Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

Project Planning and Scheduling

Deterministic Scheduling

Network Diagrams – Basic Calculations

Example 3: A Simple Network with Constraints

There is an imposed deadline requirement to complete

the project within 12 workdays.

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 1
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

Network Diagrams – Basic Calculations

Example 1: Table of Starts, Finishes and Floats

Mid Term Question

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 2
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

Case 1: No Split; No Constraint
What is the float on critical path?

A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

D SS 6 E SS 3 F
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

Now assume there is a constraint to

What is the free float for different activities? finish project by day 30 – Activity F
should FNLT day 30

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

Case 1: No Split; No Constraint
What is the float on critical path?
5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

0 10 9 20 8 18
5 16
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

21 31 21 31 27 35
15 25
Now assume there is a constraint to
What is the free float for different activities? finish project by day 30 – Activity F
should FNLT day 30

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 3
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

Case 2: No Split; Time-Constrained

5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

-5 5 4 15 3 13
0 11
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F Constraint
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

16 26 16 26 22 30
10 20
What is the float on critical path now?

What is the effect on free float?

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

No Split; No Constraint

5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

0 10 9 20 8 18
5 16
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

21 31 21 31 27 35
15 25
Now assume there are following two constraints:
Constraint 1: to finish activity D no later than day 18
Constraint 2: to finish project no later than day 30

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 4
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

Case 3: No Split; Time-Constrained

5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

-7 3 2 13 1 11
-2 9
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F Constraint 2
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

26 16 26 22 30
8 18
What is the float on critical path now?

Constraint 1
What is the effect on free float?

TIME-CONSTRAINED SCHEDULING
WITH CPM

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 5
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

Time Constraints
A Time Constraint refers to a restriction set on the start or finish time/
date of a deliverable.

A constraint can be either flexible or inflexible.

 As Soon As Possible (ASAP)

 As Late As Possible (ALAP)
 Start No Earlier Than (SNET)
 Finish No Earlier Than (FNET)
 Start No Later Than (SNLT)
 Finish No Later Than (FNLT)
 Must Start On (MSO)
 Must Finish On (MFO)

Using Constraints
Start No Earlier Than (SNET)
Suppose, An Activity has following characteristics:
Early Start = 1st Jan 2021 Early Finish = 18th Feb 2021
th
Late Start = 10 Jan 2021 Late Finish = 28th Feb 2021

If there is a constraint that,

Start No Earlier Than 5th Dec 2020, What will be the effect?

No Effect!

If there is a constraint that,

Start No Earlier Than 3rd Jan 2021, What will be the effect?
Early Start will be set as 3rd Jan 2021,
Early Finish date will be calculated as 20th Feb 2021
No Effects on Late Start and Late Finish

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 6
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

Using Constraints
Finish No Earlier Than (FNET)
Suppose, An Activity has following characteristics
Early Start = 1st Jan 2021 Early Finish = 18th Feb 2021
th
Late Start = 10 Jan 2021 Late Finish = 28th Feb 2021

If there is a constraint that,

Finish No Earlier Than 16th Feb 2021, What will be the effect?

No Effect!

If there is a constraint that,

Finish No Earlier Than 20th Feb 2021, What will be the effect?
Early Finish will be set as 20th Feb 2021
Early Start will be calculated as 3rd Jan 2021
No Effects on Late Start and Late Finish

Using Constraints
Start No Later Than (SNLT)
Suppose, An Activity has following characteristics
Early Start = 1st Jan 2021 Early Finish = 18th Feb 2021
th
Late Start = 10 Jan 2021 Late Finish = 28th Feb 2021

If there is a constraint that,

Start No Later Than 12th Jan 2021, What will be the effect?

No Effect!

If there is a constraint that,

Start No Later Than 8th Jan 2021, What will be the effect?
Late Start will be set as 8th Jan 2021
Late Finish will be calculated as 26th Feb 2021
No Effects on Early Start and Early Finish

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 7
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

Using Constraints
Finish No Later Than (FNLT)
Suppose, An Activity has following characteristics
Early Start = 1st Jan 2021 Early Finish = 18th Feb 2021
th
Late Start = 10 Jan 2021 Late Finish = 28th Feb 2021

If there is a constraint that,

Finish No Later Than 1st Mar 2021, What will be the effect?

No Effect!

If there is a constraint that,

Finish No Later Than 26th Feb 2021, What will be the effect?
Late Finish will be set as 26th Feb 2021
Late Start will be calculated as 8th Jan 2021
No effects on Early Start and Early Finish

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

Case 1: No Split; No Constraint
What is the float on critical path?
5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

0 10 9 20 8 18
5 16
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

21 31 21 31 27 35
15 25
Now assume there is a constraint to
What is the free float for different activities? finish project by day 30 – Activity F
should FNLT day 30

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 8
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

Case 2: No Split; Time-Constrained

5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

-5 5 4 15 3 13
0 11
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F Constraint
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

16 26 16 26 22 30
10 20
What is the float on critical path now?

What is the effect on free float?

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

No Split; No Constraint

5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

0 10 9 20 8 18
5 16
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

21 31 21 31 27 35
15 25
Now assume there are following two constraints:
Constraint 1: to finish activity D no later than day 18
Constraint 2: to finish project no later than day 30

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 9
 Project Planning & Scheduling - Fundamentals and CPM

CPM Schedule Computations: PDM –

Case 3: No Split; Time-Constrained

5 16
0 10 2 13 8 18
A SS 2 B SS 3 C
10 FF 6 11 10

-7 3 2 13 1 11
-2 9
SS 4
FF 5
FF 7

15 25 27 35
12 22 21 31 24 32
D SS 6 E SS 3 F Constraint 2
10 FF 0 10 FF 4 8

26 16 26 22 3s0S
8 18
What is the float on critical path now?

Constraint 1
What is the effect on free float?

Questions/Queries?

Muhammad Saqib
NED University of Engineering & Technology Karachi 10