Çàìå÷àòåëüíûå ïðåäåëû

îò ìàëîãî äî âåëèêîãî îäèí øàã.

Ïîñëîâèöà.

1. Íàéäèòå çíà÷åíèÿ ñëåäóþùèõ ïðåäåëîâ:

√ √
sin(x − a) sin x − sin a 1 − cos 8x 3− x+3
(a) lim ; (b) lim ; ( ) lim ; (d) lim ;
x→a a−x x→a x−a x→0 5x2 x→0 sin 2x

cos αx − cos βx x2 arcsin x

(e) lim ; (f) lim √ √ ; (g) lim .
x→0 x tg(γx) x→0 1 + x sin x − cos x x→0 x

2. Ïîéìèòå, ÷òî îçíà÷àåò çàïèñü: sin x = x + ō(x), tg x = x + ō(x), cos x = 1 − x2 /2 + ō(x2 /2), (1 + x)α =
1 + αx + ō(x), α ∈ R. Âñå ðàâåíñòâà ïðè âûïîëíåíû ïðè x → 0. Äëÿ ýòîãî ïîäóìàéòå, âåðíî ëè, ÷òî x2 = ō(x)
ïðè x → 0? À âåðíî ëè, ÷òî x = ō(x2 )?
Óêàçàíèå.

f (x)
f (x) = ō(g(x)) ïðè x → x0 åñëè lim f (x) = 0, lim g(x) = 0 , lim = 0.
x→x0 x→x0 x→x0 g(x)

3. Äîêàæèòå, ÷òî
 √ √   √ √ 
(a) lim sin x + 1 − sin x = 0; (b) lim cos x + 1 − cos x = 0.
x→∞ x→∞

4. Âû÷èñëèòå ïðåäåë èëè äîêàæèòå ðàñõîäèìîñòü

1 sin mx
lim x sin ; (b) lim
(a) ;
x→0x x→π sin nx
√
√
√

1 − cos x cos 2x cos 3x 1 − x 1 − 3 x ... 1 − n x
( ) lim . (d) lim .
x→0 1 − cos x x→1−0 (1 − x)n−1

5. Íàéäèòå ñëåäóþùèå ïðåäåëû:

 x + a x  x2 + 1 x2  x2 − 1  x−1  1 + x  1−√x

x+1 1−x
(a) lim ; (b) lim ; ( ) lim ; (d) lim .
x→+∞ x−a x→∞ x2 − 2 x→∞ x2 + 1 x→+∞ 2+x