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Points / Parallel Lines / Triangles QA - 26
CEX-Q-0227/21
Number of questions : 30
1. Distance between A and B is 10 cm. Distance 3. Lines L, M and N are parallel to each other.
between B and C is 12 cm. The length AC T is a transversal to L, M, N.
lies in the range a AC b. What are the
It makes intercepts of 5 and 7 between L, M
values of a, b?
and M, N respectively. S is another transversal
2. Find all the Unknown Angles in the three such that it makes an intercept 18 between
figures below: L, N. What is the intercept between M, N?
B D
60° p 4. Match the following:
E y r F
More than 1 in the column 2 could be correct
160°
x s matched with those in column 1.
A G
C
Which of the following in column 1 are
Figure-1
A
matched with the entries in column 2 or the
E triangle PQR, where X is the exterior angle of
Angle R.
1
B 70° Column 1 Column 2
1
2
3
F 1 If P = 60°, then Q + R is A 30
1 2 If P = 30°, Q = 120°, then B 60
C 2 X=
3 1
2 G 3 PQR is an Isosceles C 45
3
triangle and Q is obtuse,
80° then among the value sin
D 1 column 2, R can take
H value/s
4 Angles Q > P > R where D 70
P, R are acute. Then Q
Figure-2 can take values
5 PR is the shortest side. If E 90
O Q can be any of
M
50° 6 If P = 30°, and the ratio of F 120
d sides p to r is 1 : 2, then
P e c Q
140° Q=
a 7 Ratio of two sides is 1 : 3 . G 150
b
L N R The larger angle opposite
to these sides could be
Figure-3
QA - 26 Page 1
5. Match the following: 9. Find the angles a and b
More than 1 in the column 2 could be correct
matched with those in column 1. a
44°
Which of the following in column 1 are
matched with the entries in column 2 or the
triangle PQR, where X is the exterior angle of
Angle R. 130°
60° b
Column 1 Column 2 A B
1 PQ = 10 cm, QR = 4 cm. A 4
PR cannot be 10. Given that HD || GE and GF || HE. Find the
2 PQR is a right angled B 6 measure of the FGE.
triangle with integer sides,
with PR as hypotenuse. D
Then the smallest side of
100°
the triangle cannot be H
3 Ratio of the altitudes of the C 8 25°
triangle with integer sides is E
1 : 1/2 : 3/5. The shortest
side can be ______ units
4 PQ = PR = 5. QR = 6. If QR D 9 G
is the base, height of the F
triangle is (1) 50° (2) 35°
5 P is obtuse. The height of E 10
the vertex Q from base PR
(3) 25° (4) 55°
is 6. Height from P to base (5) 45°
QR could be
6 PQR is an obtuse angled F 12 11. How many triangles with altitudes 6, 8 and x
triangle. PQ = 6, QR = 8; can be formed such that x is an integer?
If PR is the longest side, (1) 20 (2) 9
PR can be
7 The sides of PQR are 8, 15, G 15
(3) 11 (4) 19
17. 20 % of its area can be
12. In quadrilateral PQRS, PQ = 5 units, QR
6. Find the height of a rectangular box of length = 17 units, RS = 5 units, and PS = 9 units.
8 cm, width 6 cm where the length of a The length of the diagonal QS can be: (XAT)
diagonal is 11 cm. (1) > 10 and < 12 (2) > 12 and < 14
(3) > 14 and < 16 (4) > 16 and < 18
7. Find the value of x in the given figure. (5) Cannot be determined
f B D
C
42° (1) BCA = CAD
(2) CBA = CDA
50° e
e
(3) AD = CD
50°
A B (4) BC is shorter than CD
(5) AD = AC
Page 2 QA - 26
14. In the figure given below, ABC = 45°, ACB 17. A ladder of length 65 m rests against a wall. If
= 120° and BC = 20 cm. AD is drawn its top end slips 8 m down the wall, then by
perpendicular on BC such that it meets BC how many metres will the bottom move away
produced at D. Find the length of AD. from the wall? Initially, the bottom end is 25
3 1 m away from the wall.
sin 15
2 2 (1) 26 m (2) 39 m
(3) 12 m (4) 18 m
B
(5) 14 m
45°
18. A, B and C of a triangle are in arithmetic
120° 20 progression. Which of the following is definitely
A true? (a, b, c are the lengths of the sides
C opposite to A, B and C respectively)
(1) 10 3 3
(2) 10 3 – 3 (1) a2 + b2 = c2 + ab
(2) b2 + c2 = a2 + bc
(3) 5 3 + 3
(4) 5 3 – 3 (3) c2 + a2 = b2 + ac
(5) 10 3+ 2 (4) a2 + b2 = c2
15. In the given figure PQ = PR and NQ = QR. 19. Consider obtuse-angled triangles with sides
If QPY = 140° and MN is parallel to QR, 8 cm, 15 cm and x cm. If x is an integer, then
then find the measure of the MNQ. how many such triangles exist? (CAT)
Y (1) 5 (2) 21
(3) 10 (4) 15
140° P (5) 14
QA - 26 Page 3
22. In ABC, points P, Q and R are on sides
5
AB, BC and CA respectively such that AP : (3) AQ2 + CP2 = AC2
PB = 2 : 3, BQ : QC = 5 : 4, CR : RA = 3 : 4. 4
If the area of PQR = 78 sq. cm, then find the 6
area of ABC. (4) AQ2 + CP2 = AC2
5
A (5) None of these
Page 4 QA - 26
Solutions CEX-Q-0227/21
QA - 26 : Geometry - 1
1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 4
11 1 12 2 13 3 14 1 15 5 16 3 17 5 18 3 19 3 20 -
21 1 22 1 23 3 24 - 25 5 26 3 27 4 28 - 29 2 30 4
1. In case A, B, and C are in a straight line, the length of Figure 2: To find the unknown angles in the given
AC will be either 2 or 22. figure:
By Triangle Inequality Theorem, which states that 1 = FBC = 70°
the sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle
( 1 and FBC are alternate angles)
must be greater than the third.
AB + BC > AC 22 > AC …(i) 2 = 180° – 1 – 70° = 40°
(sum of the 3 angles of a triangle is 180°)
AB + AC > BC AC > 2 …(ii)
3 = 180° – 1 – 2 = 180° – 110° = 70°
Combining (i) and (ii) we get 2 AC 22.
( 1, 2 and 3 are supplementary angles)
2. B
D
60° p
E F O
y r M
160° x
s 50° d
G P Q
A C e
140° c
Figure 1: To find the unknown angles in the given
figure: a
b
x = ABC = 60° L N R
( x and ABC are alternate angles)
Figure 3: To find the unknown angles in the given
s = 90° – x = 90° – 60° = 30° figure:
( s and x are complimentary angles)
c = LPQ = 140°
r = 160° ( c and LPQ are alternate angles)
( r and AFC are alternate angles)
e = 180° – c = 180° – 140° = 40°
p = 180° – r = 180° – 160° = 20° ( e and c are supplementary angles)
( p and r are supplementary angles)
d = e = 40°
y = p = 20° ( d and e are opposite angles)
( y and p are opposite angles)
a = PMN = 50°
A
( a and PMN are alternate angles)
E b = 90° – a = 90° – 50° = 40°
( a and b are complimentary angles)
1
B
70° 1
2 F
3
1
C 2
3 1
2 G
3
80°
D 1
H
QA - 26 Page 1
T Hence, the larger angle can take values 60° or
3. S
sin P
150°. But for 150°, =1: 3 will not be
A sin Q
L
satisfied. So the only value for the larger angle
is 60°.
5 x
M 5. 1 (A, B, G)
D E Triangle Inequality Theorem states that the sum
of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle
18 – x must be greater than the third.
7
Given PQ = 10 cm, QR = 4 cm. Hence, PR is
greater than 6 and less than 14. So PR cannot
N
take values 4, 6 or 15.
B C 2 (A, C)
Given that PQR is a right angled triangle with
W hen two (or more) transversals cut a series of integer sides, with PR as hypotenuse.
parallel lines, the ratios of their intercepts are equal Clearly PR is not the smallest side. Let us explore
in each of the transversals. the Pythagorean Triplets having the above
5 mentioned numbers
AD : DB = AE : EC AE = × 18 = 7.5 units.
s. In (3, 4, 5), 4 is not the smallest side also 4 does
12
not occur in any other triplet.
In (6, 8, 10), 6 is the smallest side whereas 8 is
4. 1(F) If P = 60°, then Q + R = 180° – 60° = 120° not, also 8 does not occur in any other triplet
(sum of the 3 angles of a triangle is 180°) where it could have been the smallest side.
2(G) If P = 30°, Q = 120°, then X = 30° + 120° = 150° In (9, 40, 41) and (9, 12, 15), 9 is the smallest
(by Exterior angle theorem) side.
3(A) PQR is an Isosceles triangle and Q is obtuse, In (10, 24, 26), 10 is the smallest side.
therefore P and R are equal. We know that the In (12, 16, 20), 12 is the smallest side.
sum of the 3 angles of a triangle is 180° and Q In (15, 20, 25), 15 is the smallest side.
is greater than 90°, so the values that P and R Hence, PR cannot take values 4 or 8.
can take will be less than 45°. Hence, among 3 (B, D, F, G)
the values in column 2, R can take the value In any triangle the longes t altitude is
30°. perpendicular to the s hortest s ide of the
4(D, E, F, G)
triangle.
Given that angles Q > P > R where P, R are
acute. Q cannot take values A, B and C because 1
the sum of the three angles will be less than That is because Area of a triangle is × base
2
180°. Hence, if Q takes any of the values in D, E, × height.
F and G, then none of the conditions are violated. It is given that the ratio of the altitudes of the
5(A, C)
Given that PR is the shortest side. So the angle 1 3
opposite to it should be the smallest. If Q takes triangle with integer sides is 1 :
: = 10 : 5 : 6.
2 5
any value other than 30° or 45°, then PR may We can say that in triangle PQR, the condition
not remain the shortest side. 10 × PQ = 5 × QR = 6 × PR should be satisfied
6(B) Given that P = 30° and the ratio of sides p to r is with integral values of PQ, QR and PR.
1 : 2, then by law of sines we have: (Assuming PQ to be the smallest side)
2
sin R = sin 30° × =1 PQ QR PR
1
R = 90° Q = 60° 6 12 10
(since the sum of the 3 angles of a triangle is 9 18 15
180°)
12 24 20
7(B) Given that ratio of two sides is 1: 3 . Let the
two sides be p and q. 15 30 25
p
By law of sines we have: sin P = × sin Q For, 4, 8 and 10 we do not get integral values
q
for all three sides of the triangle.
sin P Hence, the smallest side can take values 6, 9,
sin Q = 1: 3.
12 and 15.
Page 2 QA - 26
4 (A) Given that PQ = PR = 5. QR = 6. If QR is the
base, then the line joining the mid-point of QR to 8. D
P is the height of the triangle, because PQR is
an isosceles triangle.Hence, using Pythagoras
f
theorem, the height of the triangle = 52 32
= 4.
5 (A) Given that P is obtuse and the height of the A
vertex Q from base PR is 6.
1 42°
Area of PQR = × (Height from P × base QR)
2
1
= × (Height from Q × base PR) 50°
2 e
50° e
Since P is obtuse, QR will be the longest side.
So, P will be the altitude with the smallest length, B C
which will definitely be less than 6. Hence, the
only value possible for the altitude from P to QR Using exterior angle theorem
is 4. In triangle ABC, 2e = 142° e = 71°
6 (E) Given that PQR is an obtuse angled triangle and Again using exterior angle theorem
PQ = 6, QR = 8; In triangle DBC, 50° + f = 71° f = 21°.
The Triangle Inequality Theorem states that the
sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle
must be greater than the third. So the range of 9. A
values for side PR lies between 2 and 14. Hence,
PR cannot take the value 15. a
44°
For PR = 10, the triangle is right angled and for
PR < 10 it will not be obtuse angled. So PR can
only take value 12.
7 (F) Given that the sides of PQR are 8, 15, 17.
This is a Pythagorean triplet, hence area of
1
triangle PQR = × (8 × 15) = 60
2 130° 60° b
20% of the area of triangle PQR = 20% of C
B D
60 = 12.
Sum of the three angles of a triangle is 180°.
6. Length of diagonal of a cubical box = l2 b2 h2 In triangle ADC, b = 180° – 60° – 44° = 76°
Height = Using exterior angle theorem
121 64 36 21 = 4.58.
In triangle ABC, 130° = a + 44° + 76° a = 10°.
7. A
10. 4 D
100°
8 55°
H 25°
x 35° E
55°
35°
C 90°
B 4 D 2
90°
G
Using Pythagoras theorem F
QA - 26 Page 3
11. 1 A
14. 1 B
E
F 45°
20
B C 120°
D A 15°
In the given figure, let AD, BE and CF be the altitudes of C
the triangles.
Let AD = x, BE = 6, CF = 8, BC = a, CA = b and AB = c.
1
We know that area of triangle is × base × height. D
2
1 1 1 In ABC,
So × BC × AD = × AC × BE = × AB × CF
2 2 2 AC BC
1 1 1
×a×x= ×b×6= ×c×8 sin45 sin15
2 2 2
ax = 6b = 8c = k(say) 20 sin 45 20.2 2
k k k
AC
sin15
2 3 1
or AC 20
3 1
a= , b= and c =
x 6 8 Now, in right angled ADC,
Now we know that b – c < a < b + c
k k k k k
AD = AC sin60° 20 3 1 23 = 10 3 3 cm.
6 8 x 6 8 15. 5 In PQR, QPY = PQR + PRQ = 140°
24 Also, PQR = PRQ [ PQ = PR]
< x < 24. So total 20 values.
7 140
PRQ 70
2
12. 2 In a triangle, the sum of two sides is always greater In QNR, QNR = QRN = 70° ( QN = QR)
than the third side.
NQR = 180° – 2 × 70° = 40°
In PSQ, MNQ = NQR = 40°. (Alternate angles are equal.)
QS < PQ + PS
QS < 5 + 9
QS < 14 …(i)
E
Also, the difference between any two sides is less 16. 3
than the third side.
In QRS,
QS > QR – RS
C
QS > 17– 5 96°
QS > 12 …(ii) x
Combining (i) and (ii),we get, 12 < QS < 14. 180 – 2y
x y y
A
D B
13. 3 A
Page 4 QA - 26
Case II:
17. 5
8 I A
x
h II 15 cm
90°
B 8 cm C
Alternative method:
The three sides of the obtuse triangle are 8 cm, 15 cm B Q C
and x cm. As 15 is greater than 8, hence either x or 15 AR 4
ARB ABC ABC
will be the largest side of this triangle. Consider two AC 7
cases:
AP 2 4 8
APR ARB ABC ABC
Case I: AB 5 7 35
A QC QC RC
Similarly, QRC BRC ABC
BC BC CA
15 cm 4 3 4
x ABC ABC
9 7 21
90°
B C BQ BQ BP
8 cm Also, BPQ BPC ABC
BC BC AB
Consider the right ABC above, 5 3 ABC
ABC
2 2
x 15 8 12.68 cm 9 5 3
For all values of x < 12.68, the ABC will be obtuse. PQR ABC APR QRC BPQ
But as the sum of two sides of triangle must be greater 8 4 1 78
ABC ABC ABC
than the third side, hence (x + 8) > 15 or x > 7. 35 21 3 315
Thus, the permissible values of x are 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. ABC 315 sq. cm.
QA - 26 Page 5
25. 5 The hypotenuse of the largest right-angled triangle has
A to be equal to the diameter of the circle. Also this triangle
23. 3
will be an isosceles triangle with sides forming the
2 right angle.
D Hence, area of this triangle
2 1 1 20 20
F E = 2 = 100 sq. cm
2 2
1 G 1 1
2 C
B
B PA
6
Page 6 QA - 26
28. 18 W e know that the largest side of any triangle is
29. 2 A
always less than half the perimeter of the triangle.
Here perimeter is 30, so the maximum length of the
largest side can be 14 cm. 1
List of triangles with perimeter 30 cm having sides a, 2
R
b and c.
Type of Q
a (in cm) b (in cm) c (in cm) 2
tr iangle
1
Acute
14 14 2
Isosceles
B C
14 13 3 Obtus e 1 P 2
QA - 26 Page 7