Erikson’s 8

Stage 2:
Stages of Stage 1: Infancy
Trust vs. Mistrust
Early Childhood
Stage 3:
Preschool
Psychosocial Autonomy vs Shame
Initiative vs. Guilt

Development
Erik Erikson (1902–1994) was a
stage theorist who took Freud’s
controversial theory of
psychosexual development and Stage 4: Stage 5: Stage 6:
modified it as a psychosocial theory.
Erikson emphasized that the ego School-Age Adolescence Early Adulthood
makes positive contributions to
development by mastering
Industry vs. Identity vs. Role Intimacy vs.
attitudes, ideas, and skills at each Inferiority Confusion Isolation
stage of development. This
mastery. helps children grow into
successful, contributing members
of society. During each of Erikson’s
eight stages, there is a
psychological conflict that must be
successfully overcome in order for a
child to develop into a healthy, well-
adjusted adult. Stage 7: Stage 8: Old Age
Middle Adulthood Integrity vs.
Generativity vs Despair
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_science Stagnation

Unresponsive caregivers who
do not meet their baby’s
needs can engender feelings
of anxiety, fear, and mistrust.
Infants are dependent
upon
their caregivers
Stage 1: Infancy
If infants are treated cruelly
or their needs are not met
appropriately, they will likely
Trust vs. Mistrust grow up with a sense of
mistrust for people in the
world.
From birth to 12 months of
age, infants must learn that
adults can be trusted
 This is the “me do it”
stage. The stage where we need to
they learn that they can work on the establishment of
control their actions and act their independence
on their environment to get
results.

Stage 2:
Early Childhood
Autonomy vs.
Begin to show clear
preferences for certain
Shame If denied the opportunity to
act on her environment, she
elements of the may begin to doubt her
environment, such as abilities, which could lead to
food, toys, and clothing. low self-esteem and feelings
of shame.
 Develop self-confidence
and feel a sense of
purpose.

Capable of initiating Stage 3: Preschool Experimenting stage for them

activities and asserting
control over their world Initiative vs. Guilt to their peers and behavior on
their own
through social interactions
and play.
 Stage 4:
School-Age
Industry vs.
Inferiority
Begin to compare
themselves with Develop a sense of
their peers to see pride and
how they measure accomplishment in
up. something that they do

Starts to feel inferior and

inadequate if they feel
that they don’t measure
up
 Develop sense-based Explore various roles and
knowledge and adhering ideas, set goals, and
to the idea that life gains attempt to discover their
in many ways “adult” selves.

Stage 5:
Adolescence Try on many different
Struggle with questions selves to see which
such as “Who am I?” Identity vs. Role ones fit
and “What do I want to
do with my life?” Confusion
 Stage 6:
Ready to share Early Adulthood
our
others
life with
Intimacy vs. Isolation

Starts to develop
successful intimate
Young adults may have
relationships.
trouble developing and
maintaining successful
relationships with others.
Finding your life’s work
and contributing to the Begin contributing to the
development of others next generation, often
through activities such as through childbirth and
volunteering, mentoring, caring for others
and raising children.

Stage 7:
Engage in meaningful Middle Adulthood Have little connection with
and productive work
which contributes Generativity vs others and little interest in
productivity and self-
positively to society
Stagnation improvement.
 Stage 8: Old Age
Integrity vs. Despair

Reflect on their lives

They focus on what
and feel either a
“would have,” “should
sense of satisfaction
have,” and “could
or a sense of failure
have” been.
People who feel proud
of their accomplishments
feel a sense of integrity,
and they can look back
on their lives with few
regrets