CONTEMPORARY ARTS Revised: 7/22/2020

LESSON TIMETABLE
MODULE : CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART AND THE
NATIONAL ARTIST OF THE PHILIPPINES
Sub-Module : 1. INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED
TO CONTEMPORARY ART
1.2 A Brief History of Philippines
1.2.1 Spanish Colonization Period
COURSE/SUBJECT : CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS
FROM THE REGIONS

DURATION : EIGHT (4) Hours Lecture; ________ laboratory

CONTENT/TOPIC STRATEGY/ REFRENCE EVALUATION

DURATION ACTIVITY / OUTPUT
TOOLS
Introduction
• Opening
Prayer
(Optional)
• Review Laptop
• Leveling/ Lecture-Disc Module
30 minutes
Motivation ussion Power Point
• Articulating Presentation
the desired
learning
outcomes for
the session
Presentation
• Define and
differentiate
the Lecture-Disc
Contemporary ussion
to Modern art Laptop
• Discuss the Module Oral
2 hours
Brief History Question Power Point Recitation
of Philippines and Answer Presentation
• Explain the
development
and
adaptation of
Art base from
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Philippine
timeline.

Application
• Reinforcement
• Recap of
Laptop Subjective
Learning Recitation
Module type of test
1 hour insights
Power Point Type of
• Assessment lecture
Presentation Written Test
• Closing
Prayer
(Optional)

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SESSION PLAN
Program/Year Level : STEM, TVHE - 12

MODULE : CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART AND THE

NATIONAL ARTIST OF THE PHILIPPINES
Sub-Module : 1. INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED
TO CONTEMPORARY ART
1.1 Definition of Contemporary Art.
1.1.1 Difference of Contemporary to Modern Art
1.2 A Brief History of Philippines
1.2.1 Spanish Colonization Period

COURSE/SUBJECT : CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ART AND THE

NATIONAL ARTIST OF THE PHILIPPINES

DURATION : EIGHT (4) Hours Lecture; ________ laboratory

LEARNING OUTCOMES (LOs):

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
• Define Contemporary Arts in the Philippines.
• Explain the brief history of Philippines and connection in Arts.
• Identify various contemporary art form and their practices from the
various regions.
• Classify various art forms found in the Philippines
• Compare forms of Arts from the different Regions.
LEARNING AIDS:
• Laptop / Computer
• Module
• Powerpoint Presentation
REFERENCES:
• Mendez, Mario L: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the
Regions,2016. Philippines: DIWA Learning System Inc.

I. INTRODUCTION
Preparatory Activities
• Opening Prayer
• Introducing the instructor
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• Leveling/Motivation
Developmental Activities
• Articulating the desired learning outcomes for the session

II. PRESENTATION (Lesson Proper)

3. SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
The Spaniards became successful to their main project to convert all
Filipinos in Christian. Where been colonized and under by the Spanish government for
more than 300 years, that’s why we adapt a lot from them like foods, dress, language, and
Religion. After Spaniards
gaining control the Luzon and
Visayas. It became big
challenge to Spanish their
project to convert all Filipinos in
Mindanao, because they have
already a strong belief
regarding to their Islam
Religion.

Spanish colonization, the colonizers gained inroads in the Central part of the islands
whose inhabitants we now refer to as "Lowland Christians".
Art that flourished during the Spanish colonial period conformed to the
demands of the CHURCH. To carry out the project of colonization and Christianization,
the natives were forcibly resettled in towns structured according to the PLAZA
COMPLEX.
This relocating became a means of organizing and gaining control of the
native populace. The complex was designated as the town center and consisted of the
MUNICIPIO or local government office and the church, where are officiated by a priest.
In keeping with the prevailing design of Hispanic churches, we adapt the BAROQUE
STYLE
What is BAROQUE STYLE?
It is started around 1600 in Rome, Italy and spread throughout the majority
of Europe. Baroque art is identified by realistic subjects that depict spectacular action or
movement, energy and restlessness and generate powerful emotions. The design of
Churches is overdramatic, grandeur, over decorated or detail designs.
This are the example of Baroque style art, from the external part it is over detailed
including the post and cruciform that on the top of church.

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Where not only focusing on

the external part of churches but also in
the internal part of it. One of it known as
Santos, the image of Saint’s essential to
worship of Catholic Christian and
interpretations of biblical narratives were
considered.
Under the strict watch and
patronage of the church, images were
produce through Painting, Sculpting,
and Engraving. During the 17th century
Spaniards hired some Chinese artisans to engaged in making Icon Saints or Santos in
wood and ivory.
The Chinese artisan has big impact when it comes of making art or Santos
because of their Chinese features and technique. An example is a painting of Nuestra
Señora del Rosario in Bohol, the image of which was said to be inspired from Kuanyin,
the deity of mercy in East Asian Buddhism.

Another part of Internal design called Retablo were the SANTOS are displayed in this
decorative altar niche.

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The is an important inclusion in COLONIAL CHURCHES which are presented either as a

series of 14 PAINTINGS or relief sculptures depicting Christ's crucifixion and resurrection
called Via Crusis. But there is a the standard set from the 17th to 20th centuries and
The Catholic Church in the Phil

The standard set from the 17th to

20th centuries
 Pilate condemns Jesus to die
 Jesus accepts his cross
 Jesus falls for the first time
 Jesus meets his mother, Mary
 Simon helps carry the cross
 Veronica wipes the face of Jesus
 Jesus falls for the second time
 Jesus meets the three women of
Jerusalem
 Jesus falls for the third time
 Jesus is stripped of his clothes
 Jesus is nailed to the cross
 Jesus dies on the cross
 Jesus is taken down from the cross
 Jesus is placed in the tomb
The Catholic Church in the Philippines
 The Last Supper
 The Agony in Gethsemane
 Jesus is Condemned to Death
 Jesus is Scourged and Crowned
with Thorns
 Jesus Carries the Cross
 Jesus Falls – unites all three
instances of the traditional list
 Simon of Cyrene Helps Jesus Carry
the Cross
 Jesus Meets the Women of
Jerusalem
 Jesus Is Stripped of His Garments
 The Good Thief
 Mary and The Beloved Disciple at
the Foot of the Cross
 The Death of Jesus
 Jesus is Laid in the Tomb
 The Resurrection of Jesus Christ

Church altars are sometimes decorated with carved figurative protrusions on the
surface called RELLEVES.

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Tha Plateria a use in hammered silver, metal and bronze that can see and also applied in
the body of the carroza, where the santos are paraded during town processions.

This musical instruments also has a big impact when it come to the musical entertainment
Filipinos and we can identify the socioeconomic status by owning different instruments.

PASYON or PABASA
a musical form based on the Catholic faith or the biblical narration of Christ's passion
chanted in an improvised melody. It is a tradition that has survived to this day and
Pampanga known for their dedication once the Holy week started.

AWIT or CORRIDO
A secular (not related to the religion) music forms that were chanted stories
based on European literature and history and were popular even among the peasantry
who learned the verses purely by rote. Emerge in the lowland Christian communities of
Pampanga, Iloco, Bicol, and Iloilo. The example of it is Kundiman or Balitao are
sentimental love songs and lullabies.

ZARZUELAS OR SARSUWELA
A kind of theater play or operetta which features singing dancing
interspersed with prose dialogue which allowed the story to be carried out in song. The
first zarzuelas that were staged in the Philippines were entirely Spanish and featured a
European cast.

SENAKULO
The First Senakulo or Passion Play was written in 1704 by
Gaspar Aquino de Belen. It’s narrative was called entirely
from the biblical account of CHRIST'S PASSION AND
DEATH ON THE CROSS, adapted into verse form and
translated into the local language.
It is performed during Lent. In some areas, the senakulo was tweaked to convey Christ's
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suffering as a metaphor for the suffering of Filipinos under Spanish colonial ruled by
Poncio Pilapo.

KOMEDYA
The komedya is another local theater form that emerged during this period. The komedya
depicts the conflict between the Muslims and Christians.
Two main types of komedya
1. komedya de santo or religious komedya it centers on the life of Christ or of
any saints.
2. Secular komedya usually involve a love story.
A typical moro-moro is a love story between a Christian hero and an Islamic heroin
usually done in dance and resulting to the conversion and baptism of the leading Muslim
character, and ending with a Christian wedding living happily ever after.

In the visual arts, paintings served an instructive function through visual interpretation of
biblical texts central to Catholic devotion.

An example is Heaven, Earth, and Hell (1850) a mural

by Jose Dans in Paete Church, Laguna.

Basi Revolt a series of 14 paintings by Esteban

Villanueva.
It chronicles the defeat of Ilocanos who rebelled
against the Spanish government's monopoly of basi in
1821. It show how Ilocanos defeated and surrender to
the Spaniards.

Doctrina Christiana (teachings of Christianity)

Doctrina is the first printed book in the Philippines
compiling song lyrics, commandments, sacraments, and other
catechetical material. The Book was printed in 1593 in Spanish
and Tagalog by Dominican priest.
Furnished with the Technique of XYLOGRAPHY or
woodcut printing. Reprographic art of printmaking is the type of
printmaking that was introduces in the Philippines as early as the
16th century.

C arta Hydrographica Y
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Chorographica de las Yslas Filipinas

The first scientific map of the Philippines that

produced by Fr. Pedro Murillo Velarde
collaborated with homegrown talents, the artist
Francisco Suarez and the engraver Nicolas de la
Cruz Bagat in 1734.

Flora de Filipinas
An extensive compilation of
Philippine plants that produced by Fr.
Manuel Blanco during 1878 a
Augustinian Botanist.
On the other hand, the development
of lithography facilitated the
reproduction of color plates as well as
the mass printing of newspapers and
periodicals.
(Lithography – a method of printing
from a flat surface)

Letras y Figuras
Is a kind of visual art
genre of painting pioneered by José
Honorato Lozano during the Spanish colonial
period in the Philippines. The art form is
distinguished by the depiction of letters of
the alphabet using a genre of painting that
contoured shapes of human figures, animals,
plants, and other objects
The art that combining names of
individuals and vignettes (a short written
description) of everyday life. This painting
style became popular when Filipino natives acquired Spanish names.

During the early years of Spanish

colonization, education was mostly run by
the Church. Spanish friars and missionaries
educated the natives and converted indigenous
populations to the Catholic faith. Santos are
important to worship of Filipinos to not even get
dust. In the domestic realm, families tended to their
altars comprised of delicate santos placed in a
VIRIǸA, a bell-shaped glass case; or URNA, a
humbler, domestic version of a retablo, often attributed to the craftsmanship of artist from
the Visayan region.

Style is a great weapon for any artist. When developed gradually and used
correctly, it gives an artist a recognizable edge. In fact, some of our best local artists from

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National Artist awardees to creative pioneers of various movements have infused their
own souls into their work, so much so that a piece is easily recognizable as “theirs”.
The History of artist has a connection regarding to their art work for their
credentials and practices. Many scholars debate on the identity of art produced by
Filipinos. Are they 100% authentic Philippine art?. This speculation on the Filipino-ness
of works by Filipino artist is caused by our colonial history and migrant reality.
The University of the Philippine College of Fine Arts (UPCFA) is the oldest
art and design educational institution in the country . Its history traced back to the
early 19th century, when the country first art school, the Academia de Dibujo, was
founded on October 8, 1823 by Damian Domingo in Binondo Manila with the help of
sociedades (Economic society of Friends of the Country). It was closed in 1834 but
was reopened by the Spanish government eleven years later in 1845 with the support
of Queen Isabela II.
In 1908, the Philippine Assembly under the American colonial
administration enacted Act No. 1870, establishing the University of the Philippines. The
existing School of Fine Arts became one of UP’s three original founding units, along
with the Philippine General Hospital and the College of Agriculture.
The institution has so far produced National Artist for Visual Arts, the
highest state distinction given the Filipino Artist; Fernando Amorsolo, Guillermo
Tolentino, Carlos Francisco, Napoleon Abueva, Simon Flores, Lorenzo Guerrero,
Juan Luna and Felix Hidalgo.
The history of the school runs parallel not only to the history of the UP, but
also to the history of the development of Philippine art and education in the country.

Work Lorenzo Guerrero painted The

different visual art know for his,
exemplifies the use of called
chiaroscuro (is the use of
strong contrasts between light and
dark, usually bold contrasts affecting
a whole composition). Genre of the
late 19th century.

The Pampanga-born Simon

Flores also produces genre scenes. A
distinct example is the painting,
Primeras Letras, 1890, which features
a woman teaching a child how to read.
Life of a cuddlebit features the mother
and child feeding the chichken

Spoliarium Virgenes christianas expuestas al populacho

by Juan Luna by Felix Hidalgo

Another work Juan Luna's alignment with the ilustrados

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propaganda movement is evident in the painting España y Filipinas, 1886 featuring two
women ascending a flight of stairs.
The Spaniard woman “Motherland" was drawn with “wide
strong shoulders” while the Filipino woman was illustrated as “graceful”
and brown-skinned. Both were
wearing female dresses known
as traje de mestiza or "dress of the
mestiza". The dressing of the
women in traje de mestizas shows
the cultural character, class
consciousness, and social
transformations resulting from 19th
century Hispanization. Both women
have their backs to the viewer,
heading towards a far-away horizon,
while embarking on the steps of
a staircase. Side by side in the
painting, Spain was shown to be
leading the Philippines along the
path to progress and
development.

III. REINFORCEMENT ACTIVITY

What have I learned so Far?
1. Explain the main project Spanish.
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2. Differentiate the 2 kinds of komedya.
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3. What is Acamedia De Dibujo?
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I. ASSESSMENT
A. Multiple choice. Write the correct answer on the space provided.
A B
____1. Urna a. Via Crusis
____2. Spoliarium b. Gaspar Aquino de Belen
____3. Doctrina Christiana c. Altar niche
____4. Secular komedya d. grandeur
____5. 14 Paintings e. operetta

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____6. Baroque Style f. Juan Luna

____7. Zarzuelas g. Bell-glass shape
____8. Senakulo h. Letras y Figuras
____9. Vignettes i. the first printed book
____10 Retablo j. love story

I. CLOSING PRAYER
Father, we give You thanks for allowing us to have a good discussion. We ask
Your blessing upon endeavors, and upon all present today. May Your love and
grace continue to guide us, in everything that we do, today and in the future.
We Pray in Jesus name, Amen.

Prepared by:
Mr. Lois Armani Pleno
Teacher

Reviewed by:
Mr. Richard John W. Hernandez
Academic Coordinator, SHS

Approved by:
Dr. Vilma V. Esparrago
Principal, Basic Education

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