Factors Affecting Transportation - Arunachalam, Manager V.T

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Copper Mining India & Copper Mines
India. N G Nair Mining Engineer Factors affecting transportation
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Copper Mining in India and Mining Methods
Open Cast and Under Ground Mining by N
G Nair Mining Engineer . Malanjkhand B. Arunachalam, Manager V.T, Mines Group
Copper Project India. KHETRI COPPER Vocational Training Society, Hospet
COMPLEX
. Mining Software Training About the Author - B.Arunachalam, Age 66 years, Diploma from Chennai
at Hindustan Copper in 1962, FCC(R), served in limestone, iron ore and granite
Limited India. Family Web mines. worked in an MNC M/s Sesa goa ltd and super annuated in
site Lekshminivas 2003, worked as a General Manager in another group, Presently
Thottakom Vaikom with Group V.T. Centre located at Hospet in Karnataka state India. Email
Kottayam . A Mining ID. barunachalam43@gmail.com. Accident investigation
Engineer with New Vision --why, how, and after
for the Mining
Industry. Sitemap. Thiruvananthanpuram,
A Crying boy 1955 Photo. Malanjkhand,
The success of Turning radius and
Hind Copper. Subpage Listing
transportation depends turning path
upon the co-ordination Mining Engineers Dairy -
Recent site activity The minimum turning Metalliferous Mines India
between the three
Mining Engineers Dairy - Metalliferous Mines primary elements, radius is dependent on the A Mining Engineering
design and class of the Hand Book
India namely the vehicles, the
edited by GOPAKUMARAN NAIR roadways, and the road vehicle. The effective NOISE &
width of the vehicle is VIBRATION
users. Their
Metalliferous Mines Safety Week DATABASE
characteristics affect the increased on a turning.
Celebrations India Rss Feed Copper
performance of the This is also important at
Mining india
edited by MINING ENGINEERS transportation system. an intersection, round
ADULT LEARNING
In order to get the best about, terminals, and
View All THEORIES
we should have good parking areas.
Attitudes and Job
Navigation - Copper Mining Family understanding about Satisfaction
them. Salient human, Visibility
India. Hindustan Copper Limited FIRST AID IN MINES
vehicle, and road BURNS &
Mining Engineers Dairy - Metalliferous Mines factors affecting The visibility of the
SCAIDS
India transportation are driver is influenced by the
vehicular dimensions. As CIRCU…
Mining Engineer Profile discussed below. OF
far as forward visibility is
Who is an Engineer BLOOD
Human factors concerned, the dimension
Indian Copper Complex FRACT…
affecting of the vehicle and the
HEAT
Khetri Copper Complex transportation slope and curvature of EXHAU…
Malanjkhand Copper Project wind screens, windscreen AND
View the web site of a Mining Engineer from Road users are drivers, wipers, door pillars, etc HEAT
India passengers, and should be such that: STROKE

pedestrians etc. who use RESPI…
Kolihan Copper Mines the haul roads. · visibility is &
Copper Mining India Web Links Together, they form the clear even in bad ASPHY…
Attitudes and Job Satisfaction most complex element weather SHOCK

of the traffic system. conditions like AND
Metalliferous Mines Safety Week fog and rain; UNCO…
Celebrations India Human performances
STRU…
varies from individual
Emerging Trends in mining and allied to individual It is said to · It should &
not mask the FUNCT…
industries be the most complex OF
Human Resource Development & Managerial
pedestrians,
factor. We should deal BODY
cyclists or other
Skill with a variety of road vehicles during TRASP…
The effects of mine safety legislation on user characteristics. For intersection INJURED
example, a traffic signal ON
mining technology maneuvers.
timed to permit an STRU…
ISO 9001:2000 to Malanjhand Copper Project
1 of 7 13/10/2021, 11:07 am
Group Photo at Training Centre Malanjkhand average pedestrian to Equally important is the Human Resource
cross the street safely side and rear visibility Development &
Group Photo at Malanjkhand Managerial Skill
may cause a severe when maneuvering
Narmada, making its way through the Marble hazard to an elderly especially at intersections Effective
Rocks Supervision and
person. The elderly when the driver adjusts Attitude Building
Factors affecting transportation persons, the children, his speed in order to
Human Resource
Accident investigation --why, how, and after the handicapped, the merge or cross a traffic Development
LEAD POISONING symptoms and prevention
slow and speedy, and stream. Rear vision Photo Album
the good and bad efficiency can be Indian Copper
safety equipment drivers. The human achieved by properly Complex
SURFACE MINING EQUIPEMENTS characteristics like positioning the internal or Khetri Copper
FIRST AID IN MINES ability to react to a external mirrors. Complex
Indian Mining Legislation situation, vision and Kolihan Copper Mines
hearing, and other Mines
Patanjali Yog Training Centre
physical and Safety
ONAM GREETINGS - FAMILY psychological factors Acceleration Week
N G Nair on Job Satisfaction vary from person to characteristics Celebr…
at Kolihan
India Festival person and depend on
The acceleration capacity Copper
age, fatigue, nature of Mines
Kerala God's Own Country of vehicle is dependent on
stimuli, presence of
Malanjkhand Copper
Our dream home at Kerala drugs/alcohol etc... The its mass, the resistance to
Project
About my profile N G Nair design considerations motion and available
Malanjkhand
should safely and power. In general, the
Feed Back Form N G Nair Copper Project
efficiently acceleration rates are 1982 Photo and
Sitemap highest at low speeds,
accommodate these 2009 Photo
Recent site activity factors. decreases as speed Malanjkhand
increases. Heavier 1982 Photo
Critical characteristics vehicles have lower rates Malanjkhand
of acceleration. The Copper Project
The road user difference in acceleration Photo - Training
characteristics can be of rates becomes significant and Development
two main types, some in mixed traffic streams. Mr. J P Gupta
of them are quantifiable For example, heavy Chief Manager
(Mines) with senior
like reaction time, vehicles like wheel
officers and family
visual acuity etc. while loaders will delay at Malanjkhand
some others are less dumpers and jeeps at an Copper Mine.
quantifiable like the intersection... The Mining Engineer Profile
psychological factors, presence of upgrades Mining
physical strength, makes the problem more Engineer
fatigue, and dexterity. severe. Trucks are forced Photo
to decelerate on grades Web Site
Reaction time because their power is not Mining
sufficient to maintain Engineer
The road user is their desired speed. As Mines
subjected to a series of trucks slow down on Manager
stimuli both expected grades, long gaps will be N Gopakumaran Nair
and unexpected. The formed in the traffic
India Photo November
time taken to perform 2009
stream which cannot be
an action according to Photo at
efficiently filled by Trivandrum N G
the stimulus involves a normal passing NAIR INDIA
series of stages like: maneuvers. Narmada, making its
way through the Marble
· Braking performance Rocks
Perception:
Jabalpur Photo
Perception is As far as safety is Sarla Nair at
the process of concerned, the braking Jabalpur India
perceiving the performance and New Vision of a Mining
sensations deceleration Engineer India
received characteristics of vehicles
through the ONAM GREETINGS -
are of prime importance. FAMILY
sense organs,
The time and distance Patanjali Yog Training
nerves and
brains. It is taken to stop the vehicle Centre
is very important as far as
2 of 7 13/10/2021, 11:07 am
actually the the design of various Seminar on Total

recognitions traffic facilities is Lubrication
that a stimulus concerned. The factors on Management
on which a which the braking Status of Metalliferous
reaction is to distance depends are the Mining in India
happen exists. type of the road and its SURFACE MINING
EQUIPEMENTS
condition, the type and
· condition of tire and type View the web site of a
Intellection: of the braking system. Mining Engineer from
Intellection India
The main characteristics
involves the Copper Mining
of a traffic system
identification India Web Links
and influenced by braking and
Accident investigation
understanding deceleration performance --why, how, and after
of stimuli. are:
Emerging Trends in
mining and allied
· Emotion: · Safe industries
This stage stopping sight Group Photo at
involves the distance: The Malanjkhand
judgment of minimum
Factors affecting
the appropriate stopping sight transportation
response to be distance includes
INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION
made on the both the reaction TO THE WORLD’S
stimuli like to time and the MINERAL PRODUCTION
stop, pass, distance covered
Iron ore is the raw
move laterally in stopping. material used to make
etc. Thus, the driver pig iron
should see the
ISO 9001:2000 to
· Volition: obstruction in Malanjhand Copper
Volition is the time to react to Project
execution of the situation and LEAD POISONING
the decision stop the vehicle. symptoms and
which is the Stopping sight prevention
result of distance is a Metalliferous Mines
physical actions product of the Safety Week
of the driver. characteristics of Celebrations India
the driver, the Mining Engineers dairy
For example: If a driver vehicle and the
safety equipment
approaches an roadway. And so
this can vary with The effects of mine
intersection where the safety legislation on
signal is red, the driver drivers and
mining technology
first sees the signal vehicles. Here the
Training Programme on
(perception), he concept of design
Motivation, Time
recognizes that is a vehicles gains
Management, Business
red/STOP signal, he importance as English
decides to stop and they assist in
Group Photo at
finally applies the brake general design of Training Centre
(volition). This sequence traffic facilities Malanjkhand
is called the PIEV time thereby
Who is an Engineer
or perception-reaction enhancing the
What is
time. But apart from the safety and
Engineering
above time, the vehicle performance of
itself traveling at initial roadways
speed would require
some more time to stop. · Sign
That is, the vehicle placement: The
traveling with initial placement of
speed $u$will travel for a signs again
distance, $d = vt$where, depends upon
$t$is the above said the stopping
PIEV time. Again, the sight distance and
vehicle would travel reaction time of
some distance after the drivers. The
brake is applied. driver should see
the sign board
3 of 7 13/10/2021, 11:07 am
Visual acuity and from a distance

driving at least equal to
or greater than
The perception-reaction the stopping
time depends greatly on sight distance.
the effectiveness of
driver’s vision in Road factors
perceiving the objects
and traffic control Road surface
measures. The PIEV
The type of pavement is
time will be decreased
determined by the volume
if the vision is clear and
and composition of
accurate. Visual acuity
traffic, the availability of
relates to the field of
materials, and available
clearest vision. The
funds. Some of the
most acute vision is
factors relating to road
within a cone of 3 to 5
surface like road
degrees, fairly clear
roughness, tire wear,
vision within 10 to 12
resistance to traction,
degrees and the
light reflection, etc.
peripheral vision will be
should be given special
within 120 to 180
attention in the design,
degrees. This is
construction and N G Nair India. My
important when traffic
maintenance of haul experiments with Job
signs and signals are
roads for their safe and satisfaction and
placed... Glare vision
economical operation. personality
and color vision are
Unfortunately, it is development. Job
also equally important.
impossible to build road satisfaction is in regard
Glare vision is greatly
surface which will to one's feelings or
affected by age. Glare
provide the best possible state-of-mind regarding
recovery time is the
performance for all these the nature of their work.
time required to recover
conditions. For heavy Job satisfaction can be
from the effect of glare
traffic volumes, a smooth influenced by a variety
after the light source is
riding surface with good of factors, eg, the
passed, and will be
all-weather anti skid quality of one's
higher for elderly
properties is desirable. relationship with their
persons. Color vision is
The surface should be supervisor, the quality
important as it can
chosen to retain these of the physical
come into picture in
qualities so that environment in which
case of sign and signal
maintenance cost and they work, degree of
recognition.
interference to traffic fulfillment in their work,
Other Characteristics operations are kept to a etc. Attitudes and Job
minimum. Satisfaction.
Hearing is required for Training Programme on
detecting sounds, but Lighting Motivation,
lack of hearing acuity
Illumination is used to
can be compensated by
illuminate the physical
usage of hearing aids.
features of the road way
Lot of experiments was
and to aid in the driving
carried out to test the
task. A luminair is a
drive vigilance which is
complete lighting device
the ability of a drive to
that distributes light into
discern environmental
patterns much as a garden
signs over a prolonged
hose nozzle distributes
period. The results
water. Proper distribution
showed that the drivers
of the light flux from
who did not undergo
luminaries is one of the
any type of fatiguing
essential factors in
conditions performed
efficient roadway
significantly better than
lighting. It is important
those who were
that roadway lighting be
subjected to fatiguing
4 of 7 13/10/2021, 11:07 am
conditions. But the planned on the basis of

mental fatigue is more much traffic information
dangerous than skill such as night vehicular
fatigue. The variability traffic, hazards, bench
of attitude of drivers diversions, obstacles
with respect to age, sex, pedestrian areas and
knowledge and skill in accident experience.
driving etc. are also
important. . Roughness
Vehicle factors This is one of the main

factors that should be
It is important to know give importance during
about the vehicle the design, construction,
characteristics because and maintenance of a
we can design road for highway system. Drivers
any vehicle but not for tend to seek smoother
an indefinite one. The surface when given a
road should be such that choice... The surface
it should cater to the should not be too smooth
needs of existing and to assist skidding nor
anticipated vehicles. should it be too rough to
Some of the vehicle increase rolling
factors that affect resistance.
transportation are.
Night visibility
Design vehicles
Since most accidents
Mine haul road systems occur at night because of
accommodate a wide reduced visibility, the
variety of sizes and traffic designer must
types of vehicles, from strive to improve
smallest jeeps to wheel nighttime visibility in
loaders, haul trucks, every way he can. An
road graders, bull important factor is the
dozers etc. According amount of light which is
to the different reflected by the road
geometric features of surface to the drivers'
highways like the lane eyes. Glare caused by the
width, lane widening on reflection of oncoming
curves, minimum curb vehicles is negligible on a
and corner radius, dry pavement but is an
clearance heights etc important factor when the
some standard physical pavement is wet.
dimensions for the
vehicles has been Geometric aspects
recommended. Road
authorities are forced to The roadway elements
impose limits on such as pavement slope,
vehicular characteristics gradient, right of way etc
mainly: affect transportation in
various ways. Central
· to provide portion of the pavement is
practical limits slightly raised and is
for road sloped to either side so as
designers to to prevent the collection
work to, of water on the road
surface. This will
· to see that deteriorate the riding
the road space quality since the
and geometry pavement will be
is available to subjected to many
normal failures like potholes etc.
5 of 7 13/10/2021, 11:07 am
vehicles, Minimum lane width

should be provided to
· to reduce the chances of
implement accidents. Also the speed
traffic control of the vehicles will be
effectively and reduced and time
efficiently, consumed to reach the
destination will also be
· Take care more. Right of way width
of other road should be properly
users also. provided. If the right of
way width becomes less,
Taking the above points
future expansion will
into consideration, in
become difficult and the
general, the vehicles
development of that area
can be grouped into
will be adversely
jeep, single axle trucks,
affected. One important
multi axle trucks, heavy
other road element is the
dumpers, road grader,
gradient. It reduces the
and slow motorized
tractive effort of large
vehicles .like bull
vehicles. Again the fuel
dozers excavators
consumption of the
Vehicle dimensions vehicles climbing a
gradient is more. The
The vehicular other road elements that
dimensions which can cannot be avoided are
affect the road and curves. Near curves,
traffic design are chances of accidents are
mainly: width, height, more. Speed of the
length, rear overhang, vehicles is also affected.
and ground clearance.
The width of vehicle Summary
affects the width of
The performance, design
lanes, shoulders and
and operation of a
parking facility. The
transportation system are
capacity of the road will
affected by several factors
also decrease if the
such as human factors,
width exceeds the
vehicle factors,
design values. The
acceleration
height of the vehicle
characteristics, braking
affects the clearance
performance etc. These
height of structures like
factors greatly influence
over-bridges, under-
the geometric design as
bridges and electric and
well as design of control
other service lines and
facilities. Variant nature
also placing of signs
of the driver, vehicle, and
and signals. Another
roadway characteristics
important factor is the
should be given
length of the vehicle
importance for the
which affects the extra
smooth, safe, and
width of pavement,
efficient performance of
minimum turning
traffic in the road.
radius, safe overtaking
distance, capacity and
the parking facility. The
rear overhang control is I thank the management
mainly important when of Mines Group
the vehicle takes a Vocational Training
right/left turn from a Society, Hospet for
stationary point. The permitting me to present
ground clearance of this article for
vehicle comes into publication.
6 of 7 13/10/2021, 11:07 am
picture while designing

ramps.
Weight, axle
configuration etc.
The weight of the

vehicle is a major
consideration during the
design of pavements
both flexible and rigid.
The weight of the
vehicle is transferred to
the pavement through
the axles and so the
design parameters are
fixed on the basis of the
number of axles. The
power to weight ratio is
a measure of the ease
with which a vehicle
can move. It determines
the operating efficiency
of vehicles on the road.
The ratio is more
important for heavy
vehicles. The power to
weight ratio is the
major criteria which
determines the length to
which a positive
gradient can be
permitted taking into
consideration the case
of heavy vehicles.
OPERATOR’S DAILY CHECK SHEET Safety rules on

Truck and Dumper Operation
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Factors affecting transportation - Metalliferous Mines India (Mining Eng... https://sites.google.com/site/hindustancopperlimitedsite/factors-affecting-...

Metalliferous Mines India Search this site

(Mining Engineers Dairy)

India passengers, and should be such that: STROKE

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction most complex element weather SHOCK

actually the the design of various Seminar on Total

Visual acuity and from a distance

conditions. But the planned on the basis of

Vehicle factors This is one of the main

vehicles, Minimum lane width

picture while designing

The weight of the

OPERATOR’S DAILY CHECK SHEET Safety rules on

You do not have permission to add comments.

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