n d

S. Page
No.
Name of the Experiment No. E

R S millnm i
Alyanelu but

anAihue
an eguivalLne helahon
3 Abrun cbBn uhich is
net ene-One but is
nto
4Jo clemensihatta

en-ee bul not ento

S4hapha a &Loga
Veify bhat fo
tw be Lentingus
e tlo, Ay-tZotAX)-_
kla)is asnbitasul Small
 Expt. No. Page No.

ATIVITy-T
Objechue
o ueuhy thot he htlathon R i he sel
L all Lines i n a p lant, defrned by+-
R Lm)i LmA Ay onilu buz
nuthlh he{LeKLae ne4 ansih u

Matuals Requisneod:
H pitLe_D Ply urDDd, &eme piLes D}uLu
naillLhuR_pape 3luk e t
PhoLLdune

Taks Apie plyulovd & pas a ubik

papLh On it Ex he hand mly4-
en_heplywDDd Lth tha help O hails
duth hal Onal_ thea_anu panalld
benasane penp enditulah tn ea ih otbey
andAEnnAane indioed.

DemenA1fnahon:

e t the ui his hepLseni Hhi lints L, Az,

2 i s L t o 2aih e HhiLins lzl3,le
3A
4 i sL tol
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ebsewaien
no Line is h tp itself Ao the
helahon R ,m)LLm no1
hefLeiue

IsL2LL 2Yes
2)ER U2A)E R
Similaaly ( , eR S L, Ls)é R
L3) ER)
R R hummetsil bul not han4itiue

APpiiaten:
This can be used to_chek whe theh a
hilahen is an eguvalenle O not

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A
D
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Expt. N0.
Page No.

2 lnbig lz lllz
So (l,l:) E R l l ) e RR
SImilanly, (L3, Lu) e R, Slly, L2) E R
The helLahon k s s MmiLu

llL3)eK (l3,L4)eR

he pelahom R s hanshue
Hence Zhehelanon k hefLLAiuA
bymtnitu_and habsihue
So R2 UAn egLuvalLDU elanen

Applicanon
This Lhvit is LusLfrul_in undNATAndins
theLOn pt e an eg laidallpe elahon.

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2
b

3
b i 3.2
3 3 3-3
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Expt. No.
Page No.

ACTIVITY-3
bjectiue:
O olLmenT hat_afunien uhicb is -
not h e - 0ne but is Bntn

matuials K e9whud
Candboassd nails, stinss adhesineand
plash stup3
eth0d (enstuhon2
EPast_a_plash stup n he left hand side
b Hhe andb0Od&
&_bx thee haiu C
it
2POJk anothe S p m he high7 hane
ids 0Landboand i y thwD nails Lo
the plasthe_ALip Nanne as a,b
3 Ten nald_ m he lleft_sup tohe nails
Cn he highl Ahip
OlmnAthatbn
Tak the s t X:L23?
2Tak the Let Y a,b?

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Expt. No. Page No.

Obsenwatnorn
heima 2 heelemenl DX in Yis a
Jhe image 0 2 C X n Y 1s_b
Jheinaag 3 X in yis b
Onto
So ig3 nep2resenly enin tunction
wlhy elemen in X has a ipaage in
So h e fruynhen is One-enl

hePAL=iaass_D each elenaeni oyjn

X ABtshot exist Sothe huniion s

Applicahon
Thu achvity can bLnsed to demtnalaak
the LEnepl C1 DnA entn_unhon

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Expt. No. Page No.

ACTVITY
ehjechiu
Jo demEnsihat afuncien whih is
Onl On bul_nol_Onil

Maieial RLquied
Canolboasna hals gtUnGA,adhes ue k
plashe 3eups
metods Lesthu on

1Pas a plashe Alsup On the Leff hand sd

nailu init
2 he candboahd and bY thuD had
2Pay _a plast Ap_Dm h e hughi
SIdL h e Lahdboahd b y thtLe
n a i s in i t _ nam it_1,2,2

D e m n s taahen

Take ths set Y E2a, b

heAt Y , 2 ,3 o
Ta D_X tD the eleminy
elemen
3 Jop

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Expt. No.-
Page No.

PhseNatien
The
Theimask e tht elemenl ao X i YÍs 2
The mas_D he eleonenl b X in Yis3
So Hhe hag ephesenls Dn- Om
2 n 4 elemlnl in x hos a
So he frun hen is imap in 7
Dns - On
3The
3 he_ peimage C the eltmenl |D Y
i nX_dels not eaisi So thefuntn On
is not entl2

lhs hs 93 eplsen
u h i b LS
whuh_
afunuton
mi Cml bul nol nto.

Applitat'en
Thu ahvity can be to dem@nsbheat
the COnLep 0 0mi= orns bu not Ont

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Page No.
Expt. No.

C7IVITY
Gbjectiu
J 0 skc1ch h q1aph 0 a& eg a
a a ard to examir d h a t 7hy

matials Requi/red:
geonncltual instuum
Dfaanwing b0and
Df1awng ,

4keth pehA
dawnna pins, t h i n un2es

hik whiR papen, Adheine 2enul

e nas a p/ank u N O n 49uanid p e p

mthOd e lenst2uhen

On t h idLOwhs boad, fhx a h i k p apen

sheei C LOnNEnuenls12 20 m X 20Lm
u i t h adheAi ne
2 n thi hoi take huo plnpenaitulas
Lins xOx' 2 yOy dcpicting toendinat

3 mank ALadLahens en he hwo aAeS as

fandAtmt
sheuwn in b , ed p a t s Sansbyins

&y Lo3a_Plot thise poinu

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Expt. No. PageNo..

coepending te he ondered pains k j e n .

them by * i hand in both a
CasLs
bgx 1hin w
Luwmes
es aleng hil
usMhs AaawnjPLs
S Da ha 9aph O}7 , ax a
alng h e p h uing dnavng P
pins
ins

DemenstAaDen
e a " , taks a:2 &ind oduedPavs

22 2 -2
L 2 lo s|/y 4? / 9| 7 6

and plo1 thsL_Odeard pans n hasquere

papeh_and x_a dhaunng pin al_ealh-
POnnl

Iein thi basts o dhawng pins uith a

hin n ni This will Aipznesenl HhL 94aph
2

3 3|

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Expt. No. Page No.

|Plot dheseeLdened paus n g*aaph p pe

QnA X aALanns pin a1 eaLh ple Hed
pnnl Jen he basl3 0} the dauing pins
ath a thin a i n i his will_hupiuent
the gaph o log 7
Daaw the9aph 2 lie y :x_cn th shuid.
PlaL amiane4 alons he_une Srep/esk
-nihy7 X 21 can be seeo tha he teo
a p h s Dy_he g1hen funuton Ah i z n
imajes 0 y e a h o t h e in he Line :

Cbseswaioni
mass 2 CLdeLd pay ll, 2 m h i qnaph
In y2 is 21 i e s _ n He gasph

aph 09
|Repal thepa0Less
ppluanen:
Thiy aiviy is wsefl in LAndeUtandins
the _Lemept eNponenhau & L0g funtion
LAhiLbane mifNOq 1mas 0 LarhehLn iny
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 Nv N
Ayu

x
) M, M
 Date

Expt. No. Page No.

CTIV17Y
Dbjectiue
Jo ueufy that fen a funhonf to_be
COntnuaas A7 94uen paDnl Xo-
Ay1(xe? Ax)-4lzos is arbihanity
S ALLpAevided isLuffiuiently

atUals gaisned
Handboand,uehute sheils pLnuils4lale,
Calclato adhesins

PasA_a while slbei1 an Hhe badboad.

2 DhAw h LAunnk 0} the aiuen Leninbus
u n h c n a s hepsLes enttd
3Take onypeinlAlle, C) n h e pitine
Siole D axi LLOmesptndirg te ths
penni maak th pani_Plo ya n the

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Expt. No. .
Page No.

Deme241ation:
7akL O m9e poin M, (Xo 7 4x, 0 ) t
h e ughlO A whe , isan
i's
in Wmenl n
auu t h e pependiuulan fron M,
mecl1he M al N Ae1 h e co0hdinste:

30aw aP p endi!a LOm the p0nl

PLLa902 to mec N, M a i T,
w_mLas
miasnne AM2 x 2 Led it
SReCue h iD eemnl in z to A to
At anethes poil M 4e1 he ceesp
e1 He LP1ipteased N M a t T2
7 Ag a i n m e a s La A M2 4 z2 2 uLod ii
measw NLT2 y2L eOd it
Repe af_he
peinU &0 hai x be cames Analle
Amallen

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Expt. No.. Page No.

Chsewahen
SI No Valus O inUWme/
in
CoVuponding-
invermenl iny
1AAlE12 units 1Al 2 Lnvb
wnis
LA 6Lnis IAysla unit1
AXul 3 S anit LAqu O S unit
AXsl S nib IAysl 03 vt
6 IAgal hnit.

2S Dy_bl LONmes dpaallen hen x

becenL3Amalen

0
Ay 0 Lentneu untioo

Appirahon:
Th aLhviny is hlpfulin explainisg Le
Lenep1_o duivatu ( i y ihand e A i g k
hard) at a n pinl On the Curwe

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