UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

MEKANIK BENDALIR 1

TUTORIAL 2
PRESSURE AND HEAD

1. What will be the (a) the gauge pressure and (b) the absolute pressure of water at
depth 12 m below the surface? ρwater = 1000 kg/m3, and Patmosphere = 101 kN/m2.
[ Ans: 117.72 kN/m2, 218.72 kN/m2]

2. At what depth below the surface of oil, relative density 0.8, will produce a pressure of
120 kN/m2? What depth of water is this equivalent to? [ Ans: 15.3 m; 12.2 m]

3. What would the pressure in kN/m2 be if the equivalent head is measured as 400mmof
(a) mercury, S.G =13.6
(b) oil specific weight 7.9 kN/m3
(c) a liquid of density 520 kg/m3?
[ Ans: 53.4 kN/m2; 3.16 kN/m2; 2.04 kN/m2]

4. A manometer connected to a pipe indicates a negative gauge pressure of 50mm of

mercury. What is the absolute pressure in the pipe in Newton per square metre if the
atmospheric pressure is 1 bar? [Ans: 93.3 kN/m2]

5. What height would a water barometer needs so that it can be used to measure the
standard atmospheric pressure? [ Ans: >10 m]. What would be the height of mercury
barometer?

6. Several liquids are layered inside a tank with pressurized air at the top. If the air
pressure is 3.2 kPa, calculate the pressure at the bottom of the tank if the layers include
20 cm of SAE 10 oil, 10 cm of water, 15 cm of glycerine, and 18 cm of carbon
tetrachloride. (Given: ρSAE 10oil = 917 kg/m3, ρglycerine =1258 kg/m3 ,
ρcarbon tetrachloride = 1593kg/m3 ) [ Ans: 10.64 kPa]

7. Consider a 70-kg women who has a total foot imprint area of 400 cm2. She wishes to
walk on the snow, but the snow cannot withstand pressures greater than 0.5 kPa.
Determine the minimum size of the snowshoes needed (imprint area per shoe) to enable
her to walk on the snow without sinking. [1.37 m2]

8. The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 mbars at the beginning of a hiking trio
and 780 mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of altitude on local gravitational
acceleration, determine the vertical distance climbed. Assume an average air density of
1.2 kg/m3. [1274 m]