Department of Education

Bureau of Learning Delivery

Teaching and Learning Division

Supplementary Learning Modules

for Senior High School Learners

Grade Level: Grade 11/12

Core Subject: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human
Persons

Semester: First/ Second Semester (WEEK 7)

 THE HUMAN PERSON IN SOCIETY

Learning Competencies: At the end of the module, you should be

able to:
7.1 Recognize how individuals form societies and how individuals are
transformed by societies PPT11/12-IIf-7.1
7.2. Compare different forms of societies and individualities (eg. Agrarian,
industrial and virtual
PPT11/12-IIg-7.2
7.3. Explain how human relations are transformed by social systems
PPT11/12-IIg-7.3

Lesson 7. The Human Person in Society

7.1 Evaluate the Formation of Human Relationship
and How Individuals are shaped by
their Social Context
7.2 The Social Contract Theory
7.3 Forms of Societies

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 EVALUATE THE FORMATION OF HUMAN RELATIONSHIP AND HOW
INDIVIDUALS ARE SHAPED BY THEIR SOCIAL CONTEXT

1. Facebook & other social media might lead to depression.

2. Most of the time , we post our smiling faces & vacation ( less attractive & less
secure about our own status )
3. We tend to compare how many likes our posts generated (comparison-dissatisfied)
4. Social networking sites may disconnect users than connect people.

Society
• A society is an organized group of people whose members interact frequently and
have a common territory and culture.
• It also refers to a companionship or friendly association with others an alliance, a
community, or a union.

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WHAT DRIVES HUMAN TO ESTABLISH SOCIETIES?

• The human person exists to relate others. The

person is by nature a social being because he
has the tendency to go out of himself to form
bonds and relationship with others.
• Our freedom gives us the opportunity to
pursue various activities to achieve our goals
and attain well-being happiness.
• Society also makes possible the emergence of
certain individuals .The survival of a human
being is essentially rooted in a society and
human relations.
• Example: Filipinos value family ties with
family members .Western families send
elderly to retirement homes.

THE SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY

• Thomas Hobbes - Persons in their natural
states are governed by their desires and
these often lead to conflict with their
fellowmen.

• John Locke -Considered persons in their natural states as more cooperative and
reasonable, and that society is formed through the consent of the individuals that
organized it.

• Jean Jacques Rousseau – Advocated the concept

of the general will.
• John Rawls – Redefined the social contract and
explained that human beings approach social
cooperation in a rational manner in order to meet
their individual self -interest.

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 • David Gauthier- Described people self- interest as a
significant factor in building and maintaining societies.

Forms of Societies

1. Medieval Period (500-1500 CE)

- Feudalism- a way of life
Church was the strongest single influence in Europe Center is FAITH
(St. Anselm : I do not seek insight of Reason in order to believe. I believe
in order to gain insight)
- FAITH & REASON

2. Modern Period (1500-1800 CE)

- Modern Philosophy-attack on the rejection of Middle Age
- Protestant ethic & modern capitalism
- Experimentation, observation & application of Math & science set the
standards for philosophic inquiry.
- rationalism- view that "regards reason as the chief source and test of
knowledge"
- naturalism- "idea or belief that only natural (as opposed to supernatural
or spiritual)
laws and forces operate in the world."

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 3. GLOBALIZATION & TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS
- multilateral interactions among global system
- Introduction to invention- Industrial Revolution
- IR-changed people’s way of life
- AI-Artificial Intelligence-smarter than people
- The science & engineering of making intelligent machines
- Society is influenced by technology
- Modern technology has sacrificed humanity & world together leading to
their destruction
- Science & Technology is not a single phenomenon. On the Other hand they
have become ideology

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF SOCIETIES?

• Hunting and Gathering Societies-

the earliest and simplest form of
society It is generally
characterized by its small size
and its composed mainly of
families.

• Pastoral Society –
characterized by the domestication
of animals for food for a more
stable and predictable food supply.

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 • Horticultural Society- primarily
engages in the small scale cultivation of
plants, fruits and vegetables and
domestication of animals.

• Agrarian or Agricultural
Society- This type of society is
further evolution of the pastoral
and horticultural societies.
Agriculture involves the large
scales and long- term cultivation
of crops and domestication of
animals. This society is
characterized by improved
technology and the use of tools to
aid farming. Improved technology
and farming methods result in
increased production, giving rise
to a growing population in
agricultural societes. The large population of agricultural societies led to a more
structured social system. That helps manage resource and its members. The
increasingly complex social organization and growing importance of territory often
result in conflicts among neighbor societies over resource and land.
• Industrial Society- Is based
on the use of specialized
machinery in the production
of goods and services. The
advances in science and
technology in the late 18th
century resulted in the
Industrial Revolution,
which in turn gave rise to
new production and
industrial methods, as well
as innovations, in
transportation and
communication. The
capitalists or business
owners are considered the
most influential. This type
of society is also characterized by cultural diversity and the presence of
bureaucratic forms of organization.
• Post-Industrial Society- I marked by the establishment of societies based on
knowledge, information, and the sale of services. Led by the human mind and

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 aided by highly advanced
technology, the trend has
shifted from industry to the
generation, storage,
manipulation, and sale of
information. Information
influences the behavior of
people and has thus become a
very important commodity in
the post- industrial society.

HOW DOES SOCIETY INFLUENCE OUR DEVELOPMENT AS PERSONS?

The persons and the society have a very dynamic relationship in which one cannot exist
without the other. Because of this, it is important to consider society’s role in the growth
and development of a person, and the person’s role in transforming society.
• Society is the backdrop by which we adopt the prevailing culture, identity, values,
ideas and knowledge of the persons, groups, and communities that surround us.
• Society influences the interactions of its members through the establishment of
norms, which are set of traits and behavior that society considers acceptable and
are thus encouraged and passed on the other members.
• Laws in our society, which are more formal and stringent norms, define acceptable
behavior of our citizens.
• Society also transforms human relations, which leads to the transformation of its
members. A person will undertake various social roles as he continually interacts
with other members of society.

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 Heidegger begins "The Question Concerning Technology" by
examining the relationship between humans and technology,
a relationship Heidegger calls a "free relationship". If this
relationship is free, it "opens our human existence to the
essence of technology". This essence of technology, however,
has nothing to do with technology. Rather, as Heidegger
suggests, "the essence of a thing is considered to be what the
thing is".
Martin Heidegger

Task 1:

THINK
Reflect on how your relationships and roles in society have changed
throughout your life. Copy the table below and complete it by writing the
required information.

Period I often relate to the I performed the

following groups following roles

Early Childhood
Elementary
High School

What significant changes have you noticed in your relationships with others throughout
your life? What role did society play in these changes?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
…….

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Task 2:
Direction: Explain the following statements and give concrete examples. Write your
inputs in your notebook.

1. The relationship of individuals and societies

2. Human relations are transformed by social systems

Task 3:
Choose a partner and complete the table below.

INDIVIDUAL’S BEHAVIOR SOCIETAL NORMS

Task 4: Answer the following questions:

1. Aside from computers, what are other latest technological inventions and how can these
contribute to humanity’s welfare?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. How does technology transform the way we live?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. In three to five sentences, define modernization?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. What is globalization? How does this affect us?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Answer Keys:

Task 1- Answer may vary

Task 2-Answer may vary

Task 3- Answer may vary

Task 4-Answer may vary

Page 10 of 14
 Glossary

Agrarian or Agricultural Society- This type of society is further evolution of the pastoral
and horticultural societies.

John Locke - Considered persons in their natural states as more

cooperative and reasonable, and that society is formed
through the consent of the individuals that organized it.

Horticultural Society- Primarily engages in the small scale cultivation of

plants, fruits and vegetables and domestication of
animals.

Hunting and Gathering Societies- The earliest and simplest form of society

Jean Jacques Rousseau – Advocate the concept of the general will.

John Rawls – Redefined the social contract and explained that human
beings approach social cooperation in a rational manner
in order to meet their individual self – interest.

Medieval Period
(500-1500 CE) Feudalism-
Church was the strongest single influence in Europe
Center is FAITH (St. Anselm: I do not seek insight of
Reason in order to believe. I believe in order to gain
insight)

Modern Period (1500-1800 CE) Modern Philosophy-attack on the rejection of Middle Age
Protestant ethic & modern capitalism

Pastoral Society – Characterized by the domestication of animals for food

for a more stable and predictable food supply.

Thomas Hobbes – Persons in their natural states are governed by their desires
and these often lead to conflict with their fellowmen

Society- Is an organized group of people whose members interact

frequently and have a common territory and culture.

Page 11 of 14
 References

Bogliolo, Louis. Philosophical Anthropology. Shillong: Sacred Heart Theological College,

1984.

Boon, J.A. “Anthropology, Ethnology and Religion.” The Encyclopaedia of Religion. Vol.1.
New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1987, 308-317.

Donceel, J.F. Philosophical Anthropology. New York: Sheed and Ward, 1967.
Mondin, Battista. Philosophical Anthropology. Bangalore: Theological Publications of India,
1998.

Munro, R. “Anthropology.” Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics. Vol.1. Edinburgh: T & T

Clark, 1925, 561-573.

Ramos, C.C. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person. Rex Book Store. First
Edition.

Rescher, Nicholas (2011). Philosophical Reasoning: A Study in Methodology of

Philosophizing. (1ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.

Shapiro, H.L. “Anthropology.” Encyclopaedia Judaica. Vol. 3. Jerusalem: Keter Publishing

House, 1974, 37-50.

Bogliolo, Louis. Philosophical Anthropology. Shillong: Sacred Heart Theological College,

1984.

Boon, J.A. “Anthropology, Ethnology and Religion.” The Encyclopaedia of Religion. Vol.1.
New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1987, 308-317.

Donceel, J.F. Philosophical Anthropology. New York: Sheed and Ward, 1967.

Mondin, Battista. Philosophical Anthropology. Bangalore: Theological Publications of India,

1998.

https://www.marxists.org/reference

Copi, Irvin M. and Cohen, Carl, Introduction to Logic, New York: Prentice Hall International
Inc. / Macmillian Publishing Company, 1994;

Cronkite, Walter, A Reporter’s Life, United States of America: Alfred A. Knopf / Random
House of Canada Limited, 1996;

Cruz, Corazon L., Philosophy of Man, Third Edition, Mandaluyong City, National Book
Store, 1995;

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Garcia, Leovino, Some Notes towards a Narrative Ethics, Philosophical Association of the
Philippines Conference Paper, 2000;

Kong, Francis J., One Day At A Time: A Daily Dose of Inspiration for the Man at Work,
Book 4, Philippines: Business Matters Publishing, 2002.

Limbaugh, Rush, See, I Told You So, New York: Pocket Books / Simon and Schuster, Inc.,
1993;

Maboloc, Christopher Ryan B., Philosophy of Man: The Existential Drama, Manila: Rex
Book Store, Inc., 2009;

Montemayor, Felix M., Introduction to Philosophy through the Philosophy of Man,

Mandaluyong City: National Book Store, 2007;

Zulueta, Francisco M., Introduction to Philosophy, Mandaluyong City: National Book Store,
The Socratic/Dialectical Method: Socrates

Kreeft, Peter (2010). Socratic Logic: A Logic Text using Socratic Method, Platonic
Questions, and Aristotelian (3 ed.). Saint Agustines Press. Phoenix, AZ.

Abella, Roberto. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person .C & E Publishing, Inc.

https://www.facebook.com/introductiontothephilosophyofthehumanperson/videos/180092713
0118886/

https://www.facebook.com/introductiontothephilosophyofthehumanperson/videos/179402901
7475364/

https://www.facebook.com/introductiontothephilosophyofthehumanperson/videos/180134370
6743895/

Prepared by:

JUNAL M. MARCON, PhD

Master Teacher I
Schools Division of Passi City
Region VI

Evaluated by:

NESCEL P. PANES, PhD MA. LENNIE F. PAMPOSA, PhD

Education Program Supervisor Education Program Supervisor
Schools Division of Passi City Schools Division of Passi City
Region VI Region VI

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