Mole Concept

ABOUT EDUCATORS

BRIJESH JINDAL
• BTech Jaipur MNIT (Computer Engg)
• 12 year experience of IIT JEE in Physical Chemistry
• Ex. Senior Faculty of Vibrant Academy, Kota, Allen Career Institute, Kota and Bansal
Classes, Kota

PIYUSH MAHESHWARI
• BE (Hons.)
• 12 year experience of IIT JEE in InorganicChemistry
• Author of 'Super Problems in Inorganic Chemistry',
• Ex. HOD Bansal Classes, Kota
• Ex. Senior Faculty of Vibrant Academy, Kota and Allen Career Institute, Kota

DR. SHARAD KOTHARI

• MSc., PhD, NET, JRF
• 19 year experience of IIT JEE in Organic Chemistry
• Ex. Senior Faculty of Vibrant Academy, Kota and Bansal Classes, Kota
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-

s
EXERCISE-1 (Subjective Questions)

s er t
er tCALCULATION OF MOLE
xp
Q.1
p
Calculate the following quantities :
x ryE
E ist
(a) Mass, in grams, of 0.1 mol of sucrose (C12H22O11)
r y
ist em
(b) Moles of Zn(NO3)2 in 142.05 g of this substance

m
(c) Number of molecules of HCOOH in 10–6 mol.
e C h
Ch
(d) Number of N-atom in 0.2 mol of N2H4.
(e) Number of O-atom in 2 × 10–3 mol Al(NO3)3.
(f) Number of moles of NH4Cl in 107 g of this substance.
(g) Mass, in grams of 2 × 10–3 mol of CdS
ts r ts
r xpe
(h) Molar mass of Cholesterol if 0.00105 mol has a mass of 0.525 g

x p e
(i) Mass, in grams, of 3 × 1021 molecules of Aspirin, C9H8O4

yE r yE
ist
(j) Molar mass of an element if mass of 1 atom is 12 × 10–24 g.

is tr
(k) Number of SO42– ions in 19.6 g Cr2(SO4)3

em em
Ch
(l) Number of Ca2+ ions in 6.2 g Ca3(PO4)2

Ch
Q.2 Nitric acid is composed of HNO3 molecules. If a sample weighing 6.3 g HNO3 then calculate
(a) How many nitrogen atoms are in this sample?
(b) How many oxygen atoms are in 2.52 gm of nitric acid.

r ts ts
Q.3
e r
Ethanol, C2H5OH, is the substance commonly called alcohol. The density of liquid alcohol is 0.7893 g/

x p e
p
ml at 293 K. If 1.2 mole of ethanol are needed for a particular experiment, what volume of ethanol

yE
should be measured out?
r E x
ist ry
ist
Q.4 A gaseous mixture contains CO2 (g) and N2O (g) in a 2 : 5 ratio by mass. Find the ratio of the number

em
em
of molecules of CO2 (g) and N2O (g)

Ch
Q.5
C h
Find the number of neutrons in 0.45 g water, assuming that all the hydrogen atoms are H1 atoms and all
the oxygen atoms are O16 atoms

Q.6 A 12.6 g sample of Na2SO3 is mixed with 30 g sample of MgSO4 . What is total mass of oxygen present
in the mixture?
r ts
xpe
Q.7 Calcium carbonate is a common ingredient in stomach antacids. If one antacid tablet has 60 mg of

E
CaCO3, how many moles of CaCO3 are there in 200 tablets.
r ts
y
Q..8
is tr xpe
A 3L sample of paint that has a density of 5 g/ml is found to contain 10% by mass Pb3N2(s). How many
E
em grams of lead were in the paint sample? [Atomic mass of Pb = 207]
r y
Ch
Q.9 Calculate the following quantities :
m ist
e
Ch
(a) Number of moles of 11.2 L CO2 at NTP
(b) Number of moles of 2L CO2 at 16.42 atm pressure and 127°C.
(c) Molar mass of gas at 1atm and 27°C having density 1.2 × 10–3 g/ml
(d) Number of moles of 45.4 L O2 at STP
Page # 1
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.10 Complete the following table for an ideal gas
P V n Temperature
r ts
(i) 16.628 × 10 Pa3

r ts
15 L ______ 27°C
xp e
(ii) __________
x p e 42 L 0.42 mol 200K
E
(iii) 304 torr ______ 4 × 10–2 327°C
ry
(iv)
r
380 mmHg
yE ______ 0.5 mol 300K
ist
Q.11
m ist h
What is the density of CCl4(g) (in g/L) at 380 torr and 127°C ?em
e C
Q.12
Ch
Calculate the total pressure (in atm) of a mixture of 0.02 mol of He(g) and 0.01 mol of H2(g) in 3 L flask
at 127°C.

Q.13 Calculate the following quantities :

ts r ts
r xpe
(a) Molar mass of oxygen gas if 64 g of oxygen in 22.4 L vessel exerts a pressure of 2 atm at 0°C.
(b)
p e
Average molar mass of 20 gm mixture of CH4(g) and He(g) in 11.2 L vessel exerts a pressure of 5 atm
x
at 0°C.
yE r yE
r ist
(c) Calculate atomicity of phosphorus if 62g of phosphorus exerts a pressure of 0.5 atm in 22.4 L vessel at

is
0°C. t m
(d)
em e
Calculate molar mass of gas having density 2 × 10–3 g/cm3 at 1 atm and 0°C.

Ch
Q.14
AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS & AVERAGE MOLAR MASS Ch
The vapour density of a gaseous mixture of non-reactive gases 'A' and 'B' is 40. If the molar mass of gas
'A' is 20 gm/mol and the mixture contains the gases in 2 : 3 volume ratio, then Calculate molar mass of

s
gas 'B' :

er t ts
Q.15
p er
2 isotopes of an element are present in 1 : 2 ratio of number, having mass number M and (M + 0.5)
x p
r yE
respectively. Find the mean mass number of element.
E x
ist ry
ist
Q.16 A hypothetical element Z if found to have an atomic mass of 37.45 amu. Element Z has only two

em isotopes, Z 37 and Z38. The Z37 isotope has a fractional abundance of 0.77 and isotopic mass of 37.24.

Ch
What is the isotopic mass of the other isotope.
hem
Q.17 C
Silver has two naturally occuring isotopes, one of mass 107 amu and other of mass 109 amu. Find
fraction of abundances for these two isotopes. The atomic mass is 107.8 amu.

Q.18 The relative density of a mixture of CO2 (g) & H2O (g) w.r.t. gaseous hydrogen atoms is 30. Then

r ts
Calculate mol percentage of CO2

xpe
EMPIRICAL FORMULA & MOLECULAR FORMULA
E r ts
y
Q.19
is tr
Give the empirical formula of each of the following compound if a sample contains.
E xpe
em (a) 0.013 mol C, 0.039 mol H and 0.0065 mol oxygen(O)
r y
Ch ist
(b) 11.66 g Fe and 5.01 g oxygen(O)

m
(c) 40% C, 6.7% H and 53.3% oxygen (O) by mass.
e
Q.20
Ch
What is the molecular formula of each of following compounds?
(a) Empirical formula CH2, molar mass = 84 gm/mol
(b) Empirical formula NH2Cl, molar mass = 51.5 gm/mol
Page # 2
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.21 During an analysis of 255 mg of a molecule that contains only C, H and O. As a result 561 mg CO2 is
produced along with 306 mg H2O
r ts
r ts
(a) If the molecule contains only C, H and O, what is empirical formula?
xp e
p e E
(b) If the molar mass of the compound is 180 g/mol, what is molecular formula of the compound?
x ry
Q.22
r yE ist
0.078 gms of a gaseous hydrocarbon occupy 44.8 ml volume at 1 atm and 273°C. The empirical

m ist em
formula of the hydrocarbon is CH. Find total number of atoms in one molecule of the hydrocarbon.

h
e C
Ch
Q.23 The empirical formula of styrene is CH ; the molar mass of styrene is 104 g/mol. What number of H
atoms are present in a 2.08g sample of styrene

Q.24 A compound whose empirical formula is XF3 consists of 65% F by mass. What is the atomic mass of X?

ts r ts
r xpe
CONCENTRATION TERMS
Q.25
p e
Calculate the molarity of the following solutions :
x
(a) 4g of caustic soda is dissolved in 200 mL of the solution.
yE r yE
r ist
(b) 5.3 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate is dissolved in 100 mL of solution.

is
(c) t
0.365 g of pure HCl gas is dissolved in 50 mL of solution.
m
em e
Ch
Q.26
Ch
Density of a solution containing 14% by mass of sulphuric acid is 1.05 gm/mL. What is the molarity of
solution ?

Q.27 15 g of methyl alcohol is present in 100 mL of solution. If density of solution is 0.90 gm mL–1. Calculate

s
the mass percentage of methyl alcohol in solution

er t ts
Q.28
p
A 6.90 M solution of KOH in water contains 30% by mass of KOH. What is density of solution?
x p er
r yE E x
y
Q.29 Aqueous solution of urea has density 1.5 g/ml and it is 5 M. Calculate

m ist
(a) Its molality (b) w/w %
ist r
e
(c) w/v % (d) mole fraction of solute

Ch hem
Q.30
0.8 g/cm3 . Calculate.
(a) molality (b) molarity (c) w/w%
C
A bottle of whisky contains 12% aqueous ethanol by volume. The density of ethanol (C 2H5OH) is

Q.31 Calculate the number of moles of solute present in each of the following aqueous solutions.
(a) 600 ml of 0.25 M CaCl2
r ts
xpe
(b) 100 g of 0.2 M KCl, density of solution = 1.2 gm/ml
(c) 120 g of a solution that is 9% glucose (C6H12O6) by mass
E r ts
y
r xpe
(d) 200 ml of solution, that is 2M in urea (NH2CONH2). [Given : density of solution 1.2 g/ml]

is t
(e) 100 ml of 5M NaCl

em r yE
Ch ist
Q.32 Units of parts per million (ppm) or per billion (ppb) are often used to describe the concentrations of

m
solutes in very dilute solutions. The units are defined as the number of grams of solute per million or per
e
billion grams of solvent. Bay of Bengal has 1.89 ppm of lithium ions. What is the molality of Li+ in this
water ? (Li = 7)
Ch
Q.33 The average concentration of Na+ ion in human body is 3 to 4 gm per litre. What is the approximate
molarity of Na+ ion in body? Page # 3
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.34 What is the concentration of chloride ion, in molarity, in a solution containing 10.56 gm BaCl2.8H2O per
litre of solution ? (Ba = 137)
r ts
r ts xp e
Q.35
p e E
An aqueous solution which is 20% (w/w) and 30% (w/v) in NaOH. What will be mass fraction of water
x
in 30 ml of such solution.
ry
r yE ist
ist em
Q.36 The concentration of a solution is 8% (w/w) and 10% (w/v). Calculate density of solution?

em C h
Ch
Q.37 The mole fraction of solute in aqueous urea solution is 0.2. Calculate the mass percent of solute ?

Q.38 The concentration of Ca(HCO3)2 in a sample of hard water is 486 ppm. The density of water sample is
1.0 gm/ml. Calculate the molarity of solution ?

ts r ts
r xpe
Q.39 Calculate molality (m) of each ion present in the aqueous solution of 2M NH 4Cl assuming 100%

p e
dissociation according to reaction.
x
yE
NH4Cl (aq)  NH 4 (aq) + Cl– (aq)
r yE
r ist
Given : Density of solution = 3.107 gm / ml.

is t m
Q.40
em Fill in the blank :
e
Ch Ch
Aqueous Density(g/ml) Mass% of solute m M Mole fraction
solution of solute(X)
Urea 1.2 20 ____ ___ __________
Acetic acid 1.2 40 ____ ___ __________
HCl 1.5 30 ____ ___ __________
Ammonia 1.25
r ts 20 ____ ___ __________
ts
x p e er
yEPROBLEMS RELATED WITH MIXING & DILUTION
x p
Q.41
r E
300gm of an aqueous solution of a particular solute (containing 30% by mass solute) is mixed with
y
m ist ist r
400 gm of another aq. solution of same solute (containing 40% solute by mass). In the final solution
calculate. [Given : density of final solution = 7/8 gm/ml, Molecular mass of solute = 50]
e em
Ch
(i) Mass % of solute (ii) Mole fraction of solute
(iii) Molarity
C h
(iv) Molality

Q.42 10L of 2M NaCl solution is subjected to following changes. Calculate final molarity in each case. If
solution is :
(i) Diluted by 20L (ii) Diluted to 20L

r ts
(iii) Heated until the volume reduced to 40%

xpe
(iv) Heated until the volume reduced by 40%
(v) 2 mole of NaCl(s) is further dissolved. (Neglect change in volume)
E r ts
y
Q.43
is tr xpe
(a) 500 ml 1M H2SO4 solution is mixed with 400 ml of 2.5 M HCl solution. Density of final solution is
E
em 1.2 gm/ml. Calculate [H+] in the final solution.
r y
Ch ist
(b) 500 ml 1M H2SO4 solution (dsolution = 1.4 g/ml) is mixed with 400 ml of 2.5 M HCl solution
(dsolution = 1.25 g/ml) to give a final solution of density 1.2 g/ml. Calculate [H+] in final solution.
em
Ch
Page # 4
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
STOICHIOMETRY AND LIMITING REAGENT
Q.44
r t
What total volume, in litre at 627°C and 1 atm, could be formed by the decomposition of 16 gm ofs
NH4NO3 ?
r ts xp e
p e
Reaction : 2NH4NO3  2N2 + O2 + 4H2O(g).
x E
ry
Q.45
r yE
How many gm of HCl is needed for complete reaction with 69.6 gm MnO2 ?
ist
m ist HCl + MnO2  MnCl2 + H2O + Cl2

hem
e C
Ch
Q.46 Carbon dioxide is end product of metabolism as shown :
C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O
Calculate daily production of CO2 (in grams) assuming each person consumes 5 × 102 gm glucose
perday and world's population is 3.6 billion.

ts r ts
r xpe
Q.47 Nitric acid is manufactured by the Ostwald process, in which nitrogen dioxide reacts with water.

x p e
3 NO2 (g) + H2O (l)  2 HNO3 (aq) + NO (g)

yE r E
How many grams of nitrogen dioxide are required in this reaction to produce 25.2 gm HNO3 ?
y
Q.48
is tr ist
Urea, NH2CONH2, is a nitrogen fertilizer that is manufactured from ammonia and CO2(g)
m
em 2NH3(g) + CO2(g)  NH2 CONH2(aq) + H2O(l)
e
Ch
Q.49
Ch
What volume of ammonia at 27°C and 8.21 atm is needed to produce 900 g urea?

Consider the reaction :

2H2(g) + O2(g)  2H2O(g)
Identify the limiting reagent in each of the reaction mixtures given below and calculate H2O(g).

r ts
(a) 50 molecules of H2 and 25 molecules of O2
ts
p e
(b) 100 molecules of H2 and 40 molecules of O2
x er
E
(c) 100 molecules of H2 and 100 molecules of O2
y x p
r
(d) 0.5 mol of H2 and 0.75 mol of O2
yE
m ist
(e) 0.8 mol of H2 and 0.75 mol of O2
ist r
e
(f) 4 g of H2 and 8 g O2

Ch
(g) 5 g of H2 and 64 g O2
hem
Q.50 C
Nitrogen and hydrogen gases react to form ammonia gas as follows :
N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g)
(a) At certain temperature and pressure 1.2 L of N2 reacts with 3.6 L of H2 then, what will be the volume
of NH3 produced.

r ts
(b) At certain temperature if N2(g) and H2(g) are taken at 2atm and 8 atm respectively then what would

xpe
be the final pressure after the reaction .

ts
(c) At certain temperature if N2(g) and H2(g) are taken at 2atm and 8 atm respectively and 20 %
E r
y
r xpe
reaction takes place then what would be the final pressure after the reaction .

is t
Q.51
em Following reaction is used in thermite welding :
r yE
Ch ist
Fe2O3 (s) + 2Al(s)  2Fe(s) + Al2O3(s)
Calculate moles of each reaction compound after the reaction if initially following mixture is taken.
(a) 2 mol Fe2O3 + 2 mol Al(s)
em
(b) 5 mol Fe2O3 + 4 mol Al(s)
(c) 10 mol Fe2O3 + 10 mol Al(s) Ch
(d) 0.25 mol Fe2O3 + 1 mol Al(s)
Page # 5
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.52 Potassium nitrate (KNO3) is used as a fertilizer for certain crops. It is produced through the reaction :
4KCl + 4HNO3 + O2  4KNO3 + 2Cl2 + 2H2O
r ts
r ts p
Calculate the minimum mass of KCl required to produce 505 g KNO 3. What mass of Cl2 will be
x e
generated as well?
x p e E
ry
Q.53
r yE ist
Hydrogen cyanide is produced industrially from the reaction of gaseous ammonia, oxygen and methane.

ist em
2NH3(g) + 3O2(g) + 2CH4(g)  2HCN(g) + 6H2O(g)

em h
If 6.8 kg each of NH3, O2 and CH4 are reacted then calculate mass of HCN(g) and H2O(g) formed.
C
Ch
Q.54 Carbon reacts with chlorine to form CCl4. 36 gm of carbon was mixed with 142 gm of Cl2. Calculate
mass of CCl4 produced and the remaining mass of reactant.

PERCENTAGE YIELD AND PERCENTAGE PURITY

ts r ts
r xpe
Q.55 Titanium dioxide, TiO2, reacts with carbon and chlorine to give gaseous TiCl4 :

x p e
TiO2 + 2C + 2Cl2  TiCl4 + 2CO
The reaction of 7.98 Kg TiO2 with excess C and Cl2 gives 4.745 Kg TiCl4.
yE r yE
r ist
[Given : Atomic mass Ti = 47.8]

is t
(a) Calculate amount of CO(g) formed (in g)
m
em (b) Calculate percentage yield of reaction.
e
Ch
Q.56 Consider the reaction :
P4(s) + F2(g)  PF3(g)
Ch
What mass of F2 is needed to produce 176 g of PF3 if the reaction has 80% yield.

Q.57
r ts
Ammonia gas can be prepared by reaction of a metal oxide such as calcium oxide with NH4Cl.
ts
p e
CaO(s) + NH4Cl(s)  2NH3(g) + H2O(g) + CaCl2(s)
x er
E
(a) If 112 g of CaO and 224 g NH4Cl are mixed, what mass of NH3 can be prepared?
y x p
r
(b) In above case if 17 g of NH3 is obtained, then what is its percentage yield?
yE
Q.58
m ist ist r
A power company burns approximately 475 tons of coal per day to produce electricity. If the sulphur
e em
Ch
content of the coal is 1.2 % by weight, how many tons SO2 are dumped into the atmosphere each day?

Q.59 C h
Calculate the percent loss in weight after complete decomposition of a pure sample of potassium chlorate.
KClO3(s)  KCl(s) + O2(g)

Q.60 In reaction :
ts
CaF2 + H2SO4  CaSO4 + 2HF
r
xpe
6 Kg of CaF2 are treated with an excess of H2SO4 and yield 2.0 kg of HF. Calculate the percentage
yield of reaction :
E r ts
y
Q.61
is tr xpe
Cyclohexanol is dehydrated to cyclohexene on heating with conc. H2SO4. If the yield of this reaction is
E
em 75%, how much cyclohexene will be obtained from 100 gm of cyclohexanol ?
r y
Ch ist
C6H12O con .H 2SO 4
 C6H10

Q.62
em
When heated, lithium reacts with nitrogen to form lithium nitride :
Li(s) + N2(g)  Li3N(s)
Ch
When 21 gm of Li reacts with 280 gm of N2 then 0.35 gm of Li3N is formed. What is percentage yield
of the reaction.
Page # 6
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.63 DDT, an insecticide harmful to fish, birds and humans is produced by following reactions :
2C6H5Cl (Chlorobenzene) + C2HOCl3(Chloral)  C14H9Cl5 (DDT) + H2O
r ts
r ts
If 1125 g of C6H5Cl is reacted with 442.5 g of Chloral.
xp e
p e
(a) What mass of DDT is formed?
x E
(b) Which reactant is limiting? Which is in excess?
ry
r yE
(c) What mass of excess reactant is left over.
ist
m ist
(d) If 354.5g DDT is formed, then what is the percentage yield?

hem
e C
Ch
PROBLEMS RELATED WITH MIXTURE
Q.64 39 gm of an alloy of aluminium and magnesium when heated with excess of dil. HCl forms magnesium
chloride, aluminium chloride and hydrogen. The evolved hydrogen collected at 0°C has a volume of
44.8 litres at 1 atm pressure. Calculate the composition of the aluminium by moles.

ts r ts
r xpe
Q.65 A sample containing only CaCO3 and MgCO3 is ignited to CaO and MgO. The mixture of oxides

p e
produced weight exactly half as much as the original sample. Calculate the mass percentages of CaCO3
x
and MgCO3 in the sample.
yE r yE
Q.66
is tr ist
Determine the percentage composition of a mixture (by mass) of anhydrous sodium carbonate and
m
em sodium bicarbonate from the following data:
e
Ch
Weight of the mixture taken = 2 gm
Loss in weight on heating = 0.124 gm. Ch
PRINCIPLE OF ATOM CONSERVATION(POAC)

s
Q.67 An 13.8 g sample of K2CO3 was treated in such a way that all of its carbon was captured in compound

r t
K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2. Compute mass of this product in grams.
e ts
x p p er
Q.68
E x
A chemist dissolves 1.95 g pure platinum (Pt) in an excess of a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric

r y E
y
acids and then after a series of subsequent steps involving several other chemicals, isolates a compound

m ist ist
of molecular formula Pt2C10H18N2S2O6. Determine mass of this product in grams.
r
e em
Ch
Q.69 A sample of mixture of CaCl2 and NaCl weighing 5.55 gm was treated to precipitate all the Ca as

C h
CaCO3 which was then heated and quantitatively converted to 1.68 gm of CaO. Calculate the mass
percentage of CaCl2 in the mixture.

Q.70 When 4 gm of a mixture of NaHCO3 and NaCl is heated, 0.66 gm CO2 gas is evolved. Determine the
percentage composition of the original mixture by mass.

r ts
xpe
Q.71 Disilane(Si2H6) is a gas that reacts with oxygen to give silica(SiO2) and water. Calculate mass of silica

ts
that would form if 100 cm3 Disilane (with a density 2.48 × 10–3 gm cm–3) reacted with excess oxygen.
E r
y
Q.72
is tr xpe
For BaCl2·xH2O, if 2.1 gm of compound gives 2 gm of anhydrous BaSO4 upon treatment with H2SO4.
E
em Then calculate value of 'x'.
r y
Ch
Q.73
m ist
6 gm of silver salt of tribasic acid gives 4.32 gm silver on strong heating. Calculate the molar mass of the
acid.
e
Q.74 Ch
On complete combustion, 0.1 g of an organic compound gave 0.176g of carbon dioxide and 0.18 g of
water. Determine the percentage composition of carbon and hydrogen in the compound.
Page # 7
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.75 In Duma's method for estimation of nitrogen, 0.3g of an organic compound gave 24.63 mL of nitrogen
collected over water at 300K temperature and 775 mm of Hg pressure. Calculate the percentage
r ts
r ts
composition of nitrogen in the compound. (Vapour pressure of water at 300K=15 mm of Hg)
xp e
x p e E
Q.76
ry
During estimation of nitrogen present in an organic compound by Kjeldahl’s method, the ammonia evolved

r yE ist
from 0.5 g of the compound requires 10 mL of 1 M H2SO4 for complete neutralisation. Find out the

m ist
percentage of nitrogen in the compound.

hem
e C
Ch
Q.77 In Carius method of estimation of halogen, 1 g of an organic compound gave 0.094 g of AgBr. Find out
the percentage of bromine in the compound.

Q.78 In sulphur estimation, 0.64 g of an organic compound gave 0.466 g of barium sulphate. What is the
percentage of sulphur in the compound?
ts r ts
Q.79
p er xpe
Equal weights of mercury and iodine are allowed to react completely to form a mixture of mercurous and
x E
y
mercuric iodide leaving none of the reactants. Calculate the ratio by weight of HgI2 and Hg2I2 formed
yE r
r ist
(Hg = 200, I = 127)

is t m
Q.80
em e
Sulphur trioxide may be prepared by the following two reactions :

Ch
S8 + 8O2(g)  8SO2(g)
2SO2(g) + O2(g)  2SO3(g)
How many grams of SO3 will be produced from 1 mol of S8?
Ch
2PbS + 3O2  2PbO + 2SO2
s
Q.81

r t
3SO2 + 2HNO3 + 2H2O  3H2SO4 + 2NO
e ts
p
According to the above sequence of reactions, how much H2SO4 will 1200 gm of PbS produce?
x p er
(Pb = 208)

r yE E x
ist ry
ist
VOLUME STRENGTH
Q.82
em 500 ml of a H2O2 solution on complete decomposition produces 2 moles of H2O. Calculate the volume

Ch em
strength of H2O2 solution? [Given : Volume of O2 is measured at 1atm and 273 K]
h
Q.83 C
Calculate the %(w/w) strength of 5.6 volume H 2 O 2 solution of density
1 gm/ml.

EUDIOMETRY
Q.84
r ts
10 ml of a mixture of CO, CH4 and N2 exploded with excess of oxygen gave a contraction of 6.5 ml.

xpe
There was a further contraction of 7 ml, when the residual gas treated with KOH. Volume of CO, CH4
and N2 respectively is
E r ts
y
Q.85
is tr xpe
When 100 ml of a O2 – O3 mixture was passed through turpentine, there was reduction of volume by
E
em y
20 ml. If 100 ml of such a mixture is heated, what will be the increase in volume?
r
Ch
Q.86
m ist
60 ml of a mixture of nitrous oxide and nitric oxide was exploded with excess of hydrogen. If 38 ml of N2
e
Ch
was formed, calculate the volume of each gas in the mixture.

Q.87 When a certain quantity of oxygen was ozonised in a suitable apparatus, the volume decreased by 4 ml.
On addition of turpentine the volume further decreased by 8 ml. All volumes were measured at the same
temperature and pressure. From these data, establish the formula of ozone. Page # 8
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.88 10 ml of ammonia were enclosed in an eudiometer and subjected to electric sparks. The sparks were

r ts
continued till there was no further increase in volume. The volume after sparking measured 20 ml. Now

r ts p e
30 ml of O2 were added and sparking was continued again. The new volume then measured 27.5 ml. All
x
p e E
volumes were measured under identical conditions of temperature and pressure. Calculate the molecular
x
formula of ammonia. Nitrogen and Hydrogen are diatomic.
ry
r yE ist
Q.89

m ist em
20 ml of a mixture of C2H2 and CO was exploded with 30 ml of oxygen. The gases after the reaction

h
had a volume of 34 ml. On treatment with KOH, 8 ml of oxygen remained. Calculate the composition of
e C
Ch
the mixture.

Q.90 10 ml of CO is mixed with 25 ml air having 20% O2 by volume. What would be the final volume if none
of CO and O2 is left after the reaction?

ts r ts
x p er
E xpe
yE r y
is tr
m ist
em e
Ch Ch

r ts ts
x p e er
yE x p
r yE
m ist ist r
e em
Ch C h

r ts
E xpe r ts
y
is tr
E xpe
em r y
Ch m ist
e
Ch
Page # 9
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-

EXERCISE-2 (Objective Questions)

r ts
s e
Single Correct:
Q.1
r t xp
The percentage by mole of NO2 in a mixture of NO2(g) and NO(g) having average molecular mass 34 is :
e
(A) 25%
x p
(B) 20% (C) 40% (D) 75%
ryE
r yE ist
ist
Q.2 For the following reaction if equal mass of A and B are taken :

m
A + 2B  C
hem
e
Which of the following is correct? (MA and MB are molar masses of A and B respectively)
C
Ch
(A) If MA = 2MB , then none of the reactant will be left.
MA
(B) If MB > , then A will be limiting reagent.
2
(C) If MA = MB, then A will be limiting reagent

ts r ts
r xpe
(D) All are correct

x p e
Q.3

yE r yE
74 gm of a compoud on complete combustion gives 132 gm CO2 and 54 gm of H2O. The molecular

ist
formula of the compound may be

is
(A) C5H12
tr (B) C4H10O (C) C3H6O2 (D) C3H7O2

em em
Ch Ch
Q.4 The mass of CO2 produced from 620 gm mixture of C2H4O2 & O2, prepared to produce maximum
energy is (Combustion reaction is exothermic)
(A) 413.33 gm (B) 593.04 gm (C) 440 gm (D) 320 gm

Q.5 Maximum mass of sucrose C12H22O11 produced by mixing 84 gm of carbon, 12 gm of hydrogen and

r ts
56 lit. O2 at 1 atm & 273 K according to given reaction, is
ts
p e
C(s) + H2(g) + O2 (g)  C12H22O11(s)
x er
(A) 138.5
yE
(B) 155.5 (C) 172.5 (D) 199.5
x p
r yE
Q.6

m ist ist r
Cupric nitrate is prepared by dissolving a weighed amount of copper metal in a nitric acid solution,
Cu + HNO3  Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O
e em
Ch
What mass of Cu(NO3)2 formed by using 50 mL of 6.0 M HNO3.
(A) 112.5 g (B) 21.1 g (C) 168.7 g
C h (D) 42.2 g

Q.7 If mass of 2 atoms is 4 × 10–23 gm. Then atomic mass of element will be : [Take : NA = 6×1023 / mole]
(A) 24 (B) 12 (C) 6 (D) 2

Q.8
ts
Calculate percentage change in Mavg of the mixture, if PCl5 undergo 50% decomposition.
r
xpe
PCl5  PCl3 + Cl2
(A) 50%
E
(B) 66.66 % (C) 33.33 % (D) Zero
r ts
y
Q.9
is tr xpe
The number of carbon atoms present in a signature, if a signature written by carbon pencil weights
E
em 1.2 × 10–3 gm is
r y
Ch ist
(A) 12.04 × 1020 (B) 6.02 × 1019 (C) 3.01 × 1019 (D) 6.02 × 1020

em
Ch
Q.10 The average atomic mass of a mixture containing 79 mole % of 24Mg and remaining 21 mole % of 25Mg
and 26Mg , is 24.31. % mole of 26Mg is
(A) 5 (B) 20 (C) 10 (D) 15

Page # 10
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.11 An organic compound contains 14 atoms of carbon per molecule. If mass % of carbon in the compound
is 22.4 % then molecular mass of the compound will be
r ts
(A) 3000 (B) 750
r ts (C) 12000 (D) 600
xp e
x p e E
ry
E ist
Q.12 An organic compound contains 8 % Oxygen and 4 % Sulphur by mass. Find the minimum possible

r y
molecular weight of compound?

m
(A) 400
ist (B) 200 (C) 800
hem
(D) 1600

e C
Ch
Q.13 When 280 gm of ethylene polymerises to polyethylene according to the equation:
n (CH2 = CH2)  —(CH 2  CH 2 —
)n .
The weight and mole of polyethylene formed will be

(A) 280, 10 n (B)

280
ts
,n (C)
28
, 280 (D) 280,
10
r ts
r xpe
n n n

x p e
Q.14
yE r yE
6.0 gm of silver salt of a tetrabasic acid gives 4.32 gm silver on strong heating. The molar mass of the

is tr
acid is (Ag = 108)
m ist
em (A) 168 (B) 172 (C) 84
e (D) 88

Ch
Q.15 Ch
The number of moles of compound (KHC2O4)0.95 · H2C2O4 in its pure sample if sample contains
4 moles of oxygen atoms.
4 4
(A) 0.5
r ts
(B) 0.5 × 0.95 (C) ( 4  0.95  4) (D)
0.95
ts
x p e er
Q.16
E x p
20 gm of a mixture of NaCl and NaOH exactly requires 7.3 gm HCl for complete reaction. The mass
y
r yE
ist
percent of NaCl in the original mixture is :
(A) 40% (B) 60% (C) 50%
ist
(D) 80% r
em
Ch
Q.17
em
For a solution concentration can be expressed as 16% w/w as well as 20% w/v. What will be density of
h
solution?
(A) 1.25 gm/lit. (B) 0.8 gm/lit. C
(C) 1.25 gm/ml (D) 0.8 gm/ml

Q.18 In Delhi on a polluted day, concentration of SO2 in air is 40 ppm. Assuming density of air is 2gm/litre.
How many gram of SO2 is present in 100 litre of air?
(A) 4 mg
r ts
(B) 4 gm (C) 8 × 10–3 kg (D) 8 mg

Q.19
E xpe r ts
The legal limit for human exposure to CO in the work place is 35 ppm. Assuming that the density of
y
tr xpe
air is 1.3 g/L, how many grams of CO are in 1.0L of air at the maximum allowable concentration?

is
(A) 4.55 ×10–5 gm (B) 3.5 ×10–5 gm (C) 2.69 ×10–5 gm (D) 7.2 ×10–5 gm
E
em r y
Ch
Q.20 Molarity of pure water if its density is 0.90 gm/ml at 90°C,
m ist
e
(A) 55.55 M (B) 5.55 M (C) 50 M (D) None of these

Q.21
will be :
Ch
If 2M, 200 ml HCl, 2M, 100 ml CaCl2 and 5M, 200 ml AlCl3 is mixed then final concentration of Cl–

(A) 2.5 M (B) 3 M (C) 3.5 M (D) 7.6 M

Page # 11
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.22 What volumes should you mix of 0.2 M NaCl and 0.1 M CaCl2 solution so that in resulting solution the

r ts
concentration of positive ion is 40% lesser than concentration of negative ion. Assuming total volume of
solution 1000 ml.
r ts xp e
p e
(A) 400 ml NaCl , 600 ml CaCl2
x
(B) 600 ml NaCl, 400 ml CaCl2
E
(C) 800 ml NaCl, 200 ml CaCl2 (D) None of these
ry
r yE ist
Q.23

m ist em
Assuming complete precipitation of AgCl, calculate the sum of the molar concentration of all the ions if 2
lit of 2M Ag2SO4 is mixed with 4 lit of 1 M NaCl solution is :
h
e C
Ch
(A) 4M (B) 2M (C) 3 M (D) 2.5 M

Q.24 The hydrated salt Na2SO4.xH2O undergoes 47% loss in weight on heating and becomes anhydrous.[With
no other chemical product]. The value of x will be
(A) 3 (B) 5
ts
(C) 7 (D) 10
r ts
Q.25
p er xpe
How many litre of C7H16 will be required to react with 176 gm of oxygen. If density of C 7H16 is
x E
y
0.8 gm/L?
yE r
r ist
(A) 62.5 L (B) 40 L (C) 50 L (D) 80 L
Q.26 is t m
Air contains 20% oxygen by volume, calculate the theoretical volume of air which will be required for
em e
Ch
burning 200 m3 of acetylene gas completely. All volumes are measured under the same conditions of

Ch temperature and pressure.

(A) 2500 m3 (B) 500 m3 (C) 2000 m3 (D) 3000 m3
Q.27 10 ml of a compound containing 'N' and 'O' is mixed with 30 ml of H2 to produce H2O (l) and 10 ml of

r s
N2 (g). Molecular formula of compound if both reactants reacts completely, is
t ts
e
(A) N2O (B) NO2 (C) N2O3 (D) N2O5
Q.28
x p p
200 ml of a gaseous mixture containing CO, CO2 and N2 on complete combustion in just sufficienter
r yE E
amount of O2 showed contraction of 40 ml. When the resulting gases were passed through KOH x
ist ry
ist
solution it reduces by 50 % then calculate the volume ratio of VCO : VCO : VN in original mixture.
m
2 2

e em
Ch
(A) 4 : 1 : 5 (B) 2 : 3 : 5 (C) 1 : 4 : 5 (D) 1 : 3 : 5
Q.29
C h
When 20 ml of mixture of O2 and O3 is heated, the volume becomes 29 ml and disappears in alkaline
pyragallol solution. What is the volume precent of O2 in the original mixture?
(A) 90% (B) 10% (C) 18% (D) 2%
Q.30 A mixture of C2H2 and C3H8 occupied a certain volume at 80 mm Hg. The mixture was completely

ts
burnt to CO2 and H2O(l). When the pressure of CO2 was found to be 230 mm Hg at the same temperature
r
xpe
and volume, the fraction of C2H2 in mixture is
(A) 0.125
E
(B) 0.5 (C) 0.85 (D) 0.25
r ts
y
Q.31
is tr xpe
20 mL of a mixture of CO and H2 were mixed with excess of O2 and exploded & cooled. There was a
E
em y
volume contraction of 23 mL. All volume measurements corresponds to room temperature (27°C) and
r
Ch ist
one atmospheric pressure. Determine the volume ratio V1 : V2 of CO and H2 in the original mixture

m
(A) 6.5 : 13.5 (B) 5 : 15 (C) 9 : 11 (D) 7 : 13
e
Ch s

Page # 12
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Assertion Reason:
Q.32 Statement -1 : Molality of pure ethanol is lesser than pure water.
r ts
r ts
Statement -2 : As density of ethanol is lesser than density of water.
xp e
p e
[Given : dethanol = 0.789 gm/ml; dwater = 1 gm/ml]
x E
ry
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.

r yE ist
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.

m ist
(C) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(D) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
hem
e C
Ch
Q.33 Statement -1 : Mass of a solution of 1 litre of 2M H2SO4 [dsolution = 1.5 gm/ml] is greater
than the mass of solution containing 400 gm MgO which is labelled as
40% (w/w) MgO.
Statement -2 : Mass of H2SO4 in 1 litre 2M H2SO4 [dsolution = 1.5 gm/ml] is greater than

s
the mass of MgO in 1 litre 40% (w/w) MgO [dsolution =2 gm /ml] solution.
t r ts
er xpe
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.

x p
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
E
E
(C) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
y r y
tr ist
(D) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
is m
em e
Ch
More than one correct:

Ch
Q.34 For the reaction : MnO2 + 4HCl 100  MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O, 8.7 gm MnO2 is dissolved in 500 ml
%

of HCl solution containing 7.3 gm HCl per litre. (Mn = 55)
(A) HCl is the limiting reagent.
(B) MnO2 is the limiting reagent.

r ts
(C) 0.025 moles of MnCl2 will form.
ts
p e
(D) 560 ml Cl2 gas will liberate at 0°C and 1 atm.
x er
yE x p
Q.35
r
Solution(s) containing 40 gm NaOH is/are
yE
m ist
(A) 50 gm of 80% (w/w) NaOH
(B) 50 gm of 80% (w/v) NaOH [dsoln. = 1.2 gm/ml]
ist r
e em
Ch
(C) 50 gm of 20 M NaOH [dsoln. = 1 gm/ml]
(D) 50 gm of 5m NaOH
C h
Q.36 The incorrect statement(s) regarding 2M MgCl2 aqueous solution is/are (dsolution = 1.09 gm/ml)
(A) Molality of Cl¯ is 4.44 m
(B) Mole fraction of MgCl2 is exactly 0.035

ts
(C) The conc. of MgCl2 is 19% w/v
r
xpe
(D) The conc. of MgCl2 is 19 × 104 ppm

E r ts
y
is tr
E xpe
em r y
Ch m ist
e
Ch
Page # 13
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-

ANSWER KEY
r ts
s e
EXERCISE-1
Q.1 (a) 34.2 g
r
(b) 0.75
e t (c) NHCOOH = 10–6 × NA
xp
(d) NNatoms = 0.4 NA
(e) 1.8 × 10–2 × NA
x p
(f) 2 (g) wCdS = 0.289 g
ryE (h) 500 g

ist
(k) n SO 24  = 0.15NA
(i)  0.9 g

r yE (j) 7.22 g (l) n Ca  2 = 0.06NA

Q.2
m ist
(a) 0.1 NA = 6.022 × 1022 (b) 0.12 NA
hem
e C
Ch
Q.3 70 ml Q.4 2:5 Q.5 1.2 × 1023 Q.6 20.8 g
Q.7 0.12 Q..8 1435.3 g

Q.9 (a) 0.5 (b) 1 (c) 29.556 (d) 2

ts r ts
r xpe
Q.10 P V n Temperature
(i)
x p
16.628 × 103 Pa e 15 L 0.1 27°C
(ii)
yE
0.1642 atm 42 L 0.42 mol 200K
r yE
tr ist
(iii) 304 torr 4.926 L 4 × 10–2 327°C

is
(iv) 380 mmHg 24.63 L 0.5 mol
m
300K

em e
Ch
Q.11 2.34 g/L Q.12 Ptotal = 0.3284 atm
Ch 1
Q.13 (a) 32 g (b) 8 g (c) 4 (d) 44.8 g/mol Q.14 120 Q.15 M+
3
600
Q.16 38.15 amu
r ts
Q.17 fractional abundances = 0.6, 0.4 Q.18
13
ts
Q.19
x p e
(a) C2H6O (b) Fe2O3 (c) CH2O Q.20 (a) C6H12 (b) NH2Cl
er
yE x p
r yE
ist
Q.21 (a) Empirical formula : C3H8O; (b) Molecular formula : C9H24O3 Q.22 12

ist r
em
em
Q.23 0.16 NA Q.24 30.7 Q.25 (a) 0.5 M, (b) 0.5 M, (c) 0.2 M

Ch
Q.26 1.5 m Q.27 16.67% Q.28
C h
1.288 gm/ml

Q.29 (a) 4.14 (b) 20 % (c) 30% (d) 0.0697  0.07

Q.30 (a) 2.37 (b) 2.08 (c) 9.83

r ts Q.31 (a) 0.15 (b) 0.016 mol (c) 0.06 (d) 0.4 (e) 0.5

Q.32 2.7 × 10–4m

xp
Q.33 e 0.15 M Q.34 0.06 M Q.35 0.8

E r ts
y
tr xpe
Q.36 1.25 gm/ml Q.37 45.45% Q.38 3.0×10–3 M Q.39 0.67 m, 0.67 m
is E
Q.40
em Aqueous Density(g/ml) Mass% of solute m M
r yMole fraction

Ch
solution
Urea 1.2 20
m 4.17 4ist of solute(X)
0.069
e
Ch
Acetic acid 1.2 40 11.11 8 0.167
HCl 1.5 30 11.74 12.32 0.174
Ammonia 1.25 20 14.70 14.70 0.21

Page # 14
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-
Q.41 (i) 35.71%, (ii) 0.166 (iii) 6.25 M (iv) 11.11 m

r ts
Q.42
r ts
(i) 0.66 M, (ii) 1M (iii) 5M (iv) 3.33M (v) 2.2M Q.43 (a) 2.22 M (b) 2M
xp e
x p e E
Q.44 51.723 litre Q.45 116.8 gm Q.46 264 × 1010 Q.47 27.6 gm
ry
Q.48 90 L
r yE ist
Q.49

m ist
(a) both will get completely consumed, 50 molecules of H2O
(b) O2, 80 molecules of H2O.
hem
e C
Ch
(c) H2, 100 molecules of H2O.
(d) H2, 0.5 moles of H2O.
(e) H2, 0.8 moles of H2O.
(f) O2, 8 g of H2O.
(g) H2, 45 g of H2O.
ts
Q.50 (a) 2.4L (b) 6 atm (c) 9.2 atm
r ts
Q.51 Fe2O3(s)
xp
+ er 2Al(s) ® 2Fe(s) + Al2O3(s)
E xpe
y
(a) t = tf 1 mol 0 2 mol 1 mol
yE r
r ist
(b) t = tf 3 mol 0 4 mol 2 mol
(c)
is
t = tf t
5 mol 0 10 mol
m
5 mol
(d)
em t = tf 0 0.5mol 0.5 mol
e 0.25 mol

Ch
Q.52 wKCl require = 372.5 gm ; w Cl 2 produce = 177.5 gm Ch
Q.53 Mass of nHCN = 3825 g; Mass of n H 2O = 7650 g

Q.54 w CCl = 154 gm ; w = 24 gm

r ts ts
4 c

x p e er
Q.55
yE
(a) 1400 g, (b) 25% Q.56 142.5 gm Q.57 (a) 68 g (b) 25% Q.58
x p
11.4

r y1 E
Q.59
m
39.18%
ist Q.60 65 % Q.61 61.5 gm
ist
Q.62
r
e em
Ch
Q.63 (a) (M C14H9Cl5  3) = 354.5 × 3 = 1063.5 g (b) Chloral is LR, Chlorobenzene is in excess.
(c) (4 × 112.5) = 450 g (d) 33.33%
C h
Q.64 Al = 66.6% Q.65 CaCO3 = 28.4%; MgCO3 = 71.6%

Q.66 NaHCO3 = 16.8 %; Na2CO3 = 83.2 % Q.67  5.8 g Q.68 3.52 g

r ts
xpe
Q.69 60% Q.70 NaHCO3 = 63 % , NaCl = 37% Q.71 w SiO2 = 0.48 g

E r ts
y
r xpe
Q.72 2 Q.73 129 gm Q.74 48 %, 20 % Q.75 9.3 %

is t
Q.76
em 56% Q.77 4% Q.78 10 % Q.79
r yE
1.879

Ch is t
Q.80 640.0 gm Q.81 490 gm Q.82
m
44.8 V
e
Q.83 1.7

Q.84
Q.87
5ml, 2ml, 3ml
O3
Q.85
Q.88
10 ml
NH3 Ch
Q.86 NO = 44 ml; N2O = 16 ml
Q.89 C2H2 = 6 ml, CO = 14 ml
Q.90 30 ml
Page # 15
 MOLE-CONCEPT, CONCENTRATION-

EXERCISE-2
r ts
r ts xp e
Q.1 A Q.2 A
x p e Q.3 C Q.4 C
E Q.5 B

ry
Q.6 B
r
Q.7
yE B Q.8 C Q.9
ist
B Q.10 C

Q.11 B
m ist
Q.12 C Q.13 D
hem
Q.14 B Q.15 C
e C
Q.16
Ch
B Q.17 C Q.18 D Q.19 A Q.20 C

Q.21 D Q.22 D Q.23 B Q.24 C Q.25 A

ts r ts
r xpe
Q.26 A Q.27 C Q.28 C Q.29 B Q.30 A

x p e
Q.31 D
yE
Q.32 B Q.33 D Q.34 ACD
r yE Q.35 AC

s tr is t
Q.36
m i
BD
em
e h
Ch C

r ts ts
x p e er
yE x p
r yE
m ist ist r
e em
Ch C h

r ts
E xpe r ts
y
is tr
E xpe
em r y
Ch m ist
e
Ch
Page # 16