E-

5-5
Battle
Honours

THE CITYSTATE GREEKS 5OO. 3OO BC

From the fascinatingperiodof classicalwarfarecome the armiesof Sparta,Athens,Thebes,Corinth
andthe otherwarringcitystatesof Creece.The most recentadditions to our expandingancientrange
demonstrateTonyBartons skillat its besl PRICESTInfantry/Cavalry 14p Horses18p CSll .80p
CSO1FrontRankHoplite-FullPanoply CS08 CretanArcher
CS02 RearRankHoplite'Full Panoply CS09 PsioliStoneThrowers
CS03 Front Rank Lakonian' Full Panoply CSl0 ThessalianJavelinman
CS04 RearRankLakonian' Full PanoPly CSll Greek Command Croup
CSO5Light Armed Hoplite GSC2 AthenianCavalryman
CS06 Ught Armed Lakon;an CSC2 ThessalianCavalryman
CSo7 Thraciai Peltast GSC3 CreekCavalryHorse

CAJ{ILAII ROIIAIIS
Our Romanshaveseveralvariants in armourand equipmentwithineachtype.The figuresare madewithseparatespears
andshieldwhichneedtobeattached.Thiswillgiveyouan enormousamountofvariation in poseifyou wjsh.Incelebration
of th€ festiveseasonwe haveprefixedthem SPQR.
SPQR1 Velite SPOR5 Triari Kneeling
SPQR2 Hastatr/Pncipes SPQR6 Cavalryman
SPOR3 Hastati/Principes throwing
SPQR4 TriariiStanding SPOR7 RomanHo.se
SPOR8 is a siaff set comprisingCenturion,General,Co.nicerand StandardBearer
PricesInfantry/Cavalry
14p Horse18p SPOR8. 80p
SASSAIIID PERSIAIIS
Againthereis basicvariationin eachrype.The horsearcher(SC5)comes in two pads and can be mountedgivingany
directionof fire.The Clibanariuswith lance(SC3)js a one piececasling.
Sl I Lely Spearman 14p SC I ClibanariusArchershooling 14p SH I Horsewith Cloth Barding 21p
Sl 2 Lely Speaman 14p SC2ClibanariusArcherLoading 14p SH 2 Unarmouted Hotse lBp
Sl 3 Archer Shooilng l4D SC 3 ClibanariusLancer 35D SH 3 Ho.sewith Scale/
Sl 4 Archer Loading 14o SC 4 Cataohract 14a PlateArmour 21p
Sl 5 SlingefShootins l4b SC5 Hors;Archer(withHorce) 35p SH4 UnarrnouredHorse
Sl 6 Slinge.Loadins l4p SC6LishtCavalrywithJavelins14p Gallopins 18p

SE 1 Elephantwith driverand 3 crewi3.95 but oh so beautifull

SRPI RoyatPadywith King, P nce and StandardBea.ert1.45
GOOD THIT'TGSCOIIE II'I SIIALL PACI(AGES (AI'ID LARGER ONEA TOOI)
SUPERUNITS AND BATTALIONPACKS
CONFEDERATIONOF THE RHINVLATE FRENCH
BRITISH. PENINSqTAPERIOD BavarianLine Battalion su55 4.20 BP75 1.68
BavananLight Batualion Su67 4.20 BP92 1.68
s t F.ench Line Battalion 5u55 4.20 Ar/6 1.68
Line Battalion sqol 4_62 BP13 r.68 CermanLine Batlalion
Ught Baltal'on s002 4.20 BP19 1.68 Su57 4.20 BF77 1.68
FusilierBatLalion PolishUne Battalion s06r 4.20 Bml r.68
s003 4.62 BP15 1.68
aua.ds Battalion s004 5.60 BPt4 2.24 REVOI]UTIONARYFRENCH
Ught DEgoon Regim€nt suo5 6.40 RP34 2.56 sq5a 3.78 BPTA 1.68
Healy DraEoonRegiment sgoS 6.40 RP32 2.56 FrenchLine 1797-1804 sq59 3.78 BP79 1.68
HighlandBatLalion s009 5.60 BP20 1.96 FrenchLight Bathlion s060 3.36 BP80 1.68
sor0 2.80 BU21 1.40 P R ( S S | A N S1 a 1 2 . r 5
KOL Une Battalion sol1 4.48 Use BP13 Musketeer/Crenadie. Bau s0t5 4.4a BP46 1.68
KGL Light Battalion s012 4.44 qse BP19 s0l6 4.48 BP47 1_68
sql7 6.40 RY22 2.56 s030 4.lE BP49 1.68
ReseNelnfantry Batt s(l3r 4.48 BP6l 1.68
BR]TISH . WATERLOO PERIOD JaegerBattalion s(l38 3-36 BP54 r.68
Line Battalion s032 4.62 BP16 1.68 sq24 7.68 RP50 2.56
s033 4.62 BP59 1.68 s025 7.68 RP5r 2.56
CuardsBatLalion sq34 5.60 EP5A 2.24 s026 7.68 RP52 2.56
s039 6.40 RP60 1.62 (hlan Regiment s{t27 7.68 RP53 2.56
5U41 6.40 RP33 2.56 Landweh.Uhlan RegimeDt s{t28 7.68 RP55 2.56
sq66 6.40 RP35 2.56 RqSSIA S 1812-t5
s045 6.40 RP67 2.56 s023 5.04 BP36 1.12
Musketeersin Creatcoat sq29 5.04 BP39 l.t2
PORTOGqESE CrenadieB in Creatcoat s046 5.04 BP42 t.t2
Line Battalion s0la 3.92 BP56 1.12 su42 8.00 RP53 2.56
s03s 3.50 B W 7 1 . 1 2 sq43 8.00 RP64 4.48
DragoonRegiment su40 6.40 RP62 1.92 UhlanBaB€lion 5044 4.00 RP65 4.48
s047 7.68 RP66 3.20
FRENCH s065 8.00 Rm5 3.20
Line Battalion 5qo7 4.20 BPOl 1.68 AOSTRLANS
Line2ndl3ld Battalions s00a 4.20 BP02 1.68 Ceman FusiliertHelmet SU4A 4.2A BreA 2.24
sor3 3.36 BPO4 r.68 Ceman Crcnadie6 Sq49 3.36 Bp69 1.68
Old Guard s014 5.60 BPO3 1.68 HungarianFusiliels S05O 5.04 BP70 2.24
Chasseura ChevalRgt sql9 7.68 RPOT3.20 HunsarianCrenadiers 5051 3.36 BPrll 1.68
sq20 7.68 RPOA 3.20 JaegerBatralion 5052 3.36 BpZ2 1.68
DragoonRegiment sq2r 7.68 RPO93.20 Ceman Fusliers/Shako sgA53 4.2O Bp73 2.24
PolishLaDcerRegiment s022 7.68 RPl0 3.20 GrenzBattalion 5054 4.20 BP74 1.68
sa36 8.00 RPl1 3.20 Drasoon1/2 Resiment Sq68 7.68 Rp93 2.56
Crenadiera ChevalRqt s037 8.00 RPl2 3.20 Hussarl/2 RegimeDt Sq69 7.68 Rp94 2.56
CarablDiers
Regiment s062 8.00 RP82 3.20 Uhlan1/2 Regiment SqTO 7.68 RP95 2.56
Line LancerRegiment s063 7.68 RP83 3.20 Kurassier1/2 Regiment 5071 7.68 RP96 2.56
Cuard ChasseurRegiment s064 ?.68 Rm4 3.20 Chevau.Leger 1/2 Regiment 5072 7.68 RP:t7 2_56
Thesecontainofffcers.N.C.Osand siandardbearerswhereapprcpiatebutfo.highercommandand
altillerysupponseouTSOPERSET

And the lat€st Super Units: France SU79 HeavyCavalry1792-1803 Q4 tss) f7.6a
Austtia SU37 GemanFusiliers, 1792 (30ffss) t4.20 1792-9s (24fiss) €7.68
SU80 Chass€urs-a-ch.
SU74 Hunsanan Fusiliers
1792 (36 figs) f5.04 SU81 Hussa6,1792-1800 124nss) f7.6a
SU75 Grcnze7792 (30 ffss) f4.20 Ausrrta SU82 Hussa6,1792-1798 (24ffss) f7.68
Sp.tn SU76 Line,1stBn (24ffss) €3.36 SU83 Chevaulegar 1792-qa 124frsis)t7 6a
SU77 Line.2nd.Bn. (24 fiss) f3.36 SU84 Dngons I7g2 q8 {24 figs) f7 68
AusEia SU78 Landw€hr (24 ffss) f3.36 SU85 Culnssi€rs,1792,98 124nsq) fi.68

AMERICANCIVIL WAR RANGE

is now just about ready for production,
but the list has not arrive in time for this ad.
PHONEFOR DETAILS!
Dices. Infdntry/(avalry
l4p HorsesIap. rcsras specified.
THECOMPLL
IL BATTLEHONOURS iU USTMTEDaATALOCdE 92.50inc UK posrase.

5 f,oE L!.,
Pod dnd packing OK and BFPO up to !20 . 5% of order over !20 | Ot of order
Ove6ss sEA 301 of orde. OvebeasAtR50t of order
OEtoo, nr. Cr.obotli ltortlDq, t(|dd.@h.t rr worc.. Dyt4 ARl| Ot4 632 62'
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When replying to adverts please mention lVargames Illustrated.
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WANGAiITI Page
CONTENTS
lllurlralerl 12 Andy Callan

15 ChrisPeers
The RussianCivil War.
Part 4: Wargamingthe R.C.W.
'The Great Billiance:'
Military
Opening Shot €ampaigns ol the Ming Dynasty,
The Wargarners Hobby trade seemsto havegon€ colour ad PaIt III.
mad.We'vegot four ofthem in rhisissue,andanotherthreein 1 8 GabnelMykaj BavarianCuirassiers in the Spanish
Wargames World#4, alsopublishedthismonrh.How, youmay
wonder, can the one-man,bands, small partnerships,and 20 Greg Foster Marcheou creva!The FrenchForeign
husband-and,wife teamswho makeup thecotrageindusrryside Legion.
of the Hobby afford suchluxuries? 22 Greg Novak & Eastof Chosin:a CommandDecision
It\ because - sinceWI & WW are "professional" wargames Tom Reed njnr'campaigngamefor the Korean
magazines producedfrom withinthisinfrastructure-our colour
adsare cheaperthan other magazineJbtack.n'white ones!- 30 Hannibalad portas!A Punicwar
even though we reach more wargamersthan they doll Eastwood campaigngame.
Stratagem Publicatiolswasformedby a wargarner to pubtisha Ross WargameRulesfor the Hoffe &
monthlymagazinefor wargamers,as opposedto an existing MacFarlane Musketperiod.
publisherdeciding ro publisha rnonthlywargames magazine for 40 PeterBerry Poltava
verydifferentreasonslThe endresulris obvious:we'reintent Ian Weekley A Spanishwindmill.
on puttingsomethingintothe Hobby,asopposedto rhefar-cat 56 ClassifiedAds.
who'sintenton makinga fastbuckout ofrhe hobbytThat'swhy
se get Lhe5upponof moslof lhe Hobbyrrude.
Hu[ahi An ancientofferingin thisissue-a Hannibalin the
SecondPunicwar mini-campaignlet'shavemore.(In fact,if totmalizatrcnot innft crry violpnc?200 yca,} alo 2,nn
you'vegot this month'sWargamesWorld you'vegot more: a nodeb Irom varyame' Foundrj. For he sane sc c fic
Romancampaign in post-Teutoburg Forestdisastercermany). seconhon-seethebackcovetofthe cuftentWargames Wo d.
It's alsogoodto havea KoreanWar Scenarioin€luded.Korea Back cover photos:
seemsto be the forgottenfillingin the WorldWar lI-Vietnam
15nm NapoleonicLance$, paintedby DouBMason,now in the
sandwich!
WargamesHoliday Centrc collection. Figurcs: Connoisseul
I sometimes suspectthar, because mostof rhe offerinsswe
The building "scratched'bJ Phil Robinson.
receirelandtherefore manyof rho.ese pubti,h)ra inlo rhe
1700'1900AD period,manyreadersthinkthar'swhatweprefer
Dircn Minidtures 25n,n Crand A iancefigures, painted by
and subsequently write something'Horse-andmusket'or 'TheDrcansnith.' Buildinq"scrutched'
'€olonial'.Our preferredperiod b) HalesModels,bated
isin fact3008Cto 2000AD-so
why not writean anicleaboutsomethingthar ononeofthoseintercstingCzechoslowkianca kitstehichBob
fallswirhinthose
limitsand sendit in for our considerationl

IMPORTANT SPENCER SMITH MINIATURES

Advenisersshould watch out for rubber chequesfrom the (Metaland Plartic2580mm scale)
Manhasset areitofNewYork. Severalhavebeenreceivedin the
past couple of months. The culprir is believeoro De an a Amen(nn Civil War ous sN i bainneE Daclare.
nlludnc ru6 and demosame (270 root,6b.av.lrt, a sunt
Englishman livingabroad.The policehavebeeninforned and f23,4t UK or €lt,4t o\eaedr pon paid
enquiriesareon-going.We d Uketohearfrom anyonewho can a American war oi Ind€F.dcme6den Y€.u W.r
provideany usefulinformarion.
Pri.€r M€ral Plaslic
Infanlry l3p
Cavary 20D
Subscriptions An ei t1.15
samper pack (mehlor planic) Il.9s
SUBSCRIPIIONSfor 12 issuesof wa.sanes lllustratedare Plei€ sendsAt for debih ro:
il8.00 iD tbe U.K. Europ€& rest ofthe World surface:C20. P.re tohnsron€, s laroqare rdd, chisaick,
Rest of the World airmail: 132. Lodon, W4 4QI, Unil.d Kngdm

CheqDes/Posshould be mad€ payable 1o:Stratagempubtica-

tionsLtd., aDdsentto l8 LoversLane,Neralk, Notrr. NG24
tHz.
5'.I. BIi|DERS
Ejndersfor Wargames lllustrated{capaciryI 2 jssuesJ
BACK ilUTEERS ln a gold-on-green
riveryI JUsrrr|\eNapoteon s)rhey d ow
All issuesfrom #4 are still availabledirect your copEsto scjnnrjate on your bookhetves.
from the publisherat f1.60 eachinclusiveof Postpajclprices:UK:f4.75 Europe:EslRestof Wortd: !6.
postage& packing& editor's coffeefund Fror! STnAIAGEI PUBLICAflOflSrrD.,
contnbutron. It Loy.6 l.nc, [cw.rl, Ic$a. Ifc2a fHZ, lngt d,

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 MINIATURE
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Southampton
SO2oAX (0703)220855
BegbtsrEdin EnglandNo937844 val 1880290
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CaoOS€lm.il HISTORICAL
MODELSFOR t5% upio €2o.q)
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LISTINGS
ADDlTlONSTOl5mm

TRADEENOUIRIES
WEL@MEDfOR PAODUCISBYMINIFIGS,aAI PARTM & GHOMICROANMOUR.
PfiONEor WnNTE
NEVIU.EDICKNSONFOROETAIIS.
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IGUBES BYTTG
{olancymetal,
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 s
25mm -American Civll Waf%
MINIATI INFANTRY (Choiceof Hat or Kepi)

ACW.54 ACW.55 ACW.57

ACW.58 ACW59 ACW.60 ACW.6t

A figurcsha|e the usualheadt'siants with choiceof HAT OR KEPI untersathetuisetisted. ZOUAVES
(Choiceof fez or Kepi)
Z o u a \ r . n a r c h r n s { r r h\ n a p ' d c l r m r x o l f e l l e p r . t u r b a na n J b o r r ( r '
A C W . 5 5 Inianlry stlndinseasy. opiinjrcret and blankeirol
I n f b n l r y! h r r g i n ! .l 1 \ e db a y o n . r . n dk n , p r J C l
l n J a n l r J\ l i r r r l ( \ ( . J n Jl , l t e r c Jl r o L , L 6 r. a m r n sh o m dJ r o r
A C W5 8 I!tun1ry.sackjacket.laUinsd!ad
ACW.60 zouuvciallin-cderd
A C W6 l Z oouudatvi .cJ.nr n
rmrmt ni!n
hu r( n r n r o r
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ACW.62
LOUISIANA (or Wheats)TIGER ZOUAVE (Choice of Fez or famousboater)

s@.
ACW.63 ACW.64 ACW.65
ACW63 Standinqfinns-slunr blanl,.rroll
aCwba K n e e h nfir a n ; . h , , r - . l e e v en'd { r u l l \ u o u ' e t s
A( $ o5 M d , . hn s : h o u l d e r endl e . n d b l d n l e ir o l l
ACW.56 Shirtsleeves andsc.uffy tlouseuchargins*ith fixedbayoret
'TEqB canalsobepsinted
and usedto reprdent other Zouavercgiments.By the rame
token the other Zouavescan bepainted to rcprcsentLouisiana TIGERS'_

ACW.66 CAVALRY (Hat or Kepi)

ACWC.4 (avalry.opcnjroket. at euscwilh shouun
H . l 9 S t r n d i n hg o n e .h e a dr a h e d

Phaseadd I07' for orde6 unde.t20

57,for orde6over t20
Orde6over!50 POSTFREE
Ir\
Our U.S. Disriburor is:-
t,,1
MrJ.B. Hood,Wargah.s,Box 2?8,Rolte 10 Easr, I oc*".o
TRIEDELPHIA, \v.V. 26059,Ar.a Code:r04 t47 0000 H19
Dixon Miniatures SpiryGrcreMi s, Linth\,,aite Huddenlieu,West Yorkshire HD7 sQG England.Tel04U 846162
 "n+flfffiHiiffifiiili'fii,fu.
Barcl.vcard & Access Orders Wdcome Mail OrderAddress:

S KYTR EX LIMITED
28 BROOKSTREET
WYMESWOLD
LOUGHBOROUGH
LEICESTERSHIRE
il"i:jl"f rx?.
!$il:j; ^,jM:t_..^r?te:rf Telephone:0509213789

ACTION2OO
SKYTREX DAVGO%ooothNAVAL POSTAGE & PACKING
U . K .l 0 % o . d e rv a t o e
O V E F5 0 0 w e l l d e t a i l e dm e t a l s c a l em o d e l s n l h e r a n g e .
M d " y r o ' e d L e f o " l a a s Fr h s y e d .
B F P Ol E u r o p ea) s a b o v e
%ooth WW2 STARTEBPACK t7.50 BFPO(OulsideE0fope)
F u l e s& d i c e p l u s G e r m a na n d F u s sa n i n f a n t r ya n d t a n k s .
PACKS
%oothREINFORCEMENT
SRITISH BAITLEGROUP 15!'4 GERMAN HEAVY ASSALJLT PACKI5.OO U.S.A, \
I r n l a n r roya . r i y H e a v y w e a ; o i s p i c 2r E e l a n r2 J a q d p a d h s
2 0 a m e r r v c a ^2 C h u r c h , l s I S r u ' m o a n eVr 2 s i l q | |
2 She,manI Cromwel I Slurmlge, '"dh c{.rosue I
ANTITANKPACKT5OO Nrrd cdioqe. t
BRTISNANTI,TANK PACKT5OO GERMAN
2 x 6 o d t2 x l ? D d r . 2 x 2 5 o d t 2Slusl2Hdte' I J:sdo. [er
2 brcicdrd I Ctusade,qun tado, 2:75mm Parlo I t50mm Par33
2 ouad - lmber2 anikry.iew n, ps I :33mm Flar36 2 anibry dew nros TRITON
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2 x S u 7 62 r S u l 5 2 STAS1ERPAC( f11 r0
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and ftsae,or rwo s des
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dea sze lor waGamnq andcolecrnq
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l o d e sn o w
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sde) 12 20
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3 v / r 4r o . , e r, ' o b T ..0 nw.a.i;";;;; _".
Over20mo'emodes avaiabe 2 02 2 G s m d i r 0 5qmf rnt u ( f t 1 2 9 5
REOEAGLESTABTER PACK f1O 2036 Ce,nriM0 mms - lri tl aC
'u es- a r(,ah
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2 0 4 9 q3 - r v ?0 d ' A i q r f
Aga
Ir 95
W a n o r dG a m e s S h o p B.H.Enterprises,
, KeepWargaminq. 2 06 2 3 r n : 1 7 f r r r f t3aq
6aMeadowRoad, TheKeep, ? 06 9 & r n a M 2 l , r i r L r r n95
Kingswood, teMarcha Baiiacks, 2 0 ? 5 & r y : r ! 8 ' eB n ,s t295
N1gNP Garston,Heris. LondonRoad, 2 0 1 6 & r y A : Cr . i 1395
Oevizes,Wits. 205r R6s;i l00mnAI q"i
(DavidDellerlvlodels), 122La4 HtllRoad, 2c58 RdrhGAiliS[ra 1395
2 0 6 4 R c s a5 l n nA r g r i |295
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2 0 r g U Sr / 3 4 u , i 39 5
2 09 7 & r i ' A 3 r r r t! 50
2093 &rsfcor(. i.r 1450

ABMADA& RENAISSANCE
NAVALRULESf2,95
Sat & Cannon- ir,sa here
Oac & Crossbows, The Almada 1588
s i n q reh er i n qo r S p a nbs . d do ' d e s r r o r
r h eE n q r sphc k s w ' h r h s e5 u o e ' b
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150roi Armpd
SA43SFAITISH GALLEASS 420
€' 95 8N21TII8XISHUNGEGALLEY f2.50
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healyboadside cannon rheseve$ehwere 8it22TU8XtSHMtDtUM GAUIY t2.20
lodidableopponenb b gareys. Tudish
'lhdse ,kets dd SPANISHFI-EET
w*d a Christian\efld" weaeoi Jn$ SA{0SanMadiil000ronCalmi f5 95
RN2FLAGSHIPGAUTY f2 95 usedat rhe Barle dl lepantowheresn Be.e ta4r sanchrisrobei
700ronArned
NMLARGEGALLEY T25O Canack t4 95
Sflloorhrcerufedsalswlrhma{s €1.00
sA4zSadLdrenzo600ronGar€$e rit 95
NMi'IEDIUMGALLIY E2.20 Al nodelsre suppliedwirhlu lsaik !slhese SA43SanSalvadorgmroiGaleoi15.95
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Veid ai, Genoe5eol KiiqhGo, Maha requtedRN100 mun be odercdsepalately Derahto,S3ilMorils
B€NAISSANCESTAF]EB PAC( !'1-OO

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10

ESSEXMINIATURES
25mmREADYMADEARMIES
ONLYT43.95POSTFREE!
Getto gripswiththe enemy- orderan Essexreadymade25mmarmytodayandsaveover€5.Eacharmyconsistsof
approximately |50 pieces(exceptelephantarmies)andwhereverpossiblewillconform to WRGlislings.We have
trooptypesandposeswilhinlhe sameunitif possible
includeddifferent lo givevarietyandrgalismlo yourforces.
MEDIEVAL: s25 SMhian 700 BC-50BC s53 Vikino790n070AD
Thiecisn700Bc46 AD s54 Va6ioid and Russ8oo-1054AD
SA Eailylhpeialist NewKingdom Egypban 1580BC-1085gC Pre-Fe-udal
Sc$fiish846-1124AD
s28 LaterHoplileGreek450BC-275BC No€e lish846-13004D
54 Ea ycrusader s29 AlexandianMacedonian355AC-330BC s57 AngloDanish855'1075aD
s30 Alexandan lmpeial3308C320 BC s58 KhilanLiao907-1125AD
s31 AsiaticEarlvsuccessor320Bc-3o0Bc s59 NikephonanByzarline96+1071AD
s32 Lysimachid32oBc'280 Bc
s33 Mac€donianEanvSuccossor
3208G260BC FENAISSAIiICE
s34 Selercid320 6C-a3BC 560 Calholic Crusade/or lmpenalistturny
slo ottomanTud( s35 Pynic300 8C.275BC S61 spanish- Larer16thc. !o 1620s
S11 Swiss s36 LalerMa€donian260BC.14ABC S62 AusldanHapsbuE- l\,lid16lh.Eady17lhC
512 Knighls
of St.John s37 EarlySaxon250AD-885AD s63 Durch16lh Eady17rhc
s38 Palmyran200AD-272AD s64 DurchliBt hali of 17lhc
s39 565 Spanish1630-1659
s40 Hrnni.374AD,466AD 566 Enohsh CMtWa- Roval'sl
s4r Lombard45lAD-10184D S67 En6hsh CNrlWal-EailyParliamenbnan
S17 EadyBu€undian s42Buloar4€2ADn018AD
518 BumundianOdonnance s€ stai 5ooAD-1018AD 569 scots Foyalisl
S19 Frdch Ordonnance s44 Avarsso A0-826AD S70 ScotsCovenanter
S20 SkimishGroupOwoForces) S.r5Welsh580AD-1420AD s71 Polish1510,1700
s46 Khazar586AD-l083AO S72 Muscovile1550-1629
aNctENt'si s47 T'ang& FivsDynasliss
Chinsse s73 Muscovile1630-1690
S21 lndian800BC-320BC 615AD-980AD
S22 Indian320 8C.220BC s,a ArabConquest620AD.660AD S75 Tarlar
S23 Indian220 BC-50AD s49 ArabEmpife660AD-909AD 576 Persian15lh-17th
C
s24 lndian50 AD onwards
NAPOLEONIC: s51 ThemalicByzanline650-963AD COLONIAL:
S85 F€nch s52 LalerFrankish,Br€lonor Norman70G S87 British/Egyplian
s86 Bitish 1072AD S88 Deruish
Send S,A.E.for our new 25mm calalogue- Oedit Cad orderc Phone 0268 64809 Access - vlsA
Unill, Shannon
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Shannon Thames
Square, Estuary
Estate,
Canvey
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ANSCHLUSS IT'sHERE
PUBLISHING rhe Ebb& Flowof Battle:Module2:rhe 1813campaigns4.85
Following the major su@essofModule 1: The 1809Canpaign we now As if that vasnt enoush,we olfer not only 1809PRO-PACKS.but
pmudly presert Module 2: The 1813C@paicn. now also1813PRO-PACKSI
The IiFt complet€gamesystemfo. the Napolonic periodCtu*l This Yes.the ANSCHLUSSCOMPLETEPACXAGE now includes6mm
game systemgives YOU the chame io exp€ri€ncecoMd throuch Co.p6& DivisioG, individully bassedto gowith the Ebb & Flownles.
GRANDTACTICAL WARGAMING rhe iiianic 1813STRUGGLEOF (Ofcouse, ifyou wish, youcance the ncues for otherselsoftules-The
THX NATIONS.
Here at l6t, you havea gamesystemwhcih accuEtely rensts every You can now have an historically accuate CorF fo. as little as
nuan@ola specinccampaign 412.00.o. a Divisionfo. abouti3.50.
SO WllAT DO YOU GET FOR YOUR MONEY? No wast3se,jusi ihe troopsyou need!
Goodquestion...Youget a set of rutes which comprehensivelycoveE You realty savemoney and all the had work is donefor you.
every 6pect of the 1813 campaign. You gei an EISTORIOA!
INTRODUCTION. SCALES & DEFINITIONS (13 sepuare sub- Ifyou want moredetails sDnd a SAEfor the tull PRO-PACKSLISTS
.YOUR QUESTIONSANSWERED'SHEET,
headinss inctuding Time of Day, weather, obstacles,RedoubLs,and &
OrdeE). MOVEMETYT(13 sepeate sub-headincsincluding Theaire
od Tactical Movehent), FIRING (8 separatesub-headingsincludins
Amuifion dd Grand Baiferies). COMBAT INITIATIVE idclu.ling
Altied Conmand Disagleementand the Amy ofthe North, MORALE
including Cossacks,Landwehr and Defeciions, MELEE, supply,
AFTER TIIE BATTLE and CAMPAIGN SUGGESTIONSincludine
TWO CAMPAICN HEX MAPS Army/Unilom Gllde. e*h. S3.7s
ALL TTIIS AND ONLY ONE QUICK RETDRENCE SIIEET
Oh,yes...6 well 4 the oles you al$ gei 44pages- YES!44PAGES- of
FULL HISTORIC{ ARMY LISTSfor all forcesple*nt ai the Baitte of
taipzig, dom to baitalion & squadrcnlevel.
Of coDR, 6 well as atl ihis the book lists in this ad. elve you a
compleLe back-upsenice both for accountsandrefighting the battles of
1813,as wetl as mifom guides.

79 GODFREYROAD, SPIXWORTH. UICBFPO36p gefTilt€.

NORWICH,NORNOLK EUROPE 55pDe.Tire.
Tel (0603)890495 alF tvtatl- fl.50 per Tiie.

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 1l

TOTALSYSTEMSCENIC
11, NORTHSTREET,WISBECH,CAMBS.PE13 lNP
IIRFAIH AVAILABLE INVERDAI{T GREEN OFSAIID TSS55Sralghr@asX,ns winI aibea.h e75o Mt{ laTRtx
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TSS€ Snadhrlm.h mn id hmmhlmrs o,oud !-bl9 TSS502 sxaohiF@d smarrbr@rannsma rad C700
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12

THE RUSSIANCIWL WAR

Part 4: Wargamlngthe Perlod
by Andy Callan

FIGURESAND EQUIPMENTTO USE The afii ery opened the atkck and the colouts verc
unfu ed, the men ||ere dnwn up in battle anay to the soundof
Peter Laing producesa small range of fisures in 15mm l,,uslc.Buglesnnq out and the standardsfloated on the breeze.
(includingskitroopt specificallydesisned lor the Russ'anCivil Swordstlashedand a cheerwent up and themenmoved[oNad
war the onlymanufacturer, to my knowledge, todoso.In my in acloudofdust. War,belorctheadventoftheaercplane,the
opinion,however,the mostapproprialescalefor thisperiodis motor car. the tank and barbed sirc nust have beenlike this
6mm, and this givesa muchwider rangeof choice.lregular
Miniaturesproduce anextensionWWI rangecoveringinfantry, The vast expanseof the theatre of operations,and the
cavalry,artilleryandstaff.Don'tfeelobligedto restrictyourself relativelysmallnumbersofcombattroopsinvolvedcontributed
to the Russianrange- the Britishfiguresarevirtuallyidentical to the strategicand laclicalfluidity of the fighting so a large
in manycasesand a suitablepaint-jobcanlurn a pictelraobe table with open flanksis a necessity in a RCW wargame.A
into a very acceptablebudionovkain this scale.Equipment bridge,a villageandrailwaylineareprobablyall youneedin the
otherthanaircraftis moreof a problem a machinegunon a wayofterrain objectivesandthe countryside canbe eitherthe
shieldedSokolovmountingneedsto be taken{romthe Heroics oDenDlainsof the Ukraineor the denseforestsofNorthRussia
ww2 range,for example,andthe Austinarmouredcarcanbe a;d Siberia.In e'thercasethe off-tableflankingforcecanplay
eivena halftrackassembly only by removingthe tracksfrom a
suilabletank model.?acnar,tascanbe convertedfrom model Howeverit is essentialto bearin nind a coupleof special
cartsor limbers,bul the arnouredlrain is moreof a problern.
factors. Firsdy, the gatheringof military intelligencewas
The Inegular Miniatures train could be convertedto an usuallyverypoor,duelargelyto bothside'shabitofshootingall
armoured rerrion.bul I.{rarch-builI mineu5ing 'qudre'ection (andsuchof therankandfile who
caDtured officers/commissa:s
balsarod. with turretsandsmokestacks from oddsandendsin
couldnot be persuaded to changesides).Secondly,the lackof
th€ bits box. whatmightbe called'commonstandards ofrnilitaryefficiency'
An appropriatelyrusticlookingRussianpeasanthut (rzba)amongstthe RussianOfficer class(who, remember,were
can be carvedfrom a wine cork (availablefrom home brew
servingon both sides)- in the wordsof a Britishobserver'itis
outletsifyour consuaptionis noi sufficientto buildup a village
alrnostimpossible to believethe elasticityofRussianideaswith
in a respectabletimel) andanyEuropeanchur€hmodelcanbe
regard1otime. Any Britishofficeror NCO dulyturnishedwiih
givenan Orthodox'lookwith theadditionofan omateknobor
a watchandorderedto despatch apatrolai a givenhouris more
stopperfrom a pedumebottle or rhe like. $an likely to carryout the order.Not sothe Russian.To hirn
four andfive o clockmeanmuchthe samething.After all, he
will say, they are both early in the morning.'Basicallythe
SOME THOUGHTSON RIJLES Russianofficerdid thingswhenandifhe felt like it. Couplethis
freshfrom the with the tendencyof politicallyunreliabletroops(and ifl the
Accountsof the war by Allied eye-witnesses,
horos of the Westem Front, paint a picture of a wholly €ivilwarthismeansnostofthem) to go AWOL or desertto the
unfamiliarstyleof warfare: enemyifthings lookedto be goingbadly,and you havesome
ideaof the difficultyof implement;ng anythingotherthanthe
mostslmplemanoeuvres.

-1-:-tj.7.-':,-V?i-';..a1,2==,"--

1:84
 13
What is needed,to accuratelyreflect the chancter o{ the Orders
fighting,is somethinglike an ACW setwith twefltiethcentury Maxinum numberof ordersper side per turn : numbei of
weapons.Add to this somethingakin to Ancient/Medieval order dice allocatedto C-in-C at the start of the game.
notionsof commandandcontrolandyou shouldgo someway (Normallyno morethantwo-thirdsof.he numberofunitsundei
towardscapturingthe free-flowingbut unco-ordinated styleof his command.)
fightingthat characterisedthe RussianCivil War. Place the order dice (:D6's) beside units (companies,
My own rules,givenbelow, are of the 'Nasty,Brutishand squadrons, guns)at the start of the turn sequence.
You can
Short'schoolthatWargameDevelopments haschancterised as placemorethanoneorderdi€ebesidea unit andthuseiveit a
'One Brain Cell'. The objectiveis to achievesubtleresults bett€rchanceof obeying.he order,but the dicemustshowthe
throughtheuseofsimplemechanisms ntherthan seekto cover samenumberuppemosl.
everypossibleeventualitywith sheathsof probabilitytables- Ordersthat may be given = the followingnumberson the
Like all suchrulestheyrequirethe servicesof a nimble-witted
and imaginativeUmpire, and the participationof playersfor I : Move
whomthe gameitself,ratherthan the winningthereof,is the 2 : Fire
mlng. 3 = Re-deploy
4 = Rally
5 : Attack
RUSSIANCML WAR-RULESFOR A 6mm 6 - 'Special'
ONE BRAIN CELL WARGAME
Thebasictacticalunitsarecompanies,squadronsandindividual To carryout anord€rbeatthescoreon theorderdicewirhrhe
cre$-servedweapons. roll of a Dl0. (0 = zero)
Groundscaleis lmm = I metre. + l: armour,artillery,cavalryor elite infantry.
Organisefiguresin groupsof 3 infantry,2 cavalry. 1: eachDP on unit, eachcasualtysuffered.
Infantrygroup - squadof I0 men. Throughtouttheserules'DP' : disruptionpoint. Maximum
Cavalrygroup = squadof r0 men. numberof DPh on a unit at any one time is hve.
MG : 1 mairhinegun and crew. Ifa unit failsto carryout an order,tale oneDP. (Doesnot
Gun : 1 artillerypieceand crew. applyto retreatingtroopstakinga 'rally' roll.)
lvehicle=lvehicle. 9 + total on a rally roll removestwo DP's.
Turn Sequence Movement
Issueorders(NB mustattempttorallyretreatingunitsuntiltheyInfantry: D6 x scms
leavethe table,at which point they are deemedlost.) Cavalry: D6 x l0cms
2. Fning (optional). Road: up ro a maxlmumnormal
3. Movement.
T€stmoraleif beingchargedby at leasthalf own numben or Trains: as cavalryon roads
Transporttanks: as infantry
5. Firing (Units that did not fire at 2. only). Armouredcars/tachankas:
6. Hand to handcombat. Crossobstacle: take one or more DP's as
7, Testmomleafter handto handcombat. specifiedby Unpire.
8. Testmoraleif adjacent.
t4

liriry 'Special'coversanything'fancy' at the umpire'sdiscretion

Total up hit points= and shouldcoverall indirectartilleryfire.
Half a point for each infantry/cavalry group firing
3 pointsfor eachmachinegun firing
2 pointsfor eachartillerypiecefiring SELECTSOTJRCES
(minus1 eachDP on firing unit) Only generallyaccessible worksin Englishtha. I havefound
(minus1 each10cmsto targetfor dfles and machineguns) particularlyusetulare included.The bestand most accessible
(minus1€achgunfiringatlessthan40cmsor morethan200cms) single-volume work is:
25% effect againsttrenches E. Mawdsley:The R4ssianCivil Wat (Allen & Unwin, 1987)
50% effectagainst€overor armour The Int€rvention
Double effect againsttroops on road in column of march. C. Dobson & J. Millel: The day we alnost bonbed Moscow
Riflevmg'sscoreadditional50% effectagainsttroopsbehind (Hodder& Stoughton,1986)
targetwithin 20cnsand in open. R. Jackson:At War wid rne Bo.islevrks(Torn Stacey,1972)
Roll one D6 for eachhit point (ignorefractions) North Russia
5/6 = casualty(Removeone squad,etc.) E.M. Halliday:me IgnorantAmies (weidenfeld& Nichol
Z3l4 = take one DP son, 1958)
1 = no effect
Only casualtiescountas hits on armourand = take 2 DP\. Soulh Russia
JohnHanis(ed):Farewe, fo fte Do, (Collins,1970)
Hand to Hand Michael Malet: Nesror Makhno in the Ciyil War (Macmillan,
Treat as firing at zero rangeat 50% effect.No deductionfor 1982)
Polish-Soviea
War
Norman Daviesi White Eagle. Red Star (Macdonald, 1972)
Moral€ A. Zamoyski:Baulefor theMarcr.lardr(ColumbiaUniv.Press
Testwhenindicatedin tum sequence (above) 1987)
Roll one D10
minusI €achDP or casualty Fiction
minus2 infantryvs cavalry lsaacBabel:Red Cavalry(Penguin).Shortstoriesbasedon the
minus3 any troopsvs armour aurhor'serperience."ervingqith lhe Konarmiya.
Needs3+ to passtest. MichaelBulgakovilre Mite Guard(Pan).Setin Kiev during
Iftest faih taketwoDP'sandretreatnormalmoveimmediately. the chaosof 1918.
Ceaseretreat only on a'Rally'roll on the order dice. If a MichaefSholokov:ArdOuietFlowstheDon &The Don Flows
(Penguin).Epic sagaof dissentions
retreatingunit rollsa zeroon its orderdiceit failsto moveand Home to t e Sea amongst
surenden to any enemyunit that finishesthat tum within a the Don cossacks during the Civil war.
normalmove'sdisance. Filn
After handto handif both unitsstandor retreat,roll again Eisenstein'sRevo.lurior:Dramaticreconstruction, with a cast
with no adjustnents.Highestscoreholdsground.If drawagain,
Dt. Zhivago, Excellentsceneson the breakdownof disciplinein
the Tsaristarmy, andof partisanwarfareduringthe €ivil war.
DESIGNER'S
NOTES Featuresan armouredtrain. (The only one t've seenon filml)
The'orderdice'areanattemptata simplemechanism to reflect Redr:Don'tpaygoodmoneytogoandseeit, but try andcatch
an indisciplineand 'friction' that characterised the €ivil war the last half hour if it\ on television.There'sa glimpseof a
armies.Becausethere is a limited numberof order dice a tachankain action(de-bussing from a train!).
commander cannotgetall ofhisunitinto actionat once.A unit trpilogue
mustpassthe ordertesteachtimeit takesanaction opensfire, I'll leavethe final word to KomFront (Front Conmander)
continues firing, movesoff, continuesmovingetc. A failureto MikhaelNikolayevitchTukhachevsky:
carry out the ofder could be due to any one of a numberof Soldiersof the Red Arny!
reasons,none of which might be immediatelyobviousto the The hour of reckoning hascone!
commander.For examplea unit might ceasefiring becauseit The amy of the Red Banner and the arny of the predatory
hasrun out ofammunition,because the enemyhasdisappeared WhiE Eagle face each other in nortal conbat!
in a fold in theground,orbecauseofa breakdownin dhcipline. Over the dead body of Whne Poland shines the rczd to
All the conmanderknowsis that the fiing hasstopped.Since wo d-vr'ideconflagration!
hedoesn'tknowwhy,thereis no needfor therulesto explainit, On oM bayonetswe shall bring happinessand peaceto toiling
so a baddiceroll is asgooda wayofsimulatingthisasany.Ifan
actionbecomes parti€ularlycrucialhe may chooseto alloQat€ To the West!
morethanoneofhispreciousorderdiceto oneindividualunit The hout of the attack hasstruckl
so as to increaseits chan€esoI obeying. This reflects a On b Vilna, Mn,k znd $ztsdw! Mdtchl
commanderpaying specialattentionto an operationandtrying
to ensurethat it is properlyexecuted,But rcmembettake one PATRICIANMINIATURES
DP for eachfailure!
If a unit retreats.the commandermustcontinueto commit Complete WargamesServices.
per
oneorderdice tum tryingto mllyit. Thispreventstoo eager Quality Paintins Service & To-Order T€rrain Service.
'sacrificial' F o r r h e B e 5 lA v a , l d b l eb. d c l c Jb ) a P e r o n a lS e r ti c eg u J r r l
a useof unitsin hopelessattacks. r e e i n ps a r r , t a c t r ocl u n r a cur \ n o w l o r a f R f L q u o r d r i o l o
.l
'Re-Deploy'asan orderis takento covera changeof front,
s€nd an SAE (or 2 IRC s) for our FREE Caialo-sue.
limberingup or unlimbering,mountingor dismountingetc. 79 lthe.ington Road, Hull, HU6 ?JR.
'Attack' meansatt€mptto closeto hand to hand. Tel: (0d2) 851231Diy or Evenits.
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THE GREATBNILLIANCE:
The Military Campaigns of the Ming Dynasty
Part III: Military Technology
by Chris Peers
Medieval Clina was for a long rime economically and aid of a l'indlas.swfiich allov,edhigh draw-weightsto be ul€d.
t€chnologicallylhe world's leading po$,er d€spite its polirical Rangel'as up ro two-thitds ofa mile, and somemodelscould
disorganisation. Indeed ihe @ntrast b€tween Cbina and shootseveralbolts simultaneously.For the idfantry, a .epeating
Europ€ in the Sune period (loth-l3th ceduries) has been crossboq,wasdevis€d;loadedfrom a magazideabovethe stock
comparedwitb that between the developedand und€veloped by working a lever, thes€could shoot20 bolts at a rare of one a
worlds today. It was natural therefore that the armed forces aecond, althougb range was reduc€d- Reconstructionshave
should have looked to technologicalsolutiors to their diffic:rrl- rcached a marimum range of 2m yards, but eferrive rang€
ties, and althoughi! most be said that rheydo not seemto have would be around 80. Bolts *ere often poisorcd to comp€rFate
givenanydecisiveadvantag€over enemi€s$rch asth€ Mongols, for the lossof penerratiflgpower. Weapors of ahisB?e did nol
they did Foduce a number of inaeresting*eapons which by die out wirh rhe inrroduction of fir€arms, but are mentionedit
Ming timeswere highly developedand give (be period a uniq!€ military manualsas late a5 the 1640s.
flavour.
NOCTETS
Rockets were fitst us€d in war around 115(),and are usuallv
cRossBows associaredwith rbe Soutftrm Sung dynasty. but in fact rhey
The crossbowhad been kno$n in China sincethe 6th century reachedtheir mon widespreaduse under the Ming. Different
8.C., but in the llth century a number of improvementshad kindsof gurpocrdernixturc were usedaccordingto rhe desired
beenmadeto the basicdesign,l-arge artillery crosstro$csuchas rcsufb, but for rockets a slow-buming latriety wrah OV"
werc mounted on towers were by Ming times cocked$/ith the salipetre was mosacommon. The trasicweapon$as simply at
arrowwith a steelheadaflda rocketattachedto the shaft;this usedin the defenceof towns,but wasmolt popularin naval
wasfiredon a hightrajectoryandfellonto theenemyonlywith warfare,spreading oil on the \raterin fiont ofan enemyfleet.
the forceofgravi.y.The Ming d€velopeda handheldbamboo Fire could also be deliveredby hand-thrownbombsusinga
launcherwhich couldfire a volleyoften arrowsat once.These napalnlike compounddesignedto stickto an enemy\ flesh.
wcre one-shotweapons,but were very light, and up to five
couldbe carriedby eachman.Rangewasabout350yards.but MINES AND BOMBS
they were usuallyfired from half this dislance.Rockelmen Highly-explosive gunpowderwas knownby the 11thcentury,
couldbehidd€namongothertroops sothattheenemycouldnot and used in cast iron shellsto producebombs.Thesewere
seewhatthey werecarrying,or sometimes formeda comman deliveredinto besieged townsby catapults.which.emainedin
dcr's bodyguard. usethroughoutthe Ming period. and were known as chen-
Larger missileswere fired from heavicr launchers,otten t ien-lei', "Heaven-shaking ihunder'. One bombcoulddevas-
mountedon wh€elbarrows. whichconsistcdof woodenframes ratea tenthol an acre.producing,uch hearlhatironarmour
with holesin to hold the rockets.drilledat a slightangleaway mehed. The Ming came up with a novel variationin the
fron the centreto increasethe dispenionof th€ fire zone. "underground sky-soaringthunder'or land mine.A banneror
Rangewasaboutl000yards.andup to ahundredrocketscould similarwouldbe stuckin thc groundandlcft for 1heenemyto
be fired in a vouey.Therewcre numerouskindsof launcher, find and take as a trophy.On approaching, the victimswould
eachknownby a namesuchas Bees'Nest. *HundredTigeri' trip a cordwhichoperateda flint andsteeldevicelike an early
or-LongSerpenf . andlhey wereusually fieldedin batteriesof flintlock, lighting a fuse and explodinsburied containersof
six-A hundredbatteriesappeared at onebattle,andit hasbeen gunpowder.Sea'mineswere also used.sent floating on the
esrimaledthat 32.000rockets could have been launched currenitowardsan enemyfleet, the chargecarefullytimedto
simultan€ously. Somecarriedexplosivcwarheadsor scattered detonatewhen a stick of incenseburnt down to the fuse. If
calrrops, and one type supposcdlyrivalled the mode.n anyonewantsto devisetheir own rules for thesedevicesit
Tomahawkmissileby flyingro a pre-setdistance.droppingan shouldnot be very difficult,but bcarin mind that the misfire
explosive bombandthenignitinganother rocketandflyingback rate wouldbc at lcastas high as for a flintlockmusket.Their
to the lau'rchcrlLater experiencewith rocketsin India and ingenuityshouldnot misleadusinto ovcrratingthereliabilityof
Europeshowedthat they were inaccurateand lackedkilling medievalgunpowdertechnology.
power.but asa psychological weaponlhey hadtheir uses.and
manysetsofNargamesrulesreflectthischaracteristic. I do not GUNS
think thal eventhe heavymulliplelaunchers shouldbe equated
Thc true gun is a logicalprogression from rhe firelancerlhich
with true gunpowderanillery.andit is inlerestingio nole that
threw our small projectiles.By adding 80% saltpetrero
lheir usedeclinedwhen Europeancannonbecameavailable. gunpowder.the mixturewillexplodewith sufficientviolenccto
atthough thesmauertypesw€rc stilltobeseenat th€endofthe andbeforetheMing cameto power
fire a m;ssilelongdistances.
dynasty.For thosewishingto field rocketartillery.the main
this had bcenrealisedby the Chinese.The origin of gunsis a
rvpesusedrn lhe Iirh cenlur)$crc J' tollo$':
controversialsubjecr.bur Ming Chinacertainlyhad its own
Rocketsper volley firearms industryquite indepcDdcnt of Europeand in the late
(-Meteor shower") l.lth century far more advanced. Thc carliestknownChines€
Huo'nu-hsing-chian l0
handgun dates from 1288 und closcly rcscmbles laterEuropean
YiwoJeng ( Hornetnen ) 31
( Forty-nine) types. but it was on heavier anillcrr thar thcMingmainlvrelied.
Si-shi-chiu-she-fei'lian-chi.rn
Paihu-chi-pen'chian( Hundredtisers ) 100 EmperorYung lo serup a specialunit to studyanillerv-andin
1.112 ordcredthc dcploymentofcannonalongthebordcrsnorth
ofPeking. A manualof thcsamcdaredescribcs a lightgunI feet
FIRE.LANCES 8 incheslong andwith a calibreof 2vr inchcs.lvhichcouldfne
The firelance.whichgaveriscto the Europeanfire-pike.wasr eiiher one ball or 100smallbullets.L,rterin the l5th centurv
Chineseinvenlionof thc l0rh ccnru.y.It combineda spear- lhererppeureLl J o too' long un ,'n i, $hcclcJcul|rrle$hrch
bladewith a short-range flame-throwcr.lnd wasusedat verv couldfirea 30lbexplosive shcllfillcd$ith ironballstu a rangeof
short ranges.usuallyin defendingfo.tificarbns or against 800yards.Batterygunsconsisting ofmultiplcblrrcls in a frame
boArderson ships.Surprisingly. it w.rs)lso a popularweapon werealsoused.rnd adevicecalled-Misier Facing-Both-Wd) '
s
for cavalry.The generalname for tbis weapon$as -huo atiemptedto overcomeihe problem of slo$ rare of fire b)'
ch iang .buttherewerecountlessdifferentvarietiesdepending mountingtrvo barrelsback-to-back onassi!elsolharonecould
on the shapeof the bladeandNhethersmoke.poisonor solid be fired whilethe other wasbeingloaded.
projectileswere shotout alongwith the flames.They werea Allofthe abovecanbe equared fbrgamepurposes $ith 15th
favouritemethodof deliveringpoisongas.but wouldprobably ceoturv\leslernweapons.but someelile Ming unirs\ould be
havebeenmoredangerous to the userthan10anyoneelse.In equippedwilh verylargenumbers.HoNever.the !ast majoritr-
sieges.wherethey could be mountedifl mobile racksfiring of the army wasahva)sshort of guns.and technicalprogress
severalat once.andin skirmishes andnightattacks.thevseem rcmained arresicdat a l5th ccntur)Ic\cl. so thatNhennes
to have been useful.but in a pitchedbaule thcv wcre less Europeannodelsappeared thevquickl!replacedthc rraditbn-
effectivcas rhe chargequicklyburnt our leavingonly a spcar. al typesin rhefieldarmies.ifnor on rheNallsofm.rnypro!incirl
Nevenheless.fire-lanceswere popular in China down to
moderntimesas the! werc casyand cheapto make.
ARMOUR
FLAME.THROWERS Chinesearmourhadrerchedr peak of developmenrin thelater
Anotherinveniionofthe ingeniousSungdynasrv.the Chinese T ang d)nasly $irh the adaplarionof CentralAsian lamell.rr
flame-throwerwas basedon the Byzantinefire,siphonbui st!les. This armour was made of small iron plates laced
improvedr\'iththe additionofdoublc-acting beUows whichgave togethcr.and remaincdthc mosrimportantr)pe in Ming time.
acontinuousstreamof flame.The fuelwasprobablykerosene. Cavalrymenand membersof elitc infanrr] unitsusuallv\yorc
igniledby a fusein front oflhe nozzle.Thisfi€ndishdelicewas metal armour. as did rocket men. prcsumabl)bccauselhey
madeofbrass,andsprayedburningfuelforseveralyards.It rvas werehighlyskilledandthust(n)laluablcto risk unneccssaril\'.
Horsesare occasionally depictedwith armour,but I think that fragmentation andturmoil,but al thesametime greatadvances
this wasexceDtional: entire unitson armouredhorsesdo not in.crence andlechnolog). Sowhy drd China\ra8nare iusl as
appearin Ming art (incidentally,shietdsdo not seemto have Europewassurgingahead,especially in the miliraryfield?One
been normalcrvJlr) equipmenrerrher).Armour $as in reasonwasthe low prestigeattachedto the military.This was
commonuseuntil the 17thcentury,and less{avouredtroops not the case in Hung-wu'sreign, but in later years the
could wear protcctionof lealheror paper, but unarmoured exploiiationofthe soldiersandthe increasing emphasis on the
infantryappearfrequentlyin illustrations. scholarlycivil service,which treatedeven .he generalswith
Paperarmour,alsodevelopedby the T'ang,wassurpri$ngly contempt,madethe army an unattractivecareerfor anyone
strongand not necessarily a poor substitutefor metal. Mao with talenl.Thebureaucracy, on theotherhand,hasoftenbe€n
Yuan-I,wriringin 1629aboutthe warsin the southagainstthe regardedasprcgressive because ofitsemphasis on abilityrather
Japanese pirates.statedthat iron armourwasunsuitableas it than birth. The problemwas that this bloatedorganisation
rustedtoo easilyin the warm.darnpclimate,andthat bamboo, suckedin the bestbrainsof the counlry and forcedth€m to
leatheror horn was uselessas it was not bullet-proof.He de\olelheir atlentionto passrng e\aminalions in ev€rmore
reconmendeda kneelengthcoataninchthicknade oflayersof esotericformsof essay-writing.Theseessayswere firmly based
paperandsilk andlincdwi.h cotlon.Thiswaslight andeasyto olt the Confucianclassics.and when the official classwas
wear,but couldstop a ball from an arquebus. The paperwas selectedpurelyfor i$ onhodoxyin a belief-system nearlytwo
nade from poundedbarkandlinen.andwasusuallywhite,but thousandyearsold, not muchappreciation o{ new inventions
couldDresumablv be colour€d. waslikely. The scholarLiu Tsung-chou,for example,argued
againsttheuseoffirearmsin1642on thegroundsthattheT'ang
KITES and Sungdynasties(7th-l3thcenturies)had managedwithout
Themilitarykitewasprobablyoneofthe mostunusualproducls
of Chinesetechnology. Kite'flyingwasa long-esiablished sport, Another difficulty was the atmosphereof repressionthat
andby the 13thcenturytheywerebeingusedfor signallingand flourishedunder Hung-wuand his successors, and was made
for canyingpropaganda leafletsoverbesieged cities,dropping worsewhen the eunuchsand the secretpoli€emonopolised
themonto the defenders whenthcir stringwerecut. The Ming access to thecourt.It wassimplydangerous to drawattentionto
atiachedrccketsto kites, and developed a device known as oneself by criticisingthingsas they stood.The merchantclass,
"shen-huofei-ya", or "magicflying fire crow", wbich useda whichin contemporary Europetook the leadin organisingnew
kite to fly overenemylinesanda time-fuseto drop incendiary industries,was particularly threatcncd, as the emperors
bombs.MarcoPolo d€scribes manlifting kites.a sort of early despised themascollaborators undertheMongolsandcnacted
hang-glider, andalthoughthereis no recordofanymilitaryuses laws to lower their status.The whole Ming ethos,in other
{or thesethe possibilityis intriguing. words.wasdefensive. emphasising a returnto the pastandthe
inposition of a stifiingconformity.In addition,the yearsof
FORTIFICATION foreignrulehadbroughtabouta hatredofforeignerswhi€hwas
newtoChina:no MarcoPolowouldhavebeenallowedto work
As an exampleofthe sophistication offortificationtechniques for the Ming. and innovationswere oflen resbted purely
undertheMing. a typicalsectionof the Greatwall will suffice, because theywereofforeignorigin.Theterriblesavageryofthe
althoughit shouldbe borne in mind that many large towns Mongol conquesthad perhapsdamagedthe confidenceof
would be similarly protected.The first featurc to meet an Chinesecivilisationio the extent where the ingeniousbut
attacker,apartfrom mouotedpatrolsbeyondthe walls,wasa useless Great Wall wasparalleledby a similarbarrier in the
strip of carefully-raked sandto showup the tracksof raiding mindsof the people.ChenHo's expeditionshad provedthat
partieskying to get over by stealth.Sentrie!had a code by
they had the powerto expandtheir horizons,but theydid not
whichtheycouldusefiresandgunshots to conveyinformation.
Forexample.onefire waslit andonesalvofiredfor an attackby It wouldbe wrong,however,to givethe impression that the
under100men.up to five ofeachfor over 10,000enemi€s.By Ming Empireeversankto the depthsatlainedby the Manchus
day,colouredsmokewasproducedby addingsubstan€es such in the 19thcentury.Despileits relalivedecline,it still apeared
aswolf-droppingto thefires,anda chainofsignafstations could to lTth century Europeansas incomparablymagnificent,if
relaymessages al greatspeed,100milesp€r houl beinga rough chaotic.Therewasneveranopportunityfor Ming anniesto test
themselves properlyagainstthe westerners, but they did not
Outlyingforts. or "pao', wereconstructed on both sidesofdisgracethemselves againstthe Japanese,and cenainlyth€
the wall. andcouldbreakup andchannelan attack.or provide possibility of the Portuguese or Spanishconquering the Chines€
basesfor sortiesbehindbesiegerslines.Furtherback,"ch'eng" as they had the Azte€sand Incasneverarose.A numberof
or walledcanps held mosl of the troopsin reserve.The wall interesting scenarios suggestthemselves here;if rhePortugues€
itselfwasfacedin mostafeaswith stoneor brick, a projecting hadhad to fight Chioesegarrisonsto gainconrrolofthe spic€
bultressevery l50yardsallowingthedeadgroundat the baseto routesin the 1480s it wouldnot havebeena one'sidedcontestas
be enfiladed.and every300yards.ableto supporteachother their massacre of the Arab fleetstendedto be. Fitzgerald(see
withcrossbow fire. wasa towerwithportsfor{iringcannon.The Bibliography)hasspcculated on the outcomeof Tamerlanes
wallitselfaveraged around20feethigh.withthetowerssomezl0 plannedinvasionof Chinain 1,105 . whichwaspreventedonlyby
feet higher.In places.the wall itself was loopholedto allow the conqu€ror'ssuddendeathi I suspectthat a million men,
defenders to fire fromwithin.At invervalsof3mileswerelarger well-arnedby lhe standards ofthe time andundcran cnergelic
forts, built in commanding positionsandin sightof eachother
leaderlike Ynglo, would havebeentoo muchevcn for him.
for easeof visualcommunication. And - to stretchhistorya lirtle furrher, but not beyondthe
boundsofreason-what wouldhavebeenthe resultof a Ming
DECLINEAND STAGNATION fleet of say70.000men appearingoff Lisbonin the 1440s? As
I haveattemptedearlierin this series to givesome reasons for Gibbon night have said.I could be writingthiswith a brushand
the political declineof the Ming, but rnany other periods signingoff with a salutationto the thi(y'fifth emperorof the
demonstratethal political slabiliiy is not a prerequisitefor GrearMing Dynastyl
techno'ogical progressandscientificenquiry.ClassicalGreece In the final pan of ftis series,I will discusswargamingthe
and the Warring Statesof China. for exanple. were eras of Ming. and finishwith a Bibliography.
l6

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BAVARIAN CUIRASSIERS {ll h: rl !r<\ .oi.' irr.l {. , ,, f.l.,.l<ned
''lobstcrpot--helmctconlinucd
in ule in
cuirtr*.wh, r\(r Lhe
the earlyterrs oi the
by GABRIELMYKAJ Eighrcenth
(Aftcr Iloffman) ceoturyisopento debate butit makesfor a more
interesting figurelTricornis lhe alternrti\ehcadwear. andin
A t t h e s t a r to f r h e W a r o f t h c S p r n i s hS u c c e s s i oBnl \ a r i a h a d
hol $catherthe grc! coatcould be discardedin favourof the
four CuirassierRegimcnrs.cach of 6 squadrons Thc\ werc as
buff'coloured.cufflc\sKrnrho/. Trumperer\Norea irock coat
jn lhe l.rcingcolour.andthe lricorn.no cuirars.
Arco - Bluc lrcings Armamcnt$as astor rheDr.rgoons (SceWIll).
Weickcl- rcd ircings UnUkethe DragoonRegimcnts. lhe Cuirassrers \\'crenot
Wolfrxnrsdorf grcenfacings disbrndedafter ihe Blenhcirndisaster.bul tbughton \'!lh the
Latour- rcd iicinc! Batarirniorcesin the Los'Countric\.
20

Marche ou CrevO!
OR
WHAT WAS IT REALLYLIKE TO MARCH OR DIE
UNDERTHE BLAZINGSAHARANSUN?
by Greg Foster

"A moi la Legion!" cried Captain Saint-Arnaud€harging When the fhst Legionnairevolunteersarriv€d in Algeria,
towardthe breechedwall of Constantine."En avant!"Of the wearingbaggyred trousersand long bluegreatcoats, General
five hundredLegionnaireswho followed him through that vioral commandingthe corps d'occupationwas sceptical
narow gap into a hail of fire only fifty survived.Suchis the abouttheir usefulness as soldiersand they were employedas
historyofthe FrenchForeignLegion,a litanyofheroicdeeds- labourunirs.Ar thi\ time Abd-el-Kader wasemerging a' r
not confined10MoroccoandAlgeria,but repeatedin countries unifyingforce behinda multitudeof Arab tribes, mostlyin
as differentasNorwayand Indo China. westemAlgeda.In Parissalonshe wasprotrayedasa romantic
wherevertheymarchedanddied,formostofus, mentionof hero,a noble,poetry-writing, cultivatedman;theLegionwere
the Legionconjours'Hollryood' imagesof exhaustedmen, soon to leafn the truth. The war was to be fought without
with heavy blue gjeatcoatsand white kepis strugglingover quarter- for the Legionnairedeathheldfewhorrorscompared
desertdunesor battlingthroughsandstorms,finally dyingat to thosewhichawaitedhimshouldhefall aliveintoAmb hands.
the handsof screaming Arab fanatics.While this is obviously
not thewholestory,it is not too farfrom thetruth to providean
interestingwargame!
It waswith these,perhapsratherrornantic,imagesin mind
that 'The Friendsof Grouchy' wargaming Club set about
devisinga publicpanicipationgame.we decidedto go for rhe
'feel'ofthe thing ratherthantry to recreateactualbattles;the
public would play the variousFrenchunits and the umpire
wouldcontroltheArabs.Otherclubmemberswere responsible
for movingthe Arab units and 'Public Relations.'We also
decidednot to build fixed terain so that we couldplay out a
varietyof differentscenarios duringthe day.we found that a
few largedunesandan oasissatisfiedthe requirements ofmost
ofthe scenarios wethoughtup-Be€ause of thelargenumbersof
TheFrenchcommandwasforcedlo re-evaluate theiropinion
Arabsinvolvedwe decidedto follow what hasbecomealmost Legionnaires in 1832whena smallgroup,armedonly
're-cycle' of the first
commonpractisein the €olonialgamesand the Arab
with picksandshovels, foughtoffasurpise atta€kby menofthe
units; returningrouted troops to the table as they become tribe. The following year a Legion battalion
El Ouffia
available.To turther enhancethe feel of the gamewe useda held irs groundagainst6,000of Abd el Kader's
successfully
packof cardsto generateramdomeventsat lhe sta of each
cavalrv.desDitethe loss of 300 men. when Abd-el-Kader
gameturn. EventsvariedfrorntheFrenchdiscovering thattheir penuaded
otherArabtribesin Algeriato rejectFrenchrulethe
waterwasstagnant(or evenpoisoned)to 'immediateattackof Legion fought what was to be the first of many gallant
all Arab forces.'Therulesusedwerewrittenby Ben Wilkins. rear-guardactionsthroughthe Forestof Ismail.By 1836the
Thoughtypicallyinvolvingonly a few battalionsof Legion- French foothold in Algeria was securei allhough fighting
naires'andassociated units-pittedagainsthordesofArabs,the continuedin the southmostofthe'old' Legionwasmovedto
variationsarealmostendless; thelacticsof theopposing sidesin
fight abloodycampaign inSpain.Theywerecynicallyleft there
the desertpresentthe wargamerwith a multitudeo{ scenaos; by LouisPhillipewho setaboutraisinga newLegionto sendto
fightingretreats,heroiclast-stands, ambushes, death'or-glory
Algena.
The 'new' Leg;onarrivedin Africa in 1837andcapturedthe
Thediversityofunitsinvolvedon the Frenchsideat thistime city of Constantineand Djidjelli (assisted by locallyrecruited
is part of the appeal.ln additionto the Legion there were ZouavesandtheBattaliond'Afrique).Thecaptureofthecityof
Zouaves,Spahi(nativecavalry),Tirailleun(nativesharpshoo- beseenasa particulartriumph;situatedon the
Constanlinemay
tersrecuitedfrom Algeria,Moroccothe SaharaandSenegal), edgeofa cliffwith a 1,000foot dropon threesidesit wasfinally
Chasseun d'Afrique(nativeFrenchcavalry)andthe Bat.alions takenbyfronralassauk.l.was herethatCaptainSaint-Amaud
d'Afrique (which were penal battaUons).Their differenl cried,'A moila Legion!'ashe ledhismenin a desperate assault
capabililies,in thelaceofrelentlessArabonslaught, areenough
on the fortress-Even with their wall breechedthe Arab
to strerchany commanderto the limiit of his ability! defenders maintaineda determinedresistance andthe L€gion-
naireswere forcedto fight their way througha labyrinthof
narrowstreetsbeforethey could finally saythat the day was
ALGERIA rheirs.In recognition of itsfeattherightto form elilecompanies
HistoricallythefirstFrenchvictoriesin ihedesertwerebasedon ofgrenadiers andvoltigeurs,which hadbeenforbiddenafterth€
the use of heavy€olumnsand large-scale set-pieceba$les- SpanishCampaign,wasrestoredto the Legion'sbattalions.
 As the Frenchpenetratedmoreinhospitable terrainandthe with sand,theyweresometimes deliberately concealed by the
enemyresortedto guerillawarfare,new strategres and tactics Arabs.It waspossiblefor a manto dieof thirstjust a fewyards
had to be developed.Thesenew ideaswere introducedby ftom water,entirelyignorantofits existence. Oaseswereliltle
MarshalThomas-RobertBugeardin the 18'40's,just after better.Often little morethan poolsof stagnantwatercovered
Abd-el-Kaderhad declareda Jehad(Holy War) againstthe with greenscum,possiblycontainingtheoddputrefyingcamel.
invaders.They revolved around the use of small mobile Thel-egionleamedto digfor waternextto anoasesratherthan
columnsnumberingfrom a fewhundredto a fewthousandmen, drink from them.k wasnot unknownfor the Arabsto sellthe
carryingonly light suppliesandequipment,sometimes operat- uninitiatedpoisonedwateror to poisonthe waterholes.
ing in €once , converging on a previously selected objective. It was in this earthly hell that the l,egion encounterd the
'/azzia'(arnodemtermwouldbe people
Theseraidsweretermedthe for whomtheverb'to befree'alsomeant'to pillage'' the
'searchand destroy')and Bugeardintendedto use them to veiledTuaregof the Hoggar,'the abandonedof God.' What
retum the initiaaiveto the French.He established a seriesof they lackedin numbers,for at most there were only about
strategicstrongpoints from whichthese'flyingcolumns'issued 50,000Tuareg,they nade up for in ferocity.Their vi(ually
to ravagethe surroundingcountryside-Villageswere raided leaderless societyleft themfteeto rob andmurderatwill-Arab
and flocks driven off with the aim o{ keeping dissident caravansbought 'pardons'from them, guaranteesof safe
tdbesmenoff balanceand disorganised. It is thesecolumns passage,often paying several times as they encountered
whichareprobablyofmostinterestto the wargamer.Typically different groups. The Tuaregs' favouite tactic was to trail
they wouldconsistof a skirmishingscreenof nativetroops,a caravans, infiltratingthem,possiblyovera periodofdays,and
couple of squadronsof €avalry (Chasseunand/or Spahi), attackingonce they had gained the trust of their fellow
\everalmountaingunscarriedby mulesand.of course.oneor travellers.
two battalionsof the Legion. As the centuryprogressed the
introductionof bolt and nagazinedfles, light anillery and MOROCCO
mach;negunsgavethe Frencha tremendousadvantage over
their opponents(in .he 1840'sthe Arab 'jezail' outrangedthe Although apparently rvithout the knowledge or approvalof the
Frenchfirearms)allowingevensmallercolumns to undertake French government, the legion had aheadyoccupied Berguent
in Morocco,whenofficialoperations againstthatcountrybegan
1843wasa particularlysignificantyearfor tworeasons, fintly in 1907.The town of Oujda, which had previouslybeen
because the L€gionestablished a permanently fortifiedpostat occupiedduring the pursuitof Kader in 1844was captured
SidibelAbbes,whichwastobe theirbasefor thenexthundred withoutopposition. Thelegionfoughtnumerous skimhhesand
and twenty years,and secondly Abd-el-Kader was defeated, battles,many at seemingly insuperable odds; at Ben Denil in
althoughhe did not finallysurrenderuntil1847.Hisdefeatwas 1908seventy-fiveLegionnaireswere surroundedby 20,000
largelythe accomplishment of the Duc d'Aumale.Accompa- Arabs;they held themoff for one and a half daysbeforehelp
nied by 500 Legionnaireshe slumbledupon Abd-el-Kader's finally anived.
nomadiccapital with a populationof over30,000.The Duc's A complexseriesof eventseventuallyled to the establish-
courseof actionwasobvious;he chargedand,Allah notwith ment of a FrenchProtectorate over Morocco,signedin 1912.
'pacify'the country;the warlike
standing,the Arabswererouted.The lossof mostof his pack The Legionwasassignedto
animah,munitionsafld his treasurymeantthat Abd-el-Kader tribesintheJazaarcaweresubduedin 1914.buttheoutbreakof
couldno longerhope to pose a seriousthreat to the French. the FirstWorld War meant that the majo ty of Frenchtroopsin
EvensoBugeardpursuedhim into Morocco.Kaderdiedat the Morocco were tmnsferred to the European Theatre. The
ageof seventyfive, q'earingthe FrenchLegionof Honour- a government suggested to residentGeneralLyauteythat, in the
fine exampleof Frenchlargesse. circumstancees, he should retreatto thoseareasoccupiedin
In 1857the Legionundertookthe pacification of the Atlas 19{J7.lnstead, with the aid ofthe Legion,heproceeded not only
mountains;they playeda vital role in the battleof Ischeriden to hold his groundbut to expandthe areaof Frenchcontrol.
whicheffecivelyputan endto resistance fron Kabyles.In1859 Lyautey'sprogrammeof pacificatonwasinteruptedin 1925
theyweresentto defendIialy from AustriaandafterSolferino when Adb-el-Krim,havingMested the Riff mountainsfrom
andMagentathey wereorderedto Mexico. Spanish conlrol,declaredhimself'Liberatorof Morocco'and
'uniformed' in striking
By 1870the Legion had assuredthenselvesof a placein marched south with 23,000 Riffs
historyasoneof the world'spremierfightingunits'theyw€re black/white striped tunics. In 1925 Marshal Petainarrivedin
oncemorein North Africa. Moroccco with two infantry divisions and, after a hard-fought
Bou Anama appearedin 1881,takingAbd-el-Kader's place campaign, finally defeated the Riffs. Only a couple of weeks
as a rallyingpoint for the Arabs by declaringanotherJehad after the surrendero{ Abd-el-Krimthe kgion found them'
againstthe Infidels.When he failed to defeatthe Frenchin selvesengagedwith anT^therenemy.This time it was the
pitchedbattlehe,like Kader,resortedto guerillawarfare.The Berben,by now arned with grenades andautomaticweapons;
stern ColonelNegrier took commandand it \ras under his they were defeated in a canpaign which lastedonly thirteen
directionthat the forts - so popularwih writersof romantic days.However,skimisheswithvarious Arab goupscontinued
fiction- began10appearin the desert.Ofthe manyconflictsof andit wasonlyeightyearslater,afterthe defeatof the Ait Atla
this period the battle of Chott Tigri is worthy o{ particular tribe. that France could finally claim that Morocco was
'Dacified.'
rnention;300Legionnaires successfullyguarded the retreating
Frencharmyfrom a hordeof morethan900cavalryand 1,500
infantry.Bou Amamafinally sawthe light and relreatedinlo
Morocco,wherehe waswelcomedasa symbolof resistance to BIBLIOGRAPHY
Frenchexpansionism. Geraghty, T. March or Die. Crafton (1986)
HOSTILETERRAINI Metcet, C. The Forcign Legion. Batker (79&)
Frenchlin€sofsupplyranthroughhundredsof milesofdesert. Porch, D . The Conquestof the Sahara.Cape (1985)
Daytimeshadetemperatures reached130degreesFahrenheit; Tu(nblu]l, P. The Foreiqn res,or. Heinemann11964)
at nightthey fell to -20 degrees;dawnandduskwerethe best Windrow, M. The Frcnch Foreign L€gion. Patrick Stephens
timesfor marching.Waterholeswereweeksapart.Oftenfilled (r976)
 EASTOFCHOSIN
A COMMANDDECISION
MiniCampaign
Gamefor the KoreanWar
by Greg Novak and Tom Reed
BACKGROUND
Betw€o Novembe!28th and December1st, 1950,the 31st
RegimentalCombatTeamwasisolatedanddestroy€deastof
theC-hosin Rercrvoirin northemKorea.Overshadowed by the
fightilg withdrarvalof the lst Marine Division, this actiotr
providesa slrikirg exampleof theproblemsincunedwheorhe
forc€sof lhe United StateErunibdNationsfiIsl clashedwirh
thoseof thePeoplesRepublicoI Chbain thewinterof 1950,as
well as the wounds"self-inflicted"on the unit by a fault
commandsetup.
The"raccto theYalu" wasin full swineiDNov€mberof 1950
as the forcesof lhe U.S,ru.N. Dushednonhover the 38th
Parallelin thei! atteEpt!o destro:y
tbe remainingelementsof
theNorth KoreanArmy, andto unifyKor€a.Thewamingsby
the newlybstalled govemm€ntof rhe PeoplesRepublicof
Chinath.t lheywouldbo* unfavorabty onlh; arrivai;f Uniled
Nationsforcesonthe Yslu wereignoredbytheCommatrder of
the United NationsForces.Getrenl of the Arny frouglas
MacA.thur,asit wasnot f€lt lhat theCtinesehadth€ abilitvto
intervene.Tbe situatio! was worsenedir tur U-ani*
alloweda joiDt corhmandto fimction *itbitr Korea, as the
troops on the west coast wer€ pan of the 8th Army, under
LieuteDantG€neral Walker, while thoseon the easrcoas!were
an independentcommandknown asXth Corys, underthe di.ect
command oI MacAnhur's Chief of Staff, Major ceneral
Edward Almond. It had been Xth Corpswhich had carried our
the landing ar lnchon on the westcoastthat had broken the war
open, but it hadb€€ntransfered aroundthe p€ninsulaoI Kor€a
to the east coast ther€alt€r in a failed attempt to repeat its
The dual role held by Almond pres€ntedgrav€problemsfor
thosewho had to work with him in his role ascommand€rof Xth
CorF, as failure to please him could result in serious
consequences ft om MacArthur's headquarters.Almond's style
of command was dircct and often igDor€d the chain of
command. One of the first commandersto make use of the
newly develop€dhelicopter, he dashedfrom unit to unit in an
effort to drive on to th€ Yalu. Those wishing to camplain of
Almond's bandling of X Corp6 were dir€cted to officels who
werc sening utrder Almond's other role as Chief of Staff, with
the rcsult that complaintswerefew andfar between.Only in the
Marine lst Division, which wasassignedto the Xth C-orps,was
cdticism of Almond heard, and disobedienceto some of his
ordeG carded out.
 Part of Alnond's plan caled for a two prongedadvanceup 1. All movementrat€s at night arc halved:
past the Chosin Reservoir. The 1st Marine Division would 2. Wheeled vehiclesmoving off road must halve their move-
attacknorth with the 5th and7ih Marinesup the westsideof ihe
Reservoir, while the 7th Infantry Division would sendrhe 31sr 3. Vehicles may not crosscontour lines except on a road.
Regimental Combat Team up the east side of the Reservoir. 4. All Am€.ican PersonnelMovement is halved when movins
Tbe remainderof the 7th Infantry Division, aswel asthe newly on a slope,
arriving 3rd Infantry Division, and the ROK elemenrsunder
command would continue the driv€ further north. No real B. MGHT
attemptwasmadeto link the left flant of the Xth Corpswith th€ The following additions to the lules are added to cover the
rigbrflad of the 8th Army, w|rh the resulrtbara grpingbole problemsof fighting actions at night:
existedbetweenthe two commands. 1- Ordersto rcgroup may not be issuedby any commandstand
Thoughelementsof the Chin€seArmy hadbeencontactedby during a night tum. American Commandstandsonly may issue
the United Nations forces in October, there was some Rally Oders at night, but must be within 4' of the standsthey
reluctanceon the part of the s€nioroflicers to take the threat of are rallying.
Chinese intervention seriously, ev€n after the 8th Cavalry 2. Visibility at night, unlessillumination rounds arc used, is
Regimentwasmauledin late October. ln the Xth CorDs.the 1st limited to 4'
MarineDivisiontook rhe tbreatot Chineseinteweniionquire 3. Areas may be illuminated by artillery fire. lllunination
seriously, concenkatingiDro regimental srrength before rouodsare limited in the samemanneras smoke.and Dlaced
advancing.In contrast, the 3lst RegimentalCombat Team, itr during!fiecommandphase.An areaequatto4x rberoun;'sHE
ob€dienceto its orders, pushedon as quickly as possiblewith size is lit- In addition any stand in the backlit zone is also
the rcsult that it had becomestrungout in severalpennypackets revealed.The backlight zoneis equalin sizeto the illumination
whenthe Chinese80thDivisioD hir it on the nighr of November zone,and€xistsbetweenthe illumination zone,andthe spotting
nthl28th. unit. Thus a 4.2" sh€ll illuminates an arca 8,,x 8", and backlisht
aDaddirional8"in&ontoflbe zone.AI itiumioationroundsEst
THE GAME 4. Buming fucks or other vehiclesilluminate an areaasifit was
This gamehasa number of possibilitiesfor miniatures players the illumination zoneof an 81mmMortar. Roll a dice at the end
due to a combination of climate, terrain, and troop types. To of each tum. On a dice ro of 1-5 the 6re bums itseu out.
begin with, the Chosin Rese oir servesas an "€dge of the
world" for the areafought over. While the Reservoirwasfrozen C. SPECIAL RULES:
over, there was some question as to whether or not vehicles The following rules are usedto illustrate someof the problems
€ouldmoveout on its surface.A road andnanow guagerailway of this campaignthat were unique.
Ian up the eastside of the rcsenoir, hemmedin betw€enthe
shorelineandthe steepKorean hils to the east.At a numberof 1 Casualty Stands:Each time an American Srand is re-
spotschokepointsexisted,most importantly at Hi[ 1221, where gouped, or an AmericanStandis eliminated,a casualtystandis
a force could be cut off and isolated. The age of rhe radio produced. Casualty stands may not fight, are consideredas
equipment, combined with th€ weather, meant that com- patrol standsfor puryosesof transport, and if left to fall into the
municationsbetweenelementsof th€ 31srRegimentalCombat handsof the enemythat unit hasits moralehalvedfor the resrof
Team were poor at best, and communicationswith the 7th Ine game.
Division and 1st Marine Division non-existent. Otrly the two
ANGLICO teams with the 31st Reginental Combat Team 2. Trucks which are in contactwith enemystandsat lhe end of
managedto stay in communicationwith the outsideworld, and the opportunity fue phaseare consideredas being destroyed,
that wasfor the primary task of arrangingTactical Air Support. and seton fire,
The following gameis set up for use with the cDW WWII
Miniatures rules COMMAND DECISION. Ideally, six Amer- 3. All communicationbetweenplayers not at the sametable
ican playeis are needed,as w€ll as six Chineseplayers. Sone wil be controled by tbe r€ferees.
speciallules havebeenaddedto b€tt€r simulatethe problemsoI
this action, and a seriesof briefings are presentedto b€ givento D. SUPPORTSTANDS:
the players.It is mosrimportant that ammunitionrules be used Certain units have stands marked as suppon. These
stands
for all heaw weaDons. rcpresent those elemeDtsof a mil normally not pr€sent at a
battle, as they are the cooks and clerks nomally found in the
IERRAIN rear. Due to the nature of this action, however,theseelements
werepresent.For gameterms they are consideredasbeingone
This gameworksb€si with a long table (5'x 20') ifyou wishto do exp€riencelevel lessthan the rcst of the unit, eg. supportstands
it as a whole, or it can be cbopped up into several 5' by 5' of a veteran battalion would be consideredas exDerienced.
sectionsthat can be combinedasneeded.What flat land exists
betweenthe hills and the shorelineis olten broken uD bv ric€ E. AIRCOVER:
paddies.The villagesshouldbe represented wirb smatictusten The ANGLICO Officers may roll once per daylight tum for
of wooden buildings, and the three small streans which lun Aircover. Either helicopters for casualty evacuation,fighter
inland shouldhavebridgeswherethe roadvraiiroadscrossov€r bombers, or fiansports for an resupply may be requested.
Fighter bombers will arive on the following tum after being
rcquested, while helicopters will arrive one hout later, and
SPECIAL RTJLES transportthree houn later. Missionsmay only be dircctedupon
a target or area visible to rhe ANGLICO unit that caled the
A. MOVEMENTi mission. No missions can be flown after suddown, so that
The following additions to the movement rules exist for this missionsthat would arrive after dusk are automaticalycancel-
same. Their effectsare cumulative: Ied.
24
Requestions for Aircover are in lieu of anyothe. ordersor sideof the ChosinReservoir.Severalnoteson this operation
movementfor the ANGLICO stands.In addition,on aDytum and other mattersmay be of interestto you.
thataircoverisoverhead, turtherrequests€annotbe madeuntil To startwith, both regimentsareattachedto the 7th lnfantry
those aircraft have left the table. Division,under Major GeneralBarr, while the 7th lnfantry
To roll for Air Supportusea Dl0. The ANGLICO Team Division is part of the Xth Corps, under Major General
attachedto the 1sr32ndadds+3 to all die rolls. Almond. Major GeneralAlmond holdsthe twin positionsof
beingthe 6eld commanderof the Xth Corpsas well as siill
DIE IIELICOPTER FIGIITER PILOT TRANSPORT holding the post of Chief of Staff to GeneralMacAnhur.
13 I 4 Corsair 4C-47 General Almond tends to micro-managethings, so that
\2 | 4 Corsair 4 C-41 divisionalcomnandersare ignoredwhile Almond penonally
1l I 4F-51 RAAF 2 C-41 assignsmissionsand operationsto regimentaland battalion
l0 1 4 F-51RAAF 2 C-47 commanders. Due to his dual postingno one has dared to
9 . 4USAFF-5I complain abour hi\ military management style.
8 2 Corsair You enlisted in the Army in 1941, and attended/w€re
7 2 Corsar assignedto OCS. Upon graduationin 1942Major General
6 2 T-5I RAAF Ridgewaypickedyou to serveas an aide and you joined the
5 - 2 F - 5 rU S A F 82nd Airbome Division. As Ridgewayclimbedin rank and
4 - 2 F - 5 1U S A | - position,he continuedto keepyouwith him, sothatyouended
J the war asa lieutenantcolonel.You havenevercommanded a
2 - unit in combatbeforethe landingat Inchon,thoughyou saw
l - your shareof actionin World War ll.
Your battalionstartedlife astheold lst Squadronof the 12th
Cavalry, whichwasconverted to the32ndInIantrybackin 1949.
Eachtransportcandrop 2 tonsofsuppliesper the parachut€
With th€ outbreakof the "police"actionthe 7th Divisionwas
rulesin COMMAND DECISION-Eachhelicoplercanremove strippedofmanpowerto fill up the otherthreedivisions,24th,
25th,and lst Cavalry.Yourrankswerefilled by 7,000Koreans
sweptup off the streetsof Pusanandshippedto Japanto flesh
F. TIMETABLE:
out your command.
Playstartswith thecommanderson bothsideswritingordersfor
Your commandhasbeenorderedto takeup positionsto hold
their actions hom 0000 to dawn at 0930. The referee, using
the saddlepassnorth, and prepareto jump off for an attack
theseorders,will informplayenwhathappensat night,aswell
no(h in the moming.The S-2ofthe 31stRegimentreportsthat
as whenit happens.No changescanbe madein theseorden
T-34l85tarks have been spottedin the area. Due to your
unlesscircumstances wouldallowit, eg.the unitencounters an
training and experience,your commandis rated as being
enemyunit, or comesunder fire.
veteran.In additionto youlself, you have other command
Dudngdaylight,ie0?30to 1615,playersshould bealowedto
figuresasyour battalionX0, Major Miller, and your ANGLI-
movefreely;howeverthe referees mustrememberto assess the
CO officer.CaDtainStamford.Stamfordcanbe usedeitherasa
time needed for staff conferencesand regrouping from that
command figuie, or as an An FO, dependingon which you
whicb playen have available. For easeof play the following prefer.
suidelinescan be used:
AREA 1: Troopsmaybe setup an]'rvhere within l8' of PointI ,
Nighr 0000- 0930visibility 4' coveringthe SaddlePass.Troops may start the gameemplaced
Dawn: 0730- 0930Visibility4'increasing6'a turn io 60' and include:
Morntug: 0945- 1145visibility 60" Ist Batralion,32ndInfantry R€ginenr All elementsVT, Morale
Aftemoon: 1200- 1400Visibility 60" 9 t
Evenin$ 1415- 1615Decreasevisibility 6' a tum down to 4,
Night: 1630- Zi45 Headqurters and HeadquartersComprny
2 CommandStands,Lt Col Faith, Major Miller, Elite
1 InfantryStand(Pioneerand AmmunitionPlatoon)
G. ARTILLERY AMMIJNITION 2 Support Stands
The information sheetsfor the commanderslist the amountsof 2 Jeeps
ammunitionthat each*eapon has.Unlessotherwiseindicated, 1x2% Ton Truck fTwo tons ammunition)
all rclnds are HE. If marked[I], the round is illumination,if I ron 81mmtll tll tll tll III tll I
markedISI th€ round is smoke.
tsttsltslIsttsltsll
l ton81rnn [] tll MII MII t
AMERICAN INT'ORMATIONSIIEETS tsl Isl lsl tsl tsl Isll
The folowing sheets should be given to the American 1x2r6 Ton Truck with Kitchen
commanders. Eachsheetlists\rheretheystan,theirforces,and Companies A, B, C, eachwith;
theh ammunitionsupply.Playersshouldnot be allowedto 1 CrrnmandStand
conferwith one another,with the exceptionthat eachartillery 3 lnfantry Stands
andmortar battery canpick up to four pointsto pre-registerfire 1 weaponsStand
upon.
CompanyD, with
lst Battalion, 32nd hfantry R€giment 1 Command Stand
fino Novemb€r27th, 1950 2 MMG Stands
Lt Col Donald C. Faith 1x81mmMortarStand
Your firstBattalion,32ndInfantryReglmenthasbeenattached l ron 81mm[I] [] [I] II1tr]Irl I
to the 31stInfantryRegimentfor this drive north up the east Isl Isl tsl ISI ISI ISII
 1x75mmRecoiless
Rifle Stand
l r o n 7 5 mt nl t[ l] t l l l t l l l tl {ltl
2x2t4 ton trucks

ANGLICO TEAM
1 Air Forward Observer (Capt Stamford USMC), Elite
I Jeep

lsl = Smoke [] : Iltunination

3lst lnfadry Regiment

m00 Novemberl7th, 1950
Col AIan Mrcl,€an
Your regiment, the 31st Foot enjoys two distinctions unique
within the Regular Army. Fnst, it has never served on
American soil proper, having beenorganizedabout the tum of
the century in Manila, and neverhaving retumed to the United
Statessince.Second.the 31stwasforcedto surrenderto the
Japanese on Bataanduringthe openingstagesof WorldWar lI,
becoming the fint Regular Anny Infantry Regiment to
surleder sincethe War of 1812,losingits regimentalcolorsin

When the ?th Infantry Division was organizedin 1949,the

3lst Infantry Regimentwas added to ihat Division\ organiza-
tion, thoughit hadDotbeenpart of thatdivisionduringWWII.
Therc is some indication that this was done on ceneral
MacArthur's penonal oders in order to help rcgain the "lost"
honor of the 31st,andallow it to rctum to the US at somefuture
time. (The 3r$ Infantry was the only "American" Infantry
Regiment in the old "Philippine" Division, the others were
regimentsof the Philippine Scouts.)Hence you should always
be aware that the eyesof General MacAnhur are upon your
regiment.
The problem with this is that MacArthur\ Chief of Staff,
Major General Almond is doubling as commanderof the Xth
Corps, to which you are assigned.Geneml Almond is not a
commander whose methods would be apptoved at Leaven-
vrorth, as he tends to ignore the chain of commandand hurl
units all over the place. However, he does sit at MacArthur's
right hand, andhasbeenmostsuccessfulup to now. His concem
that the 3lst regainits lost "honor" by its actionshasled to some
interestingassignments.
As for younelf, you are a graduateof West Point, classof
1930.You sawcombatservicein the ETO, aodwhenthe 32nd
Infantry Regiment was organized in 1949 you served as its
colonel. You movedto a posting asassistantG,3 for the Eighth
Arny whenthe curent policeactionbrokeout, andspentthe
first part of the war actingasCeneral Walker's "Eyes andEars"
up at the front. After lnchon, the commanderof the 31stwas
relievedof command,andyou were sentup to take commandof
the regiment.It suffersfrom a lack of training in that over a third
of yourmenareKoreans"draJted"off thestreetsof Pusan,and
used as fillers to bring your battalions up to strength. On the
plus side your regiment is one of the few in Korea to have its
regimental tank company active (a personal favour from
MacAnhur to Almond), as well as having the lst battalion of
the 32ndlnfanry Regirnent,yourold command,attachedto it.
Your third battalion,the ll/3lst h en route to join up with - choe
your commandalongwith BatteryC, 57thArtillery Battalion.
Total forcesunder commandat that point will be the following:

3lst lnfantry Regiment

Headquarters Company,31stInfantryRegiment
SupplyConpany,31stInfantry Regiment
Mortar Company,3lst InfantryRegiment
SCALE I'I MILES
Tank Company,31stlnfantry Company
MedicalCompany,31stInfantryCompany o u 2 l
26
IInd Battalion, 31stInfantry Regrment orde$ in order to help regain the "losf' honor of the 31st, and
IIIrd Battaliotr.3lst InfantryRegrment allow it to rctum to the US at some future time. (The 31st
Infantry wasthe only "Amedcan" Infantry Regimentin the old
Ist Battalion, 32nd Infantry Regiment "Philippine" Division, the others were r€giments
of the
57th Anilery Battalion (rosmrn) Philippine Scouts.)Hence you shouldalwaysbe awarethat the
Battery D, 15th AAA Batration eyesof General MacAnhur are upon your regiment.
Your commandhasbeenodered to take up position behind
Yollr orde$ are to drive nofh up the eastside of the Chosin the 1stBattalionofthe 32ndInfantryRegiment,whichwill be
Reservoirstadng tomorrow moming. To aid in this, you have attackingnorth at dawn, and establisha baseof fue to aid that
establishedan advance regimental HQ at point 2 halfuay attack, as well as protect the 31st Regiment from a possible
betweenthe lst/32nd and the 3rd/31st.The following forcesare counter-thrust down the Pungnyud-gang.Batteries A and B
under your direct command. will act under your commanduntil suchtime asthe Headquar-
tersol the 5?LbAniUery Battalionarriveson ihe scene.
AREA 2: Troops may be setup anyvhere within 1Z' of Point 2.
Troops may stan the game emplacedand include: AREA 3: Troopsmaybe setup an]'\rherewithin 18'of Point3.
Tidops may start the game€mplacedand includ€:
Adv.nced H€{dquarters, 31st Infentry R€gim€nt
I Conmand Stand (Colonel Mcl€an) trIId Battalion, 31stInfadry Rcgiment,with Hesdqusrt4rssnd
I Support Stand HesdquaflersCompany
1 Staff Radio Truck 1 CommandStand, Lt Col Reily
I Jeep 1 Infantry Stand (Pioneer and Ammunition Platoon)
1x2', Ton Truck 2 Support Stands
2 Jeeps
Platootr,compatryC, 13th Engineer Bsttaliotr lx2r, Ton Truck (Two tons ammunition)
1 Engineer Stand l ron 81nmlll t! [I] [] [! tI] I l t
I Dump Truck tsltsltsltsltsltsl t
1ron 81mmtI1tll t! tt1tll tll I
Heary Morrar CompanJ,31st Infantry R€gim€nt tsl ISItst ISt ISt tsl t
1 Connand Stand(CaptainCody) 1x2'l Ton Truck with Kitchen
2 Forward Observ€rStands, May be assignedanylvhere.
2 GunGew Stands CompaniesI, K, L, er|chwith
2x4.z'Mortars[I] E [] tstIslIS l ll U tl 1 CommandStand
E trl t! t s t1s Il sIl l I t t 1 t 1 3 lnJantry Stands
I WeaponsStand
3 Jeeps
2x2% Ton truckswith AAMG (Two tons ammunitioneach)
#1 trl II] u Is]tsltsl Co|hp8nyM, witb
[] tq E ISItsltsl 1 ConmandStand
#2 lrl t! E tslts1tsl 2 MMG Stands
u ul t! tslIsltsl 1x81mmMo(ar Stand
1x2r, Ton truck (Two tons ammunition) I ron 81rnm
[I] tll III tq Etrl
[] trl lrl tslISltsl t I I I t ISItsltsltsltsltsl
trltrt[1 ts]ISItsl t1 t] I 1x75mmRecoilessRifle Stand
1x2% Ton truck with Kitchen
l r o n7 5 m ]i [n] [I l tl tl
2x2t ton trucks
Attached Platoon, Hcavy Mortrr Company, 32nd Inf.ntry
ANGLICO TEAM
Regiment
1 Air Forward Observer
1 Gun Crew
1 Jeep
7x4./' Moftat
1x2%TonTruck [I] U trl Isl I s t s t ] I l t ] t l Battery A, 57th Field Artill€ry Battalion, with
trl [] trl tsl l s lI s t tI I l n t l 1 Battery Commander
1 Gun Crew Stand
3rd Battalion, 31st InfantrJ Regin€rt
t s tI s lu t r l| t] It tl
1 Support Stand
m00 November17th, 1950 1 Jeep
Lt Col Willian R€iny 1x2t Ton truck with AAMG
Your regiment, the 31st Foot enjoys two distinctions unique 1x2% Ton truck with Trail€r (Three tons ammunition)
witlin the Regular Army. First, it has never served on
American soil proper, having beeDorganizedabout the tum of tsl Isl tll tI1
the centuryin Manila, and neverhavingretumedto the U.S.
since.Second,the 31stwasforced to surrenderto th€ Japanese I:lMfifil
on Bataan during the opening staggsof WWII, becomingthe
first Regular Army Infantry Regiment to su[ender since the Battefy B, 57th Fi€ld Artill€ry BattalioD, with
War of 1812,Iosing its rcgimental colors in the process. 1 Battery Commander
When the 7th lnfantry Division was organizedin 1949,the 1 Gun Crew Stand
31stwasaddedto thatDivision'sorganization, thoughit hadnor
been part of that division during WWII. There is some 1 Support Stand
indicationthat thiswasdoneon GeneralMacA(hur's pemonal 1 Jeep
 n
1x2% Ton Truck with AAMG 1x2% Ton Truck with AAMG
lx2t, Ton Truck with Tmiler (Three tons ammunition) 1x2% Ton Truck wirh Trailer (Three tons arDmunition)
tsltsl t! II1 tslIsl trtu
tslISIul E tsltsl t! E
lsl tsl trl E tslIsl t! trl
S€rvicealrd Supply Battery, 57th field Artillery Batt lion
57th Field Artillery Battalion 2 Suppon Stands
Lt Crl Embre€ 2x2% Ton Trucks with AAMG and trailerc
You have halted for the night at point 4 to take up a defensive (Threetonsammunition)
pedmeter. It is your goal to push on to the 3rd Battalion/3lst #1 ISIIsl tll III t I I
Infantry positioDin the morning and regroup your battalion at tslIslIr1trl
that point. Your orders are to support the advanceof the 31st tslISI[1 tr]
lnfantry Regiment up the east side o{ the Chosin Reserloir. tslIsllrl ul
tsltsl14lrl
AREA 4: Troops may be setup anywhere$lthin 12"of Point 4. tsltsllrl trl
Troopsmay startthe gameemplacedand include:
1x2% Ton Truck with Kitchen
Heldquariers and HeadquartersBatt€ry, 57th Fi€ld Artillery
B.atalion
I CommandStand fl-t Colonel Embree)
I FoNard Observer Stand (May be assignedanywhere) AssistantDivisioml Command€r
2 Jeeps 7th Infantry Div:sion
3 Support Stands fino November27th, 1950
Brigadier G€neral Henry Hodes
1 Staff Radio Truck
You are the ADC of the 7th Infantry Division, a sparewheeljob
1x2', Ton Truck with AAMG
if ever there was one in the Amedcan Army. After all, the
1x2', Ton Truck with Kitchen
Divisional Commander'smost important assistantis hi\Chief
Battery D, lsth AAA Battaliotr, Sef-Prop€I€d, Veteran of Staff. and if the Divisional Commanderwas ever to die in
r CommandStand (Captain Mccl),nont) action, his replacementwould quickly be namedand flown out
2 SupponStands here by direction of the XtI Corps commander quicker
than...well, you get the idea!
I M-19
ln the last war you commandedthe 112thInfantry Regiment
in the ETO, and were a goodregimeDtalcommander,asshown
by the fact that you have gott€n your star, and the ADC post
witb the 7th Infantry Division. Hopetully when you get your
1 M-16 secondstar, you will be able to get a division of your own. Till
1x2\4Ton Truck with Kitchen thenyou haveto wait.
7x2Y2 ton truck with AAMG and failer (Three tons Major General Barr tends to use you as a co-ordinating
ammunition) agent, but you do not have any direct line of authodty,
especiallyherein the Xth Corps,whereMajor GeneralAlmond
does as he pleaseswith units. (Being in addition MacAnhur's
Chief of Staff while still holding the post of commanderXth
Corpstendsto help hirn in this matter.) You are to do what you
#3 canto facilitatematterswith tbe 3lst Infantry Regimentv{ithout
treading on Maclean'sauthority.
The following forces will be brought together under your The forcesunder you commandat the start of the game,and
command in the moming, at which time you will be given their
starting locations are as follows:
control over their units:
AREA 5: Troops rnaybe setup an) \ ,herewithin 12"of Point 5.
Battery A, 57th Fi€ld Artilery Battalion, with Troopsmay startthe gameemplacedand include:
I Battery Commander
1 Gun Cr€w Stand Rear Headqurters, 3lst Infatrry Regiment
t s tl s lE l r l I l t l I l t l I CommandStand Brigadier (General Hodes)
1 Support Stand 1 Suppo Stand
1 Jeep 1 Jeep
1x2% Ton Truck with AAMG 1x2r6 Ton Truck with Trailer
1x2% Ton Truck with Trailer (Three tons amrnunition)
tsltst t! t! Service8nd Supply Compatry,3rst InfanFy Reginent
tsltsl trl trl 2 SupponSrands
ts1ts1 trl I! 2x21, Ton Trucks with AAMG and trailen (Three tons
ammunition)
Eatt€ry B, 57th Field Artilery Battxlio& with 1x2% Ton Truck with Kitchen
I Battery Commander
I Gun Crew Tank Compatry,3lst Inlartry Regiment
tsltsltll III t I t l t ] t l 1 CommandStandCaptain Drake (Vetemn)
1 SupponStand 1 M4 (105mm)Conrnand Tank
I Jeep 4 M-4A3E8 Tanks (Veteran)
 28

2 Support Stands rules, ie two hours to entrench.and bunkerscan be addedon a

2x2th To\ Trwks with AAMG and traileN (Three tons limitedbasis8 hourslater.
anmunition) 5. Your SMG standsare limited to 1 die per fire phaseinstead
#l ofthe usual2, due to ammunitionsupplyproblems.
(105mm) 6. You have one T-34l85 with a green crew attachedto your
'76.2 Iorces.It canonlyenteron the roadon the northemedgeof the
board,and cannotmoveup any slopes.

Plansfor attacksat night will be interpreted by the referees

76.2 according to the complexily. A plan calling for the troops to
'\weep downhillalongthe raihoadline till we encounterthe
enemy" will be easy to carry out. A plan requiring troops to
lx2% Ton Truck with Kitchen "advance400metercon compassbearing270,then 350metels
on 335,followedby 50neterson bearing090.etc,"mayresultin
AREA 6: Troopsmaybe setup anf'here within6,ofpoint 6. onestroopsbecomingtotallyIostl
Troopsmay startthe gameemplacedand include:

Serviceand Supply Bataery,57rh [ield Artilt€ry Battrliotr CHINESEINFANTRY REGIMENT

2 SupporrSrands All standsare considered
as Veteran.
2x2% Ton Truckswith AAMG and trailen (Three tons
ammunition) Regim€ntalHeadquart€rs
#r (105mm)
tsl Isl III t! RegimentalCommandStand
tslIstIrl trl Guard Company
IslISItrl trl SMG Standsx 3
#2(1osmm)
Islts1ul III Regimentd Mortar companJ
tsttsllrt I! 82mmMortar Stand
tsltsllrl t! 82mmMortar Stand
lx2tl Ton Truck with Kitchen 82mm Monar Stand
RegimentalAntitank Comp.ny
AT stand 0

CHINESEINFORMATION STIEETS Ist Batralon

Thefolowingshould_be givento the Chineseplayers.Notethat Batlalion Comma[d Stand
they are unawareof the American units at points 2 and4 on the lst Company
firstnight.Thesemaynot be atrackedunGssthe Chineseunits CommandSMG Stand
wanderinto them by elror. SMG Stand
MG Stand
238th, 239th, and 240th Infantry Regimentr, 2nd, 3rd, Companier€ach
8{hh Idantry Division SMG Standx 2
RegimentalComma|rders MG Stand
DepuayRegimentalCommanders
(A reminder that there are no ranks in the ChineseArmv in nd Battalion
I950.ralheroneis refenedro by thepositiontharonehotd;.ie Battslion CommatrdStand
divisionalcommander,companycommander,squadleader, 4th Company
CommandSMC Stand
The80thDivision,minusmostofitsheaiyweapons, hasbeen SMG Stand
taskedwith the responsibilityof destroyingthe Ameri€anforces MG Stand
eastof the ChosinReservoir.You needto cut off rhe Americans 5th, 6th, Compani€seach
hom their line of rerreat,and destroythem in detail. SMG Standx 2
The lack of heavy *eapons and other supporting arms MG Stand
requiresthat the burdenof attack fall upon the infantry. Due to
the enemyh air superiority any attacks in daylight must be IIkd Battrlion
hnited, and your task in daylight will be to prevent them from Battalion Conmand Stand
esc.aping.Your task is to atlack the enemyunits on the saddle 7th Company
andthe inlet, andto takeandhold Hill 1221.You will needto Comnand SMG Stand
devisea plan of anack andorders starting ai 0000.Specialrules SMG Stand
that you will needto keepin mind are the following: MG Stand
Eth, 9th, Coml'anieseach
1. Each mortar standhasonly l0 rcunds of HE. Resupplywill SMG Standx 2
not be availableunlessAmerican8lmm roundsare captured. MG Stand
2. Any unitwhichis underdirecta attackcanrclt a Dio after
theattackis caded out for a I . If thathappens,treattheaircraft AIRCRAFT CHARACTERISTICS
ashavingbeenhit by smallarmsfire.
3. Regoupmentandralliesduing the day nay be subjectto Typ€ Bombs Straf€ AccuracyD€vistion
enemyair attack.Regroupment off theboardwill beallowed,at corsalr I or K 5x2 I thD10
a costof additionalaime,but it will be safefrom air strikes. F-51USAF 2orR 3x2 6 D10
4. Your battalionsnot in action may entrenchper the standard F 51 SAAF/RAAF 2 or R 3x2 8 thD10
 29

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USWeapons 3 t5' w S.A.E FOR LIST
US Suppo( I 4' 8'
US Gun Crew 1 4' g' I'.S. AGENT ALI,IANCE M'flAiUR!:I
P.O. BOX 234?
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ChineseSMG I 7'
ChineseMG 2 12'
30

HANNIBAL
AD PORTAS!
(HANNIBAL
AT THEGATES)
And.rew A. Ea.stwood

INTRODUCTION i) Hannibal(on the Rhon€,*):

18,000Libyanhearyinfantry 2,000 Po€ni heaiy cavalry
Why did Hannibal crossthe AIps? It certaiDlywasn't to avoid 10,000
paying import tax on his elephants! Actually, the elephants
SpanishscutariiMI, 2,000Spanishheavy cavalry
5,000Libyanlight infaDtry 4,000Numidian light cavalry
were part of his amy and he was invading Italy to attack the
5,000SpanishcaetmtiLI, 37 elephants,
Roman Republic. In this simple, two-playercampaign,you too
mn be the greatgeneral,ready to swoopdown on an unwitting
All vetemns. Accompaniedby subgeneralMaharbal.
Italy; or else lead out the legions to hurl him into the sea.
ii) Hasdrubd (at Sagudum, Spain)
10,000Libyan HI, 2,000NumidianLC
2,000Libyan LI, 500PoeDiHC,
r,000Slingers, 500SpanishHC.
500 Liguarians.
All regulals.
iii) Hanno (at Cissis,Spsin)
4,000 Libyan HI, 500 Poeni HC,
2,000Libyan LI, 500SpanishHC.
4,000SpanishMI

Romealsobeginswilh 3 armies.eachcomprising2 Roman

legionsand allies.(1 legion= 3400heary infanrry-.600lighl
infantryand 600hearf cavalry).
The year is 218BC and the two republics of Rome and
Canhage are fighting the Second Punic war. Although the i) ConsulT Sempronius($riv€s at Romeat Ihe end of autumtr
Carthagianoverseasempire had been lost to Rome in the first 218, with regul.r legiotrsI & II):
war, 264-241,the influential Barcid family had creareda new 6,800legionaryheavyinfantry, 12,000alliedmediuminfantry
Spanishempirewithin 13years.It \rasrhe expansion ofthese 1,200velite light infanrry, 4,000 allied light infantry
Spanishconquestswhich eventuallyled to a secondwar in 218. 600 Roman heavy cavalry 1,800allied lighr cavalry,
(Readersshouldunderstandthat enpire buildingwasneither
unusualnor sociallyunacceptable behaviorin thosedays). il) ConsulC Scipio (at Massilia, wirh new legionsV & VI, ptus
As usual.fie Roman srraregywas srunninglysimpleand transport fleel and subgeneralGnaeusSciDio)
direcl.Wirhlhestandingarmydivided 6,8001egionary Hl, 10,000alied MI,
berween rherwoconsuls,
one would invadeAfrica, (as in the first war) whilst the other 1,200veliteLI, 4,000alliedLI,
vrouldattackPunicSpaio.Unfortunately for them, punic Spain 600 Rornan HC, 1,500alliedLC.
was now ruled by HannibalBarca,who had no intentionof
waiting for Rome. Insread. he tefr his younger brolher
Hasdrubalin chaigeof Spainand marchedro invide rhe very
heartlandof rhe RomanConfederacv. Italv.
,
t / \ ^ ^
V -n. C) 4^
*"--l"' -a/^<..>,^n
c!!l: -,j -' ,\-\)-. d,_
HANNIBAL AD PORTAS. TTIE GAME -raR,-{rFE6El€t
,/^usriAu't
This gamedoesn'tattempt to simularethe entire exrent of the
SecondPunicwar, just Hannibal'sAlpine and Nonh Italian i "\ r .--\ ./---'
campaignsin the first 3 yearsof war. I-t beginswith Hannibal i ,-\ t\
having crossedthe river Rhone and about to choosehis route < t ? t<.
acrossthe Alps, whilst the wrongfooted Romanstry to recall > ', d- l-oc
their scatteredamies. Although the game will generate45 ?.t .
o /s-E* +"
wargames, no umpireis required.

Canhage beginswith 4 generalsand 3 armies, 2 of them in

Spain.Dependingon the successof their generals,rheycanalso ')
rccruil Spanishand callic tribesmen as the game proceeds. 7r'u, -rg{AN'
Armies are: OP' a^E tt^o \ gr.>
 31
iii) Pra€torM Vulso(at Tannetum,N Italy, with regularlegionsrouteshehasto fighrthehostileAlpinecauls,losingmoremen
III & IV, depletedby Callic rebellion): the quickerhe wantsto cross(But the longerhe ta[es,the less
6,400legionaryHI, 11,400alliedMI, enthusiastic the Cisalpinecauls wi be to join him). Alps
1,000veliteLl, 4,000alliedLI, attritionratesare:
600RomanHC, 1,500alliedLC. i) Liguriancoastroute losedicerollx5000men+ 2x diceroll
# elephants,
ii) Way of Hercules- losedicerollx4000men+ 2x diceroll
AIMS AND YICTORY CONDITIONS
# elephants,
Because thegamerepresents only partof thewar, a complerely iii) The high route- lose18,000foot,2000cavalry+ diceroll
decisivevictory is impossible.However,eachsidehas three # elephants.
objectives, achievingwhichwillwin thegame.Carthageaimsro iv) The long route- losediceroll x3000men + dicero
fomentrebellionin Cisalpinecaul and so controlthe region, # etephants,
beforepenetrating throughto Latiumwithat least16,U10 men.
whilstr€tainingcontrolof Spainsouthof theEbro.TheRomans Aher lle Alpr cros,ing.rhewearyelephrnls
continuero die
aim to preventthis, by retainingcontroloI Cisalpinecaul, off. 2 \ dicerollper season.
drivingthe Punicarmiesconpletelyour of Italy and breaking For a secondPunicarmy,all lossesarehalved
. andtheymay
theircontrolofSpain.Whenthe gameends,inwinter216,rhe also attemptto recruitLiguriansGeeRecruitment/rebeilion).
rcpublicnearestto achieving all 3 objectives
wilt bethevictor.tf
this isnl clear,a sportingdraw shouldbe declared.
BATTLE
Whentwo opposingarmiesenterthe samearealroadsection,
MOVEMENT eachplayermustsecretlyde€idewhetherto attack,defendor
The gameis dividedinto I seasonal turns,eachcontaininq3-6 retreat.Decisionsare sinultaneouslyrevealedand actedon
moves.Apan fromwinrer,rheseasons hareidenncaleHicrs.with the foliowingtable:
Althoughwinterbeginswith 3 moves,all armiesnust endup in
friendl,rosnr. Io wrnteroverunrillpring.resring andberng R/C atlack defend
reinforcedin the meantime.Armieswinteringin the openlose M D S/fall
20% foot and 50% cavaln. defend D E hold,ifall
Therear€two typesofmovement,areaandroad(apartfrom fall/S falvhld both fall
crossing lhe Alps. s€ebelow). fo marchtromonelrib;larea ro
an adjacentone,crossa namedriver.or comeonto/offtheroad M = rnarchbattle,foughtlengrhwise downthewargames table.
takesonemove.Along the roadynverbanks, onemovecovers Botharmiescome on thetablein narch orderanddeployas
an unlimited distance,but costsone extra move to bvDass bestthey €an.
non-friendl] ror\.Ils.No army can move wntroura geniral. D = defensivebaftle.Defenderchooses rhe ground(within
althoughgarrisonsmay be left- randomlimits)anddeploysfully.Theattackerdeptoysoff.
ln eachseason, playersmove alternately,
onegenerayarmy at lable and comeson in battleorder.
a time. The order is Hannibal, Consul Scipio,Hasdrubal, E= encounterbattle, thestandardwargame. Both armiesarc
ConsulSempronius,rhen the resr alternately,in any order. tully deployedon-iable,beforebatttecommenc€s.
However,thereis alsoan interventionmove;waitingamies S = skirmish-theartacker'scavalryharassesthererreatingfoe.
within one area,/road sectionof a movingenemycanadvance If the army fallingback haslesscavalry,ir suffers2000
and engagethem (seeBartle).This allowsdefendersro lie in casualties.
wait at strategicpositions. fall = fall back,thearmybreakscontactandretreasonearea./road
Marchingto llary: Fron Ruscinoto Tarasconcosts5 moves.
or 7 !f the Punicgeneral crorses lhe westemPyrenees, ouLor hold=thealmy remainswhereit is, holdsthe ground.
Ilergetesterritory.
Navalmovement: Althoughnavala€rionsplayno part in th€ After the wargame,losingarmiesmust fall back and may
campaign,fleelsmay ferry anniesone-wayfrom one friendly sufferfurtherskimish lossesas above.Victois may not move
port to another,in 4 cases;
Scipio'sannyat Massilia,the Roman
217 and 216 reinforcemenrscan sd;t from Ostia and the Capturc of towns: Neutral towns become friendly the
Carthaginian reinforcemenrs in 216cansail from Carthaseto momenttheyare entered,burrevertto neutralwhenleft,untess
Spain.or anyIralianporrcaprured by Hannibat.Fmbarkjng,theyaregadsoned.Enemyrownsmaybestormed:diceroll+ 1
disenbarkingfrom ships and sailirg port ro-port costsone pei 10,000attackjnginfantry,score8 tocaptureGtormingcosts
one move, only one attempi/townper season).To remain
friendly, they must then be occupiedby at least 1000nen.
Sieges areaho possible;add I to dicerollpersuccessrveseason.
CROSSINGTHE ALPS If townsare garisoned,,1 tuorndicerollper 3000menwithin.
Hannibal,(or any subsequent Punicgeneral)nas4 rouresto Defeatedgarrisonsare wipedout, rhe victor losinghalf their

i) TheLigunancodsr road.raling7 moves ria

lo emerge
Genoa/ down the River Trebia.
ii) TheWayofHercules,(5moves)uptheRiverDuranceand RECRUITMENT/REBELLION
down at Segusiointo Cisalpinecaul.
iii) The highroute, (5 moves)up the River Rhone,rhe River i) Rom€:
Winter217:LegionsVII,X, plus10,000 alliedMI,4000alliedLI
Skarasand to Segusiovia Catudges.
iv) Thelongroute,(8 moves)up theRiverRhoneto Lyons,up and 1500alliedLC.
the River Isereand down the River Ticinus. LegionsVII andVIII arethe urbanlegions,the city guardof
Rome,whoarenot allowedto operatemorethan2 movesfrom
Routeiii is Hannibal'sprobablehistoricalroute, bur on all Rome and must always winter there. Extra general: c.
Flaninius.
32

2
(5)
218Autumn ( 5)
SummEt SprinE( 4 )
I 4 (

i i n t e( 3r )
2 1U (
Autumn ) (6)
Summer
reinfoac",nent=2
I I
S r r i n( $4 ) 2 1 5| J i n t (e3r ) (5)
Autumn
, reinforcenents 6 9

l..+-
'(1"*'"i1ffS"."":' -F"",Y'Q
.".
*;N'*J::,,;;;::"
€{/m
n \ \------- 7
f,h':'
o1f vocomr

j^':
j$ru*
).-26'1t.hffi,1
,-\\ rr\

",sofres Pd

Zt * 4-*ryH.5"
,,o,o,fu/Y--1\{\^.r---.^--- i
^,Zm"r1;;i:. --J.d
"Y:' X "^^-.^I
E\*'K"^Y<X^g./-..Z];(*-
3\ /\'ll- _ ,.Sjl
,a..<<'l seso)E{
./
-" ^,*s' / ,t

.4W"i"^_,-;..:*.-
,;*/f
-
v\' -#ANTIPOLTS
Akr".e
POPULONIUM

TELAMON

I . ROMAN TOWNS
'
gl.l /'\_
CORFINUM
l- puNrcrowNs A
fi,'Bfn,
o - *a,rt*or to*aa ff;-{. ""^" -r1
 Winter 216:kgions )<I-XIV, plus 20,000altiedMI, 8,000
alied LI and 3,000alliedLC. Extra generals;L. pau us, c.

If existingarmieshave aDuninterrupted road link to Rome,

they may be joined by all or pan of the new rcouits before
Spdng. Alternatively,new legionariescan be dnfted into
depletedlegionsto bring them backto strength.

ii) Carthaghiatr reinfo.cement$ winter 216:

sh\-
/'::'-\a:
ork$(fp mct

4,000 Libyan HI 1,000Ubyan LI, 500 Poeni HC. I-ed by

Bomilcar, they ar€ ready to sail from Carthagein the Spring
(seeNaval movement).

iii) Sp.nish tribal lcvies:

At the end of eachseason,every Punic generalin a tribal area
free of Roman armiescan raise Spanishlevies (1 generayarea,
each tribe only once a year). Raise D4 dicerol x500 Scutarii
MI, + 500CaetratiLI, 250SpanishHC, Roll an ordinarydic€ formercoDsuls. who mighrbe rerainedasproconsuls
for the more powerful llergetes, Ausetani and Celtiberi tribes. (Normal-
ly. no candidalecould be a consulin successive
years).In an
For every battle victory/defearin Spain, +f1 from dic€roll. If emergency,the consulscould be replacedby an elected
the Romanscan ddve all Punic armiessouth of the Ebrc for 2 dictator,assisted
by his masterof home.
consecutiveseasons,they can alsorecruit asabove,noflt of the
Ebro.

i, Cisalpinec.llic r€b€ls:
GAME TIPS
As soon as he enters their tribal areas,Hannibal can recruit i) Carrhg"iniene:
Boii, Insubresand Anares as follows: Whilst recruiting Gaulsasearly aspossible,whentheir numbeN
Boii - 7,000MI, 1,500MC, tess1,00O foor, 500horsefor every are geatest, beware of advancingHannibal too far in winter
seasonhis arrival is delayed, after winter 217. 217,in casehe'scut off andforcedto winter in the open. Having
Insubres- 8,000MI, 1,500MC, lessmen as above. nore cavahy, it is a good stntegy to detachMaharbal with a
Anares- 2,000Ml, 500MC, lessmen as above. large €avalry force, which can evade battle whilst recruitine
If Romanarmiesretreat southof the R. Po, he canarsorecrul more Gauls. Try ro lure Roman armies away from rhi
the Cenomani,Lingonesand Laevi; Apennines, then defeat at least one before marchins south.
Cenomani/Laevi/Lingones - 5,000MI,500MCeach,less1,000 Ttrereare loo many ro deteaLlhem all, so a lot of-cunninq
maDoeuvres are required.In SDain.ln ro keeDHasdrubaland
If RomanarmiesabandonCisalpinecaul altogether, Hannoapan andmovingfrom arearo areaaslong aspossibte
he can
also recruit tfie Taurini and Senones; before fighting Scipio, to maximiserecruitment.
Taurini/Senones - 3,000MI, plus1,000MI if eirherCrenonaor
Placentiahave fallen. ii) Romals:
punic armiesare
If Hannibalor oLberCarthaginians subsequenrly uinrer io Becauselhey usuail' have more cavalry.
CisalpineCaul. theycanrecruita furrher1.00bMI per friendly difiicult to pin down and attack. It is better ro deploy sev€ral
tribe. armies in Cisalpine caul and gradualy cut off and force
Hannibal into a comer, rather than chaseafter him with one
v) Ligurian reb€ls: large army. B€wareof moving all youl armiesout of Cisalpine
IJ no Roman army is in Liguria and either Anripolis or cenoa Gaul, this will only encoumgecallic rebets.In SpainScipio
has fallen, then Punic generals may recruir amongst the 5 should try to come betweenthe two Punic armiesand defeat
Ligurian tribes, 1 generaytribe/year.Raise D4 dic€roll x500 them s€paratelyas quickly as possible,before they can recruit
Ligurian ML many Spaniards.
vi) Earus.sn reb€ls:
If no Roman amry is in Etruria, or on the west coast road,
Hannibal can attempt to arcusethe Etruscans.Rotl 8, +/,2 for
souRcEs
Polybilds,The se of theRor1r" d'nptre(PenguinClassics1981).
everyvictory/defeaton Italian soil. Success
miseddiceroll x 500 Liyy, The war wilh Hannt
Mvyear. al (Peneuin Classics1980)
P Conrc1ly, Greeceand Rome at war (Mzcnonatd 7981)

OPTIONAL FEATURES
i) March order (for narch battles).Hannibal:lst-Spanish
foot, Libyan foot, baggagetrain, cauls, elephants,heavy
cavalry, with Numidian cavalry to keep the column together.
Romans:lst-extraordinarii (elite alies, 1/3of cavalry, l/5 foor)
rightwingalies,legionI, legionII, restof allies.Eachdivisionis U.N.I.T.S.
followed by its own cavalry and baggage. WARGAMESERVICES I\IEWAND USED II/ABGAiIE FIGURES
ii)To simplify the gane, no account has been tal€n of the Am6 bousht tor a+ - Pu erchanqercible
PainhnoS@i@ - nease *nd SAg foi Lq
cumbenomeRoman commandstncture. For those who may AI populars.al6, 5m sFcialil S@ B at shos rholghout 89
wisblo addan elementofvariableabiliry/roleplaying. suprene Giw Davidor Jult. a;ns d {0226295t80)D.y or aNns
commandrestedin the two consuls,who were annuallyelected.
40 Crubrcor Sb€.i B.fulev S?O 6LP
The smallerfield armieswere commandedby Praetols, besides
34

WARGAIUIERULESFORTHE
HORSEAIUDMUSKET ERA
by RossMacfarlane
Wlrcn I first decidedto set asidemy purchasedrulesto develop aboutsuchthingsashumannature andthe speedof an undrilled
my own, I had three main objectives.Firstly I wantedrulesthat man or hone, neither of which in my opinion have chang€d
couldbe playedin real time, i.e. the time takento play a tum substantially despite time and social change. Using this
would not be more than the time tbat the tum represented. frame*ork I have designedskeletonrules lo cover major
Dependingon the compknty of the rules and the number of historical periods. These are then adjusted as necessaryfor
unitsper player,turns seemedto take betweenten and thi(y individual garnesby drawing up rules to cover specific items
minutes, so I decided to aim for simple rules with 15 rninute rangingfrom commandcontrol or the lack of it for American
Indian atlies, to national characteristics alowing Russian
Secondly I wanted to concentrate on command decisions infantry to withstand heavier casualtiesthan other Euopean
rather than on tactical details and to capturethe spirit asmu€h troops, to building pontoon bridges.
as tbe reality of a period.This also encouraged simplerules By usinga commongrcundand time scalethe differenc€s
concentrating on results rather than the details of how the betweenmodem and ancient weaponsand betweensmall and
resultswere achieved.Th€ multi-player gamewith a playerwho large battles becomeseasily apparent. Battles which at 6rst
acts as commanderin chief and does not move any troops glanceseemeither too large or too small can often be handled
personally is my ideal,but I think a goodeffectis possiblewith by a cornbinationof table top andInapgaming.Srnallgamescan
two reasonableopponents,a commandcontrol systemand be made more interesting by concentratingon what happens
simple tactical rules which require a minimum of decision before and after the critical events normaly portmyed by a
making once troops are engaged. game, after alt thb action on the Plains of Abraham is often
Lastly I wanted rules which would allow me to refight both described as having taken less than twenty minutes but if
large and small battles without excessivefudging of time, everything is considered from the British landing to the
distance or figurescales. Thisledto a groundscaleof fourfeetio appearanceand failue to attack of Bourlamaque,then several
a mile which makesit possibleto cover the focal points of most houn are required. Large actions can be broken down with
major batdesup to the twentiethcentury.Having chosena certain portions being resolvedon one or more tabletops and
ground scaleit waspossibleto determinethe frontagewhich a the rest resolvedon maps or assumedto follow its historical
given number of men would occupy.The figure scalewasthen course.Here then is the ftame work for my eighteenthandearly
determinedby decidingon basesizesand the number of ranks nineteenthcenturyrules:
which eachfigure represents.Adding in the time scaleand an
assumptionthat inlantry rvill averagetwo milesan hour alonga SCALES
road gave me the basisfor my movement chart. I infaotry or cavalryfigure = 30to 50men, an artillery pieceand
It haslong beenacceptedthat no singleset of wargamerules crew = I gun, howit?er or mortar per crew figure.
can effectively cover all wals of all time and a trend has 4 feet = 1 mile, 1 tum = an averageof 15 min.
developedto*ards writing rulesto coverlimited topicssuchasa
specific campaignor battle. There is a lot to be said for this
approachas it allows one to explore the nature of a campaign ORGANISATION
usingfanly sirnpleruleswithout having to caterfor thingswhich Thisshouldbebasedonthatofthe armybeingrepresented. For
are irrelevant to the case in hand. Unfortunately many our purposes,figues shouldbe organisedinto units of battalion
rvargamensta( from scratchea€htime. Wlile this may nake it sizes,(8 to 16 figures)and assigned to brigadelevelcomman-
easierto examinethe characteristicsof a pedod or tailor the ders. These may be commanded directlyby the commander in
scaleto fit into adesiredformatsuch asanevening'sgame, it can chief (CinC) or there may be one or mor€intemediate levelsof
make it hard to compare different periods and can easily comnander(corys, wing,divisionetc).Allcommanders€xcept
confuseand mislead novice and casualgamerswho dabble in brigade or battery commanders should have one or more
widelyvaryingfields. mess€ngers, and might have 1 or more aidesde €amp.The
For example,if different tim€ and ground scalesare usedso flexibility of an army may be reflected in the number of
that refights of Fontenoy and the Plains of Abraham both messensers and aidesallowed.
require between two and three hun&ed miniatures and four
hoursof playingtime, then the differencebetweenthe scopeof
thesetwo actionsis not asapparentasit would be if onerequired TROOP TYPES
a thousandminiaturesandsixhoun while the other orly needed Troops are divided into infantry, artillery and cavalry. Some
two hundredfiguresand two hours of playing time. Similarly if troops are further defined if t}ley have specialcharacteristics.
one usessround and time scalesfor nedieval wadar€ which - Regular:Fu[y trained,disciplined,drilledtroops.
allow archersto shoot twenly four inchesand infantry to move - Irr€gular: Poorly disciplinedbut individually fiained soldiers.
eight inches, while using different time and ground scalesfor - Militia: Troops who lack training, including units with a high
Napoleonicwarfarewhich result in cannonhavinga twenty four proportion of rccruits.
inch range while infantry still move eight inches, then to the - Veteran: Troops who are confident and experienced.
casualobserveror to the gamerwho hasnot contemplatedwhat - Elite: Picked troops with superior espdt de corps and troops
the scalesreally mean, the differenc€s between artillery and with a reputation for elan and coumgeor fanaticism.May be
bo*'fire is not easilyapparent. vetemn as well as elile.
My solutionto this problem hasbeento developa framework Heavy Cavalry: Regular shockcavalry on good quality lalge
usingcommontime aDdgmundscalesandmakingassumptions
- Light Cavalry: Skirmishingand outpost cavalry on light
ORDERS
horses.
- Light Infantry: lnfantry trainedin skirmishingand marks- Orders may be given by a senior commanderto those
commandels who areassigned directlyto him. They mustbe
carriedby a figure unlessthe recipientis within comrnand
control.Orden shouldbephrasedasif beinggivento a person
SEQTJENCE OF PLAY tointerpret.ffthereis doubtasto how to obeythe order,and
Assigna cardtothe commanderin chie{andto eachgeneral no umpire is available, the commandermust take a control
with a written order, shuffl€ the cards each turn and dmw
themoneatatime. Whena commander\cardis drawn,urits If the receivingcommanderis out of control rungewhenthe
assignedto him becomeactive.If an order is issuedto a order arives or if the situation has changedsincethe order
commander whowaspreviouslyactingon hh superior's card, anivedor sincethelastcontrolcheck(eg.athreatto rheflank
add a cardfor him whenhe receivesthe order.Like$iseif appeared)take a control checkdudng his next command
orderedto resumeactingon hissuperior'scard,thenremove phase.Senior commanderswho have to take a conrrol check
hiscardwhenhereceives theorder.Eachcardisbrokendo\{r will usethe resultsasa guidefor the orders that they write for
into phasesas follows: their subordinates.
a) COMMAND - Determine commaDdcontrol, issue and
receiveorders,take controltests. CONTROL TEST
b) MOVEMENT- Activeunitsmay moveincludingrallying Roll 1 die
and changingfacing and fomation. Cavalry may dectarea 1: Bdgadeoi unit is at or below% strengthwithin control
chargethreatto their front ifthey advanceto within 4 inches 1: Takingover from a woundedcommander.
of the enemy.Movementmust ceaseat least 1 inch from
enemy infantry or artillery, 3 inches away ftom enemy DID RASH INDECISIVEBOLD CAT,NIOUS
cavalry. 6 Advance Advance May advanceMay advance
and attack and attack and attack and attack
c) BOMBARDMENT Active artillery may bombard if it is 5 May advance Obey orders May advance Obey orden
deployed,did not move during phaseb, and is not under and attack if none, hold and attack if non€,hold
attackor disord€red. 3-4 Obeyorders Obeyorders Obeyorders Obeyorden
d) REACTION - Units being auacked may change foma- if none,hold if none,hold if none,hold if none,hold
tion, tum about, or changefacing by wheelingup to 90 2 Obey orders Obey orders May halt May halt
degrees,checkingsteadinessnormal move if attacked. if none, hold if none, hold or reiire or retire
Cavalry may declare a chargethreat against any active unit I May halt No advance No advance No advance
within 8 inchesto its ftont. may retire may retire may retire
e) COMBAT - Cavalrywhich hasdeclareda chargethreat 0 Retreat Retreat Retreat Retrear
maychargeintocontact.Activeunitsmaythen6re musketry
and cannister.Other units being aitackedmay then fiie
musketryandcannister.Infantry may then chargeif atracking PERSONALITY
or beingattackedandwithin l inchofthe enemy.Resolveall To establishan unknowncommander's
chalacterrott 1 dier
clarges, 6 Rash
5 Indecisive
q AFTER COMBAT - Make retreat and pursuit movesand 3-4 Bold
resolveresuliingcombatsrepeatingstepsd, e andffor those 1'2 Cautious
unitsinvolved.Activeunitsmayuseanyiemainingmovement
to follow up skirmisherc
or holseartilterywhichretired. RISK
Defmitions ff a commanderis within 3 inchesoI a unit which takes
Attack - Advance into musket range, fire small arms or casualti€s, ifhe leadsa charge,failsto halta rout orifhis staff
cannisteror declarea chargeor chargethrear. gioup is hit, roll 1die, a6indicatesthat he hasbeenkilledor
wounded.He maynot usehisinfluenceon moralechecksor
combat.On hisnextcommandphase,roll for the personality
COMMAI{D AND CONTROL of hisreplacement thentakea controlcheck.Ifa commander
Commanderswho are neither wounded nor Dersonallv representing a playeris killed, he is replacedby a non-player
leadinga unit. exencontrolover rherrsubordinate cornman- commander.Playen who dislike roleplayingmay mutually
den if they are within 6 inches.A seniorcommand€r, or his agreeto take a woundedplayercommander out of playfor I
aidedecamp,maypenonallyleada unit whichbelongsto one
of hissubordinate commanders- The unit wilt ceasero move
on its commander's cardwhenth€commander or aideioinsit MOVEMENI
and will commencemoving on his card dudng his next
commandphase-If a subordinatecommanderis not in CAVAIRY INFANTRY
commandcontrol,anddoesnot havea currentwiten ord€r- hegular cavalry: 32" Skirmishers,column, irregu-
he musttake a conrrolcheckduring hi\ commandphase. Otherc.avalry: 24' lars: le
A unit is in controlif within 3 inchesofits commander. if Line: l/'
wilhint inchof a uniLwhichis in controtor if bernstedin LIMBERED ARTILLERY Square: 4'
person by a seniorcommander or anaide.de-camp in iheline HorseArtillery: 24' DEPLOYED ARTILLERY
o[ command.ll a unfi is nol in conrroldurins thi command Light or fi eld artill€ry: 16" Battaliongun,lightmonar lZ'
phase,the unit musttake a controlcheck€ointins asa botd Heavyartillery,baggage: 12" Otherrnanhandled
generalwithoutorders. artillery:8
36

FORMATIONS Solidwalls,woods,buildings,fortifications,etc.,providecover
A unit is formed if it is in column,line or squareand not from shooting.
disorderedor irregular.Troops which becomedisordered Troopsmovingincolumnon roadsor pathsignoretenainoff
mustrally to becomeformedagain.Battalion guns countas road. If2 figureswideandfollowinga goodroadtheymayadd
part ofthe infantryunit they areattachedto. Figuresmaybe % to their movebut countas disorder€d.
detached to folm a piquetup to 3 figuresstrongor to occupy
cover.Cavalrysquadrons maybe detachedasa reserv€when
the regirnentcharges. SHOOTING
Throw dice as indicated for each type of shooting- Total the
Line: A line 1 or 2 deep,basestouching. scorcagainsteachtargetunit then divideby the appropriate
Column:3 or more deepand up to 4 wide, basestouching. targetfactor.Dicerequiringdifferentscoresmaybeaddedbut
Square:Infanlry facingout all round,basestouching. the largestfactormustbeused.If2 ormorc columnsarcsideby
Skirmishers: Figuresspreadout with 2 to 3 timesthe normal sidewithinan inch,trcatthemasa singletargetthenspreadout
ftontage per fig'rre. Treat all the detached thecasualties asevenlyaspossible. The arcof fire for all troops
skirmishersfrom a brigadeas a singteseparate is 22 % degrees, only the fiont rank mayfirc, artillerymustbe
unit. Units may feedeligiblereplacements to it. deployed.A unit is stationaryif it did not move or change
up to 7792 only light troops would normally formation during its last normal move or reaction phase.
skirmish.After that date it va es from army to Remainders over% counttowardsthe numberofdicethros,n.
army. Being in skirmishorder does not make ignoreIra€tionsof casualties.
Iigureslight infantryfor fting.
Troop type Stationary Moving
Skirmishe$,cavalry,untrainedartillery: 1d/5 1d5
FORMATION AND Militia or disordered infantrynot in cover: 1d/5 1d/5
FACINGCHANGES RegularArtilleryr ldl3 ldl3
Whenchangingformationthe headofthe columnbecomes the Other infantry: ldl3 ldl4
rightofthe lineandviceversa.Theheadofa columnmaywheel
up to 90 degreesbe{oredeploying.Whenwheelinga Iinepivot Eachhitremoves1figure(infantry,cavalryorartillerycrew).A
on theinsidecomerandmeasurethe distance alonstheoutside unit sufferingcasualties equalto at least25% of its front rank
arc. Passinglhroughor berngpassedrhrou8hbiany lroops musttake a steadiness check.
exceptskirmishers or staffofficerscountsasa formationchanAe
for tormedlroops.Userhetableasaguidefortherimeral,en for BOMBARDMENT:
a change.Changingformation causesirregulars andmilitiatobe Gunscreate a dangerzone aswideastheftontageofthebattery,
disordered. stretchingfrom thefint unitifl thelineoffire to therangeslisted
below.Howitzersand mortarscreatea zonecenteredon the
TroopstrainedusingPrussianor 1792Frenchsystem:yamove rarget.Resolvecasualties for eachunit in a dangerzoneexcept
Artillerywith nilitary drivers: ihat gunscannothit troopsin deadground.Gunson hills,and
Otherinfantry,cavalry,andartillery: yzmove howitzersor mortarsmay fire over interveningtroops and
Rally(notpossible if a$ackingor beingatracked): yamove tenain on lowergroundifthere is a gapof at least6 incheson
Tuma lineorcolumnabout(ie 180degreet: eithersideof the obstacle.Treatskirmishers asbeinsin cover.
(No penaltyfor tuming if skirmishers or retiringin disorder). CLOSE DANCER TARCETLONCDANCER TARCEI
RNCE ZoNf Ba.rCover Ul,rCE ZoNE BdcCo\n
TERRAIN 3'6 pounder 18' 6' 7 l0 24' 3" 10 15
The basicmovement ratesassume thartheterrainis fairlvoDen 8'9 pounder 21" 8' 7 10 30' 4' 10 15
and rhar formed lroopswill redressrheir ranksperiodic; y. Heavier 24' 12" 7 I 36' ff 10 15
Other terrain and obstaclescan have one or more of the Howitzers 24" 2' 7 8
Iollowingcharacteristics: Mortar 18' 2' 7 8

Disordering:Formedtroopswill becomedisordered. A hit froma heaq howitzerwill nake a wood€nbridgeanobstacle

Difficult:Slowstroopsdown.Eachtime a unit attemptsrocross passable only to infantry.A secondhit will deslroyit. Whena
a difficull obstacleor enten a buildins or area of howitzer ormonarshootsat a buildingor woods,a scoreof6 starts
drfficult
tenainrubrracrI dierromintanir)moves, J a fire 1 inchwidewhichwill spread2 inchesdownwindper tum.
timesa die from cavalryor artillerynoves (Cavalry unless thescenario specified wetwearher. Thesmokewill spread1
enteringbuildingsare assumed to disrnount).Count diex inchesdownwind, r€ducing visionro6 inches.
Troopsfighting
resultsof lessthan0 as0. Mosr,bur not all, difficult thefirein abuildingroll 1dieperfiguredoingnothingel!e, ne€ding
terrainwill be disorderingaswell. atotalof6to€xtinguish jt. Troopsin orattackingabumiDg building
Impassable: May beimpassable to some,butpassable to others. or in a burningwoodare disordered.
The effect of spe€ificterrain featuresshouldbe decidedwhen
designinga scenario-For examplean openwoodor a shallow BREACHING
strcam would be disordeing, while a wood with dense Guns may be used to attempt to breachwoodengatesor
undergrowthor a ma6hy streamwould be both difficulrand palisades.
Roll I die for eachI to 3 guncrew.A hit produ€es
a
disordering,and might be impassable to artillery. breachwhicha columncanassault,countingasanobstacle, but
Woods, buildings,troops, hills, etc, block line of sight.
Visibilityintoorout ofwoodsandvillagesis 3 inches,but troops
on theedgecanseeand,unlessskirmishers, maybeseenasifin GUN RANGE TO HIT
the open.Troopsmovingthroughwoodsor similarmustmove 4-9 pounder 4' 6
theirfull amountunrilrheyreach theedgeorcontacrthe enemy. Heavier 4' 5
 MUSKETRY AND CANNISTER Modiffers
+1 Veteran,elite, or if infantrychargingwithoutfiring
Infantry, battaliongunsand cavalryskirmishersmay shootif 1 Militia
they advancedor retired no rnore than U2 their allowance -2 Lost251" of total this phase,unlessskirmishers
duringihe movementor reactionphase.An unobstructed line -2 Disordered,or at or below% strength
of fire as wide asthe firing standmustexist.
Results
FIRER RANGE TARGET FACTOR 3-6 Carryon
Skirmishersl-2: Fall into disorder,no advanceuntil rallied
Basic or cover 0: Breakandretreata tull normalmovedisordered. backstothe
Cannister:3-6pdr, howitzer: 8' 4 6 enemy, abandonineany unlimberedguns and losing 10%
8-9 Pdr: 10' 4 6 roundedup as stragglers.
12+ pdr: t2' 4 6 ffa commander iswithin3 inchesofaunitwhenit failsmorale
Light Infanlry: tufles 6' 5 6 he mayjoin it and allow it to rerollthedie;ifthe unitbreaksand
Muskets 4' 5 6 retreatsin disorder.he must test for risk. A unit unableto
Otherlnfantry: Muskets 4' 5 10 retreat\{ill sunender.
Cavalry:Carbine z' 5 10
EXAMPLES
Added detail or characteristics:
CHARGERESOLUTION -fora SevenYearsWarbattlebetweenRussians andPrussians:
Throw l dieforeachunitin contactwithan enemytothefront. VeteranPrussian infantrymayfire on themoveasifstationary,
If t\{oormoreunitsfight1unit,averagetheirscores. If aboldor Russianin{antrydo not deduct 2 for suffering25% casualties.
rashgeneralispersonallyleadinga chargeor is with an infantry
unit whichis beingcharged,he may chooseto reroll the dice. -for North America:Indiansandbackwoodsmen are counted
as irregularlight infantry,cannotbe givenwdtten ordersand
FACTORS IF RECEIVING A CHARGE testfor controlasifindecisive.Canadians aretreatedasmilitia
+3 Formedsquareor €olumnchargedby cavalry light infantry,CompagdesFranchesas regularlight infantry.
+l Formedregularinfantry or defendinecover Americantroops are treatedas militia, but are allowedto
+l Veteraninfantry skirmish except when in conmand control of a British
€omnander.VeteranBritishregularsadd I to their dicewhen
FACTORSIF CHARCINGOR COUNTERCHARGING firing. Highlandencountaselite for charging.crenadiersare
+1 Formedregulan both elite andveteran.Eachfigureis 2 ranksdeep,us€figure
+1 Heavycavalry
+1 Elite or amoured
+l Veteraninfantry Exampl€sof play:
l Disordered,skirmisheff, or attacking uphill or over (1) The King of Clubs has been assignedto a French
commanderin chief,and the Queenof Clubsto a brigadeof
heavycavalry.when the King is tumed up, the commander
writes an order to the cavalry commander to attack some
AFTERCOMBAT infantry that is in front of him, and givesit to a messengerwho
One sidehaswon if its s€or€is greaterby 2 or more.Any unit rides 16 inchesto the cavalry commander.when the qu€enis
whi€hlost or which chargedbut did not win, wil retreat, facing tumed over the cavalrycommander,who is cautious,takesa
the enemy,abandoningany unlimberedartillery pieces.Troops controltestscoring4 whichis "Obey orders".He advances his
who won mustpursueif they chargedor if they are irregularsnot lead regiment to within 3 inches of a battalion of English
defendingbuildingsor fortifications;othersmaynot. Pwsueis infantry and declares a charge threat. The infantry takes a
inflict casualties at the rate of I casualtyfor each2 inchesof steadiness test,passes, andfoms square.Thereis a regimentof
unin.errupted pursuit. lf their move exceedsthat of the enemy heavy dragoonsin support 2 inches to the right rear which
they may passthroughto attackfreshenemyin their path or declares a charge threat against the Fr€nch cavalry. Both
maypushthemalonginflicingcasualties asabove.Ifthe enemy cavalry regimentschargeeach other, the British cavalry being
passthroughor aroundfTiends, thepu$uersmayattackthemor joined by a rashbrigadier.The infantry fires into the flank of the
halt short. Frenchcavalry.The infantry movedso throw I die per 4 figures
$oring 3 and having no effect. The English cavalry throws
PURSUIT AND RETREAT MOVES 3t1:4, the Frenchthrow 4+1=5- Neithersidewon so both
Light Cavalry:8+ d6'Othercavatryandhorseartillery6+ d6" would haveto retire but the rashgeneralchoosesto reroll his die
Iregular Infantry: 2 + d6" Other lnfantry and artillery: d6" and scoresa 6+1=7, defeatinghis opponent.The defeated
cavalry retreats 6+3=9 inches. They pass through their
Th€reare no penaltiesfor turning.All units are disordered. suppo s who were8 inchesbehindthem,causinga steadiness
Terrain has its nomal effecls. check.The supportingunit rolls a 1 andbecomesdisorderedbut
is joined by the brigadier who was within 3 inches, rolls again
and passes.They declare a charge against the pursuers and
STEADINESS: advanceinto contact. The pursuersadvanced6 inchesbefore
Testimmediatelyby rclling 1 die per unit when: beingcontacted,so cause3 casualties on the beatencavalry.
Friendsbreakand retreatin disorderwithin 3 inchesi The resulting chargeis resolvedwith the French cavalry being
-Aunit loses25%ofits ftont rankoranycasualties if enfiladed down 2 points becauseof their disorderedstate. The dice are
- Attacked from behind the flank or rear, or if attempting to 5- I =4 for the Fren€hand4+ 1for the British. Neither sidewon
chargeformationor facingwhileattackingor beingattacked so both will fal ba€k.
or if contactedby pursuers-
- Requiredby scenarioor umpire. (2) A battalion of 12Frenchinfantry advancesto within I inch of
a baualion of 12 veteran British infantry. The British do not
38
wish to changefacing or formation so have no reaction. The
Frenchfire astheyadvancethrowing3dicescoring2+3+4=9;
the target factor is 5, so I hit is scored.Th€ British retum fire THE MODEI BOX
with 11stationary figuress€onng2+3+5+6:16,whichis 3 hits.
This is 25% of the Frenchfrontage,so they take a steadiness 12 Wright Slreet,
check,itisalso 25%of theirtotalso theyminus2 from rhedie.
Theyroll a 3 andfall into disorder.TheBritishinlantrydeclares
Hull,
a chargeand closes.The Bdtish throw 3+1+1=5, the French
throw 3+0=3. The French have lost, they throw a 2 and so
North Humberstde.
retreat2 inches.The Bdtish throw a 5 and pursue5 inches,
d ving the Frenchback and inflicting 2 casualties.The French
0482-2r3483
must checkmoraleand roll 1-2=-1 and break.runnins 12
inches.end. facingaway trom rhe British and lose ano-her
figure as a straggler. Hull's PremierWarqames
& FantasySho-p
Whlte Metal Our stockincludesthe
CasttngAssoclatlon followingranges:
Mr Neville Dickinson, Managing Director of Southampton
basedMiniature FiguresLimited waselectedthe first Chairman Citadel Grenadier & a full ranoe
of the White Metal CastingAssociationat rheir inaugulal Minifigs Dixonlvins. of modelki6,
meeting held at the Intemational Tin Researchlnsritute in Essex Skytrex paint &
Uxbridge on TuesdayApril 18th. lrregular RocoMini-tanksbrushes
The Association has over one hundrcd members in the
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major national and international metal and manufacturing Send50pfor 15mmsamole& oriceli$
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The Association was formed to provide an organisationto
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commercial and technical principals within the industry, to
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integrity of its memb€rs,its supplien and its customels.

Nevi e Dickinson of Minifigs ad*essing the W.M.C.A. Photo: Intunational Tin ResearchInstituE.
 THE ITAPOLEOIIIC
CAilP/UGII IIODULE
ETIO5
The latest additjon to the EaglebearerBattle
MEnagementSystem is the long awaited
NapoleonicCampaignModule.0sed in con.
junction with EAGLEBEARERthe module
now makes possiblethe ri.rnningof campaigns
Mth an amazing degree of realism. EMO5 will
runyourcampaignswiththe samemeasureof
authenticiv and excitement with whjch
EAGLEBEARERmanages the battles. There
is no further need for e{tensivepaperworkand
records Players who in the Dast have run
campalgns may now take an activepart as the
q/stem manages the campaign for them.
Thecapabilities ofthe CampaignManagement
system are too extensive!o list in this ad From
the initial disposition of forces to the man.
ouevering and strategic objectives of the
campaigrl from minor encountersto major
battles,are a covered Osedin coniunction
with EACLEBEAREREMO5now a o;s a totat
simulationof the NapoleonicWars Listedare
some of the facilitiesavailablein EAO5.

*AUTOMATIC COMPILATIONOF CAMPAIGNUNITS * DISPOSITIONSDATEDAND RECORDED

FROMARMYUSTS AUTOMATICALLY
* CAMPAICNCALENDAR FORTHEYEARS 1790.1815 * AUTOMATICARMYLISTUPDAT]NG
* CAAPAICNMTIONAL CHAMCTERISTICS * USERDESIGNATEDPARTISAN ACTMTY
* AUTOMA-IICATTRMON * CAMPAICNFORMA'IIONREPORTS
* PERSONALISED PTAYERCODESFOR * AUTOMATICOPDATEOFCAMPAjGNFOR/q,AIIONS
RESTRICTEDACCESS FOLLOWNCATTRMON
* DAILYSICHTINCREPORTS * AUTOMAT1C FTANKMARCHARRIVAL
* OPTIONALCOMPOTER RESOL(MON OF M]NOR CALCUTAT1ON
CONFUCTS * REPTACEAENTS FORPTAYERALLOCATION
* AOTOIVIATIC
COMPITATION
OF AR/v1y
LISTS * COMMENDANONFACIUTY
FOROB'S * AOTOII1ATIC
UPDATESOF TROOPTRAINTNC
* ATIRMON BY RECIONAND WEATHER AND MOMLE LEIELS
* OSABLEWTTHAIIY CAMPAIGNMAP * MANYOTHERFEATORES

Other ModulesAvailable
EIITO1. THE AR'{Y ORGANISER EMO4 . THE COORIERS
* THE ARMY ORCANISER This module allows the player the use of badefield
* POST BATTLE STAT1ST1CS courierc for the passing of orders betweencommanders.
* TERRAINMODIFIER The couriersare olposed to the samerisksas their historic
* OSER DESIGNATED AMITIONMON/FATICUE
AND MORALE LEVETS
* * * FACHMODULEINCORPOMTESA DIFFERENTCOMPU/VIENTARY OPCRADETO THE
EAGLEBEARER BATTLEMANAGET\ENT
sYsTEM* * *
Modulesareavailable
onlyfor discversions.
Prices:EACLEBEARER
BATTLEMANACEMENTSYSTEM IBM rc/COMPA'NBLES
ATARIST s,24.95
AMSTRADCrc s19.95
Ervrol
ANDEMo4 it:;Em;AssErrE ffg;
EMO5'AVAITABLEFARLYJOLY
p6 p5E 0K and BFPO 15%EUROPE ALL FOR,qATS ,2435
30%OVERSFAS
AtR
F;Ft BATTLE HO OURa b Irtoore t5ne, OrGtoD, nr. Ktdd--b;;,] r"'"-ovtlsmF
lfrl r.rr oz4 63t 62z Ferr oigg-fio ;.'
T:J
40

POTTAVA by Pete Berry

A SIGNIFICANTSKIRMISH Moreoveritgavehimanopponunitytoaffectarendezvouswith
group party of CounrLewenhaupr who.$ilh 16.000 menwasaccompanying a
On 2TthJune1700.a ofcossackscaughtsightofa
huge supply train,which alsoincluded hisheavyadllery pieces.
Swedish cavalry.As tbeseSwedes wereon the othersideofan
impassabl€ river the cossacks decidedthat it wassafeto attack whichwouldbe neededif Moscowwasto bebesieged. The lurn
them.andbeganto take a few poFshots,morein hop€thanin south offered a chanceto recover ftom the arduous tnarcb and
anysurecerlainlyofa result.Suchsmallscaleharrassmentwas to setforth in the new yearwith a largerarmy. rested,fed and
aneverydayoccurence to the Swedes,andtheythoughtlittleof readytornakea finalpushto Moscow.As weallknow,lhebest
the incident until they reachedtheir camp. There it was laid plans...
discovered that therehad beena casualty.A stmymusketball
hadhit the foot of one of the riders,the ball piercingthe toe, RUSSIANSUCCESSES
travellingthe lengthof the foot, and shatteringthe heel.This The first ofmany blowscameuponarrivingat the rendezvous
soldier,€rippledby thepaintuIwound.wasthusprevented from with Mazeppa'sforces.Insteadof 30,000cossackallies,he
playinga full partin the battlewhichwasto followshortly.The foundonlya thousandRussiansoldiers. The latterwerequickly
importanceofthis solecasualtyshouldnot be underestimated.dealtwith, but the truth washarderto brushaway.TsarPeter
asthisider happenedto be King CharlesXII of Sweden,and hadwindof Mazeppa's plans,andhadpre-empted the alliance
the luckyshotof the cossackwasdestinedto havea dramatic by crushingthe cossacks beforecontactwith the Swedisharmy
effectfar bevondits immediatesienificance. couldbe affected.Therewasto be no helpat all to the Swedes

SWEDISHHEGEMONY Perhapsmore importantly,therewasto be litde help from

Tograsptheimportan€e ofall ofthis.wemustlook attheevents Lewenhaupt. In an epicanddrawnout seriesof actionsfought
leadingupto CharleJswounding.By 1708.CharlesXII was at around lhe village of Lesnaja,the Russiansattackedthe
rhehighpointofhispowerandinfluence.ThearmiesofSweden Swedishreinforcement column.The supplywagonshad to be
hadcrushedall her aggressorc on the battlefieldandleft their burnt. and$e artillerypiecesdestroyedto preventthemfrom
king as arbiter of Europe. Dennark had been swiftly and falling into Russianhands.Peter was to call this battle the
''Motherof Poltava.'and for very goodreasons,Charleshad
ignominiously beaten,Saxonyhumbled.anda Swedish appoin-
teesaton thethroneofPolnad.Thatleftonly Russia,andit was been expecting16.000well-equippedreinforcements, food,
eastwardthat Charlesnow turn€dhiseyes.Thus.aftera grear munitionsandan artillerytrain. Whathe a€tuallygotwas8000
dealof planningandpreparalion.Charlessetout at the headof starvingand ilfequippedrefugeesfrom the battle.
anarmyof43.000nen to showtheTsarthathe posturedagainst
Swedenai his peril. The wisdomof this expeditionis often Worsewasto follow. ln the sameway that the elementshad
doubred,buthistoriansalwayshavetheadvantage ofhindsight. aidedtheSwedes at Naraa,eightyearsbefore.theynowseemed
Charleswell knewthat it wasonly the influenceof TsarPeter to conspireagainstthem.The winter of 1708-09 provedto be
thatkept the Russians in the war, andthathe wasan €xtremely one of the coldest ever. It wassaidthat birdsdroDDeddeadin
unpopular ruler. The presence of an invadingand vi€torious nighr. and barrels of srne froTesold. $ilh n; supplieso'
arny on the soil of Mother Russiawould have a very good shelter.the Swedessufferedtefribly, especiallythe horses,
chanceof rnobilisingthe conservativeelementsin Russian manyof whichwere killed and eaten.
sociervwho wishedto seethe backof their westemised Tsar.

SIEGEOF POLTAVA
PETER'SFABIAN TACTICS In May 1708.Charlesdecidedto besiegePoltava,in the hope
TsarPeterwashowever,nobody'sfool. In the yearssincethe that the captureo{ thistown wouldyield to him muchneeded
disasterat Narvahe hadrebuilthisarmy.Havingdecidedthat suppliesof food and munitions.Peterhad decidedthat it was
his best ally was the vastnessof his country. he begana time ro makehis move.and MarshalSchemetreyev. with an
systematic scorchedearth policyin the faceof the advancing armv of 70.000,moved closer to the Swedes,
camping on the
Swedes. Defendingriverlinesandmountinginnumerable raids. Easternbank of the river Vorskla.It waswhile conductinga
theRussians gavegroundgrudginglyandsteadily.Theselactics reconnaissance patrol at lhis time that Charlesreceivedhis
provedfar moreeffectivethanany battlein slowingdownthe
Swedishadvance,indeedthe only time that the Russians were Justat thiscrucialpoint. the Swedesweredeprivedof their
engaged in a full scaleaction.theyweresoundlybeatcn.in an leader.ihe painfulwoundconfiningCharlesto hissickbed.For
actionnear the villageof Holowczyn-Inevitablythe lack of the next lwo davs even his iron-constitutionand inhuman
suppliesbeganto lellon the advancingarmy, andprovisionhad
to be madefor the Swedesto go into winterquarlers.Thusit
was,that despitebeingwithin strikingdistanceof his tarrget- PARTIZAN PRESS
Moscow-Charlestook to turnhismensouth areintroducingasisterpublicationto their outstanding
thefatefuldecision
and marchinto the Ukraine1()find food and supplies. E.C.w. Notei& Queri;s. EighteenthCenturyNotes&
Queries.SAE to Pafiizan Press,26 Cliffsea Grove.
Thisrnomentousdecisionwas madefora numberof reasons. Leigh-on-Sea.
Essex,SS91NQ.
Charleshad beenofferedan allianceinvolvingboth supplies
and reinforcements
by Mazeppa,a Ukrainiancossackleader.
self-controlcouldnot stophim{romlapsinginandout of a fever In the gloomofthe earlyhoun,the Swedish annyadvarced.
coma.Ill at easewithouthisconfidentleadership,andunwilling Theplanwasto rushpasltheredoubtsandsurpdsethe Russians
to take the initiative. the SwedishMarshalsand Generals who werestationedimmediatelybehindthem.This stratagen
becamemoie disquieted by the purposefuladvance
of the huge workedperfectly,with the Russians in the redoubtstakenby
Russianarmy. surprise,and the Russiandragoonregimenrsfleeingfor their
lives,not stoppingto pit themselves againstthe tury of the
Swedish Holse.Thecryof "Victory!" rangout fromtheranksof
RUSSIANCOIJNTER the blue-coatedcavalry.
TsarPeterknewthatit wasnowornever.andthathe wouldnot
havea betteropportunityto defeatthe Swedes.The armyhe Behind the Horse, the Foot seemedto be makingsteady
hadcollectedcontained70,000regutartroopsand 150ad[ery progress, only hinderedslighdyby the redoubts.It wasat this
pieces.His veterantroopshadbeenbloodedin a seriesof easy point that thereoccuredtwo eventswhichwereto havegrave
victoriesover outlying Swedishgarrisons,and many had tasted repercussionsfor the Swedes.Firstly, General Creutz, with the
victoryin the battlesat Lesnajathe previousyear.This army Dragoonregiments,totallingsome5000menwassentin a wide
couldbe expectedto facethe Swedishbluecoatswithout the fear encirclingmanoeuvrecalculatedto takethe Russiansin the rear
and hysteriathat had afflictedthe aJmyat Nalva. andcut off their line of retreat.Had the planworked,it would
Despit€all of theseadvantages, Peterstill wishedto ensure have sealedthe fate of the Russianalmy. As it hapened,
that the forthcomingbattlewasto be foughton his terms.He Creutz's force suffered the fate of a detached continsent
movedhisarmyintoa massive fo(ified campon the northside execunnga complicated manoeuvre in thedark.andcompletely
of the river Vofskla,threateningthe Swedishsiegelines.The lost its way, only arriving after the main battle was effectively
projected battlefield lay beiween the two camps, and was done. At a stroke.the Swedeshad lost 20% of theh force
delinit€ly unfavourable to Swedishtactics, being broken by without firing a shot or bloodying a blade.
woods, nvines and marshes- ground very unsuitablefor
cavalrymen.To tu(her disrupt the flow of any potential attack, While the Dragoonsbegantheir futile ride, thingsrverenot
Peter ordered a series of redoubts to be built to act as a proceeding well with the Foot. the originalplan calledfor an
"breakwater" againstthe formidable Swedishcharge. By the advancethroughthe linesof redoubts,with all four columns
moming of June 27th only two of these had been fully reformingbeyondthem.Withoutthe dynamismandleadenhip
completed,but all were mannedand arned. Betweenthese of a tuly fit CharlesXIl, the Swedessuffered a grave nishap.
fotu and the main camp.he postedhis dragoonregiments. The right hand brigade, commandedby General Roos became
boggeddownattemptingto stormtheRussianredoubts,instead
of leavingthem intactasordered.Inevitablya gapopenedup
betweenhis forcesand the main army. Peeringthroughthe
SWEDISHPREPARATIONS gloom and cloudsof gunpowdersmokewhich obscuredhis
That evening,Charleswaswell enoughto tell hisofficelswhat view, Roossuddenlycaughtsightof someblue-coated horse-
theymustdo. Theywouldhaveto fight a battleandof course, men.Hopingthatthese wouldcoverhisretreat,Roospulledhis
win it. MarshalRhenskioldwassurnmoned to hisKing'sbedside batteredcolumnoui of the attack. Unfortunately for him, these
to be informedof the planofbattle. with typicalaudacity,and mountedmenprovedtobe a largenumberofRussianDmgoons
with noconsidemtion forDositionorodds.therewasto be anall under the commandof General Menshikov.The Swedes
out attack.Rhenskioldleft his King to sleep,and set about attemDtedto break out towards the river- and thenceto their
marshalling his veterantroopsinto battleorder. own lines,but the Russians hadthe advantage ofnumbersand
Ofthe troopsavailable,Charleshaddeemedthat 7,500men mobility.Even the broken natureof the grounddidn't help
should remain to guard the camp and earthworks,leaving Roos'smen, as it only providedcoverin whichthe Dragoons
21.000to do battle.With Rheflskioldin overallcommand,the wereabletoshelteranddismountto gjvefire. With theirbacks
arrnywasdividedinto a numberof attackingcolumns,four of to the dver, Roos'ssoldierswerefinally obligedto surrender,
Foot and si\ of Holse. The plan was to surprise the Russian their originalstrengthof 1400reducedto just 400men. It is a
redoubts,burstingsiraightthroughthe line of emplacementsmark of the relative qualitiesof the opponentsthat the Russian
and on into the Russiancamp, relyingon superiorSwedish detachment that finallycausedthemto capitulatenumberedin
organisation afldcontrolledaggressionto win the day,asit had excess of 10,000men!
doneon €ountless previousoccasions.
As the columnsbeganto muster,there would have b€en DespiteRooJssetbacks, the mainbodyof the Swedisharmy
many in the Swedishranks,from the highestofficer to the was still doing well, chasingthe fleeingRussianswho were
lowliest musketeerwho could rememberhow againsteven streamingback to the safety of their fortified €amp and their
greaterodds,a Swedisharmy had destroyeda Russianhost massivenumber of friends. Once through the redoubts, tbe
ensconcedin a fonified camp.Theremusthavebeenasenseof Swedesbeganto order their battle line. That Charleswas
expectationand relief to be finally facingthe Russians in the sufiering the effe€tsof his wound was now all too apparent.
field afterthe rigoursof a terible winterandthe boredomofa Und€rnormalcircumstances, he wouldsurelyhaveodered ar
siege.One lastbattleand the defeatof the Tsaron the soil of all out pursuitof the Russians, allowingthe fugitivesto crash
MotherRussiawouldendthiswar, andtheycoutdall go home through the camp defencesand ordered ranks of their
to friendsand familiesnot seenin eightlong yean. colleagues, thus maintainingthe impetus,and avoidingfire
from the hugenumbersof cannonwhich accompaniedthe army.
As it was,he haltedandthenbegana marchon aline parallelto
SWEDISHADVANCE the main line of attack. This delay gave the Russiansthe
Amazinglyenough,Charleswas there leadinghis men into breathing spaceneededto pull themselv€sfrom the brink. To
action.Nothingcouldstophim from takingthe field with his makematterswone for the Swedes, Charleswaspersuadedby
"Blueboys,"evena cripplingwound.In an extraordinary show Marshal Lewenhaupt to march with the ertire army to the aid of
of bloody-mindedness, the SwedishKing was camed into the Roos's column. It was an indecisive move that hadthe Swedes
fray in a litter borneby two dozenofhis Lifeguardslwith such marchingbackon themselves to aid their comrades.
an exampleof bravery,how couldthe Swedesfail?
.12

BATTLE OF POLTAVA . FIRST PHASE

RUSSIANCOUNTER.ATTACK adlance.they fixed thei. bayonets.advancediheir pike and

Thusreprieved.Tsar Peterwasnotidlei hewasnoi in a mood1o sleppedout. as sureof s
let his bestchanceslip. ln a seriesof positiveactionswhich Atninco clockin themorning. thesecond andclimatic phase
contrastedsharplywith thoseof his opponentthe Dragoons of the bauleof Poltavaconncnced.The fire fron thc scventy
wereralljed.andcontigents sentoui to completethe ensnaring Russian cannonpouredinto theSsedishrankswith devasratin-e
and downfallof Rooss men.Then. exhoriinghis officersand effect. One ofthe firstvollevsactuallyhit Charless littcr party.
rnen. gallopingrhroughthe linesof his reginents.he had the leaving the King shaken.desrroying the litter andkillingallbur
army lcavethe safetyofthe campand form up in line readvto threeof ihe bearers.Charleswasableto find a horse.bur took
takc the battleto the Swedes.The Foor wasfon'nedinio lwo no parl in the battleafter ihis.
lines.with Dragoonspostedon his right wing. Realisinghis Thefire fromthe massed arrillerywasmurdefous.The lefrof
rnajor adlanta-se.he had the artillerymanhandled out of the the Swedish line was mown down.one vollevbeingenoughro
canp. and placedall alongthe front line some70 artillery destroy ihe Kalmar regimeni. On thc righr- Lew€nhaupt
pieceswerethus broughtto bearupon the Swedes.who had astonishingly gothismento fall on to theRussianline.breaking
belatedlybegunto advanceupon the main Russianforce. their opponents with cold steelandevenlakinga few cannon.
The sheer\reighlof numberssoonrold. and thc Swedeswere
Upon observingthe Russianactivity.the Swedeshadhahed forcedback.slep b], grudgingstep.
their march,and bv executinga well'driiledleft turn formed Ai the heightof ihis desperatestruggle.TsarPerershowed
thenselvesinto line of battle.Due to the absenc€of Creutzs thecouragewhich hadbcensoIackingatNarva. ridingamon-sst
rnen.andthe difficuhgrounduponwhichihe battlewasto b€ his soldiersand urging them to fighi. The Swedishatlack.
fought.the SwedishHorsewouldhaveliitle pafl to play in this initiallysodcvastatingunder normalcircumstanccs. but blunred
fight thiswasto be a battlefor rheinfantryrnen.The Swedish by the artilleryandhamp€redby lack of powderand numbers
Foornumbered onl) {U{rU.
rheirRu!\i:rncounrerprjr\JU\ro!el was checked.h€ld and repulsed.T\ro regimentsof Swedish
30.000.but these were odds to which the Swedeswere Horceattemptedto slowthe advanccofthe RussianFool. and
accustomed. so whcn lbe drumbeatorderedthe bluecoatsto aidtheircolleagues. but eventhcvcouldnotstoptheineriorable
 B A T T L TO T P O L I A V q . S E C O N DP H A S T

advanccof the Russians.

Today.rhe rradirionalrolesof victor but lie outsidethescopeofthis article.burI canrecommend
any
and\anquishedwererevcrsed.andthe Russianswere not to be readerto tollow them up from the bookslisredbelow.
deniedrheir victorv.

CAPITULATION
SWEDISHWITHDRAWAL TheSwedeswho remainedfaceda largeforceofRussians ledby
The end \r'rs noq, inevitable.but the Srledesdid not rout, Menshikov.Termswereofferedandaccepted. Theuflthinkable
knowingthat noquarterwould begivenandnoneasked for.An had happened' a large Swcdisharmy had surrenderedro
orderlr relrcatwasexeculedby the mainbodyat theexpense of Russianforces.who under more usualcicumstanceswould
the rearguardunirs who \rerc overuhetmed.Even the late havebe€nsimplysweptaway.Forsomethesituationprovedro
arrival of Creutzs men could nol make an irnpacron lhe be loo much.One proudbattaliondid atlcmptonelastcharge,
Russians. aho sirnplyformedsquareandfacedoffthcmounred andrnanyindividualsflung themselves into the swiftwarersof
men.CharlesXII wasescortedoffrhe battlefield.The bartleof theDnieper.Twoofficersshot eachother,rathcrthansufferthe
Pollavawas finished.and the SwedishKing was tastingthe ullimatehumiliation.However.over 14,000officersand men
biiter fruirsof defearfor lhe first time. did surrender.They wercevenruallyparadedthroughMoscow
As thc Swedishcampwasoverrun.the remnantsof ihe armv and atterwardsdisperscdthroughoutthe Tsais rerrirories,
were rallied and relrealcd in an orderly fashionaway from neverto beararmsagain.A sadend for a proud army.
Poltava.Nearly 16,000men retreatedtowardsthe Dnieper, To lhe Russians.the victory at Poltavawasto be a maior
whcrcLewenhaupt drcwlhemup. Despitcthepresence of rheir turningpoinl.
Inthcshortterm,CharlesXllhadbeenbeatenin
King. the army was rhoroughlybeaten and demoratised. batlle,the Swedisharmydestroyed,andall dangerof invasion
Accompanied by a thousandmounredmenCharlescrossed the removed.In the longterm,the Russianarrnywasprovenro be a
rjver on horsebackto seeksanclua.yin the landsof Russia's crediblemilitaryforce.andTsarPeterwasleftwith a freehand
otherenemy the OttomanEmpire.His adventures in thisland to continuehis plansof weslwardlcrritorial expansion.Tsar
areanotherextraordinarychapterin hisunconventional carecr, Pcterhad learntfrom his lessonsat Nana nine vearsearlier.
Charleshadnot, indeedthe easeofthat tdumphcausedhim to Swedesare extremelydifficultto beatin closecombat,so th€
underestimatehis opponents,with dire consequences for useof artilleryis vital lo the Russiancause.
himself,his arny and ultimatelyhis €ountry. TheSwedes canonlyattackandhopeto followup earlyinitial
During the courseof the actualbattle.the Swedeslost 301 successwithout losingloo many men or detachments. The
officersand6,600otherranks deadonthebattlefield,while191 troops,whilefewerin numbersarefar superiorin closecombat,
officersand2,600othersweretakenprisoner.The latterfiSue andit is thisfactthat givesrhe Swedesa chance.Charlesmust
includedno lessthan four generals.The Russianstook 1300 accompanythe army,but hemustnot becaptured,otherwise all
casualtiesall told. Whicheverwayit is examined,the Russians is lost.To reDeat.the swedishhaveno oDtionbut to artack.
had a comprehensive victoryindeed.
TIIE RUSSIANARMY
WARGAMING THE BATTLE The Russiansshouldstart the gamedeployedin three main
Poltava,likethebattleof Narvadescribedin a previousissueof bodies,onegroupedin andaroundtheredoubts,andanotherin
action.Perhapsfor this reason.
WI, is a big and spectacular .he main canp, and a rhird in the smallerold camp.
15nm or smaltermight be the preferredscaleof action.The a) The Redoubts:
mapsaccompanying the anicleshouldgive a goodidea of the All of the redoubtsshouldbe mannedby detachments taken
layout required.with the River Vorslkl marking one table from three line regiments.ln addition,a total of 12 artillery
piecesmay be distributed,threelight andnine medium.Only
threeofthe redoubtsmaybe €ompleted.(urnpire'sdiscretion),
All of the redoubtsshouldbe manned,althoughonly a fe\v althoughtheuncompleted workswillstilloffersomemeasure of
were actuallytully completed.Behind the redoubts,all the
Dragoonsshouldbe deployed.However,neitherthemenin the Immediatelyto therearofthe redoubtswerepostedall ofthe
redoubtsor theDragoonsseemed to knowmuchofthe Swedish RussianDragoons, totalling22regiments,fiveof whichmaybe
attackuntil it hil them; they shouldnot be able to tak€ any designated as Horse Grenadiers. These should be deployedat
actionuntil attacked.Perhapsthis could be deternined by a least two lines deep, in four nain groupings. These unitswere
"on maystartthe game
judiciousdiceahrowor two by an umpire,to decideat exactly caught the hop", soonly four regiments
what point the Russiansmay move. The main body of the mounted.A RussianDragoon regimentat this period was
Russians was in the camp.and lheir slowness of deployment dividedinto four conpanies,each300slrong.
contdbutedgreatly to early Swedishsuccess- These troops b) In the nain camp:
shouldnotbeallowedto movefrom the campuntilthe actionis This areacontainedthe bulk of the Russianinfantry,that is to
well underway- perhapsuntil a messenger anives from the say:36linebattalions,8grenadierbattalions,3 battalions ofthe
forcearoundthe redoubts.The numberof exitpointsftom the Semonevski Guard, and four battalions of the Preobrajenski
camp should be carefullycontrolled.Finally, the Russian Guard. In addition, there shouldbe LOTS of artillery. A
artillerysholdbe deployedat regularintervalsall aroundthe suggested breakdown,would be 8 light pieces,15 medium
perimeterofthe camp,andlhesewill needmanhandlingtoget pieces, 15 Heavypiecesand 15 mortars.
them into positionoutsidethe walls. c) ln lhe old camp:
This shouldbe ganisonedby four battalions,2 light guns,two
The Swedes mainproblemlay in theirinabilityto functionas mediumand two heavy.
a coherentwhole.for examplethe lossof contactwith RooJs
columnandtheblunderingof Creutz'smen.Perhaps no overall The qualityof the Russianarmywasoverallstill poor. The
commandershouldbe given to the Swedesto simulatethis- najority of unitsshouldstill be categorised as Raw,whilethe
Perhapseachofficer could be given a differingset of gane grenadier battalions and Horse grenadiers should be classedas
objectives,thus makingir advantageous to Roos ro actually Trained. The Semonevski and Preobrajenski battalionsshould
capturea coupleof redoubts,insteadof bypassing th€m. be classed asVeterarl/Guard status.As befitsthe nahonalarm.
thegunnersshould betrained.Therewaslittlestomachfor close
Ifthe playenconsiderthartheoddsweightoo heavilyagainst combatin the iine regiments.andthe rulesusedshouldreflect
the Swedes,they may allow a coupleof "what-ifs."The first this. However,as the first fury of the Swedishonslaughtwas
wouldallowthe Swedisharmyto rnarchout at full strengthby stopped,the Russiantconfidence roseconsiderably, andagain
an umpire ma! wi'h ro facror thi. inlo (he game.usinga
usingthosemen left in the trenchesaroundPoltavaand the "success
canp. The secondwould be to allow CharlesXll to take principleof breedingsu€cess."
commandasif unwounded. Thislatterwould ofcourse have an It should be noted that the Dragoonswereusedasmounted
effecronly if the rulesyou useare flexibleenoughto takeinto infantry rather than as true cavalry-Therefore,they should
accountrhepresence ofsuchanoutstandingleader. lfthis latter havequitea heftyhandicapifthey areforcedtoengage inclose
cours€is not taken-Charlets effecton the batde shouldbe combat whilst mounted.
negligible.exceptperhapsas a liabiliiy. After all, he must ln overall commandwas the Tsar Peter the Great. As a
accompany the army on to the baltlefield.yet canonly move commander,he still bad a lot to learn. but on the day of thh
slowly,is semi'conscious, andin suprenecommand.(Sounds battlehe wasa vigorousandablefigure.andshouldbe ranked
like the perfectdefinitionof a Generall) as'Inspiring-'Gen€rals Bauer and Menshikovshouldbe
Russiantacticsare fairly straightforward. The army musi stationed with the Dragoons. andratesas Average.'TheFoot
deploy from the camp quickly and in sufficientnumbersto werein the handsof the GeneralsHallart and Golytsin,again
preventthe Swedesstorning it before the battle has really mted as Average. GeneralSchemeneyev is ratedas'Good.'
begun.The de€isionas to when to deploy the artillery is a and should start the game alongside Peter. slationedwith rbe
difficultone,asit is soslowmovingjtmayholdupthe infaniry. Guard battalions inside the main camp.
but is neededto softenup the Swedes.who are morethan a
match for the Russiansin the open field without it. The
overwhelming numericaladvantage mustbe playedto the full THE SWEDISHARMY
and isolateddetachments defeatedin detail.whicheverrules Thereare two bodiesto considerin the Swedisharmy.Firstly.
areused.it mustbe reflectedthat,on a man-for'manbasis,the those forces which hislorically conductedthe batlle. and
 45
secondly,thosewhich were withheldby Charlesto man the
siegelineandcarnp,etc.The lattergroupareincludedsothatan
npire mayincludesomeor all ofthesein ihe battleasw;shed-
WILDGEESE
a) The Main Body
The Foot, totalling 18 battalions.were divided into four
MINIATURES
bngades.each4 or 5 battalionsstrong.Four battalionswere Hereis the first part ol our bfand new rangeof
Foot Guards.and thesewould seemto have been divided 15mmfiouresfor the GreatNorthWar 1700-1721
betweenthebrigades,ratherthanused asonebody.The sizeof SWEDES RUSSIANS
Inl€ntry InLntry
th€battalionsvariedfrom300to 600strong.averaging 450men. GNS 1 Musket€€rlnrricorn GNB I Musketeer in Tricorn
TheHorse.consisted of onesquadronofDrabantcuards.12 GNS 2 Muskele€rlnkarcus GNB 2 Musketeer in Polalem
GNS 3 Pikemani^ Tricorn GNR 3 Pikemanln Tricoh
of Horseguards. and 48 of line cavalry.The Dragoonswere G\S a P!"mdn - kd.pus GNR ! P'lerdn 'n Pora.er
maderp of 4 companies of Guardsandzl0companies of line. G N S5 G ' e n a d e ' CNB5 - -p C.enadie'
GNS 6 lnfantryCommand GNR 6 LlneCommand
Thetwo bodieswouldhavebe€nbrigadedseparately, although G N R/ c - a d c ' e n a d e .
tacticauythercwasno differencebetweenthem,the Dragoons ::"'€'? ",.^^^" cNR 3 c-a.dcomr6'o
fightingmountedandcharginghone. Theentiremountedbody cNs B i;i;it r...p". cav'rry
6NSI Cdvo?Co-mcnd C N RI l r n e D . q o o - a I r c o r n
wasdividedinio sixcolunns.eachconsistingofabout 18troops, G N S I o D ' 6- q o o C
n o-mand G \ , R 1 0L ' n "o r a i o o n1 P o \ 6 e n
c N R l o L i n eo r a ; o o n l nP o k a e m
ea€hnumberingabout1300men in total. c N R l t l l o r s eG r e n a d i € r
b) Others GNR12 LineDragoonComnand
Shouldthc umpirewishto boostthe Swedishforces.anyofthe creai Nonh w.r (S@te15dn)
followingnay be available:200Footguards, 900lineinfantry: Allrio!€s sod in oacksof 4 or g
Inlanrrypacisconlain3 fqures andcosrf0.95.
ll00line cavalry:2800line Dragoons.and 15ulrralight guns. C o m r a d p d ' k s" o n t d i na f Q U ' e as n dr o r r r 0 5 0
Despitethe privationsofthe previousyeartheSwedish 'es a-d Losrf1.00
army
Also aATTALIONPACKS -Thesecomain 30ligures andcoslf3.75nc.P&P.
was still a formidableforce. The bulk oI the army must be
trerted as Veteran.and the Guardunits were not a seriesof
''chocolate soldiers,sippingbrandyandreceivingdoublepay.
Theywereexpected to, andfrequentlydid. earntheirposition. SendS.A.E.for a Caralogue
lor 50pfor Sampeandcatatogue)to:
The rulesus€dshouldreflectthe ferocityofthe initialSwedish Wild GeeseMiniatures
charge.but shouldalsonotethe effectsoffarigue.especially in 71 Daneland,EastBarnet.He.ts.EN48PZ
view of the overwhelmingnumbersof their opponents.The
U . K&
. BFPO
a d d1 0 % M
. n 2 0 o . M a xf r . 5 0 E u r o Daed d2 0 % .
Swedishpowderwasof extremelypoor quality,and 1oreflect
this iheir nusket and anillery factors should be heavily Lanaoaand Add 50%
{
penalised.

ln overallcornmand wasCharlesXll. However,he canonly

countasa Pooi commander for the purposesof thisgane. due
to hiswoundandhiswishto conducta battlerlhihrbeingcarried
aroundon a litterl As his immediatesubordinatc,Rhenskiold
countsasan AboveAverageleader.Inchargeofthe Foorwas
Lewenhaupt. who wascompetentifcautious.andassuchrares
as Good. Thedivisionsof Footwerecommanded by cenerah
Roos.Posse.SparreandStack€lberg. allclassedas cood. ihe
Dragoonswerecommanded bv generalCreuE.who shouldbe
classcdas Good. whilstthe Horsewcre in the ablehandsof
Genenls Hamilton and Schlippenback.again class€das
'Good. (It shouldbe noredthat the
Swedeshavea far higher
proportionofGeneralofficers1omenthanthc Russians. Thisis
done to reflectthe contrastingefficiencyof rhe two armies
officercorps.)
RULESAND FIGURES
Not so long ago. I was moaningabout the fact that nobody
producedan accurateset of GNW figures.Wcll. at lcastone
companyhavehadrheexrrenegoodsenseto heedm],call.and
I an happyto savthatWild G€ese Miniatureshavebegunwhat
is to be an extensiveran-qeof fi-quresfor tbis p€riod. I can
endorsetheiraccuracy. andtrustthatpicturesofthese litdemen
!villadornrhepagesofthismagazine before!oo long.sothatthe FullerJ.F.C. Decisbebaulesof the We,em Wortd.
proiagonisrs of this periodcan at last be shownin their true Hatlon R. CharlesXII
Throughourthe ariicle.I haveusedtermslike Trained. or
*Aboveaverage.asguidelinesforreaders to adaptforuse with
the rules lhe\ use. As I pointed out before. there ar€ no
commercialrules availablewhich cover the period. This
situationstill remainstrue. bui Dave Ryan. that budding
RobertMax$,ellofthewargames worldhastwistedmy arminro
lettinghim hale the righlsto my own set.which I havebe€n
usingfor thc pas!few months.So. with rampantcommercial
ism.mayI announce the publicationin advanceofmy rulesfor
earlyeighteenthcenrurywarfare,whichwill soonbe available
from PanizanPress!
To roundoff thisextremelyshortintroduclionto the Creat
NorihernWar period.I shalllist a shorl bibliography.which
shouldenablethe readerto follow up points. As with any
anicle. the completelisi of sourcesusedwould be far longer
ihanis perhapsdesirable orpraclicaltopnnt,butI willbeonly
toohappvto enterjntocorrespondence aboutthisperiod.orthe
armiesand characters involvedin it.
SELECTBIBLIOGRAPHY
AberyA. Karoliner.
BellanderE. Drukt och Uniforn.
Benstsson F.G. Life of CharlesXIl, Kingof Sweden.
ChandlerD. TheA of warfarein theABeof Ma botuugh.
ChandlerD. Marlborough as Mililary Comn.tnder.
Cl:'^ndlerD. Atlas of Miliarf StmtegJ.
CondrayP. Spedisldrd RussianAtmiesoflhe GrcatNothen
RobertsM (Ed). Slrel.n s Ase of Creatness.
VoltaireFMA. TheHistorr of Chd esXII
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knL!hrl
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o h j c c r s o l r u r l o s i\Lo\J. ( u l , ( r l r l k ' l i n r . o I r h r P r n i . { r h r\ \ r r
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coNsTRtic l l()N
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nonr r.rrdbolrLI c\li.d.r ol mitrblc Ji.r.nsi{in! Hc curnul
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p o r n r e df o o f . r n d p r \ s e d i I . r l l , n e ' i o J c
I . u l o u t l h c l i ) u r s r i k l . o r 1r d r e . I o i t , r . r s \ r c s hb o u s h rf r o n r o n . i n t h l . I l g r h o f ' . n r c hd o N e l l i n g )
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o f u s . l ! l c l c h c d h r r \ s f ( ' ! l u . e sl o r t h c n r o l l c ln r r L c r .
I r h r r . r d d e d{ r n l r n , i t , n o l i . l l 1 n r$,or o d l o o . . l o f ! . d e . o l
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n o r l . M L I . d l h r l l h i \ m \ l . r r t c l \ d c l i c ! t cr s c n r h h \ h o u l d b e
r l l o $ . ( 1r o r . \ o h . l_hi\ r\ nor ! llr\
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rhf.. i\ Yor. Sprni!hnrill Senorl
 47

THESHOWNO ONECAN AFFORDTO MISS

"COIOURS"Ar
ARMAGEDDON'89
SEPT.
I6th & I7Ih ATTHEHEXAGON
READING
IRADEFAIR WARGAMECHAMPIONSHIPS
IHEI-ARG6ST
BOOK
NTHE
EARLY
COUNIRY
TOAVOID
EAALY
REMSSANCT
- I-AIIANCIENTS
ANCIEIITS
- MPOIIONIC
_ I4TDIEVAU
- IIIIDIO LAEI9Ih ottflBib*t, PA]NIINO
COI\,4PBITIONS &
DIWPOINIMEMTO: CEM.- WWI(AllrulesbyNEVIBURY RU[S) , DUNGEON
I\4ODELUNO &
ROY
to6s 15cf,o YtEu
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ItM FARM caSH Rms- ^JoatNrP,B PRItrS
FOR 8EsICLUB
HANTIRTON INCLUDINGSocieiy
ofAncienls
Shield,Hke& ShotSodeiy DEI\4O,PARTICPANON
MAIMESBURY Shield,
No@leonicAsociolionShleld,
Confed€rote GAMES
wILn Histoicol
Sociely
Shield,
Newbury Rule6 WWIShield pus AmdCTlONS INCLUDE DEI,IO
sNl69JZ ConnonTrophylorbestclubteom & PARTICIPAIION
GAMES
roRD:t tutlr0l
sEr{D UNIFOIIT4 . BRING
DISPI,A\s &
Woroofir€s
luSroled
Trcphy
forBest Gome
Dernorxlrclion 8LYANDI\,IUCHfulUCH,I\rOM
$jed pus$0 cosh
spomo€d byWorgomes lllslroled

PRESENIED
BYNEWBURY.R
EADING
WARGAM
ESSOCIEIY
SENDA S]AMPEDADDRESSEDENVELOPE
FORCOMPETITION
EI{IRYFORMS & OIHER
DEIATLS ptpEns EAITOW,
TOrCHRISSMI|H,8 BMI|WEU.CtOSET n{/tTCXrU, rirrs. not E lz

tu)o
or2o,goDs
Sail assembly
pRooclccioDs
25mm

We would liketothank thoseat'Bidgehead89,who

vaewedourstand,on ilsdebut, and for rhe encouragement
6' we got from their enthusiasticviewing of our figures.
dowelling As we said then the wo* pEss€s on with the addjtjon to

MEASUREMENTS
Height of Windmill8 inches;widrh 3y, inches
kngth of sails4 inchesiwidth 1 in€h
Base14 x 12 inches,of inegularshape.
EtchedbrassmeshforWindmillsailsfrom ScalelinkCo. (Sheet
No.53)
SOURCES
Author'svisit to CentralSpainin 1983
BerlitzTnvel Guide Madrid
Figures- ScoutingPolishLancen, 'Willie'/Tradirion;painred
by B.J. Harris.
DAWNOF BRITISHINDIA
lange,fiEt rele3s€d as a Dixon'sEnge, it cove6 frcm |are
Mogul to the turn of this century. The reteas€date lor the I
new ligures we had on show ai Bevedeyis the 5th Juty 8S.
2 Mgharanas{CentratIndia)Et 4'7
2 Mvsore8nslsouthern Indid El1t16
2 Atghans/North€h Maharattas Et 13/:p
AND
2 Post 1800/very early S€poys LI 213
Sendt].75 ($5.m plus4ICR'S)fora packof 5 s€mplesand
Iullc€talogue,with a 12month updates€ruiceio:
TWO DBAGONSPRODUCTIONS
70, Luck Lans, Marsh, Huddersfisld.
West Yorkshire HD1 4OX.
Atso dvdilablearc 15mmSamurci. Vikitlgs/Da.k ASes.
Bftish Napoleonic's/ Eady Coloniats.
(Suggestions for new figurcswelcome)
48

TheCOI/I/O/SSEUR
Range
Figuresby PETERGILDER
The Russianstaff at last maketheir appearanceescortedby more Russianinfantry dressedfor the winter
campaigns.Also forthe Confederation ofthe Rhinebuff,the Guardsfrom the armiesofSaxonyand Bavaria
maketheirdebut.
BUSSIAT{NAPOLEONIC PEASO AUTY FIGURES
R 27 Infantrvin Greatcoatadvancino
- Pe 12 CsarAlexand€r
of Rlssia POSTAGE&PACKING-10%
R 28 Infanti in Greatcoalfi ns
R 29 IntuntryOfficerin Grdtcoat Pe 14 Barclayde Tolly UK BFPO:Nlin P&P30o
R 30 Drummerin Greatcoat Ordersover fl5 post free
R 31 $andard B$rer in Greatcoat
B 32 Militia marchino OVEBSEAS
B 33 Militiaon ouard AAVABIANNAPOLEONIC Surface30% min El.00
R 34 Militiastan-dinq BV 13 GuardGrcnadier Airmail 60% min €2.00
BV 14 GuardGrenadierqfficer
SAXON NAPOLTONIC PSICES
SX 6 GudrdGrcnadier FOOT....................................-............_....... 37p
SX 7 GuardGrcnadierOfiicer C 4 V A 1 R Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . .3. .7. .p. . . . . . . . . . . . .
H O R S E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . , . . . . , . .4, .8, ,p. , , , , . , , . , , . , . ,
C A I v I E 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.3. .p. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
For the benefit of our customeE in No.th Anerica
CONNOISSEUB FIGUFESUSA, 2625 FORESTGLENTRAIL,
FlwBwooDs,tLL.eu15 usa.
can now seNtce yout tequtrcnenrs.
n
I r/Et I
r
wOnnOtSSeUr
f XgUreS
20a CoastalRoad,Burniston.
r
Scarborough,N. Yorks,YO13oHR
Tel: (07231870741
Sonde1 tor new catalogue and sample ligure KI
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Rafml{iniatures
QUALITY 25mmFIGURES
MADEINTHEU.K.!

AH-3HELLENISTICS AH-e newt

Portaee Indo-Bact ans
AH-61 I n d ' a nC o mm d n dE l e p h a n"r n h N o b l eC r e w . ..... 19.m

@
AH-62 B a c t r i a n G r e e t C a v a l r y.(. 1 , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .?. .5. p. . .
AH-61 BacrriaP n h a l a n p i t(el ) . . .... .... fl.m
AH-64 I n d i a n J a v e l i n m ; n ( 3 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . .t .I . .0. 0. . . . . . . . . . . .
AH-05 l n d r a n L o n s b o w m a n.(.J. .) . . . . . . . . . . . ............. .. ... I1.00
AH.o6 Ind'anArm;uredlnfanirywithLongbow(l) ... .. .. fl.m
70 Harcourt Street AH-67 I n d r a Ln r q hCt a v a l r(vI ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . 7 5 p
Newark, Notts. AH-o8 S a l , a A r ; o u r e d C a i a l o ( l ) . . . . . . . . ....... .. ..................75p
Telephore:(0636)701439 AH-69 l n d i a n P a l a c e G u a r d s w o m a n ( 3 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -r. 1
. ...m--.....
AH-70 l n d i a n F o r e s t T n b e s n a n ( 3 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .r.1. . -m. . . . . - . . . . . .

U.K. customers
only.Tradeenquiries
welcome.
Mailord€r add l0% postage.minimuml0p. maximum12.50. and list,send!l (U.K.only)
For samples

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 49

d[IDLA]VD MII,ITAIRE /989

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,vEtv,PAINTED!2mm BOXEDMINIBATTLESETS NEW!
Each Mini Baftle Set contains 2 amies and I batttefield.
The Battlefieldsmeasure8" x 8" and likethe armiesare.painted, and representative of the field of actionof any
git--gl_p:Ii9!:llg lr-.ies too are composedof units,a paintedand bisea io represent2 armiestypicatofth;
penoo,In conllct on the ttetd,
All setscomeboxedwith a set of easy-to-playrules.Ratherlikea travellingchessset,thesecouldbe classedas
g""y:llil-s.-*"rS9T9".9rjust a great way to havea-batttewith as tinte er"p"nseanj propir"t[; ;; ;;;;tbt;-
Inesesetsare manutactured by us, paintedby'Microscape'. and are availabreonly from KnightD;signs.
Cost of eachset only t14.50 + p&p Buy three- get a fourth one freei!
sETs AVAILABLENow!
qet A) The lrarlburian wars. setJ) The crimean war.
SetB) The 7 YearsWar (Prussian vs Austrian). SetK) TheAmericanCivilWar.
SetC) TheJacobileRebellion1745. SetLl The Franco-prussian War.
Set DJ TheAmericanWar of Independence. Set M) TheZuluWars.
SetE) Ihe Napoleonic Wars(1)(Britishvs French). Set N) ThoSudan.
Set F) The Napoleonic Wars{2) (Russian/Austrian
vs French). SetO} The Russo-Japanese War.
Set G) The U.S.-Mexican War. Set pi VvWl Wester; Fro;i.
Set H) The lndian Mutiny. Set O) VVW1EasternFront.
Set I) The Franco-Austrian War. Set R) WW1 palestine
Pleaseadd l0% Postage& Packing(inland),30% (overseas) M6kea chequesand postatorders payabteto Kni€ht Designs
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 53

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54

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Tel (0380)4558
with GAMESINNOVATION
We shallbe at lne lollowinsshowsin:he neartuiure:
slMglhJul Challenger,Sath
KinqEdw.rd'3School
Figures 22ndl23rdJuly Att ck Daviz6
CornExchang€

WW
29lh/30rh Jul MidlandMilhane,Snminghafr
csnnal Library
5th Aus Clatnore,Edinbursh
AdamHouse,ChamberSt,
12th/l3thAug Warcon,
BkminghamPolytehnic
at.o
2nd8rd S6p Banb ol Roundway,Devizes.
SeaiedKnot Fe'enacrmsnt
omcnl MNlFtGs
slocKtsr
Fgqr€
MinialureFiqurines:All 15mmand Eosl 25hm ranq.s& B.l P.nha
H€roi6& Fos rigures& RoundwavMinidu'es-.Ilf'gure rarges
DrronsfurnrdturesAll 15mm& 25mmrEnoss -
N.wsr& Naismhh-seleded ranss,

'"*:*r-;#**."i'{*.."- EARLv_rMpERrAL
tools & fi!16
l-"llJ&i;";#l;"1T.,50 RoMANS
WaA6F€. R*€arch Group;R.fm Public.lions,Empn. Gama Pre$;
MODGames;ldolelopCahes; NewburvBul€sjospBy M.n at Armsj
V3ngu6rd,plusselectednlesf'om nany otherpublishoE.
-- tcr.ln & Mod.l Buildi.g.
:nffffi;.i"fi:;* 15 .THEARMTE''F Int.gralT€rain: K&MTr€*: Hov€b{r.sinl, M.inlV Military{'es'nl;
Hard@verD6ion (ca'd)jSLSSc€nicPbdud9
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EXPANSToN" Fortull derailsol our mailorder*wic6 36ndan3.6.€.io ihe abovesddrss.
ffiifmn. lal
f6l: ?xP/r.{ orrE ov.4 Lt-l-u
eERKs.
Shopop.n Tu6e-Sat (10.00dm.5.00pm).
VISAard ACCESSAeeptad

When replying to adverts please mention Wargames Illustrat€d.

25mm CRIMEAN
WAR 25mm
firci Sorp8tE
15mm Metal Figures
R o m a n&
s Gauls
RUSSIAN
ARIILLERY Moghuls
CRNAI6PdrFieldcun l.5op ThirtyYearsWar
CRNA212PdrFieldcun 1.5ob
(RNA3 laPdrHowitzer r.soi EnglishCivilWar
CRNA424PdrsiegecunonNavalcaiiiage 1.80p SevenYearsWar
RUSSIAN
LINEARTILLERY
IN GREAT
COATS French& IndianWars
cRA1 Offkqin 6p 3Op Clivein India
cRA2 h^e with portfirc in (ap 28p
cRA3 Mewith rahrcdincap 28p
AmericanWar of
CRAI PVteholdingGnnonballin.ap 2ap Independence
CRA5Adesightinggun in6p 2AD Napoleonics
COSSACK
HORSEARTII.I.ERY
IN GREATCOATSAND SeminoleWar U.SA. 6gents,
WATERPROOF
SHAKO's US-Mexican Wa. u|snlnPomstn
CRA6 Offi.erarm€ised 3op AmericanCivilWar
CRAT Mewith portfire 28p Bor I tat
cRAs Mewithramrod 28p PlainsWars drrfipiirn
CRA9 Pvteholdingcannonball
CRA1oF^esightinggun
28p MaximillianExpedition .61820
28p
ItalianWarsof
Aleoavailable:
Ancients,
vikings,PonyWaR.coton,at, Independence
Austro-PrussianWar
sendtaryesae+ 30pin nampsforsampletootfigureand fult tists. Franco-PrussianWar
PonageUK&BFPO
12%%ofod€r. WORLDWIDE MAILOROEBSERVICE
S.A.E.tot ILLUSTRAfED
LlStS.
UKOde6 over!20 poit fie FREIKORPS 15, 25 PrincetownRoad, Bango.,
Co. Oown BT20 3TA. Noithern lreland.

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 CLASSIFIEDADVERTISEMENTS
Adi should b€ acconp€nied by a chequen.de payabteto Strltasm
DENIAN MODETS
1:3000SCAI,EiIODERNWARSHIPS
PublicationsLtd., 18 bvers Lane, Ne$dk, Noiis. NG24rHZ. Ou. .dg€ ol modemeaBhips nctud€srhe iotowng:
Reie: l5p per word. Minimun cha.ge J2.00 ado lS% VAT
JA ! !arrd.. ,Oo JA 5 harsuyri. .... .. 4op
JA 2 ]a(hlte .... .... 40p JA 6 ohndn.
JA 1 Taka6-k' - 40p JA 7 Halarde.. ... .,0p
FOR SALE JA 4 A d a b u k a z.e. . . . . . . . . . . 4 0 p J A 1 3C h k u g o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 O b
25 LAMMING REPUBLICANROMANS- 1100,creeks - DENIANMODELS.25 SCHOOLSINEET.
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Greeksplus25mmAncientIndian.For conplerelistswite U,S,A, & CANAOA DISTB|aL'TOR
with LARGE SAE or ring for appointment:0689 SIMTAClNC.,t0. Alawan Rd. N anlic,CI 06357.USA.
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DUE TO MOVE I have sone Dioramasfor sale. Ideal for
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T\i, Ffi shouk *e h? pl€d o ee 5d rtrel or or ,onpp-6@
figure gaming.Send SAE for further detailsto: Mr A.R.
Orbison,46ClaverleyCourt,VicarageProspecr. Dudley,DYI orM rin requad.6;t@ sAE + If{c x 5
2AX ForLisllN10landsample,
sendStampdSAE& 19pstamp
"IIADRIANS WALL" BATTLESETCOLLECTION.(Airfit
Esci)with Fort - Scene- Figures-€60. Orherperiodsavailable,
A.W.L - Modern!Sorry- no listslPleasevisil or phone:0271 WARGAMING
& MILITARY
IT,IOOELLING
'7'7751
zpm-spmor 7pm-9pm.A. Peddle."Sunnynead",Nr
Fairview,BrauntonRoad,Barnstaple,N Devon, EX31 Uy.
POLISII & RUSSIAN15nm NAPOLEONICS-f40. Alexan- MACISMODEIS
drian Early Successors15mm 120.Freikoms7YW l5mn
!15. All thre€togethcr- f65. Phone:(0948)408'4.
Srocl -r) o' Miniligs, Essex,Freiko/ps,RAFtvt,
W a r g a m e sF o L r d r y .F / o n tR a n k ,h o r ; p i r ' ,M L B ,
30,000+ SECONDHAND WARGAMESFIGURESalwarsin A c r o o o l i sD e s i g nD
, e n i z e nC. , r a o € 1V,a r a u d e r .
<ock All \cales.Vo.l manutdcrureF. sAE to! trnr lo:'A.l H o v e r sE. a n l e g r o u n dF.a . t a s yF o r s e .C r o m w e t t ,
Dumelow. 70FerrySt.. Staperhill.
Burtonon-Trenl.Stafh.DE15 B o c oM r i d t u r e a& T M . c d n e s r o r ; - " o l t / " t e w .
gEY. TeL (0283)30556.
I'€ CANONGATE
iOYAL MILE
CHtrAPMILITARY BOOKS!Allperiods.altunder!10. SAE EDINBUiGH
to MLP', I Tate Crescent.BurgessHilt, Sussex.RH15 STE. r.r (orD rrr 5r5| EHslDt
AIRFIX SOLDIERS,boardgames, books.unmadeplastickits
rnd maga/inc,boughrrnd sold. Lr.r 50p. Shopopen b) TIMPO PLASTICACTIONPACK Waterloocavalry:French.
appoin(menr. V.D. Rotting.t7 Sh'es\buryt-ietd,.Sh,tnai. Prus"ran. Brilish.and FrenchIntanrry.Srmmonds, q Beech-
Shropshire.Teli 0952460587. mountAvenue.LondonW7 3AE. 01 5780589.
NAPOLEONIC,20mmAirfix/Esci,2100infantrv.190cavalrv. lsmm AXMIES PURHCASED.Paintedand unpainted.Send
40 eun":lrench.Brilr.h.Pru*ian,Ausriian.iu\idn " i0 S.S.A.E.with sampleto 17CetusCrescent, LeightonBuzzard,
o.n.o. Telephone:Dave (031)3324618. Beds..LU7 8NL.
WARGAMFS CLUB and/or 15mm opponenrsplus 25rnm
WANTED Warhammer40,000in Barnstaplearea. phone cary 0271
CASHPAID for copiesDuffy s "Russia'sMilitary Way ro the 8178074.
West" and Savouryt "His Britannic Majesty's Army in PAINTED
WARGAMFSFIGURES,25mm, 15mm,%m.Micro-
Gennany".Senddetailsto: John Morgan,9 LismoreDrive. armour,Fanrasy 8590after6 pm.
€tc.Tel: Alex 01-520
Darlington.DL1 3PU.
URGENTLY WAi{TED. NAPOLDOMC 15nn UNPAINTtrD
Any paintedlsmm NAPOLEONICARMIES AND BOOKS. MINIIGS Ar\'D BATILE HONOURS.NapoleonicBooks. No
Secondhandand reasonableprices. Details: c. Elliott,36 quantitytoo larg€ or strtal. Sendlists to: 192 York Road,
LaurelhillPlace,Stirling.FK8 2JJ. Harlescott. Shrewsbury, Shropshire.
BESTPRICESPAIDfor Wargames Figurespost3000B.C.with 20l25mmPROHIBITION/GANGSTER figuresby Citadel(dis-
or without own battledress.Conract:Trains & Thinss. 170 continuedrange),crenadierand Ral Parrha.Also canasterj'
Chorle]\ew Road.Horwrch,Nea' Bohon,BL6 5QW. role-pla)ing gameby Fanra,yCrme, LntrmrredSendderaits
to:DxncanRogels,26willow Road,solihull,wesr Midlands, (page46). send for terms ro: D. Mill, A€hscrabster
Farm,
BS1lltF. Weatfietd,Thurso,Caithness,KWt4 7eN, Scottand.

OPPONENTSWANTED MOONDUSTPAINTINGSERVICE.Sti threecostingoptions

ANNANAREA. Anyoneplayingwargames15mmNapoteonic but now five gradesof finish. MAIL ORDER SERtICE.
or other peiod? Regular gameswanted. Jack Squires Carriage22pU.K.,55p Europe& worldsurfaceiffespective of
Cummefrees(04617)355. ordersize for deraihsendSAE or tRC ro la Crt;,n Road.
NewronAlchffe.DurhamDI5 5Ee. or phone032sJt0315.
SERVICES MASTERPIECE FIGIJ'RE PAINTING StrRttCES. A new
HARRISONS- MODEL BUILDINGS & TERRAIN made to dimensionin excellence/any scale/any
periodincludingscience
your requirements.Also all scalesfigure painting service. fiction and fantasyto requiredcolourscheme/three gradesof
Contact:36 HastingsAvenue,tUargate,feni Cn -SC. ret: painting/enmasse/regularand masterpiecesendfl for sarnpte
ou3 227292. andcatalogue: C. Ha(land,25 Oakstade Drive. Solihull.W;st
Mids., B92 9QG.
CONTRACTCASTING.A compteteserviceis offered. THE COMPLETE PAI]{TING SERVICE has moved to 14
We will castfrom lmm ro 110mmor larger.Competitive CambddgeStreet, Bradford, Wesr Yorks, BD7 3BX. For
rates offered. Contact John Creei. ttre Orum. sanpleand detailssend50p& SAE.
Tel 032'7359216. ART OF WAR Producesquality painred amies for the
discerningwargamer.Competirivepices (andwe dont keep
PROFESSIONAL FIGIIRE DtrSIGNING,in 15,20. 25, 54nm youwarting forweekson endl).LargerangeInsrockorpainr t;
and larger SAE to WESTWORLD, 42 Barconbe Heishts. o'der.SAF. N.C.Mullis.5 CitsonWdy.
Krngshursr.Blrming-
Pargnron.Devon. TQI tPT. Tet. 0803 5s4J48. rsn; a hamBl7 6BG t0217703045)
sDecialitv.
MIKES MASTERS offers a figure painling service for rhe
wargamer 5nm,20mm,qualiryandperfection,.theyhaveto be
seentobebelieved'for furtherdetailsandsamplefiguresendtl
to: 10Northumberland Crescent,Southend-on-Se;,EssexSS1
zXA.
AGE OF SAIL MINIATURES.Triton & other vessekassern-
bled,painted& riggedat reasonable
prices.ContactJohnLajns WARGAMES FICURf,S PAINTED io
al PorrageMiniature'.70HdrcourlSlreet.\c\rrk. l\otr\. SendSAE or two lRCs for price lisr ro: D. Seagrove,
Th€ t^l
-Berklhire,
Detail. Ia6 Padaunt Road: Langte]. Srough. SLI
PAINTING SERVICES 8AZ.
PROFFSSIONALWARGAMES PAINTING SERVICE. Send
TIIE S${DERLAND ARMOURY.Finequatilyfigurepainling
SAE fordetailsori2.00 forsampleanddetailsto: S. Lowe, t2
lortbe disceming.To lecurepricelisrandlampiessend
r*o 6rsr
HawthorneAvenue,Horuich. Bohon, BL6 6JD.
classstampsandI1.95 payableto: J.S.Huitson,6Sunnvbrow.
WAXPAINT ProfessionalPainring Service. All scalesat Sunderland, SR-llDG.
competitivepricesto collecror's
standards.
SAE forsampleand BUGLE& MUSKETPamnngService.VeO highsrandardot
price list to: Mr D- Stringfellow,106 WoodlandsRoad,
work. All sizesandperiods.For sanple\endll 50srarin8si?e
Haresfincb.St Helens,Mers€yside, WA11 9AG. and penod requiremenrLo: Bugle & Musker, t48 Va ev
Crescent.Wrenrhorpe.Wakefield.WF2 0ND, yorkshire.
G.J.M.FIGURINES
WargamesFigurespainredto co edorc srandard. BOOK SERVICES
5mmro 30mh.5mm sahprel@ewilh SAEor 5 tBCs
SECON'DHAND/ANTIQUARIAN MILITARY BOOKSinclud-
F o r s a m p e1 s m mf i g u r ea n d s i s s e n d f l . 9 5 o r E 2 . 3 0
for 25mmsampe tigur€payableloGe.ardCronn, ingmanyoutofprint Ospreys.S.s.a.e.for lists.StephenShann.
24ChelsfiedMews,St.ntonC ose,Orpinglon,
Srreel.Wakefield.W. yorksh're,$T2 0DU.
I Silcoates
5nhaspeciailv. Tel€phone:0639201i5(24hrl MILITARY MATTERS: Mail order secondhandmilirarv books
andinlormationservice.Run by mitilaryhisroriansfor;itilary
HIGH QUALITYPAINTINGSERVICE.Allwork undenaken. enthusiast!.Compareour price!: Book Search,S.a.e. Ior
Seepassed offMiniatureWargamesAprilandMay for standard caralogue. 48 Lye Cop5eAvenue.Farnborough, Hanrs.cU I4
of work. All figurespainted by craham Green and Kevin 8DX or Tel: 0252514227.
Dallimore. For details send s.a.e. to: Sp€cialForces, t0
LudwickMews,NewCross,London.SEl4NFor rins (01)692 MILITARYBOOKSboughtandsold.SAE for caralogue. Mike
Smi(h.CheliferBooks.Todd Close,Cunhwaite,Cadisle,CA?
8587. 8BE.Te| 0228711188.
PRECISIONPAINTS,qualityl5/25mmpaintingservice.Send
fl in s.a.e.for sampleanddetails(refundable on firstorder).S. CLUBS& SOCIETIES
Beasley,5PeverellsRoad,Wimbish,SaffronWalden.Essex. ATTENTION
all Patriotic Cirizensof Wales. The Alti€d
CBlO 2YL. Regimenls.AmericanRevolutionSocietyare now recruilins
OFrICERS MESS PAINTING SERVICE. AII sizes.frorn goodmcn lor Ihe illuslriou.24lhFool. For rho.esuooonersoI
l5mmlo l10mm.andall periods €onsidered.Sends.a.e.plus rhe 'eb€llionrhen rauy ro lhe orh Virsinian.Co;racr:C.
!1.50 for sampleand price list to: L Burton, 6 KendalDrive. Bignell.i49 BraunronCrercenr.Ltanrumney, Ca,dift.Tet:
Leeds,LS150BS. 1222788044.
REGIMENTAL COLOURS PAINTING SERVICE. CHELTENHAMWARGAMING ASSOCIATIONnow meets
Napoleonic15mmand25mmfigures,alsolargerscalespainted everyotherMondayevening7 till 11at St MarksCommunity
toorder.Forexampleofwork see_Wargames
Illusrrated..
No.9 Centre,BrooklynRoad.Ring Chrison Cheltenham514545.
58

1989.at the CornbowHall. Halesowen.betweenlOam and

flARruGfiE 4.Jopm.Trade \rdnd\. Di\play and Parliciparion games.
WARaAtvtERt
CtW Refreshments andPrizeQuizwill feature.Furtherdetailsfrom
Keith westwoodon 021-5611364or AshleyHewitt on 0384

EwfileeEJ
THEIIORTHERN
WARGAMERS
CO}{VEMION
61389.orby postto 72,SevernRoad,Halesowen.
863 2NL.

l6lh& lTth SEIT. | 989.COLOURS

W. Midlands.

69'.Thefinestwargames
and miliran modellingexhibition.10.10am,5.30pm at the Hex-
OLDSWANHOTEL agor,Reading. Will incorporate
sucha regularsuccess a massive
all the arractionswhichmakeit
lradefair (rhebiggeslin the
HARROGATE oPen country),demonsrration games(applications welcome).
indooB aod outdooAby historicaluniformand reenadment
displays

on to30
societies.
paintingandmodelling
buysrallaad inrernarionat
comperitions.
openwargames
bumperbrinSand
championship. Com-
Sundoy13August
tos petitiodperiodsincludeiAncienrs(Societyof AncienrsShield):
DarkAgesiwessexDarl AgesSocietyShi;ld): Renaissance (pike
and ShorSocie$Shield):Napolednic(Napoleonic Associarion
Shield):l9th Cen$ry(Corfederare Hisrorical Sociery
Shield)and
\ orldWarII (Newbury Rule'Shreld, furrherderdrts
tromDavrd
Tomkins.MallardHouse.ChurchStreet,crear Shefford(Tel:

'Tj#W
ffit!,.ffi-wffi:.
GreatShefford8895)and GrahamHyland.15 CromwellRoad.
Sbaw.Newbury(Tel:Newbury.16627).
SKIRMISH"E9" our ANNUALCONVENTION/OPEN
beingheld on Saturday301hof September1989at the Bridge
Centre, Chippenhamfrom 10amto 6pm. all are welcome,
especiallym€mb€rsofother clubsandanyoneinterested
hobby. A nominalchargeof 50p will be nade al lhe door.
DAY is

in th€

Featuredis our Conpetition which consistsof five periods:

PrGsicContoct.JREfrvuYina 6ttcge.
Itlain Strec].Woltonfletffiy L9237DJ
tal O9Cf 842313
Ofd Srrun Hotef, Srvon Rood.lf orrogote
AncientsWRG Book l. WRG Book2, MedievalWRG Book3,
R€nnaissance WRG. Napoleonics NewburyFastPlay.There
will alsobe tradesiands.Particpation Camesby our andother
clubs.Model PainlingCompetition(no entry fees).Hot and
coid food and beveragesat very reasonableprices. Any
enquiriespleasewrite to The Secretary,ChippenhamWar-
gamesGroup, 137 London Road, Chippenham,Wiltshire,
SNl5 3AN or Telephone (0249)651610.

SOUTH EAST LONDON WARGAMES GROUP ODen Dav

FORTHCOMING EVENTS SELWG89.Sunday 22ndOcrober1q89.l0.tl0am - 5.J0pm.
LewishamLeisureCenrre.Lewisham, London,SEI3 7Ep.
TO THtr REDOUBT89will be a onedayeventthisyearandwill SELWG are at Lewishamagain rhis year, with over 20
beheldonSunday,l6thJuly.Furth€rioformation:lan Payne,I wargames demonstrations, a paintingcompetirion of morethan
WillowCoun,WalnurWalk.Polegate. EastSussex BN265AE. 20classes,30ofthe hobby\ leadingrradels,plus,of course,our
famousBdngandBuy. The Centreoffersa cafeteriaproviding
MIDLAND MILITARE 198929th/30thJuly. ExhibitiooHall.
cookedmealsat very reasonablepricesplus an alt day bar.
CentralLibrary, Birmingharn.R€inadmentGroups,Demon Thereis a largefree mulii-storeycar park. For furtherdetails
strationwargames.ParticipationGames.1250Prizemoney.
andinformationpleasesenda largeSAE to: Paulcreenwood,
Twicethe areaus€dlastyear.west MidlandRegionalFinalsof
16 WestHallowes.Eltham.London.SE94EX-
theNationalwargamesChampionships- Morerade stands,bar
and refreshments.bring and buy ltall. walking distancefrom NORTHERN MILITAIRE Saturday& Sunday4th & 5th
New Streetstation.Enquiries:021,15824921451 1058. November.1989.PembrokeHalts, High Street, Watkd€n,
Worsley.Saturday:l0.30am 5.00pm.Sunday:l0.00am-
HARROGATf,WARGAMIiSCLUB will be srasidsrheirelent
SABRE89un sundJrll h Aulu\rlas'rar rhedld's$rn Horel. 4.30pm. Good car parking facilities.Bar. Restaurantetc.
SwanRoad.offRiponRoad.Ha(ogatc.Doorsopenar l0.30am- Re-enactment.Trade Srands,cames in progress.painting
Endal4.30pm.Barandsnack/buffet areavailable.Thereis ample competition.Tradeenquiriesro: J. Hinchliffe.l2 LowerWesr
car parkinSspace.For Trudedetails.onract:J. Elwcn. Vinc Houses,Moorboirom.Honley,Huddersfi€ld.HD7 2JB. Tel:
Co(age-Main Srreet.wallon. Nr. Wetherby.WesrYorlshire. 0484665782(evenings only).
Ls237DJ.Tel: BosrooSpa(0937)li{2:ll3 (EvedinSs).
WARFARE 89 is moving to Rivermeadkisur€ Cenrre,
'BROADSWORD' 89 - Sunday 27th August 1989. Loughton Richfield Avenue, Reading.
The dates are 10th and th
Stdke For€ewill be holdingtheir 6th annualconventionat November1989.More facilities,moreroomand moresdmes.
LoughtonHall, RectoryLane,Loughton,Essex.Therewill be BOOK NOw. Ring Colin: 0734479863.
participa.iorl/demonstration
games,tradestandsanda painting
conpetition. LicensedBar and refreshments also available. MODELS.WARGAMESAND BOARDGAMESat Th€ Cor-
Admission70p for adultsand 35p for under 16's-For further poration Hall. Prince Regent Street. Stockton,on-Tees on
informationcontact:L. Renetzke on 01-509 2669. Saturday 2nd December 1989. 1Oam-.t.30pm. Admission:
Aduks 60p.Children& OAPS 30p.All proceeds in aidof the
WARFAYRE '89. Stourbridgeand District Wargamerswill disabledpersonschariry- Mobility International- Cleveland
holdtbeirannualshow. warfryre . on Salurday9thScptembcr Group-
When replying l,o adverts please mention Wargames lllustrated.
 4a PARKYNBOAD,
"1orrtlrun
W"rgornn, DAYBROOK,
ARNOLD,
FOR ACCESSIMAS f ERCARD/BARCUYCAFDN ISA
P o-e 0o0 o0 b dr"o, rdcp,d^ dd.oo ,o. .ro
NOTTINGHAMNGs6BG

NEW TFfEFRENCHREVOLUTTON
(1789-1802)T":::.:,'::
FRENCHINFANTRY IN Stockist at the
CRESTEDHEL]\'ETS
leadingshows
RV53 Ofiicer.advancinosword in hand
RV5-4 Otlicer swod in i'and am €6ed "REDOUBTENTERPRISES"
FV57 lnfanlrvmanar ahenlon NEWFRENCH STOCKIST:
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FOBFURTHER NEWRELEASES
SEEOURAD
IN THISMONTH'S
WARGAMES
WORLD!

aoe ni'r used -irl

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WEST GEFMANY STOCK]ST BELG UM STOCKST

Se.try Box wesr Hobb es
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