11

INTRODUCTION TO

PHILOSOPHY OF THE

HUMAN PERSON
1st Quarter: Module 8

Rogelio DG. Burce

Marlon Tiña
Module Writer

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

HUMSS – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 6
First Edition, 2020

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 11
Introduction to
Philosophy of the
Human Person
Quarter 1 – Module 8
HUMAN PERSON AS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT II
(Different views on man’s transcendence)
 This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed
by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities.
We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education
at action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Content Standard
The learner understand the human person as an embodied spirit.
Performance Standard
The learner distinguishes his/her own limitations and possibilities

for her/his transcendence.

Most Essential Learning (Week 8)

Evaluate own limitations and the possibilities for their transcendence.

Learning Competency

 Understand the meaning of man’s transcendence.

 Value the significance of man’s transcendence.

Learning Objectives

At the end of this module the students will be able to;

Understand different views on man’s transcendence.

Distinguish divisions of beliefs on man’s continued existence.

Value the significant manifestations of man’s transcendence.

EXPECTATION
  This module is intended to you learners of Grade 11 General
Academic Strand classes specifically in your course subject
Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person.
 The lesson included in your module teaches you meaning of man’s
transcendence.
 It also helps you to identify different views on man’s transcendence
and its significant manifestations. In this module there are activities
that will guide you to better understand your lesson.

Are you ready and excited? Let’s start…

PRE-TEST

Multiple Choice: Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of your correct
answer on the following.
1. They were known as ancient proponent of dualism.
a. Babylonians b. Greek c. Hebrew d. Persian
2. The number of views on man’s transcendence.
a. two b. three c. four d. five
3. The following religions believe in the existence of soul and hell except _____.
a. Islam b. Christianity c. Buddhist d.
Judaism
4. Human beings are considered as one entity with two distinct parts.
a. duality b. dualism c. monism d.
divinism
5. The body and the soul are seen as incompatible substances that coexist in
constant tension.
a. duality b. dualism c. monism d.
divinism
6. It considered death not as an end but only the beginning of a new kind of life
a. monism b. materialist c. non-materialist d. monotheist
7. This believes that there are no nonmaterial entities such as spirit and demons.
a. monism b. materialist c. non-materialist d. monotheist
8. It is the way dualism looks at the relationship of body and spirit.
a. convention b. complementary c. completion d. contradiction
9. It is the way duality looks at the relationship of body and spirit.
a. contradiction b. convention c. completion d.
complementary
10. The following are significant manifestations of man’s transcendence on earth
except _________.
a. biological b. social c. spiritual d. morals

LOOKING BACK

What really store for us!

Arrange the scramble letters to find the correct answer and give their basic definition.
Correct Word Meaning
1. REPNOS Generally refers to human being
granted recognition of certain rights.
Protection, responsibility and dignity.
2. IGIDTYN An innate right to be valued and
respected.
3. RITYINTEORI Quality of being focused on one’s inner
life and identity.

INTRODUCTION OF THE LESSON

Can we live beyond!
An important part of man’s nature as transcendence is his
permanence even after death. “Is man a spirit just dwelling in the body?” Or “Is
man a body simply having spirit?” Will he continue to exist after his life on earth?
What does it meant that man is an embodied spirit? That wRill be an important
question to be answered in this lesson.

What really happens?

I. Division – Man’s Perspectives

1. Materialist – This believes that there are no nonmaterial entities such as spirit,
ghost, demons, and God because the sole reality is matter and everything is a
manifestation of its activity.

2. Non-materialist – This emphasizes that man composed of more than material

aspect. Some believe that humans are primarily a spirit being dwelt in the body
while others simply taught that he or she is a body with a spirit. Thus, it
considered death not as an end but only the beginning of a new kind of life on or
beyond the present earthly life. Almost every religion has their own interpretations
on this experience based in their sacred writings. Monotheistic religions such as
Judaism, Islam and Christianity have the similarities with the idea of soul or spirit
and body with heaven and hell. While polytheistic and eastern religion expounded
continued existence after death with reincarnation, transmigrations and other
related beliefs.

II. Destiny: Man’s Permanence

1. Two views on man’s transcendence

a. Dualism: contradictory – In Greek dualistic theories the body and the soul are
seen as incompatible substances that coexist in constant tension. They are
fundamentally incompatible. Usually it asserts that there is something inherently
evil or imperfect about anything physical and sees the body as an evil container for
pure soul. Thus, death is a time for ultimate deliverance from the body when soul
is finally released from the prison house of the flesh.

b. Duality: complementary – Human beings are considered as one entity with two
distinct parts united by God’s act of creation. The body is created good and not
inherently evil, yet it suffers from moral corruption just like the soul. Christianity
teaches redemption of the body not from the body.

2. Significance - The issue on man’s transcendence has always a moral

significance even during the ancient times. For it implies the question, “Why be
good if immortality falls equally to the just and the unjust? which in turn suggests
that good conduct should be motivated by hope of a reward. To deny the existence
of God and the immortality of the soul has seemed to imply that there can be no
objective or absolute moral order in the universe.

III. Development – Man’s Progress

Man’s transcendence has never been strictly contained with the idea of
otherworld but can also be applied in the present earthly condition through its
different significant manifestations.
a. Biological - This type of man’s continued existence means that we survive our
own death in the persons of our children, grandchildren and grandchildren’s
children down through the generations. Dealing in strictly biological concepts, this
view stresses the fact that each living organism is a temporary repository for the
germ plasm. The individual’s life is merely a stewardship, which upon his death is
surrendered and handed.

b. Social - In this case survival consists of our continued existence after death in
the memories of our family and friends. Such a view emphasizes that those
individuals who contribute most to society are the ones who survive longest
socially. Whatever we have done in the way of goodness and kindness survives our
lifetime, and those who have been the recipients of our good will shall rise up to
keep our memories stay.

c. Moral - This view might be called moral immortality because it implies a notion
on life as continued struggle between the forces of evil and the forces of good. It
finds it hard to believe that a lifetime of moral struggle and social good will have its
only end in the grave. By this way most people can continually get strong
motivations and inspirations to fight in any earthy moral battles.

What’s More?

Activity 1: How would like to be remembered?

List some significant achievement in different areas of your life in which
you want to be remembered by those different people who live with for a long time.

People in your life Your Achievements

1. By your family

2. By your friends

3. By your neighborhood
Guide Questions;
1. Among the achievements which you listed which do think is most significant?
Why?

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

2. What are some other things that you still want to achieve in the future? Explain.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

ConVerse Me with the Bible or Koran!

Activity 2-

Almost all religions have their own way of explaining or proving Man’s
immortality. Read and search the Bible or Koran to find some of supporting verse
which can be found there. Write it in the space provided in the table.

Verses Statement
(Chapter and
 verse/s
1.

2.

3.

Activity 3: Balancing Two Opposing Views on Reality

Complete the table by stating at least two advantages and disadvantages for
each views on reality.

Two Opposing Views Evaluation

Disadvantages Advantages
1. Materialist 1. _______________ 1. _______________
2. _______________ 2. _______________

2. Non-materialist 1. _______________ 1. _______________

2. _______________ 2. _______________

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

What I CAN Do?

Write M if the word or statement refers to Materialist NM, if to Non-materialist,

DM, if Dualism and DT, if Duality.

_______ 1. The spirit belongs to heaven while the body belongs to earth.
_______ 2. Let us be drink and be merry for tomorrow we will die.
_______ 3. Since there is no afterlife, just accept “whatever will be, it will be.”
_______ 4. Body should be punish and neglected.
_______ 5. Love your body as well as your spirit.
_______ 6. Man’s body is important because it is the temple of the Spirit.
_______ 7. Every matter like the body is bad and evil.
_______ 8. There is life after death.
_______ 9. Reincarnation and transmigrations are some of its beliefs.
_______ 10. Everything has only physical and/or material explanation.
B. Identify what kind of significant manifestations on man’s transcendence being
mentioned in the statement.
11._____ This type of man’s continued existence means that we survive our own
death in the persons of our children.
12._____ It finds it hard to believe that a lifetime of moral struggle and social good
will have its only end in the grave.
13._____ Those who have been the recipients of our good will shall rise up to keep
our memories stay.
14._____ This view stresses the fact that each living organism is a temporary
repository for the germ plasm.
15._____ In this case survival consists of our continued existence after death in the
memories of our family and friends

ENRICHMENT

Well done! You are almost done becoming a good oriented person. Kindly
answer the following questions based in your own personal understanding.

1. As student, how can you make you make your existence meaningful and
productive?
_______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
2. How can you explain this quotation by R.D.G. Burce as related with our topic,
“Live as if you’re nearly dying so that when you died as if you’re still living.”

_____________________________________________________________________________

Inihanda ni;
Mr. Rogelio D.G Burce
Bagong Barrio Senior High School
Teacher 1

Referrences:

Mga Sanggunian:

Powell, Michael, “Brain Boosting,”Pragon Books Ltd..UK.2014

Papineau, David “Philosophy-Theories and great Thinkers,” Shelter Harbor Press. USA. 2009
Mead, Hunter, “Types and Problems of Philosophy,” Holt, Rinehat and Winston Publishing. USA. 1965
Angeles, Peter, A. “HarperCollins Dictionary of Philosophy” Harper Collins Publishing.USA.1992

Answers Key
PRE-TEST REVIEW EVALUATION

1. B 1. PERSON 1. NM 11. BIOLOGICAL

2. A 2. DIGNITY 2. M 12. MORAL
3. C 3. INTERIORITY 3. M 13. SOCIAL
4. A 4. DM 14. BIOLOGICAL
5. B 5. DT 15. SOCIAL
6. DT
6. C
7. DM
7. B 8. NM
8. D 9. NM
10. D 10. M