cqf¼cZyorh lnk 39

i×pe% ikB%

cqf¼cZyorh lnk
izLrqr ikB 'kqdlIrfr% uked izfl¼ dFkkxzUFk ls lEikfnr dj fy;k x;k gSA blesa
vius nks NksV&s NksVs iq=kksa osQ lkFk taxy osQ jkLrs ls firk osQ ?kj tk jgh cqf¼erh
uked ukjh osQ cqf¼dkS'ky dks fn[kk;k x;k gS tks lkeus vk, gq, 'ksj dks Mjk dj
Hkxk nsrh gSA bl dFkkxzUFk esa uhfrfuiq.k 'kqd vkSj lkfjdk dh dgkfu;ksa osQ }kjk
vizR;{k :i ls ln~of` Ùk dk fodkl djk;k x;k gSA
vfLr nsmyk[;ks xzke%A r=k jkt¯lg% uke jktiq=k% olfr LeA ,dnk osQukfi
vko';ddk;s.Z k rL; Hkk;kZ cqf¼erh iq=k};ksirs k firqxgZ` a izfr pfyrkA ekxsZ
xgudkuus lk ,oaQ O;k?kza nn'kZA lk O;k?kzekxPNUra n`"V~ok /k"V~;kZr~ iq=kkS pisV;k
izâR; txknµ¶dFkesoQS d'kks O;k?kzHk{k.kk; dyga oqQ#Fk%\ v;esdLrkof}HkT;
HkqT;rke~A i'pkn~ vU;ks f}rh;% df'pYy{;rsA¸

bfr JqRok O;k?kzekjh dkfpfn;fefr eRok O;k?kzks Hk;koqQyfpÙkks u"V%A

 40 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

futcqnè~ ;k foeqDrk lk Hk;kn~ O;k?kzL; HkkfeuhA

vU;ks¿fi cqf¼ek¡YyksoQs eqP;rs egrks Hk;kr~AA
Hk;koqQya O;k?kza n`"V~ok df'pr~ /wr%Z Ük`xky% glÂkgµ ¶Hkoku~ oqQr% Hk;kr~
iykf;r%\¸
O;k?kz%& xPN] xPN tEcqd! Roefi fdf×pn~ xw<izn's ke~A ;rks O;k?kzekjhfr ;k
'kkL=ks Jw;rs r;kga gUrqekjC/% ija x`ghrdjthforks u"V% 'kh?kza rnxzr%A
Ük`xky%& O;k?kz! Ro;k egRdkSrd q e~ vkosfnra ;Uekuq"kknfi fcHksf"k\
O;k?kz%& izR;{keso e;k lkReiq=kkosoQS d'kks ekeÙkqa dygk;ekukS pisV;k izgjUrh
n`"VkA
tEcqd%& Lokfeu~! ;=kkLrs lk /wrkZ r=k xE;rke~A O;k?kz! ro iqu% r=k xrL;
lk lEeq[keih{krs ;fn] rfgZ Ro;k vga gUrO;% bfrA
O;k?kz%& Ük`xky! ;fn Roa eka eqDRok ;kfl rnk osykI;osyk L;kr~A
tEcqd%& ;fn ,oa rfgZ eka futxys cn~èok py lRoje~A l O;k?kz% rFkkÑRok
dkuua ;;kSA Ük`xkysu lfgra iqujk;kUra O;k?kza nwjkr~ n`"V~ok cqf¼erh

fpfUrrorh&tEcqdÑrksRlkgkn~ O;k?kzkr~ dFka eqP;rke~\ ija

izR;qRiÂefr% lk tEcqdekf{kiUR;Äq õY;k rtZ;UR;qokpµ
js js /wrZ Ro;k nÙka eáa O;k?kz=k;a iqjkA
fo'okL;k|Sdekuh; dFka ;kfl onk/qukAA
 cqf¼cZyorh lnk 41

bR;qDRok /kfork rw.k± O;k?kzekjh Hk;ÄïjkA

O;k?kzk¿s fi lglk u"V% xyc¼Ük`xkyd%AA
,oa izdkjs.k cqf¼erh O;k?kztkn~ Hk;kr~ iqujfi eqDrk¿Hkor~A vr ,o mP;rs&
cqf¼cZyorh rfUo loZdk;s"Z kq loZnkAA

'kCnkFkkZ%
Hkk;kZ & iRuh & iRuh
iq=k};ksisrk & iq=k};su lfgrk & nksuksa iq=kksa osQ lkFk
misrk & ;qDrk & ;qDr
dkuus & ous & taxy esa
nn'kZ & vi';r~ & ns[kk
/k"V~;kZr~ & /`"VHkkokr~ & f<BkbZ ls
pisV;k & djizgkjs.k & FkIiM+ ls
izâR; & pisfVdka nRok & FkIIkM+ ekjdj
txkn & mDrorh & dgk
dyge~ & fookne~ & >xM+k
foHkT; & foHkDra ÑRok & vyx&vyx djosQ
(ck¡Vdj)
y{;rs & vfUo";rs & ns[kk tk,xk] <w¡<+k
tk,xk
O;k?kzekjh & O;k?kza ekj;fr (gfUr) & ck?k dks ekjus okyh
bfr
u"V% & e`r%] iykf;r% & Hkkx x;k
Hkkfeuh & Hkkfeuh] :iorh L=kh & :iorh L=kh
tEcqd% & Ük`xky% & fl;kj
 42 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

xw<+izns'ke~ & xqIrizns'ke~ & xqIr izns'k esa

x`ghrdjthfor% & gLrs izk.kkÂhRok & gFksyh ij izk.k ysdj
vkosfnre~ & foKkfire~ & crk;k
izR;{ke~ & le{ke~ & lkeus
lkReiq=kkS & lk vkReu% iq=kkS & og vius nksuksa iq=kksa dks
,oSQd'k% & ,de~ ,oaQ ÑRok & ,d ,d djosQ
vRrqe~ & Hk{kf;rqe~ & [kkus osQ fy,
dygk;ekukS & dyga oqQoZUrkS & >xM+k djrs gq, (nks)
dks
izgjUrh & izgkja oqQoZUrh & ekjrh gqbZ
bZZ{krsrs & i';fr & ns[krh gS
osyk & le;% & 'krZ
vkf{kiUrh & vk{ksia oqQoZUrh & vk{ksi djrh gqbZ]
f>M+drh gqbZ]
HkRlZuk djrh gqbZ
rtZ;Urh & rtZua oqQoZUrh & /edkrh gqb]Z Mk¡Vrh gqbZ
fo'okL; & lek'oL; & fo'okl fnykdj
rw.kZe~ & 'kh?kze~ & tYnh] 'kh?kz
Hk;Äïjk & Hk;a djksfr bfr & Hk;ksRikfndk
xyc¼&Ük`xkyd% & xys c¼ Ük`xky% & xys esa ca/s gq, Ük`xky
;L; l% okyk

vfUreL; 'yksdL; vUo;%&

js js /wrZ! Ro;k eáa iqjk O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A fo'okL; (vfi) v| ,oQe~ vkuh; dFka ;kfl bfr
v/quk onA bfr mDRok Hk;Vjk O;k?kzekjh rw.k± /kforkA xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% vfi lglk
u"V%A gs rfUo! loZnk loZdk;sZ"kq cqf¼cZyorhA
 cqf¼cZyorh lnk 43

vH;kl%

1- vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krµ

(d) cqf¼erh osQu misrk fir`xZ̀ga izfr pfyrk\
([k) O;k?kz% ¯d fopk;Z iykf;r%\
(x) yksosQ egrks Hk;kr~ d% eqP;rs\
(?k) tEcqd% ¯d onu~ O;k?kzL; migkla djksfr\
(Ä) cqf¼erh Ük`xkya fde~ mDrorh\

2- LFkwyinekèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rµ

(d) r=k jkt¯lgks uke jktiq=k% olfr LeA
([k) cqf¼erh pisV;k iq=kkS izârorhA
(x) O;k?kza n`"V~ok /wrZ% Ük`xky% vonr~A
(?k) Roa ekuq"kkr~ foHksf"kA
(Ä) iqjk Ro;k eáa O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A

3- mnkgj.keuql`R; drZfj izFkek foHkDrs% fØ;k;k×p ^Drorq* izR;;L; iz;ksxa ÑRok

okP;ifjorZua oqQ#rµ
;Fkk&r;k vga gUrqe~ vkjC/%
(d) e;k iqLroaQ ifBre~A
([k) jkes.k Hkkstua Ñre~A
(x) lhr;k ys[k% fyf[kr%A
(p) v'osu r`.ka HkqDre~A
(Ä) Ro;k fp=ka n`"Ve~A
& lk eka gUrqe~ vkjCèkorhA
& -------------------------------------------
& -------------------------------------------
& -------------------------------------------
& -------------------------------------------
& -------------------------------------------

4- v/ksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu ?kVukØes.k la;kst;rµ

(d) O;k?kz% O;k?kzekjh b;fefr eRok iykf;r%A
([k) izR;qRiÂefr% lk Ük`xkya vkf{kiUrh mokpA
 44 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

(x) tEcqdÑrksRlkg% O;k?kz% iqu% dkuue~ vkxPNr~A

(?k) ekxsZ lk ,oaQ O;k?kza vi';r~A
(Ä) O;k?kza n`"V~ok lk iq=kkS rkM;Urh mokp&v/quk ,deso O;k?kza foHkT; HkqT;rA
(p) cqf¼erh iq=k};su misrk firqxZ̀ga izfr pfyrkA
(N) ^Roa O;k?kz=k;a vkuf;rqa* izfrKk; ,deso vkuhroku~A
(t) xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% iqu% iykf;r%A

5- l¯U/@lfU/foPNsna ok oqQ#rµ
(d) firqxgZ̀ e~ & ------------------ $ ------------------
([k) ,oSQd% & ------------------ $ ------------------
(x) ------------------ & vU;% $ vfi
(?k) ------------------ & bfr $ mDRok
(Ä) ------------------ & ;=k $ vkLrs

6- (d) vèkksfyf[krkuka inkuke~ vFkZ% dks"Bdkr~ fpRok fy[kr&

(d) nn'kZ & (nf'kZroku~] n`"Voku~)
([k) txkn & (vdFk;r~] vxPNr~)
(x) ;;kS & (;kfproku~] xroku~)
(?k) vÙkqe~ & ([kkfnrqe~] vkfo"oQrqZe~)
(Ä) eqP;rs & (eqDrks Hkofr] eXuks Hkofr)
(p) bZ{krs & (i';fr] bPNfr)

([k) ikBkr~ fpRok i;kZ;ina fy[krµ

(d) oue~ & -----------------
([k) Ük`xky% & -----------------
(x) 'kh?kze~ & -----------------
(?k) iRuh & -----------------
(Ä) xPNfl & -----------------
 cqf¼cZyorh lnk 45

7- izÑfrizR;;foHkkxa oqQ#rµ
(d) pfyr% & -----------------
([k) u"V% & -----------------
(x) vkosfnr% & -----------------
(?k) n`"V% & -----------------
(Ä) xr% & -----------------
(p) gr% & -----------------
(N) ifBr% & -----------------
(t) yC/% & -----------------

ifj;kstukdk;Ze~
cqf¼eR;k% LFkkus vkRekua ifjdYI; rn~Hkkouka LoHkk"k;k fy[krA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
Hkkf"kdfoLrkj%
nn'kZ&n`'k~ /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFke iq#"k] ,dopu
foHksf"k ^Hkh* /krq] yV~ ydkj] eè;e iq#"k] ,dopuA
izgjUrh & iz $ â /krq] 'kr` izR;;] L=khfyÄAõ
xE;rke~ & xe~ /krq] deZokP;] yksV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA
;;kS & ^;k* /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA
;kfl & xPNflA

lekl
xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% & xys c¼% Ük`xky% ;L; l%A
izR;qRiÂefr% & izR;qRiUuk efr% ;L; l%A
TkEcqdo`QrksRlkgkr~ & tEcqosQu Ñr% mRlkg% & tEcqdÑrksRlkg% rLekr~A
iq=k};ksisrk & iq=k};su misrkA
Hk;koqQyfpÙk% & Hk;su vkoqQy% fpÙke~ ;L; l%A
 46 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

O;k?kzekjh & O;k?kza ekj;fr bfrA

x`ghrdjthfor% & x`ghra djs thfora ;su l%A
-
Hk;îïjk & Hk;a djksfr ;k bfrA
xzUFk&ifjp; µ 'kqdlIrfr% osQ ys[kd vkSj dky osQ fo"k; esa ;|fi HkzkfUr cuh gqbZ
gS] rFkkfi bldk dky 1000 bZ- ls 1400 bZ- osQ eè; ekuk tkrk gSA gsepUnz us (1088&1172)
esa 'kqdlIrfr% dk mYys[k fd;k gSA pkSngoha 'krkCnh esa IkQkjlh Hkk"kk esa ^rwfrukeg* uke ls
vuwfnr gqvk FkkA
'kqdlIrfr% dk <k¡pk vR;Ur ljy vkSj euksjatd gSA gfjnÙk uked lsB dk enufouksn
uked ,d iq=k FkkA og fo"k;klDr vkSj oqQekxZxkeh FkkA lsB dks nq%[kh ns[kdj mlosQ fe=k
f=kfoØe uked czkã.k us vius ?kj ls uhfrfuiq.k 'kqd vkSj lkfjdk ysdj mlosQ ?kj tkdj
dgk&bl liRuhd 'kqd dk rqe iq=k dh Hkk¡fr ikyu djksA bldk laj{k.k djus ls rqEgkjk nq[k
nwj gksxkA gfjnÙk us enufouksn dks og rksrk ns fn;kA rksrs dh dgkfu;ksa us enufouksn dk ân;
ifjorZu dj fn;k vkSj og vius O;olk; esa yx x;kA
O;kikj izlax esa tc og ns'kkUrj x;k rc 'kqd viuh euksjatd dgkfu;ksa ls mldh
iRuh dk rc rd fouksn djrk jgk tc rd mldk ifr okil ugha vk x;kA la{ksi esa
'kqdlIrfr% vR;f/d euksjatd dFkkvksa dk laxzg gSA

gu~ (ekjuk) /krks% :ie~A

yV~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gfUr gr% ?ufUr
eè;eiq#"k% gfUl gFk% gFk
mÙkeiq#"k% gfUe gUo% gUe%

y`V~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gfu";fr gfu";r% gfu";fUr
eè;eiq#"k% gfu";fl gfu";Fk% gfu";Fk
mÙkeiq#"k% gfu";kfe gfu";ko% gfu";ke%
 cqf¼cZyorh lnk 47

yÄ~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% vgu~ vgrke~ vguu~
eè;eiq#"k% vg% vgre~ vgr
mÙkeiq#"k% vgue~ vgUo vgUe

yksV~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gUrq grke~ ?uUrq
eè;eiq#"k% tfg gre~ gr
mÙkeiq#"k% gukfu guko guke

fof/fyÄ~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gU;kr~ gU;krke~ gU;q%
eè;eiq#"k% gU;k% gU;kre~ gU;kr
mÙkeiq#"k% gU;ke~ gU;ko gU;ke