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39 2 m m: from fif i ci aI % ou rt e s .

BY R O BE R T F R E KE G O UL D , BA R R I S T E R -
A T - LA W ,

PA S T S E N I O R GR A N D D E A C ON OF E N GL A N D ;
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A t /t or of Ola L o dg e s ,
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n Tb e F ou r Th e A lilo /l L o dg e s , E tc .

V O L UM E V I .

LO N D ON :

T H OM A S C .
JA
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C K, 4 5 L U D G A T E H I LL .

1 8 8 7 .
 C ON TE N TS .

CH A PT E R PA C E

XXVI I I . F RE E M AS ON RY IN S OUT HE R N E UR O E — A US TR A A N D H UN GAR

P I Y— S WITZ E R LAN D
— I TALY— P ORTUGA L— S PAI N — G R E E CE — TUR KE Y— R OUM AN I A— M ALTA ,

XX I X F R E E MA S ONRY
. IN A S IA A F R I CA WE S T I NDI E s ME X ICO C E N TRA L
A M E R I CA — S OUTH A M E R I CA — A US TRA L A S I A— OC E AN IA ,

XXX S E A . A ND F I E L D LODGE S ,

XXXI . F R E E M A S ON RY IN TH E UN ITE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA ,

XXX I I . TH E D OM I N I ON OF CAN ADA ,

A ND N E WF OUN DLAN D,

X XX I I I L E NV OI
’
.
,

A PPE N D I X,

GE N E RA L I N DE X,

1 . Ch art of I t ali an Gran d Lo dge s ,

2 . Chart of P ort u g u e se an d S p an ish G ran d Lo dg e s ,

LIS T OF I L L U S TR A T I ON S .

C olon e l S ir A R C H I BALD C C A M PBE LL B aro n e t G ran d M as t e r M as on

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TH OM A S F R E D E R I CK H A L S E Y, E sq .
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Pro v in c i al Gran d M as t e r , H e rt fo rdshi re ,

G e n e ral J . S . B R OWN R IG G , C B,. . Pro vi n c i al G ran d M ast e r S urre y , ,

D .
M URR AY LYON , E sq .
, G ran d S e c re t ary ,
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D A N I E L S PR Y, E sq .
, M . W G ran d Mast e r G ran d Lo dge
.
, of C an ada ,

Plat e of S e als , N o 1 .
,

Plat e of S e als , N 0 I I .
 N A TI ON A L G R A N D L OD GE OF A L L GE R M A N F R E E M A S ON S . 2 51

I V THE N ATI ON AL
. G RAN D L ODGE OF ALL G E RMAN F R E E M AS ONS AT B E R LI N .
1

The b v e t it le Of t his Gr
a o an d L o dg e is n o t n o w an d n e v e r w as j us t i fi e d I t is a b are face d .

usurp at i on The Lodg e n e v e r h as b e e n n at i on al i n t he w ay cl aim e d as e mbrac in g all G e rm an y

.
, ,

an d e v e n at i t s birt h w as n o t so i n t h e m ore re s t ri ct e d s e n s e as applyi n g t o P russi a w h e re ,

t he N at i o n al G ran d Mo t h e r L o dge o f t h e Th re e Glo b e s alre ady e xis t e d Th at i t assum e d u n t il .

qui t e re ce n t ly t o be t he on ly l e g al G ran d L o dge i n G e rm an y t h at i t t o t his d ay p o s e s as ,

i n fallible t h e on ly t ru e e xp on e n t o f F re e m as o n ry w i t h t he s ol e e x ce p t i on o f S we d e n is h ow
, , ,

e v e r on ly i n p e rfe ct k e e pi n g w i t h t h e imp e ri o us t e mp e r o f i t s fo u n d e r
, F ro m i t s in ce p t i on t he .

L od ge has b e e n di ct at ori al an d oppre ssiv e t o wards i t s o w n d augh t e rs ; s corn ful an d e v e n

imp e rt i n e n t t ow ards i t s e qu als ; b o ast ful of i t s o wn sup e ri or ligh t ye t p e rsist e n t ly sh roudin g ,

i t s e lf i n d arkn e ss ; fo u n d e d by a vi olat i on o f all m as o n i c le g ali t y ye t a s t i ckle r for l e gal ,

forms w h e n t h e y sui t i t s o w n c on ve n i e n ce ; re v o lu t io n ary at i t s birt h an d e v e r sin ce m o s t ,

rigidly c o n s e rvat iv e N e ve rt h e l e ss t his Gran d L o dge is t he s e c on d l arg e s t i n G e rm an y an d

.
,

has p ro du ce d M as on s o f t he high e s t c ul t ure w h o s e v e ry n am e s must al w ays re m ai n an h o n o ur ,

t o t he F rat e rni t y ; Z i n n e n d orff an d hi s imm e di at e fri e n ds an d su cce ss ors k n e w t h e i r o wn

min ds at a t ime wh e n t h e i r G e rm an bre t h re n w e re v acillat i n g b e t w e e n Cle rm on t d e g re e s ,

S t rict Obs e rvan c e R it e s R o si cru ci an ism e t hoe g en u s omn e an d so k n o wi n g carri e d o u t t h e i r

, , , ,

v i e w s as t u t e ly ru t hl e ssly an d p e rsis t e n t ly— wi t h t h e su cc e ss t h at usu ally at t e n ds al

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l w e ll
di re ct e d e ffo rt s N o Offi c i al his t ory o f t hi s G ran d Lo dg e h as e v e r b e e n publish e d ; i t s
.

p art isan s sp e ak wit h awe Of i t s an c i e n t d ocum e n t s an d hid e t h e m fro m t he gaz e of t he ,

s t ud e n t Like h o ly re li c s t h e y are only acc e ssibl e t o d e vou t b e li e v e rs ; n ay e v e n a compl e t e

.
,

b ook o f C on s t i t u t i on s has n e v e r b e e n pl ace d w i t hin re ach of t he publi c ; an d Worship ful

M as t e rs i n ord e r t o g o v e rn t h e ir L o dge s h av e b e e n c on st rain e d t o g at h e r t og e t h e r t he
, ,

d e cision s p ron o u n ce d at vario us t im e s by t he Gran d L o dg e e ach t hus formin g for himse lf a ,

sp e ci e s of di ge s t of t he comm on law as s e t t le d by d e c id e d cas e s S u ch a colle ct i on has b e e n .

m ade i n Vol x xvi of t he L at omi a an d w ill be us e d by m e ; my o t h e r fact s I h av e had t o

. .
“
,

c o ll e ct fro m div e rs s o u rce s b u t m an y gaps s t ill re m ai n t o b e fill e d up , .

The e arly an n als o f t his G ran d L o dge are i n diss o lubly con n e ct e d wi t h Zi n n e n d orff on e o f ,

t he m o s t re m ark abl e an d p e rh aps u n scru pu lo ris M as on s o f w h o m w e h av e an y re cord .

E lle n b e rg e r was his p at ron ymi c an d he w as b orn A ugus t 1 1 1 7 3 1 at H all e ; bu t b e i n g , , , ,

ad o p t e d by his m o t h e r s b ro t h e r t o o k his u n c l e s n am e o f Zi n n e n d orff H e foll o w e d t he

’ ’
.
,

m e dical p rofe ssi on an d ro se t o b e t he c hi e f o f t h at d e p art m e n t i n t h e P russi an army

“

, ,

re t iri n g i n 1 77 9 H i s in i t i at i on t ook pl ace at H alle M arch 1 3 1 7 57

. Wh e n h e j oin e d a , ,
.

B e rli n Lodg e or e v e n whi ch Lo dge i t was are alik e un k n own ; bu t h e was on e o f t he e arly
, ,

m e mb e rs o f t he B e rli n Chap te r of J e rus ale m We h av e alre ady s e e n h ow S chub art t he .

,

D e put y G M of t he Thre e Glo b e s w as in N o v e mb e r 1 7 63 won o v e r by Vo n H u n d

“
.
,

’
S chu b art s fi rs t s t e p was t o d e sp at ch a l e t t e r i n Vo n H un d s in t e re st t o t h e Th re e Gl ob e s
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w hi ch w as t o b e o p e n e d i n t he p re s e n ce o f 2 4 b re t hre n w ho w e re sp e c ifi e d On i t s arriv al
'

,
.
,

Zin n e n d orff an d t h re e o t h e rs b e in g w it h Von P ri n t z e n t he G M Z i n n e n d orff p e rsu ad e d , . .

,

1 The lit l t e ra ransl t i f t h G rm t i t l is G d L dg f t h C t y I t h

a on o e e an e ran o e o e ou n r . j
e re fo re re e ct as a b b ism
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t he acce p t d d sig
e e na ti G d C t i s L dg
on
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ph s whi h p l i ms i t h
ran ou n r e o e -a ra e c ro c a e e r a c on t e m pt f o r, or an ig n o ran ce

of, t he st ru ct ure o f b th th G m
o d E glish t g s ; i t is
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an and i t is n on ue no n , an n ot Ge rman , b e ca u e s L d an cs

is n ot t he pl u ral o f L d whi h w u ld b Lomd

an , b t i t g i t iv si g l
c o e e r, u s en e n u ar .

VOL . III . 2 K
2 52 N A TI ON A L GR A N D L OD GE OF A L L GE R M A N F R E E M A S ON S .

t he m t o p t he l e t t e r t h e n an d t h e re an d t o e x t e n u at e t h e i r faul t as an e x ce ss Of z e al
O en , .

S ch u b art b e i n g ask e d fo r m ore ligh t i n sis t e d up on t he l e t t e r b e i n g sh o wn t o t he o t h e rs an d

“
, ,

as a re sul t Zi n n e n d orff an d K rug e r w e re s e l e c t e d t o visi t Von H u n d Prob ably fro m s e lfish .

m ot iv e s t h e fo rm e r of t h e s e e miss ari e s app e are d al o n e sayi n g t h at t he l at t e r was ill bu t

, , ,

t his w as aft e rw ards d e n i e d by K rii ge r who ul t i m at e ly arriv e d o n t h e s ce n e Zi n n e n d orff

, .

sig n e d t he act o f S t ri ct Obse rv an ce (or Un qu e s t i o n i n g Ob e di e n ce ) A ugus t 2 4 1 7 64 w as , , ,

k n igh t e d by Vo n H u n d Oct ob e r 3 0 an d m ad e Pre fe ct o f Te mpli n i e B e rli n o n t h e 6t h, , . .

, , .

I n Jun e 1 7 65 Z i n n e n d orff w as e l e ct e d G M o f t h e Th re e Gl o b e s p o ssibly b e caus e t he .

,

Lo dg e w as ah e ad y t e n di n g t owards t he S t ri ct Obs e rv an c e syt e m o f whi ch he w as t he re sid e n t

'

chi e f i n B e rli n S carce ly w as h e i n s t all e d b e fore compl ai n t s aro s e o f his arbit rary pro
.

ce e d i n gs an d h augh t y in d e p e n d e n ce n o t on ly fro m his M as on i c b u t als o fro m his Te mpl ar, ,

s u bj e ct s Alm o st his first act was t o d e sp at ch his fri e n d B aum an n t o S t o ckh o lm i n ord e r t o
.

Ob t ai n i n form at i on t h e re re sp e ct i n g t h e S w e dish ri t e The re quisi t e fu n ds w e re t ak e n fro m .

t he t re asury Of t h e Th re e Gl ob e s t h ough t he L o dge was n ot co n sult e d e i t h e r w i t h re gard t o

,

t he missio n o r t he app ro p ri at io n o f i t s m o n e y— an d wo rs t o f all Z i n n e n d orff k e pt fo r his , ,

o wn u se t he i n form at i o n so ac qui re d at a co s t t o t h e L o dge for t rav e llin g e xp e n s e s o f ,

1 1 00 t h al e rs B aum an n Ob t ai n e d fro m D r E ck le ff n ot o n ly t h e ri t u als o f t h e S we dish H igh

.

D e g re e s bu t a w arran t o f con s t it ut i on ; an d F i n d e l s t at e s t h at t he l at t e r w as 2 2 0 du cat s i n

,

p ock e t by t h e t ran s act i on 1 I t is a s om e wh at imp ort an t p oi n t t o d e cid e w h e t h e r E ckle ff 2 w as

.

at t his t im e G M o f t he Gran d L o dg e o f S w e d e n o r m e re ly as t h e S we dish G ran d L o dg e

.
, ,

subse qu e n t ly affi rm e d t h e H e ad M as t e r Of t he S cot s Ch ap t e r at S t ockh olm We h av e alre ady

,
-
.

s e e n t h at t he Gran d Lo dg e o f S w e d e n was form e d i n 1 7 59 an d t h at on D e c e mb e r 7 , ,

1 7 62 t h e Ki n g assum e d t h e P ro t e ct orat e so t h at t h e p ro b abilit y is t h at he was virt u ally i t s

, ,

GM . Bu t e v e n i f E ck le ff w e re at t he t im e G M i t is obvi o us t h at i f he ac t e d i n t he
. . .
,

m at t e r wi t h o u t t he k n owle dg e o f Gran d L o dg e t he s t e p w as e qu ally u lt ra t i res B ot h t h e s e , .

gro un ds w e re alle ge d wh e n i n 1 7 7 7 S w e d e n re pudi at e d Zi n n e n d orff ; bu t o n t he o t h e r h an d i t

, , ,

sh o uld b e m e n t ion e d t h at as lat e as 1 7 7 6 t h e S we dish aut h orit i e s w e re i n cl o s e an d frat e rn al ,

corre sp o n d e n c e w i t h him an d t h e s e in t im at e re l at i on s mus t b e h e ld t o h av e c on d on e d an

, y
i rre gul ari t ie s i n t he i n it i al s t ag e s .

I n 1 7 66 t he B e rli n Te mpl ars co mpl ain e d s t ron gly o f t he imp o ssibili t y o f Ob t ai n in g an y

fi n an ci al st at e m e n t s fro m Zi n n e n d orff bu t Kru g e r w h o w as s e n t by t h e m on a missi on t o V on
, ,

H u n d advis e d t h e Pro v G M t o t re at him d e li cat e ly b e caus e he might b e co m e d an ge ro us an d

,
. .
,

cre at e s can d al— an o t h e r t e s t im on y t o t he c h arac t e r o f t he m an .

I n Jun e 1 7 66 Zi n n e n d orff was n o t re e l e ct e d G M o f t h e Th re e Gl o b e s bu t o f co u rs e - .

,

re t ai n e d hi s Offi ce as P re fe ct o f Te mpli n ( whi ch w as n o t e l e ct iv e ) an d o n A ugus t 9 t he Th re e ,

Glo b e s form ally j o in e d V on H u n d s sys t e m The fi n an ci al dispu t e be t w e e n Zi n n e n d orff an d

’
.

t he Thre e Gl ob e s n o w assum e d a t h re at e n i n g asp e ct so S chub art an d B o d e we re d e put e d t o ,

arran g e m at t e rs i n July 1 7 66 Zi n n e n d orff b e in g calle d t o acco u n t m ade up a s t at e m e n t o n

.
,

t he spu r o f t h e m om e n t sh o wi n g t h at e v e n admi t t i n g for argum e n t s s ak e t he d e b t o f 1 1 00

’

, ,

t h al e rs t h e re s t ill re m ai ne d 8 00 t h al e rs o wi n g t o him
,
I n t he i n t e re s t s o f p e ace an d qui e t n e ss .

i t w as at l e n gt h d e cide d t o le t t he m at t e r d ro p o n b ot h sid e s On N ov e mb e r 1 6 1 7 66 .
, ,

1
F i d e l Ge scb d e r F re i m 4t h e dit p 41 9 F or t he p re ce di ng fact s con ce rn i n g Zi n n en d orff as we ll as for mu ch
n , . .
, . . ,

t h at fo ll ws
o , sce A llge m ei nes H a nd bu ch,
9
A nt e , p . 196 .
 N A TI ON A L G R A N D L OD GE OF A L L G E R M A N F R E E /l
/A S ON S . 2 53

Zin n e n d orff form al

le t t e r t o Von H u n d re n o u n c i n g t he S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce ; an d on
wrot e a

M ay 6 1 7 67 he re sign e d t h e Thre e Gl o b e s
, , By t he Th re e Gl ob e s h o w e v e r as w e ll as by .
“
, ,

t he P ro vi n c ial Ch ap t e r o f Vo n H un d a s e n t e n ce o f e xpulsi o n w as p ass e d up on him an d fro m , ,

t h at m o m e n t he b e cam e t h e bi t t e r an d co n fi rm e d e n e my o f t he S t ric t Obs e rv an ce sys t e m 1 .

I n 1 7 68 by virt u e of his i n h e re n t p o w e r i e as a S c ot s M as t e r Zi n n e n d orff e re ct e d

,
“
, . .
, ,

hi s fi rs t Lo dg e on t he S we dish sys t e m i n P o t sd am ; 2 o n A ugus t 1 0 1 7 69 his s e co n d t he Th re e , , ,

G olde n K e ys i n B e rli n —o f w hi ch h e b e cam e W M 3 an d — N o v e mb e r 3 1 7 69 —he i n st i t u t e d

, .
, ,

t he S cot s o r S t A n d re w s L o dge I n diss o lubl e i n B e rlin

’
H i s con v e rsi o n o f t w o c l an d e s t i n e .

S w e dish Lo dg e s at H ambu rg i n 1 7 7 0 t o his own ri t e h as al re ady b e e n n ot i c e d 4 i n fact su ch ,

w as his e n e rgy an d act iv i t y t h at b e fo re midsumm e r 1 7 7 0 he had al re ady 1 2 L odge s at w ork

, .

Th e n b e g an a s e ri e s o f at t e mp t s t o o b t ai n a p at e n t e n abli n g him t o e re ct a G ran d L o dg e .

H e fi rst o f all appli e d t o t he H igh Ch ap t e r at S t o ckh o lm b u t his re qu e st w as re fus e d o n ,

t h e gro u n d t h at S we d e n n e v e r con s t i t ut e d L o dge s ab road a s t at e m e n t t e n di n g t o i n v ali d at e ,

E ck le ff s p roce e din gs Un dau n t e d Zi n n e n d orff call e d his 1 2 L o dg e s t oge t h e r an d p rocl aim e d

’
.
,

5
t he
”
N at i on al G ran d L o dg e fo r all G e rm an F re e m as on s 5 A cco rdi n g t o hi s vi e w n on e bu t
‘
.

t h o s e o f his o wn rit e w e re e n t i t l e d t o b e call e d F re e m as on s an d l e as t o f all t he b re t h re n u n d e r

.
, ,

t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce I h av e b e e n u n abl e t o gl e an an y p art i cul ars o f t h e p rim ary org an is at i on

.

o f t his G ran d L o dg e b u t fro m subs e qu e n t fac t s I b e li e v e i t t o h av e b e e n

, (i n t h e ory) re pre
se n t at i v e an d t h at al, l M as t e rs (i n Offi ce ) w e re m e mb e rs A s t he e l e c t i o n o f t h e s e Mas t e rs .
,

h ow e ve r was i n v alid u n le ss appro v e d by t he G ran d L o dge t he syst e m o f re pre s e n t at i on was

, ,

d e fe ct iv e an d a sh am b e caus e t he G ran d L o dg e pract i cally b e cam e s e l f e l e ct iv e N o w

, .
,

al t h o ugh Zi n n e n d orff al ways p rofe ss e d t h e gre at e s t c on t e mp t fo r t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d

as b e i n g d e fi c i e n t i n t ru e k n o wl e dg e — an d p o ss e ssi n g t he sh e ll on ly o f w hi c h h e an d t h e ,

S w e dish M as on s h e ld t he k ern e l—ye t his advan ce s m e e t i n g w i t h n o e n co u rag e m e n t fro m

S w e d e n h e m ade appli cat i on t o L o n d on — M arch 2 9 1 7 7 1 — re qu e s t i n g re co g n it io n as a Gran d
, ,

Lo dge p artly on t he gro un d o f p o ss e ssi n g sup e rior d e gre e s an d p art ly fro m t he circums t an ce
, ,

o f his h o ldi n g a S we dish p at e n t The p e t i t i o n h o w e v e r fail e d t o e lic i t an y re sp o n s e 6

.
, ,

Up on t his foll o w e d t he con s t it u t i o n of a s e con d B e rli n L o dge Th e G o ld e n S hip an d t he ,

“
,

e l e ct i o n o f M art in K ron k e as G M wi t h Zi n n e n d orff as D e p G M . . . .

7
O Oc t o e
n b r 2 9 1 771 e h re n e w e d his r e,
qu e s t an d o n t his o
,
c c asi o n t o D e V g o e
i n ll s as Pro v , .

G M fo r fore ig n L odg e s Bu t D e Vign o lle s at l e as t un d e rs t o o d t he co urs e affairs had t ak e n an d

. . .
,

an s w e re d t h at h e co uld n ot e v e n ack n o w l e dg e him as a b ro t h e r u n t il he h ad p roo f t h at h e

w as re ce iv e d i n a l e gi t im at e L o dge Th e o n ly l e gi t im at e L o dge i n B e rlin was t h e R oy al “

.

Y ork ; t h e Th re e Gl o b e s h ad n e v e r b e e n w arran t e d by E n gl an d an d w as n o w a S t ri ct Obse rv ,

an c e L odge an d al l su ch w e re cl an d e s t in e
,
Th at b e y o n d t his i t w o uld be m o s t u n s e e mly .

8
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9
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2 54 N A TI ON A L GR A N D L OD GE OF A L L GE R M A N FRE E M A S ON S .

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 N A TI ON A L GR A N D L OD GE OF AL L GE R M A N F R E E M A S ON S . 2 55

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sp e ci al disp e n s at i on t o w ork i n G e rm an an d u se t h e ir o wn rit u al Le on hard i w as admi t t e d .

t o G ran d Lo dg e — F e b ru ary 7 1 7 8 1 — as t he re p re s e n t at iv e o f t he N at io n al G ran d L o dge an d

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t o Goge ls d e at h 8
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.

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as G M was C as t illon ; an d t h at t he d e at h o f t he fo u n d e r h ad n o t d e st roy e d t he spiri t

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t h at b o dy an d all i t s d augh t e r L o dg e s ille gi t imat e 7 This ac t i on w as app ro v e d i n Lo n d on an d .

,

Le o n h ard i fi n di n g his pre s e n ce n o l on g e r Of an y u se l e ft t h at c i t y— A p ril 9 1 7 8 7 — an d b e t o o k

, , ,

F i de l p 42 5
1 n ,
2 L at o m i a vol xxvi
. . 1 8 68 p 8 9 3 Ne t te lblad t Ge sch F re i S yn t e m e p 57 5
, . .
, , . .
, . .
, . .

5
Of . an t e , p . 228 ; an d A pp dix givi g G n d L dg
en , n ra o e M i nu t e s A p il 1 2
,
r ,
178 6 .

0 N e t t e lblad t , p . 57 5 .
7 F i n de l p , . 462 .
 N A TI ON A L G R A N D L OD GE OF A L L GE R M A N F R E E M A S ON S . 2 57

hims e lf t o S t P e t e rsb u rg 1 I n 1 7 8 8 — A p ril 2 3 — t h e Gran d L o dge o f E n gl an d app rise d t h e

.

B e rli n Lo d g e by l e t t e r o f t he abro g at i on Of t he t re at y an d — N ov e mb e r 2 6— t he G M co m ,
. .

m u n i cat e d t o t he G ran d L o dg e t h at he h ad act e d o n t h e re s o lu t i on o f A p ril 1 2 1 7 8 6 an d gav e , ,

hi s re as on s for so d o i n g ? Th e y are v e ry co ge n t an d sh o w m o re k n owl e dge t h an usu al o f ,

C on t in e n t al affairs bu t are t oo lon g fo r e v e n p art i al re pro du ct i on ; su ffi ce i t t o say t h at t he

, ,

Be rli n Lo dg e s al t h ough d e p riv e d o f all supre m acy con t i n u e d t o b e re co gn is e d by t h e G ran d

, ,

Lo dg e o f E n gl an d as l e git im at e Bu t i n spit e Of all diffi c ul t i e s t h e N at i on al G ran d Lo dge .

con t i n u e d t o p ro sp e r as b e fo re .

I n 1 7 8 9 — Ju n e 2 4 —t he N at i on al G ran d L o dg e b e cam e w e ari e d o f i t s is o l at e d p o si t i on i n

G e rm an y an d p ass e d a d e cre e w h e re by t h e le g alit y o f all L o dge s con s t i t u t e d by an y re c ogn is e d
,

au t h ori t y w as ack n o w l e dg e d an d m u t u al i n t e rcou rs e p e rmi t t e d e x c e pt i n g o f c o u rs e i n t he

, , , ,

cas e o f b re t h re n o f t he H e b re w fai t h This G ran d L o dge h as fro m t he fi rs t b e e n so i n t e n s e ly

3
.

Christ ian t h at t he J e w ish qu e st io n has n e v e r b e e n e v e n m oot e d an d i t is o n ly o f l at e y e ars ,

t h at yi e ldin g t o o u t sid e p re ssure J e w s are all o we d t o b e p re s e n t i n L odg e s as occasi on al

, ,

visi t ors .

C ast illon re sign e d Ju n e 2 4 1 7 9 0 an d was su cce e d e d as G M by C A von Be u le wi t z By , , . . . . .

t he R o y al E di ct Of Oct o b e r 2 0 1 7 9 8 t h e N at i o n al G ran d Lo dg e was i n clud e d as o n e o f t he , ,

t hre e G ran d L o dge s Of t h e Prussi an S t at e s an d i n 1 7 9 9 — J an u ary 1 4 Be u le w i t z die d wh e re ,

-
,

up on C as t illo n w as re e le ct e d G M F ro m 1 8 07 9 t he Gran d L odg e w as c lo s e d on acco un t

- . .
-

Of t he p re s e n ce o f t he F re n c h A rmy o f Occ up at i on I n 1 8 1 4 — Jan u ary 2 7 — t h e G M . . .

,

C ast illon di e d ; an d o n D e ce mb e r 2 7 e n sui n g t h e p re vi o us D e p G M J oachim F N e an d e r

, . . .
, .

vo n P e t e rsh e id e n w as e l e c t e d i n his s t e ad wh o w as fo ll o w e d i n t u rn
, ( 1 8 1 8 ) by J H 0 von , . . .

S chmid t .

Un d e r G M S chmid t t he qu arre l w i t h S we d e n w as m ad e up an d a con t ract Of mu t u al

‘

.
.
,
'

amit y an d supp ort sign e d A pril 6 On t his occasi on t h e G ran d L o dge o f S we de n

, ,

furni sh e d co mpl e t e c opi e s o f i t s co n st i t u t i o n s rit u al e t c an d N e t t e lblad t o n e o f t he fo re m o s t , , .

,

Mas on s o f Zi n n e n d orfi s ri t e an d an ard e n t d e fe n d e r of his m ast e r s pro bi t y w as at o n ce se t

’

,
’

t o w ork t o re vis e t h e rit ual o f t he N at io n al G ran d L o dg e 5 A b ac k ward gl an ce at my .

acc o u n t o f F re e m as on ry i n S w e d e n w ill e n abl e t h e re ad e r t o di s c e rn t h at at t h e t im e o f t he

E ckle ff t ran s act ion t he S w e dish ri t e w as s t ill i n co mple t e as t he co p e st o n e o f t he highe s t ,

-

d e gre e s h ad n o t b e e n place d on t he s t ru ct ure I n co n s e qu e n ce t he N at i o n al Lodg e h ad .

always b e e n d e fi c i e n t o f t w o d e gre e s an d k n e w n o t hi n g o f a Vi c arius S al o m oni s Th e s e , .

d e fe ct s w e re n ow re m e di e d t he c e re m on i e s t hro ugh o u t bro ugh t in t o u ni s on an d a Vicarius

, ,

S alo m on i s un d e r t he t it l e Of Mast e r o f t he Orde r e le ct e d I n 1 8 2 1 w e fi rs t h e ar o f

-
“
, .

Palmi é u n d e r t h at t it l e bu t I h av e n ot m e t w i t h t h e d at e o f his e l e ct i on whi ch was p rob ably

, ,

in 1 8 2 0 The G M — S chmidt —t oo k t h e t it l e o f F irs t A ssist an t o f t he M as t e r of t he Ord e r in

'

. . .

1 8 2 1 an d re t ai n e d i t so l o n g as he re m ai n e d G M
, A d e cre e o f Oct ob e r 2 afi rm s t h at . .
,

l g sgb t p 4
Kar Be r mann , F e t a e, e c . . .

Ch p XX p 48 1 O E t l p 9 1
9
d A pp dix (p givi g G d L dg M i t s N v m b 2 6 1 7 8 8
’
a . .
, . ze , . an en ost ) n ran o e nu e , o e er , .

3
L t m i l xxvi p 9 1
a o a, vo . .
, . . O E t l p 1 40 4 '
ze ,
. .

F i d l p 51 6 Al t h gh N t t lbl d t w t
5
n e , , . ou e e a ro e a hist y f ll t h t h M s i syst m s d it s (i l di g t h
or o a e o er a on c e an r e nc u n e

E glish ) —i whi h t h ig
n n d d li t y fc e n o ran ce an cre u o th i v t i s
e r pit il ssly d
o ar e d— f rt u t ly h h
are t e e n o u n ce un o na e e as n o

f v d wi t h
a o u re f th N ti
us l G d L dg one o e a on a ran o e. H l w ys h w v m i t i s i t i f llibili t y i st g t ms
e a a ,
o e e r, an a n s n a n ron er ,

whi h t t h s t d t f t d y
c o e s m wh t m si
u en o o a are o e a a u n g Cj t p 1 3 7
.
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. an e , . .

L t m i l xxvi p 9 5
6 a o a, v o . .
, . .
2 58 N A TI ON A L GR A N D L OD GE OF A L L GE R M A N F R E E M A S ON S .

Mas t e rs o f Lo dge s are e le ct e d for li fe t he t ri e n n i al re e l e ct i on b e i n g a con ce ssi o n on t he ,

-

’
M as t e r s p art n ot a righ t o f t he L o dge The e l e ct io n o f t he M as t e r accordi n g t o a d e cre e o f
, .
,

Marc h 2 w as t o t ak e pl ace by cas t i n g t he n am e s o f all t h o s e e ligibl e i n t o an u rn ; t he

,

y o u n g e s t m e mb e r d re w a n am e i t s o wn e r h ad t o le av e t h e L o dge an d his m e ri t s w e re c an , ,

v asse d A b all ot was t h e n t ak e n for him an d re qui re d a t wo t hirds m aj ori t y i n his fav o ur
’
-
. .
,

I f u n fav o urabl e a s e con d t i ck e t w as d raw n an d so on u n t il t he n e ce ss ary m aj ori t y w as

, ,

o b t ai n e d I n 1 8 2 5— D e c e mb e r 5 2 —i t w as affi rm e d t h at t h e e l e ct i on mus t b e app ro ve d by

.

t he G ran d L o dg e ; i n 1 8 3 0— D e ce mb e r 2 0—t h at Lo dg e s w hi ch b e cam e d o rm an t c e d e d t h e ir

p rop e rt y an d fu n ds t o t he Gran d L o dg e ; 3 an d i n 1 8 3 7 4— S e p t e mb e r 1 1 — t h at t he M ast e r o f .

t h e Ord e r sh all b e e o ipso als o Gran d M as t e r bu t he m ay app o in t his F irs t A ssis t an t t o t his ,

Offi ce fo r li fe .

I n 1 8 3 8 C o u n t H e n ck e l vo n D on n e rsm ark was e l e ct e d G M i n su cce ssi on t o S chmid t bu t . . ,

i n 1 8 4 1 t he Mas t e r o f t h e Ord e r — P almi e—dyi n g h e w as e l e ct e d i n his roo m an d con

“
, ,

fo rm ably w it h t he ab o v e l as t qu o t e d law re t ai n e d b o t h Ofii ce s u n t il his d e at h , .

I n 1 8 4 3 C on s t i t u t i on s w e re p ri n t e d bu t I h av e b e e n u n abl e t o p ro cure a co mpl e t e copy ,

.

Th e y w e re o nly issu e d t o M as t e rs o f Lo dg e s — who are n o t allo w e d t o sh o w t h e m o r e v e n giv e ,

an d are k e p t u n d e r t h re e k e ys h e ld by di ffe re n t Offi ce rs Of t h e L o dg e

5
e x t ract s , K e lle r .
,

h o w e v e r giv e s s o m e e x ce rp t s 6 an d t he chi e f p o i n t s are n at urally m ore or l e ss w e ll kn own

, ,
.

Th e I n n e r Ori e n t is c o mp o s e d o f m e mb e rs o f t h e highe s t d e gre e s on ly I t co mp ris e s . ,

at i t s h e ad t h e M o f t he Ord e r his t wo assis t an t s call e d S e n i or an d Jun i or A rchi t e ct s

'

, .
, , ,

an d n i n e Offi c e rs Th e s e t w e lv e re pre s e n t t h e t w e lv e A p o s t l e s an d t o a ce rt ai n e x t e n t t he
.
, ,

M o f t he O is t h e V i car Of Christ Th e ir fu n ct i on s are t o sup e rvis e e v e ryt hin g bu t

. . .
,

e sp e c i ally t h e ri t u al an d d ogm a The m e mb e rs h av e t he righ t t o p re sid e an d v o t e i n an y

.

L o dge an d can e v e n s t o p t he pro ce e di n gs The Gran d L o dge wi t h t he G M at i t s h e ad is

, .
, . .
,

divid e d i n t o t wo b o di e s t he S t J oh n s an d t h e S t A n dre w s L odge s t o ru le re sp e ct iv e ly t he

,
’ ’

d e gre e s o f pu re F re e m asonry an d t he S cot s d e gre e s Gran d Offi ce rs must at l e as t be S cot s .

M ast e rs The ri t u al is id e n t i cal w i t h t h at o f S w e d e n an d D e n m ark

. .

I n 1 8 49 — July 2 4 — H e n ck e l von D on n e rsm ark di e d an d — Oct ob e r 2 3 — K F vo n ,

. .

S e lasin sk y was e l e ct e d M as t e r o f t he Orde r .

On N o v e mb e r 5 1 8 53 an e v e n t o f gre at i m p ort an ce t o t he p re s e n t ge n e rat i on o f Mason s

, ,

t hro ugh o u t G e rm an y t oo k pl ace ; t his w as t h e i n it i at i o n o f F re d e ri ck William Prin ce n o w , ,

C row n Prin ce of P russi a The ce re m on y t o o k place i n t h e p al ace of his fat h e r t he t h e n h e ir

, .
,

t o t h e t h ro n e wh o p re side d i n p e rs on in t he p re s e n ce o f t h e G ran d Offi ce rs o f t h e t h re e

, ,

Prussi an Gran d Lo dge s an d in t he n am e — or as we sh o uld say i n E n glan d , un de r t h e ,

“

b an n e r — Of t h e N at i on al G ran d L odg e of whi ch h e b e cam e a m e mb e r The Mast e r s gav e l

’
.
,

use d o n t his oc casion was t h at form e rly b e lon gi n g t o F re d e rick t he Gre at The e igh t h an d .

last of t he B e rli n L o dg e s u n d e r t his syst e m was con s t i t u t e d e x act ly t wo y e ars aft e rwards
N o ve mb e r 5 1 8 55— an d nam e d i n his h on o ur F re d e ri c k Will
, i am o f t h e D aw n .

I n 1 8 60— A p ril 2 6— S e lasi n sk y di e d and Pri n c e F re d e ri ck Willi am Of P r ussia acce p t e d ,

t h e o ffi ce o f Mas t e r o f t he Orde r o n Jun e 2 4 follo w i n g .

Te n y e ars l at e r— Jun e 2 4 1 8 7 0—t he G ran d L o dg e c e l e b rat e d i t s ce n t e n ary w it h t he

, ,

P ri n ce i n t he ch air On t his o c c asi on a b ombsh e ll fe ll am o n gst t he bre t h re n The G M i n a

. . . .
,

1
L at o m a, v o l i xxvi
. .
, p 95
. .
2
I bi d .
, p . 96 .
8
I bid .
4 ma , p . 97 .
5
I bi d pp 8 3 an d 87 ~

Ge sch d e r . F imre au re re ii n De u t s hl d
c an ,
1 8 59 , pp . 1 4-1 7 an d F i n de l p
, . 42 3 at se q .
 N A TI ON A L GR A N D L OD GE OF A L L GE R M A N F R E E M A S ON S . 2 59

l on g an d abl e sp e e ch allud e d t o t he sup e rior k n owl e dge an d gre at e r pu ri t y o f origi n t o w hi ch t he

,

N at io n al G ran d Lo dg e h ad always l aid cl aim — als o t o i t s p e rsist e n ce i n re qui ri n g t h at t h o s e

st at e m e n t s sh o uld b e t ak e n as art i cl e s of fait h w hils t t he d ocum e n t s on w hi ch t h e y re st e d ,

we re j e al o usly p re s e rv e d fro m t he vulgar k e n H e sh o w e d ho w imp o ssibl e i t w as t o re sis t .

lib e ll o us misre pre s e n t at io n fro m o u t sid e e x ce p t by fran kly p ro du c i n g p roo fs t o t he con t rary , ,

an d how t he assump t i o n o f i n fallibili t y w as n o t o n ly u n t e n abl e i n t he n in e t e e n t h c e n t ury b u t ,

i n j u ri o us t o t he b e st i n t e re st s o f t he Gran d Lo dge ; an d con clud e d by callin g u p on all t o

ai d him i n asc e rt ai n i n g t h e hi s t ori cal t ru t h o f t h o s e supp o s e d d oc um e n t s an d t radi t ion s an d ,

1
t o fre e ly giv e up wh at e v e r sh o uld b e fo un d u n supp o rt e d The e x cit e m e n t caus e d t h ro ugh o ut .

t h e Lo dg e s Of t he syst e m was i n t e n s e an d t w o Opp o sin g p art i e s— Of ligh t an d l e adin g o f

'

, ,

myst e ry an d con s e rv at ism— w e re at on ce form e d I n 1 8 7 3 t w e n t y bre t h re n at H an ov e r w e re .

susp e n d e d for adv ocat i n g re form w hilst i n 1 8 7 1 six L o dg e s at t e mp t e d t o fou n d an hist oric al
,

an d arch ae o l ogi cal u n i on — a crim e alm o s t am o u n t in g t o t re as o n u n d e r t his G ran d L o dge .

’
S chi fi m an n of S t e t t in re ce iv e d t h e p ri n ce s co mmissi on t o u n d e rtak e re s e arch e s b u t was d e n i e d ,

acce ss t o t he archi v e s We arie d by t his p e rsis t e n t o pp o sit ion t he C rown Prin ce at l e n gt h

.
,

—
March 1 1 8 7 4 re sign e d his offi ce
,
?
I n his place Vo n D achro d e n w as e l e ct e d w i t h S chi ff ,

m an n as S e n i or A rchit e ct Th e d an g e r t h e n b e cam e obvio us t h at S chi ffm an n might at t he

.

n e x t e le ct i on b e app o in t e d M ast e r o f t h e Orde r an d h av e t he archive s at his disp os al The , .

S t at u t e s w e re t h e re fore arbit rarily al t e re d an d t h e e l e ct io n pl ace d i n t h e h an ds o f t h e high e s t ,

d e gre e on ly I t was als o laid d own t h at t h e G M sh ould live i n B e rli n A s S chi ffman n h e ld
. . . .

an e cc l e si as t i cal app o i n t m e n t i n S t e t t i n h e w as t hus re n d e re d i n e l

i gibl e for e l e ct i on b u t h e , ,

n e v e rt h e l e ss p roce e d e d w i t h his re s e arch e s an d m ad e m o s t d am agin g dis co v e ri e s F or t his , .

t h e G L susp e n d e d him— M ay 1 1 8 7 6—bu t his p art w as w armly t ak e n by s e v e ral L o dg e s

. .
, ,

an d m an y e sp e c i ally Of o t h e r sys t e ms m ad e him an h on orary m e mb e r

, Two m on t hs lat e r , .

July 1 — S chiffm an n was e xp e ll e d an d s e v e ral Lo dge s who supp ort e d hi m we re e ras e d ; ot h e rs ,

?
t ran s e f rre d h i ll gi
t e r a e an ce Thus for t he m o m e n t t h e m o v e m e n t w as crush e d b u t wit h t he ,

i n cre asin g e n ligh t e n m e n t of ou r age I can n o t bu t t hin k t h at t he l at e n t v o lcan o is m e re ly ,

c rus t e d o v e r for a t im e an d t h at t he sm o t he re d fi re will s oo n e r or l at e r b re ak o u t afre sh

, The .

p o sit i on an d at t it ud e of t he N at ion al G ran d Lodge of G e rm an y is an an o maly i n t he n i n e

'

t e e n t h c e n t ury an d can on ly be lik e n e d i n m an y re sp e ct s t o t he st an d poin t of t he Chu rch

,

of R o m e .

I n 1 8 7 2 G A von Zie gl e r had b e e n app oi n t e d G ran d M ast e r an d su cce e d e d t h e

. Mast e r ,

Of t h e Ord e r — D achro d e n o u his re t i re m e n t in b ot h cap ac it i e s H e in t u rn was foll ow e d

-
, .

by F R A N e ulan d t he pre s e n t M ast e r of t he Ord e r of t he N at ion al Gran d L odge of all

. . .
,
” “

G e rm an M ason s .

I n M ay 1 8 8 5 t his G ran d Lo dge wit h 3 Pro vi n ci al G ran d L o dge s rule d o ve r 9 3 L odge s , , ,

wit h a me mb e rship Of or an av e rag e of 1 1 0 m e mb e rs pe r L o dg e ‘ .

An E n glish t
his dd ss w ran sl t i
d b f t h St M y s L dg N 63 by D E E W dt G d
a on o f t a re as re a e ore e ar
’
o e, o .
,
r . . en ,
ran

S c t y f G m
e re ar C or sp d — M h 2 0 1 8 7 3 — d will b f d i t h C t i l H is t y of t h t L dg
er an o rre on e n ce arc , an e oun n e e n e nn a or a o e,

1 8 8 8 by G
, g K lly d Wil m H lli g w t h Cf t Ch p XVI p 2 57
e or e e an er o n or . . an e, a . .
, . .

Th i s w
9
t h t hi d R y l G M
as f th N ti
e l G L wh sig d t h h i i disg st
r o a . . o e a on a . . o re ne e c a r n u .

A llg m i s H
3
dbu h e t v l iv 1 8 7 9
e e ne S hw dis ch
an S ys t m ;
c d F i d l Ge ch
, c. ,t c p 568 l q
o . .
, c e er e an n e , s .
,
e .
, . c se .

Cf . t pp 7 9 9 2 ( t
an e , .
, no e

Th gh t G m y M s m y b
ro u ou ct iv m m b
er f t w L dg s t t h s m t i m
an no a on a e an a e e er o o o e a e a e e.

VOL I I I . . 2 L
2 60 GR A N D L OD GE OF P R US S I A , R O YA L Y OR K OF F R I E N D S H I P .

The e po ch m arkin g d at e s
- Of t his G ran d B ody are

1 7 68 — E re ct o n o fi i Z 1 7 7 2 —A u gu t 1 1 p il 2 7 R p
s — L an d 1 7 7 7 4—
A - p ril 6 —C t t
1 8 19 —A
‘

. nn e n . r . e u . o n rac

fi fi st L o d ge g v f H ss di ti by f A m i t y wi t h
’
d or s r ra e o e e a o n o

at P t sd mo a . D m st d t G M ar Sw d a ,
. . e en . Sw d d com e e n , an

1 7 7 0—J un e 24 .
—Cre at i on 1 7 7 3 — N ve m b 30 l7 8 8 — A p il 2 3 — R e p
o er . r .
pl t i
u f R it e on O e .

of t he N at i onal C o m p ct w i t h d i at i by E g
a on 1 8 53 —N n 5 — I i t ia ov . . n ~

Gran d L o d ge . E gl d n l dan . an . t io f th C w n o e ro n

P in c f P ssi r e o ru a .

1 8 7 0—J u n c 24 .
—Ce n t e n ary fe t s iv l a ,
an d Pi r n ce F re de r c i k Willi m s sp e e h a
’
c .

V TH E .
G RA N D L ODGE OF PR US S I A , CA LL ED RO A Y L Y ORK OF F R I E NDS H IP ,
AT BE RLI N .
l

On M ay 5 1 7 60 t he L o dge of t h e Th re e Gl ob e s w as i n form e d t h at s e v e ral re sid e n t F re n ch

, ,

M as on s— F re d e ri ck t h e G re at h ad e s t ablish e d a l arg e c ol on y o f t h at n at i on alit y i n B e rli n — h ad

p e t i t i on e d for a bl e t h e m t o m e st as a L odg e
w arran t t o J oy an d P e ac e —t o in i t i at e
ena
'

F re n chm e n o n ly o ffe ri n g t o pay al l t h e ir i n co m e i n t o t h e fu n ds Of t h e M o t h e r Lo dge

,
In - .

fac t i t w as t o b e m e re ly a dis t in ct ly F re n c h b ran c h o f t h e Th re e Gl o b e s Th e re qu e s t w as .

gran t e d an d i n t h e s am e y e ar—A u gus t 1 0— Von P ri n t z e n c on st it u t e d t h e L o dg e u n d e r t h e

,

n am e o f t h e Th re e D o v e s N o re as o n is assig n e d w hy t he t i t l e o rigi n ally ch o s e n w as n o t

.

adh e re d t o I n 1 7 61 — M arch 1 3 — t he M ot h e r L o dge t ook i n t o con sid e rat i on a re qu e s t t o

.
-

e n l arg e t he p o w e rs o f i t s d augh t e r as i t w as fo u n d imp o ssibl e t o re crui t t he L o dg e s ol e ly fro m ,

F re n chm e n an d t o c arry i t o n w i t h o u t fu n ds The p e t it i on w as acce d e d t o an d a fre sh .

,

w arran t gr an t e d — A pril 1 2 — w h e reby t he L o dge b e cam e an i n d e p e n d e n t sis t e r L o dge o f t h e

Thre e Gl o b e s I t s t it l e h ad at t his t im e b e e n al t e re d t o F ri e n dship Of t he Thre e D o v e s
. .

I n t he s am e y e ar i t j o i n e d wi t h t h e Th re e Gl o b e s an d C on cord i n formin g t h e M as o n i c
Tribu n al Of w hi ch V o n Prin t z e n w as e l e ct e d G ran d M as t e r ?
F ro m t he ch aract e r an d c o mp o sit io n o f t h e L o dge i t w as i n e vi t abl e t h at d e gre e s b e y on d
t hat o f M as t e r M as on w o uld b e w ro ugh t Th e s e app e ar as e arly as 1 7 63 t o h av e i n cl u d e d .

so m e o r all Of t h e fo ll ow i n g E l e ct o f 9 o f 1 5 an d o f P e rpign an ; R e d S cot s D e gre e an d , ,

’
S t A n dre w s S co t K n igh t Of t h e E as t K n igh t o f t h e E agl e o r P rin ce S o v e re ign R o s e C ro ix
t he m e mb e rs o f t his l as t an d 7 t h d e gre e formi n g a S ublim e C ou n cil whi ch rul e d all t he ,

o t h e rs To v e st t h e s e d e gre e s i t is p o ssibl e wi t h an e n h an ce d au t h o rit y t h e L o dge p rocure d

.
, , ,

—M arch 6 1 7 64— a S c ot s p at e n t fro m t h e S co t s L odge P u ri t as at B ru n swick

, , .

Th e w o rk w as Of c o urs e con du ct e d i n F re n ch bu t n o t w i t h o u t e x ce p t i on s
, Thus i n 1 7 64
, , .

w e fi n d an i n s t an ce o f a L o dge t ran s act in g i t s busi n e ss i n G e rm an bu t t h e mi n u t e s re cord a ,

re s o lv e n o t t o d o so agai n A m o s t c urio us mi n u t e o ccu rs i n 1 7 65 wh e n a m e mb e r p ro p o s e d

.
,

fo r i n i t i at i o n s om e b o dy — h avin g forgot t e n t he can did at e s n am e ’

'

J u ly 2 7 1 7 65 w as a m o s t imp ort an t d at e for t his Lo dg e

, , On t h at d ay i t i n i t iat e d i n t o .

t h e C raft H R H E d w ard A ugus t us D uk e o f Y ork t h e b ro t h e r Of G e orge I I I an d his co m

. . .
, , .
,

p an i o n C o lon e l H e n ry S t J oh n On A ugus t 2 t he Prin c e sign ifi e d his acc e p t an ce of t he t i t le

, .

o f p at ro n o f t h e L o dg e an d au t h oris e d i t t o assum e t h e n am e o f R oy al Y ork o f F ri e n dship

, .

1
Th e his t y or of t his L dg o e h as b e en v y w ll l t h gh s
er e , a ou om e w h
fi i l p bli t i
at t oo con c is ly
e , to ld i n it s of c a u ca on ,

H a apt m om e n te cle r Geschi clz te d e r Grossen L oge c an P g t R y lY k

re usse n F l k ft B li
e n an n 1 8 49o a ar zur re u n c sc a , e r n, .

ll i g sk h is giv
The fo o w n e tc e n i n t h e m a n on t h e i au t h it y f t h t w k
or F o bi g phi l t i s d d t s I m
a or . or o ra ca no ce an a e a

i d b t d hi fly t t h x ll
n e e c e o e e ce ent A llg m i s H
e e ne an db h Ot h s
uc .s will b m t i d wh m d
er o u rcef e en on e en a e u se o .

2
A n t e , p 2 43 . .
 GR A N D L OD GE OF P R US S I A , R O YA L Y OR K OF F RIE NDS HIP . 2 61

The Lod ge t h e n appli e d t o t he G ran d L odge of E n glan d for a p at e n t an d e n t rus t e d t he ,

p e t i t i on t o S t J oh n To t his c irc umst an ce m ay be d u e t h e fact t h at t h e L od ge n e v e r j o i ne d

.

t he S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce sys t e m bu t o n t h e c o n t rary al w ays s t re n u o usly o pp o s e d i t

,
.

The n e x t fe w y e ars fu rn ish t wo e v e n t s w hi ch m ay b e re c o rd e d On S e p t e mb e r 6 1 7 65 .

, ,

t he L o dge w arran t e d i t s firs t d augh t e r at R h e ims ; an d i n 1 7 67 — Ju n e 6— i t i n i t i at e d a J e w

, .

This is re m ark abl e b e caus e i n 1 7 7 9 i t had so far m odifi e d i t s vi e w s as t o re fu s e admissio n t o

,

t wo E n glish Mas o n s b e caus e t h e y w e re o f t h e H e bre w p e rsuasi on 1 The l at t e r p o sit ion i t .

re t ai n e d u n t il t h e re visi o n o f t he S t at u t e s i n 1 8 7 2 ; b u t t h e J e w ish qu e s t i on d o e s n o t app e ar

t o h ave e v ok e d t he s am e s t ri fe i n t his L o dge as i n t h e Thre e Gl ob e s an d i n t h e E cl e c t i c

Un io n .

I n 1 7 67— Jun e 2 4— i t re ce iv e d a w arran t fro m E ngl an d as N O 4 1 7 su cce ssiv e ly al t e re d .

,

by t h e c lo sin g up o f n umb e rs t o 3 3 0 2 60 an d 2 1 9 ( 1 7 7 0 1 7 8 1 1 7 9 2 ) — aft e r 1 8 1 3 i t disapp e ars

, , , ,

fro m ou r list s .

I t s n e x t s t e p was t o apply fo r a p at e n t as a Gran d Lodg e b u t — F e b ru ary 1 4 1 7 69 — D e , ,

Vign olle s wrot e re fusin g t h e re qu e s t as b e y o n d E n gl an d s p o w e r t o gran t — a G ran d L o dge

’

b e i n g t h e re sult of se v e ral L o dge s combi n in g fo r t h e pu rp o s e H e h owe v e r au t h oris e d t h e .

, ,

’
L o dge t o gran t a t h re e m o n t hs disp e n s at i on t o bre t h re n t o act as a n e w L o dge duri n g ,

w hi ch t im e t h e y w e re e xp e ct e d t o apply for a c on s t i t ut i o n fro m E n glan d ?

Th e R o y al Y ork form ally s e ce d e d fro m t he Thre e Gl o b e s i n 1 7 68 Zi n n e n d o rff s pro
’
.

c e e d in gs w it hi n i t s p re cin c t s i n 1 7 7 2 h av e al re ady b e e n n arrat e d

3
I n 1 7 7 2 i t s e n t a cyph e r .

t o L on d on i n whi ch t o co n d u c t i t s c orre sp o n d e n ce an d t he s am e y e ar fo rw ard e d by t his m e an s ,

t h e s t at ut e s an d ri t u als o f i t s S cot s d e gre e s for app ro v al Th e re sul t is u n k n o w n t o m e I n t he . .

s am e y e ar als o i t w arran t e d a Lo dg e at B e s an con Of t his an d t he form e r L o dge at R h e ims .

n o fu rt h e r n o t i c e s app e ar I n 1 77 3 t h e Lo dg e gradu ally c e as e d t o w ork i n F re n ch an d

.
,

A ugust 1 3 —con st i t ut e d i t s fi rs t l e gi t im at e d augh t e r at C ass e l This L o dge was re gis t e re d i n .

L on d on N o v e mb e r 1 9 1 7 7 3 as N O 4 59
, , , . .

M e an w hil e t h e t re at y— so o ft e n c i t e d—had b e e n co n t ract e d b e t w e e n Zi n n e n d orff an d t he

Old e r or l e gi t im at e G ran d L o dg e i n L on d on an d by i t t h e L o dg e R o y al Y o rk cam e u n d e r
,

t h e j urisdi ct i o n o f t he N at i o n al Gran d L o dg e The R o y al Y o rk su cce e de d i n m akin g t e rms .

by w hi ch i t w as t o p re s e rv e i t s o w n ri t u al an d i n a gr e at m e asure i t s form e r aut on o my an d ,

co n clud e d a t re at y o f u n i on M ay 1 9 1 7 7 4 Qu arre ls h o w e v e r e n su e d an d app e als t o L on d on

, .
, , ,

an d i n t h e e n d t he R oy al Y ork re ass e rt e d i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce i n 1 7 7 6 a co urs e o f act i on

“
,

w hi ch w as app rov e d by E n gl an d A p ril 1 1 1 7 7 8 , , .

I n 1 7 7 8 t h e R o y al Y o rk co n s t i t u t e d i t s s e co n d L o dge —at M an n h e im — an d i n 1 7 7 9 o n e
e ac h at Mu n i ch an d P ot sd am A p rop o s al for u n i on w it h t he Thre e Gl ob e s fe ll t h rough i n
.

t his y e ar b u t a t re at y o f frie n dship w as e n t e re d i n t o whi ch is s t ill i n e ffe ct

, , .

I n 1 779 N ov e mb e r 2 4— B aron H e yki n g was co mmissi on e d by t h e L od g e t o t rav e l

-

t h ro ugh o u t P o lan d an d w h e re h e fo u n d Mas on s i n su ffi ci e n t n umb e rs t o e re ct Lo dg e s

, Thi s .

re sult e d i n t h e form ati on ( 1 7 8 0) Of n o l e ss t h an e igh t L o dg e s an d ul t im at e ly o f an E n glish ,

P rovin cial G ran d Lodg e o f Pol an d 4 F ro m 1 7 8 2 t o 1 7 9 5 n ot hi n g o f imp ort an ce d e m an ds

.

re cord b e yo n d t he c on s t i t u t i o n o f s e v e n L o dg e s an d t h e o ccasi o n al u se o f t h e n am e s M o t h e r ,

1
I t h ad m e an w hil b f f w y s i l s lli
e ee n o r a. e e ar n c o e a an ce wt ih Z i n n e n d orfi i l G d L dg whi h l w ys
’
s N at on a ran o e, c a a

has b e e n , an d is w i t s ly Ch is t i
no , n en e whi h m y ou r an , c a acc nt for t h e c h g f vi ws g di g t h J ws
an e o e re ar n e e .

2
N e t te lbl d t Ge s chi h t F i m S y t e m p 62 4
a , c e re . s s, . .
3
A t p 2 53
n e, . A t p 221
.
4
n e, . .
2 62 GR A N D L OD GE OF P R US S I A , R O YA L Y OR K OF F RIE N DS HIP .

L odge an d Gran d L o dg e as appli e d t o t he R oy al Y ork bu t wi t h o ut a sp e c ifi c ass e rt ion o f ,

e it h e r o f t h e s e t i t l e s .

Wit h 1 7 9 6 t h e re c o mm e n ce d a p e ri o d o f e v o lu t ion an d in t e rn al ch an ge i n t his Lo dge n ot ,

u n acco mp an i e d by st rife The ce n t ral fig ure o f t he m ov e m e n t was o n e of t he m o st p romi n e n t

.

Mason s o f t h at o r an y t im e n ot e w ort hy n ot o nly as a M as on bu t als o as a t h e ol ogi an p oli

, , ,

t i ci an an d au t h or— I g n at ius A ure lius F e ssl e r I re g re t t h at t h e e xige n c i e s o f sp ace forbid

“

.
,

an y t hi n g app ro achi n g a d e t ail e d bi o g raphy o f t his re m ark abl e m an The foll o wi n g fe w d at a .

mus t t h e re fore suffice .

F e ssl e r w as b orn i n Lo w e r H un gary i n 1 7 56 his fat h er b e i n g a re t ire d s oldi e r an d hi s , ,

o t h e r a re ligi o us d e v o t e e E du cat e d by t he J e suit s bu t re fus e d admissi on t o t h e ir ran ks h e

.
, ,

t ook t h e C apu chi n v o w s i n 1 7 7 3 I n 1 7 7 9 h e w as ordai n e d p ri e s t an d w as at t h at t im e o f

.
,

a m o s t s e ri o us an d e arn e s t disp o si t i o n v e rgi n g on big o t ry Bu t ab o v e all t hi n gs he w as pl ain

, .

’
sp ok e n an d i n 1 7 8 1 call e d t he E mp e ror s at t e n t i on t o t he disgrace ful m orals Of con v e n t ual
,

li fe N O l on ge r safe i n t h e m on ast e ri e s fro m p ap al v e n ge an ce h e was place d i n p rofe ssion al

.
,

c h ai rs at t h e u n iv e rsi t i e s an d le d fro m t h at t im e t o his d e at h a m o s t e v e n t ful an d k ale i d o

,

s copi c li fe pu rsu e d by t h e u nre le n t in g h at e of t he Je suit s I n 1 7 8 9 h e e mb rac e d t h e Lu t h e ran

,
.

fai t h an d i n 1 7 9 6 cam e t o B e rli n

,
H e e n t e re d t he Craft at L e mb e rg i n 1 7 8 3 a p e ri o d coe v al
.
,

w it h t h e fall o f t he S t ri ct Obs e rvan c e t he fo u n di n g o f t he E cl e ct i c Un i o n an d t he co mm e n ce

, ,

m e n t o f t h e fi rs t se ri O u s at t e mp t s t o s t udy an d app re c i at e F re e m as o n ry Thro w i n g hims e l f .

w i t h his usu al ar d o u r i n t o t his n e w pursuit he su cce e d e d i n a fe w y e ars i n m akin g hims e lf

,

ac qu ai n t e d wi t h t h e b ro ad fact s of M as o n i c his t ory an d t h e wh o l e s e ri e s o f fan t as t i c t h e ori e s ,

an d ri t e s t o whi c h t h e o rigin al i n st i t u t i on had n e arly su cc umb e d S u ch a m an co uld n ot fail .

t o att ract t h e att e n t io n o f his M as on i c fe ll ow s an d accordin gly, w e fi n d t h at h avin g j o i n e d ,

t he R oy al Y o rk M ay 1 2 1 7 9 6 h e w as mu ch ag ai n s t his wish force d by t h e b re t hre n

, , ,

N ov e mb e r 2 0— t o b e c o m e a m e mb e r o f t h e S ubli m e C o un cil The Th re e Gl ob e s F ran k fort .

, ,

an d H ambu rg G L h ad al l re form e d t h e ir rit e s or w e re e n gage d in so d o i n g t h e R oy al Y ork

. .
,

fe l t i t n e ce ss ary t o fo llo w sui t an d i n F e ssl e r lay t h e ir b e s t h o p e

, On e ot h e r m at t e r als o .

loo m e d large on t he h oriz on I n con s e qu e n ce o f t he F re n ch R e v olu t ion an e di ct again st

.

se cre t soc ie t ie s might be e xp e ct e d an d alt h ough t he L o dg e s w o uld prob ably b e t ole rat e d ye t
, ,

i t w as t o b e fe are d t h at t h e R oy al Y ork w ould b e c all e d up on t o submi t t o t he j urisdict i o n o f

a G ran d L o dg e u n l e ss i t s p o sit i on as a G ran d L o dg e i n it s e l
,
f co uld b e s at isfact orily s e t t l e d .

D e Vign olle s l e t t e r alre ady re fe rre d t o had i n d i cat e d t h e o n ly l e gal m e an s o f att ai n i n g t his
’

, ,

o bj e ct an d w e sh all se e t h at F e ssl e r w as n o t t h e m an t o n e gl e ct su ch a hi n t
,
.

S carc e ly was F e ssle r a m e mb e r o f t he S ublim e C o un cil t h an he re ce iv e d a co mmissi on t o

draft a con st it ut ion an d t o re vis e t he ri t u al an d bri n g t he v ari o us d e gre e s i n t o accord H e
, .

t h re w hims e l f wit h alm o s t sup e rhum an e n e rgy i n t o t h e w ork H i s fi rs t in cli n at i on as was .

,

n at ural t oan e n li gh t e n e d M as on i c s t ud e n t w as t o ab olish al l high d e gre e s an d he m ad e t his

, ,

pro p o sal A pril 1 2 ,

H i s coadj u t o rs w e re h ow e v e r n o t ye t p re p are d for su ch a
, , ,

d rast ic re m e dy so he con t e n t e d hi ms e lf w i t h m akin g e ach (so calle d) high d e gre e a s e p arat e

,
-

c o u rs e o f phil o s o phy an d wit h re m o uld i n g t h e S ubli m e C o u n cil whi c h b e c am e t he I n n e rm o s t

, ,

O e ri n t ?
H is n e w rit u al an d co n s t it u t ion s w e re rap t uro usly app ro v e d an d acce p t e d A ugus t ,

3 179 7
,
The c on s t it ut i on was t o be subj e ct t o re visi on i n t h re e six an d aft e rw ards
.
, ,

1 Fi nd e l p , . 48 5 .
3
La, I nne rmos t "
for Grand , an d In ne r ”
for pri va te , L dg s
o e .
2 64 GR A N D L OD GE OF P R US S I A ,
R O YA L Y OR K OF F RIE NDSHIP .

g ly i n d e m an d
ur e nt A co mpro mis e was e ffe ct e d
. I n li e u o f t he high d e gre e s F e ssl e r .

e l ab orat e d a his t ory o f F re e m as on ry i t s o rigi n re viv al i n 1 7 1 7 e arly p ro gre ss an d subs e qu e n t

, , ,

o bliqui t i e s This w as c ommu n i cat e d t o M as t e r M as o n s i n fi ve S t e ps t o K n o w l e dge E rlce n n t “

. ,

n i ss stu e n an d t o s at is fy al l p art i e s e ach s t e p w as p re ce d e d by a ce re m o n i al d e sig n e d t o

-
f , , ,

symb oli cally illus t rat e v ari o us ph as e s i n m an s lif e on e art h The rit u al o f t h e t h re e d e gre e s
’
.

w as re m o de ll e d o n t h e b asis o f t h at o f S ch ro e d e r an d t h e co n s t i t u t io n s al t e re d i n ac cord an ce ,

t h e re w i t h Th e co mpl e t e re visi o n w as acce p t e d D e ce mb e r 3 1

.
, ,

I n t his y e ar ( 1 8 00) on e n e w Lo dg e w as w arran t e d an d t h e S u n L o dge at B ayre u t h — n ow ,

t he
“
Gran d Lodge o f t he S u n —was affili at e d an d re m ai n e d for a t im e a Provi n ci al Gran d ,

L od ge u n d e r t h e R o y al Y ork “
.

I n 1 8 01 — Ju n e 5 — t h e G M V o n S e ll e n t i n re sign e d o n acc o u n t o f ill h e al t h an d

. . ,

S e p t e mb e r 1 3 — E rn F e rd Kl e i n w as i n s t alle d as G M
. . The s am e y e ar saw t h e birt h Of a . .

?
Lo dge at Ch arl o t t e n burg an d o f t h e Lo dge S ocrat e s a ,
t F ra n k fo rt Th e t o t al o f p riv at e
Lo dge s h ad n ow ris e n t o I n 1 8 02 on e L o dge w as w arran t e d an d t he cl o si n g s ce n e s o f ,

F e ssl e r s con n e ct i o n w i t h t h e L o dg e w e re e n act e d F or s o m e t im e an gry fe e li n gs h ad b e e n at

’
.

w ork o n b o t h sid e s w an t o f app re ci at i on o n t h e o n e p ro du ce d bit t e rn e ss on t h e o t h e r an d

, ,

F e ssl e r s own d omi n e e ri n g t e mp e r add e d fu e l t o t he fl am e A t l e n gt h t h e G M hims e l f w e n t

’
. . .

o v e r t o F e ssl e r s e n e mi e s A ccordi n g t o t he con s t it u t i o n t he D e p G M w as t h e al l p o we rful

’
-
. . . .

p rim e mi n ist e r— t h e G M a v e ry limi t e d m on arch . Bu t Kl e i n — a m an Of Ch aract e r an d

.
, .

d e t e rmi n at ion — was li t t l e i n cli n e d t o play t he p art o f R oi F ai n e an t t o t h at of F e ssle r s M ai re ’

an P alai s an d t he p o si t ion b e cam e t o o s t rain e d t o con t in u e

, .

On A p ril 3 0 1 8 02 F e ssl e r w rot e t h at t o facili t at e a re con ciliat i on h e i n t e n d e d t o lay d own

, ,

his Offi ce s pro t e m an d re qu e s t e d all compl ain t s agai n s t him t o b e at on ce Op e n ly p re fe rre d .

On M ay 7 t he G ran d L odg e agre e d t o con sid e r t his as a form al re sign at i on an d F e ssl e r , ,

in dign an t re sign e d his o ffi ce s as D e p G M an d W M o f Uran i a o n t h e 9 t h H i s L odge w as

, . . . . . .

t h e n ord e re d t o e x clud e him fro m m e mb e rship an d F e ssl e r h e ari n g o f t his orde r— A u gust 1 5 ,

—wrot e — S e p t e mb e r 6— w it h h augh t y s c orn w ashin g his h an ds on ce an d for all Of b ot h ,

4
L odge a d G a d Lo dg e
n r n A ft e r m an y t ro ubl e s i n p rivat e an d publi c life F e ssl e r e n t e re d t h e
.
,

s e rvi ce o f t he Cz ar A l e x an d e r i n 1 8 09 an d di e d D e ce mb e r 1 5 1 8 3 9 ag e d 8 3 b e i n g at t he t ime , , , ,

Pre sid e n t Of t h e R u ssi an Lu t h e ran C on sis t ory at S arat ow .

I n 1 8 03 t h e S t at ut e s u n d e rw e n t t h e ir p e rio di cal re visi on t h e I n n e rm o s t Ori e n t w as

‘

re m o d e ll e d an d b e sid e s o v e rl o o ki n g t h e d o gm a an d ri t u al Of t h e F rat e rn i t y
, b e cam e t h e dis ,

p e n s e r o f t he S t e ps t o Kn o w l e dg e an d i t s sub ordi n at e I n n e r Ori e n t s we re ch arg e d w i t h t h e

,

s am e du t i e s i n t h e p ro vi n ce s Bu t t h e s e s t e p s w e re re du ce d t o a si n gle o n e u n d e r t h e
.

n am e o f S co t s M as t e r an d t h e i n i t i at i on s w e re ab o li sh e d
, so t h at p rac t i cally fro m h e n ce fort h ,

w e h av e a m o difi cat i on Of t h e H amburg E n g ban d an d t h e ri t e Of t h e R oy al Y o rk m ay b e ,

l ook e d u p on as i n all e ss e n t ials t h at o f S ch roe d e r Th e i ron y of fat e will e d t h at F e ssle r s .

’

o rigi n al pl an s sh o u ld b e ad o p t e d wi t hin a fe w m on t hs o f his e xpulsi o n .

I n 1 8 0 6 t h e G ran d Lo dg e w as c l o s e d du ri n g t h e F re n c h o c c up at i on bu t t he p re s e n ce o f ,

t h e e n e my s e rv e d t o d raw c lo s e r t h e riv al G e rm an rit e s an d t h e N at i o n al G ran d L o dge ,

e n t e re d i n t o a p act o f ami t y w it h t h e R o yal Y o rk I n 1 8 08 t h e G L re s o lv e d t h at t h e Offi ce rs . . .

o f p riv at e L o dg e s mus t b e co n fi rm e d an d app ro v e d by i t s e l f t hus s o m e wh at t h o ugh p o ssibly , ,

1
N e t t e lblad t , p . 63 6 an d F i dl p
n e , . 48 7 .
2
A n te , p . 2 36 .
3 F i n de l , e t c. p . 49 0 .
4 N e t t e lblad t , p . 641 .
 TH E GR A N D L OD GE
“
S U A T BA YR E UTH . 2 65

i p s t t iv h t A n d at t he re visi o n Of t h e S t at u t e s
u n i n t e n t i on ally limi t i g
‘

n t s o w n r e re e n a e c arac e r .

in 1 8 72 t e h dis t i n ct iv e ly Ch r is t i an re qu ir e m e n t s for i n i t i at i on w e re m o difi e d ,

so t h at J e WI sh
,

c an didat e s are n o w acce pt e d .

Li t t l e re m ain s t o b e add e d e x ce pt s t at ist ic s L o dg e s warran t e d - in 1 8 03 1 ; 1 8 1 2 2 . , ,

18 13 1 ; 1 8 16 4 ; a o t e ls h P ro vi n c i al G r an d L o dg e o f S il e si a ; 1 8 1 7 2 ; 1 8 1 8 2 ; 1 8 2 0 1 8 2 1 , , , ,
, ,

1 8 2 3 1 8 2 4 1 8 2 6 1 8 2 7 1 8 2 8 1 8 3 6 1 8 40 1 8 43 1 8 46 1 e ach
, , , , ,
Lat e r lis t s I h av e n ot b e e n
, , , ,
.

abl e t o p roc u re .

I n 1 8 1 0— March 1 8 — G M Kl e i n die d an d — A p ril 3 0— J H A H e y w as e l e ct e d t o t he

. .
,
. . .

Offi c e . I n 1 8 3 2 H e y re sign e d fro m si ck n e ss an d old age an d di e d D e ce mb e r 1 7 1 8 3 8 He , ,

.

w as su cce e d e d by Pro f H F Li n k as G M who di e d i n o ffi ce — J an u ary 1 1 8 51

. . .
On Jun e . .
, ,
.

2 e n sui n g D r C von Kloe d e n w as e l e ct e d G M an d als o di e d i n Offi ce — Jan u ary 1 0 1 8 56 A

, . . .
, ,
.

similar fat e be fe l t h e n e x t G M — D r C W F A m e l an g— wh o di e d D e ce mb e r 3 1 8 58 an d
. . . . . ,

o n t h e fo ll o w i n g y e ar— M arc h 2 6— P ri n ce L o uis Willi am A u gus t us o f B ad e n a b ro t h e r o f t h e ,

Gran d D uk e w as i n st all e d as G M The G M s t e n u re o f Offi ce b e i n g t e rmi n abl e w i t h t h e

, . . . .
’

p e ri o di cal re visi on s of t h e C on st i t u t i on s t h e P ri n ce d e clin e d re e l e ct i on at t he re visi on o f ,

-

1 8 63 bu t w as app o in t e d H on G M
, a p o sit i o n w hi c h h e s t ill h o lds I n 1 8 64 D r J F
. . .
,
. . .

h k bu g i s d G d M s an d i n 1 8 7 3 P ro fe ss or Chr F r L H e rrig w ho
l
S c n a e n r w as n t a e l
l ran a et r ,
. . .
,

w as re e l e ct e d i n 1 8 8 2 an d s t ill h o lds t he o ffi ce
-
,
.

I n Jan u ary 1 8 8 5 t he G ran d L o dge R o y al Y ork o f F ri e n dship rul e d o v e r 62 L o dge s

“

w i t h 61 02 m e mb e rs o r an av e rag e o f 9 9 m e mb e rs pe r L o dg e
,
Of t h e s e L o dg e s 4 are o u t sid e .

t he limi t s Of Prussi a 3 i n A ls ace Lorrai n e an d 1 i n B re m e n

,
I t has 1 Provi n ci al G ran d L odg e
-
,
.

—t hat o f S il e si a—an d 8 I n n e r Ori e n t s .

VI . THE G R AND L ODGE

“
S UN AT B AYRE UTH .

On J an u ary 2 1 1 7 4 1 t he Margrav e F re d e ri ck of B ran d e n b u rg Kulmb ach e re ct e d i n hi s

, ,
-

o w n cas t l e at B ayre u t h t he C api t al o f his d o mi n i on s a L o dge u n d e r t h e n am e o f t h e

, S un , ,

o f whi c h he re m ai n e d M as t e r t ill his d e at h i n 1 7 63 On D e ce mb e r 5 1 7 41 t his Cast le .

, ,

S u n i n s t it u t e d in B ayreut h a Ci ty S u n w it h mu ch p o mp t he M arg rav e hims e l f t ak i n g “

,

p art i n t h e p roce ssion The C as t l e Sun s oon graft e d o n i t s e lf a D ire ct ory o f S cot s
.
“

M ast e rs whi ch i n s om e re sp e ct s dis ch arge d t he fu n ct i on s o f a n on re p re s e n t at iv e G ran d L o dge

,
-
.

I n 1 7 57— Oct ob e r 2 4—t his D ire ct ory o p e n e d t he Lo dg e L e b an on of t he Thre e C e d ars “

,

i n E rlan g e n ; an d i n 1 7 58 — M ay 1 7 —t h at o f t he Th re e S t ars in A n sp ach t h e capi t al o f t he , ,

On olz bach or c ade t lin e of B ran d e n bu rg .

I n 1 7 63 t h e Margrav e w as su cc e e d e d by his u n cl e t h e M argrav e F re d e ri ck Ch ris t i an , ,

b ot h i n hi s civil an d M as on i c cap aci t y .

I n 1 7 69 t he e ld e r lin e b e in g e x t in c t t he M argrav e F re d e ri ck C arl A l e x an d e r o f B ran d e n

, ,

burg On olz bach (t he y o u n ge r or A n sp ac h li n e ) u n it e d t he t w o Pri n cip ali t i e s The A n sp ach

-
.

Lodge of 1 7 58 b e i n g als o p o sse ss e d of a S co t s D ire c t ory t h e n e w ru l e r caus e d i t i n 1 7 7 2 t o ,

am algam at e w i t h t h e ( Cast l e) S u n D i re c t ory an d re m o v e d t h e s e at o f t his con j o i n t Di re c ,

t ory t o A n sp ach gran t i n g i t j u risdi ct i on o v e r t he t w o S u n L o dg e s i n B ayre u t h t he L e b an o n

, ,

Lo dge i n E rl an g e n an d t h e Thre e S t ars L o dge i n A n sp ach

, F ro m 1 7 7 4 t h e re fore t he S u n .

c e as e d t o w ork as a M o t h e r L o dg e I n 1 7 7 6 t he Ci t y S u n we n t o v e r t o t he S t ri ct Obs e rvan c e

-
.
,

1
Un d er hi m i n 1 8 7 2 t h e S t at u t e sw e re a l t d t dm it
e re o a of J ws b i g i i t i t d
e e n n a e .
 S UN A T BA YR E UTH
”
2 66 TH E GR A N D L OD GE “
.

whic h t he M argrav e hims e l f had j oi n e d i n t he s am e y e ar b e i n g t he fi rst re ig n i n g P ri n c e w ho ,

e v e r sig n e d t he ac t o f I mpli c i t (or Un qu e s t i o n i n g) Ob e di e n c e H e hims e l f w as t he so n o f .

t h e M argrav e C arl w h o h ad e sp o us e d t he sis t e r o f F re d e ri ck t he G re at an d b e e n i n i t i at e d ,

by t h at ki n g i n 1 7 40 i n F re d e ri ck s R oy al Lo dge 1 The M argrav e F re de ri c k dyin g chi ldle ss ’

.

i n 1 7 9 9 t he B ran d e n burg Pri n cip ali t i e s re v e rt e d t o P russi a

,
.

By t h e R o yal E dict o f Oct ob e r 2 0 1 7 9 8 all P russi an L odge s w e re re quire d t oh o ld fro m , ,

on e o f t h e t h re e B e rlin G ran d Lo dg e s A c co rdin gly i n 1 7 9 9 — N o v e mb e r 1 9 —t he A n sp ach .

,

an d E rl an g e n L o dg e s j o i n e d t h e Thre e Gl o b e s whils t t he t wo S u n s j o i n e d t he R oy al Y o rk
“

i n 1 8 00 t he C as t l e S u n b e i n g m ade a P rovi n c i al G ran d Lo dg e

,
I t n at urally acce p t e d t he .

F e ssl e r R it e an d w as gran t e d an I n n e r Ori e n t A p ril 1 1 8 02

,
The L o dg e o f Tru t h an d , , .

F ri e n dship at F urt h w arran t e d by t h e R oy al Y ork— M arch 4 1 8 03 —was pl ace d u n d e r i t s

, ,

rul e an d als o t h e
,
M orn i n g S t ar at H of c on s t i t ut e d Ju n e 9 1 7 9 9 , ,
.

I n 1 8 0 6 A n sp ach fe ll t o t he n e w ki n gdo m o f B av ari a I t had m e an while b e e n rais e d t o .

t h e ran k o f a P ro vin ci al G ran d L o dg e A n ach arsi s u n d e r t h e Thre e Gl ob e s w i t h s e v e ral “

, ,

d augh t e r L o dge s an d at t h e t im e o f t h e se all b e comin g B av arian F re e m ason ry w as u n d e r

, ,

an i n t e rdi c t i n t h at co u n t ry by vi rt u e o f d e cre e s issu e d M arch 2 an d A ugust 1 6 ,

re n e w e d by t he E l e ct or aft e rw ards Ki n g o f B av ari a— M aximili an J o s e ph hims e l f a F re e

-
,

m as on N o ve mb e r 4 1 7 9 9 an d M arc h 5 1 8 04 I n 1 8 07 h owe v e r— M ay 8 —
, , , t h e Ki n g issu e d, .
,

an e di ct o f t ol e rat i o n t o w hi c h w e re at t ach e d v e ry s t ri n g e n t c on dit i o n s

, A lis t o f all m e mb e rs .

w as t o b e forwa rd e d t o t h e au t h ori t i e s e v e ry t h re e m on t hs all ch an ge s o f o ffi ce rs o r by ,

l aw s t o be n ot ifie d corre sp on d e n ce w it h B e rli n t o ce as e e t c

, A fu rt h e r e di ct w as publish e d , .

Jan u ary 1 7 1 8 08 forbiddin g all S t at e s e rv an t s t o j oin t he C raft A s t his d e priv e d t he

, , .

Lo dge s o f all t h e ir b e st m e mb e rs j udg e s n ot ari e s p rofe ss ors milit ary o ffi ce rs an d e v e n , , , , ,

s ch oolm ast e rs an d c l e rgym e n t he bl ow w as a s e v e re on e ; bu t m an y o f t h e L o dg e s n e v e rt h e le ss

,

con t in u e d t o s t ruggl e o n as in d e p e n d e n t co mmu n i t i e s u n t il i n b e t t e r t im e s t h e y w e re able t o ,

j o in on e o f t h e G ran d L odge s of G e rm an y 3 .

I n 1 8 1 0— Ju n e 3 0—B ayre u t h als o was ac qu ire d by t he ki n gd o m o f B avari a an d t he ,

Lo dge s h ad t o con form t o t he s am e rul e s t he S un lo si n g n o t l e ss t h an fift y o f i t s b e s t ,

m e mb e rs .

Th e P rovi n c ial G ran d M ast e rs m e an whil e u n d e r t he R oyal Y ork G ran d L o dg e w e re C o un t

.
, ,

v on Gi e ch Von V old e rn d orf an d S chu n t e r

, , .

I n 1 8 1 1 —D e ce mb e r 1 3 — t h e P rovi n ci al G ran d L o dg e of t he S u n d e cl are d it s e l f an i n d e

p e n d e n t Gran d Lo dge w i t h fo ur d augh t e rs viz t h e Ci t y S u n u n d e r a n e w n am e — E le usis o f
, ,
.
,

S il e n ce —t h e Trut h an d F rie n dship at F ii rt h t he Morni n g S t ar an d t he G old e n B alan ce at ,

H of— w hi ch w as w arran t e d F e bru ary 2 0 1 8 04 by t he N at i on al Gran d L o dge o f B e rlin .By slow , ,

d e gre e s an d i n spi t e o f diffi cult i e s i t add e d t o t his n umb e r The rit u al w as n at urally t he , .

so cal - le d F e ssle r t h at is as w e h av e s e e n t he
“
,
S chroe d e r sligh t ly m o difi e d an d whi ch
, , ,

d oe s n ot diffe r m at e ri ally fro m ou r own The first G M — S chu n t e r—w as fo llow e d by Mu n ch . . .

,

Birn e r an d i n 1 8 44 by S K olb —un d e r wh om in 1 8 47 t he con st it ut i on s w e re am e n de d so as

,
.
, ,

1
A n te , p . 2 42 .
3
I bi d .
,
p . 123 .

3 glish p t t —d t d J
By an E n a en a e u ne 6, 1 8 06 — Ch arl e s
lx d Pi “
f Th u a d T xis P i ip l C mA e an e r, r n ce o rn n a ,
r nc a o

m iss y t H i I m p i l M j s t y i G m y w pp i t d P vi i l G d M st f B v i This d s ip t i “
ar o s er a a e n er an as a o n e ro nc a ran a e r or a ar a . e cr on ,
,

h w v is v g
o e d m isl di g si
e r, a u e an ea n , n ce wi t h t h x pt i f R t isb —whi h was t p m t ly i c p o t d wi t h
e e ce on o a on c no er an e n n or ra e

th w k i gd m u t il 1 8 1 0—B v i
e ne n o n a ar an M s y w x t i t Cf p t pp 2 7 7 ( t
a on r as e 2 79 nc . . os , . no e .
 TH E N A TI ON A L GR A N D L OD GE OF S A X ON Y A T D R E S D E N .

to a dmi t eJ w s t o t e h f u ll b e n e fi t s o f t h e F rat e rn i t y I n 1 8 40— A n gus t 2 5— Chr K K un z e l .

. .

w as e l e ct e d G M an d i n 1 8 62 F ri e d ri c h F e u st e l A t t his t im e t he G ran d Lo dge S u n n umb e re d

. .
, , .

t e n d augh t e rs N e w c o n s t it ut i on s w e re d rawn up i n 1 8 68 an d acce p t e d i n 1 8 69

.
Th e y are ,
.

am on g t h e m o st lib e ral i n G e rm an y The G ran d L o dge is t h oro ughly re p re s e n t at ive o n t h e .

E n glish sys t e m ; i t s s e at as an e x e cu t iv e b o dy is at B ay re ut h b u t i t h olds i n t urn an an n u al , , ,

d e li b e rat iv e m e e t i n g an d fe st ival at t he v ari o us t ow n s w h e re i t p oss e ss e s a L o dg e .

I n 1 8 7 2 Blu n t s chli b e cam e G M an d i n 1 8 7 8 F cu st e l on ce m ore —t h e p re s e n t G M b e i n g . .

,
. .

D r Lo we I n J an u ary 1 8 8 5 t h e Gran d L o dg e rul e d o v e r 2 4 L o dg e s — ch i e fl y i n B av ari a an d

.

B ad e n 1 e ach i n H amb u rg B re m e n an d N orway an d 2 i n Wu rt e m b e rg— wh e re M as on ry was

, , , ,

forbidd e n i n 1 7 8 4 bu t h as b e e n agai n t o l e rat e d si n ce 1 8 3 5,

The m e mb e rship o f t h e s e 2 4 .

L o dg e s w as 2 01 7 o r an av e rage of 8 4 pe r L od g e 1 A s e con d N orw e gi an L o dg e h as si n ce b e e n

,
.

e re ct e d .

VI I . TH E N A T I ON AL G R AND L ODGE or S A X ONY AT D R E S DE N .

M an y P ro vi n c i al G ran d M ast e rs for t h e c i rcl e o f Upp e r S ax on y an d for t h e E le ct orat e o f

S ax on y we re app oi n t e d by E n gl an d i n t h e l ast c e n t u ry F or i n s t an ce i n 1 7 3 7 by L ord .
, ,

D arn l e y H W v on M ars ch all t o t he Ci rcl e o f Upp e r S ax on y ; 3 i n 1 7 62 M aj or Alo ys P e t e r

, . .
,

D A gd olo t o t h e E l e c t o rat e ; an d i n 1 7 66 C o u n t v o n We rt h e rn t o Upp e r S ax o n y

’
Th e re w e re ,
.

p o ssibly o t h e rs w it h w h o m w e n e e d n ot c on ce rn o urs e lv e s for i t can n o t b e sh own t h at t h e y

, ,

e v e r w arran t e d a si n gle L o dg e o r e x e rc is e d t h e i r o fii ce i n an y w ay Of M ars ch all i t is k n o w n .

t h at he j o i n e d an d ac ce p t e d o ffi ce i n t h e L o dg e A bs al o m at H ambu rg 4 an d n ot h in g m o re ,

whilst at t h at v e ry t im e R u t ow sk y w as act iv e i n his e sp e ci al dist ri ct ; an d o f t h e t w o lat t e r w e ,

k n ow t h at t h e y w e re e xpre ssly re li e v e d of t h e i r dut i e s i n t he 1 7 7 3 con t ract wi t h Z i n n e n d orff 5

We rt h e rn in d e e d w e n t o v e r t o t he S t rict Obs e rvan ce imm e di at e ly aft e r his appo i n t m e n t .

N e v e rt h e l e ss a G ran d L o dg e o f S ax on y e xis t e d at a v e ry e arly d at e C o u n t R u t o wsk y .

i n it iat e d at Warsaw i n 1 7 3 5 6— w h o h ad b e e n a b riga di e r i n t h e F re n ch s e rvi ce e n t e re d t h at ,

o f t he E l e ct or o f S ax o n y i n 1 7 3 1 an d w as a F i e ld Marsh al an d G o v e rn or o f D re sd e n i n 1 7 41 ,
-
.

H e di e d M arch 1 6 1 7 64 I n 1 7 3 8 b e e re ct e d a Lo dg e o f t he, Th re e E agl e s at D re sd e n

.
“
.

I t i n cr e as e d so rapidly t h at i n 1 7 3 9 a n e w L o dge o f t h e Thre e G o ld e n S w o rds w as

“

form e d als o at D re sd e n whi ch t wo y e ars aft e rwards n umb e re d o v e r fi ft y m e mb e rs , In .

1 7 4 1 —F e b ru ary 1 5—a t hi rd L o dg e — o f t he
,

Th re e S wan s — was fo u n d e d Th e s e t h re e m e t .

t oge t h e r Jun e 2 4 1 7 41 rais e d t he Th re e S words t o t he ran k o f a G ran d L o dge an d c h os e

, , , ,

R u t o w sk y as G M I t app e ars t o h av e b e e n t ake n for gran t e d by G e rm an writ e rs t h at

. .

R u t o w sk y h e ld an E n glish p at e n t —
,

whi ch m ay p ossibly be t ru e alt h o ugh i n t he abs e n ce of ,

an y t hi n g lik e e vid e n ce t o au t h e n t i cat e t h e b e li e f i t must o f n e ce ssi t y re m ai n an o p e n qu e s t i o n ,

.

1
I k n ow of n o o ffi ci al or d his G d L dg Th b v f t s h v b gl d hi fly f m t h e ta il d hist y
e or of t ran o e . e a o e ac a e e en e an e c e ro e

A llg m i s H
e e ne db h 1 8 63 1 8 7 9 x B y t h B d b g E l g A sp h F i d i h I I F u t h H f
an uc ,
-
, s v . a re u , ran en ur ,
r an e n, n ac , re r c r , o ,

Bi Z w i b ii k
a e rn , K lb F e t l W t m b g D t s hl
r c e n, d t o , e us e , ur e er , eu c an , e c .

O 9
m n ce I m s t i d t p t st g i s t t h
ore t h t it l i
a mm co n G d C t i s L dg f
ra n e o ro e a a n e u n cou e n co on u se , ran ou n r e o e o

S x y (G
a on L d L g S h m)
re ase M s i w it s v
an f high l ssi l t t i m t s h v
es o a e on d p t d t his ac e . a on c r er , e en o c a ca a a n en , a e a o e

b b ism f wh s p t i t y I m ig
ar ar ,
o t Y t
o e l t h gh k wl dg f G m i v y s is t t b p
a e rn a n o ran . e , a ou a. no e e o er an n e er ca e no o e re

s pp s d I t hi k w
u o e ,
t it l d t xp t t l st
n q i t
e wi t h E g li h g m m
are en th p t ef E glish o e ec a ea an ac u a n an ce n s ra ar o n e ar o n

th s Th f ll wi g sk t h is g i hi fly b s d p t h x ll t A llg m i H d b h S hs “
au or . e o o n e c a a n c e a e u on e e ce en e e nes an uc ,
ac e n,

D sd
re L ipzig A l t b g R t w k y M s h ll D t s hl d W t W t h i m Agd l t t
e n, e , en ur , u o s , ar c a , eu c an , arn a z , er e , o o, e c. , e c .

C s t i t t i s 1 7 56 p 3 3 3
3
on u A t p 225
on Cf F i d l p 8 2 2
,
W K ll F i D t p 8 0
,
. .
4
n e, . .
5
. n e , . .
5
. e e r, r. n eu .
, . .

VOL 11 1 . . 2 M
 2 68 TH E N A TI ON A L G R A N D L OD GE OF S A X ON Y A T D R E S D E N .

The Th 1 e e S wan s m algam at e d w it h t h e Thre e S words July 2 1 7 41 E a1 ] i e r i n t h e

a , , .

s ame y e ar—M arch 2 0—a Lodge was form e d at L e ipsi c w hi ch subs e qu e n t ly b e c am e Mi n e rv a ,

“

” 1
o f t h e C o mp ass e s an d is n o w t h e i n d e p e n d e n t L o dg e
,
M i n e i v a o f t h e Th i e c P alms If “

n o t w arran t e d by R u t o w sk y i n t h e fi rs t i n s t an ce i t ce rt ai n ly o wn e d his s way ci rca 1 747 , .

I n 1 7 4 2 —J an uary 3 1 — t his L o dge Mi n e rv a i n augu rat e d t h e L o dge at A l t e n burg n ow ,

” 2
,
f
A rc him e d e s o f t h e Th re e Trac in g B oards o n e o f t h e fi ve i n d e p e n d e n t L o d g e s o G e rm an y .

This als o j o i n e d t he u n i on .

R u t o w sk y furt h e r w arran t e d— S e p t e mb e r 2 1 7 4 3 — t h e Thre e R o s e s at S achse n fe ls ,

“
,

w hi ch was o n e o f t h e fi rs t t o j o i n t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce ; an d i n 1 7 44 t h e Th re e S qu are s

i n N o ss e n whi ch s o on aft e rwards di e d o u t
,
Th e re are al so t rac e s o f o n e o r t wo o t h e r L o dge s
. .

The e xis t e n ce o f t his fl o u rishin g b o d y at so e arly 3 d at e is v e ry re m ark abl e .

’
I n 1 7 55 t he firs t e ffort s o f V o n H u n d s s t ill u n d e ve l o p e d im agin i n gs m ay b e t race d i n
a L o dg e Of t he Th re e P alms —w arran t e d by him i n D re sd e n o n S e p t e mb e r 5 .

I n 1 7 60 t he Th re e Gl ob e s als o b e gan t o co n st it ut e a fe w Lo dge s i n S ax o n y Bu t t his .

p art o f G e rm an y w as t he v e ry c e n t re of t h e S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce —V on H un d p o ss e ss e d large

e s t at e s i n t h e n e ighb o u rh o o d at L ausi t z an d e ls e w h e re —an d n at urally t h e fi rs t t o b e o v e rru n
,

by t he n e w ri t e I n 1 7 62 — S e p t e mb e r 5— th e Th re e S words acce p t e d t he Te mpl ar rit ual

.

an d sys t e m an d e v e ry L o dg e i n t h e E l e ct orat e fo ll ow e d sui t

,
The his t ory o f t h e C raft i n .

S ax on y for t h e e n s u i n g h al f ce n t u ry is co mp ris e d i n t h at o f t he S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce t he ,

t hre e G ran d L o dge s at B e rli n an d t h e G ran d L o dg e o f H an o v e r al

,
l o f whi ch b o di e s co n ,

s t i t u t e d Lo dg e s i n t he co u n t ry at v ari o us t im e s .

I n 1 8 05 s o m e of t he D re sd e n L o dge s b e gan t o m oot t he qu e s t i on o f e s t ablishi n g a N at i on al

Gr an d L o dg e The id e a m e t w it h ge n e ral fav o ur fo ur Lo dg e s on ly — t h o s e at G o rli t z an d
.
,

B au t z e n an d t he t wo at L e ipsic—raisi n g o bj e ct i on s Bu t t he p roj e ct cam e t o n augh t t he st e rn .

,

’
n e c e ssi t i e s o f w ar o ccupyi n g m e n s mi n ds t o t h e e x c lusi on o f o t h e r m at t e rs .

I n 1 8 1 1 h ow e v e r t he subj e ct w as re viv e d an d a N at i on al G ran d L o dge for S ax on y e re ct e d

, , , .

Twe lv e L o dg e s combin e d for t h e purp o s e Th e s e h ad b e e n con s t it ut e d i n t he y e ars w it hi n

.
,

b rack e t s as follo ws z— By R u t ow sk y— 1 The Thre e S words D re sd e n b e in g t he origin al

, , , ,

G ran d L odg e of 1 7 42 : By t he Gran d L o dg e o f t he Thre e Glob e s— 2 G old e n Wall B au t z e n , ,

3 L e op ard i n Lubb e n
, , 4 G o ld e n C ro ss i n M e rs e bu rg (1 8 05) , By t he ,

N at io n al G ran d Lo dg e o f Prussi a —5 The D e s e rt We ll at K ot t bus ( 1 7 9 7) 6 G o ld e n A ppl e

By Y ou H u n d—8 t he Crown e d S e rp e n t
, , , ,

D re sd e n ( 1 7 7 6) 7 t he Thre e H ills F re ib e rg
, , , ,

Go rli t z By t h e Th re e R o s e s of 1 7 4 3 u n d e r t he S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce — 9 t he Thre e ,

F l am e s Pl au e n
,
By t he G ran d L odge R oyal Y ork—1 0 H arm on y in H oh e n st e in , ,

By t he Pro vi n c i al Gran d Lo dge o f H amburg—1 1 t he Thre e Pillars i n Tri e b e l By , ,

L o dge A rc him e d e s o f A lt e n bu rg—1 2 A rchim e d e s o f t h e S axo n Un i on S chn e e b e rg

, It ,

will be re m ark e d t h at N 0 3 1 9 an d 1 2 c on n e ct t his n e w Gran d Lo dg e hi st ori cally wi t h

.
, ,

t h e e x t i n ct G ran d L o d ge of R u t owsk y F ro m t his d at e t he G ran d L odge i n spi t e o f a fe w

.
,

lo ss e s has g radu ally bu t con t i n u o usly i n cre as e d t h e n umb e r o f i t s L odge s

, , , S om e h o w e v e r .
, ,

o f t h e s e w e re l o s t i n 1 8 1 5 b e caus e a p art o f S ax o n y t h e n p ass e d u n d e r P russi an rul e

, .

The C o n st i t ut ion s w e re acce p t e d S e p t e m b e r 2 8 1 8 1 1 an d sig n e d by t he Lo dg e s o f t he , ,

Un i on Th e y are t he m os t lib e ra l i n G e rm an y The Un i on d oe s n ot forbid high d e g re e s bu t

. .
,

1
P ost , p . 2 71 .
2
I blah, p . 2 72 .
 ”
G R A N D L OD GE
“
C ON COR D A T D A R M S TA D T . 2 69

simply ign ore s t h e m an d d e als on ly w i t h t h e C raft I t p e rmi t s an y ri t u al i n t he t h re e d e gre e s

, .

p ro vid e d a co py is appro v e d by G ran d Lo dg e The G ran d Lo dge c on sis t s of t wo b o di e s A . .

l e gisl at ive co mp o s e d o f t he M ast e r D e pu t y M ast e r an d Ward e n s o f e ach L o dge an d o f a

, , , ,

D re sd e n b rot h e r sp e ci ally app o i n t e d t o re p re s e n t e ac h L o dg e Th e s e all h ave a d e lib e rat iv e .

v o i ce bu t e ach L o d ge on ly has on e v ot e
,
A n e x e c u t ive co mp o s e d o f t h e G ran d Offi c e rs
.
,

c h o s e n fro m am o n g t he m e mb e rs o f t h e l e gislat iv e b o dy The rit u al us e d by t h e G ran d .

L odge an d re co mm e n d e d t o i t s d augh t e rs is t h at o f S ch roe d e r 1 .

Of t he e arli e r G ran d Mas t e rs o f t his b ody I h av e b e e n u n able t o p ro c u re a li s t I n 1 8 66 .

G H Warn at z M D w as e le ct e d t o t he ch air an d dyi n g i n 1 8 7 2 w as su cce e de d

. .
, . .
, , , ,

Oct ob e r 2 7 —by D r E cks t e in w ho g av e pl ace t o Alb e rt We n gle r i n 1 8 8 1 Un d e r D r E cks t e i n

, .

t he re visi on o f t he S t at ut e s b e gu n i n 1 8 7 4 w as c ompl e t e d Oct ob e r 1 8 1 8 7 6

,
The chie f , , .

al t e rat i on w as a d e clarat i on t h at J e w s w e re e ligibl e for i n i t i at i on — t h e y h ad al re ady b e e n

admi t t e d as vi si t ors i n 1 8 3 7 The e x e c ut iv e st ill re m ai n s at D re sd e n bu t i t w as e n act e d

.
,

t h at t he an n u al m e e t i n g o f G ran d L odge m ay b e m o v abl e .

The n umb e r o f L o dge s on t h e ro ll i n J an u ary 1 8 8 5 w as 2 0 wi t h a m e mb e rship o f 3 69 2 o r , ,

an av e rag e o f 1 8 5 pe r L o dg e Of t h e s e L o dge s t w o — at M e in i n g e n an d G re iz — are n ot i n t he

.
,

kin gd om of S ax o n y On t he ot h e r h an d t wo L o dg e s at Le ipsic d o n ot b e lon g t o t he Un ion

.
, ,

bu t are i n d e p e n d e n t The ri t u al is S chroe d e r s w i t h t he e x ce p t i on o f t he B au t z e n Lo dg e

’
.
, ,

whi ch has re t ain e d t h at of t he Th re e Glo b e s an d t he F re ib e rg L o dge whi ch st ill adh e re s t o , ,

D r B e rn h ard A rt hur E rdm ann is t he pre s e n t G M

’
F e ssl e r s . . .

VI I I . G R AN D L ODGE “
C ONCORD AT D A R M S TADI ’ ‘
.

Wh e n Lo uis X,
Lan dgrav e o f H e ss e D armst ad t comm e n ce d his re ign i n 1 7 9 0 t he on ly
.
-
, ,

L odge i n his d omin i on s w as t h at at Gi e ss e n of which h e was a m e mb e r as w e ll as i t s chi e f , ,

an d p at ro n I n 1 7 8 5 i t had j o in e d t h e E c l e ct i c Uni on
. I n 1 7 9 3 t h e E n glish Pro v G L at . . . .

F ran k fort c o mm e n ce d t o w arran t a s e rie s o f L o dge s i n t his p ri n cip ali t y ; whi ch i n 1 8 06 w as

m ad e a G ran d D u chy L o uis X b e co min g t he first G ran d D uk e Lo uis I By t h e e v e n t s o f
, . .

1 8 1 4 h e ac quire d a c on sid e rabl e e x t e n si on o f t e rri t ory an d i n t h e n e w p rovi n ce s o f his s t at e ,

e xis t e d o t h e r L o dg e s H e di e d i n 1 8 3 0 p ro t e ct or o f all t h e s e L o dge s an d his su cce ss o r

.
.
, , ,

Lo uis I I w ho t o ok an act iv e p art i n L odg e w ork als o assum e d t he t it le an d d ut i e s o f pro

.
, ,

t e ct or . By 1 8 3 9 all t he st i ll e xist i n g H e ssi an Lo dg e s had j o i n e d t he E cl e ct ic Uni o n .

I t w ill n o w be n e ce ss ary t o re capit ul at e s o m e fact s al re ady allud e d t o I n 1 8 08 t he .

G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce h ad con st i t u t e d t he Lo dge N asce n t D awn i n F ran k fort w hi ch con ,

t ai n e d a l arge J e w ish e l e m e n t A ft e r v ari o us qu arre ls t his L o dge S plit in t o t wo fact i o n s : t he

.

L an dgrav e Karl o f H e ss e C ass e l re con st it u t e d t he Chris t i an m e mb e rs as K arl of t he D awn in g

-

”
Light accordi n g t o t he rit e o f t h e re ct ifi e d S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce w hils t t he J e wish bre t hre n
, ,

re ce iv e d i n 1 8 1 7 a w arran t fro m L o n d on as t h e L o dg e o f t h e N as ce n t D aw n ( N o
”
In “
.

1 8 3 6 P ri n ce K arl di e d ; an d i n 1 8 40- S e p t e mb e r 2 7 K arl of t he D awn i n g Ligh t j o i n e d ”

t he E cl e ct i c Un io n The L o dge h o w e v e r co uld n o t ag re e on all p o in t s w it h i t s n e w G ran d

.
, ,

Lo dg e m ore e sp e ci ally i n re lat i o n t o th e high d e gre e s an d aft e r m an y qu arre ls an d bi ck e rin gs

, , ,

was e x c lud e d o n July 2 1 8 44 I t s p art was t ak e n u p w armly by t h e

, .
F ri e n ds of C on cord
at M ay e n c e an d S t Jo h n t h e E v an ge lis t o f C on cord at D arms t ad t wi t h t h e re s ult t h at i n ,

1 8 4 5 t h e s e t w o L o d ge s re t ire d fro m t he E cl e ct i c Uni on .

1
F o r t he t e t x of t h ese C st i t ut ioon n s se e Ke ll e r, G d e r F r i n De u t
. . .
, p 24. .
2
A n te , PP 2 3 6: 2 3 7 °
2 70 G R A N D L OD G E C ON C OR D A T D A R M S TA D T .

The t hre e L o d ge s ,
w hi ch had thu s
v e re d t h e i r in d e p e n d e n c e p e t it ion e d t h e Gran d
re co ,

D u k e an d P rot e c t o r Lo uis I I t o form a n e w E cl e c t i c Un i o n ; t h e ir p ray e r w as gran t e d an d

,
.
, ,

n in e pro m i n e n t m e mb e rs— o n e o f w h o m Le yk am w ill be pre s e n t ly re fe rre d t o —w e re , ,

d e pu t e d t o fram e a con st it u t i on This act o f fo u n d at i o n ( Gm n d t e rt rag) e mph asis e d t he

.
’

pu re ly re pre s e n t at iv e sys t e m o f G L g o v e rn m e n t forb ad e all high d e gre e s (K arl of t he D L

. .
, . .

v o lun t arily diss olv e d i t s S cot s L o dge w hi c h h ad b e e n t he o rigi n o f t he w h ol e q u arre l l) an d

, ,

h ad b u t o n e fau l t I t re fu s e d e v e n t he righ t o f visit i n g t o J e w s

. I t was sig n e d by t h e t h re e .

Lo dge s— F e bru ary 2 7 1 8 46 app rov e d by t h e Gran d D uk e — March 2 2 — an d on t h e fo ll o w i n g

,

d ay t he t h re e L o d ge s m e t p ro c l aim e d t he G ran d Lo dg e C on co rd an d e l e ct e d J H Lo t he i sse n

, ,
. .
,

P re sid e n t of t he C o urt o f A pp e al as t h e ir fi rs t G M ,
. .

Cu ri ously e n o ugh t he L odg e K arl w h o s e t radit io n s w e re so pu re ly Ch rist i an w as t he first

, ,

t o pro t e s t agai n s t t h e i n t o l e ran ce o f t h e n e w G ran d L o d g e an d t his i t did w i t hin fi ft e e n m on t h s , .

On D e ce mb e r 1 4 1 8 4 7 a m aj ori t y i n t he Lo dge re p e al e d t h e by law w hi ch d e b arre d Je w ish

, ,
-

M as on s fro m e n t e ri n g t h e ir d o o rs an d t h e min o ri t y h e ad e d by Le yk am re sig n e d t h e ir m e mb e r

, , ,

ship I n 1 8 49 — M arch 1 5— n i n e o f t his mi n orit y p e t i t i on e d t h e G L for a w arran t for a n e w

. . .

Lo dge i n F ran k fort t o b e call e d K arl o f Lin d e n b e rg The old L o dge d e sire d t o rais e n o
, .

o bj e c t i on b u t as i t fe l t t h at i t co uld n o t m e e t t h e n e w o n e i n p e rfe c t ami t y s o ugh t p e rmissi o n

, ,

— N o v e mb e r 1 8 —t o le av e t h e D arms t ad t G L B ot h p e t i t i on s w e re gran t e d an d K arl o f t he . .

,

D aw n i n g Ligh t re j o i n e d t h e E cl e c t i c Un i on Ju n e 3 0 1 8 50 H e re i t w ill b e c on ve n i e n t if I , .

sli gh t ly an t i cip at e t h o ugh at t he s am e t im e I also go o v e r gro u n d t h at w e h av e alre ady

,

v
t ra e e r s d l
by at on ce re cordi n g t h e fact t h at K arl of Li n de n b e rg als o s e ce d e d t o t he E c le ct i c
,

Un i on i n 1 8 7 8 .

The G ran d L o dg e C on cord— con sis t i n g o f t h re e L o dg e s i n all— e le ct e d B e t z as G M i n . .

1 8 51 an d i n 1 8 53 Lo t he i sse n o n ce m o re
,
.

M e an w hil e Lo uis I I wh o die d i n 1 8 48 had b e e n su cce e d e d by Lo uis I I I who w as n ot a

,
.
, ,
.
,

M aso n n o r did h e app e ar t o i n t e re st hims e l f at alli n M as on i c m at t e rs Gre at t h e re fo re was

,
.

t h e as t o n ishm e n t pro du c e d by a G ran d D u cal d e cre e o f 1 8 59 e xp re ssi n g a wi sh t o se e all ,

H e ssi an L o dg e s u n i t e d u n d e r t he aut h ori t y o f t he G ran d L o dge C on cord at D arms t ad t This .

aff e ct e d fo u r E cl e c t i c L o dg e s o n e e ac h at A lz e y Gi e ss e n Offe n b ach an d Wo rms ; an d a roy al

, , , ,

w ish b e i n g e quiv al e n t t o a co mm an d n on c o mpli an ce p rob ably m e an t diss olu t i on , On t he

-
.

o t h e r h an d submissi o n w as di ffi c ul t
,
b e c aus e t he E cl e ct i c Un i on h avi n g admit t e d J e ws t o
,
,

i n it i at i on i n 1 8 48 w h e re as t he D armst ad t Un i on w o u ld n o t e ve n all o w t h e m t o visi t t he

, ,

L o dge s ran t h e risk o f l o sin g t h e ir J e wish b re t hre n who h ad b e co m e v e ry d e ar t o t h e m ; ,

Gi e ss e n e sp e ci ally w as l arge ly re crui t e d fro m m e mb e rs o f t he H e b re w rac e G ran d L o dg e ho w .

,

e v e r p ass e d a re s olu t i o n t o all ow t h e s e fo u r L o dg e s t o v i o l at e t he con s t i t u t i o n s p ro vid e d t h e y

"

, ,

w o uld c on s e n t t o c e rt ain dis abili t i e s viz d e privat io n o f t h e righ t t o v o t e o n m at t e rs o f ri t u al

,
.
, ,

an d i n abili t y o f t h e i r m e mb e rs t o fill offi ce s i n Gran d L o dge The fo ur Lo dg e s t h e n j o in e d .

,

m aki n g se v e n i n all .

I n 1 8 59 — S e p t e mb e r 1 1 — Lot h e i sse n die d an d Mat t h e w Le yk am D o ct or o f L aw s w as , , ,

e l e ct e d G M A s t h e lat t e r re sid e d i n F ran k fort t he G ran d Lo dg e w as re m o ve d for n in e y e ars

. . ,

t o t h at c it y .

A n e w Lodge (N o 8 ) w as con s t i t ut e d at F ri e db e rg on N o ve m b e r 1 0 1 8 62 an d i n t he
. , ,

1
A n te , p . 2 40 .
2 72 I N DE P E N DE N T ( GE RM AN ) L OD GE S .

k n igh t s so t h at t h e Ch ap t e r gradu ally die d o u t u n t il at last t he C o u n t H o he n t hal alon e w as

, ,

l e ft — wh o t o k e e p t he hist o ry o f t h e Ch ap t e r aliv e form e d a so call e d I n n e r Un i on o f a fe w

, ,
-

c h o s e n m e mb e rs o f t h e 4 t h or S co t s grad e The e x act s co p e o f t his i n s t it u t i o n has h o w e v e r .

, ,

e lud e d my re s e arc h e s .

I n 1 7 8 3 t h e Lo dg e for a t im e sh o w e d sign s o f an i n cli n at i on t o j o i n t he n e wly form e d

E c l e c t i c Un ion bu t i t ul t im at e ly d e cide d t o re m ai n is ol at e d o r rat h e r i n d e p e n d e n t
, , .

The l ast o f t h e K n igh t s H o he n t h al die d i n 1 8 1 9 an d t he con s t it u t i on s o f t h e L o dg e w e re

, , ,

re m o d e ll e d A p ril 8 1 8 2 0
,
The old S cot s Lo dg e K arl w as form e d i n t o a D ire ct o ral Lo dge
, .
“
,

g o v e rn i n g t he affai rs o f t he L o dg e I t con sis t s o f t w e n t y se v e n M ast e rs On t he d e at h o f

.
-
.

a m e mb e r t h e L o dg e submi t s t h e n am e s o f t h re e o f i t s M as t e r M as on s fro m w h o m t h e ,

D i re ct oral L o dge ch oo s e s on e t o c omple t e i t s n umb e r S e v e n m e mb e rs o f t his D i re ct o ral .

L o dge c o mbi n e t o form an I n n e r Uni on wh o als o co m pl e t e t h e ir n umb e r fro m t im e t o t im e ,

i n a simil ar m an n e r Th e du t y an d p riv i l e g e o f t h e I n n e r Un i o n is t o dis cuss all m at t e rs o f

.

imp ort an c e b e fore t h e y are submi t t e d t o t h e D i re ct oral L o dg e e t c , .

M ahlm an n W M 1 8 1 3 2 6 re vis e d t he ri t u al w hi ch h ad su fi e re d mu ch du ri n g t he S t ri ct
f
-
.
, ,
.
,

Obs e rv an ce t im e s an d t his v e rsion w as acce p t e d i n 1 8 2 9 t hre e y e ars aft e r his d e at h

, , .

Th e S t at ut e s u n d e rwe n t re visio n i n 1 8 3 2 an d 1 8 67 On t he l at t e r o c casi o n J e ws w e re .

fre e d fro m all dis abili t i e s I n 1 8 63 t h e L o dge had 3 59 m e mb e rs w hi ch i n 1 8 7 8 had i n cre as e d

.
,

t o 4 1 4, an d i n 1 8 8 5 t o 447 .

II . B A LDWI N OF TH E LI ND E N ,
LE I Ps1 0 .
1

I n 1 7 7 6— F e b ru ary 7 — s e v e ral Mas on s

Mi n e rv a m e mb e rs , a mon g t he m s om e of t he ,

fo u n d e d a L o dge B ald win un d e r t he Z i n n e n d orff rit e The L o dge was co n s t i t u t e d o n .

F e b ruary 2 3 by D uk e E rn e s t o f S ax e G o t h a A l t e n bu rg G M o f t h e N at ion al G ran d L o dge o f - -

, . .

B e rlin I t susp e n d e d w ork July 2 4 1 7 8 1 bu t re sum e d on M arch 1 3 1 7 8 3 u n d e r t he t i t le

.
, , , ,

o f t he Li n d e n li m I n 1 8 07— N o v e mb e r 7 — t hi s L o d g e t h re w off i t s alle gi an ce an d

( e t re e ) - .

d e cl are d i t s e l f i n d e p e n d e n t .

B e ckm an n t h e E n glish Pro v G M for H amburg gran t e d i t a n e w con st i t u t i o n

,
. . .
,

J an u ary 1 4 1 8 09 — as an i n d e p e n d e n t Lo d g e u n d e r i t s p re s e n t t i t l e B ald wi n o f t h e Li n de n
,
.

The L odge ad op t e d t h e S ch roe d e r R i t u al an d n e w con s t i t u t i on s — w hi ch w e re re vis e d i n 1 8 3 3

an d 1 8 54 .

TheL o dge j oi n e d t he G ran d L o dge o f S ax o n y i n 1 8 1 5 bu t re t ire d on ce m ore i n 1 8 2 4 , ,

sin ce whic h d at e i t h as m ai n t ai n e d i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce I t s m e mb e rs n umb e re d i n 1 8 64 3 02 ; .

,

i n 1 8 7 8 4 2 4 ; an d i n 1 8 8 5 509
,
Th e s t re n gt h o f t h e L e ipsi c L o dge s is re m ark abl e
, .
The re .

are b u t t h re e i n t he c i t y : Mi n e rv a i n d e p e n d e n t w i t h 4 4 7 m e mb e rs ; B aldwi n i n d e p e n de n t
, , , ,

wi t h 509 ; an d A p ollo— u n d e r t he G ran d L o dg e o f S ax on y— w it h 3 8 4 .

III . A R CH I M E DE S or TH E THRE E TR A C N G- I B OAR D S IN A LTE N RURG 2 .

I n 1 741s e v e ral A lt e n burg M ason s appli e d t o H W v on Mars ch all Prov G M o f Upp e r . . , . . .

S ax on y for p e rmissi on t o e re ct a Lo dge

,
M arsch all gran t e d t he p ray e r an d forw ard e d a copy . ,

o f t h e E n glish R i t u al b u t advis e d t h e m t o apply e ls e w h e re fo r a w arran t

,
The bre t hre n .

t u rn e d t o t h e Min e rva Lo dg e at L e ipsi c an d w e re co n s t it u t e d by a d e pu t at ion fro m t h at ,

1 ll
A ge m e i s H db h
ne an uc , sxv . L ipzig
e .
2
I bid " 3-
11 l b g
A ten ur .
 I N DE P E N DE N T ( GE R J WA N ) L OD GE S . 2 73

bo dy J an u ary 3 1
, F ro m t h e v e ry fi rs t L o dge A rchim e d e s con du ct e d i t s pro ce e di n gs
, ,

i n t he v e rn ac ul ar idi o m an d w as p ro b ably t h e e arli e s t G e rm an L o dg e t h at e v e r did so ; i n

,

1 7 43 i t p u blish e d t he fi rs t G e rm an Mas on i c s o n g b ook I n 1 7 51 P ri n ce L o uis E rn e st o f .

S ax e G o t h a A l t e n burg w as W M o f t he L odge an d h e p ro cu re d fro m t he

- -
. . Th re e Gl ob e s a,
“

w arran t fo r a S co t s Ch ap t e r whi ch h o w e v e r di e d o u t alm o s t imm e diat e ly aft e rw ards

, , , The .

A l t e n bu rg F rat e rn it y whi c h has al ways adop , t e d i n n o v at i on s w i t h re lu ct an ce w ork e d pu re ,

E n glish M as onry u n t il 1 7 7 5 We h ave alre ady s e e n 2 t h at on Ju n e 3 0 o f t h at y e ar D uk e

.

E rn e st I I o f S ax e G o t h a A l t e n burg w as e l e ct e d G M o f Zi n n e n d orff s G ran d Lo dg e ; an d

.
- -
. .
’

A rchim e d e s v e ry n at urally j o in e d t h e N at i on al Gran d L odg e an d acc e pt e d t h e S w e dish

R it e. A t ho u gh t he D uk e re sign e d i n disgus t t he foll o wi n g y e ar t he L o dg e did n o t re ass e rt ,

i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce u n t il 1 7 8 5 an d subs e qu e n t ly t o th at d at e c o n t in u e d t o u se t h e R it u al t o
, ,

w hi ch i t had b e co m e ac cus t om e d i n t he p re ce din g t e n y e ars e v e n k e e pi n g up t he p ract i ce ,

aft e r j o i n i ng t h e E cl e ct i c Un i on i n 1 7 8 8 .

I t s e ce d e d fro m t h e E cle ct i c Un i on i n an t i cip at i on o f t h e t hre at e n i n g p oli t i c al t ro uble s

, ,

in 1 79 3 an d t h e s am e re as o n s i n du ce d i t t o s u sp e n d i t s m e e t in gs o n J an u ary 9 1 7 9 5 aft e r , ,

h avin g d e clare d i t s offic e rs p e rm an e n t duri n g t he i n t e rim I n 1 7 9 6 i t re op e n e d A t t he . .

b e gin n i n g o f t he c e n t ury i t re j e ct e d t he Zi n n e n d orff R it u al an d acce p t e d as a t e mp orary ,

m e asure t h at of t he E c le ct i c Un i on Pi e re r re ce iv e d ord e rs t o compil e a n e w o n e an d aft e r

.
,

care fully comp ari n g t he ri t u als o f E n gl an d S co t l an d I re l an d t h e R o yal Y ork an d H ambu rg , , , , ,

his v e rsi on was acce p t e d i n 1 8 03 I n t h e s am e ye ar S ch n e id e r publish e d t h e con s t i t ut i on s o f

.

t he L o dge a w ork e ve n n o w m u ch s o ugh t aft e r for i t s v alu abl e con t ribut ion s t o M as on i c
,

arch a e ol o gy an d whi c h sh o w a w on d e rful p o w e r o f j ust c ri t i c ism con sid e ri n g t h e t im e at whi ch

,
‘

t h e y app e are d F ro m t his e p och m ay b e d at e d t he ris e o f t h e b rilli an t A l t e n burg s ch o o l o f

.

Mas on ic hist orian s an d st ud e n t s t o wh o s e lab ou rs we are all so mu ch i n de bt e d N o l e ss t h an

, .

t hre e Mas on ic j o urn als o we t h e ir bi rt h t o t his s ch oo l— t h e J ou rn al f a r m m m m r t he ,

Z e i tschrl f f
’
t u r F rc t m au re rci a n d t h e Z i eg e ll
c e clce r— which i n l at e r y e ars b e cam e t he Bra d e rbla tt e r
, .

The l as t n am e d publi cat i on con t i n u e d t o app e ar u n t il 1 8 54

-
F allon wh o s e w ork has b e e n so .
,

o ft e n al lu de d t o i n Ch ap t e r I I I o f t his Hi s t ory was a m e mb e r o f t he L odge

.
,
.

I n 1 8 0 3 — D e c e mb e r 1 8 —t he Lo d ge o p e n e d a b ran ch at G e ra bu t t his w as aft e rw ards co n ,

st it u t e d by i t an in de p e n d e n t L o dge Oct o b e r 2 5 The A lt e n bu rg L o dge divid e d i n t o

, ,

t wo i n 1 8 03 an d e re ct e d a D ire ct oral L odg e t o g o v e rn t he L o dge at G e ra an d t he t wo n e w

,

d i vision s at A l t e n burg ; bu t t he wh ol e arran g e m e n t was abrogat e d in 1 8 05 an d t he old p o si t io n ,

re sum e d .

I n 1 8 09 t he L odg e e s t abli sh e d a bran ch i n S ch n e e b e rg bu t t his j o i n e d t he Gran d L o dg e ,

o f S ax o n y i n 1 8 1 2 .

I n t he e l e ct ion o f i t s offi ce rs e t c t his L o dg e fo llo ws t h e E n gli sh pl an ; b u t i t p oss e ss e s a

, .
,

s ort o f p e rman e n t co mmi t t e e t o si ft m at t e rs b e fore t h e y co m e b e fore t he L odg e con sis t in g ,

o f t h e M ast e r an d D e pu t y M as t e r t he Ward e n s an d al l P as t M as t e rs an d Ward e n s

,
I ts ,
.

library con t ai n s o v e r 7 00 v alu able w orks I n 1 8 2 3 i t o p e n e d a s avin gs b an k l arg e ly

.
’

us e d by t he surrou n di n g p opul at i on I n 1 8 61 i t s m e mb e rs n umb e re d 2 1 0 ; i n 1 8 7 8

. ,

o ve r 2 50 ; an d i n 1 8 8 5 2 7 1 , .

1
A n te , pp . 2 68 , 2 7 1 . 1 bid .
,
p . 2 55 .
3
P ost , p . 2 74 .
 2 74 I N DE P E N DE N T ( GE R fl I A N ) L OD GE S -
.

I V A R OH I M E DE s
. or E TE RN A L UN I ON AT GE R A .
l

On J an u ary 1 6 1 8 03 s e v e ral re sid e n t M as on s form e d a M as on i c c l u b i n G e ra an d at t he

, , ,

c l o s e o f t h e s am e y e ar— D e ce mb e r 1 8 — t his cl u b w as d e cl are d a b ran c h e s t ablish m e n t o r

D e p u t at io n L o dge ”
o f A rchim e d e s at A l t e n bu rg un d e r t h e n am e A rc him e d e s o f E t e rn al ,

Un io n . Th at is i t cou ld o n ly act u n d e r t h e d ire ct i on s o f i t s p are n t an d i n i t s n am e mu ch

, , ,

as an ag e n t ac t s for his p ri n c ip al This s t at e o f t ut e l age p rov i n g i n c on v e n i e n t t he Lo dge

.
,

p e t i t i o n e d for i n d e p e n d e n c e an d i n t h e re sul t w as re con st i t u t e d by Lo dge A rchim e d e s (o f

,

A l t e n burg) Oct o b e r 2 5 1 8 04 , The G e rm an G ran d L o dge s h ow e ve r re fu si n g t o ack n o w

,
.
, ,

l e dge t he righ t o f on e L o dge t o co n s t i t u t e an ot h e r an d d e cl ari n g t he L odge at G e ra t o ,

b e cl an d e s t in e t he subj e ct o f t h is sk e t ch at l as t p e t i t io n e d S ch roe d e r i n H ambu rg t o gran t

,

i t an E n glish c h art e r This w as issu e d A p ril 3 0 1 8 06 . I t t h e n acce p t e d an d h as e ve r si n c e , .

,

w o rk e d t h e S ch ro e d e r o r H ambu rg R i t u al
, G e ra w as n ot i n t h e j u risdi ct i on of H ambu rg ; bu t .

G M B e ckm an n gran t e d t h e w arran t by virt u e o f his righ t t o d o so o u t sid e his dis t ri c t i n

. .

s t at e s hw e re n o G d L ge e xis t e d
ra n o d 2
A t G e ra an d H ambu rg t he L o dge w as co n sid e re d as .

d ire c t ly d e p e n d e n t o n L on d o n w hils t by t he E n glish au t h ori t i e s i t s e e ms t o h av e b e e n l on g

,

re gard e d as subj e ct t o H ambu rg This m ay acco u n t for t h e fact t h at i t o n ly re ce i v e d an.

,

E n glish n umb e r (669 ) i n 1 8 1 5 fi v e y e ars aft e r t h e P ro v G L o f H ambu rg h ad ce as e d t o e xist, . . . .

Virt u ally h ow e ve r , A rchim e d e s re t ai n e d i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce

, The p ri n ce s o f R e uss h av e .

e v e r b e e n m e mb e rs an d p at ro n s o f t his Lo dge S p e t h 3 giv e s as su ch H e n ry LI V o f R e uss . .

L ob e n st e in H e n ry L XX I I o f R e uss E b e rsd orff an d L ob e n s t e i n H e n ry L XXVI

.
-
.

o f R e uss L o b e n s t e i n
-
an d H e n ry L XV I I o f R e uss S chl e iz I n 1 8 62 t he .
-

m e mb e rship o f t his Lod ge was 1 2 1 i n 1 8 8 5 1 8 7 , .

V . K AR L o r THE WRE ATH or R UE ,

H I LDBUR GS H AUS E N .

H ildbu rgshau se n small d u chy o f S ax e M e i n i n ge n A cc ordi n g t o t he

is a t own i n t he -
.

H a n d bu ch a Lo dge E rn e st us was w arran t e d h e re by E n gl an d i n 1 7 55 w hi ch o n ly liv e d a

, ,
“
, ,

fe w y e ars N o t race o f i t is t o be fo un d i n o u r Lo dg e lis t s

. .

I n 1 7 8 7 a s e con d L o dg e 4 w as w arran t e d -Qalso fro m L o n d on t his is t he L o dge Ch arl e s o f

t h e R u e w re at h 5 bu t o u r Lo dge list s c all i t L o dge o f S t Ch arl e s N o 4 9 5
,
I t has e v e r sin c e ,
. .

w o rk e d in d e p e n d e n t ly u n d e r t he imm e di at e p ro t e ct io n o f i t s p rin c e s an d t h e n umb e r o f i t s ,

m e mb e rs i n 1 8 8 5 was 54 .

I n 1 8 8 3 — Oct ob e r 1 4—t he fi ve I n d e p e n d e n t Lo dge s ( pp 2 7 1 2 74) .

- e n t e re d in t o a Tre at y
of A lli an ce an d B on d of Un i on . Dr V i ct or C arus o f L e ipsi c is t he Pre side n t? of t his

Le agu e .

1 A llg m i se e ne H an db
gs U k d d F L A him d s 1 8 41 A st S d sh u s
u ch , a n . Ge ra ; Ve rfassun r un e er . . rc e e ,
re a, on er a en,

1 8 53 p 2 58 l q
,
. G is t h pi t l f t h p i ip li t y f R ss j i li
c se . e ra f t h pig m y i d p d t s t t s
e ca a o e r nc a o eu , u n or n e , on e o e n e en en a e

o fG m y er A g d t l is t ld f G m
an . Lib l wh w d d by p i t l v his d mi i s
oo a e o o I f s id
a er an e ra o as or e re a r n ce o ea e o n on .
, a

th f m e or y H igh ss will d ig t s d t t h t t i f y p l y sh ll m
e r, ou r ne ss t h f t i i fi
e n o a ce n o e a c o ou r a ace , ou a se e e cro e ro n er n ve

mi t s
nu e Th s t y m igh t w ll h v ppli d t R
e or e a e a e o e u se .

S th F
2
m ee M y 1 6 1 8 8 5 (N
e d Q N
re e wh t his w
ason , t is giv a t l g t h by M G W S p t h
,
. an .
, o . e re arran en a en r . . e .

R y l F
3
m s s Phil d lphi
o a 18 8 5 re e a on C ti
,
di lis t s u t il t h U i
a e a, .
4 on nue n our n e n on.

Th W 5 th f R eis p t f t h m i l b i gs t h D k s f M k l b g
re a o ue ar o e ar or a e ar n 01 e u e o ec en ur .
 E X TI N C T ( GE R M A N ) GR A N D L OD GE S 2
.
75

E XTI N C T G R A N D L OD GE S .

I . H A N OVE R .

Of al xt in ct G ran d Lo dge s o f G e rman y t his is by far t he m o st imp ort an t an d

l t he e ,

n at u rally o f m o s t i n t e re s t t o E n glish re ad e rs I sh all t h e re fo re d e v o t e a fe w p ag e s t o .

d e scribi n g i t s care e r wit h som e am o u n t of d e t ail ; i t s e qu ally d e fu n ct sist e rs w ill h ow e v e r i n , ,

e ac h cas e o n ly b e sk e t ch e d i n b road e r o u t li n e
, .

I n 1 7 4 3 —July 2 6— P ro v G M Lu t t m an n o f H ambu rg d e pu t e d S im on as Prov G M o f . . . . . .

H an o v e r b u t n o sign e xis t s t h at he e v e r displ ay e d an y act ivi t y i n t h at o ffi ce

, .

The foll o win g y e ar— J an u ary 1 9 — Li e ut e n an t aft e rw ards C ap t ain o f H ors e G re n adie rs , , ,

M e hm e t von K on igst re u was in it i at e d i n Lo dg e A bsalo m at H amburg 1 I n 1 7 46—J an u ary .

2 1 —he o b t ain e d a w arran t fro m Lu t t m an n an d on t h e 2 9 t h fo u n d e d t h e Lo dge F re d e ri ck i n ,

H an o v e r so call e d i n h on o ur o f F re de ri ck Prin ce o f Wal e s I n 1 7 53 — Ju n e 2 7 — H in i1 b e r

'

, , .

w as e l e ct e d W M an d i n 1 7 55 i n co n s e qu e n ce o f a slight di ffe re n ce o f o pin i on wi t h H amburg

. .
, ,

an d o f dis co v e rin g t h at t he L o dg e h ad n ot b e e n re gis t e re d i n E n gl an d h e m ad e u se o f his ,

busin e ss re l at i on s wit h E n gl an d t o as ce rt ain if t h e re w as an y ch an ce o f ob t ain i n g a p rovi n ci al

warran t for H an ov e r B e i n g assure d t h at i f t he Lo dg e w o uld i n di cat e s o m e sp e cial bro t h e r a
.
,

p at e n t w o uld b e fort h comin g t he L o dg e e le ct e d H in ii be r as G M —Jun e 2 5— an d —N o v e mb e r

,
. .

2 8 —he was app o in t e d G M o f all H i s M aj e s t y s G e rm an d o min i on s

’
. wit h a p ow e r [i n t h e
.
,

”
Pro vin ce ] t o ch o os e his su cce ss ors 2 The G L o dge F re d e ri ck i n H an o v e r was re gist e re d . .

as N o 2 08 b e cam e N o 1 2 2 i n 1 7 9 2 an d w as
.
,
dro pp e d ou t at t he Un i on
.
,
”

On Jun e 2 4 1 7 56 t he G ran d L o dge mad e a form al visit at io n t o t he L odge F re d e ri ck an d

, , ,

t he n e x t y e ar— Jan u ary 3 1 F re d e ri ck acce p t e d a w arran t o f con fi rm at i on fro m t he n e w

G L o f H an o v e r I n 1 7 60 a S cot s L odge
. . . K arl o f t he Purple M an t le an d in 1 7 62 — M ay ,
“
,

2 4—t he L o dge G e orge o f H an ov e r w e re fo u n d e d ,

.

I n 1 7 64 H an ov e r was forme d by Von H un d i n t o t he Pre fe ct ory C all e n b e rg un d e r “

t he S O sys t e m which at fi rs t was vigoro usly o pp o s e d by t h e G L an d i t s d augh t e rs bu t

.
,
. .
,

gradu ally ac quire d pre p on d e rat i n g i n flue n ce The las t C raft m e e t in g of t he Lo dg e F re d e ri ck .

o cc urre d J an u a ry 1 2 1 7 65 , .

S chub art arriv e d in H an o v e r Oct ob e r 1 3 1 7 66 an d co mm e n c e d his p ro p agan d a on t h e , ,

2 7t h P rin ce aft e rw ards G ran d D uk e K arl o f M e ckle n be rg S t re lit z j oi n e d t he S O i n C e lle

.
, ,
-
.
,

an d w as app o in t e d Prot e ct or o f t he dis t ri ct ; o n N o v e mb e r 2 5 t he Lo dg e s G e org e an d F re d e ri ck

diss olve d in ord e r t o re con s t it u t e t h e mse l ve s as t he S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce Lo dge o f t he Whit e “

H ors e an d t hus t he G L of H an o v e r c e as e d t o e xist

,
As a con s e qu e n ce w e fi n d t h at i n 1 7 7 3
. . .

H an o v e r w as m ad e a n e u t ral t e rrit ory op e n alik e t o t he G L o f E n gl an d an d t h e N at i on al , . .

Gran d Lo dg e o f Prussi a at B e rlin 4 .

Zin n e n d orff who imm e di at e ly i n vad e d t h e dis t ri ct m e t w it h re m ark abl e su cc e ss

,
I n 1 774 ,
.

he e st ablish e d a L odge o f t he G olde n C o mp ass e s at G ot t i n g e n ; i n t h e s am e ye ar t his “

hild i C di d i g t h V tia W s P i
.

1
H i s fat h
h m t h d b t k p is
e r, Maf w o e , a e en a en r o ne r o ar as a c n an a ur n e e ne n ar . r n ce

M xi m ili
a fH v b gh t hi m h m d h d hi m b pt iz d L is M x M h m t H w su bs q t ly
an o an o e r rou bl d o e an a a e ou a . e e . e as e ue n e nno e ,

app i t d G t l m f t h B d h mb t Ki g Ge g d di d t K si gt P l 1 7 2 6
o n e en e an o e e c a er o n o r e , an e a en n on a ace , .

C st i t t i s 1 7 56 p 3 3 3
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VOL . 111 . 2 N
 2 76 E X TI N C T ( GE RM AN ) GR A N D L OD GE S .

Lo dg e w arran t e d t he Black B e ar i n H an o v e r an d t he C ro co dil e i n H arbu rg an d i n 1 7 7 5

“
, ,

a L o dg e i n Li i n e b u rg w h ils t i n 1 7 7 7 t h e N at i o n al G ran d Lo dge c o n s t i t u t e d t h e C e d ar i n “

H an o v e r an d a Lo dge i n S t ad e an d i n 1 7 7 8 on e i nH am e l n
, ,
.

Me an while t h e F rat e rn it y had fou n d t h e ms e lve s dis app o i n t e d i n t he S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce an d ,

t o o k n o i n t e re s t i n Lo dg e m at t e rs so mu ch so t h at t he Whi t e H ors e did n ot m e e t b e t we e n

,

1 7 7 5 an d 1 77 8 Th e P ro t e ct o r G ran d D uk e K arl t o re m e dy t his s t at e o f affai rs ce as e d

.
, , ,

w o rki n g t he S O R i t e gradually al t e re d t h e ri t u al o f t he fi rs t t h re e d e gre e s an d w it h o u t

.
, ,

form ally re n o u n ci n g t he Te mpl ar con n e ct i on p ract i cally re viv e d t he e x t in ct G ran d L odge by ,

c on v e rt i n g t he S c o t s Lo dg e K arl o f t he Purple M an t l e i n t o a D ire ct oral Lo dg e o ve r all

“

Lod ge s of t he S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce i n H i s Maj e st y s d o mi n i on s i n B ru n swi c k Lu n e b e rg an d ’

, ,

H an o v e r A ft e r t he Wi lhe lm sbad C o n v e n t o f 1 7 8 2 the F rat e rni t y i n t h e s e lan ds d e cli n e d t o

.

ac c e p t t h e re c t ifi e d sys t e m an d c almly con t i n u e d i n t h e i r o wn w ay ,

S o me fe w o f t h e .

Z i n n e n d orff Lo dg e s m o re e sp e c i ally t he ,
Black B e ar at t his t im e e n t e re d i n t o m ore or l e ss ,

i n t imat e re lat ion s wit h t he Lo dge s u n d e r t he G ran d D uk e 1 .

’
I n 1 7 8 6 t his Prin ce b e i n g i n E n gl an d p roc ure d w it h C ol G rae fe s assis t an ce t he re i n s t at e , , .
,

2
m e n t o f t he P ro v G L o f t he E le c o at e t .r o f H. an o v e r an d B ri t ish D o mi n i o n s i n G e rm an y
.
,

t og e t h e r wi t h a w arran t u n d e r t he N o 4 8 6 for t h e form e r Zi n n e n d o rff Lo dge o f t he Black .

B e ar . The L odge Whi t e H ors e t h e n p re fix e d i t s form e r n am e an d b e cam e F re d e ri ck o f ,

“

t he Whi t e H o rs e an d N o v e mb e r 2 8 t his L o dg e an d t he
, ,
Bl ack B e ar j o i n e d i n re e s t ablish ,
-

i n g t he Pro vi n c i al G ran d L odg e A R oy al A rch Ch ap t e r was als o add e d by G rae fe bu t w as

.
,

v e ry sh ort liv e d 3 .

The dis t ri ct w as h ow e v e r in v ad e d i n 1 7 8 6 by t he E cl e ct i c Un i on at H oy a an d i n 1 7 9 2
, , ,

by t he N at i on al G ran d L odge o f G e rm an y at Os t e ro d e .

I n 1 7 9 6 n e w s t at u t e s w e re e n act e d i n con s o n an ce w it h t he n e w arran g e m e n t s of whi c h ,

t he chi e f faul t was t he n on admissi o n o f J e wish can did at e s - .

I n 1 7 9 1 t he Pro vin ci al Gran d L o dg e con st it u t e d n e w L o d ge s i n Mu n d e n an d E in b e ck .

I n 1 7 9 9 F e ssl e r visit e d H an o v e r an d w as e n t husi as t i cally re ce ive d as was S ch ro e d e r i n 1 8 00

, , .

The imm e di at e re sul t o f t h e s e visi t s was a c l o s e r b o n d o f u n i o n b e t w e e n t he G ran d Lo dge

R oy al Y o rk an d t h e P ro vin ci al Gran d L o dge s o f H an o v e r an d H ambu rg 4 Bu t o f s t ill .

gre at e r imp ort an ce was t he con s e qu e n t ad o p t i on by Lo dge F re d e ri c k — A ugust 1 0 1 8 01 ,

o f t he S ch roe d e r R i t u al an d t he e x ampl e w as s oo n fo ll o w e d by t h e P ro vin c i al Gran d Lo dge

,

an d al li t s d augh t e rs This o p e n e d t he door t o can did at e s o f t he J e w ish p e rsu asio n

. .

A t ro ubl o us t im e n ow aw ai t e d t he F rat e rn i t y i n H an ov e r : i n 1 8 03 t he F re n ch t roo ps e n t e re d

i n t o po sse ssion of t he cou n t ry an d i n 1 8 06 w e re re place d by t he Prussian s Me an whil e t he, .

Lod g e s on ly m e t wh e n abs olu t e ly n e ce ssary bu t i t is w ort hy of n ot e t h at t h e y ye t m an age d ,

s e cre t ly t o ce le brat e t he birt hd ay of Ki n g Ge org e I n 1 8 06 t he G ran d L odge o f t he Thre e .

Glob e s co n st it ut e d a Lo dge at Osn abru c k I n 1 8 07 t he Lodge s summ on e d c o urage t o .

re sum e w o rk ; i n 1 8 08 n e w s t at u t e s w e re p ro mulg at e d ; i n 1 8 09 t he Pro vi n c ial Gran d L o d g e

w arran t e d a L odg e i n Lu n e bu rg an d t h at o f t he Thre e Globe s an ot h e r i n G oslar; an d i n 1 8 1 0,

1
Go v v f Ki g G g I II Cf t p 1 05 t q
e rn or o f H ano e r or n e or e . . an e , . e se

3 Th p t t g
e t d t P i Ch l s f M kl b g S t lit z b d t J ly 5 1 7 8 6 (G L R o ds)
a en ran e o r n ce ar e o ec en ur -
re ,
ore a e u , . . ec r .

3 This d g pp s v t hav h d y t t t i s f G m s i spi t i — p ssibly wi g t —i t si mili t d

e re e a e ar ne er o e a an a rac on or er an ,
n e o or o o n o s u e

t o t he F h S ts M t d g
re n c co as e r e re e .

P t p 282
os , . .
 E X TI N C T ( GE RMAN) GR A N D L OD GE S . 2 77

v b m i t g l p a r t o f t h e sh o rt liv e d ki n gd o m o f We st ph ali a T he G ran d -

H an o e r e c a e an n e ra

L o dge o f t h at kin gd o m 1 w as h o we v e r so t o le ran t t h at t he Lo dg e s w e re n ot comp e lle d t o

, ,

giv e i n t h e ir adh e si on an d alt h o ugh s o m e fe w Ha n ov e ri an L odge s j o in e d i t t he Provi n ci al

,
,

G ran d L odg e re t ai n e d i t s s e p arat e e xist e n ce as did m o s t o f i t s d augh t e rs ,

.

I n 1 8 1 3 — N o v e mb e r 3 0— E rn e s t A ugus t u s D uk e o f Cumb e rl an d fi ft h son of G e org e I I I , , .

,

Visit e d t h e L odge F re d e ri ck o f t he Whit e H ors e an d at t h e e n suin g ban qu e t praye d

“
,

admissi on as an act iv e m e mb e r I t is n e e dl e ss t o say t h at t h e re qu e st w as j o yfully gran t e d

.
.

Th e e v e n t s of 1 8 1 4-1 5 rais e d t he E l e ct orat e o f H an o v e r t o t h e ran k of a kin gd om b e sid e s ,

c on sid e rably e n l argi n g i t s b ou n d ari e s I n 1 8 1 5 t h e P ro vi n ci al G ran d L o dge co n s t it ut e d a

.

Lo dge i n N i e n burg an d affi li at e d t he o n e warran t e d i n C e ll e by H amburg i n t he pre vi ous

,

y e ar I t also re ce iv e d t he adh e si on o f a L o dg e i n G ot t in g e n whi ch had b e e n e re ct e d by t he

'

Gran d L o dge of We st ph alia an d s e v e ral o f i t s d augh t e rs who had j oi n e d t h at b o dy n ow

,
“

re t u rn e d t o t h e n at i on al fo ld .

K arl G ran d D uk e o f M e ckl e n bu rg di e d N o v e mb e r 6 1 8 1 6 an d was su cc e e d e d as Pro v

, , , ,
.

G M by C o un t L F v on K i lm an se gge wh o s e app o i n t m e n t is fi rs t n ot i ce d i n t he F re e m ason s

. . . . ,

Ca le n d ar for 1 8 2 2 I n t he s am e publi cat i o n t h e L o dge F re d e ri ck o f t h e Whit e H ors e

.
, , ,

re appe ars as N o an d e l e v e n o t h e r G e rm an L o dg e s
.
— N os 7 3 4 F ran k fort ; 7 3 5 N u re m .
, ,

b e rg ; 7 3 6 44 H an o e v- r — a
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r e a d d e d t o t h e ro ll 2
Gradu ally h o w e v e r a fe e li n g aro s e t h at t he .
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Gran d L o dg e sh o uld d e clare i t s in d e p e n d e n ce I n co n s e qu e n ce — N o v e mb e r 1 1 8 2 8 —t he .

,

D uk e o f Cumb e rl an d p rocl aim e d t h e au t on o my o f t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f t he Kin gd om o f

H an ov e r an d w as hi ms e lf e l e ct e d i t s fi rs t G M
,
. .

The y e ar 1 8 2 8 saw t he acce ssi on o f t h e L odge at H ilde sh e im D oo r t o V irt u e N o 3 1 2 , , .

,
'

w arran t e d by E n gl an d D e ce mb e r 2 7 1 7 62 an d n e w L o dge s w e re con st it ut e d at S t ad e 1 8 45

, , ,

at K ass e l 1 8 4 9 an d at K l au e n t h al 1 8 51
,
N e w s t at u t e s had b e e n p ass e d J an u ary 2 2 1 8 3 9
.
, .

A t t he d e at h o f Wil li am I V i n 1 8 3 7 H an o v e r b e cam e an in d e p e n d e n t ki n gdo m an d

.
, ,

t he D uk e o f Cumb e rl an d G M , su cce e d e d t o t h e v acan t t h ron e , . . H e di e d i n 1 8 51 an d .

,

w as foll ow e d by his son G e o rg e I n 1 8 52 — M arc h 1 9 — al t h o ugh n ot a M as on Ki n g

, ,

G e orge V assum e d t he p at ron age of t h e C raft an d i n 1 8 57 cau s e d hi ms e l f to b e i n it i at e d i n

.
,

t he
“
Bl ack B e ar as t h e re p re s e n t at iv e o f all t he ot h e r L o dg e s i n t he kin gd om b e comi n g
, ,

t h e re by an act ive m e mb e r o f e ach o n e o f t h e m .

V on H at t orf h ad b e e n e le ct e d G M i n 1 8 51 an d at his d e at h July 2 9 1 8 54 w as su c . .

, , , ,

c e e d e d by C o u n t B e n t i n ck F e b ru ary 1 1 8 55 I n 1 8 57 h o w e ve r t he Kin g e xp re ss e d hi s
, ,
.
, ,

in t e n t ion o f assum in g t h e Gran d M ast e rship up on t he con di t ion t h at t he H an o v e ri an L o dge s

u n d e r fore ign j urisdict i on s sh o uld j o in t he Gran d L o dg e of H an o v e r an d t h at t he s t at u t e s ,

sh ould be so al t e re d as t o e x clud e J e w s fro m i n it i at i on The lat t e r con dit ion was s orrow fu lly .

c o mpli e d wi t h ; t h e form e r w as o nly o pp o s e d by t he Zi n n e n d o rff L o dg e e re ct e d at S t ad e i n

1 7 7 7 w hi ch pre fe rre d diss o lut i o n

, .

I n t h e fo ll o win g y e ars n e w L o dge s w e re co n s t i t ut e d— 1 8 57 at Ve rd e n ; 1 8 58 H arburg ; , ,

1 8 59 L e e r ; 1 8 60 Ulz e n
,
I n 1 8 61 t he n umb e r o f L o dge s was 2 2 wit h 2 1 8 7 m e mb e rs
, . Th e , .

last Lodge was w arran t e d i n 1 8 63 at H am e ln .

I n t h e A us t ro -Prussi an con fli ct o f 1 8 66 H an ov e r un fort u n at e ly e sp ous e d t he lo si n g sid e an d ,

1 P ost, p . 2 81 .

2
All u n d er t he y e ar 18 2 1 . . N os 662 .
—t he T h re e Ma ll t s
b g
e , N au m er 669 —A rc hi m d s G e e , e ra ; 67 1 —t he T h re e

A rrow s , N u re m b g—w
er e re pl d ace o n ou r ro ll i n 18 15 an d 68 4—t h N s e a ce n t Dawn , F k f t —i
ran or n 18 1 7 .
2 78 E X TI N C T ( G E R M A N ) GR A N D L OD G E S .

su ffe re d by an n e x at i on t o P russi a N o w i n asmu ch as t h e e di ct o f 1 7 9 8 on ly ackn o wle dge s

.
,

t h re e G ran d L o dg e s i n P russi a an d n o o t h e r Lo dg e s b u t t h o s e d e p e n d e n t u p on t h e s e t h re e
, ,

e x t i n ct i on s t are d t h e G ran d L o d g e o f H an ov e r i n t h e face N e v e rt h e l e ss had i t at o n ce appli e d .

for p e rmissi on t o ran k as a fo u rt h G ran d L o dg e an d had t h e G M hims e l f re sign e d t h e re is ,

. .
,

re as on t o b e li e v e t h at t h e p ray e r migh t h av e b e e n gran t e d H ambu rg an d F ran k fort are n o w .

P russi an bu t t he e di ct o f 1 7 9 8 was n ot e n force d i n t h e ir c ase i n 1 8 7 0 Bu t re sign at i on form e d

, .

n o p art o f t h e l at e Ki n g s i n t e n t i on s t h e re is e v e ry caus e t o conj e c t ure t h at on t h e co n t rary

’

, ,

t h e p o sit ion o f G M e n t e re d in t o hi s p oli t i cal c al cul at i o n s

. . L e t us n o t h e e dl e ssly s t igm at is e .

t h e act io n o f P russi a as t y ran n i cal an d u n c all e d fo r b u t rat h e r le t us t ry t o i m agi n e how—i n ,

o u r o wn co u n t ry—t he cas e w o uld h av e b e e n d e al t w i t h had t he y o u n g Pre t e n d e r b e e n at t he ,

h e ad o f a B ri t ish G ran d Lo d g e i n 1 7 4 6
The D e pu t y G M K rug e r e n d e av o u re d t o ge t H an o v e r co n s t it ut e d a fo u rt h G ran d L o dge
. .
, , .

Ki n g G e org e t h e re up on t ri e d t o imp e ach him i n G ran d L odg e —by whi ch b o dy re s olut i on s

w e re p ass e d— D e ce mb e r 8 —app ro vi n g t h e s t e p t ak e n by t he D e put y b u t s e t t in g a l i mi t t o his ,

fu t ure act ivi t y K rii ge r re sign e d as did his su cce ss or Bo d e k e r

. The Ki n g t h e n app o in t e d
, , .

Bok e lbe rg On A p ril 1 7 1 8 67 t he G ran d Lo dg e re s olv e d t o p e t i t i on t he Ki n g t o re t i re

.
, , ,

up o n w hi ch his ag e n t t he D e pu t y G M Bok e lbe rg re sig n e d ,

The G ran d L o dge t h e n t ook . .
, .

m at t e rs i n t o i t s o w n h an ds an d — Jun e 6— 1 7 L o dg e s e le ct e d Kruge r G M ,
Bu t i t w as t oo . .

lat e On S e p t e mb e r 3 0 t he Min ist e r o f Jus t i ce an d of t he I n t e rior clo s e d t h e G ran d Lo dg e

.

o f H an o v e r by virt u e o f t h e e di ct o f 1 7 9 8 an d n o t hi n g re m ai n e d for t h e sub ordi n at e L o dg e s ,

b u t t o ch oo s e t h e ir n e w sup e ri ors V e lz e n G o slar an d Os n ab ru c k j o i n e d t he Th re e Glob e s ;

.
, ,

Bu ck e bu rg t h e Gran d L o dge o f H amburg ; Wals ro d e diss o lv e d ; C e d ar i n H an o v e r j o i n e d

, , ,

t h e N at ion al G ran d L o dge ; t he o t h e r 1 7 Lo dg e s affili at e d w it h t he G ran d Lo dge R oy al Y ork ,

an d w e re o f m at e ri al w e igh t i n c arr yin g t he m ore lib e ral c on st it ut i on s o f t h at Gran d Lo dge i n

II . M OTHE R L ODGE - or S iL E srA IN G LOGAU .

This was G ran d Lo dge u n d e r t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce On M ay 2 0 1 7 65 Von H u n d con

a .
, ,

st i t u t e d a Mot h e r L o dge at N i st i z wit h t he n am e o f C e l e s t ial S ph e re o f Go ld

- I t w as,
“
.

re m o ve d i n 1 7 7 2 t o G ro ss Os t e n an d w arran t e d i n 1 7 7 2 a L o dg e at Gl o gau- I n 1 7 7 9 t he
,
.

Mot h e r Lo dg e re m o v e d t o Glog au as t h e Gran d Lo dge of S ile si a I t con st it ut e d s o m e ot h e r

- .

L o dge s b u t b ot h t he Gran d Lo dg e an d i t s d aught e rs c lo se d on Ju n e 2 4 1 7 9 4 aft e r t he

, , ,

d own fall of t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce an d t he d e at h o f D uk e F e rdi n an d o f Brun swi ck .

III . M OTHE R L ODGE - F OR THE PR OVIN CE S o r E A S T AND WE S T P R US S I A A ND LI TH UAN I A

AT K ON I GS BE R G .

This al o s w as a S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce

G ran d L o dge The o ld e s t Lo dge i n K o n igsb e rg t he . ,

Thre e A n ch ors was con s t it ut e d S e p t e mb e r 1 2 1 7 46 diss o lv e d i n 1 7 60 an d i mm e diat e ly

, , , ,

re con s t it ut e d by t h e Thre e Gl ob e s Ju n e 1 0 1 7 60 as t he Th re e C ro w n s ,
”
I n 1 7 69 i t j o in e d
, ,
.

t he S t rict Obs e rv an ce an d w as rais e d t o t h e ran k o f a Provi n ci al Gran d L o dge as ab o v e i n

, , ,

w hi c h cap ac i t y i t w arran t e d s e ve ral Lo dg e s I n con s e qu e n ce o f t h e Prussi an E dict o f 1 7 9 8.

A n te p 2 65 A u t h ori t i e s con su l t e d z—F o r t h e g e n e ral hist ory—N e u e s t e Z e it s ch ri ft fu r F re i mau re re i R R

'

1 , . .
. .
,

F is c h e r A l t e n b u rg 1 8 3 8 pp 1 61 e t se q Ge s chi ch t e d e r G an d V F r L oge F ri e d ri ch z u m We i sse n pfe rd e F r Voigt s , . .

n g s ce n e s —
. . .
. .
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H an o e r 1 8 6 , 4 an d A llg e m e i ne s H an db u c h s x v H an n o v e r M e h m e t e t c e t c F o r
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,
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vol xxvi , 18 6
. . 8 p 2 1 7 e t se q, . an d M i t t h e i lu n g e n au s d e m Ve re in De ut s ch e r F re i m au re r F i n d e l L e ipsi
.
c 1 8 64
, , , .
 2 80 E X TI N C T ( GE RM AN) GR A N D L OD GE S .

a pp oin t e d by gl an d P rov G M o f B ru n s wi ck 1 Bu t wh ilst t he w arran t was on t he road

E n . . . .
,

Le st wi t z an d t h e Lo dg e had b o t h d e s e rt e d t o t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce so t h at t h e P ro vi n ci al ,

G ran d L o dge w as n e v e r e re ct e d A min ori t y of t h e L o dg e h o w e v e r con t in u e d t he old Lo dge .

, ,

J on at h an ; an d i n t he s am e y e ar Le B oe uf i n his qu ali t y o f a S co t s M ast e r e s t ablish e d a , , ,

F re n c h L o dg e Th e s e t h re e qu arre ll e d so t h at t h e D uk e F e rdi n an d o f B run swi c k cl o s e d t h e m

.
,

al l an d fou n d e d t w o n e w o n e s o n e w orki n g i n F re n ch as a M ot h e r L o dg e S t Charl e s of

,
-
,

” ”
C on cord an d a G e rm an L o dg e Jon at h an
,
This he did by virt u e o f a P ro vin c ial p at e n t .

gran t e d t o him by E n glan d July 5 1 7 68 The L o dg e s w e re c o n st i t ut e d on Oct ob e r 1 0 an d 1 1

, , .
,

1 770 .Bu t b e fore t he e n d o f t h e y e ar F e rdi n an d h ad sign e d t he A ct o f S t rict Obs e rv an ce ,

?
an d t h at was t h e e n d o f t h e s e c on d P ro vi n ci al Gran d L o dg e o f B run s w i ck S t Ch arl e s o f
C on cord w as g ran t e d a place i n t h e E n gli sh re gis t ry as N o 4 00 i n 1 7 7 0 an d con t in u e d .
,

o n t h e ro l l u n t il 1 8 1 3 (as N o 2 59 ) —on e o f m an y proofs t h at t h e G ran d L odg e o f E n gl an d

.

k n e w li t t le an d care d l e ss con c e rn i n g fore ig n affai rs .

UN I ON
’
VI . B ODE S OF G E R M AN F RE E M AS ONS .

I n 1 78 8—March 1 —t h e D ire ct oral L o dge o f t he E cl e ct i c Un ion at F ran k fort re sum e d i t s

form e r p o sit i o n as a P ro v G L u n d e r E n gl an d This s e e ms t o h ave give n umbrag e t o t he
. . . .

C omp ass L o dge i n G ot h a wh o fe are d o r p re t e n d e d t o fe ar t h at t he p e rfe ct e qu alit y am on g

, ,

t he E cl e ct ic L o dge s wo uld b e vi ol at e d Th e ir chi e f advis e r w as B o d e A s h e w as a con ve rt . .

t o t he I llu mi n at i an d F ran k fo rt h ad d e cl are d i t s e l f adv e rs e t o t h at s e ct t his c irc umst an ce

, ,

m ay h av e als o co n t ribu t e d t o t h e e n sui n g e v e n t s C e rt ai n i t is t h at t h e G o t h a Lo dg e issu e d .

a c ircul ar t o al l G e rm an L o dg e s— N o v e mb e r 2 4 1 7 9 0— sig n e d by n i n e M as t e rs act in g u n d e r ,

t he advi ce o f a highly in s t ru ct e d M as o n — B o d e — calli n g up on all L o dge s t o ai d i n formin g

a ge n e ral Un i o n o f G e rm an L o dg e s o n t h e re al E c l e c t i c pri n c ipl e s The G o t h a L o dg e was .

3
s
e ra e d an d
,
t h at o f t h e T h re e A rro ws at N u r e m b e rg t oo k i t s p art so w armly as t o p ro v o k e
a lik e re sult Th e s e w e re t h e o nly t wo E cl e ct i c L o dg e s t h at j o in e d B o d e s Un ion w hi ch
’
.
,

in all n e v e r n umb e re d m o re t h an t e n L o dg e s B o d e di e d i n 1 7 9 3 an d wit h him t he pro .

,

je ct e d u ni on an d Gran d L o dg e aft e r a p re cari o us e xis t e n ce o f t h re e y e ars The m ov e m e n t .

is o f i n t e re st as t h e l ast e ffort o f a m an w ho was m ad e a H ambu rg M as on i n 1 7 61 dubb e d a

, ,

Te mpl ar K n igh t i n 1 7 64 wh o i n 1 7 8 2 first t o o k up t h e id e a t h at t he J e suit s w e re at t he

,

b ot t o m of all t he high d e gre e s an d fin ish e d by j o in in g t he I llumi n at i , .

VI I . G R AND OR I E N T or B ADE N AT M A N N HE I M .

I n 1 778 M an n h e im b e lon g e d t o B avaria an d t he L o dge K arl o f Un i t y was con st it ut e d ,

i n t h at c i t y— N o v e mb e r 2 8 — by t h e G L R o y al Y ork I n 1 7 8 3 i t j oi n e d t he E cl e ct i c Un i on . . .
,

an d i n 1 7 8 5 w as c l o s e d t og e t h e r w i t h al
l o t h e r B av ari an L o dg e s 4 I n 1 8 0 3 M an n h e im was .

m ad e o v e r t o t he G ran d D u chy of B ad e n an d i n 1 8 05 t he Lo dg e re o p e n e d u n d e r K arl von ,

D alb e rg 5 I n 1 8 06 i t re ce iv e d a w arran t fro m t he G O o f F ran ce acc e p t e d t he m o d e rn F re n ch

. .
,

1
s i i s 1 7 67 p 3 65 ; P st 1 8 1 2 p 2 61
Con t t u t on , , . re on , , . .

2 I t is t lik ly t h t E gl d
no un t l s t D Vig ll s
e t ib t d t
a n an , or a ea e no e , con r u e o th is su ltre ? S e e t he l e t t e r of De ce m b er

28, 1 770 f m t h P v G M f
,
ro fe ig L dg s ( t Ch p XI X p 459
ro . . . or o re n o e an e , a . .
, .
, n ot e

3
B m N e ca 67 1 E g li h i 1 8 1 5
e o. d g i E l ti i 1 8 2 3 ( t p
n s ,
n an a a n c ec c n an e , .

“
A t pp 1 2 3 2 66
n e, .
, .I bi d p 2 36 5
.
, . .
 E X TI N C T ( GE RMAN) GR A N D L OD GE S . 2 8 1

R it e , an d c h an ge d it s m e t o Ch arle s
na
“
of C on cord I t s Ch ap t e r t h e n d e cl are d i t s e l f a
.

G ran d Ori e n t for t he D uchy o f B ad e n an d , w as ack n owl e dge d as su ch by F ran ce o n Jun e 2 5 ,

1 8 07 .

I n 1 8 08 i t was j oi n e d by t he Lo dg e K arl o f G oo d H op e H e id e lbe rg w arran t e d i n “

, ,

1 8 07 by t he G L o f R at isb o n — W hi c h i t d e s e rt e d b u t re j o i n e d i n t he s am e y e ar
. . In , , .

1 8 09 i t con s t it ut e d t h e L o dg e s Te mpl e o f P at rio t i c Ligh t at B ru chs al an d K arl an d

“
,

S t e ph an i e at M an n h e im ; so t h at i n all t h e G O e x t e n d e d i t s j urisdi c t i o n o v e r t h re e L o dge s . .

I t s G ran d Mas t e r was K arl Prin ce o f Y se n bu rg The G ran d D u k e K arl F ri e d rich b e in g

, .
, ,

d e ad his su cce ss or K arl Ludwig F ri e d ri ch issu e d— F e b ru ary 1 6 1 8 1 3 an d M arch 7 1 8 1 4

, , , , , ,

d e cre e s suppre ssin g s e cre t s oc i e t i e s an d w it h t h e m F re e mas on ry t hro ugh o ut his d o min ion s
,
.

All Lo dg e s i n B ad e n t h e n c lo s e d an d t he C raft w as n o t allo w e d t o re ass e rt it s e l f u n t il 1 8 4 5 ;

,

bu t t h e re is n o l o n ge r a G ran d Lo dg e for B ad e n t h e Lo dge s b e i n g p re t t y e qu ally divid e d ,

b e t we e n t he S u n an d t he E cle ct i c Un i on .

VI I I . G RAN D N A TI ONA L UN I ON or B ADE N L OD GE S AT C ARL S RUHE .

Thi s Uni on w as mp orary wi t h t he fore go i n g The K arl of Un it y at C arlsruh e was

con t e .
“

w arran t e d by t he E cl e ct i c Un i on i n 1 7 8 6 c lo se d durin g t he R e vo lu t i on fro m 1 7 9 1 o n wards , ,

an d re op e n e d i n 1 8 08 The L o dg e N o bl e P ro sp e ct at F re ibu rg w as w arran t e d by t h e

“
.

P ro v G L o f A ust ri a at Vi e n n a i n 1 7 8 4 j o i n e d t h e E cle ct i c Un i on i n 1 7 8 5 an d was also

. . .
, ,

d orm an t fro m 1 7 9 3 t o 1 8 08 Th e K arl o f G oo d H o p e at H e id e lb e rg w as w arran t e d by

.
“

R at isbo n i n 1 8 07 j o i n e d t he G O o f B ad e n 1 8 08 an d re j o i n e d R at isb o n t h e s am e y e ar
, .
, .

The s e t hre e L odge s— M ay 2 3 1 8 09 — e re c t e d t he G ran d N at io n al Un ion o f Lo dg e s t o be

, ,
.

g ov e rn e d n ot by a Gran d bu t by a D ire ct oral L o dge t he Lo dge e x e rc isi n g t hi s fun ct ion t o

, , ,

ch an ge e v e ry t h re e y e ars Lodg e s of e ac h an d e v e ry ri t u al w e re e ligibl e for t h e Un ion e x ce p t

.
,

t h o s e w o rk i n g t he F re n ch M o d e rn R it e — whi c h w as ce d e d t o t he G ran d Ori e n t o f B ade n .

Th e s e t wo G ran d B o di e s s ubsis t e d sid e by sid e i n p e rfe ct ami t y The H e id e lb e rg Lo dg e .

t hre w o ff a sh oo t i n 1 8 09 whi c h w as c on s t i t ut e d by t he E cl e ct i c Un io n an d j o in e d t he
, ,

B ad e n Un ion wit h o u t app are n t ly d e s e rt in g F ran k fo rt I n lik e m an n e r t he origi n al H e id e l

'

b e rg Lo dge app e ars t o h av e b e lon ge d t o t he R at isb on G L an d t he B ad e n Un i on I n 1 8 09 . . .

t he Bru chs al L o dge als o j o in e d i t wit h o ut d e s e rt in g i t s G ran d Ori e n t an d t he re is a furt h e r ,

t h o ugh s o m e w h at un d e fin e d allusi on t o a Min e rva Lo dg e at M ann h e im I t s Gran d Mas t e rs .

w e re su cce ssiv e ly K F S chilli n g v on C anst ad t an d H e m e lin g The di re ct ory re m ai n e d at

. .
, .

C arlsru h e un t il July 1 1 8 1 2 wh e n i t was re m o v e d t o F re iburg bu t i n 1 8 1 3 1 4 t he s ame

, , ,
-

fat e of c o urs e o ve rt ook t hi s Un i on whi ch cru sh e d t he G ran d Ori e n t of B ad e n 1 , .

IX . GRAND OR nI NT or WE S TPHA LI A IN CA S S E L .

An E n glish P ro vi n ci al G ran d M a s t e r d e s crib e d in t h e C on s t i t u t i o n s 2

as G e org e A ugust us
,
“
,

B aron o f H amm e rst e in was app o in t e d by E arl F e rre rs— 1 7 62 64— for We s t ph alia bu t he do e s
,
-
,

n ot app e ar t o h av e e x e rt e d hims e l f t o an y pu rp o s e for n o t hin g m ore is k n o w n o f him , .

I n t h e e le ct orat e o f H e ss e C ass e l t he firs t L o dge was con s t it ut e d at M arbn rg i n 1 7 43 an d

-
,

1 igi n f t h s B d G d Lodg s is w ll t ld by J
The or o e e a en ran e e o . H Bu rm an n ( M aure r A rc
. hiv .
, M an n h ime , wh o

was ahigh ffi i l f t h G d O i t f B d
o c a o e ran ren o a e n.

1
E di t i 1 7 67 p 3 65
on A m gi l t (M S ) i t h
. ffi . ar na no e n e o ce co py p e s e ve d i
r r n t he lib y rar of t he G . L . of En gl dan ,

run s d t k w f L dg
on
’
no o a o e.
2 82 O TH E R ( GE RMAN ) M A S ON I C UN I ON S .

ot h e rs s oon followe d The S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce i n d u e co urs e s w amp e d t h e C raft an d o n i t s

.
,

subsid e n c e t he pre p on d e rat i n g i n flu e n ce was t h at o f t he G L R oy al Y ork I n 1 7 9 4 h o w e v e r . . .

, ,

t he E l e ct o r s u pp re ss e d all t h e L o dg e s i n his d o mi n i o n s .

I n 1 8 0 7 t he E le c t orat e an d t he c i t y o f C ass e l b e cam e t he c e n t re o f N ap ol e on s ki n gd o m o f ’

We s t ph alia at t he h e ad o f whi ch h e pl ace d his bro t h e r J é rom e

, .

The fi rs t Lo dge t o re viv e F re d e rick o f F ri e n dship t o o k t he n am e o f J ero m e N ap ol e on

, ,
“

o f F i d e li t y an d i n o rd e r t o av o id falli n g u n d e r a F re n c h j urisdi ct i on
, e re ct e d a G ran d Ori e n t ,

o f t h e Ki n gd o m o f We s t ph ali a F e b ru ary 1 0 1 8 08 This was d on e at t he i n s t igat i o n o f C o u n t

, ,
.

S im eo n J éro m e s c hi e f mi ni s t e r hims e l f an assis t an t G M o f t he G O o f F ran ce The ki n g

’
. .
, , . .

w as G M . an d S i m é o n his d e pu t y ; b u t al
.
, l t he o t h e r o ffi ce rs w e re G e rm an s The u t m o s t .

t o l e rat io n p re v ail e d as I h av e alre ady h ad o ccasi o n t o re m ark an d L o dg e s u n d e r o t h e r j uris

, ,

dict i on s w e re n ot co mp e ll e d t o affili at e ; an y ri t u al w as p e rmi t t e d an d Lo dg e s e nj oye d ,

co mpl e t e fre e d o m fro m i n t e rfe re n ce i n t h e i r p riv at e affairs Th re e n e w L o dg e s app e ar t o h ave .

b e e n co n st it u t e d i n C ass e l (1 8 08 an d t he follo wi n g j o i n e d z— M u n d e n A l fe ld H ild e sh e im , , ,

E i n b e ck G o sl ar Os t e ro de H e il
,
i ge n s t ad t E s ch w e g e GOt t i n ge n N o rdh aus e n C e ll e Marburg
, , , , , , , ,

H an o v e r (a n e w F re n c h on e ) H e lms t e d t Magd e bu rg e t c , I n 1 8 1 3 t he kin gd o m o f We st

, , .

ph ali a dis app e are d an d Wi t h i t t h e Gran d Orie n t

, .

X . G R AN D L ODGE or H E S S E - C AS S E L IN C AS S E L .

The E l e ct or h a vi n g b e e n re s t ore d t he old e dict o f 1 7 9 4 supp re ssin g t he C raft w as re viv e d

,
.

V on Bard e le b e n su cce e d e d i n o b t ai n i n g a re p e al o f t his o b n o xio us d e cre e bu t o n ly o n t h e ,

c o n di t i on t h at t h e L o dge s w o uld submi t t o t h e G L R o y al Y ork u n d e r an i n t e rm e di at e P ro v . .

, .

G L o f t he E l e ct orat e wi t h Bard e le b e n as t h e Prov G M

. .
,
A ccordin gly t wo L o dge s at C ass e l . . .

an d o n e at E s c hw e g e co n s t i t u t e d — M ay 2 6 1 8 1 4—t h e Pro v G L d e si re d by t h e E l e c t or an d ,
. . .
,

place d t h e ms e lv e s u n d e r t he R oyal Y ork o f B e rlin I n 1 8 1 7 h owe v e r t his P ro v G L .

, ,
.

d e clare d i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce u n d e r t he t i t l e o f M ot h e r G ran d L o dg e of t he E le ct orat e of H e ss e ,

an d t he E l e ct o r Willi am I I o n his acc e ssi o n p ro mis e d i t his p ro t e ct i on

. B e sid e s t he t h re e .

al re ady m e n t i o n e d t he follo wi n g at M arbu rg R in t e l n

,
H an an Zi e g e n h ai n H e rs fe ld N e ut e rs , , , , ,

h ause n ; i n all n in e L odg e s form e d p art o f t his j urisdi ct i on Bu t o n July 1 9 1 8 2 4 an e d ict

, .
, ,

o f t h e E l e ct o r o n ce m o re supp re ss e d an d i n t e rdi ct e d t he L o dge s an d i n spi t e o f al l p e t i t i on s ,

t o t h e con t rary t h e y re m ai n e d forbidd e n an d c l o s e d u n t il t he e v e n t s o f 1 8 66 caus e d t he

,

E l e ct orat e t o b e i n corp orat e d wit h P ru ssi a .

OTH E R M A S ON I C UN I ON S N OT CLAS S E D A S GR A ND L OD GE S .

I (F E S S LE R S )
G R AND UN I ON ’
. OF F RE E MA S ON S

I t will be re m e mb e re d t h at i n 1 7 9 9 an d 1 8 00 b o t h F e ssl e r an d S chro e d e r Visit e d H an o v e r ,

’
an d ab o ut t he s am e t im e t h e se t wo ard e n t re form e rs m ade e ach ot h e r s acqu ain t an ce .

E arly i n 1 8 01 F e ssl e r at t e mp t e d t o s t re n g t h e n t he h an ds o f t h e l e adin g supp ort e rs o f pure

F re e m ason ry by d raw i n g cl o s e r t he b on ds o f uni o n b e t we e n t he P ro vin cial G ran d Lo dg e s o f
H amburg an d H an o v e r an d t h e G ran d Lo dge R o y al Y ork o f B e rli n
, On A ugus t 2 0 1 8 01 a .
, ,

t rip art it e t re at y w as c on c lud e d b e t w e e n t h e s e b o di e s e n t i t le d M ag n u m F oed n s La t omora m ,

“
,

providin g for mut u al re p re se n t at i on an d co mmu n icat i on of all mi n ut e s an d for a s e l e ct Circle

, ,
R I GH T H ON O U R A B L E L OR D BR O O K E .

V
PR O I N C I AL GR A N D M A S TE R OF E S SEX .

Thomas C J
. k Lo do
ac . n n . n
& E di bu rgh
.
2 84 O TH E R ( GE R M A N ) M A S ON I C UN I ON S .

R o y al Y o rk ; O E t z e l an d S chm ii ck e rt , filli n g simil ar o ffi ce s i n t h e Th re e Gl ob e s ; an d t he

’

t h re e G ran d S e cre t ari e s The obj e ct o f t his Un i o n w as t o t ak e c o u nc il i n co mm o n o n

.

imp ort an t M ason i c m at t e rs an d t o st re n gt h e n t h e b on ds o f fri e n dship b e t we e n t he Gran d

,

Lo dg e s The Un i o n migh t p rop o s e Mas on i c p ri n cipl e s for acce p t an ce b u t w as p o w e rl e ss t o

.
,

fo rce t h e ir a dop t i on o n t h e i n dividu al G ran d L o dge s .

On e o f t h e fi rs t act s of t his Un i on w as an imp ort an t on e A t a m e e t i n g h e ld M ay 1 8 .

-
,

1 8 40 at t he p re mis e s o f t h e R o y al Y ork V on D on n e rsm ark i n form e d t h e G ran d Mast e rs

, ,

t h at P rin ce Willi am o f P russi a (n o w t he E mp e ror o f G e rm an y ) h ad ob t ain e d his fat h e r s

’

p e rmissi on t o j o in t h e C raft p rovid e d h e c o uld b e m ad e i n t he n am e o f all t h re e G ran d

,

L o dg e s an d b e l on g t o t h e m c onj o in t ly ; furt h e r t h at i n t h at cas e h e w o uld assum e t h e pro

, ,

t e ct orat e o f t h e e n t ire C raft i n Prussi a F or s u ch a purp o s e t h e Un i on w as e x act ly fi t t e d .

,

an d — M ay 2 2 1 8 40— t h e P ri n ce w as i n it iat e d
,
D on n e rsm ark his old co mp ani on i n arms , ,

pre sid e d at a C omm on Prussi an G L o dg e an d on t h e righ t an d l e ft w e re t he ot h e r

“
.
,

G ran d M as t e rs The M as t e rs of t h e fi ft e e n B e rli n Lo dg e s w e re als o p re s e n t The N at i on al

. .

G L l e n t i t s p re mis e s for t h e occasi o n The P ri n ce s w o re t rut h an d sile n ce t o al

l t h re e
“

. . .

G ran d M ast e rs an d t h e n i n his cap aci t y of P rot e ct or re ce iv e d t h e i r v o ws o f fe alt y i n re t u rn

,
.

The Un i on s t ill subsis t s an d has b e e n o f gre at s e rvi ce t o t he F rat e rn it y i n Prussi a as pre

, ,

p ari n g t h e w ay for j o in t act ion i n m an y m at t e rs .

’
V . G R AND M AS TE R S D IE T .

x t e n si on o f t h e Gran d M ast e rs Un i on appli e d t o all

’
This m ay b e c on sid e re d as an e , , _

G e rm an y I n 1 8 68 Warn at z G M o f S ax on y in vi t e d t h e o t h e r G M s o f G e rm an y W it h
’
. .
.
, , . .
,

t h e ir D e pu t i e s t o m e e t hi m i n c on fe re n ce The firs t m e e t in g w as h e ld M ay 3 1 8 68 at . , ,

B e rli n E v e ry G L e x ce pt t h e S u n o f B ayre ut h w as re pre s e n t e d by i t s G M ; an d i n s om e

. . .
, ,
. .

i n st an ce s by t h e D e pu t y Gran d Mast e rs o r t h e ir subst i t ut e s A n id e a o f t he s co p e o f .

t his ass o ci at i o n m ay b e g at h e re d fro m t h e p ro c e e din gs o f t h e Third A n n u al D i e t h e ld J u n e ,

5 1 8 7 0 w h e n i t w as agre e d t o acce p t t h e Old E n glish Ch arg e s as t h e b asis an d l an dm arks

, ,

o f F re e m as on ry A t t he fo urt h D i e t at F ran k fo rt i n 1 8 7 1 t h e form at i on of a

.
Un i o n o f ,
“

G e rm an G Lo dg e s w as m oot e d an d G M Warn at z w as d e put e d t o d raw u p a draft

. , . .

c o d e o f b y l aw s fo r t h e s am e
- Th e s e w e re duly app ro v e d an d as a c o n s e qu e n ce t h e fi ft h
.
,

an d l ast D i e t o f 1 8 7 2 at B e rli n b e cam e t he fi rs t m e e t i n g o f t h e

VI . G E RM AN GR AN D L ODGE S UN I ON ’
.

This Un i on h as w ork e d t o gre at advan t ag e for t h e C raft an d in t h e abs e n ce o f ,

an

imp o ssibl e G e n e ral G ran d L o dge s e rv e s t o m ai n t ai n a clo se b on d b e t we e n e v e ry syst e m

,
in
h l d d t p s v i ugu t mm li f c o du c t i n e x t e rn al affai rs
t he F at e r an an o re e r,
e o r n a ra e a co o n n e o n .

VI I . UN I ON OF G E R M AN F R E EM A S ON S .

his is pu ly d lib t iv d li t y s i t y mp s d f i dividu l M as on s m e e t in g

T a re e e ra e an e rar o c e c o o e o n a
,

y e arly at v ari o us c it i e s I t w as fo u n d e d i n 1 8 61 an d at first m e t w i t h st re n uo us opp o sit io n

.
,

fro m s o m e o f t h e Gran d L o dge s so t h at in 1 8 67 i t o n ly n umb e re d 3 09 m e mb e rs,

I t h as .
 O TH E R ( GE RM A N ) M A S ON I C UN I ON S .
2 85

h owe ve r form e d a v alu abl e library an d mus e um at L e ipsi c an d i t s o ffi ci al organ is t h e

, ,

Le ipsi c Bauh u t t e I t s i n flue n ce h as grow n y e arly an d i n 1 8 7 8 i t n umb e re d 1 509 ac t iv e an d

.
, ,

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a mild form o f s oci alism A l t h ough p o li t i c s are rig oro usly forbidd e n i n t h e L o dge i t w o u ld
.
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app e ar t h at G e rm an s d o n ot i n clud e p oli t i cal e con o my u n d e r t his h e ad an d t he b ou n d ary li n e ,

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is e asily ov e rst e pp e d .

A l t h o ugh t he xige n ci e s o f sp ace forbid m ore t h an a p assin g allusi on t o m an y subj e ct s o f

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d e e p i n t e re st t o ou r an t iqu ari e s b u t lyi n g on t h e e x t re m e b ord e r lin e o f his t ory t h e re is o n e

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up on whi ch—at t his st ag e o f ou r i n quiry— s o m e g e n e ral o bs e rv at i on s will n ot be ou t o f pl ace .

G e rm an y (in cludi n g A us t ria an d S wit z e rlan d) e x c e ls all ot h e r cou n t ri e s b ot h i n t he ,

afflu e n ce o f i t s M as on i c li t e rat u re an d i n t he p rofu n di t y o f re s e arch w hi c h h as ch aract e ris e d ,

t he lab o urs o f so m an y gift e d his t orian s o f t h e C raft Th e e arli e s t e ffort s o f G e rm an M ason i c .

w ri t e rs— t ran sl at i o n s of t he E n glish c on s t i t u t i on s o rat i o n s an d d id act i c pi e ce s e vi n ce b o t h , ,

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dilige n c e an d accuracy Th e n ce by a gradu al t ran si t i on — t he publi cat i on o f t he con s t it u t ion s

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o f m an y o t h e r G ran d (an d p riv at e ) L o dge s an d o f s o n gs an d p o e ms re m ark abl e for b e au t y o f ,

t h ough t an d dict ion — w e are b ro ught t o a high e r sph e re o f i n t e ll e ct u al l ab ou r an d fi n d i n t h e ,

lit e rat ure o f t he C raft t he n oble s t m oral t e achi n g acco mp an i e d by v e ry l e arn e d an d i n ge n io us

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re fl e ct i on s on b o t h t h e o rigi n an d o bj e c t s o f ou r S oci e t y .

L e ssi n g t h e fat h e r o f G e rm an cri t i c ism — k n o w n t o M as on i c re ad e rs by his E rn e st “

an d F alk 1 7 7 8 an d ,
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i t s True S ign ifi can ce 1 8 46 F re e m as o n ry i n G re at Bri t ai n 1 8 48 — an d i n F ran ce

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K e lle r H ist ory of t h e E cl e ct ic Un i o n 1 8 57

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th pp d (i t lt ) t h F m s s Lib y 1 7 7 8 1 8 03 Vi J l f M s s 1 7 8 4 8 6 K th ’ “
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M s i j l i G m y t t h p s t d t is t h B h t tt b g i 1 8 58 W k s f sp i l m i t G d i k ’
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a on c ou rn a n er an a e re e n a e, e au z e, e un n . or o e ec a er are a c e s

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2 86 F R E E ZWA S ON R Y I N S O UTH E R N E UR OP E .

C H A P TE R XX V II I .

F R E E M A S ON R Y I N S OUTH E R N E UR OP E .

A US TR I A A N D H UN G A RY — S WI TZ E R L AN D — I TA LY — P ORTUG A L S PA I N
G R E E C E — TUR K E Y — R OUM A N I A — M A LTA .

A US TR I A AN D H UN GAR Y 1 .

his t ory o f F re e m as on ry i n A u s t ri a— it s t race s i n t he A ust ri an N e t h e rl an ds

HE
h av e alre ady be e n re fe rre d t o i n con n e ct i on wi t h B e lgium 2 — m ay b e s aid t o c om
m e n ce w i t h t h e i n it i at ion o f t h e D uk e o f L orrain e .

F ran cis S t e ph e n w as b orn 1 7 08 an d su cce e d e d his fat h e r as D uk e o f L orrai n e ,

172 9 I n 1 7 3 1 a sp e ci al L o dg e w as h e ld at t h e H agu e u n d e r D r D e sag uli e rs as

.

M ; J oh n S t an h o p e an d J o hn H olz e n d orff Ward e n s ; t he E arl of Ch e s t e rfi e ld an d

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o t h e rs i n ord e r t o i n i t i at e an d p ass t h e D uk e w h o w as aft e rwards m ad e a M as t e r M as o n i n

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gl
E n an i n t d h e s am e y e a r
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I n 1 7 3 6 h e m arri e d M ari a Th e re s a t he h e i re ss t o t he t h ro n e o f
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A us t ri a an d o n t h e d e at h o f G as t on o f M e di ci i n 1 7 3 7 e x ch an ge d t he cro wn o f L orrai n e fo r
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t h at o f t he G ran d D u chy o f T us can y To his i n flu e n ce w it h his fat h e r i n law t he E mp e ror

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m ay b e p rob ably as crib e d t h e fact t h at Cl e m e n t s Bull o f 1 7 3 8 was p ro mulgat e d i n t h e

A us t ri an d o mi ni o n s I n 1 7 4 0 Maria Th e re s a su c ce e de d t o t h e imp e ri al diad e m o f A us t ri a
.
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an d app o i n t e d h e r husb an d C c R e g e n t P e rso n ally t h e E mpre ss was av e rs e t o t he C raft b u t

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,

h e r c on s ort was abl e t o p ro cu re for i t a ce rt ain am o un t o f t o l e ran ce i n t h e l on g ru n al t h o ugh ,

p o w e rl e ss t o pre ve n t o ccasi on al o ut burst s o f p e rs e cu t ion I n t h e s e e arly days F re e m as on s .

e xi s t e d i n t h e A us t ri an d o mi n i on s i n con sid e rabl e n umb e rs bu t as ye t t h e re w as n o Lo dge , .

I n 1 7 42 — S e p t e mb e r 1 7 — t he fi rs t V i e n n a L o dg e The Thre e F i ri n g Gl ass e s w as co n “

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st i t ut e d by t h e Thre e S kulls of B re slau un d e r i t s M ast e r t he P ri n ce Bish op of t h at c i t y ; ,

b u t o n M arch 7 1 7 43 t h e L o dge w as w it h o ut w arni n g cl o s e d by t he mili t ary at t h e c o m

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m an d o f t he E mp re ss an d 1 8 m e m b e rs— chi e fl y o f t h e n obili t y— t ak e n pri son e rs Tradi t i on

,
.

h as i t t h at F ran c is hims e l f h ad c on sid e rabl e d i fli cu lt y i n e s capin g by t h e b ack s t airs On .

t h e 1 9 t h h o we v e r t h e p ris on e rs w e re re l e as e d i n h o n o ur o f t he f e t e o f t h e y o un g C ro wn
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P rin ce an d d ocum e n t ary e vid e n ce is fo rt h co mi n g t h at t h e L odg e con t in u e d t o m e e t i n s e cre t

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1l di g t h i t y t h hist y f t h C ft i t h s
The ea n au t i s is D L L wis
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 A US TK I A A N D H UN G/I R v .
2 87

lyi n g do ub t le ss o n t he p rot e ct i on o f t h e P rin ce w ho i n 1 7 45 w as e le ct e d E mp e ror of

‘

re ,

G e rman y as F ran cis I .

A cco rdin g t o L awri e F re e m as on ry was i n t ro du ce d i n t o t he p ro vi n ce o f B oh e mi a (P ragu e )

,

in H e sp e aks o f t he m e mb e rs as S cot i sh M a son s an d t he p ro b abili t y is t h at t h e y w e re ,

S cot s d e gre e Mas on s S ubs e qu e n t w rit e rs h av e h o we v e r s t at e d on t he st re n gt h o f t his

.
, ,

p assage t h at t he G ran d L o dge of S cot lan d warran t e d a L o dge at P ragu e a con clusi on whi c h is ,

2
n o t supp o rt e d by an y e vid e n c e w hi c h h as co m e u n d e r my n o t i ce .

The B u ll o f B e n e di ct XI V i n 1 7 51 gav e fre sh co urage t o t he cl e rgy su rro un din g t h e

.

A us t ri an t h ron e an d re n e w e d e ffo rt s t o supp re ss F re e m as on ry w e re m ad e

,
The E mp re ss .
,

h ow e ve r h e ld he r h an d an d (i t i s sai d ) visit e d t h e Lo dg e i n co mp an y wit h on e of he r ladi e s

, , ,

b ot h di sguis e d as m e n i n orde r t o assure h e rs e l f t h at n on e o f t h e be an 3 633 6 w e re admit t e d t o

,

t h e mys t e ri e s H avi n g s at isfi e d h e rs e lf o n t hi s p o i n t sh e re t ire d

. A s t his l e g e n d h o w e v e r .
, ,

d e riv e s n o supp ort fro m i n h e re n t prob abilit y n ot e v e n c an t he I t alian m axim S e n on é

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we re 23 ba
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,
.

I n 1 7 51 — M ay 2 2 —t h e L o dg e F re d e ri ck at H an o v e r w arran t e d a bran ch L o dge F re d e ri ck , ,

at Vi e n n a ; i n 1 7 64 t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce b e g an t o co n s t i t u t e L odge s i n t h e A ust ri an

d o mi n ion s ; an d i n t he s am e y e ar a d e cre e was issu e d suppre ssin g F re e m as on ry alt og e t h e r
Bu t F ran cis t h e E mp e ror w as hims e lf at t h at t im e Mas t e r o f The Th re e F iri n g Gl ass e s
, ,
“
,

an d w e n e e d t h e re fore n o t b e su rp ris e d t o fi n d t h at i t re m ai n e d in o p e rat iv e .

F ran cis di e d at I n n sb ru ck A ugus t 1 8 1 7 65 an d his son J o s e ph I I w as e l e ct e d E mp e ror

, , , ,
.
, .

The E mp re ss M ari a Th e re s a als o m ade him C o R e ge n t (w it h h e rs e lf ) o f A us t ri a A l t h o ugh n ot -

.

a M as on o n m ore t h an o n e o c casi on h e e xp re ss e d a fav o u rabl e o pi n i o n o f t h e C raft

, A t t his .

p e ri o d t he Je sui t s w e re s t rain i n g e v e ry n e rv e t o av e rt t h e i r ow n e x t i n ct i on an d t he F rat e rn it y ,

o f M as o n s t h e re fo re o b t ain e d a li t t l e b re at hi n g t im e L o dg e s b e gan t o mul t iply I n 1 77 1 . .

t he S t ri ct Obs e rv an c e fo u n d e d on e — t he Thre e E agl e s — i n V i e n n a ; an d Zi n n e n d orfl fo llo w e d

‘

t h e le ad by e re ct in g t wo ot h e r s i n t he s am e cit y 1 77 1 an d 1 7 7 5 I n 1 7 7 6 P ragu e alre ady , .

p o ss e ss e d fo ur L odge s an d i n 1 7 77 Zin n e n d orff s N at i on al G ran d Lodg e at B e rli n e stab

,

li sh e d a Pro vin ci al G ran d Lo dg e o f A us t ri a at Vi e n n a .

By t h e d e at h o f Mari a Th e re sa— N o v e mb e r 1 9 1 7 8 0— t he E mp e ror Jo s e ph I I b e cam e , .

,

E mp e ror o f A us t ri a als o an d t h e C raft con t i n u e d t o p ro sp e r

, Th e gre at e r p art o f t he n e w .

'

Lo dg e s w e re con st it u t e d by Zi n n e n d o rfi o r by t he P ro vi n c i al G ran d Lo dg e at Vi e n n a o f
t he s am e syst e m ; an d i n 1 7 8 4 t h e re w e re n o l e ss t h an 4 5 L o dge s i n t he vario us p ro vi n ce s o f
t he A us t ri an E mpire (8 b e i n g i n V i e n n a alo n e ) u n d e r t he fo ll o w in g Pro vi n ci al G ran d Lo dg e s :
— A us t ri a pro p e r V i e n n a 1 7 ; B oh e mi a 7 ; H un g ary 1 2 ; S i e b e n burg e n 3 G ali ci a 4 an d
( ) , ;, ; , , ,

L o mb ardy 2 , .

On A p ril 2 2 1 7 8 4 t he P rovin cial Gran d Lo dge s of B o h e mi a H un g ary S i e b e n bu rg e n an d

, , , , ,

A us t ri a m e t an d fo rm e d a N at io n al G ran d L o dg e o f t he A us t ri an S t at e s w i t h C o u n t ,

D ie t ri c hs t e in as G ran d M ast e r Th e ir i n t e n t ion w as t o d e cl are t h e ms e lv e s i n d e p e n d e n t

.
,

bu t t h e y m e t w i t h su ch Opp o sit i on fro m B e rlin t h at D i e t ri chs t e in w as o bli ge d t o co n t e n t ,

him se lf wit h t h e p o si t i on of a Pro v G M u n d e r t he N at i on al Zi n n e n d orff— G ran d

. . .

L o dge . I n 1 7 8 5 h o w e v e r t h e E mp e ror o rd e re d t h e l at e n t G ran d Lo dge t o ass e rt i t s i n d e

, ,

B l n w as n at urally o bli g e d t o giv e way The o t h e r Pro vin ci al G ran d Lo d e s

i
pe n d e ce a
n n d e r
g
.
,

1
E di t . 1 8 0 4, p . 1 31 .
9
Cf . an t e , p . 1 96.
2 88 A US TR I A A N D H UN GA R Y .

a pp e ar toh av e j oi n e d t he Un i o n E ach L o dge h ad by i t s d e l e gat e o n e v o t e i n t h e P ro

.

v i n ci al L o dg e s w hi ch m e t e v e ry t h re e m o n t hs
, an d e ac h Pro vi n ci al G ran d L o dg e h ad o n e ,

v ot e at t he h al f y e arly m e e t in g o f t h e N at i on al G ran d L o dg e (o f t he A us t ri an S t at e s) t hus

-
,

fo rmin g a p e rfe ct re p re s e n t at ive sys t e m .

Un fort u n at e ly at t his t im e t he E mp e ror i n t e rfe re d i n t he in t e rn al arran ge m e n t s of t he

C raft appare n t ly at t h e i n s t ig at i on o f D i e t ri chs t e i n t he G M Th e d e sire t o supp re ss t h e
, , . .

A si at ic B rot h e rs— at w ork i n A us t ri a si n ce 1 7 8 0— w as n o t u n con n e ct e d wi t h t h e s e

pro
ce e di n gs A n e dict app e are d on D e ce mb e r 1 1 7 8 5 re s t ri ct i n g t he n umb e r o f L o dge s i n an
y
.
, ,

c i t y t o t hre e an d ord e ri n g al
, l t h o s e e s t ablish e d i n t o w n s wh e re t h e re w as n o imp e ri al co urt
.

t o c lo s e alt o g e t h e r On t he s t re n g t h o f t his e di ct D i e t ri chs t e in caus e d t he e igh t V i e n n a

.

L odge s t o re du ce t h e i r n umb e r by am algam at io n t o t w o an d t o gre at ly c urt ail t h e ir m e mb e r ,

ship E ach m e mb e r had t o submi t t o a fre sh b allo t an d m an y w e re t h e re by p re v e n t e d fro m

.
,

t aki n g an y furt h e r p art i n t he p ro ce e di n gs o f t h e C raft S e v e ral o f t h e b e s t M as on s i n .

A u s t ri a re t i re d i n disgus t n um e ro us L o dg e s w e re cl o s e d by vi rt u e o f t he e di ct t he s iri t an d
,
p ,

i n de p e n d e n ce o f t h e C raft h ad fl own an d i t s b e s t d ays v an ish e d , .

J o s e ph di e d i n 1 7 9 O an d L e op old I I e xp re ss e d hims e lf as n ot u nfri e n dly t o t he F rat e rn it y ;

, .

b u t his su cce ss or i n 1 7 9 2 F ran cis I L t ri e d at t h e R at isb on D i e t t o i n du ce t he G e rm an P ri n ce s

, ,

t o s u pp re ss F re e m as o n ry t h ro ugh o u t t h e E mpi re I n t his h e fail e d b u t t he V i e n n a L o dge s .

, ,

t aki n g t h e cu e v o lu n t arily cl o s e d i n 1 7 9 4
, u n t il b e t t e r t im e s ; an d i n 1 7 9 5 an imp e ri al e di ct
suppre ss e d t he C raft an d all s e cre t s o cie t i e s t h ro ugho ut t he S t at e s o f A ust ri a A fu rt h e r e di ct .

o f 1 8 01 re qui re d al l S t at e o ffi ci als t o sig n a p ap e r affi rmin g t h at t h e y did n ot b e l on g t o an y

su ch s o ci e t y F re e mas on ry t hus di e d ou t i n A us t ria an d h as n ot si n ce re viv e d D uri n g
.
, .

t h e F re n ch o ccup at i on 1 8 05 9 s o m e e ph e m e ral L o dg e s aro s e an d e v e n a sh o rt liv e d G ran d

,
-
, ,
-

Ori e n t u n de r F re n c h j urisdi ct i on ; an d ag ain i n 1 8 48 a form e r V i e n n a L o dge re o p e n e d

Oct ob e r 5 b u t was cl o s e d on t h e 6t h
, A ll subs e qu e n t at t e mp t s h av e p ro v e d frui t l e ss as far
.

as A us t ri a is c o n c e rn e d b u t H u n g ary re j o i ce s i n a b e t t e r fat e
, .

I n 1 8 61 D r L e wis m ad e an at t e mp t t o re viv e t h e C raft i n H un gary an d fo u n d e d a ,

L o dg e i n P e s t h b u t i t w as qui c kly c lo s e d by t he p oli ce

, The p olit i cal divisi on o f 1 8 67 .
,

h o w e v e r by w hi ch A us t ri a an d H u n gary b e cam e s e p arat e k i n gd o ms u n d e r on e cro w n o p e n e d

, ,

t he d o or t o H u n gari an F re e m ason rv n o H un garian law e xis t i n g to t h e con t rary The G o v e rn .

m e n t app ro v e d i n Oct ob e r 1 8 68 t he s t at u t e s o f L e w is L o dg e Un i t y an d i n 1 8 69 t wo o t h e r
’

L o dge s aro s e i n Te m e sv ar an d Oe d e n bu rg The Un it y t h re w off sh oo t s i n B aj a P re ssburg .

”
, ,

an d Bud a P e s t h an d t h e Te m e sv ar L o dge o n e i n A rad

-
, On J an uary 3 0 1 8 7 0 t h e s e s e v e n .
, ,

form e d a G ran d Lo dg e o f H u n gary an d w e re s t re n g t h e n e d i n t h e s am e y e ar by a n e w L o dg e i n

,

S z e g e din Th e s e e igh t i n cre as e d i n 1 8 7 1 t o t w e lv e

. I n 1 8 7 2 t he m e mb e rs alre ady must e re d .

8 00 s t ron g The G M was an d s t ill is F ran z P u lsz k y Bu t alt h o ugh pro sp e ro us i n n umb e rs
. . .
, , .
,

t he o rg an is at io n rit ual an d spiri t o f t he n e w b o dy l e ft mu ch t o b e d e sire d an d t he C raft

, , ,

s e e m e d d e s t in e d t o w re ck o n t he le e sh ore of i t s o wn u n w ort hi n e ss wh e n a j udic i ous ch an ge

-
,

o f pe rson n e li n 1 8 7 5 e n abl e d i t t o m ak e a g oo d o ffi n g The n e w C o n s t it u t i o n s w e re appro v e d .

F e b ru ary 2 4 1 8 7 6 p ro vidi n g a re p re s e n t at iv e sys t e m o f go v e rn m e n t an d t h e n e w ri t ual cam e

, , ,

i n t o forc e o n July 1 Th e imm e diat e con s e qu e n ce of t his was t h e format i on of fo ur n e w

.

Lo dge s b e fore t he e n d of t he y e ar sin ce whi c h d at e t he N at i on al Gran d L o dg e of H u n gary

,

has p ro ce e d e d on i t s w ay w it h o u t m u ch o f imp ort an ce t o re l at e .

R e t urn in g t o 1 8 69 w e fi n d t h at i n t his y e ar s e v e ral Mas o n s who had b e e n i n i t iat e d abroad

,
 S WI TZ E R LA N D . 2 89

o pe n e d a Lo dg e (t he p roce e din gs b e i n g con duct e d i n t he H un gari an t on gu e ) acco rdi n g t o t h e

A an d A S R
. . . un d e r t h e auspi ce s o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce
. This w as s o on fo ll o w e d .

by a s e con d w orki n g i n G e rm an
, A s o n e o f t h e p rim e m o ve rs i n t his m at t e r t he ce l e brat e d
.
,

H un g arian p at ri o t Klapk a sh o uld b e m e n t i o n e d I n 1 8 7 0 t h e s e t w o L o dge s m ad e h o n o urabl e

.
,

o v e rt ure s t o t he G ran d L o dg e for a fusi o n o f g o v e rn m e n t co mbi n e d wi t h fre e d o m o f ri t u al .

Un fort un at e ly as w e h av e s e e n i n t h e H is t ory o f F re n ch F re e m as on ry su ch a fusi on is diffi

, ,

c ult , an d i t faile d on t his as on so m an y p re vi o us o cc asi on s Th row n up on t h e ir o w n .

re s o u rce s t h e t w o L o dg e s con s t i t u t e d — ou t he p art o f t he G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce — fu rt h e r

,

S cot s Lo dge s i n Kas ch au We rs ch e t z Oravi cz a A rad B e re g sz asz an d o t h e r t o w n s ; an d h avi n g

, , , , ,

i n s t i t u t e d t he n e ce ssary H igh Ch apt e rs t h e s e L o dge s i n 1 8 7 2 form e d a G ran d Ori e n t o f

,

H u n gary for t he A an d A S R . u n d e r Gran d M ast e r G e orge J oan n ovi cs

. . . I n 1 8 75 .

t his G ran d Orie n t e x e rcis e d ju risdi ct i on o v e r s o m e 2 0 Lo dg e s w i t h 1 000 m e mb e rs I t has .

sin ce lo st mu ch i n imp ort an ce The t wo Gran d b o di e s are on a p e rfe ct ly fri e n dly foot in g
. .

Th e s t at is t i cs o f 1 8 8 5 are as fo llo ws — Gran d Lo dg e i n Bud a P e s t h fo u n d e d J an u ary 3 0 -

, ,

1 8 7 0 2 6 L o dg e s an d 1 2 68 m e mb e rs
, G ran d Ori e n t of Buda P e st h fo u n d e d 1 8 7 2 1 2 L o dg e s -
, ,

an d ab o u t 502 m e mb e rs .
0

I n A ust ri a p ro p e r t h e re are m an y M as on ic c lu bs t h at is m e re ly s oci al clubs co mp o s e d , ,

e x clusiv e ly o f F re e m as on s ; as L o dg e s t h e y are forbidd e n t o m e e t Bu t Vi e n n a i t s e l f is so .

n e ar t h e H u n gari an fro n t i e r t h at m an y o f t h e s e c lubs are re ally L o dg e s whi ch t ak e a sh o rt

,

rai l way t rip i n ord e r t o m e e t as su ch I n Pre ssburg an d Oe d e n bu rg t h e re are s e ve ral L o dge s

.

wh o s e m e mb e rs are all re sid e n t i n V i e n n a The o t h e r large t ow n s of t h e E mpire are h o we v e r

.
, ,

n ot so fo rt u n at e ly si t u at e d an d t h e F rat e rn i t y in e ac h o f su c h c i t i e s has t o c on t e n t i t s e lf w i t h
,

m e e t in g as a s oci al club .

S WITZE R LAN D .

The ly hist ory of t he C raft i n t he S w iss C on fe d e rat i on is so i n v o lve d t h at un l e ss my

e ar ,

re ad e rs w ill kin dly b e ar a fe w his t ori cal d at a i n min d I can h ardly e xp e ct t o m ak e mys e l f ,

Wh e n pp e are d i n t he v alle ys of S wit z e rlan d t he C on fe d e racy con sist e d

F re e m as on ry fi rst a

o f fo u rt e e n au t on o m o us an d con fe de rat e d C an t o n s B e yon d t h e s e w e re a fe w dist ri ct s n ow

.
,

Can t on s w it h full righ t s bu t t h e n subj e ct t o i n dividu al C an t on s by right of con qu e s t

, ,

su ch as t h e P ays d e Vaud— d e p e n d e n t on B e rn e F urt h e r we h av e t o d e al w it h ce rt ai n .

o f t h e p re s e n t C an t o n s w hi c h at t h at t im e w e re in de p e n d e n t R e publi c s in all ian ce wit h t he

C on fe d e racy su ch as S t G all an d G e n e va ; an d l ast ly t he pre se n t Can t on of N e u fch at e l
, ,

w as at t h at t im e Prussi an ( 1 7 07 fro m 1 8 06 1 4 F re n ch an d si n ce 1 8 1 5 has b e e n a -

,

m e mb e r o f t he C on fe d e rat i o n bu t u n d e r Prussi an suz e rain t y A t firs t w e n e e d chi e fly con

,
.

c e rn o u rs e lv e s wi t h Zuri ch B asle an d B e rn e
,
be l on gin g t o S wi t z e rl an d pre p e r ; w i t h Vaud
, , ,

t he d e p e n d e n cy of B e rn e ; w i t h t h e A llie d R e publi c o f G e n e v a ; an d w it h t he t h e n P russian

S t at e o f N e u fch at e l .

The fi rs t d i s t in ct p e rio d m ay be t ak e n as e x t e n di n g t o t he re ign of t e rror i n 1 7 9 2 9 3 -

.

G E N E VA — I n 1 7 3 6 s o m e E n gli sh g e n t le m e n e st ablish e d a L o dge i n t he ci t y o f G e n e va a

. ,

re sid e n t an d n at ural i s e d S co t sm an G e org e H amil t o n b e in g t h e M as t e r

,
On M arch 5 o f ,
.

t h e s am e y e ar h e w as forbidd e n by t he R e publi c t o i n it iat e n at iv e ci t iz e n s — a d e cre e whi ch

“
 2 90 S WI TZ E R L A N D .

a pp e ars t o h av e b e e n sys t e m at i cally vi o l at e d— an d i n 1 7 3 7 he w as app o i n t e d by t he G L o f . .

E n gl an d P ro v G M for all L o dge s i n t he st at e I

. . . E v e n i n t h e s e fe w m on t hs m an y had b e e n .

e s t ablish e d To at t e mp t t o fo llo w t h e i r his t ory w o uld b e imp o ssibl e

. Th rou gh o u t S w it z e r .

l an d Lo dge s w e re lik e mush rooms t h e y sp ran g u p i n a n igh t an d dis app e are d as qui ckly , ,

le avi n g i n m o s t cas e s n o t h i n g bu t a n am e b e hin d I n 1 7 44 t h e A rchiv e s o f t he To wn

, , .

C o u n cil m ake m e n t i on of t h re e Lo dge s on ly Th e s e — F e bru ary 1 3 — t h e F at h e rs place d u n d e r .

a b an whi ch h o w e v e r did n ot p re v e n t t he P ro v
, , G L u n d e r Lord M alp as from h o ldin g a
, . . .
, ,

publi c fe st iv al on Jun e 2 4 I n 1 7 45— w h e n six Lo dg e s are m e n t ion e d— t he C o u n cil re n e w e d i t s

.

e di ct w hi ch h o w e v e r was all o w e d t o l aps e

, ,
This was t h e l as t o bs t ac l e t h ro w n i n t he w ay o f
, .

t he C raft i n t his t e rrit ory F or t he n e x t fi ft e e n y e ars li t t l e is k n ow n o f G e n e va F re e m as on ry

.
,

e x ce p t t h at L o dge s w e re form e d e xis t e d for a t im e an d di e d o u t The hi s t o ry o f t his

, , .

p e ri o d is i n v olv e d i n mu ch con fusi on I n 1 7 68 —F e bru ary 7 —t he Un i on of H e art s w as .

“
.

e s t ablish e d This is t h e fi rs t L o dg e w hi ch k e p t min u t e s an d i t s so call e d

. G old e n B oo k is ,
-

full o f i n t e re st i n g n o t e s o n S wiss M as on ry A t t his t im e Ale x an d e r G e rard re t urne d fro m .

E n glan d an d se t t o w ork t o re du ce t h e e xis t in g ch ao s t o ord e r A t his in s t ig at i on t e n G e n e va

, .

Lo dge s m e t on Ju n e 1 1 7 69 an d o n t he 2 4t h e re ct e d t he I n d e p e n d e n t G ran d Lo dg e o f G e n e v a
, ,

— w orkin g pure E n glish M as on ry I n t he s am e y e ar e ight o t h e r L o dg e s un it e d w it h t his b o dy.

,

s om e b e i n g i n F ran ce an d co mpris e d o f m e mb e rs av e rs e t o t he high d e gre e s (so call e d )

,
- .

Th e re w as als o on e i n Zuri ch an d an o t h e r i n C o n s t an t in o pl e B e fore 1 7 7 3 t e n m ore h ad .

j o i n e d This G ran d Lo dge was t h e re fore o f s o m e i mp ort an ce bu t t o w ards 1 7 8 2 t he p oli t i cal

.
,

fe rm e n t i n F ran ce had e x t e n d e d t o G e n e v a an d t he s t at e w as pu t un d e r mili t ary go v e rn m e n t ,

.

F o r t h e n e x t fo ur y e ars t he C raft w as alm o s t e x t in ct .

I n 1 7 8 6 i t re aw o k e an d m an y L o dge s j o i n e d t he G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce ; bu t o n M arc h

-
,

2 2 e igh t L o dge s re con s t i t u t e d t h e G ran d Lo dge u n d e r t h e n e w t i t l e o f G ran d Ori e n t o f G e n e v a

, .

I t h ad mu ch su cce ss — i n t h e s am e y e ar t e n Lo dge s j o i n e d t he o rigi n al e ight — an d w arran t e d a

Lo dg e at S my rn a i n 1 7 8 7 The G O o f F ran ce als o e x t e n d e d i t s o p e rat io n s an d a Zu ri ch p ap e r
. . .
,

o f 1 7 8 7 allud e s t o t h e re b e i n g s e v e n t y t wo L o dg e s l
( ) i n G e n e v a The Lo dg e s w e re h ow e v e r -
.
, ,

c on t i n u ally shi ft in g t h e ir all e gian ce from o n e G ran d Ori e n t t o t he ot h e r .

I n 1 7 9 0—F e bru ary I O—t he Lo dg e Un i on o f H e art s i n i t i at e d H R H t h e l at e D uk e o f .

Ke n t fat h e r o f H M Qu e e n Vi ct ori a 2
, . .

I n 1 7 9 2 9 3 durin g t he re ign o f t e rror t he Gran d Ori e n t b are ly e xis t e d alm o s t al

-
,
l t he , ,

L o dge s diss olv e d or de clare d t h e ms e lv e s d orm an t an d ve ry fe w in d e e d p rofe ss e d t o w ork on ,

un dismay e d .

V A UD — ln 1 7 3 9 —F e b ru ary 2 — s o m e E n glish n obl e m e n i n L aus an n e w e re w arran t e d as

.

t he
“
P e rfe ct Un i on o f S t ran g e rs N o 1 8 7 on t h e ro ll o f E n glan d 3 an d d e clare d t h e mse lve s
, .
, ,

a D i re ct in g or q u asi G ran d L o dge u n d e r t he n am e N at i on al G ran d D ire ct ory o f F re n ch

H e lv e t i a Ot h e r Lo dge s w e re forme d b u t — M arc h 3 1 74 5—t he aut h ori t i e s at B e rn e issu e d
.
, ,

4
m o s s t ri n g e n t de cre e s again s t t h e C raft an d t he Lo dge s w e re c l o s e d A lt h ou gh t h e S w iss
t ,
.

F rat e rn it y publish e d a st ron g prot e s t i n F ran k fort an d L e ipsi c F re e m as on ry b e cam e o bli t e rat e d ,

t hro ugh o ut S w it z e rl an d pro p e r (as i t t h e n w as) for qui t e fi ft e e n y e ars .

B E RN E —The S t at e A rchiv e s m e n t ion a Lo dg e as e xis t i n g h e re p ri or t o t he y e ar 1 7 45

.
,

whi ch h ow e v e r m ust h av e succ umb e d t o t he ab ove e di ct

, , .

1
Co n s t i t u t i on s 1 7 56 p 3 3 3 , , . Ch ap XX p 48 4
.
9
. .
, . .

3
E n g r v e d Lis t s
a Of Th e F ou r Old L o dge s
. p 55 .
“
Pri nt e d i n t h P ock e t Com pan i on 1 7 54 , . .
4
e , .
2 92 S WI TZ E R L A N D .

1 7 7 0— o f whi ch 1 7 9 1 — D e ce mb e r 2 7 —t he
"
hi n g m ore is k n o wn
n ot A ls o i n .
1
Thre e Glo b e s ,
“

c on s t it u t e d t he F re d e ri ck William o f G o o d H arm o n y at N e u fc h at e l
“
.

This bri n gs us t o t he cl o s e o f t he fi rs t p e ri o d o f S w iss F re e m as on ry I n S w i t z e rl an d t he .

C raft was e x t in ct i n G e n e va l an guishi n g an d i n N e u fch at e l s carce ly fo un d e d Th e s e con d

, , .

pe ri o d w ill carry us t o 1 8 1 4 1 6
-
.

G E NE VA —I n 1 7 9 5— Jun e 2 1 — t he G O re op e n e d u n d e r G M L o uis R iv al e an d for t he

.
~
. . . .
,

n e x t fe w y e ars b ot h t h e F re n c h an d t h e n at iv e G ran d Ori e n t s w e re fully e mpl o y e d i n co n

st i t u t in g an d re sus c i t at i n g L o dg e s I n 1 7 9 8 G e n e v a w as an n e x e d t o F ran ce an d t h e P aris

.
,

G O b e gan t o o b t ain t h e upp e r h an d

. . E n glish F re e m as on ry als o l o s t gro u n d an d t he F re n c h
.
,

R i t e s w e re subs t it u t e d I n 1 8 01 t he G O o f F ran ce re vis e d i t s s t at u t e s an d t he G O o f

. .
,
.

G e n e va lo s t i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce b e in g m ad e a Pro v G L un d e r P aris I n t his cap aci t y i t rul e d

, . . . .

t w e lv e Lo dg e s i n 1 8 02 at w hi c h t im e t h e re als o e xis t e d a G e n e v a Lo dge u n d e r t he S upre m e

,

C ou n cil of t he A an d A S R 3 3 at P aris I n 1 8 09 t h e P rov G L w as diss o lv e d i n con formit y

. . . .
°
. . . .

wi t h t he ce n t ralisin g p oli cy o f t he G O an d t he G e n e v a L o dg e s cam e u n d e r t he imm e di at e ,

rul e o f P aris .

N E UFCH ATE L was an n e x e d t o F ran ce i n 1 8 06 an d t he L o dg e t h e re re con s t it ut e d by t h e ,

G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce .

VA UD — S e v e ral L odg e s re op e n e d i n 1 7 9 5 bu t n o G ran d L odge ; an d i n 1 7 9 8 t he G ran d

.
,

Ori e n t at P aris comm e n ce d t o con s t i t u t e L o dge s I n 1 8 03 N ap o le on re co n s t ru c t e d t h e S w iss .

C on fe de rat i on an d abso lv e d Vaud fro m i t s subj e ct io n t o B e rn e cre at i n g i t an i n d e p e n d e n t

, ,

C an t on F or t he n e x t fe w y e ars F re n ch in flu e n ce an d F re n ch rit u al w e re upp e rm o s t I n

.
.

1 8 1 0 Mauri ce Glaire a fo rm e r mi n is t e r o f Kin g S t an isl aus o f P o l an d re viv e d t he S cot s

, ,

D ire ct ory i n L aus an n e calle d s e v e n L o dge s t o ge t h e r—Oct ob e r 1 5 1 8 1 0— an d e re ct e d a

, ,

N at i on al Gran d Orie n t o f F re n c h H e lv e t i a w it h Be rgi e r as a d i n te ri m G M The S co t s , . .

D ire ct ory w as sup e rio r t o t his G O in m at t e rs o f R it u al an d D o gm a on ly . . E xis t i n g Lo dg e s .

m ight u se t h e ir o w n rit u al n e w on e s w e re t o ac ce p t Glai re s o wn v e rsi o n of t h e re ct ifi e d

,
’

syst e m of t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an c e H avin g t hus m ad e s e v e ral i n n o vat ion s i t ce as e d t o b e a

.

p art o f t he Vt h Prov in ce an d form e d a syst e m o f i t s ow n k n o wn as t he H e lve t i c R i t e I n

.
, .

1 8 1 1 — M arch l— t h e s e s t at ut e s w e re appro v e d an d Gl aire — t h e n 67 y e ars old — e l e ct e d G M , . .

in 1 8 1 3 he w as re app o i n t e d for life The G O pro sp e re d fairly w e ll b u t aft e r t he b at t l e o f

. . .
,

Le ipsi c an d t he e n t ry of t he allie s i n t o S w i t z e rlan d Glaire c lo se d t h e Lo dg e s pro t e m , .

B AS LE — I n 1 8 0 7 a L o dge u n d e r t he G O o f F ran ce was o p e n e d h e re I n 1 8 09 Burkh ard

. .
.

re i n t ro du c e d t he form e r re ct i fie d S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce w o n ov e r t h e L o dg e re e re ct e d t h e Pri ory ,

-
, ,

an d appli e d t o C amb ac ere s at t h at t im e h e ad o f al l t h e v ari o us ri t e s i n F rau ce for a p at e n t

,

H avin g giv e n t h e assu ran ce t h at t h e fo rm e r G ran d Pri or L av at e r had re sign e d he w as , , ,

app o i n t e d t o t h e o ffice an d t he A rchiv e s c l o s e d i n 1 7 9 3 w e re t ran s f rr d

, e e fro m Zuri c h t o , ,

B asle We h ave t hus o n ce m ore a S co t s Te mplar D i re c t ory o f t he Vt h Provin ce at B asle bu t

.
.
,

t his t im e for all S w it z e rlan d t h at at L aus an n e h avin g s t ru ck o u t a p at h o f i t s o w n

-
.

S OLE UR E I n 1 8 09 t his C an t on w as first o p e n e d t o t h e C raft by t h e co n s t it ut i on o f a

.
-

Lo dge u n d e r t he Gran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce .

ZUR I C H —I n 1 8 1 0— March 4— a form e r S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce L o dg e was re op e n e d by t h

e
D ire ct ory at B asle .

1
I t was re viv d l e at e r o n , an d il
w l be m e n t i on e d gia a n.
 S WI TZ E R LA N D . 2 93

A AR GAU — I n t his . m an cip at e d C an t on t he fi rst sign s of impro v e m e n t m ay be s e e n

ne wly e .

H e ld m an n l Zscho k k e 2 an d o t h e rs o p e n e d a Lo dge i n 1 8 1 0 at A arau

, ,
Th e y w e re obli g e d .

t o apply t o B asl e for a con s t i t u t i o n as t h e y di d n o t w ish t o b e co m e subs e rvi e n t t o a fore ig n

,

j u risdi ct ion bu t t h e y fi rmly re j e ct e d fro m t h e o u t s e t high d e gre e s Te mplarism an d Un k n o w n

, , , , ,

S u p e riors t o ge t h e r w it h o t h e r i n n o v at io n s o f a lik e ch aract e r an d wo rk e d i n t he t hre e d e gre e s

, ,

o n ly accordi n g t o S ch ro e d e r s R it u al
’
.

B E RNE — I n 1 8 02 — S e pt e mb e r 1 4— t he L o dg e H o p e w as w arran t e d by t he G ran d Ori e n t o f

.

F ran ce an d i n 1 8 04 a R o s e C ro ix Ch ap t e r was add e d o f whi c h Tave l w as t h e Mas t e r F ro m

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.

i t s e arli e st days t his L o dge w as d e v o t e d t o t h e t ask o f fo rm i n g on e s ol e M as on i c au t h orit y for

S w it z e rl an d w hic h sh o uld b e i n d e p e n d e n t t he S co t s D ire ct ori e s b e in g o f co urs e o n ly p art ly ,

so as t h e y w e re s
, ub ordi n at e d t o t he Prov G M o f t he Vt h Pro vi n ce i e C amb acere s I t . . . .
, . .
, .

e v e n re ce iv e d e n co urag e m e n t fro m t h e G O o f F ran c e t o assum e i t s e l f t his bu t re fus e d .

t h e o ffe r fro m a fe ar l e s t i t s i n t e n t i on s migh t b e mis co n s t ru e d as a usurp at i o n Thi s Lo dge .

h as e v e r si n ce b e e n on e o f t h e fi rs t i n t he C o n fe d e rat io n an d i n 1 8 1 3 had t h e h on o u r ,

o f i n i t i at i n g P ri n ce L e o p o ld o f S ax e C o b u rg G o t h a subs e qu e n t ly t h e fi rst Ki n g o f t he-

,

B e lgi an s .

F ro m 1 7 9 5 t o 1 8 1 3 w e t hus se e S wi t z e rl an d divid e d b e t w e e n t h e G O o f F ran ce an d t he .

S co t s D ire ct ori e s o f t he Vt h P rovi n ce The G e rm an C an t on s p o ss e ss e d o n ly a fe w Lo dg e s

. .
,

whi c h w e re m ore n um e ro us i n t he F re n ch p ro vin ce s an d at G e n e va Th e re w as mu ch co n .

fusi on t he m o s t h op e fu l sign s b e i n g t h e e xis t e n ce o f t h e t w o n e w L o dg e s i n A arau an d B e rn e

, .

Wit h N ap o l e o n s fall an d t he C on gre ss o f V i e n n a t h e C on fe de rat ion w as re mo de lle d

’
.

Vaud an d A argau w e re con fi rm e d as in d e p e n d e n t C an t on s an d N e u fchat e l an d G e n e va w e re ,

add e d i nt he s am e cap ac it y This w as n o t accomplish e d wi t h o u t mu ch i n t e rn al frict ion an d

.
,

d u ri n g t he t ro ubl e d y e ars 1 8 1 3 L1 6 M as on ry m ay be look e d up on as o n ce m ore d orm an t in

, ,

S wit z e rlan d .

Wit h t he re sumpt ion of Mas on i c act ivit y i n 1 8 1 6 we m ay ce as e t o con sid e r t he sub

je ct un d e r t he h e adi n g o f t he di ffe re n t C an t on s bu t c on fin e o u r at t e n t io n t o t h e fort u n e s ,

o f t h e v ari o us sys t e ms t h at is t he G ran d Ori e n t s o f F ran ce an d o f t he H e lv e t i c R i t e i n

, , ,

Laus an n e t he D ire ct ory o f t he R e ct ifi e d S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce an d t h e L odge o f H op e at

, , ,

B e rn e .

THE G R AND OR I E NT OF F R AN CE m ay b e s o on di smiss e d I t gradually l o s t i t s L o dg e s .

t hro ugh o ut t he c o u n t ry chi e fly t hro ugh i t s o wn u n w ort hi n e ss, Th o s e t h at s t ill re m ai n e d t ru e .

t o i t w e re p ract ic ally l e ft t o t h e ir o wn d e vic e s ; of t h e o t h e rs s o m e j o in e d t he D i re ct ory an d ,

ot h e rs t h e G O o f Laus an n e Man y di e d ou t alt og e t h e r

. . .

THE D I RE CTORY on TH E R E CTIFI E D R I TE — This fe ll i n t o a s t at e o f d e cay an d i n ,

1 8 1 7 t h e G M Burkh ard dyi n g w as re pl ace d by K asp ar Ot t o f Z uri ch A s a co n s e que n ce t he

. .
, , , .

archiv e s an d D ire ct ory w e re t ran s fe rre d fro m B asl e t o Zuri ch The sys t e m w as s t re n gt h e n e d .

by t he adh e si on o f s om e G e n e v a L o dg e s i n 1 8 1 6 an d by t wo n e w L o dg e s i n S t G all an d Chu r ,

( Bris on s) t hus o p e n i n g up t wo fre sh C an t o n s t o t he C raft I n 1 8 2 0 G M Ot t di e d at a t ime

, . . .

wh e n F re e mason ry was u n d e rgo in g a se ri e s o f virule n t at t acks an d i t w as t ho ugh t advisable ,

n o t t o at t rac t at t e n t i on by a n e w e l e ct i on A n am e s ak e t h o ugh n ot a re l at iv e o f t h e l ast .

, ,

G M on e H an s C asp ar Ot t was t h e re fo re e n t rus t e d wit h t he d i re ct i o n o f affairs

. .
, , I n 18 2 1 a .

1
Cf . C h pt a er III .
, passim .
2
To wh os e wor kI am i d bt e d f r m h i
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post , 2 9 7, n ot e .
2 94 S WI TZ E R L A N D .

ne w L o dg e at Win t e rt hur i n t he C an t on
Zu ri ch w as w arran t e d an d i n 1 8 2 3 t he L o dg e s i n
,
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L o cl e an d N e u fchat e l u n d e r t h e G O o f F ran ce j o i n e d t he R e c t ifi e d R it e
, This m ad e n in e
.
, .

Lo dge s o f t his sys t e m whi c h had n o w re ach e d i t s c ulmi n at i n g p o i n t bu t s t ill p e rsist e d i n i t s

, ,

re fusal t o ai d i n formi n g a N at i on al G ran d L o dg e o t h e rw is e t h an by abs o rbi n g al l o t h e rs

w it hi n i t se l f I t w as h o w e v e r virt u ally t he N at i on al G L odg e for t h e G e rm an C an t o n s b u t
.
, , .
,

u n fort u n at e ly i t s con du ct o f affairs did n o t e qu al i t s st re n g t h i n L o dge s .

G R AN D OR IE N T on THE H E LVE TI c R I TE — This b o dy re op e n e d on March 9 1 8 1 6 wit h , ,

n i n e L o dge s G M Glaire re sign e d o n acco u n t o f old age (die d M arch 2 6

. . . an d w as ,

re pl ac e d by V e rd e il The sys t e m w as s t re n g t h e n e d by s o m e G e n e v a L o dg e s an d a fe w n e w
.

o n e s an d i n 1 8 2 0 Be rgi e r d ll le n s su cce e d e d V e rd e il as G M
’

, Vario us p rop o s als from B e rn e . .

t o j o i n t he H op e Lo dg e i n formi n g a N at i on al G ran d L o dg e h ad b e e n re fus e d by t he C o m

, ,

m i t t e e o f G ran d Offi ce rs ; bu t t he id e a was t akin g roo t gradu ally am on g t h e ran k an d fi le o f

t h e privat e Lo dg e s .

BE R NE — I n 1 8 1 7 t he H o p e fi n di n g i t s e l f s e v e re d fro m i t s m o t h e r t h e Gran d Ori e n t o f

.
, ,

F ran ce m ad e p ro p o s als t o Ot t t h e G M o f t he D i re ct o ry bu t w i t h o ut re sul t s

, , I n s e arch o f
. .
, .

a n e w p are n t an d h av i n g fully m ad e
, up i t s min d t o disp e n s e i n fu t u re w it h all high
d e gre e s i t appli e d i n 1 8 1 8 t o t h e G ran d L o dge of E n glan d for a c on s t it ut i on
, Th e D uk e .

o f S uss e x n ot o n ly g ran t e d t his re qu e s t b u t rais e d t he L o dg e (N o 7 06 t o t h e p o si t i o n o f a

) , .

Provi n ci al G ran d Lo dg e un d e r Tav e l G M This u n loc k e d for fav ou r was h ardly w e l com e as
, ,
. .
-
,

i t s c arce ly al lo w e d t he Lo dg e t o t ak e up i t s fo rm e r i n d e p e n d e n t p o sit i on i n p rop o si n g a

N at ion al G ran d L o dg e H o we v e r t h e L o dge acce p t e d t he p at e n t b as e d i t s co n s t i t ut i o n s o n
.
, ,

t he w o rk o f D r A n d e rs on an d u n abl e t o ob t ai n a w ri t t e n ri t u al fro m L on d on ad op t e d, ,

t h at o f S ch roe d e r The Pro vi n cial Gran d L o dg e was i n augu rat e d Ju n e 2 4 1 8 1 9 an d all t h e

.
, ,

n i n e t e e n L o dge s o f S w i t z e rl an d wi t h o u t re g ard t o div e rg e n ce o f ri t u al an d p roce du re w e re

, ,

i n vit e d t o at t e n d I n 1 8 2 1 i t c on s t it ut e d i t s first d augh t e r i n N e u fchat e l an d ask e d t he

.
,

L ausan n e G ran d Ori e n t t o u n it e wi t h i t i n formi n g a N at i on al G ran d L o dg e —bu t t he t im e for

t his h ad n ot ye t arriv e d .

LAUS AN NE — E ve n t s wi t hi n t hi s Gran d b o dy b ro ugh t ab o u t t he d e sire d re sul t The

. .

brot h e rs Be d arri d e arriv e d i n S wit z e rl an d t o e st abli sh t h e ir R it e of M i sraim A ft e r mu ch ill

“

su cce ss t h e y forme d t wo L odg e s at Laus an n e an d won o v e r t h e G M Be rgi e r t o t h e ir caus e ,

. . .

I t w as arran g e d t h at t he L o dg e s sh o u ld submi t t o t h e Gran d L o dg e so far as co n ce rn e d t h e fi rs t

t h re e d e gre e s b u t t h e high d e gre e s w e re t o b e w ro ugh t u n d e r Be d arri d e
,
Be rgi e r at t e mpt e d .

t o c arry o u t t his p roj e ct at a G ran d Lo dg e h e ld i n 1 8 2 1 b u t w as o pp o s e d by t h e m aj ori t y ,

at t he m e e t i n g an d by his D e put y Mi e ville H e fi n ally re sign e d an d l e ft t h e L o dg e , . .

M i e vi lle s p art y t h e n agre e d t o e ffe ct a fusi on w i t h t h e E n glish Pro vin ci al Gran d Lo dge at
’

B e rn e On Oct ob e r 2 3 1 8 2 1 t he S ubli m e Ch ap t e r m e t u n d e r Be rgi e r and diss o lve d t he Gran d

. , ,

L odge whi ch h e ld fro m t h e m re solvi n g t o re sum e s o l e con t ro l o f affairs

, ,
The Ch ap t e r ho w .
,

e v e r did n o t fo ll o w up t his s t e p
,
an d b e cam e p ract i c ally d orm an t The m e mb e rs of t he
,
.

d e fun ct G ran d Ori e n t e n t rust e d t h e ir p o w e r o f at t orn e y t o t he forme r C o ll e ge o f Gran d

Offi ce rs The P ro vin cial G ran d Lo dge o f B e rn e addre ss e d a c ircul ar t o e ach o f t he p rivat e
.

L o dg e s an d n ot as form e rly t o t he Gran d L o dg e

, ,
The C o mmit t e e of Gran d Offi c e rs re pli e d
,
.

on b e h al f o f t he L o dg e s t o t h e s e o v e rt u re s an d a m e e t in g w as h e ld at B e rn e
—A pril 2 9 1 8 2 2 , ,

—b e t we e n t he de pu t ie s of t he t wo B e rn e an d o f fi ve Vaud Lo dge s I t was d e cid e d .

t o form a G ran d Lodge on t h e E n glish sys t e m ; t o re cog n i se t h re e d e gre e s o n ly b u t ,

 S WI TZ E R L A N D . 2 95

t o t ole rate h e rs as a re fug e for t he pl ay o f fan cy ; t o all o w t he con s t it u e n t

an y ot

Lodg e s t o pre s e rv e t h e i r own rit u als bu t t o re qui re n e w L o dge s t o u se t he S ch roe d e r

,

v e rsi on The L aus ann e Gran d L odge diss o lv e d May 1 8 1 8 2 2 an d e x act ly a w e e k lat e r t he
.
, , ,

E n glish P rovi n c i al G ran d L o dg e foll o w e d sui t A N at i on al G ran d L odg e o f S w i t z e rl an d was

.

t h e n con s t it ut e d by t h e M as t e rs an d Ward e n s o f t he s e v e n L o dg e s The H o p e Lo dge re sum e d i t s .

place as a p rivat e L odg e u n d e r t his Gran d L o dge ; an d an e igh t h L odge at G e n e va imm e di at e ly

proffe re d i t s alle gian ce The G ran d L o dg e w as i n augurat e d Ju n e 2 4 w h e n Tav e l was e le ct e d
.
,

G M an d t wo m ore G e n e va L o dge s j o in e d
. .
,
The G ran d Lo dge e n t e re d up on a p ro sp e ro us
.

care e r re c e ivi n g adh e si on s fro m al

, l p art s an d i n t h e co urs e o f a fe w y e ars i t s d augh t e r
,

L o dg e s had c e as e d t o w ork an y high d e gre e s an d had all ad op t e d t he S chro e d e r R i t u al ,

.

R E CTIFIE D R ITE — Le ft face t o face wi t h a sin gl e riv al t hi s b o dy b e t h o ugh t it s e lf t o pu t ,

i t s h o us e i n ord e r The fi rst s t e p w as t o fill t h e v acan t G ran d M as t e rship an d S arasin o f

.
, ,

B asl e was e le ct e d t o t h at office A ll t he L o dge s o f t h e syst e m w e re i n vi t e d t o his in s t alla

, .

t i on ( 1 8 2 3 ) — n i n e i n all; an d v ari o us att e mp t s w e re m ad e t o b rin g t he sys t e m an d ri t e

m ore i n t o h arm on y w i t h t he spirit o f t he t im e s Bu t t he clo s e o f t his t he t hird p e rio d o f .
,

S wiss Mas on ry p re s e n t s t o us t w o G ran d B o di e s on e —on t he wan e —t he an t iqu at e d Te mpl ar

, ,

syst e m an d t he o t h e r— o ld e r st ill—an offsh oot of t h e pure E n glish Craft lus t y as a yo un g

, ,

gi an t p re p are d t o ru n hi s race —an d con fid e n t o f vi ct ory

, .

The fo urt h p e ri o d t h e re fo re o p e n s wi t h t h e N at i o n al Gran d L o dge of B e rn e an d t he Gran d

D ire ct ory of t he R e ct ifi e d R it e at B asl e on ly in t he fi e ld ; for t h e H e lv e t i c R it e w hi c h ,

st ill p re t e n d e d t o e xist for v e ry m an y y e ars re s e mbl e d a g e n e ral w i t h o ut an army or a h e ad

, ,

wit ho ut a b o dy .

'

I n 1 8 2 8 t he R e ct i fi e d G rand Lo dge w as so dull an d li fe l e ss t h at S arasin re sign e d an d ,

i t was n o t u n t il 1 8 2 9 t h at Vo n E s ch e r o f Zuri ch w as e l e ct e d i n his s t e ad ,

The L o dg e s , .

t h e ms e lv e s w e re i n d u ce d t o t ak e p art i n fe st iv als an d m e e t in gs o f t he N at ion al G ran d L o dge ,

an d i n di vidu ally w e re n ot av e rs e t o a fusi o n t h o ugh u n pre p are d t o t ak e act iv e s t e ps fro m an

,

h o n ourable fe e li n g of lo yalt y t ow ards t h e ir G ran d Offi ce rs On ly on e L odge t h at at L o cl e .

, ,

d e s e rt e d t o t he N at io n al G ran d L o dge .

I n 1 8 3 0— Jun e 1 9 — Tav e l G M o f t he N at ion al G ran d L o dg e di e d

, . . The n e w e l e c t i o n , .

w as d e l ay e d i n ord e r t o m ak e a furt h e r at t e mp t at a fusi o n The Lo dge o f Ho p e on ce m ore .

t ook t he m at t e r i n h an d Bu t t he July re v olu t ion i n P aris had rais e d an e ch o in t he C an t on s

.

w h e re t he s t ill s o m e wh at p at ri c ian s t yl e of g o v e rn m e n t was i n co urs e o f b e in g o v e rt h ro w n .

Un d e r t h e s e ci rc umst an ce s t he Gran d D ire ct ory— R e ct ifi e d R it e — t h ough t t h e m o m e n t n o t a

p ro pit io us on e for at t ract i n g public at t e n t i on t o t he F rat e rn it y bu t admit t e d i t s i n abili t y t o ,

co p e wi t h t he spi ri t o f t he t im e s an d d e cl are d i t w o uld n ot at t e mp t t o p re v e n t i t s d augh t e rs

,

s e ce di n g n or fe e l hurt at t h e ir d e s e rt i on A s alre ady re lat e d a s e n t im e n t al fe e lin g pre v e n t e d

, .
,

t his an d as t h e e ff ort w as e vid e n t ly n ot d e s t i n e d t o succe e d t he N at i o n al G ran d L o dge co n

, ,

t e n t e d i t s e l f w it h qui e t ly m aki n g fri e n ds i n all dire ct i on s S h ort ly aft e rwards t h e D uk e .

Ch arle s of H e ss e C ass e l G M of t h e R e ct i fi e d sys t e m di e d ; t he Pro vi n ce s o f t he Ord e r had

, . .
,

al l ce as e d t o e xis t e x ce p t B u rgu n dy re pre s e n t e d by t he D ire ct o ry i n S wi t z e rl an d an d h alf a

, ,

L odge i n B e s an con whi ch profe sse d t o be t he Pro vi n ci al Ch ap t e r an d t hus i n 1 8 44 i t b e cam e

, ,

p o ssibl e wit h t he t acit con s e n t o f t he alm o s t d e fu n ct D i re ct ory t o app oi n t a c o mmissi on t o

, ,

d raw up t he con st it ut i on s o f t he prop o se d S ole G ran d L odge This c o n s t it ut i on was fi n ally .

approve d at Zuri ch July 2 2 1 8 44 by 1 4 L o dg e s p re s e n t on t h e occasi on

, , , The fo ll o w i n g d ay .
2 96 S WI TZ E R L A N D .

H ot t i n ge r was l d G ran d M ast e r t h e t wo G ran d Lo dg e s p re vi o usly e xis t i n g m ad e ov e r t o

e e ct e , .

him all t h e i r righ t s an d du t i e s an d diss olv e d n e w Gran d Offi ce rs w e re app o in t e d an d , ,

July 2 4 1 8 44— t he G ran d L o dge A lpi n a o f S wi t z e rl an d m e t for t he first t im e On ly six

, , , .

Lo dg e s re fus e d t o j o i n ; on e o f t h e s e was d orm an t t h e o t h e rs w e re i n G e n e v a ; o n e p e rsist e d i n ,

re t ai n i ng t he R e ct ifi e d sys t e m an d hu n g o n t o t h e sh ad o w o f a Ch ap t e r at B e s an co n
, t h re e
s t ill o w n e d t he sway of t h e G ran d Orie n t o f F ran ce an d on e t h at o f t h e S upre m e C o un cil 3 3 ,
°

o f t he s am e c ou n t ry S o t h at t he clo s e o f t h e fo urt h p e ri o d l e ave s us wi t h p ract i cally a un i te d

.

C raft in S wi t z e rl an d u n d e r t h e G ran d L odg e A lpi n a Th e re is n o n e ce ssi t y t o d e s crib e i t s .

c on s t i t u t i o n s at l e n g t h ; t h e y w e re alm o s t id e n t i c al wi t h t h o s e o f E n gl an d b o t h i n spi ri t an d

m achin e ry .

The fi ft h p e rio d e x t e n d s t o t he p re s e n t t im e The con st i t ut i on had e n act e d six y e ars as .

t h e t e rm o f o ffi ce for t h e G M H ot t in ge r t h e re fore re t ire d i n 1 8 50 an d was su cc e e d e d by

. .
-
,

Jun g The l ast Provi n cial Gran d Ch ap t e r of t he R e ct ifi e d R it e at B e s an co n h avi n g di e d o u t

.

i n 1 8 4 5 t he on ly re m ain in g Lo dg e o f t his syst e m ( G e n e v a) j o i n e d t he G ran d L o dg e A lpi n a i n

,

1 8 51 ; an d t he s am e co urs e w as pu rsu e d by t he G e n e va L o dg e w o rkin g un d e r t he A an d .

Two o f t he t hre e G e n e v a Lo dge s u n d e r t he G O o f F ran ce als o affi li at e d

°
A S R 3 3 at Paris
. . . . .

i n co urs e o f t im e t hus l e av i n g o n ly on e fore ig n Lo dg e i n t he C on fe d e rat ion

, .

Bu t t he e x t in ct or rat h e r d orm an t S up re m e Ch ap t e r o f t h e old H e lve t i c R it e at Laus an n e

m ad e p e ri o di cal e ffort s t o re cov e r con t rol o f t he Lo dg e s t h o ugh i t only so far su c ce e d e d as t o ,

graft R o s e Cro ix Ch ap t e rs o n s om e fe w F re n ch L o dge s an d t o so w diss e n sion in t he F re n c h ,

C an t on s On t he ot h e r h an d s o m e old high d e gre e M as on s of t he R e ct i fi e d R i t e fo ll o w e d a

. ,

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i n 1 8 7 4 place d Tsch arn e r at t h e h e ad o f t he C raft w ho was i n t urn su cce e d e d by J oh n ,

C u i n ou d .

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I TALY .

Un t il 1 8 59 60 I t aly m e re ly a g e ographi cal e xpre ssi o n so t h at t o ob t ai n an y am ou n t

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o f S wi t z e rl an d t o t re at t h e v ari o us s t at es s e p arat e ly
, .

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.

t h e A us t ri an E mpire ; i n 1 7 3 3 i t w as ce d e d t o S p ai n ; i n 1 7 59 u n de r F e rdi n an d I V i t p ass e d .

as an in d e p e n d e n t ki n gd o m t o t h e y o u n g e r b ran ch o f t h e R o y al H o us e o f S p ai n ; i n 1 8 05

N aple s— b u t n ot S i cily— w as an n e x e d t o F ran ce ; i n 1 8 06 J o s e ph Bu on ap art e was m ad e

Kin g of N apl e s an d w as foll o w e d i n 1 8 08 by J oachi m Mu rat i n 1 8 1 5 t he t wo S i cili e s w e re
,

re u n i t e d u n d e r F e rd i n an d ; an d i n 1 8 60 G arib aldi i n corp orat e d t h e m wit h t he re ce n t ly fo rm e d

kin gd o m o f I t aly .

I t w o uld app e ar t h at ab o u t 1 7 50 a G re e k e s t ablish e d a L o dg e i n N apl e s an d t h at o n ,

July 1 0 1 7 51 Ch arl e s I I I i n flu e n c e d by t he Bull o f B e n e di ct I V prohibit e d F re e m as on ry

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.

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,

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t o E n gl an d Ou r L o dg e Lis t s sh ow n o e vid e n ce o f t his t ran s act ion bu t p e rh aps t he app o i n t

.
,

m e n t of D on N i ch o l as M e n uzzi by L ord Blan e y ( 1 7 64 as Pro v G M for I t aly 1 m ay . . .

,

t e n d t o supp ort t h e ass e rt i on .

I n 1 7 64— F e b ru ary 2 7 — a N at i o n al G ran d L o dg e w as e re ct e d wit h fo u r d augh t e rs i n

.

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, .

B e sid e s t h e s e t h e re e xis t e d i n N apl e s i n 1 7 7 5 accordin g t o a re p ort sign e d by t h e Gran d ,

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his S ic ilian Maj e s t y s re gim e n t o f F oot an d N O ’

We ll Ch o s e n Lo dge Pri n ce , .
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. .

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,

an d his mi n is t e r Tan u cci — an u n s crupul o us an d i n v e t e rat e e n e my o f t h e C raft — at l as t

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i n du ce d hi m — S e p t e mb e r 1 2 1 77 5— t o supp re ss F re e m as onry The L o dge s c lo s e d bu t

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i n t h e c us t o m ary m an n e r whi ch t he age nt s o f Tan u cci at t ribut e d t o t h e m achi n at i on s o f

,

t h e M as on s an d a re gular p e rs e c ut i on e n su e d Bu t F e rdin an d s wife Qu e e n C arolin e

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, .
,

d augh t e r of t he E mp e ror F ran cis o f L orrain e l ov e d Mas on s w e ll Owi n g t o he r adv ocacy .

t h e e di ct w as re v ok e d an d Tan u cci dismiss e d I n Ju n e 1 7 7 6 D i e go N as e lli was e l e ct e d G M . . .

1
Co n t t u tsi i s p 3 65 t q on , 1 7 67 , . a se .

9
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t he p rop e rt y an d arc hiv e s w e re s e iz e d On t h e s am e d ay t he I n quisi t io n cap t ure d t h e .

ch arl at an C agli o s t ro w h o s e e v il re pu t e had act e d m o st p re j udi ci ally u p o n F re e m as on ry

,
.

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of

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asp e rsi o n s .

I n 1 8 09 t he Pap al S t at e s w e re i n corp orat e d wi t h F ran ce an d R o me w as d e cl are d t h e ,

s e co n d capit al o f t he e mpi re Un d e r F re n ch rule s e v e ral L odg e s w e re e st ablish e d bu t o n. ,

2
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t e e t rn o f o e P p Pius VI I i n 1 8 1 4 t h e C ra ft w as on ce m o re e ffe c t u ally. supp re ss e d It .

w as n o t u n t il 1 8 61 t h at a n e w L o d g e Op e n e d i n whi ch y e ar on e w as form e d u n d e r t he G ran d ,

Ori e n t o f Turi n We m ay n o w l e av e t h e s e s t at e s un t il 1 8 7 0 w h e n t he F ran c o Prussi an war

.
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-

p e rmit t e d Vi ct or E mm an u e l t o un i t e t he an c ie n t c apit al t o his k i n gd o m o f I t aly .

TUS CA N Y— F LOR E NCE — On t he e x t in c t io n o f t he Me di c i fami ly i n 1 7 3 7 F ran c is o f

.
,

Lorrai n e 3 re c e iv e d t his G ran d D u chy i n e x ch an ge for L orrain e w hi ch h ad b e e n co n qu e re d by ,

Lo uis X I V o f F ran ce an d pre s e n t e d t o hi s fat h e r i n law S t an islaus e x Ki n g o f P olan d

.
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, ,
- .

Wh e n F ran cis was e le ct e d G e rm an E mp e ror i n 1 7 45 t he D u chy was v e st e d i n t he j un ior ,

bran ch of t he A us t ri an family bu t i n 1 7 9 0 re v e rt e d t o t h e imp e ri al crow n u n d e r L e op old ,

wh e n his e ld e r brot h e r J o s e ph I I di e d childle ss A s F ran cis o f L o rrain e w as G ran d D uk e . .

fro m 1 7 3 7 t o 1 7 65 i t is s o m e wh at su rp risi n g t h e C raft sh o uld h av e p ro sp e re d so li t t l e i n

,

T us can y duri n g t h at p e ri o d ; for t he o n ly L o dg e o f w hic h w e h e ar suppose d t o h av e b e e n ,

fo un de d i n 1 7 3 3 by L o rd S ackville an d cl o s e d u n d e r t h e p e rs e cu t ion s o f t h e I n quisi t i on i n ,

1 7 3 9 p ro b ably n e v e r e xis t e d at all

, I t s e xis t e n ce has o n ly b e e n in fe rre d on t h e au t h orit y .

o f a m e d al by N at t e r d at e d 1 7 3 3 whi c h m e d al is alm o s t ce rt ai n ly a fraud p e rp e t rat e d at a ,

mu ch l at e r d at e i n t h e i n t e re s t s o f t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce 4 F ro m t his supp o sit it io us L o dge . ,

h o w e v e r b o t h t h e S we dish syst e m an d t h e S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce h av e p rofe ss e d t o re ce ive t h at

,

light d e ni e d t o E nglan d i n 1 7 1 7 ; bu t w h e t h e r t his le ge n d ary t ran s mi ssio n i n spire d t h e m e d al ,

o r wh e t h e r t he m e d al g av e ris e t o t h e l e ge n d I am u n abl e t o sa
y n o r w o uld i t p ro fi t us mu c h , ,

t o i n quire B e y on d t his ap ocryph al L o dge w e h av e on ly g e n e ral acco un t s of F re e m as on ry i n

.

Tus can y 5 u n t il Jun e 2 4 1 7 63 wh e n a Lo dge —N o 1 1 7— w as e s t ablish e d at L e gh orn 6 by t he

, , .

S chism at i c G L of E n gl an d (A n ci e n ts) . . Thi s w as fo ll o w e d by a s e con d— N o 1 3 8 —i n 1 7 65 . .

( u n d e r t h e s am e s a n c t i o n
) als o at L e gh o r n w h e r e i n 1 7 7 1 t w o f u
, rt h e r L o dg e s — of P e rfe ct , , ,

Uni on N o 4 1 0 an d o f S in c e re B rot h e rly Lo v e N o 4 1 2 —w e re con s t it ut e d by t h e o ld e r

, .
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(or l e git im at e ) G ran d Lo dge o f E n glan d .

Troops w e re qu art e re d i n t he D u chy by t h e F re n ch i n 1 7 9 6 9 7 an d we agai n h e ar o f -

,

1
pp 1 8 3 1 8 7
A c t a Lat o m o ru m , Ch p XX pp 47 7 47 8 .
- A t p 286
.
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disp t t s wh w t d t h sig t s f G B A d D y d st
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een n er c e e re w h ld g i w i t h llt h lib t y
ur n e d f d m i m g i bl
e o e re a u e are n o e a a n a e er an re e o a na e,

an d wi t h t yd d f t h I q isit i whi h h
ou an re a igh t t t t k s i t y f whi h t h w s v ig [ F is
o e n u on , c as n o r o a ac a oc e o c e ne o e re n ran c

o fL i ] is m mb
o rra n e Th F e m s s f L gh
a e h v lso p d t h i L dg s ( M M g l iv J ly
er . e re a on o e or
n a e a re o ene e r o e
”
as. a , vo . .
, u

1 8 76 p , .

U d th b
6
n fi t sw y f t h M d i i
er e ligi s t l t i w st blish d t L gh
e ne ce n a o d m h t f ll e e c , re ou o e ra on as e a e a e orn , an e rc an s o a

na ti s fl k d th
on W l
oc e f m B s w ll t h t t h
e re .w B i t ish f t y i t h t i t y t whi h t h R
e e arn ro M o e a e re as a r ac o r n a c , o c e e v. r

Bu by w
rna h p l i i 1 7 65 ( Ac t of C si 1 7 68 p f p xiv
as c a a n, n cou n or ca, , re ace , . .
 TA L Y .
30 1

L o dge s at L e gh orn whi ch h o w e v e r w e re cl os e d by t he G ran d D u k e i n 1 8 00 Bu t he w as

, , ,
.

hims e lf d riv e n o u t by t h e F re n ch an d hi s D u chy t ran s form e d i n t o an E t ru s can R e p u blic , ,

t h e n i n t o a ki n gd o m o f Tus can y an d fi n ally an n e x e d t o F ran ce w i t h N ap o l e on s sis t e r t h e

’

, , ,

D u ch e ss o f Lu cca as G ran d D u ch e ss C on s e qu e n t ly fro m 1 8 07 t o 1 8 09 w e fi n d L o dg e s

,
.
, ,

e re ct e d b o t h at F l ore n ce an d L e gh orn h aili n g e i t h e r fro m t h e G ran d Ori e n t s o f F ran ce or ,

o f I t aly at Mil an 1
[ ] Bu t w i t h t h e re t u rn of t he (A us t ri an ) G ran d D uk e F e rdi n an d i n 1 8 1 4
.

al l M as o n ry o n ce m ore di e d o u t an d w as n o t re viv e d u n t il i n 1 8 59 Tus can y b e cam e a p art , , ,

o f t h e ki n gd o m o f I t aly .

GE N OA The Old B ri t ish an d Ligu rian L o dge N o 444 w as w arran t e d h e re by t he G ran d

.
-
, .
,

2
Lo dge o f E n glan d i n 1 7 8 2 A s Th ory re l at e s t h at s e v e ral M as on s w e re imp ris on e d h e re in
.

’
c on s e qu e n ce o f t h e S e n at e s e di ct o f M arc h 2 6 1 8 03 i t is p o ssibl e t h at t his L o dg e w as t h e n , ,

s t ill i n e xist e n c e This was u n d e r N ap ol e on s Liguri an R e public fi n ally e s t ablish e d i n 1 8 02

.
’

aft e r t h e A us t ri an s had h e ld t h e t o w n for t w o y e ars I n 1 8 05 t h e S t at e w as an n e x e d t o .

F ran ce an d t wo L o dg e s w e re e s t ablish e d u n d e r t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran c e 1 8 05—

, 1 8 07 ; a ,

t hird b u t e arli e r o n e is als o m e n t i on e d I n 1 8 1 4 G e n oa w as h an d e d o v e r t o S ardi n i a an d .

,

F re e m as on ry t h e re c e as e d t o e xis t .

L OM BA RDY MI LAN — We h av e alre ady s e e n t h at i n 1 7 8 4 wh e n t h e N at i on al G ran d L o dg e

, .
,

o f A us t ri a w as form e d a Pro vi n c i al G ran d L o dg e e xis t e d i n t hi s p ro vi n c e o f t h e A us t ri an

,

d o mi n i on s wi t h t w o d augh t e rs at C re m o n a an d Milan re sp e ct iv e ly 3 I t is n o t c l e ar w h e t h e r
, , .

t h e s e L o dg e s e xpire d b e fo re 1 7 9 4 o f t h e i r o w n w an t o f vi t ali t y o r w h e t h e r t h e y su rviv e d l o n g ,

e n o ugh t o b e c l o s e d by t he imp e ri al e di ct o f 1 7 9 5 I n 1 7 9 7 t his p ro vi n ce form e d p art o f .

N ap ol e on s Cis alpi n e R e publi c t o w hi ch I sh all again allud e

’
.
,

VE N E T IA —The Gran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d gran t e d w arran t s o n N ov e mb e r 2 7 1 7 7 2 t o t he

.
, ,

Uni on L o dge N o 4 3 8 at Ve n i ce ; an d on t h e 2 8 t h t o a L o dg e N o 4 3 9 at V e ron a N o t hi n g

, .
, , .
, .

furt h e r is k n o w n o f t h e i r his t ory b u t t h e y are supp o s e d t o h av e con t in u e d i n e xis t e n ce t ill

,

1 78 5 . I n Padu a i n 1 7 8 1 t h e re e xist e d a P re fe ct ory an d Ch ap t e r o f t he S t ri ct Obs e rvan ce

, ,

u n de r t he G ran d Pri ory o f t he VI I I t h P ro vi n ce i n Turi n w hi ch aft e r 1 7 8 2 w as ch an g e d t o .

, , , ,

t he I Vt h ; an d t his Ch ap t e r p re sid e d o v e r a
. L o dge i n Vi ce n z a of whi ch t h e re w e re ,

n o t i ce s i n 1 7 8 4 8 5 All t h e s e Lo dg e s an d an y o t h e rs whi ch m ay h av e e xist e d w e re sup

- .

pre ss e d by a d e cre e o f t he V e n e t i an S e n at e i n M ay 1 7 8 5 .

By t h e p e ace o f C amp o F ormio i n 1 7 9 7 Ve n e t i a w as divid e d p art go i n g t o A u s t ri a— wh e re

-
, ,

F re e m as on ry w as al re ady u n d e r a ban —an d p art t o t h e Cis alpin e R e publi c .

CI S A LP I NE R E PUBLI c —This form e d i n 1 7 9 7 o f Milan M o d e n a M an t u a B ol ogn a F e rrara

.
, , , , , ,

R o m agn o p art o f V e n e t i a e t c was calle d i n 1 8 01 t he I t alian R e p u bli c w it h N ap o l e on as

, , .
, , , ,

Pre sid e n t an d i n 1 8 05 b e cam e t he kin gd o m of I t aly wi t h Bu on ap art e as Ki n g an d E ug e n e

, , ,

B e auh arn ais as Vi c e roy

'

On D e c e mb e r 2 6 1 8 01 t h e F re n c h Gran d Ori e n t e re ct e d at Mil an t h e fi rst L o dg e i n t his

, ,

n e w S t at e I n 1 8 05— t he A an d A S R fo u n d e d a S up re m e C o u n c il 3 3 at Mil an w hi ch
. . . . .
°

c on st i t ut e d a G ran d Ori e n t fo r t h e ki n gd o m o f I t aly w i t h B e auh arn ais as G M The re ce n t ly , . .

fo rm e d G0 at N apl e s am algam at e d w i t h i t ! an d i n 1 8 08 i t w as re co gn is e d as an i n d e p e n d e n t
.

Gran d Ori e n t by t he G 0 at Paris Man y L o dg e s w e re co n st i t u t e d i n t he kin gd o m t w o at

. .
,

Milan i t s e lf 1 8 07 1 0 bu t t he w h o l e sys t e m w as supp re ss e d w h e n i n 1 8 1 4 t he kin gdo m w as

,
-
, ,

bro k e n up Parm a an d M o d e n a b e co mi n g s e p arat e S t at e s an d t he gre at e r p art of t he re m ain d e r

, ,

1
S ee bl
e o w. 2
A ct a Lat o m o ru m , p . 2 17 .
3
A n te , p . 287 .
4
I bi d .
, P 2 99
30 2 [ TA L Y .

falli n g t o A us t ri a, formi n g, wit h t he p re vi o usly acqui re d p ort i on o f Ve n e t i a t he A us t ri an ,

!

L omb ard o V e n e t ian ki n gd om F re e m as on ry t h e re fore c e as e d t o e xist h e re u n t il i n 1 8 60

- .

L o mb ardy an d i n 1 8 66 Ve n e t i a w e re i n corp orat e d w it h t he p re s e n t kin gd o m of I t aly

, , .

S ARD I N IA ( PI E DM ONT A ND S AVOY) — The firs t n ot i ce o f t he C raft i n t his ki n gd o m is t h e .

app oi n t m e n t by L ord R aym o n d G M o f t h e M arquis d e s M arch e s as P ro v G M for S av o y , . .

, . . .

an d Pi e dm on t i n B e y o n d t his b are re cord n o t hin g is k n o wn .

The n e x t n o t i ce is t he e xis t e n ce i n Pi e dm o n t (Tu rin ) i n 1 7 7 4 of a G ran d L o dge call e d , ,

°
La Mys t é ri e us e w orki n g a ri t e o f i t s o w n con sis t i n g o f t h e t h re e d e gre e s an d o f 4 E l e ct
, ,

G ran d M ast e r 5 P e rfe ct I rish Mast e r 6 G ran d S co t 7 K n igh t o f t h e E as t 8 H o ly K ad osch

° ° ° °

, , , , ,

This w as t ran s form e d by We il e r i n 1 77 5 i n t o t h e G re at Pri ory o f I t aly

°
an d 9 R o s e C ro ix .

(VI I I t h P ro vin ce ) or B ailiw i ck o f L o mb ardy at Turin wi t h We il e r hi ms e l f as G ran d Pri o r

.
, ,

a d a te
n f r hi m C o u n t B e rn e z 2
I t had t hre e sub ordi n at e P re fe c t ori e s— at N apl e s Turin a
. nd , ,

P adu a— an d a score or m ore of L o dg e s I n t he s am e y e ar— M arch 2 5 1 77 5—an E n glish .

,

L o dge S t J e an d e N o uv e lle E spéran ce N o 4 7 9 w as con st it ut e d at Turi n o f w h o s e sub

, , .
, ,

s e qu e n t hist ory n ot h i n g app e ars t o b e k n ow n .

S av oy i n 1 7 7 8 j o i n e d t he R e ct ifi e d S co t s R i t e o f t he S t ri ct Obs e rv an ce w i t h a D ire ct o ry
, , ,

La S i n cérit e —of t he I I n d Pro vi n ce (A uv e rg n e ) at Ch amb e ry

”
The G ran d Ori e n t o f
’

. .
,

F ran ce had h ow e ve r als o co n s t i t u t e d Lo dge s t h e re fro m 1 77 0 on w ards o f w hi ch o n e

, ,
The ,

Thre e M ort ars — cl aim e d t o be a G ran d Ori e n t o f S ardi ni a— a cl aim re j e ct e d by t h e G O .

o f F ran ce i n 1 7 9 0— an d e v e n w arran t e d a L o dge as far o ff as D re sd e n I n 1 7 8 2 als o as w e .

,

h av e alre ady s e e n n o l e ss t h an 1 4 L o dge s e xist e d i n Pi e dm o n t an d S av o y d e p e n d e n t up on

,

3
h
t e S cot s D ire ct ory or F re n c h H e lv e t i a
f i n L ausa e
n n .

I n 1 7 8 8 t he Ki n g o f S ard i n i a V i ct or A m ad e us I I I o rd e re d t he S t rict Obs e rvan ce G ran d , .

,

Priory i n Tu ri n t o diss olv e an d t ran sfe r i t s p o w e rs t o t he S cot s D ire ct ory at Ch amb e ry whi ch
, ,

t hus b e cam e t h e re cogn is e d G ran d Lo dge of t h e ki n gd o m .

Bu t on J an u ary 1 1 1 7 9 0 t his G ran d Lo dge w as als o di ss o lv e d by t h e Kin g (t h ough F re e

, ,

m ason ry was n o t o t h e rwis e in t e rfe re d w i t h) an d t he Lo dg e s t ran s fe rre d t h e ir all e gian ce —as ,

t h e C raft i t s e l f w as n ot pl ace d u n d e r an in t e rdi ct —t o t he G ran d Orie n t s o f F ran c e an d

G e n e v a o r t o t he D ire ct ory at L aus an n e
, .

I n 1 7 9 2 S avo y w as ce d e d t o F ran c e an d t h e C raft t h e re re viv e d u n d e r t he G O of t h e , .

l at t e r cou n t ry Two y e ars lat e r— M ay 2 0 1 7 9 4—V i ct or A m ad e us I I I issu e d an e dict t ot ally

.
, .

suppre ssin g Mas on ry t hro ugh o ut t h e re m ai n d e r o f his d omi n i on s I n 1 7 9 8 h o we v e r his .

, ,

s ove re ign t y w as re st ri ct e d t o t he I slan d of S ardin i a The F re n ch occ upi e d Pi e dm on t l o st i t .

,

t e mp orari ly i n 1 7 9 9 co n v e rt e d i t i n t o a R e publi c i n 1 8 02 an d an n e x e d i t t o F ran ce a fe w

, ,

m on t hs lat e r Un d e r F re n c h rule a L o dg e w as warran t e d i n Turin an d prob ably o t h e rs

.
,

u n d e r t he Gran d Ori e n t of I t aly at Milan ! b u t t h e y w e re all sh ort liv e d for i n 1 8 1 4 t he Ki n g -

,

o f S ardi ni a re o b t ai n e d p o ss e ssi on o f Pi e dm o n t (e n l arg e d ) an d o f S av o y b e sid e s ac quirin g

-
,

G e n oa an d i n 1 8 1 4— M ay 2 0—re n e w e d t h e e di ct of 1 7 9 4 rigidly suppre ssi n g F re e m ason ry

,
.

1
s i i s 1 7 56 p 3 3 3
Co n t t u t on , , . .

I t h E g v d Lis t f
1
1 7 73 d s bs q t ly i F em s s C l d t i l 1 8 04 C u t d B z '
n e n ra e th or , an u e ue n n e re a on a en ar un ,
o n e e rn e

app s E glish P v G M f Pi dm t i I t ly I m t w wh t h h w t h G M f t h M yst é i s

e ar as n ro . . . or e on n a . a no a are e er e as e . . o e r eu e,

b t v
u if
e i t w ld
en t b th s l
so , x m pl f E glish P v G M p sidi g v ss m bli s wh d g s w
ou no e e o e e a e o an n ro . . . re n o er a e e e re e re e e re

w ght t h t h t h s f t h C ft
ro u o er an o e o e ra .

8
A t p 291 n e, . . m e p 3 01 4
, . .
 I TA L Y .
30 3

This m ai n e d i n fo rce u n t il sh ort ly b e fore t he ( l aw n o f I t ali an fre e d o m i n 1 8 59 so t h at

e di c t re ,

fro m 1 8 2 1 (se e u n d e r The Tw o S i c ili e s an te p 2 9 9 ) u n t il 1 8 56 n ot a L o dge e xis t e d i n an y , , .

,

1
p art o f w h at is n o w t he ki gd om of
n I t aly .

TH E KI N GD OM OF I TALY — I n 1 8 59 V i ct or E mm an u e l o f S ardi n i a ac quire d all n ort h e rn

.
,

I taly e x ce p t V e n e t i a bu t l o s t S av oy whi ch w as ce d e d t o F ran ce ; i n 1 8 60 N apl e s an d

, ,

S icily w e re gai n e d for him by G arib aldi ; i n 1 8 66 h e ob t ai n e d V e n e t i a by t re at y an d i n ,

1 8 7 0 t he c i t y o f R o m e The y e ar 1 8 59 forms t h e re fore a p e rfe ct ly fre sh st art i n g

.

p o i n t for us al t h ough t he Gran d Ori e n t of F ran ce h ad w arran t e d a L o dg e at G e n oa i n

,

1 8 56 .

I n 1 8 59 s e v e ral M as on s c on s t it ut e d t h e mse lv e s i n t o a L o dge at Turi n w orki n g t h e so

calle d m o d e rn I t ali an ri t e o f t h re e d e gre e s — i n ot h e r w ords pure E n glish M as o n ry Th e i r , .

e x ampl e w as s oo n fo ll o w e d by t h e e re c t i o n o f n u m e ro us o t h e r L o dge s i n G e n o a Milan , ,

Pis a F lore n ce L e gh orn R o m e an d ot h e r pl ace s Th e s e L odge s ado p t e d m e asure s t o form

, , , , .

a G ran d L odg e an d by g e n e ral c orre sp on d e n c e ag re e d up o n a p ro visi on al cons t it u t i on ri t u al

, , ,

e tc . The Ch e v ali e r N igra A mb ass ad or at P ari s was e l e ct e d G M p ro visi o n ally ,

To t his .
, . . .

t h e re w as n o o pp o sit io n b u t s o m e fe w L o dge s h avin g giv e n a si le n t v o t e N igra d e cli n e d

, ,

t he n omin at i on — N o v e mb e r 2 2 1 8 61 — i n ord e r t o allow t he p ro p o s e d c o n s t it u e n t ass e mbly

,

p e rfe ct lib e rt y This ass e mbly m e t at Turin D e ce mb e r 2 6 1 8 61 an d sat d aily u n t il

.
, ,

Jan u ary 1 1 8 62 Twe n t y t wo L o dge s in all w e re re p re s e n t e d

, . On J an u ary 1
-
.
,

1 8 62 t he G ran d Ori e n t o f I t aly at Turin w as p rocl aim e d w it h N igra as G M

,
an d ,

G arib aldi as H o n P ast G M The y e arly ass e mbly w as d e cl are d m o v abl e fro m ci t y t o
. . .

ci t y . Th e L o dg e s n ot o n ly re s t ri ct e d t h e ms e lv e s t o t he t hre e d e g re e s b u t ag re e d t o re fus e ,

fe ll o wship t o t h o s e w orki n g an y ot h e rs I n m o s t re sp e ct s t h e organi s at i on of t he .

Grand L o dg e foll o w e d t he arran ge m e n t s of t he Gran d Lo dg e o f E n glan d Thi s w as n ot .

accomplish e d wit h o u t prot e st whi c h t o u n d e rst an d i t will b e n e ce ssary i n s o m e d e gre e t o

, ,

re t rac e o u r s t e ps .

I n 1 8 60 s o m e Mas on s e s t abli she d a S upre m e C o un ci l A an d A S R 3 3 for N apl e s an d

°
. . . .

°
S i cily an d p rofe ss e d t o c on sid e r t h e ms e lv e s a re viv al o f t h e S up re m e C o u n cil 3 3 e s t ab
,

li sh e d at N apl e s i n 1 8 09 an d supp re ss e d i n 1 8 2 1 Man y L odg e s spran g up an d adh e re d t o .

t his organ is at i on .

A b ou t t h e s am e t im e o t h e r L odge s i n S i cily als o w orki n g t he A an d A S R 3 3 m e t

°
. . . .

an d e s t ablish e d a Gran d Ori e n t o f t h at R i t e at P al e rm o wi t h G arib aldi as G M , . .

A ls o at Tu ri n t h e re e xis t e d a C on sis t o ry o f t he lik e w is e warran t in g Lo dg e s an d ,

assumin g al l t he righ t s o f a S up re m e C o un c il u n t il t he t im e arriv e d wh e n t h e y migh t be

st ro n g e n o ugh t o form a Gran d Ori e n t of t he S cot s R i t e i n t he capit al of I t aly—at t h at t im e
Turin .

F urt h e r ab o ut 1 8 61 i t would app e ar as if a similar C on sis t ory e xis t e d at L e gh orn for

, ,

Tus can y .

The chi e f p rot e st s again s t t he G ran d Ori e n t o f I t aly at Turin cam e from t he S upre m e
C o un cil at N aple s We t hus se e t h at n o t on ly was I t aly divide d i n i t s vi e w s as t o Mas on i c
.

ce re m oni al bu t als o t h at t he old t e rri t ori al di vi si on s sh o w e d a t e n d e n cy t o ass e rt t h e m s e lv e s

,

1
A ut h it i s
or e con u s lt d p t t his p i t
e u o o n —E n grav e d
List s ; Fr m s s C l d s ; A t a L t m ee a on
’
a en ar c a o orum A st raa,
1 8 49 , p . 2 37 e t se q . F i d l G s hi h t
n e , t pp 640 651 ; A llg m i s H db h x M il d V
e c c e, e c.
, .
- e e ne an uc , s v. a an , e ron a, Pd a u a,

V i z V
ce n a, e ne dig , Ro m N p l T i
,
Pi d m t Liv
ea e , Flur n , z S di i S v y I t li t t
e on , orn o , ore n ,
ar n e n, a o en, a e n , e c . , e c.
 30 4 [ TA L Y .

in spit e o f I t alian u n it y The G ran d Ori e n t w as n o t o n ly o pp o s e d by t h e s e fo

. u r S c ot s
C o un cils bu t u n fort u n at e ly faile d t o s e cu re an y e x t e rn al supp ort b e y on d t h at o f B e lgium
,

an d F ran ce b e c aus e i t v e ry o p e n ly i n t e rfe re d i n t he p o li t i c s o f t he d a

, y d o me s t i c an d fo re ig n , .

Un d e r t h e s e c irc ums t an ce s N ig ra re sig n e d —M arch 1 1 8 63 — an d C ord o va w as e l e ct e d by t he ,

small m aj o ri t y o f 1 5 t o 1 3 o v e r G arib aldi M at t e rs h ow e v e r did n o t impro v e un d e r t he .

, ,

new G M ; E n gl an d e sp e ci ally w i t hh e ld i t s re co gn it i o n
. . The Gran d Ori e n t i n 1 8 62 .

u n w is e ly ad op t e d v e ry st ron g m e asu re s w it h re g a rd t o a Turi n L o dg e addi c t e d t o t h e high

d e gre e s an d ge n e ral dis con t e n t p re v ail e d N e v e rt h e l e ss i n July 1 8 63 t he G O had n o le ss

, . .

t h an 68 L o dg e s o n i t s roll in c ludi n g daugh t e rs at A l e x an d ri a C airo C on s t an t i n o pl e

, , , ,

Lim a an d e ls e wh e re
, .

On A ugust 1 1 8 63 at a g e n e ral ass e mbly h e ld i n F l ore n ce t h e t ro uble s re ach e d a

, , ,

c lim ax Th e Gran d Offi ce rs w it h o n e e x ce p t i on re sig n e d ; an d an i n t e ri m c o mmi t t e e o f fi v e

.
, ,

w as app o i n t e d t o d raw up a n e w co n s t it ut i on Th e s e w e re al l S cot s i e A an d A S R .

, . .
, . . . .

M as on s .

This co mmit t e e h avi n g con clud e d i t s l ab o urs call e d a m e e t in g at F lore n ce M ay 2 1 2 4 , ,

-
,

1 8 64 . L at omi a o f t he s am e y e ar st at e s t h at o n ly s o m e t hi rt y L o dg e s o f t h e I t ali an
“

E n glish ) ri t e an d a fe w o f t h e S cot s w e re re p re s e n t e d w hils t t h e H an dbu ch o f 1 8 67 ,

“

spe aks o f s e v e n t y Lo dge s an d fi ve Gran d Lo dg e s b e in g p re s e n t This sh o w s t he diffi c ult y o f .

advan ci n g an y t hi n g o f a p o si t iv e ch arac t e r re sp e ct i n g t his t ro ubl e d p e ri o d o f I t ali an F re e

m as o n ry On M ay 2 2 a n e w G ran d Ori e n t o f I t aly con sis t in g o f fort y m e mb e rs w as pro

.
, ,

c l aim e d The chi e f s e at o f t his b o dy w as Tu ri n bu t s e ct i o n s we re app o i n t e d for F lo re n ce

.
, ,

N apl e s an d P al e rm o
,
The L o dge s w e re all o w e d t o w o rk i n e it h e r rit e ; bu t i t is e vid e n t t h at
.

On t h e 2 3d G arib aldi w as e l e ct e d G M an d
°
t he A an d A S R 3 3 had g ai n e d a vi ct ory
. . . . . . .
,

Lu ca Pre sid e n t of t he G ran d C o u n c il The S up re m e C o u n cils o f N apl e s Le gh orn an d , ,

Turin app e ar t o h av e co n c urre d for o f t h e s e w e h e ar n o t hi n g m ore ; t h at o f Pal e rm o u n d e r

,

G aribaldi st o o d ou t fro m t he arran g e m e n t ; G aribaldi hims e lf sp e e dily re sign e d ; an d on

Bu t G ar
’
S e p t e mb e r 1 5 1 8 64 Lu ca w as e l e ct e d i n his s t e ad
, , ib aldi s S C h ad also t o con t e n d . . .

w i t h a rival i n P al e rm o i t s e l f a so call e d C e n t ral S up re m e C o u n c il u n d e r P ri n c e S an t E li a

’
-
, .

I must can didly con fe ss t h at I h av e b e e n u n abl e t o dis co v e r w h e t h e r t his was an o ffsh o ot

fro m G arib aldi s C o u n cil o r w h e t h e r i t had sp o n t an e o usly sp ru n g up s o m e fe w y e ars
’

pre vio usly A furt h e r compli cat i on aro se from t h e act io n of e l e v e n L o dge s w orki n g t he
.

I t ali an R it e of t hre e d e gre e s who diss at isfi e d wi t h t h e M ay m e e t i n g at F l ore n ce an d i t s

, ,

re sul t s m e t at Mil an July 1 5 1 8 64 an d e re ct e d a G ran d L o dg e u n d e r t h e n am e o f a G ran d

,
-
, , ,

C o un c il t o si t at Turi n w i t h F ran chi as P re sid e n t or G ran d Mast e r I n 1 8 65 t h e G ran d

, ,
.

Ori e n t o f I t aly (m ix e d rit e s) was t ran s fe rre d t o t h e n e w capi t al F l o re n ce an d t he Gran d , ,

C o u n c il ( C raft on ly) fro m Tu rin t o Milan F ro m 1 8 64 t o 1 8 67 we h av e t hus fo ur Gran d .

B o di e s i n I t aly wh o s e st re n gt h i n 1 8 67 w as ab o ut as follow s
,

I G ran d Ori e n t o f I t aly at F lore n c e ( C omp o si t e ) ab o ut 1 50 Lo dg e s Lu ca G M

. , , . .

1 1 S up re m e C o u n c il at P al e rm o (A an d
.
ab o u t 3 9 L o dg e s ; G arib aldi G M .
, . .

I ll G ran d C o u n cil at Mil an ( C raft ) 7 8 L o dg e s ; F ran chi G M who on J uly 1 5 1 8 67

.
, , . .
, , ,

was su cce e d e d by Gu as t all a .

I V S u pre m e C e n t ral C o u n cil at P al e rm o (A an d

. n umb e r o f L o dg e s u n k n ow n ; .

S an t E lia G M
’
. .
,

G aribaldi h i ms e l f was t h e first t o t ak e s t e ps t o pu t an e n d t o t hi s disas t ro us con fli c t of

 I TA L Y .
30 5

jurisdi c t i o n s H e issu e d i n vit at i o n s t o a c on gre ss o f all I t ali an L odge s whi c h re sult e d i n a

. ,

m e e t i n g at N apl e s of d e put i e s fro m his o wn L odg e s an d t h o s e u n d e r t he F lore n ce G ran d

Ori e n t on Ju n e 2 1 1 8 67 Lu ca pre sid e d The S up re m e C ou n c il o f Pale rm o b e cam e m e rge d
, . .

i n t he G ran d Ori e n t t h e fo u r s e ct i on s o f t h e G0 at F l ore n ce

,
Turi n N aple s an d P al e rm o .
, , ,

w e re ab o lish e d C o rd o v a w as e l e ct e d G M G arib aldi H o n G M for li fe an d Lu ca H on G M

"

. . .
,
. .
, , . . .

for a y e ar C ord o v a s o on re sig n e d on accou n t o f bad h e alt h an d w as su c c e e d e d by F rapolli

. , .

G aribaldi s S u p re m e C ou n c il did n ot appro v e of t he fusi on bu t e le ct e d C amp an e lla as Gran d

’
,

M as t e r an d e ss ay e d t o m ai n t ain i t s p o sit i on I t b e cam e e v e n m ore care l e ss t h an b e fore i n i t s

,
.

c h o i c e o f c an did at e s an d w arran t e d six t e e n L o dg e s (on e at S my rn a) i n 1 8 68

,
Bu t t his w as .

an e xpi ri n g e ffo rt I t s L o dg e s di e d o u t o r j o in e d t he G ran d Ori e n t an d t o wards t he e n d o f

.
,

t h e y e ar t h e S u p re m e C o u n cil w as p ract i cally e x t i n ct .

A t t his t im e t h e G ran d L o dg e at Mil an fi n di n g i t s e l f u nabl e t o m ak e an y p rogre ss so , ,

far m o difie d i t s vi e w s as t o ack n o w l e dge t h at L o dg e s u n d e r t h e S cot s R it e migh t b e l e gi t im at e ,

an d t hus a fusi o n w as e asily arran g e d o n M arc h 4 1 8 68 at Milan b e t w e e n t h e G ran d Ori e n t , , ,

o f I t aly at F l o re n ce an d t he G ran d ( C raft ) L o dg e at Mil an Th e am algam at i o n was affe ct e d .

A p ril 1 This l e ft o n ly t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f I t aly — t he t it l e ad o p t e d by t h e p art i e s t o t h e

.

fusi on l as t re fe rre d t o — an d t he C e n t ral S up re m e C o u n cil o f Pal e rm o i n t he fi e ld I n t he , .

n e xt y e ar o r t w o G ran d M as t e r F rapol li su cce e d e d i n gre at m e asure i n b an ishi n g re ligi on an d

’

p oli t i cs fro m Lo dg e dis c ussio n s an d at t he an n u al m e e t i n g i n F lore n ce i n 1 8 69 n o le ss t h an,

1 50 L odg e s w e re re p re s e n t e d Bu t as a g e n e ral rul e t h e re is li t t l e s t abilit y am on gs t I t alian

.

Lo dge s t h e y sp ri n g up i n a n igh t an d d i e at n o on t id e I n Ju n e 1 8 7 0 F rapolli re t ire d an d

, .

M azz on i w as e l e ct e d an d t o wards t he e n d o f t he y e ar t he G ran d Ori e n t was tran sfe rre d t o

,

t h e ne w ly ac quire d c apit al R o m e , .

I n 1 8 7 2 — A p ril 2 5— n e w c on s t i t u t i o n s w e re acce p t e d an d at l as t i n 1 8 7 3 t he S up re m e ,

C o un cil at P al e rm o am alg am at e d w i t h t h e Gran d Ori e n t w hi ch h as e v e r sin c e b e e n t he s o l e ,

G ran d or G o v e rn i n g M as on i c B o dy i n I t aly Un d e r M azz on i t h e qu alit y o f I t ali an Mas on ry

, .

h as imp ro v e d at t h e e xp e n s e of i t s q u an t it y Un w ort hy m e mb e rs an d disre pu t abl e Lo dg e s h av e

, .

b e e n re l e n t le ssly w e e d e d ou t A s w e h av e s e e n i n 1 8 69 t h e re w e re o v e r 1 50 L o dg e s bu t i n
.
, ,

1 8 7 7 t h e re re m ai n e d on ly 1 3 4 an d i n 1 8 7 8 o n ly 1 09 — w i t h a m e mb e rship o f
‘

, o r an

av e rag e o f 1 1 0 pe r L o dg e —whils t i n 1 8 8 5 t he n umb e r h ad o n ce m ore i n cr e as e d t o 1 4 6 .

B e sid e s t h e s e t h e re are 57 L o dg e s s cat t e re d t hro ugh ou t R o um an ia E gyp t — on e at A l e x an d ria , , ,

is comp o s e d of G e rm an s o n ly— t h e L e v an t an d S o u t h A m e ri ca The c it i e s con t ain in g t h e , .

gre at e s t n umb e r o f L o dg e s are N aple s w it h 1 0 ; L e gh orn an d G e n oa 5 ; P ale rm o an d R om e , , ,

'

4 ; M e ssi n a Mil an an d F l ore n ce 3 ; an d V e n i ce 2 e ach

‘

, , , , .

The s e at o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t is at R o m e t he G M b e i n g A dri an o L e mmi I t is divid e d , . . .

i n t o Thre e Ch amb e rs— for t he S cot s R i t e a S up re m e C o u n c il u n d e r Gi o rgio To m ajo as , ,

S ov G Co m wit h 1 7 4 Lo dge s o f whi ch 54 are ab road—fo r t h e C raft a S ymb oli c G ran d

. . .
, , ,

L od g e u n d e r a Pre sid e n t P e rro A port i wi t h 2 5 L o dge s o f w hi c h 3 are abro ad — an d for t h e

, , , ,

R it e of Me mphis a S up re m e C o un cil i n C at an i a u n d e r G ae t an o M o n din o as P re sid e n t w i t h 4

, , , ,

Lo dge s on ly The acco mp an yin g t abl e o f t he G ran d B odi e s whi ch h av e e xist e d i n I t aly m ay
.

’
1
be acce p ble as
t a an a i d e m e m o i re -
.

1
h i t i s s lt d f t h l t t p rt i (k i gd m f I t ly ) —L t m i 1 8 63
A ut or e con u e or e a er o on n o o a a o a, , vol. xx 11 .
, pp . 1 04-1 2 9 , 1 65—
1 7 0,
2 00 2 05 ;
- l xxiii 1 8 64 pp 2 66 2 7 0 3 7 1 3 7 3 ;
vo . l xxvi
. 1 8 68 pp 2 2 3 2 2 8 ;
, , .
-
,
-
vo . .
, , .
-
vo l . xxv 11 . , 1 8 69 , pp . 2 07 -2 1 4
A llg m i s H
e e ne db h x I t li 1 8 68 7 9 F i d l G s hi ht t pp 640 651
an uc , s v . a an , - : n e , e c c e, e c . .
- .
,
 T A BL E OF I TA LI A N GR A N D L OD G E S .

THE TWO S I CI LI E S . LOM BAR DY . VE NE TI A . S A R DI N I A .

1 764 Nat G L dg o e
pl s
. . .

at Na e
P v d
.

1 7 67 E n g ro Gran
L dg pl s
. . .

o e at Na e .

1 77 4 Gran o ge dL d
“
La
ys é i s
.

M t r e u e at
Tu ri n , e d montPi .

1 7 75
Con v
di t G d
e rt e n o ran
P i y f VI I I P s i
’

clrca r or o re v. 1 77 8 S co t D re ct orj o f
f S t i t Obs v e
. .

1 7 8 0 A US t m D P POV 1 730 S t ri ct Ob se rv o R e ct i fd S t r Ob s rv
d dg h d rc e r ance
» .

II P v
. . . .

Gran Lo e C ap at P a u a A u ve ro n e
l d d ro
. .

y
. .

at M i an u n e r Gran
at Ch am b e r , S avby
Pi y i
.
.

r or o f T ur n
1 78 3 l s d by E di t 1 7 8 3
C o e c
.

m s y s pp ss d
.
,

an d F re e a on r u re e .

178 8
D iss lv d by E di t
o e c an d
d t Ch m b iss lv d h
,

f
t rans e rre o a e ry. 1 7 90 D o e
L g s s d ll
.

o d e t ran fe rre a

1 795
1 79 4 . F m s y s pp ss d t h gh t ki g
re e a o nr u re e ro u ou n

Fr
F ro m 1 8 04 un d F er re n c h M ili t y R l ar u e gs
as
gd t lliddgl
ibht
l l F m “ 1 7 9 2 ; saw “ an d mm 1 7 9 8 ’ Ple d m m ' 1° 1 8 ]
pre l s yw p sd d
‘

F
.

Au st i D m i i s
r an o n on .
R u e , an d re e m a onr as ract i e u n e r t he Gra

w
1 8 04 F re n c h M ilit y G d O i ar ran r e n t of 1 79 7
is lpi p bli
.

A . an d 3 3° C a ne R e u c.
1 8 05
P L
N A O E ON S K N GDOM OF
’
I I TA LY .

1 8 05 Gran Or e n t o f A an d
. d i .

1 8 05
F use d wit h I t ali an Gran d Oi r e n t at Mi l an .

1 8 06
M URA T S K I N GD OM OF TWO
’

S I CI LI E S .

18 09 N at
. i lG dOi
on a ran r e n t , an d S u p Coun c . il ,
A . an d 33 °

18 2 0
Su pp ss d by A st i
re e u r a on N apole on
’
s fa ll .

Su pp ss d by Ki g
re e n of S c i ily on N apole o n
’
s fa ll .

K I N GDOM OF I TA LY .

1 8 60 G Or e n t , A i A S R 1 8 60 S u p Co u n c l, i 1 8 60 G Co n sist y or
pl s sis y
. . . .
. . . . .
,

at Pale rm o . A an d A S R , at N a
. e . at Turi n . 1 8 61 G Con t or ,
. .

at Le g h orn .

I
Ce n t ra Sl at Pale rm o, Gran d O i t f It ly ren o a at Tu ri n
l d ib ldi m ix d it s
.

at Pa e rm o , un er Gar a e r e
d Pi
. .

S an t E lia
’
un er r nce
1 8 65 Tr s f d t Fl
.

. an e rre o ore nce .

I
Gran d Oi r e n t of It aly at l
F ore n ce , m ix d it s
e r e .

1 8 68

Gran d Oi r e n t of I t aly at F lore nce , m ix d i t s

e r e .

1 8 70 Tran fe rre
. s dt o R ome .
30 8 P OR T UGA L .

figure d as a p ri n cip al p e rs on age at an u u t o d a f é i n t h e Chu rch o f t h e D om i n i can s H e - -

.

w as s e n t e n ce d t o fo u r y e ars at t h e g all e ys as a P ro t e s t an t an d F re e m ason — b u t his t w o

comp an i o n s b e i n g C at h o li c s t o fi ve y e ars e xil e o n ly
,
M o u t on an d Braslé w e re als o
,
.

t o rt u re d an d t he l at t e r di e d i n co n s e q u e n ce o f his su ffe ri n gs
,
Co u st o s w as cl aim e d by t h e .

Bri t ish E mb assy as an E n glish subj e ct an d w i t h M o u t on arriv e d i n L on d o n D e ce mb e r 1 4 , ,

1 7 44 w h e re t h e y w e re w e ll re ce iv e d an d care d for by t h e F rat e rn i t y 1

, .

J oh n V w as su cce e d e d by his so n J o s e ph I I (1 7 50
. Un d e r t his lib e ral pri n ce an d .

his ce l e b rat e d mi n is t e r t he M arqu is d e P o mb al t h e c l e rgy lo st mu ch o f t h e i r i n fl u e n c e an d

, , ,

t h e J e sui t s w e re b an i sh e d fro m t h e ki n gd o m i n 1 7 61 F re e m as o n ry re co v e re d an d o n ly o n ce .
,

i h 1 7 7 6— did t h e I n quisit i on at t e mp t t o supp re ss t he C raft Th is t ribu n al h o w e v e r w as co n .

, ,

st rain e d t o re l e as e i t s vi ct im s M aj or D A lin cou rt an d D o m A yre s d e Orve llas P e racao aft e r ,

’

fo urt e e n m on t hs d e t e n t i o n 2
’
.

J o s e ph was su cce e d e d by his d augh t e r M ari a m arri e d t o h e r u n cl e D om P e d ro P o mb al , , .

w as dismiss e d an d t h e c l e rgy on ce m ore g ai n e d t h e u pp e r h an d

, Th e m o s t t al e n t e d m e n o f .

t h e kin gd o m b e i n g F re e m as on s o n ly s av e d t h e i r liv e s by fligh t and t h e ce l e b rat e d m at h e

, , ,

m at i ci an D a Cu n h a lay i n t he du n g e on s o f t h e I n quisi t ion fro m 1 7 7 8 t o 1 7 8 0

, , I n 1 7 9 2 t he .

Qu e e n w as at t ack e d by i n cu rabl e m e l an c h oli a an d he r son J oh n w as m ad e Pri n c e R e g e n t , .

M at t e rs t h e n b e cam e w ors e an d i n t h e s am e y e ar t h e G ov e rn or o f M ad e ira was ord e re d t o

,

d e liv e r ov e r all F re e m as on s t o t he I n qu isit i o n A fe w o n ly e s cap e d t o A m e ri ca t h e i r v e sse l .

, ,

o n e n t e ri n g N e wY ork h arb o u r flyi n g a w hi t e fl ag w i t h t h e i n s crip t i o n A sylu m Qu ae re m u s

'

N e v e rt h e l e ss t h e F rat e rn i t y w as no t e x t e rmi n at e d L o dge s are k n o wn t o h av e e xist e d at .

C o imbra 1 7 9 3 9 4 ; at Op ort o 1 7 9 5 ; an d o t h e rs w e re h e ld i n 1 7 9 6 9 7 o n b oard v ari o us ships i n

,
- -

p ort The frigat e Ph oe n ix is e sp e c i ally m e n t i on e d i n t his con n e ct i on an d t h e re s o on aro s e

.
“
,

fi v e o r six L o dg e s i n Lisb on as w e ll as e ls e w h e re Th re e at t h e capi t al — N os 3 1 5 3 1 9 an d . .

, ,

3 3 0— are sh o w n o n t h e ro ll o f t he (A t h o ll) Gran d L o dg e o f E n glan d u n d e r t he y e ars 1 7 9 8 , ,

1 7 9 9 an d 1 8 07 1 3 re sp e ct iv e ly N um e ro us o t h e rs d ou b t l e ss e n e t rat e d i n t o t h e kin gd o m
-
,
p .

wi t h t he B ri t ish re gim e n t s t o w hi ch t h e y w e re at t ach e d B re t h re n of t he S e a an d Lan d .

se rvi ce s app e ar t o h av e w ork e d t o g e t h e r i n gre at h arm on y an d t h e re cords o f t h e Gran d ,

L o d ge l ast re fe rre d t o sh o w t h at m an y s e afarin g m e n b e cam e m e mb e rs o f Lo dg e N o 3 3 2

, , .
,

h e ld i n t h e 58 t h F o o t w hils t t h at re gim e n t was qu art e re d at Lisb on i n 1 8 1 1

, .

A co mmi t t e e o f six w as app o in t e d t o ac t as a G ran d L o dge an d o t h e r L o dg e s w e re ,

e st ablish e d Gre at s e cre cy w as obs e rv e d ; t h e pl ace s o f m e e t i n g w e re co n t in u ally ch an ge d an d

.
,

o ft e n w hilst s o m e m e mb e rs w o rk e d i n t h e upp e r s t o ry o f a h o us e t h e re m ai n d e r w it h t h e ir , ,

w iv e s an d d aught e rs d an ce d o n t h e l o we r i n ord e r t o d e c e iv e t he p o li c e 3
, A l t h o ugh t his pe r .

se cu t i o n l as t e d u n t il 1 8 06 i t is du ri n g t his v e ry p e ri o d t h at s o m e re m ark abl e M as on i c m an i

,

fe st at i o n s o cc u rre d The fi rs t G ran d L o dg e for P ort ug al w as e re ct e d an d t h e fi rs t G M D om

.
,
. .
,

S e b as t i an J osé d e S am pajo e M e ll o d e C as t ro e Lu z i gu an o (brot h e r of t h e Marquis d e P o mb al) ,

A d s ipt i
hs he cr s w p blish d i b k t i t l e d Th S fi i g f J h C t f F e
on o f t e e orror as u e n a oo , en
“
e u
‘

er n s o o n ous os or re .

m s y t 1 7 4 6 400 p g s— f whi h
a on r , e c. , b idgm t h b f q t ly p i t d a e o c an a r en as e en re ue n re rn e .

Th y A t L t m
2
m
or l i p 12 3
, c a. a o o ru , vo . .
, . .

M G W S p th
3
rm m b s t ki g p t i
. L dg w k d x t ly si m il i m st s d s
. e re e di gser a n ar n o e or un er e ac ar c rcu an ce an u rro u n n

( L dg b v b ll b l w) i 1 8 7 0 7 1 i H v
o e a o e, C b I his
a s h w v l t h gh t h
e o sqn s f d t ti - n a an a, u a . n ca e , o e e r, a ou e co n e u e n ce o e ec on

w ld h v i vi t bly b
ou a e s i s t l st I q isi t i w t b f d H pl ds
ne a e en x s f i f i gi g t h
e r ou , a ea no n u on as o e e are . e ea as an e cu e or n r n n e

l w th t h w
a a
yy g b th e m d M s
as ve r ou n , o as a an an a a on .
 P OR T UGA L .
30 9

a co u n s e ll or o f t he H igh C o u rt (or acco rdi n g t o Th ory E gaz M on iz) was app oi n t e d i n 1 8 00

, ,
-
,

(or This n e w G ran d L o dg e act i n g t h ro ugh fo u r L o dg e s ,

e mp o w e re d D o m H yp o li t e ,

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n am e t o s o li c i t a re gul ar au t h o ri t y t o p rac t is e t he ri t e s o f t h e Ord e r u n d e r t h e E n glish b an n e r

an d p ro t e ct i o n A ft e r m at u re d e li b e rat io n i t w as d e t e rmi n e d t h at e v e ry e n co u rage m e n t sh o uld

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b e giv e n t o t he b re t h re n i n P o rt ug al ; an d a t re at y was imm e di at e ly e n t e re d i n t o an d sign e d

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t he F re n ch e n t e re d Lisb o n u n d e r G e n e ral Ju n ot Wi t h t h e p re s e n ce o f t h e F re n ch t r0 0 ps .

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t he F re n ch t o b ri n g t h e N at i on al G ran d L o dge u n d e r t h e con t ro l o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t at P aris ,

t he G M cl o s e d t h e G ran d Lo dg e p ro t e nt i n 1 8 08
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p re s e n ce of t h e E n glish t r0 0 ps co uld n ot fai l t o h av e b e e n b e n e fi c i al Marsh al S ou lt s in v asi on .

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t h e i r e rro r t h e s o ldi e rs —aid e d by t h e p o pul ace — m al t re at e d t h e i t in e ran t C raft sm e n w hi ch ,

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arriv al i n 1 8 1 0 t h e C raft w as re e s t ablish e d bu t his re t re at w as fo ll ow e d by re n e w e d pe rse c u ,

t i o n s t hi rt y at l e as t o f t h e fo re m o s t F re e m as o n s o f Lisb on b e i n g d e p o rt e d t o t he A z ore s i n
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d a C u n h a S ou t o Maj or G M for P ort ugal , . . .

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t io n t o t h e s acrile gio us F re e m as on s
A p ro cl am at i o n by t he C ardi n al A rchbish o p S o uz a publish e d t he s am e e v e n in g so , ,

i n flam e d t he mi n ds o f t he rabble t h at m an y p e ople w e re murd e re d o n t he m e re suspi ci on of ,

b e i n g F re e m as on s 1 .

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b an ish e d t he usurp e r his brot h e r an d son i h law Pe d ro hims e lf di e d in S e p t e mb e r 1 8 34

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h ad b e e n u n de r a b an an d t he b rot h e rs disp e rs e d i n all p art s o f E uro p e an d B razil Un d e r

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ad d t o t h e c on fusi on t h e b re t h re n i n Op ort o e l e ct e d a t hird G M M an u e l d a S ilva Passos . .

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u n m aso n i c c on du ct o f t his ki n d t h e G M S ald an h a w as d e p o s e d i n 1 8 3 7 an d his pl ace fill e d . .

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by B aron Vi all a N o va d a F oz Coa i n 1 8 3 9 ; t h e Op ort o G L also e l e ct e d a n e w G M D a C o st a - . . . .

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by t h e aut h ori t y last c i t e d D om F G d a S ilva P e re ira is d e s crib e d as h avin g b e e n i t s, . .

Gra n d M ast e r .

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v i n c i al G ran d L o dg e was e s t ablish e d ( 1 8 56 m aki n g t he fi ft h rulin g b o dy i n P ort u gal .

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I n 1 8 4 9 all t h e s e go v e rn i n g b o di e s e x ce p t t h at co n t ro ll e d by P e re i ra u n i t e d t o form , ,

w i t h D Oliv e i ra as G M
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o w n i n g i t s s way I n 1 8 69 h o w e v e r t h e t wo G ran d Ori e n t s am algam at e d u n d e r Parat y as

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t he b re t h re n n umb e r 2 8 00 .
E us e bi o D o li v e ira . . .

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o f A n ci e n t F re e an d A cce p t e d M as o n s w hi ch w as form e d on t he E n glish m o d e l The , .

m ov e m e n t d oe s n ot app e ar t o h av e b e e n of E n glish o rigin — b e caus e i n t h e fi rst lis t o f

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k e yn o t e i n biddi n g i t s high d e gre e fri e n ds go t h e ir w ays i n p e ace t o ad d as m an y d e gre e s ,

as t h e i r hum o u r m ay sugg e s t b u t t o c e as e from t ro ubli n g t h e C raft

,
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S PA I N .

S p ai n disp u t e s w i t h Po rt ugal t h e sad dis t i n ct i on o f h avi n g m o st p e rsis t e n t ly an d re l e n t

l e ssly p e rs e c u t e d i t s o wn c hild re n o n acco u n t o f t h e ir at t achm e n t t o t h e C raft ; an d lik e ,

P ort ugal i t is s o m e w h at re m ark abl e fo r s t ill p ract isi n g R oyal A rch Mas o n ry Bu t u n lik e
, .

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e ls e w h e re I t is mu ch t o b e d e plo re d t h at t he p art is an s o f t h e s e v ari o u s G ran d Lo dge s sh o uld

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h av e allo w e d t h e ir pre dile ct i o n s t o col o u r t h e i r his t ori cal s t at e m e n t s I n d e e d t o su ch a .

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l e n gt h h as t his b e e n carri e d t h at t h e l at e r his t ory o f t h e C raft i n S p ai n i s m ore di fficul t t o

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u n rav e l t h an t h e e arli e r o n e an d al t h o ugh n o s o urc e o f i n form at io n h as b e e n ov e rl oo k e d I ,

am u n abl e t o pl ac e on re co rd t h e e v e n t s o f t he l as t t w e n t y y e ars w i t h o u t e n t e rt aini n g s o m e

misgi vi n gs as t o t he accu rac y o f my o w n n arrat iv e Mas o n i c n e w s fro m t he Pe n i n sul a .

re ach e s u s b u t rare ly — i n sm all an d u n s at is fac t o ry qu an t i t i e s — an d n o t w o acco u n t s are

re co n c ilabl e w i t h e ach o t h e r I mus t t h e re fore b e g my re ad e rs t o re gard t he d e s crip t ion o f

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t his p e ri o d (1 8 68 8 5) as a c on s ci e n t io u s at t e mp t t o lay s o m e fe w fac t s b e fore t h e m b u t by n o

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m e an s t o pi n t h e ir fai t h u p on my n arrat iv e H avi n g con fe ss e d my i n abili t y t o cop e w it h t h e .

di ffi cu lt i e s b e fore m e I t rus t an y e rro rs t h at m ay be dis co v e re d w ill be l e n i e n t ly d e alt w it h

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w hi ch t h o ugh fo rmin g a p art o f S p ai n — o n e ge o graphi cally t h e o t h e r p o lit i cally— ye t re quire

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s e parat e m e n t i on I allud e t o Gib ral t ar an d Mi n o rca .

A L o dge o f S t J o h n o f J e rus al e m N o 51 — was c on s t i t ut e d at Gib ralt ar by t h e G ran d

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L o dge o f E n gl an d i n 1 7 2 8 1 an d t h re e y e ars l at e r C ap t ai n J am e s C o mm e rford w as app o in t e d ,

P ro v G M for A n d alusi a whi ch as w e l e arn from t he t e rms of subs e qu e n t p at e n t s c omp ris e d

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t he R o c k o r fo rt re ss an d pl ac e s adj ace n t ,
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Ch ap X VII p 3 8 4 1
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313

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s an ct i on co n t i n u e d t o b e sh o w n o n t he li s t s u n t il 1 8 1 3 b u t o n ly o n e — appare n t ly a u n i o n o f ,

t he C alpe an an d F ri e n d shi p— w as c arri e d forward at t h e Un ion Pri n c e E d w ard— aft e rwards .

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con st i t u t e d by t he A t h o ll P ro vi n c i al G ran d L o dg e o f w hi c h n o re c ord h as b e e n p re s e rv e d , ,

b u t i n 1 8 04 t h e re w e re at l e as t n i n e h o ldin g P ro v in ci al w arran t s .

Two E n glish L o dg e s —n o w b ot h e x t i n ct Ord n an ce an d C alpe an w e re e s t ablish e d i n ,

1 8 1 9 an d 1 8 2 2 ; an d t h e re are at p re s e n t i n e xis t e n ce t hre e L o dge s — S t J o h n s I n h abit an t s

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an d F ri e n dship — u n d e r t he Gran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d t wo u n d e r S c ot l an d— S t Th o m as
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fo ur Lo dg e s w e re c o n s t i t u t e d — N o s 2 1 3 2 1 5 i n 1 7 50 an d N o 2 1 6 i n Th e s e L o dg e s .
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w e re carri e d forw ard at t h e re n umb e ri n g i n b u t d ro ppin g o u t i n 1 7 66 t h e p lace s o f ,

o rigi n al N o s 2 1 3 — 2 1 5 (t he n 1 4 1 1 4 3 ) w e re assig n e d t o t hre e A m e ri can L o dg e s i n

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i n ou r o w n t im e s Mi n orca s e e ms t o h av e b e e n re g ard e d as u n oc c upi e d c o u n t ry fo r F re n ch “

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i n a F re n c h h o t e l at M ad rid i n F e b ru ary 1 5 1 7 2 8 T wo m on t hs l at e r— A p ril 1 7 — t his
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pro p e rly c o n st i t u t e d an d t h e re qu e s t w as acce d e d t o 1 0 The L o dge re c e iv e d t h e n umb e r 50 o n

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t he lis t o f Lo dge s an d w as t he first Lodg e wa rran t e d i n f ore i g n lan d s by t he Gran d Lodg e of

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an d t he D uk e R i ch m on d
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m e e t or n e gle ct e d t o co n fo rm t o t h e law s o f t he S oc ie t y 2 .

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F re e m as on s h av e su ffe re d an d lik e t h e ir P ort ugu e s e bre t h re n d o gge dly w i t hs t o o d

, I n 1 7 40 , .

Ki n g Philip V approv e d t he Pap al B u ll of 1 7 3 8 an d issu e d a co n fi rm at ory e di ct fo r his

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p o ss e ssi o n s Th e I n quisit i on dis co v e re d a L o dg e an d e igh t o f i t s m e mb e rs w e re con d e mn e d

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t o t h e g all e ys 3 .

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ch aplai n visi t e d a L o dg e i n 1 7 43 I n d e e d t h e Lo dge s i n cre as e d i n spi t e o f alld i fi rcu lt i e s an d

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b e t ray e v e ry m e mb e r s n am e t o t h e I n quisi t ors an d his re p ort m e n t i on s at t h at d at e 9 7 (I)

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d e c lare d it s e lf in d e p e n de n t o f E n gl an d i n 1 7 67 an d e l e ct e d as Gran d M as t e r t h e P rim e ,

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s tru ck o ff t h e ro ll i n 1 7 68 as m e n t i o n e d ab ov e I n 1 7 8 0 t his G ran d Lo dg e b e cam e p e rm e at e d .

w i t h F re n c h id e as an d t oo k t h e n am e o f G ran d Ori e n t I n 1 7 9 5 C o un t d A ran d a h avin g l o s t

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his lib e rt y his n o mi n e e t h e C o u n t d e M on t ij o w as e le ct e d G M F re n c h id e as m ade furt h e r

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This app e ars t o h av e ,
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co n st i t u t e d a S u p re m e C o u n cil o f t he 3 3 for S p ain A t t his t im e F re e m as on ry w as o p e n ly .

pract is e d i n S p ain w it h o ut fe ar o f p e rs e c ut i on for o n t h e o n e h an d t h e C raft w as p ro t e ct e d ,

by t h e F re n ch armi e s who had in v ad e d t h e c o u n t ry whils t o n t h e o t h e r h an d i t e nj oy e d ,

t h e g oo d w ill o f t h e B ri t ish t roops w h o w e re assis t i n g t h e l e gi t im at e s o v e re ign F e rdi n an d ,

VI I . On Ju n e 6 1 8 08 J o s e ph N ap o l e on w as m ad e Ki n g of S p ai n an d S p ani sh L odge s
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e arly as J an u ary 2 2 1 8 07 at C adiz , ,

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i n t h e v e ry du n ge o n s o f t h e I n quisi t i o n i t s e lf at M ad rid u n d e r t h e auspi c e s o f Ki n g J o s e ph , ,

t o whi ch w as at t ach e d a G ran d Tribun al o f t he The G ran d M as t e r w as A z an z a a fo rm e r ,

1
A n te , p 1 38 . .
2 G L M in. . .
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A ct a Lat om oru m , vol. i .
, p . 47 .
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, p . 229 .

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3 L i au r e , 1 8 59 , p . 408 .
7 A n te , p . 1 2 4 cl se q .
T H OM A S F R E D E R I CK HA LS E Y .

PR OVI N C I AL GR A N D M A S TE R OF H E R T F OR D S H I R E .

Thomas C J
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 S PAIN .
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Min ist e r of S t at e Two y e ars l at e r— J u ly 4 1 8 1 1 — t he C o un t d e G rass e Tilly fo u n d e d a

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of 1 8 1 1 b ot h u n d e r A z an z a— w h o w as su cce e d e d as t h e h e ad o f t he las t t w o b o die s by t he

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c e l e b rat e d p at rio t A rgu e ll e s .

The re t u rn t o p o w e r o f F e rdin an d V I I i n augu rat e d a fre sh p e rs e c u t i o n o f t he Craft In . .

1 8 1 4— M ay 4 —h e ab o lish e d t he co n s t i t u t i o n re e s t abli sh e d t h e I n quisit i on an d d e cl are d F re e ,

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o f t w e n t y fi ve m e mb e rs o f t h e C raft i n M ad rid
- am on gs t w h o m m ay b e m e n t i o n e d G e n e ral ,

A l ava We lli n gt o n s Ai d e d e C amp 1 A l t h o ugh t he pl an fo ll o w e d o f h an din g susp e ct e d

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p e rs o n s o v e r t o t he b arb arous I n quisit i o n is Of co urs e i n d e fe n sibl e t he at t e mp t e d su ppre ssio n ,

o f t he C raft w as o n ly t o o w e ll j u s t ifi e d i n t h o s e t rou bl o us t im e s o n acc o u n t o f i t s u n h appy

i n t e rfe re n ce w i t h S p an ish p o li t i c s To t his admix t u re o f p o li t i c s an d F re e mas on ry I am .

in du c e d t o as crib e t h e o bs t i n acy w i t h w hi ch t he F rat e rn it y re sis t e d all at t e m pt s t o s t amp i t

ou t . F ar fro m su cc umbi n g i t c on s o lid at e d i t s p o si t i o n an d at i t s h e ad w e re al ways t he, ,

lib e ral l e ad e rs o f t he d ay Thus i n 1 8 1 8 A rgu e ll e s R i e g o t he b ro t h e rs S an Migu e l an d o t h e rs

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, This w as fo ll ow e d by t h e p o p u lar m o v e m e n t i n 1 8 2 0 . .
,

h e ad e d by R i e g o w hi ch co m p e ll e d t h e ki n g— July 9 — t o re gran t t he lib e ral co n st i t ut i on

, ,

ab o lish t he I n quisi t i on an d e xp e l t he J e sui t s , .

F or t h re e y e ars M as on ry fl o u rish e d ; 2 t h e n foll ow e d a c u ri o us s t at e o f affai rs F ore ign .

in t e rv e n t i on w as s o ugh t by F e rdi n an d an d w i t h t he assis t an ce o f F re n ch t roops—fo rm e rly ,

su ch e n t husi ast i c p rop agat ors o f t h e C raft — t he B rot h e rh oo d w as suppre ss e d F re n ch

'

b ayon e t s re e s t a blish e d F e rdi n an d i n his o ld pre rogat iv e s R i e g o w as sh o t an d — A ugust 1

-
, , ,

1 8 2 4 —t he ki n g iss u e d a n e w e di c t by w hi c h all F re e m as o n s wh o fail e d t o d e liv e r u p t h e i r ,

p ap e rs an d re n o u n c e t h e S o ci e t y i n t hirt y d ays w e re t o be on dis co v e ry h an ge d i n t h e e n su in g , , ,

t w e n t y fo ur h ou rs — w i t h o u t t ri al o f an y ki n d
-
I n pu rsu an ce t h e re o f— S e p t e mb e r 9 1 8 2 5— a .
,

L o dge h avi n g b e e n surp ris e d at G ran ad a s e v e n of i t s m e mb e rs w e re giv e n a sh ort shri ft an d ,

gibb e t e d accordi n gly w hils t t h e can did at e for ad m issi o n w as le t Off w i t h e igh t y e ars of force d
,

lab o ur I n 1 8 2 8 t h e F re n ch t ro o ps e v ac u at e d S p ain bu t wi t h o u t h avi n g st amp e d o u t

.
,
“

F re e m as on ry for i n 1 8 2 9 fre sh sign s o f i t s e xis t e n ce h avi n g b e e n obs e rv e d i n B arce lo n a

, , ,

Li e u t Col G alv e z w as h an ge d an d t wo ot h e r m e mb e rs o f t h e Craft w e re co n d e m n e d t o t he

.
-
.
,

gall e ys for li fe .

I n spi t e o f all t h is h ow e v e r t h e C raft co n t i n u e d t o con s olid at e i t s e lf al t h o ugh co m p e ll e d

, , ,

t o e x e rcis e t he gre at e s t s e cre cy i n all i t s p roc e e di n gs 3 On e o f t h e m e mb e rs o f t he Un i t e d .

1 A ct a Lat , vo l . i .
,
p . 2 65 .

2
L dg —N 7 50— t L z t i t h C y I sl ds w w
A o e o .
t d by t h G L f E gl d i 1 8 2 2
a an aro e , n e an ar an ,
as arran e e . . o n an n .

M h whi h p
3
uc d s d f ll ws st s t h s l t h i t y f D R f l S yé
c re ce e wh s sk t h f S p ish
an o o re on e o e au or o on a ae un o e e c o an
,

M s
a on ry i t h M d M c iq h b
n e p i t d w it h m
on l ss x t it d by t h j
e a on ls f t h C ft
ue as ee n re r n e ore or e e ac u e o er ou rn a o e ra .

E it h t h w it
er h h de ss t r hiv s hi t h t p s v d f m p bli k
er as a h h m s t i g i sly d v t il d
acc e o arc e er o re e r e ro u c e n , or e as o n e n ou o e a e

his t wi t h t h k
acco u n w f ts A I h v b bl t fi d y p lp bl dis p i s t h s f t s— i f s h
e no n ac . s a e e e n una e o n an a a e cre an c e , as e e ac uc
VOL 111 . . 2 s
 316 S PA IN .

S u pre m e C o u n ci l at t his t im e w as n o l e ss a p e rson age t h an D on F ran c is co d e B o urbon We

.
.
.

m ay als o m e n t i o n G e n e ral S an Mig u e l t he m i n ist e r L o p e z Mag n an an d o t h e rs I n 1 8 2 9 D on , , , .

F ran c is co h av i n g b e e n e l e c t e d G M o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t an d S o v C o m o f t h e A an d A S R . .

, . . . . . .

3 3 — t he e arli e s t G ran d Ori e n t ( 1 7 67 ) u n i t e d w i t h t he o n e u n d e r his l e ad e rship an d t hus fo r

°

a t im e fo rm e d o n e s o l e j u risdi ct i o n i n S p ai n w o rki n g t h e E n glish F re n ch an d — so c all e d , , ,

-

S co t t ish R it e s The acc e ssi on o f Qu e e n I s ab e lla I I i n 1 8 3 3 did n o t su ffi ce t o re li e v e t he

. .

C raft fro m t he n e ce ssi t y o f s e cre cy bu t w e h e ar n ot hi n g m o re o f act iv e p e rs e c u t i on A n , .

a n on m ou s G ran d Ori e n t o f S p ai n an n o u n ce d i t s e xis t e n ce t o t he G O o f F ran ce an d s e n t i n

y .
,

i t s s t at u t e s — sign e d A p ril 2 0 1 8 4 3 1 — w i t h a lis t o f m e mb e rs all d e sig n at e d by ps e ud o n yms

, .

I n 1 8 48 i t c all e d i t s e l f t he G ran d Ori e n t o f H e sp e ri a The G O o f F ran c e re fu s e d re co g n it i on . . .

o n accou n t o f t he s e c re c y i n w hi ch i t h ad sh ro ud e d i t s e l f an d e v e n fo u n d e d a Lo d g e o f i t s ,

o w n at B arce l o n a 2 A t t he h e ad o f t his G ran d Lo dg e w as D o n R am on M ari a C al at rava 3

. .

M e an w hile i n 1 8 4 8 fre sh p e rs e cu t io n s h ad b rok e n o u t duri n g t h e admi n is t rat i on of

,

Marsh al N arvae z D on F ran cis co e x c ommu n i cat e d by t h e P op e fl e d t he co u n t ry d e l e gat in g

.
, , ,

his au t h ori t y t o Charl e s M ag n an Un d e r t his admi n is t rat i on t he L o dg e s w e re n e i t h e r m ore .

n or l e ss t h an s e cre t p oli t ical ass oc iat i o n s u n t il ci rca 1 8 54 w h e n t h e C raft o n c e m ore o b t ai n e d , ,

t ol e rat i o n This is as crib e d t o t he all e g e d fact t h at D on F ran c is co d A ssi ssi t h e qu e e n s

’ ’
. .
,

co n s ort w as t he W M ,
o f a L o dg e h e ld i n t h e p al ac e i t s e l f
. Of t he su cce e di n g p e ri o d bu t
. .

li t t le is re ally k n o wn t h o ugh t h e re are n o t i ce s o n re cord o f Lo dg e s i n v ari o us c i t i e s an d o f

.
, ,

o n e fo u n d e d by F ran c e i n Mi n orca als o o f a L o dg e c o mp o s e d e x clusi v e ly o f E n glish

m e n i n M ad rid !1 Bu t t h e G ran d Ori e n t s u n d e r M agn an an d C al at rav a re sp e c t iv e ly i f n o t ,

abs o l u t e ly d o rm an t e xhibi t e d fe w sig n s o f li fe I t w o uld alm o s t app e ar as if t o l e rat i o n w e re

,
.

o n ly t o b e at t ai n e d at t h e p ri ce o f a t o t al abs e n ce o f s e l f ass e rt i on -
.

The re v o lu t i o n o f S e p t e mb e r 2 8 1 8 68 whi ch e xp e ll e d Qu e e n I s ab e ll a Op e n e d t h e c o u n t ry , , ,

t o t h e fre e e x e rc is e o f t h e ri t e s o f M as o n ry bu t i n re m o vin g t h e n e ce ssi t y for u n ion h as h ad , ,

t h e e ffe ct o f dividi n g t h e S oci e t y i n t o m ore c liqu e s t h an c an b e d is t i n ct ly d e s crib e d The .

s t at e m e n t s re sp e c t i n g t h e ris e o f t h e s e part ie s t h e ir subse qu e n t his t ory an d t h e ir pre s e n t , ,

st at e are so c on t radi c t ory an d v agu e t h at t h e s t u d e n t l o s e s all fe e li n g o f ce rt ain t y 5 On e fact .

al o n e s t an ds ou t cl e arly t h at t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f L u si t an i a (P o rt ug al) co mm e n ce d t o w arran t

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th y b —w
e e t lly k pt s t t t h t im
e re n a u ra d th y e w ll w i t hi
e cre t h m m y f th p s t g
a e ti e , an as e are e n e e or o e re e n e n e ra on ,

an d th f s s pt ibl f v l t i wh s y is l g d m d d I i li t
e re ore u ce e o re e a on dit t h m M v i t
en e cre c no on er e an e ,
nc ne o cre e . o re o e r,

sh ld t s p
ou no e ca ll t i t h t t h p si t i f t h w it —3 3 —w ld— t i m p b bly—giv h i m
e o u r re co ec on a e ss t o on o e r er
°
ou no ro a e acc e o

m h v l bl
uc vid
a ua disp s d t h gh t t h d m t y w ifs d st ys p s v d i t h j l sly g d d
e e e n ce , er e rou ou e ocu e n ar a an ra re e r e n e e a ou u ar e

Ch ll i
ance f th (
er es o ll d ) high d g s Of Th F m s A p il 3 M y 8 d J 1 9 1 8 8 0 d t h F
e so -ca e e re e . . e re e a on , r ,
a ,
an un e , an e re e

m s s Ch i l A g st 3 0 d S pt m b 6 1 8 8 4
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a on ron c e , u u , an e e er , .

A L1
d g w s t blish d t A l i d t h G d L dg f I l d —N O 3 4 7 —i th
e s ras, u n bv y d er e ran o e o re an n e a o e e ar, an
o e g
as e a e a .

c an cell d i 1 8 58
e n .

O t b 1 5 1 8 48 ;
2 c o er s m d w k 1 8 70 ; d is sh w i t h A
,
re u e i f th G O f
or 1886 A th L dg an o n n e n n u a re o e . or . no er o e

w t d by t h s m
as e re c e t h it y t C th g
e a i 1 8 69 b t is
e au w xt i t
or , a ar a e na n , u no e nc .

F i d l pp 654 656 ;
3 n e C l t v — pp t
- f N p l — liv d i xil i L d
a a ra a an t il 1 8 3 6 wo hs one n o a o e on e n e e n on on un , as c o en
, .

G M i 1 8 47 n d fill d t h fli
an t il his d t h F b e y 2 8 1 8 76
e o ce u n ea , e ru ar , .

—
. .
,

H 4 db h an S p i
uc A,
L dg a c.
—N 1 02 4 M li t y
an e n . d Phil t h py ow f m d t C diz
e d th o .
,
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o ra an an ro as or e a a un er e

G rand L dg f E gl d i 1 8 57 t h w
o e o n t f whi h w
an tn d i 1 8 75 ,
e arran o c as re u rn e n .

A l
5 t s J ly 3 0
a e as 1 8 7 9 t h U iut d G d O i t ,
f t h sis t ki
,
gd m e ( P t g l) d l
n e d i t s lf i p bl
ran f r en o e er n o or u a e c are e n ca a e o

v lli g t h t gl d w b f S p ish F m s y
u n ra e n e an e f dis v i g t h m s t l gi t i m t G
e o an d L dg
re e th a onr , or o co e r n e o e a e ran o e , or e on e

li k ly t p v i t h l g ( B l t i m Offi i l 1 8 8 0 p
e o ro e so n e on ru n o e c a , , .
 S PAIN .
317

L o dge s i n S p ai n an d at t his d ay n umb e rs alm o s t as larg e a follo wi n g as an y o t h e r o f t he ri v al

,

G ran d B o di e s .

The fi rst s t e p o f imp o rt an c e app e ars t o h av e b e e n t he re viv al o f C al at rava s N at i on al

'

G ran d Ori e n t o f S p ai n i n 1 8 69 C o n t e mp oran e o u s w i t h t his w as t he re vi v al u n d e r Magn an

.

o f his G ran d Ori e n t an d S u p re m e C o u n c il I n 1 8 7 0 he l e ft fo r S an t an d e r an d his o ffi ce w as

.
,

t h e re fo re t ran s fe rre d t o R uiz Z o rill a F o r t his purp o s e Z o rill a had i n fo u r d ays b e e n p ass e d
.

fro m t he humbl e p o si t i on o f a can di d at e for in i t iat io n t h ro ugh all t h e 3 3 d e g re e s o n e s t e p ,

K n igh t o f t h e E as t — h avi n g b e e n c o n fe rre d i n t he I b e ri an G ran d Ori e n t a b o dy w hich had ,

b e e n re ce n t ly e s t abli sh e d i n S p ai n by t he GO o f P ort ugal a riv al o f t h e GO o f Lusi t an i a .

,
. .

G M Z orill a w as p rim e mi n is t e r du ri n g t h e sh ort re ig n o f A m ad e us o f S a v o y and duri n g

. .
,

his t e n u re o f o ffi ce a t re at y w as e n t e re d i n t o b e t w e e n t he G ran d Orie n t s o f S p ai n an d

Lusit an ia gran t i n g a re c ipro c i t y o f ju risdi c t ion t o t he t w o con t ract i n g p art i e s F e b ru ary 1 2
, , ,

On t he abdi cat i o n o f A m ad e us R uiz Z orill a v o lu n t arily re sig n e d an d pl ace d his , ,

p ow e rs at t h e disp o s al o f t he C raft J an u ary 1 1 8 7 4 I t w as t h e n agre e d by s o m e o f t h e

, , .

Puissan t an d I llust ri o us m e mb e rs o f t he 3 3 t h at Zo rilla s re ig n sh o uld b e c o n sid e re d

“ ° ’

as n on a re n a n ull an d v o id an d t h at M agn an sh o uld re sum e c o mm an d as t h ou gh his rul e

, ,

had n e v e r su ffe re d i n t e rrup t i on Magn an app o in t e d C arvaj al as Li e u t G C o rn an d

. . .
,

imm e diat e ly re sign e d i n his favo ur C arv aj al w as su c ce e d e d i n t u rn as S o v G Co m by . . . .

F e rre r C on d e r A val o s Ori e ro an d Pan z an o y A lm i rall

, , , , .

S o m e of t h e bre t hre n h o w e v e r o bj e ct in g t o t his re sump t i o n by M agn an as u ltra wire s

, , ,

s e ce d e d an d e l e ct e d as S ov G Com G e n e ral La S om e ra i n su cc e ssi o n t o Z orilla S o m e ra

. . .
,
.

re sig n e d aft e r a t w e lv e m on t h i n fav o u r o f S agas t a aft e rw ards P rim e Mi n is t e r an d t h e l at t e r , ,

w as fo ll o w e d by A n t o n io R o m e ro Ort e z G o ve rn or o f t h e B an k o f S p ai n w ho dyi n g e arly , , ,

i n 1 8 8 4 w as succe e de d by D on M an u e l B e ce rra
, Un d e r S o m e ra 1 8 7 4 7 5 t his G ran d Lo dg e .
,
-
,

(i t has dro pp e d t he t it le Ori e n t ) absorb e d t h e I b e ri an G ran d Ori e n t m e n t io n e d ab o v e .

B e sid e s t h e s e t wo G ran d Orie n t s t h e re e xis t s at p re s e n t a N at i on al G O o f S pai n u n d e r . .

t he M arquis d e S e o an e This N at i on al G O is C al at rav as G ran d Ori e n t o f H i spe ri a

’
. . .
,

w hi c h is firs t h e ard o f ci rca 1 8 4 0 43 C al at rav a m u s t h av e co n sid e re d hims e l f at t h at d at e

-
.

le git imat e ly d e s ce n d e d fro m t h e o rigi n al G ran d L odge an d t h e E n glish Pro v G L for t he . . .

,

o fii cial d o c um e n t s b e ar t h e fo ll o w i n g d at e s — G ran d L o dge 1 7 2 8 ; 2 G ran d Ori e n t 1 7 8 0 ; , ,

S up re m e C o u n c il 1 8 08 C alat rav a c on t i n u e d t o b e G M u n t il his d e at h F e bruary 2 8 1 8 7 6

, . . .
, ,
.

Bu t t h e s e t hre e b o di e s n ot b e i n g su ffi c i e n t fo r ou r S p an ish bre t h re n a fre sh s c hism aro s e ,

i n 1 8 7 5 W h e n S o m e ra re sign e d— D e ce mb e r 2 7 1 8 7 5— a c e rt ain Ju an A n t o n i o P e re z
.
, ,

’
disapp rovi n g o f S agast a s e l e ct i on i n du ce d a fri e n d t o p ass hi m t o t h e, an d e re ct e d a

Gran d Orie n t — co mprisi n g a S upre me C o u n c il an d Gran d Lo dg e — o f his o w n By din t o f .

s e lf ass e rt io n t hi s Gran d Ori e n t w o uld app e ar t o h av e pro sp e re d fai rly w e ll j u dgin g fro m
-
,

o bs e rv at i on s i n t he Bal e i em O fi ci al o f t h e U G Lusi t an i an Ori e n t for 1 8 8 0 an d t he re c ogn i

'

. .
,

t i o n o f i t s Gran d L o dge by s e v e ral g o v e rn in g C raft b o di e s i n A m e rica I am u n abl e t o say .

w h e t h e r i t st ill e xis t s or has submi t t e d t o t h e aut h ori t y o f s o m e o t h e r G ran d B o dy i n S p ai n

,
.

Pe re z is l e ft u n n ot i c e d by t h e c urre n t Mas on i c j o u rn als n or d o e s his n am e app e ar i n an y ,

o f t h e n ume ro us C al e n d ars of t he C raft —n at iv e an d fo re ig n — whi ch I h av e co n sul t e d .

1 s p li t C l d
Co m o o an a en ar, 1 8 7 5, p . 2 17 .

2
Th y
e i whi h t h
e ar n c e Du k e of Whart o n fou n d d t he fi st L dg
e r o e in M a d idr .
318 S PAIN .

On D e c e mb e r 2 8 1 8 7 9 , t w o Lo dg e s w i t h d re w fro m t h e
,
G ran d Lusi t an i an Ori e n t i n a
p e rfe ct ly l e gal m an n e r an d fo rm e d t h e ms e l v e s i n t o a G ran d C e n t ral M as o n i c C o n sis t ory 3 2
,
°

at M al ag a w i t h t h e p ro fe ss e d i n t e n t i o n o f re m ai n i n g i n d e p e n d e n t fo r a t im e an d e v e n t u ally
, ,

j oi n i n g t he G ran d Ori e n t w hi ch sh o uld u l t i m at e ly su cce e d i n b e i n g u n iv e rs ally re cog n is e d .

Wit h a simil ar in t e n t i on 1 3 Lo dg e s o f t his s am e G ran d Orie n t w i t hdre w fro m i t s ju ri sdi c

t io n at ab o u t t he s am e t i m e an d form e d t h e ms e lv e s i n t o a M as o n i c C o n fe d e rat io n o f t h e
,

°
C o n gre ss o f S e vill e e xt e n di n g t h e i r s w ay als o t o t h e 3 2 on ly
,
The m o d e s t y w i t h w h ic h .

°
t h e s e t w o b o di e s re frai n fro m e s t ablishin g a S up re m e C o u n cil 3 3 p ro v e s at l e as t t h e si n ce ri t y

o f t h e ir p ro t e s t at i o n s A t t he h e ad o f t his C o n fe d e rat i o n is J L Padill a,

. . .

A furt h e r p roo f o f t he go o d i n t e n t i o n s o f t his C o n fe d e rat i o n m ay b e h ail e d w i t h h o p e an d

re j o i ci n g al t h o u gh i t h as h ad t h e e ffe ct o f s t ill fu rt h e r i n cre asi n g t h e n umb e r o f g o v e rn i n g
,

b o di e s On F e b ru ary 7 1 8 8 1 i t di v e st e d i t s e l f o f all co n t ro l o v e r F re e m as on ry an d n ow
.
, , ,

d e clare s i n i t s v e ry t it l e t h at i t h as j u risdi ct i on o v e r t he 4 t h an d 3 2 n d d e gre e s on ly This .

“

at l e as t w as a w is e s t e p i n w hi c h i t fo ll o w e d t h e e x ampl e se t i n m an y o t h e r co u n t ri e s by
,

b o di e s assumi n g t he t i t l e o f S up re m e C o u n cil A an d A S R , . . . .

A s a re s u l t o n t he s am e d at e F e b ru ary 7 t h e m e mb e rs o f t he C raft e re ct e d a G ran d

, , ,

S p ani sh I n d e p e n d e n t S ymb o li c L o dg e wi t h j u risdi ct io n o ve r t h e fi rs t t h re e d e gre e s at

, ,

S e v ille u n de r Gran d M as t e r C as t ro w ho has si n ce b e e n s u c ce e d e d by Bran li o R uiz

, , In a .

c i rc ul ar o f July 2 9 1 8 8 3 t h e n umb e r o f s u b ordi n at e L o dg e s u n d e r t his G ran d B o dy is s t at e d

, ,

t o be t w e n t y o n e -
.

I t hi n k i t qui t e p o ssibl e t h at o n e m ore G ran d Lo dge e xi s t s — for w h e n t he I b e ri an G ran d

Ori e n t w as abs orb e d i n 1 8 7 4 by S o m e ra s o m e L o dge s n i n e i n all i n cre as e d t o t w e lv e by , , ,

t h re e s e ce d e rs fro m S o m e ra s G ran d L o dg e we re diss at isfi e d w i t h t he arran ge m e n t an d dis

’

, ,

s e n t i n g fro m t he m aj ori t y re viv e d or c on t i n u e d t he I b e ri an G O I n 1 8 7 6 i t re du c e d t he 3 3

,
. .

d e gre e s t o 7 con d e n si n g t h e pit h o f all t h e o t h e rs t hus formi n g t h e S p an ish r

, e fo rm e d ri t e 1 , .

On t he o t h e r h an d i t m ay b e l on g si n c e e x t i n ct .

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t h at o f P e re z sup e radds t he m o d e rn F re n c h R i t e o f 7 d e gre e s

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. . . Of t h e ir s t re n gt h .

i t is imp o ssibl e t o p re s e n t an y s t at is t i c s S p an ish Lo dge s b e i n g m o s t e ph e m e ral i n t h e i r n at u re

, .

The o ffi c i al lis t s as giv e n i n t h e v ari o us M as on i c C al e n d ars o f c urre n t d at e are o f li t t l e

av ail for t h e y com pris e L o dg e s whi ch l on g si n ce b e c am e e x t i n ct Thus B e ce rra s G ran d
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L odge h as an appare n t fo llow i n g of 2 9 9 sub o rdi n at e L odge s an d ac cordi n g t o an offi ci al ,

bulle t in issu e d e igh t y t w o n e w c h art e rs i n 1 8 8 2 - Bu t t he F re e m ason of A u gus t 7 1 8 8 0 .

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g i v e s a li s t o f t h e ac t iv e Lo d g e s u n d e r t h is G M an d al t h o u gh t he l as t n u mb e r is 1 4 2 t h e . .
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t o t al o f L o d ge s o nly m o u n t s up t o 4 5 or ab o u t a t hi rd I f w e apply t his s cal e o f p rop ort i on

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w h e re n e ce ss ary— t o t h e l ast lis t s at my disp o s al w e o b t ain (app ro xim at e ly) — G ran d N at i o n al ,

Ori e n t 1 8 8 5 60 L o d g e s ; G ran d Lo dg e 1 8 8 5 1 00 ; GO o f P e re z 1 8 8 1 60 ; G O o f Port u gal

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o f S p an ish G ran d L o dg e s m ay h e lp t o m ak e t h e subj e c t a li t t l e l e ss c o n fu s e d ; b u t I h av e

o mi tt e d as b e sid e t he qu e s t i on n on S p an ish G ran d L o dg e s w hi c h p o ss e ss d augh t e r L o dg e s

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s o me w h at e arli e r ac c o u n t s c om e t o u s fro m w h at is n o w an i n t e g ral p art o f t he t e rrit ory

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o f by R u ssi a an d Tu rk e y i n 1 8 00 by F ran ce i n 1 8 07 an d by E n gl an d i n 1 8 09 , The G0 , . .

o f F ran ce fo u n d e d a L o dg e at C o rfu — S t N ap ole o n — i n 1 8 09 an d a s e co n d i n 1 8 1 0 In , .

1 8 1 5 t he isl an ds w e re form e d i n t o t h e I o n i an R e p u bli c u n d e r t he p rot e ct i on o f E n gl an d ,

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G re e ce at C orfu 1 w i t h A n ge lo Cali chi o pu lo as G M

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furt h e r i n form at i o n re sp e ct i n g t his G ran d Lo dg e is al t o ge t h e r w an t i n g A n o t h er E n glish .

Lo d ge — N o 1 1 8 2 S t ar o f t h e E as t — w as e s t ablish e d at Z an t e i n 1 8 61
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t w o o t h e rs w e re con s t i t u t e d by t he s am e au t h ori t y at C o rfu— Ph oe n ix 1 8 4 3 — an d at Z an t e ,

S t ar 1 8 59 — t he form e r o f w hi c h s u rvi v e s at t his d ay

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u n d e r t h e G rand Ori e n t o f I t aly w i t h e igh t sub ordi n at e L odg e s — at S yra A t h e n s Pi roe u s
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L o dge o f G re e ce A c ou n cil o f n in e m e mb e rs t o dire ct t h e Gran d L o dg e w as app o i n t e d by

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t he re p re s e n t at iv e s o f t h e L o dg e s July 9 1 8 7 2 By t his co u n cil— July 1 1 — Pri n ce

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R ho d ocan ak i s o f S c i o w as e l e ct e d G M an d re t ai n e d t h e o ffi ce u n t il 1 8 8 1 w h e n h e
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w as su cc e e d e d by N i ch ol as D am as c hi n o The G ran d Lo dg e sh o o k o ff t he fe t t e rs o f t h e .

high d e gre e s b u t o t h e rwis e re t ai n s mu ch o f an I t ali an imp re ss A S upre m e C o u n c il 3 3

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w as h o w e v e r fo rm e d at a l at e r p e ri o d for t h e d e gre e s o f t h e A an d
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i n dividu als as o ffi ce b e are rs as i n t h e G ran d Lo dg e bu t w it h o u t an y c on t rol o v e r o r i n flu e n ce

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i n t h e l at t e r Of t h e s u b ordin at e Lo dge s si x are i n a fl o u rishi n g con di t io n — at A t h e n s 3 ;

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TUR KE Y .

Turk e y can s aid t o e n t e r i n t o t h e family o f G r

h ardly be an d L o d g e s at al l an d p o ss e ss e s ,

n o in d e p e n de n t o r N at i o n al G ran d L o dge L odg e s h ow e v e r e xis t at C on st an t in o ple .

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S myrn a D am asc us Be yro u t an d E ph e s u s h ailin g fro m E n gl an d S co t l an d F ran c e I t aly an d

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I e l d A w ar ran t w as a ls o ran t e d f o r a L o dg e — t h e R o y al S o l o m on — at J e rus al e m by

r an .
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t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f C an ad a i n 1 8 7 3 ! The e arli e s t allusi on t o M as o n ry i n Tu rk e y t h at I

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h av e m e t w i t h o c c urs i n t h e S t J a me s E ve n i ng P ost o f 1 7 3 8 w h e re i n a l e t t e r fro m F lore n ce , , ,

d at e d M ay 2 4 o f t h at y e ar— whi ch has b e e n alre ady re fe rre d t o 2 — t h e re app e ars We h e ar

1
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fro m C on s t an t i n o pl e t h at t he Lo dg e s o f S myrn a an d A l e pp o are gre at ly i n cre as e d an d t h at ,

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s e ve ral Tu rks o f dist i n ct i on h av e b e e n admit t e d i n t o t h e m .

N o L o dg e h o w e v e r s e e ms t o h av e b e e n e re c t e d i n Tu rk e y by vi rt u e o f an y w arran t o r
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p at e n t fro m a l e git im at e g o v e rn i n g b o dy u n t il F e b ru ary 3 1 7 48 w h e n as re lat e d at an , , ,

e arli e r p age a L o dg e w as co n st it ut e d at A l e pp o e i t h e r by o r u n d e r t h e au spi ce s o f

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A l e x an d e r D rumm o n d This w ort hy h o w e v e r b e fore re ce i v i n g a

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p ro vi n c i al c o mmi ssion , ,

fro m t he G ran d Lo dg e o f S c o t l an d h ad t ak e n u p his re sid e n ce at A le x an d re t t a i n Turk e y ,

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an d e re c t e d s e v e ral Mas o n L o dg e s i n t h p
at ar t o f t h e co u n t ry .

The c u rio u s m an n e r i n w hi c h t h e gran t o f an e arly S co t t ish ch art e r w as s o m e t im e s

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re cord e d w ill b e s e e n i n t he n o t e b e l o w
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w hi ch e vid e n t ly re fe rs t o a l at e r Lo dg e e s t ablish e d ,

by D rumm o n d at A l e pp o t h o ugh sin gul ar t o st at e — n o corre sp on di n g e n t ry is t o be fo u n d i n

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t he b ooks o f t h e Gran d Lo dge .

D r D i o n ysius M an ass e w as app o i n t e d E n glish P ro v G M for all A rm e n i a i n t h e E as t . . .

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I n die s by E arl F e rre rs 1 7 62 64 an d his n am e o n ly dis app e ars fro m t h e o ffi ci al list s i n

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1 8 05 Of t hi s p e rs on ag e n ot hin g fu rt h e r is k n o w n L o dg e s c am e in t o e xist e n ce as w e h av e .
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al re ady s e e n u n d e r t h e G ran d L o d g e (an d G O ) o f G e n e v a i n 1 7 69 an d 1 7 8 7 at C on s t an t i

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p e a .

A ft e r t his p e rio d t h e re is n o t hi n g t o re cord u n t il w e app roach ou r o wn t im e s Lo dg e s .

w e re e s t ablish e d at C on s t an t i n o pl e ( Pe ra) by t he G ran d L o dge o f E n gl an d— Ori e n t al N o 9 8 8

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— 1 8 56 ; by t h e G ran d Orie n t o f F ran ce —L E t oi le D u Bosph ore — 1 8 58 an d by t he G ran d ’

L od ge o f I re lan d— N o 1 66—1 8 65 The Gran d Lo dge o f S cot lan d has b e e n re pre s e n t e d i n

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T u rk e y (S y ri a) sin ce 1 8 61 by t he P al e st i n e L o dg e N o 4 1 5 at Be yrou t The Lo dg e s u n d e r , .

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t he GO o f I t aly h av e b e e
. n p e vi sly e e e d
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I n 1 8 59 — Ju n e 1 — t he G ran d Lo dg e o f E n gl an d w as i n fo rm e d by t h e B oard o f G e n e ral

Purp o s e s t h at a co mm u n i cat i on h ad b e e n re ce iv e d fro m t h e Orie n t al Lo dg e N o 9 8 8 at , .
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C o n s t an t in o pl e re sp e c t i n g t he e xist e n ce o f i rre g u l ar L o dge s at S myrn a Th e B oard e xpre ss e d

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t h e ir b e li e f t h at t h e L o dg e s i n qu e s t i on — n ame d I o n i c A n at o li a an d Be n z e n z i a— w e re i rre gu l ar , ,

ass e mbli es an d t h at t h e so c alle d G ran d L o dg e o f Tu rk e y fo rm e d o f t h o s e t h re e Lo dge s was

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als o an i rre g u l ar b o dy u n t il t h e s am e d at e .

A t t he n e x t m e e t i n g o f Gran d L o dg e — Ju n e 2 3 — t h e Pre sid e n t o f t h e B o ard agai n

’
c all e d at t e n t i o n t o w h at w as c all e d Th e G ran d L o dg e o f Tu rk e y an d e xpl ai n e d t h at
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i t h ad b e e n fo rm e d by a b ro t h e r w h o w as at S my rn a at t h e e n d o f t h e C rim e an w ar an d ,

w ho i t w as p ro of had b e e n bro u gh t forward on t he subj e ct —w as i n pos

Th at t his bro t h e r m ad e ab o u t t w e n t y M as o n s an d divid e d ,

t h e m i n t o t h re e Lo dge s w hi c h aft e rwards call e d t h e ms e lv e s The G ran d L o dg e o f Tu rk e y

‘ ’
, .

H e t h e re fore m o v e d Th at t he W Mast e rs o f all re gul ar Lo d g e s b e cau t i o n e d agai n s t .

1p 53 ; L w i 1 8 04 p 1 65
A n te , . a r e, , . .

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ch t f st it t i g L dg t A ll pp w sig d by t h M st W ship f l M st
ar e r o r co n u n a d th o th p p ffi e a e o as ne e o or u a e r an e o er ro er o ce

b s f t h G d L dg d ls by t h ffi b s f t his L dg
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n a o ce , an R W a n acco r n e c are e a r acan , e ro o e or u cce or ou r . .

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32 2 R O UM A N I A .

re ce ivi n g p e rs on s c l aimi n g admissio n (e i t h e r as V isi t o rs or j o i n i n g M e mb e rs) o n t he g ro u n d

o f t h e i r h av i n g b e e n i n i t i at e d by s u ch i rre gul ar Lo dg e s i n S my rn a
.
whi ch w as ord e re d -

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ac c ordi n gly .

I n 1 8 61 t he E n glish L o d ge s w e re u n it e d i n a D is t ri c t G ran d Lo dg e u n d e r t he B ri t ish .

A mb ass ad or S ir H e n ry B u l w e r as
, w h o w as foll o w e d i n 1 8 69 by J oh n P ort e r
,

B row n an d i n 1 8 7 3 by S t e ph e n S cou lou d i The n umb e r o f E n glish L o d g e s w i t hi n wh at for

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c o n v e n i e n c e s ak e m a b t m d t h j isdi t i — for t h e re is at p re s e n t n o D is t ri ct G ran d

y e e r e e ur c o n

L o dge — is t e n — at S my rn a 6 C on s t an t i n ople 3 ; an d E ph e sus l— an e l e v e n t h c o mp o s e d

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o f G e rm an s h avi n g b e e n u n abl e t o m ai n t ain i t s e xis t e n ce

, T he G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce o w n s .

4 L o dg e s — C o n s t an t in o pl e 3 ; Be yro u t 1 ; t h at o f I t aly 3 — C o n s t an t i n o pl e 2 ; D am as cus 1 ;

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re sp e c t iv e ly .

Th e Tu rks h o w e v e r are s aid t o h av e al ways had s e cre t s oci e t i e s o f t h e i r o wn t h at

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o f t h e Be t aschi — i t is alle g e d — n u mb e ri n g m an y t h o u s an ds o f M u ss u lm an s i n i t s ran ks

g ,

an d i n w hi c h b ro t h e rh o o d n o n e b u t a t ru e M o sl e m can b e admit t e d Th e Be gt aschi .

p o ss e ss c e rt ai n sig n s an d p ass words by whi ch t h e y are e n abl e d t o dis t in guish t ru e “

bre t h re n fro m v agab on d imp o s t o rs .

Th e A n c i e n t an d A cce p t e d S co t s R it e is re p re s e n t e d by a S u p re m e C o u n cil 3 3 o f Tu rk e y
°

fo u n d e d ab ou t 1 8 69 w i t h J P B ro w n as S o v e re ig n G ran d C o mm an d e r
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, . . I n 1 8 7 2 h e was - .

su cce e d e d by H i s H igh n e ss Pri n c e H alim P ash a t he pre s e n t h e ad o f t h e Tu rkish b ran c h ,

o f t h e ri t e Th e ope rat i on s o f t his b o dy are h o w e v e r co n fi n e d t o t h e so call e d high d e g re e s

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.
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so t h at Turk e y c an h ardly b e s aid t o b o as t o f an i n d e p e n d e n t n at i o n al M as on ry .

R OUM A N I A .

Pri or t o 1 8 59 w e
h e ar n ot hi n g of F re e m as on ry i n t his p ri n cip ali t y I n t h at y e ar h o w e v e r .
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t h e GO o f F ran c e w arran t e d a L o dg e i n Bu c h are s t an d t h e e x ampl e w as foll o w e d by o t h e rs

.
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so t h at i n 1 8 8 0 L o dg e s e xis t e d as fo ll o w s — Un de r t h e G O o f F ran c e 9 ; G O o f I t aly 1 0 ; .

, .
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an d t h e G ran d L o d g e o f H u n g ary 1 On S e p t e mb e r 8 1 8 8 0 t h e N at i on al G ran d L o dg e o f

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R o u m an i a w as form e d an d t he o ffi ci al lis t of 1 8 8 2 sh o w s 1 9 L o dg e s w hile t h at o f 1 8 8 4

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p re s e n t s us w i t h t h e n am e s o f 2 3 Bu t i t m ay b e o bs e rv e d t h at i f R o um an i a b e g an l at e i t
.
,

l o st n o t im e i n ac qui ri n g e v e ry p o ssibl e grad e an d rit e t h at M a co u ld supply .

On Ju n e t h e S u p re m e C o u n c il o f t h e R i t e o f M e mphis

8 1 8 8 1 t h e S u p re m e C ou n c il 3 3 o f t h e A an d
°

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o f R oy al A rc h M as o n s ; an d fi n al ly— M arc h 1 0 1 8 8 3 — t he S u p ,

o f t he S w e d e n b o rgi an R i t e o f R o u m an ia The G ran d L o dg e fo ll o w s t h e M e mphis or .

A n c i e n t an d P rimi t iv e R it e w i t h 2 3 Lo dg e s as alre ady s t at e d b e sid e s 9 R o s e C ro ix Ch ap t e rs

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1 S e n at e o f K ad o sch 1 G ran d Tribu n al an d t he S u p re m e C o un cil

, The S up re m e R A , . .

Ch apt e r has o n ly 1 s u b ordi n at e Ch apt e r Th e A an d A S R 3 3 p o ss e ss e s 4 L o dge s an d 3 . . . . .

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Ch apt e rs an d t he S we d e n b orgian s 2 Lo dg e s The G ran d M ast e r of o n e an d all t h e s e b o di e s

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is C M orc i n C ap t ai n o f i n fan t ry
.
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s e l e ct i on o f pre t e n d e d M as o n i c w are s .

4
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P ro c . G . L . of E n gl d J
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 M A L TA .
32 3

S E RVI A .

In B e lg rad e , t he ca pi t al , t h e re are t wo L o dg e s u n d e r t he Gran d Ori e n t of I t aly .

MA LTA .

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This small li n k i n E n glan d s ch ain aro u n d t h e gl o b e has n e v e r p o ss e ss e d a Gran d L o dge
o f i t s o wn bu t d e s e rv e s m e n t i on b e caus e at t h e t im e of t h e re viv al an d u n t il t he c l o s e o f t h e
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last ce n t ury i t w as an in d e p e n d e n t s t at e gov e rn e d by t he mili t ary ord e r o f t h e Kn igh t s o f

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Malt a I t has b e e n re p e at e d ad n au se am by fore ign w ri t e rs t h at t he Kn igh t s w e re in imi cal

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t o t h e C raft b u t so far fro m t his b e in g t he cas e i t has b e e n cl e arly sh o w n by a re ce n t w rit e r1

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t h at as in dividu als t h e y w e re i n m an y i n s t an ce s s t an ch supp ort e rs o f i t an d t h at o n ly ,

o ffi ci ally an d u n d e r p ap al pre ss u re did t he G ran d M as t e rs o f t he Ord e r re lu ct an t ly i n t e rfe re

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A c t i n g u n d e r t his c o mpulsi on t he G M i n 1 7 4 0 caus e d t he Bull o f Cl e m e n t XI I t o b e . .

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.

publish e d i n t h at islan d an d forb ad e t h e m e e t in gs o f t h e F re e m as on s

, I n 1 7 4 1 t he .

I n quisit i o n pu rsu e d t he F re e m as on s at Mal t a Th e G M pro s crib e d t h e ir ass e mbli e s u n d e r . . .

s e ve re p e n alt ie s an d six Kn igh t s w e re b an ish e d fro m t he islan d i n p e rp e t uit y for h avi n g

,

assis t e d at a m e e t i n g .

Bu t sh ort ly aft e rwards M as on ry w as p ract is e d W it h o u t an y gre at e ffort at con ce alm e n t ,

for an u n ch art e re d (o r in d e p e n d e n t ) L o d g e w hi c h diss o lv e d i n 1 7 7 1 re ass e mble d July 2 , ,

1 7 8 8 un d e r i t s o ld t it l e o f S e cre c y an d H arm o n y
, The M as t e r an d D e put y M as t e r w e re .

To mm asi an d D e L o v as b ot h G ran d C ro ss e s of t h e Ord e r an d all t h e o t h e r o ffi ce rs w e re K n igh t s

, , .

A l e t t e r o f t his L o dg e is e xt an t an d h as b e e n r i rin t e d 3 I n 1 7 8 9 — Marc h 3 0— t h e L o dg e

fi
.
,

w as co n s t it u t e d by t he G ran d L o d g e o f E n gl an d as N o 53 9
. . .

The m ore re ce n t his t ory o f F re e m as on ry i n M al t a m ay b e v e ry sh o rt ly summ e d up , I n

.

1 8 1 5 Walle r R o dw e ll Wright w as app o i n t e d P ro v G M an d his di s t rict w as subs e qu e n t ly . . .

,

e nlarg e d so as t o e mb race t h e wh o l e o f t he M e dit e rran e an Un de r his su cce ss or D r Burro w s .

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Gib ralt ar an d M alt a b e cam e a lin k e d pro vin ce bu t e ach at t h e pre s e n t d ay p o ss e ss e s i t s o wn ,

D ist ri ct G M Tun is w as i n corp orat e d wit h t he M alt a di st ri ct i n 1 8 69

. . .

I n Mal t a i t s e l f t h e re are six L o dg e s fi v e E n gli sh— N os 3 4 9 4 07 51 5 1 9 2 3 an d 1 9 2 6

—
.
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an d o n e I rish — N o 3 8 7 form e d i n 1 8 51 —whilst at Tun is t h e re are t w o N os 1 7 1 7 an d

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, .

1 8 3 5—b o t h o f whi ch are o n t he roll o f t he G L o f E n gl an d I n t he isl an d it s e l f or rat h e r . . .

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at Val e t t a t h e c api t al w h e re al
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lt h e Malt e s e Lo dge s ass e mbl e t he m e mb e rship as a m at t e r
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o f co urs e sh ow s a l arg e milit ary e l e m e n t

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A M Bro ad le yfi lhe H t or is y f F s yi l
M a t a, 1 8 8 0, pp
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. . o re e m a on r n . 38 .

2P li t i l st t f G
o ca a e o re a t B it i r a n , vol. li x 1 7 40, p. 42 7 ; A ct a Lat ,
pp . 47 -49 ; an d Broad ly
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R pp F i m ur i Ty l pp ls db h iii Ma ta l
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re a er n ro , . 1 3 4, 1 35 ; se e a o t he H an uc , vol . . a v. .

VOL . III .
32 4 F R E E M A S ON R Y [ N A S I A .

C H A P TE R XXIX .

F R E E M A S ON R Y IN A S I A — A F R I CA — WE S T I N DIE S M E X I CO
C E N TR A L A M E R I CA — S OUTH A M E R I C A — A US TR A L A S I A
OC E A N I A .

F RE E M A S ONRY IN A S IA .

T has b e e n t h e pract i ce o f M as on i c w rit e rs t o p ass v e ry ligh t ly o ve r t he his t ory o f

F re e m as o n ry i n n o n E uro p e an co u n t ri e s an d t o e x clud e alm o s t fro m m e n t i o n t h e
-
,

c o n di t io n o r p ro g re ss o f t h e C raft i n e v e n t h e l arg e s t C o l on i e s or D e p e n d e n ci e s

w i t hi n t he s o v e re ign t y o f an Old Wo rld p o w e r Thus w e are t o ld by F i n d e l t h at

.

t he Lo d g e s e xis t in g i n t h e s e qu art e rs o f t he gl o b e w e re o n e an d all u n d e r t he G ran d

L o dge s o f E n gl an d S c o t l an d H o llan d or F ran ce an d t h e re fore t h e ir hist ory fo rms an
, , , ,

i n s e p arable p art o f t hat of t h e co u n t ri e s i n qu e s t io n 1 Wi t h all d e fe re n c e h o w e v e r t he

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p o si t i o n h e re laid d o wn must b e re sp e ct fu lly d e murre d t o I n t he E as t an d We s t I n di e s

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an d e ls e w h e re — t he n at i v e s o f m an y co u n t ri e s c o mmi n gl e d L o dg e s e xis t e d u n d e r a v ari e t y ,

o f j urisdi c t i on s
,
an d i f an i n t e llig e n t app re c i at i o n o f F re e m as o n ry is b e s t at t ai n e d by co m

p ari n g on e M as on i c sys t e m w i t h an ot h e r t h e b re t h re n at a dis t an ce from E u rop e e nj oy e d i n

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m an y cas e s o pp ort u n it i e s d e n i e d t o t h o se re sidi n g i n L on d o n P aris or B e rlin The m o s t , , .

p o pu lar an d e x t e n siv e ly di ffus e d of t he M as on i c I n n o vat i on s w hi ch e i t h e r cl aim an e qu alit y

w it h o r a s u p e ri ori t y o v e r t h e G ran d A u t h o ri t y o f t h e C raft w as c radl e d i n t h e G re at e r
, , ,

A n t ill e s ; 2
w hils t i n t h e L e ss e r A n t ill e s — as i n t h e E as t I n di e s — B ri t ish F re n ch an d D ut ch , ,

Lo dge s e xist e d sid e by sid e I n d e e d i n s o m e o f t h e s e islan ds t h e re w e re as w ill sh ort ly

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, , ,

app e ar L o dg e s u n d e r s t ill o t h e r j u risdi c t i on s t h an t h o s e alre ady e n um e rat e d an d t h e re ad e r

“

, ,

d e si ro us o f st udyi n g t h e Mas on i c hist ory o f t h e We s t I n di e s w o uld i n t he abs e n ce o f an y , ,

fu rt h e r m at e ri als t o facili t at e his i n quiry b e l e ft v e ry mu ch i n t h e p o si t i o n o f an as t ro n o m e r

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w i t h o u t a t e l e s co p e w ho migh t s e e k t o co mpu t e t h e p at h o f a pl an e t by co n j e ct ure

, .

I sh all t h e re fore d o my b e s t i n all cas e s wh e re t h e re has b e e n a c on fli ct o f jurisdict i o n s

, ,

t o e n able t h o s e o f my re ade rs who are e sp e c ially i n t e re s t e d i n t h e d e p art m e n t o f i n quiry

w e are n o w pursuin g t o t ak e w h at I m ay v e n t ure t o t e rm a bi rd s e e vi e w o f F re e mas o n ry
’
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—b ot h i n a g e n e ral an d con t e mp oran e ou s asp e ct — as e xist i n g at an y t im e i n t he vario us por
t io n s o f t h e e art h s surfac e whi ch fall w i t hin t h e pu rvi e w o f t h e p re s e n t c h ap t e r
’
.

A ccordin g t o R e b o ld A ft e r H o ll an d h ad b e com e i n co rp orat e d w i t h t h e F re n ch E mpire

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July h e G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce assum e d t h e con t ro l o f al l t h e D u t ch L o dge s w hi ch

( t

1
P . 61 4.
2
Cf . an t e , pp . 59 , 1 2 4, an d s p
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 I N DI A .
32 5

t he n xis t e d w it h t he e x ce pt i on o f t ho s e of t he I n d i e s, w hi ch m ai n e d u n d e r t he ob e die n ce
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w hi c h had cre at e d t h e m an d w hi ch i d on
carr e t h e t it l e Of G ran d L o d ge o f t he Un it e d Pro vi n ce s
of t h e Lo w C ou n t ri e s .

Thus for a t im e an d du ri n g t h e t e mp orary o blit e rat io n o f H o llan d as a ki n gd o m w h at had

, , ,

b e e n t h e C o l on i al L o dge s Of t h at m on archy b e c am e i n s t ri ct n e ss t he on ly comp on e n t m e mb e rs , , ,

Of t he G ran d L o dg e .

I n an o t h e r w ay as w ill b e p re s e n t ly n arrat e d t h e P rovi n c i al G ran d L o dge Of B e n gal i n

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B ri t ish I n di a b e cam e on m ore t h an o n e o ccasi o n i n e v e ry t hi n g bu t n ame a Gran d L o dge

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i n d e p e n d e n t o f t he m ot h e r c o u n t ry an d u n le ss i t s pro ce e di n gs forme d t he subj e ct o f a s e parat e

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i n qu iry t h e s t ud e n t w ho i n all goo d fai t h ac ce p t e d t he assu ran c e Of F i n d e l t h at t he hist ory o f

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M ason ry in H i n d o st an w as in s e p arabl e fro m t h at Of E n gland w o uld v ain ly s e arch t he archive s ,

Of t he Pre mi e r Gran d L o dge o f t h e World fo r t h e n am e s Of L o dg e s t h at n e v e r app e are d o n he r ,

roll or for an ac co u n t Of t ran s ac t i on s t h at w e re n e v e r e n t e re d in he r re cords

, .

I N DI A .

B E NGAL — I n 1 7 2 8 a d e put at i on w as g ran t e d by t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d t o G e orge

Pomfre t E sq au t h orisin g him t o Op e n a n e w Lo dge i n B e n gal
,
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, Of t his p e rs on age n ot hi n g .
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furt h e r is k n o wn ; b ut u n d e r C ap t ai n R alph F arw i n t e r w h o i n t h e fo ll o w in g y e ar S u c ce e d e d ,

him as Pro vi n ci al G ran d M ast e r o f I n di a a Lo dg e w as duly e s t ablish e d i n 1 7 3 0 w hich i n , ,

t h e E n grav e d Lis t s is dist i n guish e d by t he arms Of t h e C o mp an y an d is d e s crib e d as N O 7 2 , .

,

at B e n ga l i n t h e E as t I n di e s
, .

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,
.
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i n 1 7 4 0 aft e r w h o m cam e t h e H o n o urabl e R o g e r D rak e app oi n t e d A pril 1 0 1 7 55 The

‘

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las t n am e d w as G ov e rn or Of C al cu t t a at t he t im e Of t h e at t ack m ade O n t he s e t t l e m e n t

by S u rajah D o wlah i n 1 7 56 D rak e e s cap e d t he h orrors o f t h e Bl ac k H o l e by d e s e rt i n g his

.

p o s t an d flyi n g t o t he sh i pp i n g bu t t h ough pre s e n t at t h e re t akin g of C al c u t t a i n J an u ary -

1 7 57 by t h e force s u n d e r C liv e an d Wat s o n i t is imp rob abl e — aft e r t he cal ami t y whi ch b e fe l ,

he S e t t le m e n t — t h at h e re sum e d t h e dut ie s Of his M as o n i c Offi ce .

The min ut e s Of Gran d L o dge i n form us t h at William M ack e t t P ro v G M o f C al c u t t a w as , . . .

,

p re s e n t at a m e e t i n g o f t h at b o dy N o v e mb e r 1 7 1 7 60 ; an d w e l e arn o n t h e s am e au t h ori t y
, , ,

t h at at t he re qu e s t Of t h e L o dg e s i n t h e E ast I n di e s Culli n g S mi t h E sq w as app o i n t e d “

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,

P G M i n 1 7 62
. . . A t t he p e ri o d i n qu e s t io n i t w as t h e c us t o m i n B e ngal t o e l e ct t he P ro v
. .

G M an n u ally by t h e m aj ori t y Of t he v o i ce s Of t he m e mb e rs t h e n p re s e n t fro m am o n g t h o s e

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w ho h ad p ass e d t h ro ugh t he di ffe re n t Offi ce s Of t h e [ P rov ] G ran d Lo dg e an d wh o h ad s e rv e d ,

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as D e p Pro v GM . This an n u al e l e ct i o n as s oon as n o t ifi e d t o t h e G ran d L o dge o f
. . .
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E n gl an d w as co n fi rm e d by t h e G M w it h o u t i t s b e i n g t h ough t an i n fri n ge me n t O f hi s
‘

. .
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pre ro g at iv e .

I n acco rd an ce w i t h t his p ract i ce S amu e l Middl e t on w as e l e ct e d P G M ( ci rca) 1 7 67 bu t . . .

i n p assi n g I m ay b ri e fly Obs e rve t h at a fe w y e ars pre vio usly a ki n d Of ro vin g c o mmissi on h ad

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b e e n gran t e d by E arl F e rre rs— 1 7 62 64—t o J o h n Blu vi t t co mm an d e r o f t he A dmi ral -

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Wat s o n I n diaman for E as t I n di a wh e re no ot h e r Provi n cial is t o b e fou n d

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.

1
H ist . d e s Tro is G d s L g s p
ran e o e , . 119 . Cf . an t e , p . 2 05.
 32 6 BE N GA L .

Middle t on s e l e ct i o n w as con fi rm e d Oct ob e r 3 1 1 7 68 —an d as t he Di spe n sat i o n forward e d

‘
’
,

by t he G ran d S e cre t ary w as lo ok e d up on as abrogat in g t h e prac t i ce o f an n u al e le ct ion s he ,

acco rdi n gly h e ld t h e Offi ce Of P ro v G M u n t il his d e at h i n . . .

The re cords o f t h e P ro vin c ial G ran d L o dge on ly re ach b ack t o 1 7 7 4 an d i t w ill t h e re fore ,

b e con ve n i e n t if b e fore l e an i n g o n t h e ir aut h orit y I giv e a p re limin ary o ut li n e o f t he p ro gre ss

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Of M as on ry i n B e n g al fro m t he e re c t i o n Of t h e fi rs t L o dg e i n 1 7 3 0 .

A s e con d L o dg e s o on aft e r sp ran g i n t o e xis t e n ce w hi ch b e comi n g t oo n um e ro us s e v e n o f , , ,

i t s m e mb e rs w e re con s t it u t e d— A p ril 1 6 1 7 4 0— by t h e P ro v G ran d L o dge i n t o a n e w an d , .

re gul ar L o dg e Of t h e form e r n ot hi n g furt h e r is k n own b u t t h e G ran d L o dge Of E n gl an d on

.
,

t he p e t it i on o f t he l at t e r ord e re d t h e s ai d L o dge t o b e e n rolle d (as re qu e s t e d) i n t h e lis t o f

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re gul ar L o dg e s agre e abl e t o t he d at e o f t h e ir C on s t i t u t io n

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.

A Lo dg e —N O 2 2 1 — w as form e d at Ch an d e rn ago re ye chi e f F re n ch S e t t l e m e n t i n

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.
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N O 1 09 ; an d at Pat n a an d Burd wan 1 7 68 — N o s 3 54 an d 3 63 e ras e d i n 1 7 9 0

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n am e d h o w e v e r w e re s t yl e d re sp e ct iv e ly t h e 8 t h 9 t h an d lot h L o dge s s o m e o t h e rs o f local

, , , , ,

c on s t i t u t i o n mus t h av e b e e n e re ct e d .

F ive L o dge s —N os 44 1 4 45 w e re w arran t e d i n 1 7 7 2 t h e 5t h 6t h 7 t h 8 t h an d 9 t h Lo dge s

.
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o f B e n gal Th e s e w e re at D acca C al c u t t a an d w i t h t he 1 st 3 d an d 2 d B rig ad e s re sp e ct iv e ly

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The 1 0t h an d 1 lt h L o dge s Of B e n g al — N os 452 an d 4 53 —w e re adde d t o t he ro ll i n 1 7 7 3 .
,

an d t h e 1 2 t h— N O 4 8 2 — i n 1 7 7 5 The form e r w e re at M o orsh e d ab ad an d C al cu t t a re spe c

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t i v e ly ; w hils t t he l at t e r w as w it h t h e 3 d B rigad e N O 4 53 w hi ch u n d e rwe n t m an y v i ci ssi . .

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t ud e s app e ars l at e r as L o dg e H umili t y wi t h F o rt it ud e ; whils t N O 48 2 is d e s crib e d i n 1 7 9 3

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.

as t h e L o dge Of S t G e org e i n t he E as t an d i n t he fo llo w i n g y e ar— h avi n g t h e n b e com e ,

N O 3 1 6—as t he L o dge o f Tru e F ri e n dship w i t h t h e 3 d B rigad e

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.

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h av e b e e n at t h at t im e o n ly t h re e L o dge s i n C al c u t t a viz ( loca l) N o s 1 S t ar i n t he E ast , .

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,

c on s t it u t e d i n 1 7 4 0 as t he t hi rd bu t whi ch b e cam e t he first Lo dge Of B e n gal o n i t s pre d e , ,

ce ss or o f 1 7 3 0 d ro ppi n g ou t i n 1 7 7 0 2 I n dus t ry an d P e rs e ve ran ce ; an d 3 H umi li t y wit h , ,

F ort it ud e B e sid e s t h e s e h o w e v e r t h e re w e re L o dg e s at Ch an d e rn agore P at n a Bu rdwan

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D ac c a an d M oorsh e d ab ad an d als o at s o m e Of t h e mili t ary s t at io n s o r w i t h t he army brigad e s

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The P rov in c ial G ran d Lo dg e u n d e r E n gl an d s e e ms t o h av e w ork e d i n p e rfe c t h arm on y w it h a

sim ilar b o dy u n d e r H o llan d 5 The G ran d L o dg e o f S o lo m on at Chin su ra ; an d t he Offi ce rs,

an d m e mb e rs o f t he t wo S o c i e t i e s e x ch an g e d visit s an d w alk e d t o g e t h e r i n p ro c e ssi o n s .

I n 1 7 7 5—F e b ruary 1 5— t he Pro v G ran d L o dg e

.

t akin g i n t o con sid e rat i on t he prop rie t y .

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di g t t h t m s f t h P t t i t h bs
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.

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P sv
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e ran ce , d C nst y ( H ghly) 1 7 7 3 an o an c ou , .
32 8 BE N GA L .

L dge s i t h B i g d s d t h s d w ld s m t i m s xp s s h L dg s
o n e r a e ,
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r o e n nn a e .

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o f Chi n s u rah an d o t h e r M as o n s o f t h at C o l on y ; t o Bro

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Ch an d e rn ag ore ; an d als o t o t he M ason s o f S e ramp ore an d t o t h e S ist e rs o f t h e s e C o l o n i e s , ,

1 ”
accordi n g t o w h at has b e e n c u s t o m ary o n su c h occasi o n s fo rm e rly .

I n 1 7 9 0— D e ce mb e r 2 7 —F e n w i ck re sig n e d ; an d o n t h e s am e d ay t h e H o n Ch arl e s .

S t u art w as e l e ct e d an d in s t alle d as his su cce ss or The l at t e r h o w e v e r— o w in g t o t h e .

,

go v e rn m e n t o f t h e co u n t ry d e v o lvi n g up on him i n con s e qu e n ce o f t he abs e n ce o f L ord

C o rn wallis fro m C alc u tt a—app o i n t e d R i ch ard C o my n s B irch A c t i n g P ro v G M of “
. . .

B e n gal .

The L o dg e s i n t he Pre sid e n cy are t hus d e s crib e d i n t h e F re e m ason s Ca le n d ar for 1 7 9 4 :

"

L of Be g l
S t ar i n t he E ast , Calcu t t a, lst . n a ,
L o dge f T F i e dship wi t h t h 3 d
o r ue r n ,
e

L o dg f I d st y d P e s v
e o C l
n u r an r e e ran c e , a B i g d e 4t h L d g f B g l
r a
,
o e o en a ,

cu t t a 2 d L d g fB g l
,
o e o en a , A t F t ty Gh u B g l u r, en a ,

L o d ge f U i m i t y C l u t ta 3 d L dg
o n an ,
a c ,
o e L dg o f t h N t h S t ’ F d ri k s
o e e or ar, re e c

of Be n gal, go na 7 t h L dg fB g l
re , o e o en a ,

Anc h or an d Ho pe ,
Ca l cu t t a, 6t h L o dge of A t Ch i t h E s t I di s 8 t h L d g
u n ar, n e a n e ,
o e

Be n ga l , fB g l o en a

L dgo e of H u m il t i y wi t h F o rt it d u e , Cal L o d g of M s C w p re 9 t h L d g f
e ar , a n o ,
o e o

cu t t a, 5t h L dg of B
o e e n ga l ,
B gal en
,

”
Th e re w as ls o i n e xis t e n ce ab o u t t his t im e t he M ari n e L o dge 9 C al c u t t a w hi ch h ow e v e r
a , , , ,

o n ly o b t ai n e d a l ocal n umb e r ; an d a S t e w ards L o dg e — e st abli sh e d Jun e 2 4 1 7 8 6— wit h ’

p riv il e g e s akin t o t h o se o f i t s pro t o t yp e un d e r t h e G ran d Lo dge o f E n glan d .

I t u n fort u n at e ly h app e n e d t h at t h e o ffi ce rs o f t he Pro v G ran d Lo dge h ad al ways b e e n , .

s e l e ct e d fro m t h e firs t t w o L odg e s on t h e ab o v e lis t an d t his c irc ums t an c e le d t o n o sli gh t ,

dissat isfac t i on on t h e p art o f t h e o t h e r L o dg e s w ho fe e li n g t h e ms e lv e s aggri e v e d w e re n o t , , ,

sl o w t o re s e n t t he t re at m e n t Thi s i t w as w hi ch m ai n ly co n d u ce d t o t h e alm o s t g e n e ral .

hi s h Ch d g
1 C n u ra d S mp, w D t h F
an h d D ish s t t l m t s sp t iv ly
e rn a ore , an e ra ore e re u c , re n c ,
an an e e en re ec e .

C st i t t d 1 77 1
3
on viv d— t hu e sist i g f h d i ft sm i C l t t — 1 7 8 7
re e e n con n o an cra en n a cu a .

A 3 di g t t h G d L dg R ds t h L dg w pl d t t his
c co r n o e rant N i 1 79 3 o e e co r , e o e as ace a vaca n o. n .

C st i t t d 1 7 7 4 b t b
on m d mu e t C st i t t d w by A t i g P G M Willi m s
, u e ca N 14 d give or an . on u e an e c n . . . a on as o .
,
an en

th l e l N 1 1 i 1 78 7
o ca o . n .

1 7 73
5 st i t t d by M iddl t ; 1 7 8 7 m p s d f
, c on u e m m issi d ffi s d p iv t s b l ngi g t t h 3 d
e on , co o e o n on -c o one o ce r an r a e e o n o e

B ig d
r a d ll d N 1 0 ; 1 7 8 8 t h 3 d B ig d m vi g t B h m p
e , an ca e o . w w t —N 1 2 —g t d t s v
,
e r a e o n o er a ore , a ne arran o. ran e o e en

m mb s m i i g i C l t t
e er re Wh t h N
a n n 10 12 s
n iv d i t h L dg b v is
a cu a t i ; b t th l t t
. e er o s. or u rv e n e o e a o e un ce r a n u e a er

s pp sit i is t h m p b bl
u o on e o re ro a e .

C s t i t t d by Willi m s
6
on d m t i 1 78 8
u e s d 1 79 4 a on or an n e ra e .

Th D ish F t y i B g l
7 e an C s t it t d — L dg N 1 3 f B g l—by t h P v G M M h 8 1 7 8 9
ac o r n en a . on u e as o e o . o en a e ro . . .
, arc , .

L dg f S i
.
9
o F i dship D m t 1 7 9 6 1 8 1 2 E s d f m t h E gli h ll 1 8 1 3 t h gh
e o n ce re ren di g t t h
. or an -
. ra e ro e n s ro , ou , accor n o e

ds f t h P v G d L dg d i g w ll d t h i m m b s d ily i
re c or o e ro . ran si g N 2 3 1 8 1 4
o e, o n e , an e r e er a n cre a n , o v. , .

O igi lly f m d by p s s m pl y d i t h m i
9 r na or s vi f t h G v m t
e e r on e o e n e ar n e er ce o e o e rn en .
 BE N GA L .
32 9

d e fe ct ion ab o u t t he c l o s e o f t he ce n t ury fro m t h e Pro v G ran d L o dge o f B e n gal an d cous e

, , .
,

q u e n t ly fro m t he o ld e r o r l e git im at e G ran d L odge of E n gl an d A L o dge — N o 1 4 6— u n d e r t he . .

A t h o ll (or A n ci e n t) G ran d L o dg e w as e s t ablish e d at C alcu t t a i n 1 7 67 b u t i t t o o k n o roo t an d

, , ,

i t d oe s n o t app e ar t h at an y fu rt h e r L o dg e s w e re e re ct e d by t he s am e aut h o rit y u n t il t he se ce s

sio n I am n o w ab o u t t o d e s cribe Th e L o dg e s Tru e F ri e n dship an d H umili t y w i t h
.
“

F o rt it ud e w e re t h e fi rs t w ho t ran s fe rre d t h e ir all e gi an c e t h e fo rm e r b e comi n g N o or , .

N o 1 o f B e n gal — D e c 2 7 1 7 9 7 an d t h e l at t e r N o
. or N o 2 o f B e n gal — A p ril 1 1 1 7 9 8
, , , . .
, .

Th e M ari n e L o dg e fo llo w e d t h e i e x mpl

“
r a e an d o b i ed
t a n a simil a w a ra t N o 3 3
r r n — 2 3
, .

M arch 4 1 8 0 1 M e an w hil e L o dge S t ar i n t h e E as t fe ll i n t o ab e yan c e an d I n dus t ry an d

, , ,

Pe rs e v e ran ce w as on t he p o i n t o f c lo sin g als o On e m e e t in g on ly w as h e ld i n e ach o f t h e .

y e ars 1 8 02 1 8 03 an d 1 8 04 aft e r whi ch fo r a l on g p e ri o d t h e re w e re n o m ore

, , ,
L odge , , .

A n ch o r an d H o p e o b t ai n e d an A t h o ll w arran t as N o 3 2 5 4 — Oct 1 1 8 01 Li t t le is k n o wn . .
, .

o f L o dg e Un an imi t y w hi ch t h o ugh carri e d forward at t he Un i on

“
, ,
must h av e di e d
ou t at l e as t s e v e ral y e ars b e fore .

D u rin g t he t e n o r e l e v e n y e ars t h at i n t e rv e n e d b e t we e n t h e o bli t e rat ion o f t h e Pro v G ran d .

L o dg e an d i t s re e st ablishm e n t i n 1 8 1 3 Mas on ry i n C al cu t t a w as re pre s e n t e d almo st e x cl u

-
,

si ve ly by t h e L o dg e s w hi ch h ad s e ce d e d fro m t h e (o ld e r) G ran d L o d g e o f E n gl an d
“

On S t J o h n s D ay (i n Ch ris t m as) 1 8 09 t h e Lo dge s Tru e F ri e n dship H umili t y wit h F ort i

’

, , ,

t ud e M arin e N o 3 3 8 (A n ci e n t s) i n t he 1 4t h F o ot an d t h e D isp e n s at i o n L o dg e w orkin g

“
, , .
, ,
’
u n d e r a w arran t g ran t e d by N o 3 3 8 w alk e d i n p ro c e ssi on t o S t J o h n s Chu rch . w h e re a
, ,

M as on i c s e rm o n w as d e li v e re d by t h e R e v D r J am e s Ward . .

H appily L o dg e s S t ar i n t he E as t an d I n d u st ry an d P e rs e v e ran ce w e re re viv e d i n 1 8 1 2

, , , ,
”
an d on D e ce mb e r 2 2 o f t h at y e ar acc o mp an i e d by t he Offi c e rs L o dg e 5 N o 3 4 7 i n t h e “ ’

, , .

1 4 t h F o o t an d H umilit y w i t h F o rt it u d e als o w alk e d i n p ro ce ssi on t o t h e s am e church an d

, , ,

b e n e fi t e d by a lik e s e rm on fro m D r Ward .

On Oct ob e r 4 1 8 1 3 t he E arl o f M o ira— who had b e e n app o in t e d A ct i n g G ran d M as t e r o f

, ,

I n di a— arriv e d i n C al cu t t a Th e fi rs t M as oni c act o f t h e G o v e rn or G e n e ral w as t o con s t i t u t e

.
-

a n e w Lo dg e i n t h at c it y — t h e M o ira F re e d o m an d F id e l i t y— N ov e mb e r 8 an d his s e co n d t o
, , ,

re e s t ablish t h e P ro v G ran d L o dge o f B e n g al u n d e r t h e H o n A rchib ald S e t on

- . . .

A s s oo n as t he u n i on o f t h e t w o G ran d L o dg e s o f E n gl an d b e cam e k now n i n I n di a t h e ,

A t h o ll L o dg e s at C alcu t t a t e n d e re d t h e ir alle gi an c e t o t he P ro v Gran d Lo dg e Th e s e . .

we re Tru e F ri e n dship H u milit y wi t h F o rt i t ud e an d M ari n e

, ,
The A n ch o r an d H o p e — whic h , .

als o s e ce d e d fro m t h e l e gi t im at e G ran d L o dge o f E n gl an d — is n o t m e n t i o n e d i n t h e re c ords o f

t h e P rovi n ce 1 8 1 4 4 0 -
.

A t t h e p e ri o d o f t his fusio n t h e re w e re t h e foll o w in g L o dge s u n d e r t h e o ld e r s an ct i on :

,

Th e S t e w ards 6 S t ar i n t h e E as t I n dus t ry an d P e rs e v e ran ce an d S i n ce re F ri e n dship

, , ,

( Chu n ar) Of t h e s e L o dg e s t h e fi rs t n e v e r h e ld a L on d on w arran t an d t he las t w as st ru c k

.
, ,

o ff t h e ro ll in adv e rt e n t ly at t h e Un i on Th e re w e re als o t h e n i n e xis t e n ce t he M o i ra L o dge “

.
,

an d t h re e o t h e rs c on s t i t u t e d si n ce t h e re viv al o f t h e Pro v G ran d Lo dge t h e n am e s of which .

,

h e ad t he follo win g t abl e of L o dge s e re ct e d durin g t h e p e ri o d 1 8 1 3 2 6 -

1
N ow N o 2 1 8 . .
2 N ow N o 2 2 9 . .
3
N ow N o . 23 2 .
4
N ow N o 2 3 4 . .

5
Possibly t h e D isp s t i
en a on L dgo e bf e ore a ll d d tu e o. 6
A b lish d D
o e e ce m b er 27 18 19 .
3 30 BE N GA L .

l Mo. i ra, 1 Ca l cu t t a, No v mb
e er 1 3, 1 8 13 . 10 . Am t i y St J h ,
o n s,
’
P o on a (D e c can ) , J an 3 0 , 1 8 2 4 . .

2 . Ori e n t al S t ar,2 N oaco lle e , A p ril 2 1 , 1 8 1 4 . 11 . K ilw i i gi nn n n t he We s t ,

N u sse e rabad , Oct o be r
3 . A u rora,3 Ca l cu t t a, J u ne 2 3, 1 8 14 .

4 . C o u rage w t ih H u m ani t y ,
4
Dum Du m , J ly u 12 , 12 . L arki s L d g o f U i n
’
d B t h e ly L v e
o e n on an ro r o ,

18 14 . Di p Oct b
na 2 0 18 2 4
o re , o er , .

N ort h e rn k p J ly 1 8 1 8 1 6
S t ar, Barrac ore , u , . 13 . I d p dn e w it hen Ph i l t h opy A ll h b d
e n ce an r ,
a a a ,

Si it y C w p J
n ce r
,
y 8 18 19
a n ore , an u ar , . O t b 2 6 182 5
c o er , .

H t i g L dg
as n f A m it y
s d I d p d
o e o an n e en e n ce , A lal 14 . S t h E st
ou St -f Li g h t an d V i ct o y A raca
a e rn ar o 6 r , r n,

h b d A p il 9 1 8 2 1
a a ,
r , . O t b 2 6 18 2 5
c o er , .

8 . U i te d L d g f F i d ship C w p
n o e J o r en ,
a n ore , une 13, 15 . T s M l c
u can , Oct b e 2 6 1 8 2 5 a a ca, o r , .

18 2 1 . 16 . R y lG o g B m b ay De ce m b
a e or e 9 18 2 5 ,
o ,
er , .

9 . H u m an t i y wi t h Cou rage , Pi r n ce of Wal e s I sl an d ’

,
17 . U i d P se ve a e A g
n on an O t b 2 3 18 2 6
er r nc
,
ra, c o er , .

J lyu 18 2 2 . 18 . K i lwi n i g in t h e E ast C al cu t t a D e c 2 3 1 8 2 6

n n , ,
.
,
.

Ou t of L o dge s h o we v e r on ly se ve n — N o s 2 3 4 6 7 1 3 an d 1 8 ab ov e
t he se e ight e e n , , .
, , , , , ,

s e cure d a foo t i n g o n t he ro ll o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n glan d 6 an d i t is n ot a li t t l e c uri o us t h at ,

o f t h e t w o n o w al o n e su rvivi n g C ou rag e w i t h H um an it y an d I n d e p e n d e n ce w i t h Philan

,

t h ro py w hi c h w e re pl ace d o n t h e g e n e ral lis t i n t h e s am e y e ar ( 1 8 2 8 ) i n j ux t ap o sit io n ,

t h e l at t e r b e ars t h e e arli e r n u m be r an d has t he high e r p re c e d e n ce ! ,

The sw ay o f E arl M o ira e xt e n d e d o v e r t h e w h ol e o f I n d ia an d he w as e mp o w e re d by t h e ,

D uk e o f S uss e x t o app o i n t Pro vi n ci al G ran d M as t e rs for D is t ri ct s wi t h ran k an d aut h ori t y ,

e qu al t o t h o s e ap p o i n t e d by t h e G ran d M as t e r hims e lf .

The A c t i n g P ro v G M — S e t on — l e ft I n di a i n 1 8 1 7 an d t h e G o v e rn or G e n e ral —t h e n
. . .
,
-

M arqu is o f H as t i n gs— i n t im at e d t o t h e P ro v Gran d L o dge t h at h e h ad s e l e ct e d t h e H on . .

C S t uart t o su cce e d him The lat t e r d oe s n ot app e ar h o w e v e r t o h av e e n t e re d up on t he

. .
, ,

dut i e s o f his o ffi ce ; an d i n t he fo ll ow i n g y e ar— J an u ary 1 7— t h e H on C R Li n dsay w as . . .

su cce ssiv e ly app o i n t e d by w arran t s of L ord H as t i n gs Prov G M o f B e n g al J an u ary 1 7 1 8 1 8

, ,
. . .
, , ,

an d D e pu t y G M o f I n di a J an u ary 1 3 1 8 1 9 . .
, , .

On N o v e mb e r 3 0 1 8 1 8 an appli cat i on w as m ad e t o t h e G ran d Mas t e r of I n dia by e igh t

, , ,

bre t h re n re sidin g at P o on a i n t h e D e ccan p rayin g for au t h ori t y t o m e e t as L o dg e S t , ,

“

A n d re w at t h at s t at i on an d als o for a disp e n s at io n for h o ldi n g a P ro vi n cial L o d g e for t he

, ,

purp o se of m aki n g t he H on M o un t st u art E lphi n s t on e a M as on h e h avi n g e xp re ss e d a wish .

,

t o t hat e ff e ct The p e t it i o n e rs furt h e r re qu e s t e d t h at his n am e migh t b e i n s e rt e d i n t he

“
.

b o dy o f t h e w arran t au t h orisi n g t h e m t o i n s t all him aft e r b e in g duly p ass e d an d rais e d

, , ,

a D e pu t y G M o f t h e D e ccan . Of t h e re ply m ad e t o t his appli c at ion n o re cord has b e e n

. .
,

p re se rv e d .

his L dg — t h ly i I di w
1
Of t o e t d by E l M i —t h fi s t M s t
e on
'
w
on e M j G l Si W G
n n a arran e ar o ra e r a er as a o r- e n e ra r . .

K i d t h fi s t W d s C l C J D yl
e r, an e r d C mm dar e n H y s It mb d t hi t y ight m m b s wit hi
o . . . o e an o o o re a e . nu e re r -e e er n a

m t h f it
on st it t i b t h d s d t w k i 1 8 2 1
o s con u on , u a ce a e o or n .

S t £ 1 00 t t h E glish h i t i s 1 8 1 6 W
9 en o t s
e d d 1821
n c ar e , arran u rre n e re .

Am lg m t d wi t h L dg T
3 a a F i dship 1 8 3 0
a e o e ru e ren , .

C mp s d f m y y
4
o s f
o e m m issi
or d ffi s f t h B g l A t ill y I t t h w ff sh t i P g
an e ar o n on -c o on e o ce r o e en a r er . ro o a oo n e n an

H m i t y wi t h C
u an g —i 1 8 2 2 whi h t k t h plo u ra e f t h N pt L dg (A th ll) N 3 44 s t blish d i 1 8 09
n , c oo e ace o e e un e o e o , o. ,
e a e n .

Owi g t t h disp si
5
n f t h p t it i
o e s v t lly st blish d
er on o e e on e r , ne e r ac u a e a e .

N 8 68 5 O ion. t l St 1 8 17 8 1 6 A
, ren a1827 82 2 I d p d wit h Phil t h py
ar, d 823 C u g , u rora, , n e en e n ce an ro an , o ra e

wi t h H m i t y 1 8 2 8 ; 8 2 4 S i
u an i t y ; 8 2 5 H st i gs ; d 8 45 Kil wi i g i t h E st 1 8 2 9
, , n ce r ,
a n an , nn n n e a , .
 BE N GA L .
33I

Li n ds ay w as su cce e d e d as D e pu t y G M o f I n dia an d P ro v G M o f B e n g al by J oh n P as cal . .

,
-
. . .
,

L arki n s D e c e mb e r 2 4 1 8 1 9 I n 1 8 2 2 — D e ce mb e r 2 0 —an add re ss w as p re s e n t e d t o L ord

, , .

H as t i n gs o n his app ro achi n g d e p art u re ; an d a w e e k l at e r o n t h e F e s t iv al o f S t J oh n t h at

‘

, ,

n o bl e m an w as p re s e n t at t h e C at h e d ral C h u rc h —w h it h e r t h e L o dge s h ad w alk e d i n p roce ssio n

—i n his c ap acit y o f G ran d M ast e r .

L arki n s re t u rn e d t o E u ro p e i n 1 8 2 6 fro m w hi ch d at e u n t i l 1 8 4 0 t h e Craft i n B e n gal w as ,

(n omi n ally) ru l e d by a P ro v G M i n E n glan d w i t h a D e p u t y at C alc u t t a This re su l t e d i n . . .

, .

t he e x t in ct i o n of t h e Pro v Gran d L o dg e an d t h e an n ihilat ion o f al l o rd e r an d con st it ut e d

.
,

au t h ori t y for a t im e I n 1 8 2 7 — N o v e mb e r 2 2 — L o dg e I n d e p e n de n c e w i t h Philan t hro py at

.
,

A ll ah ab ad so re s e n t e d t h e c on du ct o f t h e P G L as t o re t urn i t s w arran t in t im at i n g t h at i t s
, . . .
,

fu t u re m e e t in gs w o uld b e h e ld u n de r a disp e n s at ion o b t ai n e d fro m L o dg e Un i o n N o 4 3 2 ,

.

( I rish R e gis t e r) i n t h e 1 4 t h F o o t 1
u n t il a w arran t c o uld b e o bt ai n e d fro m E n glan d for w hi c h
, , ,

appli cat i o n had b e e n m ad e dire c t 2 .

The Lo dg e s i n B e n gal m ad e t h e ir re t u rn s re gul arly an d fo rwarde d t h e i r du e s pu n ct u ally , ,

t o t h e P ro v G ran d L o dge ; b u t as n o s t e ps w e re t ak e n for t he t ran smissi on o f t h e s e re t urn s

.

an d du e s t o t h e i r d e s t i n at i o n t h e Gran d L o dg e o f E n glan d c e as e d t o n o t i ce or re gard t h e ,

t rib u t ary Lo dge s o f B e n g al On t h e submissio n o f a m ot io n for i n qui ry— Marc h 2 2 1 8 2 8

.
,

t h e D e pu t y P ro v G M fe lt hims e l f c o n s t rain e d t o re sig n his ch air on t h e sp o t an d t h e G ran d

. . .
“
,

Ward e n s als o t e n de re d t h e ir re sign at ion s .

This le d at t he i n st an ce o f L o d ge A urora—t o t he form at i on o f a re p re s e n t at iv e b o dy s t yl e d

, ,

t he L ODGE or D E LE GA TE S w h o w e re ch arg e d w i t h t he du t y o f p re p ari n g a m e m ori al t o t h e,

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w it hh e ld n o t w it hst an din g t h at t he e st ablish e d du e s w e re re gu l arly re mit t e d ; an d appli cat i o n s

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fo r w arran t s w e re als o u n n o t i c e d t h o ugh t h e y w e re acco mp an ie d by t h e p rop e r fe e s This ,

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st at e o f affairs c on t i n u e d u n t il 1 8 34 w h e n t he qu e st i on o f s e p arat i on fro m t he Gran d Lo dge o f ,

E n gl an d w as grave ly an d form ally m oot e d i n t he L o dg e s Ove rt u re s for a re con cili at i o n at

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l e n g t h cam e i n t he sh ap e o f ce rt ificat e s for bre t h re n w ho h ad by t his t im e gro wn gre y i n

M as on ry A n swe rs t o l e t t e rs w rit t e n l on g ago w e re also re ce iv e d ; b u t t h e m o s t imp ort an t
.

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p xviii
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VOL . III .
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ssi on m ad e by t h e G ran d Lo dge o f E n gl an d w as t he con st i t u t i on of t h e fi rs t D is t rict

c o n ce

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i n B e n gal ; an d fro m 1 8 40 d o w n t o t he p re s e n t y e ar t h e re h as b e e n an ad d it io n o f 8 1 u n d e r
t h e E n glish an d 1 1 u n d e r t h e S c ot t ish re gis t e rs re sp e ct iv e ly .

A l t h ough t he M as o n ic j urisdi c t io n o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f I re lan d h as al ways b e e n a

fav o uri t e o n e w i t h t he ran k an d fi le o f t h e B ri t ish army an d t he n umb e r o f milit ary Lo dg e s ,

u n d e r i t has e ve r b e e n v ast ly i n e x ce ss o f t h o se o w n i n g alle gian ce t o an y o t h e r aut h ori t y o nly ,

a si n gl e I rish w arran t for a s t at i o n ary L o dg e i n I n di a app e ars t o h av e b e e n issu e d This w as .

gran t e d i n 1 8 3 7 t o so m e bre t h re n at K u rn au l b u t i t s act ivi t y s e e ms n ot t o h av e o u t l ast e d t h e ,

y e ar o f i t s c on s t i t u t io n A n at t e mp t w as m ad e i n 1 8 62 t o e st ablish an I rish L o dge i n B omb ay

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t io n i n t h e p ro vin ce t h e re b e i n g al re ady t w o viz E n glish an d S co t ch

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I re l an d d e cli n e d t o gran t t he w arran t 2 .

I n t h e d e ce n n i al p e ri o ds 1 8 4 0 50 an d 1 8 50 60 t h e re w e re i n e ac h i n s t an c e 1 2 addi t i o n s t o - -

t he ro ll I n 1 8 60 7 0 t he n e w Lo dg e s am o u n t e d t o 1 9 an d i n 1 8 7 0 8 5 t o 3 8
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are c on fi n e d t o t h e E n glish L o dg e s b u t e x t e n d o v e r t h e are a n o w o c c upi e d i n p art by t h e ,

D is t ric t G ran d Lo dg e s o f Burm a an d t h e P u n jau b b o t h o f whi c h w e re c arv e d o u t o f t h e ,

t e rrit ory p re vi o usly co mpris e d w it hi n t h e P ro v i n ce o f B e n gal i n 1 8 68 Th e fo llo w i n g s t at is t ic s , .

sh ow t h e n u mb e r o f Lo dg e s e x i st i n g— J an u ary 1 1 8 8 6— i h t h e v ari o us s t at e s an d dis t ri c t s ,

whi ch u n t il 1 8 68 we re subj e ct t o t he Mas on i c go v e rn m e n t of B e n gal : u n d e r t he G ran d L o dge

o f E n gl an d — B e n g al 3 9 ; B ri t ish Burm a 7 ; an d Pun j ab 24 .

Un d e r t he G ran d Lo dg e o f S cot l an d 1 1 — t he e arlie s t o f w hi ch S t D avid (origin ally Kil , ,

w i n n i n g) i n t h e E as t N 0 3 7 1 C al c ut t a w as co n s t it u t e d F e b ruary 5 1 8 49
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als o t o ce rt ai n o t h e r L o dg e s e s t abli sh e d by t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f H o ll an d i n v ari o us pl ac e s

b e yo n d t h e s e as t he m at e ri als for an e xh aus t iv e lis t are n ot av ail able t o t he hi st orian

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. .

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S t G e o rge I t is w ort hy o f re co ll e ct ion t h at for a sh ort p e ri o d t h is Pre sid e n cy w as pre

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d omin an t o v e r allt he ot h e r E n glish s e t t l e m e n t s in I n di a ; an d duri n g t he lat t e r h alf o f t h e

e igh t e e n t h ce n t u ry t h e c on t in u o us w ars w i t h t h e F re n c h an d aft e rw ards wi t h H yde r Al i an d ,

his son caus e t h e C arn at i c t o figu re large ly i n I n di an hi st ory

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3 33

I n 1 7 68 , L o dge — N o 1 52 —w as e st ablish e d by t h e A t h oll ( or A n ci e n t) G ran d L odge o f

a .

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m r
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m o s t h on o u rable h e p o ss e ss e d .

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in 1 78 1 b u t t he diss e n si o n s i n t h e s e t t l e m e n t s h ad so re n t asu n d e r e v e ry li n k o f s oc i al
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life t h at e v e n t h e frat e rn al b on d o f M as on ry had b e e n an n ihilat e d i n t he g e n e ral w re ck 2

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l an d) P ro v G M for t h e C oast of C oro m an d e l t h e P re sid e n cy of M adras an d p art s adj ace n t

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b e e n e x t i n ct ; bu t i n 1 7 8 6 t he C arn at ic Milit ary Lo dge N o 48 8 w as e st ablish e d at A rcot ; , .
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an d in t h e fo llo w i n g y e ar t he Lo dg e N o 1 52 t e n d e re d i t s all e i an ce t o G e n e ral H o rn e an d

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give n t he place s on t h e lis t o f t h e t wo e arli e st Mad ras Lodg e s an d b e cam e (in 1 7 9 0) N os 1 02 , .

an d 2 3 3 re sp e c t iv e ly
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c h e rry i n 1 7 8 6 by t he G ran d Orie n t o f F ran ce an d a s e con d— Le s N avigat e u rs R é u n is — i n ,

1790 .

lat t e r ye ar— J u ly 5— J o h n Chami e r re ce iv e d a simil ar pat e n t —as Pro v G M — t o

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t h at p re vio usly h e ld by G e n e ral H orn e an d w as su cce e d e d by Te re n ce G ah agan 1 8 06 an d , ,

H e rb e rt C o mp t o n 5 1 8 1 2 D urin g t his p e ri o d fo ur Lo dge s w e re add e d t o t he ro ll — S o lid

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lgt h F oo t 1 8 02 an d Phil an t h ro pis t s i n t h e S co t ch B rig ad e [ 9 4 t h F

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C o as t o f C o ro m an d e l) o n t h e l
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i n 1 8 40 .

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b u t 1 3 o n ly— o f w hi c h 7 w e re i n M ad ras i t s e l f— s e cu re d pl ace s o n t h e L o n d on re gis t e r .

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p re s e n t i n e xist e n ce 2 0 L o dge s on t h e re gis t e r o f E n gl an d an d t w o o n t h at o f S co t lan d— b o t h

e re c t e d i n 1 8 7 5— bu t t h e i n t ro du c t i o n o f S co tt ish L o dg e s i n t o I n di a w il l b e re fe rre d t o i n t h e
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, , .
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Ori on i n t h e W e s t — w as fo rm e d i n t he B o mb ay A rt ill e ry an d i n s t all e d at P oo n a as N o 1 5

“
,
.
,

C o ast o f C oro m an d e l N ov e mb e r 1 5 A ccordi n g t o t h e e arly proce e di n gs o f t his Lo dge

, . ,

m e mb e rs w e re e x ami n e d i n t h e Thi rd D e gre e an d p ass e d i n t o t he ch air o f t he F o urt h D e gre e ,

— for w hic h a fe e o f t h re e g o ld m ohu rs w as e x ac t e d I n t h e fo ll o w i n g y e ar a s e co n d Lo dge .

,

at P oo an w a s e s t ablish e d by t h e P ro v G ran d L o d g e o f B e n g al 3
w hi c h h o w e v e r h as l e ft n o .
, , ,

t race o f i t s e xis t e n ce I n 1 8 2 5 t h e c i v ilian e l e m e n t o f Ori on s e c e d e d an d form e d t h e Lo dge

.
, ,

o f H o p e als o at P oo n a N o 8 02
,
H e re Ori o n u n re cogn is e d at h o m e aid e d i n t he s e ce ssi o n o f
, . .
, , ,

p 330
1
A n te , . .

Am g t h M s s b t t his t i m i B m b y w t hi t
2
on e a on mm issi d ffi s wh w t p t
a ou e n o a e re r een n on -c o on e o ce r o e re oo oor o

est blish L dg f t h i w
a a d t m d st t s k dm i t t
o e o i wh t w e r o sid d ist t i L dg Th y
n , an oo o e o ee a an ce n a as co n e re an ar o cra c o e. e

m t h w v
e , m t hly i
o th g
e d m v t h A p ll G t f m t l i st t i i M s y This m i g t
e r, on n e u ar -roo o er e o o a e , or u ua n ru c on n a on r . co n o

th k wl dg
e f th B
no v l t L dg t h t h i t w
e e o l t d h
e y m m b s f N 7 46 f w hi h t h y
ene o en o e, e r een e re e ec e on orar e er o o. , or c e

t d h t f lt t h ks A t t h i fi st t t d
re u rn e e ar e wh t h L dg w k w
an v . d t h b th dj dt e r r a en an ce , en e o e or as o e r, an e re re n a ou rn e o

th b q
e t t h t hi t
an w ue i f m d t h t f sh m t s w it d t h m d w t i
, e r een R v l t i g t t h dis t i t i
e re n orth s e a re re en a a e e o n s a rs. e o n a e nc on u

m d a e m g M s s th y
a on d ll l ft t h pl a on Th xt m i g t h y w s t f by t h i m m di g
,
e o n e an a e e ace . e ne o rn n e e re en or e r co an n

offi wh wce r, ls f th ofi
f s f t h L dg d sk d t xpl i t h i
as a o on e o d t O f t h p t y— M W
e o ce r o e o e , an a e o e a n e r co n uc . ne o e ar r .

Willis (by w h m t his d t w fi st l t d t m ) t ld hi m t h t M s s t h y w b d t m t t h L v l

o an e c o e as r re a e o e , o a as a on e e re ou n o ee on e e e

an d p t th S q ar ; b ton t his f d m t l p i ipl w

e u are t p t is d i N 7 46 u f whi h t h y h d b
as un a en a r nc e as no rac e n o. , o c e a een

el t dh
ec e y m m b s t h y ld t p t k f t h i h spi t li t y Th st ish d l l t t d t w d b t
o n orar e er ,
e co u no ar a e o e r o a . e a on e co o n e u e re no a or ,
u

w v d his h
a e d f th m t ti Ev
an ft t his t h Bor v l t L dg —i l di g t h t hi t —m t t h L v l
e o re re . er a er ,
e e ne o en o e nc u n e r een e on e e e ,

b t h i L dg d t t h b q t t bl
o n o e an a e an ue
-
a e.

A t p 330
3
n e , . .
 3 36 BOM BA Y .

in al
l — o r u n d e r B o mb ay 1 9
; M ad ras 2 ; an d i n A fgh a n is t an 1 — ,
had re ce ive d B e n g al ,
11 ; , ,

Ch art e rs fro m t h e G ran d L o dge o f S cot l an d Wi t h a si n gl e e x ce p t ion — w hi ch re du ce s t he .

B o mbay L o dge s t o 1 8 — t h e s e are all i n e xis t e n ce .

B u rn e s le ft I n di a i n 1 8 49 an d w as s u cce e d e d by a P ro v G M o f We st e rn I n dia on ly I n ,
. . . .

1 8 7 4 h o w e ve r C a
,
p t ai n H e n ry M o rlan d b e cam e P ro v G M o f H in d o s t an an d was su bse
,
. . .
,

que n t ly c o mmission e d as G ran d M as t e r o f A ll S cot t ish F re e m as on ry i n I n di a .

R e t urn i n g t o t h e Lo dg e s u n d e r t h e G ran d L o dge o f E n gl an d S t G e o rg e — N o 8 07 con . .

-

st it ut e d i n 1 8 4 8 w as for t e n y e ars t h e on ly re p re s e n t at iv e o f i t s cl ass I n 1 8 58 h ow e v e r

,
.
, ,

L o d g e s C on cord — N o 1 059 — an d Un i on — N o 1 069 — w e re e s t ablish e d at B o mb ay an d

“
. .

K u rrach e e re sp e c t iv e ly A y e ar l at e r Orion i n t h e We st aw ok e fro mi t s d orman cy 1 I n

.
,
“
.

1 8 61 a Provin c i al G ran d L o dg e w as e s t abli sh e d an d si n c e t h at d at e 1 8 L o dg e s h av e b e e n

, ,

c h art e re d i n t h e dis t ri c t 1 5 o f w hi c h surviv e an d t og e t h e r w it h Ori on

,
S t G e o rg e C on cord , , , , ,

an d Un i on form a gran d t o t al o f 1 9 L o dg e s u n d e r t h e D is t ri c t G M o f B o mb ay
, . . .

Un t il o f l at e y e ars i t can n ot be s aid t h at F re e m as o n ry has t ak e n an y re al roo t amo n g

,

t h e n at iv e p o pul at ion o f I n di a Um d at u l Um ara son o f t h e N ab o b o f A rco t w as .

- -
, ,

admi t t e d a m e mb e r o f t he S o c i e t y as w e h av e al re ady s e e n i n 1 7 7 6 Th e p ri n ce s K e yralla , , .

Kh an (of t h e Mys ore family) an d S h ad ad Kh an (e x A m e e r of S ci n d e ) j o i n e d or w e re m ad e -

,

M as on s i n t h e L o dg e o f Tru e F ri e n dship i n 1 8 42 an d 1 8 50 re sp e c t iv e ly ; an d i n 1 8 61 t h e
,

”
M ah araj ahs D u le e p an d R u n d e e r S in g w e re i n i t iat e d i n Lo dg e s S t ar o f t h e E ast an d H op e
an d P e rs e v e ran ce — t h e las t n am e d p e rs on ag e at L ah ore an d t he o t h e r t h re e i n C alc ut t a
-
, .

A by law o f t h e Pro v G ran d Lo dg e o f B e n gal forbiddi n g t h e e n t ry o f A si at i c s w i t h o ut t he

-
.
,

p e rmissi on o f t h e w as i n force u n t il M ay 1 2 1 8 7 1 ; an d t h e re w as at l e as t a p o p u l ar ,

b e li e f i n e xist e n ce so l at e as t h at H i n dus we re i n e ligibl e fo r i n it i at io n Th e P ars e e s o f .

W e st e rn I n di a w e re t he fi rst o f t he n at ive rac e s wh o e vin ce d an y re al in t e re s t i n t he i n st i t u

t i on an d are t o b e co n grat ul at e d o n t h e re ce n t e le ct i o n ( 1 8 8 6) o f o n e o f t h e ir n umb e r— M r
,

C am a—t o t he high p o si t io n o f Tre as u re r o f t h e G ran d Lo dge o f E n glan d .

I n 1 8 7 6 a S c o t t ish L o dge N o 58 7
,
I sl am —p re su m ably for t h e ass o ci at i on o f Moh am
, .
,

m e d an s— w as e re ct e d at B omb ay Th e e x t e n t t o w hi ch F re e m as on ry is n o w p ract is e d by t h e .

H in dus — w h o fo rm 7 3 5 pe r c e n t o f t h e t ot al p o p u l at i on o f I n di a— I am u n abl e t o d e t e rmin e

»
. .

The fi rs t o f t his cl ass o f re ligi on is t s t o fill t h e ch ai r o f a Lo dg e w as M r D ut t w h o s e e l e ct i o n ,

1 8 7 4 m ay n ot h av e b e e n w i t h o u t i n fl u e n ce i n t h e di ffu sio n o f M as o n ic ligh t .

’
Th e I n d i an F re e m asons F ri e n d a publi cat ion o f rare m e ri t w as se t o n fo ot at C al c ut t a i n , ,

1 8 55 b u t w as sh ort liv e d
,
A n e w o r s e c on d s e ri e s w as c o mm e n ce d i n M ay 1 8 61 an d l as t e d
-
.
,

1
I t was at m y h t t his L dg w viv d d I h d t h pl s —b i g t he W M f N 1 045
i stn an ce t a o e as re e , an a e e a u re e n n . . o o. ,

a tt h d
ac e F t — f i s t lli g t h M st —C l l F st R A
t o t h e S lst oo old P M f t h L dg — t h
n a nsi e a er o one or e r, . .
, an o . . o e o e on e o cca on .

A 2
ssist t m ili t y p t h y w i it i t d i t h M idi L dg 3 1 t F t i t h t y
n a an ar a o Th l g li t y f
e car as n a e n e er an o e, s oo , n a e ar . e e a o

t his t— t h s
ac f th i t
on t b i g
e B h m i —w d m
core o d t i t h M s i p ss d t h 3 l t R gi m t
e n ran e n a ra n as e u rre o n e a on c re an e s e en

b i g wit h t h E xp di t i y F i Chi M G W I g m P M N 3 45 t k p t h d g ls
e n e e o n ar o rc e b h lf f
n n a, r . . n ra , . .
, o .
, oo u e cu e on e a o

t h L dg
e p i ti g t i
o e, l b t g m t t h t t h v y g d w k f t h B hm i f i t h is t h b li f i
o n n ou ,
n an e a ora e ar u en , a e er rou n -
or o e ra n a e e e n

on e G d S p i t di g B i g Th j
ran u er n enl i whi h t h s l t t s pp d lt i m t ly h d t h L dg —t h t
n e n . e ou rn a n c e e e er a e are u a e re ac e e o e en a

Ti enT si —wh
-
I dd ss d t i t fi l l t t d p si g t h t h vi g fill d t h h i
n en a re e th
o si ll d d t t h
a na e e r, e o n a ,
a n e e c a r on e occa on a u e o, e

i di id l wh s dm issi h d b
n v ua o e ll d i q st i w
a by his w st t m t d liv d t m i p s
on a e en ca e n ue on as ,
“
o n a e en , e e re o e n e r on , a

C h is t i Cf F m s s M g zi A p il 2 1 S p t m b d O t b
’
r an . . re e 8 a on 1 3 1 8 60 ; d M y 1 8 1 8 61 ;
a a d fne, r ,
e e er , an c o er , an a , an or

s m st t li g ss t i s sp t i g F m
o e ar n a y f mi g p t i
er on f t h B h m i i l k wl dg
re ec n H iggi s re e as on r or n a or on o e ra n ca no e e, se e n ,

A n acalypsis 1 8 3 6 l i pp 7 67 69 ; d H M lvill R v l t i f M yst i s t 1 8 7 6 p 1 7

, , vo . .
, .
- an . e e, e e a on o ere , e c .
, , .
 E A S T I N DI A I S LA N D S .
3 37

t o t he e n d of 1 8 67 . B omb ay t h e M ason i c
In , R e cord f We st ern
o I nd i a en o j ys an e x t e n si v e
c rci ulat i on , an d is v e ry ably c on du ct e d .

E AS T I N D I A I S L AN DS .

C an on — Mas on ry w as e st ablish e d i n t his islan d— w hi ch I h e re grou p w it h all t h os e

w hi c h i n fo rm e r d ays w e re c on v e n i e n t ly in clud e d i n t h e e xp re ssi on E ast I n di e s — by t he “

Gran d Lo dge o f H ollan d L o dg e s we re e re ct e d at C o lo mb o —F id e li t y — 1 7 7 1 ; P o i n t d e G all e

— S in ce rit y— 1 7 7 3 ; an d at Co lo mb o ag ain — Un i on —
.

1794 I n 1 7 9 5 t h e B rit ish t o o k p o ss e s .

si o n o f t he D u t ch s e t t l e m e n t s on t he isl an d an d an n e x e d t h e m t o t he P re sid e n cy o f M ad ras ; ,

b u t six y e ars aft e r i n 1 8 01 C e yl on w as form e d i n t o a s e p arat e C ro wn co l o n y

, , .

A t t his p e ri o d — F e bru ary 9 1 8 01 — a c h art e r fro m t h e G ran d L o dg e o f S co t l an d w as ,

g ran t e d t o t he o ffi c e rs o f t he 51 st R e gim e n t s t at ion e d at C olo mb o for t he Oran ge Lo dge , , ,

N o 2 74 . L o dg e s un d e r t h e A t h oll ( or A n ci e n t) s an ct i on w e re also form e d o n t he isl an d

.

N 0 8 3 2 9 — i n t h e 6t h B at t ali on R A — 1 8 02 an d 3 4 0— i n t h e 3 4t h F oo t —1 8 07
. . . .

Un d e r t he old e r G ran d Lo dg e of E n gl an d a P ro vin ci al G ran d M as t e r— S ir A l e x an d e r ,

J ohn st on — was app o i n t e d i n 1 8 1 0 w h o se n am e h o we v e r dis app e ars fro m t h e lis t s b e fore t he , , ,

e s t ablishm e n t o f t h e fi rs t s t at i on ary E n gli sh L o dg e — S t J o h n s N o 665— i n 1 8 3 8 Bu t i n ’

. .
,

t h e m e an t im e g re at e r act ivi t y w as displ ay e d u n d e r o t h e r j u risdi ct i on s A n I rish Lo dg e .

N o 62 — sp ran g up at C o l o mb o i n 1 8 2 1 an d a F re n ch on e
. Un i on u n d e r t h e G O — i n 1 8 2 2 ,
-
,
. . .

Th e l at t e r o f t h e s e w as re v iv e d o r a n e w L o dge form e d wi t h t he s am e n am e i n 1 8 3 2
, ,
.

A t t h e p re s e n t t im e t h e re are six L o dge s o n t h e isl an d fo u r I rish — N o s 1 07 1 1 2 1 1 5 an d , .

, , ,

2 9 8 d at i n g fro m 1 8 61 1 8 63 1 8 68 an d 1 8 7 4 re sp e c t iv e ly ; o n e E n glish — S t J o h n s ab o v e n ow
’

, , , , , ,

N o 4 54 ; an d o n e S co t t ish—N o 61 1 d at in g fro m 1 8 7 7 an e arlie r L o d g e — N o 4 4 6 e re ct e d at

. .
, .
,

K an dy i n 1 8 65— h avi n g c e as e d t o e xist The I rish Lo dg e s are subj e ct t o a P ro v G M . . . .

app o i n t e d i n 1 8 7 7 an d N o 61 1 t o t h e G M o f A l
,
l S c ot t ish F re e m as o n ry i n I n dia
. . . .

Th e D u t ch L o dg e s t h o ugh n o w e xt i n ct e vin ce d gre at t e n acit y o f e xis t e n ce

, The t w o ,
.

n am e d ab o v e s u rviv e d u n t il w i t hi n re ce n t m e m o ry an d o t h e rs w e re c o n s t it u t e d n o t o nly i n , ,

C e yl o n bu t als o i n t h e E as t an d We st I n di e s o f w hi ch a v e ry imp e rfe ct re cord h as b e e n

, ,

p re s e rv e d 1 .

S UM ATRA — A n E n glish -Lo dge —N o 3 56— was e s t ablish e d at B e n co o l e n i n 1 7 65 an d t w o

. .
,

o t h e rs— N os 4 2 4 an d 559 — at F ort M arlb oro ugh i n 1 7 7 2 an d 1 7 9 6 re sp e c t iv e ly

. Th e s e con .

t in n e d t o app e ar i n t he li st s u n t il 1 8 1 3 ; b u t o n ly o n e t h e M arlboro (aft e rwards R isi n g ,

was carri e d fo rward at t he Un io n w hi c h ult im at e ly b e cam e N o 2 42 an d

”
S u n ) Lo dge , .
,

h avi n g o mi t t e d t o m ak e an y re t urn s for s e v e ral y e ars w as e ras e d Marc h 5 1 8 62 , , .

S um at ra was e re ct e d i n t o an E n glish p ro vi n ce i n 1 7 9 3 u n de r J oh n Mac d o n ald w ho w as ,

su cce e d e d as P ro v G M — D e ce mb e r 1 0 1 8 2 1 —b y H R L e wis an d t he lat t e r c on t i n u e d t o

. . .
, . .
,

h old o ffi ce un t il hi s d e at h i n 1 8 7 7 t h e re h avin g be e n on e Lo dg e i n e xist e n ce at t he t ime o f ,

his o rigin al app o i n t m e n t an d n on e at all for fi ft e e n y e ars pre ce di n g his d e c e as e

, .

A t t h e p re s e n t dat e t h e re are t wo L odg e s o n t he islan d on e — N o 4 1 M at a H ari at , .

, ,

xh sti v list f t h L d g s h t d t f H ll d by t h G d L dg f t h t
1
An e au e o e t y is
o d id e c ar e re ou o o an e ran o e o a cou n r a es e ra lm n

in M s i li t t
a on c Th ts f th
e ra u re . li t D t h L d g s i t h E st
e d W s t I di s
acc ou n d iv d f o e ear es u c o e n e a an e n e are er e ro m t he

(E glish ) F m s s C l d
n 1 77 6
re e d 1 778
a on
’
d t h (G m ) H
a endb h whi h s bst t i lly i
ar,
”
an ,
an e er an an uc , c are u an a n acco r d .

F or a list f t h Dut h C l i l L dg s t t h p s t d t I m i d b t d t M J P V ill t

o e c o on a o e a e re e n a e a n e e o r . . a an .
3 38 PE RS IA .

Pad an g ; t h e o t h e r— N o 7 5 P ri n c e F re d e ri ck at K o t t a R aj a (A t chi n ) Th e s e w e re co n s t i t ut e d
.
, , .

by t h e G ran d Lo d ge o f H oll an d i n 1 8 58 an d 1 8 8 0 re sp e c t i v e ly .

JA VA — M as on ry w as i n t ro d u ce d in t o t his islan d i n 1 7 69 an d a Lo dg e — S t ar i n t h e E ast ,

— co n s t it ut e d by t h e G ran d L o dge o f H ollan d at B at avia w hi ch s t ill e xis t s Ot h e rs s o o n , . .

aft e r spran g u p i n t h e c api t al an d t h e l arg e r t o w n s o f w hi c h h o w e v e r n o p re c is e re co rd is , , ,

o b t ai n abl e A s e con d Lo dge w as e re ct e d at B at avi a i n 1 7 7 1 an d c h art e rs w e re gran t e d t o

. ,

bre t hre n at S am aran g i n 1 8 01 an d at S o u rab aya i n 1 8 09 A t t h e p re s e n t t im e ( 1 8 8 6) t h e re

, .

are e igh t Lo dge s i n Java— at B at av i a S am aran g S o urab ay a Djo k djo k art a R amb an g S ura , , , , ,

k art a S al at iga an d Probli n go Th e s e are go v e rn e d by M r T H D e i Ki n d e re n D e p u t y

, ,
. . .
,

N at i on al G ran d M as t e r fo r t h e E as t I n di e s of t h e N e t h e rl an ds .

C E LE BE s — A Lo dg e —A rb e id A d e l t (L a bou r e n n obles) N o 7 9 u n d e r t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f -

.
.
,

H ollan d w as e re c t e d at M acassar i n 1 8 8 3
,
.

B ORN E O — Ou t his t he l arg e s t isl an d o f t h e worl d— if w e re g ard A us t ralia as c o n t i n e n t al

.
,

e m E n gli sh L o dg e w as e s t abli sh e d i n 1 8 8 5 N o 2 1 06 E l o pura at t h e s t at i o n o f t he s am e n am e , .

, ,

i n N o rt h B o rn e o .

THE P H I LI PPI NE s — M as o n ry i n t h e s e isl an ds is o f re ce n t i n t ro du ct i on b u t at M an ill a t h e

.
, ,

capi t al t h e re are n o w ( 1 8 8 6) fo ur L o dg e s i n e xis t e n ce ; o n e — N o 3 9

— un d e r t he N at i on al .
,

G ran d Ori e n t an d t h re e —N o s 1 7 9 2 04 an d 2 08 — u n d e r t h e G ran d L odge o f S p ai n

,
.
,
The , .

l at t e r form a P ro vi n c e an d are subj e ct t o a P ro vin ci al S u p e ri n t e n d e n t

,
.

PE RS I A .

T h ory i n forms us t h at A sk e ri Kh an amb ass ad or o f t h e S h ah at P aris an d w h o w as hi m -

, ,

se l f admi t t e d i n t o M as o n ry i n t h at c i t y— N o v e mb e r 2 4 1 8 08 — t oo k c o u n s e l w i t h his F re n ch ,

bre t h re n re sp e ct i n g t h e fo u n dat i on o f a Lo dg e at I sp ah an 1 Wh e t h e r t his p roj e ct w as e v e r .

c arri e d i n t o e ffe ct i t is imp o ssibl e t o say b u t t w o y e ars l at e r w e fi n d an o t h e r P e rsi an ,

als o an amb ass ad o r— fi gu ri n g i n M as on i c his t ory On Ju n e 1 5 1 8 1 0 H i s E xce ll e n cy “

.
, ,

Mirz a A bul H ass an Kh an w as gran t e d t h e ran k o f Pas t G ran d M as t e r o f t h e G ran d L o d ge o f

E n gl an d ? This p e rs o n age —t h e Min is t e r ac cre dit e d fro m t h e C ou rt o f P e rsi a t o t h at o f G re at
a

B rit ai n — in addi t i on t o h avin g b e e n a gre at t rav e lle r b ot h in H in d o st an an d A rabia had also ,

p e rform e d his d e v o t ion s at M e c c a I n t h e c ou rs e o f his j o urn e y fro m Te h e ran h e p ass e d .

t h ro ugh G e orgi a A rm e n i a an d A n at o li a
,
A t C o n s t an t i n o pl e h e e mb ark e d i n a B rit ish m an
, .

o f w ar an d re ac h e d E n glan d i n D e c e mb e r 1 8 0 9
-
S i r G o re Ou se ly B art wh o w as s e l e ct e d t o
as M e hm an d e r—
, .
, ,

at t e n d u p o n t h e Mirz a an o ffi c e r o f dis t i n ct i o n w h o s e d u t y i t is t o re c e iv e ,

3 —
an d e n t e rt ai n fore ig n p ri n ce s an d o t h e r illus t ri o us p e rs o n ag e s i n t he foll o w i n g y e ar ( 1 8 1 0)
re c e iv e d t h e app o i n t m e n t o f amb ass ad or t o t h e S h ah o f P e rsi a an d was als o g ran t e d an ,

E n glish p at e n t as Provi n c i al G M for t h at co u n t ry N o L o dg e s h o w e v e r w e re e s t ablish e d i n

. . .
, ,

P e rsi a at an y t im e by t he G ran d L o dge o f E n gl an d n or —so far as t h e e vid e n ce e x t e n ds— by , ,

an y o t h e r e x t e rn al au t h o ri t y Th e Mirz a A bul H ass an Kh an w as m ad e a M as o n by .

L ord M oira i n The e x t e n t o f his s e rvi ce s t o t he C raft w e m u s t l e av e u n d e cid e d ;

b u t i t w as s t at e d s o m e w h at re c e n t ly i n t he M as o n i c j o urn als o n t he au t h o rit y o f a P e rsian ,

1 A ct a Lat .
, vol . i .
, p . 2 37 c f . a/n t e , p . 119 .
1
Gran d L dg R d o e e cor s.

3
E u ro p e an Ma g zi
a ne , vo l . lvi i .
,
1 8 1 0, p . 403 .
4 F m s M g zi
re e aso n
” a a ne , J an 2 , 1 8 64
. .
GE N E R A L J . S . B R OW N R I G G .
C B . .

PR OV I N C I A L GR A N D M A S TE R . S UR R E Y .

Thomas n n
Lo d o . 8: E d in burgh
3 40 jA P A N .

of H o n g- K o n g, an d t he
v ari o us p ort s on t h e m ai n lan d o p e n e d up by t re at y t o t he m e rchan t s
o f fore ig n p o w e rs M r S am u e l R aw s o n w as app o i n t e d by L o rd Z e t l an d P ro v G M for Chi n a
.
. . .

i n 1 8 4 7 ; an d a s e con d P ro v i n ce w as carv e d o u t o f t he o ld o n e i n 1 8 7 7 by t h e app o i n t m e n t o f

,

M r C o rn e liu s Th orn e as D is t ri ct G M for N o rt h e rn Chi n a . . .

A t t h e p re s e n t t im e ( 1 8 8 6) t h e re are i n e xis t e n c e at V i ct ori a H o n g K on g an d t h e Chi n e s e

( ) -
,

t re at y p o rt s 1 3 E n glish 1 A m e ri can an d 4 S co t t ish L o dg e s an d w i t h a s o lit ary e xc e

-
,
; , p ,

t i o n — N o 1 2 1 7 at N i n gpo fo rm e d i n 1 8 68 u n de r t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d b u t n o w
.
, , , ,

e x t i n c t — al l t h e Lo dg e s e re ct e d i n Chin a o r H on g K on g si n c e t h e re vi v al o f Mas o n ry i n t h e -

F ar E as t are st ill act iv e an d c an t h e re fore b e t rac e d i n t he c al e n d ars o f c u rre n t d at e

, ,

by t h o s e d e siro us o f furt h e r in form at i on re sp e ct in g t h e m .

M an y s e cre t so c i e t i e s e xis t in Chin a w hi ch u n d e r sligh t ly vari e d n am e s (an d sp e llin gs) , , ,

w ill b e fo u n d allud e d t o i n t h e n o t e b e l o w 1 .

Th e b e s t k n o wn o f t h e s e is t he Triad S o ci e t y w hi c h has i t s h e adqu art e rs i n t h e S t rai t s ,

S e t t l e m e n t s n o l on g e r d ari n g t o sh o w i t s e lf as an i n s t it u t i on w i t h i n t h e li mit s o f t h e Middl e

,

Kin gd om t h ou gh n o t a fe w o f i t s m e mb e rs are t o be fo u n d at an d ab o ut A m o y I t t oo k i t s
, .

ris e s o m e hu n d re d an d fi ft y y e ars a o Th e t e rm Tri ad h e re allud e s t o a c onj u n ct i on o f “ ”

g .

t h e t h re e g re at p o w e rs i n n at ure - H e av e n E art h an d M an h e n ce i t is s o m e t im e s c all e d t he , ,

H e av e n an d E art h S oc i e t y I t admi t s m e mb e rs w i t h c e re m o n i e s v e ry sim i l ar t o o u r o w n 2

. .

J A PA N .

E n glish L o d ge s b e ari n g t h e fo ll o wi n g nu mb e rs w e re e re ct e d at Y o k o h am a—1 09 2 an d 1 2 63

i n 1 8 66 an d 1 8 69 ; at Y e d o ( n o w e x t i n ct ) — 1 3 44 —
i n 1 8 7 0 ; at K o b e — 1 401 — i n 1 8 7 2 an d

at T 6ki 6— 2 01 5— i n 1 8 8 3 Th e s e are subj e c t t o a Pro v G M , w h o w as app o in t e d i n 1 8 7 3

. . . . .

Th e re lso t h re e Lo dg e s u n d e r t he Gran d Lo dge o f S cot lan d— N o s 49 8 640 an d 7 1 0

are a . , ,

at K ob e Y o k o h am a an d N agas aki e s t ab lis h e d i n 1 8 7 0 1 8 7 9 an d 1 8 8 4 re sp e ct iv e ly

, , , , ,
.

Th e re are n um e ro u s s t ori e s by t h e J ap an e s e du ri n g t h e l at t e r p art o f t h e s e v e n t e e n t h an d ,

b e gi n n i n g o f t h e e igh t e e n t h ce n t ury o f myst e ri o us d o c um e n t s care fully pre s e rv e d i n s e cre t ,

by t he n at iv e s— p re ci o us h e irlo o ms S e v e ral o f t h e s e are m at t e rs o f hist ory ; an d a t h e ory has .

b e e n advan ce d t h at t h e d ocum e n t s i n q u e st i on w e re t he m ore imp ort an t v o u ch e rs o f M as on i c

Lo dge s w arran t s list s o f affi li at e d b re t h re n e t c an d i n s o m e in st an ce s t he ce rt ificat e s o f
, , , .
,

n
a c e s t ors 3
A n ot e d S e cre t S o c ie t y o f J ap an t h at o f t he K om osd n o w e x t i n c t o r i n ab e y an ce
.
, , ,

h as b e e n re fe rre d t o at a p re vio us p ag e 4 .

N ORTH A FR I CA .

E GYPT — M as o n ry di g t o
. Offi c i al Bulle t in o f t h e N at i on al G ran d Orie n t at
,
ac c or n t he “

pre se n t e xis t in g i n t he v alle y o f t h e N il e — i n t h e form of a M e mphis L o dg e — was i n t ro

d u c e d in t o t h e co un t ry by N ap o l e on Kl e b e r an d o t h e r F re n c h o ffi ce rs i n 1 7 9 8 (l) Lo d ge s o f , , .

t h e C raft h o we ve r p ract isin g pure an d an ci e n t F re e m as o n ry are n ot h e ard o f u n t il 1 8 02

, , , ,

1 T h y or ,
hl g l Thi
A n n Or , 1 8 1 3 ,. . pp . 2 3 3 , 2 3 5 ; Gu t a s v e Sc e e , an t i h wi , t h e H u n gL g -
e a ue , or Hea h v e n -E art

L g
ea ue, a S t S i t y w i t h t h C hi s i C hi
e cre d I di B t vi
oc e e ne e n n a an n a, a a a, 1 8 66 L . d e Ro s y L F
n ,
a ran c - M c i hz
a on n e r e c e

l C hi is 1 8 44 ; K R H M k zi R y l M
es no , Cy l p 67 9 .d . . ac en e, o a as. c .
, .
, an M as . M ag , vol . ix .
,
1 8 8 1, pp 8 9 1 3 3 ; N t s
.
,
o e

and Q i s lt
u er e l xii p 2 3 3
,
d H A Gi l s F
s m s
se r. , v o yi . .
, . an . . e , re e a on r n C hi n a, 18 80 .

Gil s p i t p 2 7
9 e ,
t op . c , .
, a su ra.

O t li s f L t
11 u ne M s y i J p i th S v t th C
o a e c u re o n a on r n a an n e e en een e n t ur y (M as . M ag , vo l. vn . , 1 8 8 0, p .

Ch p I p 3 0
a t 4
. .
,
.
,
no e .
 N OR T H A F R I CA .
34 1

wh e n La Bi e nf ai san ce w as e s t ablish e d Ale x an d ria ; w

by a s e co n d L es
at hi ch w as foll o w e d ,

A m i s d c N ap ole on le Gran d at t h e s am e c i t y i n 1 8 06 ,
B o t h L o dge s w e re u n d e r t he , .

G ran d Ori e n t of F ran ce Ot h e rs h av e si n ce b e e n c on s t it u t e d by t h e s am e au t h o ri t y at

.
,

A l e x an d ri a 1 8 4 7 an d 1 8 63 C ai ro 1 8 68 ; an d M an s o u rah 1 8 8 2 ; t h e fi rs t an d l as t o f t h e s e are
, , ,

st ill act i v e Un d e r t he riv al F re n ch j u risdi c t ion — S upre m e C o un ci l 3 3 — a Lo dg e w as c o n

.
°

st i t u t e d at Ale x an d ri a in 1 8 62 an d ot h e rs at I sm aili a P ort S aid an d S u e z i n 1 8 67 — all o f

, , ,

whi c h (e x c e pt t h e last n am e d) are o n t h e ro ll for 1 8 8 6 S t ill an o t h e r L o dge o f F re n c h .

an c e s t ry— u n d e r t h e n e wly fo rm e d G ran d I n d e p e n d e n t S ymb o li c L o dge 1 — app e ars t o h av e

b e e n i n e xis t e n ce in 1 8 7 9 Un d e r t h e Gran d Lo dg e o f E n glan d L o dg e s h ave b e e n form e d at

.

Ale x an dri a N os 1 2 2 1 i n 1 8 62 1 08 2 i n 1 8 65 1 1 54 an d 1 1 57 i n 1 8 67 ; at C ai ro N o s 1 0 68
, .
, , , .

i n 1 8 65 1 1 05 i n 1 8 66 1 1 56 i n 1 8 67 1 2 2 6 i n 1 8 68 an d 1 8 55 i n 1 8 7 1 ; an d at R aml e h
, , , , ,

N o 1 41 9 i n 1 8 7 2
. Of t h e s e N o 1 1 57 at Ale x an dri a an d all t h e C airo Lodg e s w it h t h e
. .
, , ,

soli t ary e x ce p t i on o f N o 1 1 56 are s t ill act iv e . Two L o dg e s— N o s 4 7 2 an d 7 07 — w e re

,
. .

e re ct e d by t h e G ran d L o dg e o f S c o t l an d at S u e z an d Ale x an d ri a i n 1 8 67 an d 1 8 8 4 re s e c , p ,

t i v e ly
. Un d e r t h e G O o f I t aly t h e re are n o w fo u r L o dg e s e ach at C airo an d A l e x an dri a
.
,

b e sid e s on e at M an s ourah bu t t h e d at e s of t h e ir i n t ro du ct i o n I am u n abl e t o giv e

,
.

Th e R i t e o f M e mphis h as b e e n re fe rre d t o i n p re vio us ch ap t e rs 2 an d i t agai n at t his p oi n t ,

cro ss e s t he p at h o f F re e m as on ry I t w ill b e re co ll e ct e d t h at i n 1 8 62 J E M arco n is abdi

. . .

c at e d his p o si t i o n as Gran d Un iv e rs al H i e ro ph an t i n fav o ur o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f F ra n ce .

A c cordi n g h o w e v e r t o t h e
, Offi c i al Bull e t i n al re ady qu ot e d
,
lo n g b e fore M arcon is t re at e d ,
“

for t h e t ran smissi on o f t he R it e t o t h e G O o f F ran c e h e con s t i t u t e d i n C airo t h e L o dg e .

,

M e n e s an d i n A le x an d ria fou n d e d a S u p re m e C o u n c il o f t h e Orde r w i t h t h e dis t in c t iv e t it le

, ,

o f Gran d Ori e n t o f E g p t w i t h au t h o ri t y t o c o n fe r fro m t h e first t o t h e n i n e t i e th d e g re e an d

y , ,

t o fo u n d L o dge s Ch ap t e rs A re O a i S e n at e s an d C on sis t ori e s

, p g , , , .

Up on t h e s e (an d o t h e r) pre mis e s t h e re fo re i t is l aid d o wn i n t he s am e publi cat ion t h at

, , ,

t he c o u rs e ado p t e d by M ar co n is w as i l l e gal t h at h e co u ld n ot c e d e a R i t e whi ch w as e n t rus t e d

,

t o him o n ly as a s acre d d e p o sit t o b e pre s e rve d e t c We n e x t le arn t hat t h e Gran d Ori e n t o f ,

.

E gyp t i n accord an c e w it h p o w e rs whi ch are duly se t fort h con v o k e d all t he P at riarc hs— o f
, ,
~

w h o m 9 5 cre at e d su ch by Marco n is re sid e d i n E gypt —an d fou n d e d t he fi rs t S an ct u ary o f

, ,
‘

M e mphis i n E gyp t i n subs t it u t i on o f t h e d e m o lish e d S an c t u ary i n P aris

, .

This occurre d i n 1 8 67 an d Pri n ce H al i m P ash a son o f t he fam o us M e h e m e t A li w as

, , ,

e l e ct e d G ran d M as t e r o f t h e Ord e r w hi c h p ro sp e re d gre at ly u n t il 1 8 68 w h e n t h e G M w as

, , . .

e xil e d an d t he L o dg e s an d C o u n cils c e as e d t o w ork

, I n 1 8 69 t he S an ct u ary whi ch w ork e d .
,

for a t im e i n s e cre t wi t h a li mi t e d n u mb e r o f P at ri archs als o fe ll i n t o ab e y an c e ; bu t t h e R it e ,

o f M e mphis — w hi c h at t h at t im e h ad n o t re sig n e d i t s p re t e n si o n s t o c on t ro l t h e t hre e d e gre e s

o f t h e C raft — re vi v e d D e ce mb e r 2 1 1 8 7 2 w h e n wi t h t h e s an ct i o n o f t h e Kh e div e S A Z o l a
, , , , . .

w as e l e ct e d an d p ro cl aim e d G M o f t h e S an ct uary o f M e mphis— Gran d N at ion al Ori e n t o f

‘

. .

E gy pt ; an d i n 1 8 7 4 w as furt h e r aut h oris e d t o assum e t h e t i t le o f Gran d H i e ro ph an t — 9 7 °

t h e sup re m e o ffi c e o f t h e R it e I n t he fo ll o wi n g y e ar t w o t re at ie s w e re co n c l u d e d b e t w e e n
.

t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f E gyp t t h e R it e o f M e mphis w orkin g 9 6 d e gre e s— an d t he A an d .

w orki n g t h e 3 3 d an d s o m e o t h e r (so call e d) l o w e r d e gre e s By t h e s e t re at i e s whi ch-

.
,

re cit e d t h at t h e A an d A S R (i n E gyp t ) w as e s t ablish e d i n 1 8 64 by ch art e r fro m t he G O

. . . .

1
A n te , p .
I Ind .
,
pp . 13 4, 1 8 9 , 1 9 4 .
34 2 N OR TH A F R I CA .

of N aple s- w hi ch i n lik e m an n e r h ad d e riv e d i t s au t h o ri t y fro m a S p an ish s o u rce — an d t h at .

t h e Ord e r o f M e mp h is (i n E gyp t ) h e ld u n d e r a c h art e r fro m P aris d at e d 1 8 64 i t w as agre e d : , ,

—Th at a B o dy sh ou ld b e fo rm e d lik e t h e G ran d C o u n c il o f R i t e s i n I re lan d ; t h at t h e j u ris

di ct i o n o f t he GO o f E gyp t sh ou ld b e limi t e d t o t h e fi rs t t hre e symb oli c grade s an d t h at
“
.
,

t he R i t e s o f M e mphis an d o f t h e A an d ,
sh o uld w o rk t h e re mai n d e r . .

I n 1 8 7 6— M ay 8 — t h e G ran d Ori e n t w as re organ is e d an d c o n s t it u t e d a F e d e ral D i e t o f ,

E gyp t ian M as o n ry I t w as re s olv e d t h at t h e re sh o uld b e t h re e G ran d M as on i c B o d i e s i n

.

t h e Vall e y o f t h e N il e e ach o f w hi ch sh o uld b e di ffe re n t dis t i n ct an d s e p arat e fro m t he

, , ,

o t h e rs I The N at i o n al G ran d L o dg e o f E gyp t ; I L Th e S u p re m e C o u n c il o f t h e A an d

- .
, .

°
The S ov G ran d C o u n c il o f t h e 9 6 o f t h e M e mphis R i t e The t w o l at t e r
°
A S R 33
. . . an d I I I . . .

°
b o die s w e re t o w ork fro m t he 4 an d up w ards n e v e r i n t e rfe ri n g w i t h t he t h re e firs t or ,

symb o li cal d e gre e s w hi ch w e re t o w h olly b e lo n g t o t h e N at i on al Gran d Lo dg e o f E gyp t

,
.

I t has b e e n ass e rt e d t h at i n t he form at i on o f an I n d e p e n d e n t G ran d L o dg e t h e i n i t i at iv e ,

w as t ak e n s o m e y e ars p re vi o usly by a fe w F re n c h an d I t ali an L o dge s b u t e v e n i f t his w as ,

t h e c as e t h e e arli e r m o v e m e n t ce rt ai n ly m e rg e d i n t o t h e p roce e di n gs o f 1 8 7 6
,
A t t his p e ri o d .

t h e n umb e r o f sub ordin at e Lo dge s h ad ris e n fro m 8 t o 1 5 I n 1 8 7 8 t he G ran d L o dge o f .

E gyp t w as i n c l u d e d i n t he family o f E uro p e an Gran d L o dg e s n ot i ce d i n t he o ffi ci al c al e n d ar o f

t h e G ran d L o dge af E n gl an d .

D o w n t o 1 8 7 9 Z o l a w as at t h e h e ad o f e ac h o f t h e t h re e divisi on s o f t h e D i e t ; b u t i n
t h at y e ar i n o rd e r if p o ssibl e t o bri n g t h e E n glish Lo dg e s w i t hi n t h e fo ld R alph B org w as
, ,

e l e c t e d t o t h e c h air o f t h e G ran d L o dge w hi ch s oo n aft e r s e p arat e d fro m t h e o t h e r di v isi on s , ,

an d p ro cl aim e d i t s e l f fre e s o v e re ig n an d w h o lly in d e p e n d e n t o f t h e F e d e ral D i e t

, I n t he
, .

s am e y e ar t h e N at ion al G ran d Lo dg e e n t e re d in t o a c on cord at w it h t h e N at i o n al G ran d Ori e n t

— u n d e r Z o l a— wh e re by t h e M e mphis R i t e o ut o f co urt e sy an d g o o d w ill t ow ards i t s o ff
-
,

”
sprin g t he Gran d Lo dge o f E gyp t agre e d t o w aiv e i t s righ t t o work t he t h re e firs t d e gre e s o f
, ,

M ason ry .

Z ol a re sign e d t h e p o sit i on o f Gran d H i e roph an t — 9 7 A pril 6 1 8 8 3 i n fav o u r o f Pro °

-
, ,

fe ssor Oddi .

Un d e r t h e N at i on al G ran d L o dge o f E gyp t t h e re are n ow ( 1 8 8 6) 2 5 L o dge s w i t h a t o t al ,

‘

m e mb e sh p r i o f ab o u t 4 00 h
T e G M is D c o p o
r I on m. o u l 1
. . .

TUN IS — I n t his R e ge n c y as i n m an y o t h e r p art s o f t he w orld w h e re t he e x e rc is e o f

.
,

c on cu rre n t j urisdi c t i on by co mp e t in g Gran d B o di e s is in dulge d in t he C raft is re p re s e n t e d ,

by a v ari e t y o f L o dg e s w hi ch re fl e c t p re t t y cl e arly t he n at i on al in s t i n ct s o f t he bre t hre n who

,

c o mp o s e t h e m The F re n c h Lo dg e s are t hre e i n n umbe r t he E n glish t w o an d t h e re is on e

.
, ,

u n d e r t h e G O o f I t aly Of t h e F re n c h L o dge s t wo h ail fro m t he G ran d Ori e n t —P e rs e ve ran c e

. .
,

( 1 8 6 0 ) an d N e w C a rt h ag e an d o n e fr o m t h e S C 3 3 — S e cre cy The d at e s o f .
°

form at i on o f t he E n gli sh L o dg e s h av e b e e n al re ady giv e n ; t h at o f t h e I t ali an Lo dg e — R e s u r

2

re ct i on — I am u n abl e t o supply .

B e sid e s t h e ab ov e a G ran d L o dge of Tu n is h e ld i t s first se ssi on July 1 7 1 8 7 9 u n d e r a

, , ,

S ign or Cassan e llo as G M an d c l aim e d at t h at d at e t o h av e e igh t Lo dg e s un d e r i t s j urisdi c

. .
,

1
Aut h iti s or e : —M as on ic Ca l d s ; B ll t i
en ar o e no Oifi ci ale d e l Gran d e i
Or e n t s N a zi ona e l E gizi an o, A p il 1 8 8 3
r , an d

De ce m b er 1 8 75 t h e Kn e ph an d L tt s f m P e er ro ro fe ss F F
or . . ddi
O an d Mr Jh Y k
o n ar e r.

2
A nt e , p . 32 3 .
3 44 S O U TH A F R I CA .

w e ll go v e rn e d t oo o n t he A m e ri can m o d e l by t h e e ls e wh e re d e spis e d n e gro race w i t h a n avy

, , ,

o f o n e v e ss e l a p re s e n t fro m E n gl an d
( ) a c oll e ge w i t h p rofe ss ori al c h airs all fill e d by n e groe s , ,

— t his succe ss fu l o u t co m e o f a d ari n gly h u m an e e xp e r im e n t w hi ch has p art ly c ivilis e d cou n t le ss ,

h ord e s o f n at ive s o n i t s b ord e rs p o ss e ss e s an i n d e p e n d e n t G ran d Lo dge o f i t s o w n w i t h a s e at

, ,

at M o n ro v i a t h e c api t al , I c an w e ll im agin e t h at i t s M as o n i c his t o ry p rop e rly t old w o uld

.
, ,

prov e b ot h i n t e re st i n g an d i n s t ru ct iv e bu t u n fort u n at e ly n o t hi n g b e yon d t h e b are s t st at ist i c s ,

are at my co mm an d A G ran d Lo dg e w as e s t ablish e d i n 1 8 67 o f w hi ch t he fi rs t G M w as

.
, . .

A m o s an e x P e n n sylvan ian sl av e
,
-
I n 1 8 7 0 h e die d an d w as foll o w e d by J o s e ph R ob e rt s an
.
, ,

e x P re sid e n t o f t h e R e p u bli c
-
A ccordin g t o t h e M ason i c C ale n d ars i n 1 8 7 6 C B D u n b ar w as
.
, . .

t he G ran d M ast e r w it h fi ve Lo dge s ; i n 1 8 7 7 R e gi n ald A S h e rm an ; an d i n 1 8 8 1 Willi am

, ,
.
,

M D avis w i t h six L odge s an d 1 2 5 m e mb e rs

.
,
N o e nlarg e m e n t o f t he j u risdi ct ion h as si n ce .

o c c urre d t h e s am e G M is i n o ffi ce an d t h e R i t e p ract is e d is t h e pu re o n e o f t h e E n glish C raft

,
. .
,
.

THE A z o RE s I n t h e s e w hic h form a p rovi n ce an d n o t a d e p e n d e n cy o f P o rt u gal t h e re

.
-
, , , ,

is a Lo d g e u n d e r t he Un i t e d G ran d Lusi t an i an Ori e n t Th at j u risdi ct i o n is a fav o u ri t e on e i n .

t h e isl an ds o f t h e N ort h A t l an t ic as w e fi n d i n M ADE IR A t h re e an d i n t h e C AN A RI E S 1 n i n e , , ,

L o dg e s h o ldi n g w arran t s from t he s am e G O . .

S T H E LE NA — A n (A t h o ll) L o dge — N o 1 3 2 —w as e s t ablish e d i n t his isl an d i n 1 7 64 an d .

,

an o t h e r— N o 568 — u n d e r t h e (o ld e r) G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d i n 1 7 9 8
. The fo rm e r b e cam e .

e x t i n ct i n 1 7 66 b u t t h e l at t e r w as c arri e d forw ard at t h e Un io n

,
t h o u gh i t did n o t
s u rvi ve t h e re n u mb e ri n g o f 1 8 3 2 Li e u t C o l on e l F ran cis R o bs on w as app o i n t e d Prov G M . .
-
. . .

i n 1 8 01 an d D avid K ay M D i n 1 8 03 b ot h h o ldi n g o ffi ce u n d e r t h e s e n ior o f t h e t w o G ran d

, ,
. .
, ,

L o dg e s The l at t e r c on t in u e d for s e v e ral ye ars t o pre sid e o v e r a Provin ce i n whi ch t h e re w as

.

n o L o dg e ; b u t a re viv al t oo k pl ace i n 1 8 4 3 w h e n N o 7 1 8 w as e re ct e d an d a s e con d Lo dg e ,

.
,

N o 1 2 1 4— cam e i n t o e xis t e n ce i n 1 8 62 B ot h o f t h e s e m e e t at J am e s To wn an d are s t ill .

,

The 2 oth F o ot —t o
Mi n d e n Lo dge N o 63 was at t ach e d by t h e Gran d
w hi c h t h e fam o us ,
.
,

L o dg e of I re l an d i n 1 7 48 — form e d t h e gu ard o v e r N ap o le o n i n 1 8 1 9 2 1 ; bu t t he hist ori an of -

t h e L o dg e i n forms u s t h e p o li t i c al an d p e culi ar s t at e o f t h e isl an d du ri n g o u r s t at i o n at S t

“
,

H e l e n a t h e s e ve ri t y o f du t y t h e w an t o f a b u ildi n g all Op e rat e d t o p re v e n t t he b e s t in t e n t i o ns

, , ,

”
t o ass e mbl e for M as o n i c p u rp o s e s 2 .

I n t h e on ly o t h e r B rit ish isl an d o n t h e co as t o f A fri ca lyi n g s o u t h o f t h e E qu at or

A S CE N S I ON— a Lo dge N o 1 02 9 o n t h e E n glish ro ll w as e re ct e d i n 1 8 64 bu t h as ce as e d t o
,
.
, ,

S OUTH A F R ICA .

The Cap e S e t t le m e n t w as t ak e n by a B ri t ish n av al force i n 1 7 9 5 re s t ore d t o H o llan d i n ,

1 8 02 re t ak e n i n 1 8 0 6 an d p e rm an e n t ly c e de d t o B ri t ai n at t he C o n gre ss o f Vi e n n a
, , .

D u t ch L o dg e s — Of G oo d H o p e an d Of G oo d Trus t —w e re e re c t e d at C ap e To w n i n
“
,

1 7 7 2 an d 1 8 02 re sp e c t iv e ly Th e s e h appily surviv e ; b u t s e v e ral L o dg e s at l e as t i n S o u t h

.
, , , ,

A fri ca u n d e r t he s am e j u risdi ct ion app e ar t o h av e p ass e d aw ay w it h ou t l e avi n g an y t race o f

t h e ir e xis t e n c e .

A ft e r t he fi n al c e ssi on o f t he co l on y Lo d ge s u n d e r t he ri val Gran d Lo dg e s o f E n gl an d w e re ,

1
O
f . a n te , p . 3 15 .
1
Ser g e an t -M a o r j J Cl k
. ar e , H ist . of t he M i d L dg
n en o e, 1 8 49 , p . 18 .
 S O UTH A F R I CA .
34 5

st ablish e d at t he capi t al i n t he 1 8 1 1 an d 1 8 1 2 re sp e ct ive ly— i n t he fo rm e r y e ar

B ri t ish “
e , ,

N o 62 9 u n d e r t he o ld e r s an ct i on ; an d i n t h e l at t e r N o 3 54 t h e
.
,
C ap e o f G oo d H o p e ,
.
,
“

Lo d g e i n t h e 1 ot h B at t alion o f t he R o yal A rt il le ry u n d e r an A t h oll warran t

, ,
.

Th e fi rs t b an d o f E n glish s e t t l e rs arrive d i n 1 8 2 0 an d i n t he fo ll o w i n g y e ar a s e c o n d ,

s t at i on ary L o dge u n d e r t h e Un i t e d G ran d L odg e o f E n gl an d— H op e N o 7 2 7 — was e re ct e d at

, , .

C ap e To w n — wh e re als o a Lo dge b e ari n g t h e s am e n am e u n d e r t h e G O o f F ran ce spran g up

, , , .
, ,

N o v e mb e r 1 0 1 8 2 4 A t hird E n glish L o d g e — Alb an y N o 8 1 7 — w as e s t ablish e d at G rah ams

, .
, .

t own i n 1 8 2 8 Th e D u t ch L o d ge s re ce iv e d t h e E n glish b re t h re n w i t h o p e n arms an d w it h

.
,

gre at sat is fact i on Wh e n E n glish M as o n ry h ad i n cre as e d an d i t w as con side re d righ t t o fo rm

.
,

a Pro vi n c i al G ran d L o dg e t he b rot h e r s e l e ct e d fo r t h e o ffi ce o f Prov G M w as t h e D e pu t y

,
. . .

”
G M o f t h e N e t h e rl an ds w h o co n t i n u e d t ill his d e at h t o h o ld t h e t w o app o in t m e n t s 1 This
. .
,
.

mus t h a v e b e e n S i r J o h n Tru t e r w h o re ce iv e d an E n glish p at e n t i n 1 8 2 9 ; for al t h o ugh an ,

e arli e r Pro v G M u n d e r E n gl an d— R i ch ard Blak e

. . .h ad b e e n app o i n t e d i n 1 8 01 t h e w ords -
,

qu ot e d abo v e w ill n o t apply t o t he l at t e r B e t we e n 1 8 2 8 an d 1 8 50 t h e re w as n o augme n t at io n .

o f t h e L o dg e s ; bu t i n t h e l at t e r y e ar a re viv al se t i n an d du ri n g t h e d e c ad e imm e di at e ly ,

e n s u in g — 1 8 51 60— six 2 w e re w arran t e d by t he Gran d Lo dge o f E n glan d

'

- .
_

I n 1 8 60 t o t h e j u risdi ct i o n s alre ady e xis t in g (t h o s e o f H o ll an d an d E n gl an d) w as add e d

,

t h at o f S co t l an d u n d e r t h e G ran d L o dg e o f w hi ch c o un t ry a Lo dg e — S o u t h e rn C ro ss N o 3 9 8
, , .

w as e re ct e d at C ap e To w n S h ort ly aft e rw ards i n a sin gl e y e ar ( 1 8 63 ) t wo D u t c h Lo dg e s w e re

.
,

e s t ablish e d i n C ap e C o l o n y an d o n e at Bl o e m fon t e i n i n t he Oran g e F re e S t at e ,

This p e rio d , .

c o i n c id e s w it h t h e app o i n t m e n t — aft e r an i n t e rreg n u m — o f t h e H o n R i c h ard S o u t h e y as P ro v . .

G M u n d e r t h e G L o f E n gl an d ; an d i t will b e c on v e n i e n t if I h e re p ro ce e d t o d e s crib e
. . . .

se ri a t i m t h e p ro g re ss o f M as on ry u n d e r t h e t h re e c o mp e t i n g j u risdi c t i on s C o mm e n ci n g wi t h .

t h at o f E n glan d b e t w e e n t he d at e t o w hi ch t h e s t at is t i c s w e re las t giv e n ( 1 8 60) d o w n t o t h e

,

c l o s e o f 1 8 8 5 62 L o dg e s w e re add e d t o t he ro ll
, The n umb e r at p re s e n t e xis t i n g i n S o u t h .

A fri ca as sh o w n by t he o fii ci al cal e n d ar o f c u rre n t d at e is 54 viz : E as t e rn D ivisi on 2 4 ;

‘

.
, , , ,

We s t e rn D i v i sion 8 N at al 1 1 an d 1 1 n ot subj e c t t o an y pro v in cial au t h orit y so m e o f w hic h

, , ,

w e re form e rly u n d e r t h e D is t ri ct G ran d Lo dg e o f G riqu al an d (n ow ab oli sh e d) an d t wo—N o s , .

1 02 2 at Bloe m fo n t e i n ( Oran ge F re e S t at e ) an d 1 7 4 7 at Pre t oria (Tran svaal ) — are sit u at e i n

, , ,

fore ign t e rri t ory W i t hin t he s am e p e rio d— 1 8 60 8 5—1 2 Lo dg e s h ave b e e n e st ablish e d u n d e r

.
-

t h e G ran d L o dg e o f S cot l an d an d n o w co mp o s e a M as o n i c D is t ri ct (or P ro vin ce ) The D u t ch

, .

M ason ic C al e n d ar fo r 1 8 8 6 sh o w s 2 3 L o dge s as e xist i n g i n S o u t h A fri ca Of t h e s e as alre ady .

,

re l at e d t w o w e re e re c t e d b e fore 1 8 03 an d t h re e i n 1 8 63
, The l at e s t o n t he p re s e n t l
i s t d at e s ,
.

fro m 1 8 8 4 Th e s e Lo dge s are dis t ribut e d t h ro ugh o u t t h e B ri t ish p o ss e ssion s an d t he di ffe re n t

.

B oe r R e publi c s as fo llo w s Vi z I n B rit ish S o u t h A fri ca 1 6 ; 3 i n t h e Oran g e F re e S t at e 4 ; an d

, , ,

i n t he Tran sv aal 3 an d at t he h e ad o f all is a D e p u t y N at io n al G M — M r J H H o fm e ijr

,
. . . .

at C ap e To w n .

Th e re lat i on s b e t w e e n t h e E n glish an d D ut ch Mas o n s at t h e C ap e h ave al ways b e e n o f t he

1
P ro ce e di gs n , Gran d L dg o e of E n gl d J
an , une 5, 1 8 67 .

2
N os 8 7 1 , 8 8 4, 9 8 7 , 1 0 1 3 , 1 0 40, 1 1 3 0—in v ig t y F o rt Be au fort , K i g Wi lliam s P
'
. an d the S o e re n , n To wn , ort

E i l z b tha e , Du r b an , an d Gra h m st
a o wn re sp t iv ly
ec e .

3
The d
at e o f co n st it t i
u o n o f on e f t h s —th
o eU ie N 50 t G
e f R i t —is giv
n on, e ggs io. , a raa e ne e n as n t h e Of fiil c a

C ale n d F m t hi m y b i f
ar . ro s a e n e rre d t h t it w
, a igi lly f m d i n 1 8 3 4 d viv d i 1 8 66 ; ls
as or na or e , an re e n a o, t h at th
o er

Du t c h L dg s w st i t t d i
o e e re co n u e n S ou t h Af i b t w 1 8 02 d 1 8 60 whi h h v s d t xist 3
r ca e een an , c a e ce a e o e
‘
 3 46 S O U TH A F R I CA N I S L A N D S .

m ost h aract e r Wh e n t h e D G L u n d e r E n gl an d w as re e re ct e d
fri e n d ly c . t h e D e pu t y . . .
-

G M u n d e r t he G ran d Lo dge o f t h e N e t h e rl an ds assis t e d at i t s re i n au gu rat i o n an d pl a

. . ce d at -
,

t h e d isp o s al o f t he E n glish b re t h re n t he Mas o n i c H all b e l o n gi n g t o t he D u t ch F rat e rn i t y At, .

t h e c e l e b rat io n o f t h e fe s t i v al o f S t J oh n i t has l o n g b e e n c us t o m ary for t h e E n glish an d ,

D u t ch M as on s t o ass e mbl e at di ffe re n t h o u rs o f t he d ay i n ord e r t h at t he bre t h re n u n d e r e ach ,

j u risdi ct i on migh t b e p re s e n t at b ot h m e e t i n gs .

A t a qu art e rly c o mmu n i cat i o n o f t he G ran d L o d ge o f E n gl an d h e ld J u n e 5 1 8 67 i t w as , , ,

s t at e d re ce n t ly an o bj e c t i on h as b e e n rais e d by s o m e o f t h e y o u n g e r E n glish M as on s agai n st

,
“

t h e e s t ablishm e n t o f s o m e n e w Lo dg e s l at e ly form e d by t h e D u t ch o n t h e gro un d t h at t h e ,

C on v e n t ion of 1 7 7 0 1 prohibi t s t h e i r d o i n g so t h e C ap e n ow b e i n g an E n glish p o ss e ssio n an d , ,

h av i n g b e e n so sin ce t h e e arly p art o f t h e pre s e n t ce n t u ry I n t his vi e w t he D ist ri c t G ran d .

,

L o dge d o e s n ot se e m t o p art ic ip at e Th at b o dy is an xio us t h at t h e ami cabl e re l at i on s t h at .

h av e so l on g s u bsis t e d b e t w e e n t he E n glish an d D u t ch M as o n s sh o u ld con t in u e .

A ft e r s e t t i n g t he fo re go in g fact s b e fore t h e G ran d L o d g e t h e G ran d R e gis t rar e xpre ss e d an ,

o pi n i on t h at w h at e v e r migh t h av e b e e n t he i n t e n t i o n o f t h e C on v e n t i o n o f 1 7 7 0 i t h ad n o t ,

b e e n act e d o n i n t h e C ap e C ol o n y bu t t h at t he G M o f E n gl an d by app o in t i n g t h e D e p u t y ,
. .
,

G M o f t h e N e t h e rl an ds t o b e his P ro v G M o v e r E n glish Lo dge s v i rt u ally re co gn is e d t h e

. . . . .
,

D u t ch L o dge s I t mus t b e t ak e n for gran t e d t h at b o t h t h e con t rac t i n g p art i e s h av e t aci t ly

.

c on s e n t e d t h at i t sh o u ld n o t apply t o t h e C ap e H e w as o f o pi n ion t h at as b o t h p art i e s .

s e e m t o h av e co nsid e re d t h at t h e C ap e w as n e u t ral gro u n d an d t h e e xis t e n ce o f t w o Gran d ,

L o dg e s h avi n g b e e n all o w e d t o c o n t i n u e sid e by sid e i t w o uld b e for t he b e n e fi t o f t h e ,

B re t h re n i n t h at C ol on y t h at as t h e y h av e go n e o n w orki n g as fri e n ds an d b ro t h e rs t h e y
, ,

”
sh ould st ill con t i n u e t o d o so z A re s o lut i on e mb o dyi n g t he fo re g o i n g w as t h e n pu t an d
.

u n an im o usly ado p t e d .

S OUTH A FR I CAN I S LAN DS .

R E UN I ON ,B OUR BON — M as on ry app e ars t o h av e b e e n e st ablish e d w it h s o m e s u cce ss i n

or .

t h is isl an d u n d e r t h e s an c t i on o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce

,
L o dge s Pe rfe ct H arm o n y .
“
,

“
H appy R e u n i o n an d Tripl e Un i on w e re e re ct e d i n 1 7 7 5 1 7 7 7 an d 1 7 8 4 ; t he s e co n d i n
, , ,

o rd e r at S t Pi e rre an d t h e o t h e rs at S t D e n is t h e capi t al
—w h e re als o t h e re w as a Pro v i n c ial ,

G ran d L o dg e (t aki n g ran k from

,

p re sid e d v e
o r i n 1 7 7 by
8 D e B e u r n o n v i lle
3
aft e rw ards ,

M arsh al o f F ran ce Ot h e r L o dg e s S p ran g in t o e xist e n ce — u n d e r t h e s am e au t h o rit y

.

“
F ri e n dship 1 8 1 6 (re vive d 1 8 59 )
,
”
H appy Un i o n 1 8 1 9 ; an d Be n e fi ce n ce “
1 8 62 W it h ,
“
,
.

x p i L g i dship h v — w hi h is ls Ch p t d A p gus — all

t h e e ce t on o f o d e F r en owe e e o a
“
r c a o a a e r an r
,

t h e b o di e s e n u m e rat e d ab o v e h av e c e as e d t o e xist .

M A UR ITI US or I S LE OF F R AN CE — L o dg e s— u n de r t h e G O o f F ran ce —w e re e st ablish e d at

,
.

P ort L o uis Triple H o p e 1 7 7 8 ; The Tw e n t y On e 1 7 8 5 Th e F i ft e e n A rt icle s 1 7 8 6 ;

,
“
,
“ -
,
“
,

an d P “
e ace 179 0 In 1 8 10 t h e isl an d w as ca.
p t ur e d by B r i t a i n t o w h o m t h e s e i z u re w as ,
,

fi m d p The E a o l f M i his w t I di s t a y e d a s h o rt t im e
e ace of 1 8 1 4 o n a
c on r e at t h e r o ra o n a y . , ,

M u i i s an d — Au gus t 19 1 8 3 1 t t h e h e a d o f a ll t h e M a s o n s o f t h e isl an d laid i n

at t h e a rt u a ,
, ,
4 ” “

M as on i c form t h e first s t o n e of t h e (Cat h oli ck ) C h d l at e ra o f P o rt L so u i o

L dg e
P e ace . ,
,

P di gs G L fEn gl an d .
3
C h p XXV pp 1 69 , 1 7 4
h ps XX p XXVI p 1 a . .
n o . .
,
1
C a . .
,
. 47 4 ; .
, . 2 04.
ro ce e . .

4
D aru t y, 0p . ci t . , p . 65 .
 34 8 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .

S ai n t e s 1 w e re ll e d B arb at a S t Ch rist oph e r is co mm on ly t e rme d S t Ki t t s Port o

at o n e t im e ca .
,

R ic o w as form e rly k n o w n as S an J n an — t he pro ximit y o f t he l at t e r t o S t J oh n n at u rally

i n t ro du ci n g a n e w e l e m e n t o f u n ce rt ain t y Th e n we h ave C ari acou on e o f t he G re n adin e s .
, ,

an d C u racoa Th e B ah am as as o bs e rv e d ab o v e w e re lik e wis e t h e Lu cay o s

.
, H isp an i o l a S t , .
,

D o min g o an d H ay t i are all app e ll at i o n s for o n e isl an d an d S t D o mi n go is als o t h e n am e o f

, ,

t h e p ri n cip al c i t y i n t h e S p an ish p art o f i t Two isl an ds are calle d A n guila ; t h e re is a N e w .

as w e ll as an Ol d P ro vi d e n ce — an d t h e l at t e r w as als o k n o w n as S t C at h e rin e The i slan d o f .

S am an a o ccasi o n ally c o m e s i n co n flict w i t h t he p e n in sul a o f t he s am e n am e i n H isp an i o l a .

Th re e isl an ds i n t he We s t I n di e s w e re c alle d S an t a C ruz an d t he s am e n am e is b orn e by a ,

g ro u p i n t he S o u t h P acifi c an d by t h e capi t al o f t he C an arie s Th e re is Tort u ga an d t h e

, .

Tort u gas an d t h e fo llo w i n g v e ry puzzlin g n am e s o f t o wn s z— B ass e t e rre t he capi t al b ot h o f

, ,

G u ad e lo u pe an d S t Kit t s ; S t Pi e rre a t o wn i n Mart i n iqu e an d als o i n R eu n i o n (or B ou rb on ) , ,

S t L o u is c o mm o n t o G u ad al o up e an d S e n e g al ; S t D e n is a t ow n i n F ran c e as w e ll as t h e
, , ,

c api t al o f R eu n i on ; P o rt L o uis a s e ap ort o f F ran c e an d t h e c api t al o f t he , Mauri t ius ; S t ,

G e org e t h e n am e o f t ow n s i n G re n ad a an d B e rmud a ; an d l as t ly S an t i ago t he m o st familiar

, , ,

t i t l e o f all w hi c h o ccu rs n o t o n ly i n Old an d N e w S p ain ( H isp an i o la) t h e C ap e Ve rd e islan ds

, , ,

C u b a an d J am ai ca b u t is also m e t w i t h b o t h i n C e n t ral an d S o u t h A m e ri ca
, , .

I t will b e s e e n t h e re fo re t h at a s t udy o f t h e M as o n i c hi s t ory o f t h e We s t I n di e s is b e s e t

, ,

w i t h a n e w cl ass o f diffi c ul t i e s di ff e ri n g m at e ri ally fro m t h o s e w hi ch h av e b e e n al re ady,

e n co u n t e re d i n o u r pre vi o u s re s e arch e s A gre at p art o f t he i n fo rm at io n up on w hi ch I am .

o blig e d t o re ly is c o n t ai n e d i n old c al e n d ars wh e re t h e n am e o f a t o w n or an isl an d is

,
as ,

o ft e n as n o t gi v e n wi t h o u t an y re al app roach t o e x act i t ud e

,
L e ss u n c e rt ain t y pre v ails as w e .
,

grad u ally s ail d o wn t he riv e r o f t im e b u t e v e n w h e n appro achin g o u r o wn t ime s t h e re fe r , ,

s u ce s t o L o dg e s i n fore ig n p art s (e n p ays é t rang e rs) u n d e r c o n t i n e n t al j u risdi ct i o n s by t h e ,

m o s t dis cursiv e o f w rit e rs are i n t o o m an y in st an c e s b o t h v agu e an d m isl e adi n g

,
I n e v e ry .

c as e h o w e v e r I h av e care fully co mp are d al

, ,
l t h e au t h o ri t i e s at my disp o s al an d t o t h e e x t e n t ,

t h at t h e p art i cu l ars I am ab o ut t o giv e fall sh ort o f b e in g abs o lut e ly e xh aus t iv e I h o p e ,

s o m e re ad e rs m ay b e fo u n d who wi t h g re at e r o pp ort un it i e s t h an myse l f w ill be abl e t o su pply, ,

t h e d e fi ci e n cy

I . THE GRE ATE R A N TI LLE S .

C UBA — Le Te mp le d es Vert n s The ologa te s N o 1 03 —w i t h t he , . n o t or o i us J o s e ph C e rn e au as

fi rst M ast e r— w as ch art e re d at H av an a by t h e Gran d Lo dge of P e n n sylvan i a D e ce mb e r 1 7 , ,

Ot h e r L o dg e s w e re e re ct e d u n d e r t h e s am e s an ct i o n — N os 1 57 1 61 i n 1 8 1 8 ; 1 66 1 67 .
, ,

i n 1 8 1 9 ; an d (at S an t iago d e Cub a) 1 7 5 in 1 8 2 0 an d 1 8 1 i n 1 8 2 2 All h o w e ve r bu t t h e l as t , .

‘
, ,

t w o h ad di e d o u t by 1 8 2 2 an d i n 1 8 2 6 t h e ch art e rs o f N 0 8 1 7 5 an d 1 8 1 w e re re v o k e d b e caus e
,
.
,

t he Lo dge s h ad faile d t o m e e t fo r m o re t h an a y e ar Th e p rivil e g e o f w arran t in g Lo dg e s o n .

his d t s t h f t h C ibb I sl ds d is ls t h m f t w i F
1
T e no e re e o e ar ee an , an a o e na e o a o n n ran ce .

D i g t h p g ss f t h
1
ur n g v l t i t h L dg s igi lly st i t t d i H isp i l —R é i d
e ro re o e ne ro re o u on , re e o e or na con u e n an o a u n on es

C s (F h) C
oe u r d dP ee
ren c ,(P yl i ) —w
o n cor e , ang is d t S t i g d C b i 1 8 05 6 A g i
e rs v ran ce e n ns van a/n e re re o r an e a an a o e u
'

a n - . a n

disp s d i 1 8 08 m y f t h m mb s m v d t N w O l s i 1 8 09 wh —O t b 7 1 8 1 0—t h t w L dg s fi st
er e n ,
an o e e er re o e o e r e an n , e re c o er ,
e o o e r

na m d m lg m t d
e a a N 1 1 7 (C
a d ) d t h G L f P sylv i by whi h b dy Ch t — N 1 1 8 P s
a e ,
as o . o n cor , un er e . . o e nn an a, c o a ar e r o . er e

—w ls g t d t h s m d y t
v e ran ce as a t i p t it i
o s hi fly f g s f m S D m i g d C b
ran e e a e a o ce r a n e on e r ,
c e re u ee ro an o n o an u a .
 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .
3 49

t he islan d w as n e x t assum e d by t h e Gran d Lo dge s of L ouisi an a an d S ou t h C aroli n a u n d e r t h e ,

fo rm e r o f w hi ch b o die s S p ran g up N 0 3 7 1 8 1 5 1 1 an d 1 4 1 8 18 an d u n d e r t h e l at t e r N 0 8 .
, , ,
.

50— La Const an ci a 1 8 1 8 an d 52 — La A m e n i d ad 1 8 1 9
,
Th e n fo ll o w e d t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f
, , .

1 8 1 9 ; an d t w o fu rt h e r Lo dg e s — La Con st an te S ophi e
’
F ran c e w it h a L o dge an d c on sis t ory
an d L H a m an i t é
1
I n t he y e ar l as t n am e d a c irc ul ar was re ce i v e d by t h e G L o f S o u t h
’
18 21 , . . .

C aro lin a fro m t he G L o f A n c i e n t F re e m as o n s i n H av an a st at in g t h at a Gran d Lo dge h ad b e e n

. . ,

org an is e d t h e re t o w hi ch t he L o dg e L a A m e n i d a d re qu e s t e d p e rmissi on t o t ran s fe r i t s al

,
le gi
an c e . A fav o u rabl e an sw e r w as o f co urs e re t u rn e d bu t t h e G L o f S o u t h C aro li n a re t ai n e d ,
. .

o n i t s ro ll L a Co n st a nci a for a fe w y e ars wh e n t he w arran t w as su rre n d e re d by t he m e m b e rs ,

i n con s e qu e n ce o f t h e re ligi o us an d p o li t i cal p e rs e c u t ion s t o w hi ch t h e y w e re s u bj e ct e d .

F o r m an y y e ars M as on ry l an guish e d i n t h e P earl o f t he A n t ill e s i t s v o t ari e s p rac t isi n g ,

t h e i r rit e s i n s e cre t bu t n o t d ari n g t o i n dulg e i n an y o ve rt act s w hi c h migh t e n t ail n o t o n ly

, ,

e xp u lsi o n fro m t h e co u n t ry b u t als o co n fis c at i on o f t h e ir p ro p e rt y A t l e n gt h h ow e v e r a

,
.
, ,

fain t re viv al se t i n an d a w arran t w as gran t e d N o ve mb e r 1 7 1 8 59 by t he G ran d L o dg e o f

, , , ,

S o u t h C aroli n a t o S t A n dre w s L o dge N o 9 3 for t he p u rp o s e o f e s t ablishi n g w i t h t wo o t h e r

’ “
.
, , ,

L o dge s 2 alre ady e xist in g on t he isl an d a G ran d Lo dg e whi c h was accomplish e d on D e ce mb e r , ,

5 o f t h e s am e y e ar .

A n in d e p e n d e n t G ran d Lo dg e o f C o lon w as t hus e s t ablish e d at S an t i ag o d e Cuba an d ,

— D e c e mb e r 2 7 1 8 59 — a S u pre m e C o u n c il of t h e A an d A S R 3 3 was fo u n d e d i n t he s am e
, . . . .
°

8
c i t y by A n dre s C ass ard .

A t t his t im e i t must be re co ll e ct e d t h e p rac t i c e o f ass e mbli n g as F re e m as o n s w as fo r

, ,

bidd e n by t h e S p an ish law s whic h l aws m ore o v e r t h ou gh d e st i n e d t o b e co m e — aft e r t he , , ,

d e t h ron e m e n t o f Qu e e n I s ab e lla (1 8 68 ) — i n n o c u ous i n t he P e n i n sula re m ai n e d for a l o n g ,

t im e i n fu ll fo rce i n C u b a .

S e v e ral i n de e d o f t h e C ap t ai n s G e n e ral an d o t h e r o ffi ce rs w ho rul e d t h e isl an d w e re

, ,

M as on s an d t h e re fore fro m t im e t o t im e t he C raft w as t o l e rat e d bu t i t s m e mb e rs b e i n g

, ,

al ways c omp e ll e d t o w ork t o a gre at e x t e n t i n t h e d ark fo u n d i t n e ce ss ary t o o bs e rv e t h e ,

”
m o st i n vi ol abl e s e cre cy an d e v e n t o shi e ld t h e ms e lve s u n d e r Mas on i c n ame s 4 l e st by t he
,
“
,

dis cov e ry o f t h e ir o w n t h e y might i n cu r t h e m o s t gre vi o n s p e n alt i e s

, .

F or t h e s am e re as on t h e S up re m e C o u n c il an d t h e G ran d L o dge w hi ch s oon aft e r u n it e d ,

i n formi n g a G ran d Orie n t fo u n d a con v e n i e n t t it l e for t h e am alg am at e d b o dy i n t h e n am e o f

,

C o lo n — t he S p an ish for C o l u mb u s—i t b e in g d e sire d ab o v e all t hin gs t o co n ce al fro m t he

p u bli c k e n t he s e at of t h e Gran d E as t o f t he S o cie t y .

A t t he form at i on o f t he Gran d Ori e n t o f C o lon a co n s t i t u t i on publish e d at N apl e s i n ,

1 hi h I t k t b S ti g d C b ?
A t S ai/n t Y ago, w c a e o e an a o e u a

2
x ll h i t i s M ss s A lb t Pik d J si h H D mm d
T wo e c e e n t au t or e , i t h b li f t h t t h s w
e r er e an o a . ru on , co n cu r n e e e a e e e re

Sp i sh L dg s
an o h ldi g we ts f m s m P i s l o t h it y
n Th s t t f M s i
arran hy h w v t ro o e e n n u ar au or . e a e o a o n c an arc , o e e r, a

t h t t i m p v ili g i S p i
a e re aw h lly f bids
n ni v s t ig t i f t his i t st i g p i t Cf t p 3 1 6
a n, o or an n e a on o n e re n o n . . an e , . .

U d th s
3
n ti
er f th S C 3 3 f th S
e an c th
on o J isdi t i n (Ch l st ) U S A f t h M s i j isdi t i
e . .
°
or e ou e rn ur c o ar e on . . . or e a on c ur c on

o fC b u d th
a, an o pi d W st I di I sl ds
er u n o ccu e e n a an .

4
Cf t pp 3 08 3 1 6 A m
. an e , g t h m s giv i
.
, ffi i l
. p t d t d A g st 6 1 8 7 3 f t h ffi s f t h S C
on e na e en n an o c a re or a e u u , , o e o ce r o e . .

o fC l o o n areBism k d J ph t b t p g ph s t t s t h e l m f t h ffi s y will fi d i t h
ar an o sa a , u a ara ra a e re a na es o e o ce r ou n n e

l s d sli p d
e nc o e ,t st t d h
an t p v t t h i b i g div lg d sh
are n o a e ld t his m m i t i m t p i t (N w
e re , o re en e r e n u e ou co u n ca on co e o rn e

E gl d F
n an m s F b
re e y 1 8 74 p
a on , e ru ar , .
3 50 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .

d o pt e d as t h at o f t h e n e w organ is at ion By t his t h e S upre m e C o u n cil n e ce ss arily

w as a .

b e c am e a s e ct ion o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t I n 1 8 65 a n e w con st i t u t io n w as pro m u lgat e d The . .

S ov G C o m o f t he S u p re m e C o u n c il b e cam e — ex ofi ci o— G M o f t h e G ran d Orie n t bu t t h e

. . . . .
,

G M o f t h e G ran d L o dg e w as s t ill re qu ire d t o s u bmi t hims e l f fo r e l e ct i on

. . A ll ch art e rs fo r .

L o dg e s w e re issu e d by t h e G ran d L o dg e bu t h ad t o b e c o n fi rm e d an d ri séd by t h e S upre me ,

C o u n c il .

I n 1 8 67 t h e G ran d L o dg e p ro mulgat e d a con s t it u t i on o f i t s o wn i n w hi ch w hil e re co g , ,

n i si n g i t s c o n t i n u e d m e mb e rship o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t i t c l aim e d t h e e xcl u si ve p o w e r t o e n act ,

i t s o w n by l aw s issu e c h art e rs c on s t i t ut e an d re gu lat e L o dge s

-
,
Th e i r ri gh t t o d o t his w as
, .

d e n ie d by t h e S upre m e C o u n c il I n 1 8 68 — S e pt e mb e r 3 0— t h e G ran d L o dg e su spe n d e d 2 i t s .

c o n s t i t u t i on u n t il a m e e t i n g t oo k pl ac e o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t co n v o k e d for N o v e mb e r 3 0 Bu t , .

b e fore t h at t im e t he re v o lut i on b ro k e o u t an d F re e m ason s b e i n g re g ard e d by t h e S p an ish ,

g ov e rn m e n t as re v o lu t i o n ist s 3 t h e G O co u ld n o t m e e t The G ran d Lo dg e so far as i t w as

,
. .
,

p o ssible re sum e d lab o ur Bu t t he t im e s w e re u n pro pit io us I n t h e w i n t e r o f 1 8 69 at

,
. .
,

S an t i ago d e Cub a by ord e r o f G o n z al e s B re t an o ffi ce r o f t h e g o v e rn m e n t e igh t e e n p e rs on s

, , ,

w e re s e iz e d w it h o u t w arran t an d imm e diat e ly sh o t w i t h o u t a t ri al for b e in g F re e m as on s

, , ,

o n e o f t h e m t he of C o lo n —an d m an y o t h e rs w e re arre s t e d an d co mmi t t e d t o p ris on

for t he s am e o ffe n ce .

The n umb e r o f Cub an Lo dg e s whi ch i n 1 8 68 am ou n t e d t o ab o ut t hi rt y had fall e n i n 1 8 7 0 , ,

t o ab o u t s e v e n an d i n t h e l at t e r y e ar t h e S C o rgan is e d a P ro vin c i al M o t h e r L o dge at

, .

H av an a again st w hi ch t he G ran d L o dge v e ry n at u rally p ro t e s t e d

,
The w arran t t o t his .

“
M o t h e r L o dg e was s o o n aft e r re calle d b u t t he dispu t e b e t w e e n t h e S C an d t he G ran d , .

L o dge con t in u e d I n 1 8 7 3 — A pril ll— t he G ran d L o dg e re sum e d w ork op e n ly an d i n t he

.
,

fo llo w in g ye ar e n t e re d i n t o a c o mpact w i t h t he S u p re m e C o u n c il w h e re by i t w as agre e d t hat ,

t h e fo rm e r sh o uld h av e e x c l u siv e j u risdic t i o n o v e r S ymb oli c M as on ry wit h t h e s o l e righ t o f ,

c ah r t e ri n g L o dg e s an d t h a t i t sh o uld e s t ablish a ,
P ro vi n c i al M o t h e r L o dg e
4
i n t he w e s t e rn
s e ct ion o f t h e islan d t o g ov e rn t h e L o dg e s t h e re bu t i n su bmissi on t o t h e l aw s of t he Gran d ,

L o dg e A ft e r t his co mp act i t is c on t e n d e d t h at t he G ran d L o dg e t h o ugh st ill n omi n ally a

.
,
'

s e ct i on i n t h e Gran d Ori e n t h ad fu ll j urisdi c t i on o ve r S ymb oli cal Mas on ry N e ve rt he le ss i t

, .
,

i s quit e c l e ar t h at t h e re w as a divid e d au t h o rit y an d app are n t ly gre at Mas o ni c con fu sion o n ,

t h e isl an d .

The G ran d Lo dge o f C o l on h e ld fi ve m e e t i n gs i n A ugust 1 8 7 6 o n t h e las t o f whi ch ,

1 A ccor di g t
h w v r i N pl s G d O i t w f d d whi h i 1 8 3 0 [ t 1 8 2 0]
n o M Le ce rfi ,
.
'

o t d it
e e n a e a ran r en as ou n e , c n no e n ac e s

s it t i
con t d by l w s
u t i t li g t h b k G
on an lS t t t -
f th S tti h R i t
a , th s
en m t Am in d h p e oo e ne ra a u es o e co s e e e ca e o e r ca, an a

p d t m t h d f ( i ) B t h A d s C ss d t h p p g t f M s y i S t h d C t l Am i i
ene o co e o an o s c ro er n re a ar , e ro a a or o a on r n ou an e n ra e r ca n

est blishi g M s y i t h s
a n t i s h g v th G
a on r lS t t t th
n iv l l ws f M s y d t h G d
o e co u n r e , e a e e e n e ra a u e s as e un e rsa a o a on r , an e ran

O i t sys t m wi t h t h
ren ll gi e f ll t t h t hi t y t hi d d g w p vid d f t h i (P G d L dg f
e a e an ce o a o e r - r e re e as ro e or e re n ro c. ran o e o

C u ba ,
his by t h iv l G d L dg f C b t h p
3 T , di gs f whi h will sh t ly t i t t h
e r a ran o e o u a, e roce e n o c or en er n o e n arrat iv e, w as m ost
e rro n e o usly st yl d d i l t i f t h G d L dg f C l Th L d g s d t h l t t w i
e a sso u on o e ran o e o o on . e o e un er e a er e re s
n con e u e n ce
q d e eme d
to hv b m
a e ph d by t h f m wh st igh t w y st i t t d i t s l f t h f st p t f
e co e or an e e or e r, o ra a co n u e e e o e r- are n o a num b er o f th em I
I m t ld by M G W S p t h wh sid d t h isl d t t h t im t h t t h sym p t hi s
3 a o r . . e , o re e on e an a e e, a e a e of t h e F re e ma s s on

we re d bt dly g d wh t t h g v m t g d d— t
un ou e ran t lly — t h w g id
e on a e o e rn en re ar e no u nn a u ra as e ron s e.

I s t it t d i A p il d diss lv d i J ly 1 8 7 5
4
n u e n r an o e n u .
3 52 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .

G ran d Lo d g e o f S p ai n The l at t e r are s u bj e ct t o a P ro v G M w h o s e j urisdi ct ion als o e x t e n ds

. . . .
,

t o P o rt o R i co l .

H I S PA N I OLA — This isl an d is divid e d i n t o t he re p u bli c s o f H ay t i i n t h e w e s t an d S t (or

.
,

S an t o) D o mi n go i n t h e e as t I t w as o rigi n ally a S p an ish p o ss e ssi on b u t t h e w e s t e rn p ort i on

.
,

w as ce d e d i n 1 69 7 t o t h e F re n c h u n d e r w h o m i t pro sp e re d rapidly an d i n 1 7 8 9 c o n t ai n e d , ,

7 9 3 sugar pl an t at io n s 3 1 1 7 coffe e pl an t at i on s 7 8 9 c o t t o n pl an t at i on s an d 1 8 2 e s t ablishme n t s

, , ,

for m akin g ru m b e side s o t h e r mi n or fact ori e s an d w orksh o ps

, .

Bu t t he co n flict i n g div e rsi t y o f race an d m on o p oly o f p oli t i cal p o w e r by t h e w hi t e s le d t o , ,

a ru p t u re o n t h e o u t b re ak o f t h e re v o lu t i o n i n t h e m ot h e r co u n t ry A ft e r fi e rce re v o l t s o f t h e .

m u l at t o e s an d n e gro e s an d i n roads o f t he E n glish an d S p an ish all t h e in h abi t an t s of t h e

, ,

c o l on y w e re d e c l are d fre e an d e qu al i n 1 7 9 3 an d t he c o mm an d o f t h e army w as giv e n ,

t o To uss ai n t 1 Ou v e rt ure who e xp e lle d t he h o s t il e i n t rud e rs an d re s t ore d p e ac e t o t h e

’

, ,

islan d .

E n glish t ro ops arriv e d i n H ay t i fro m Jam ai ca i n 1 7 9 3 an d aft e rwards w e re p o ure d i n t o t h e ,

c o u n t ry ; b u t t h e y c am e t o d i e Th e 8 2 d F o o t n u mb e rin g 8 8 0 m e n l o s t all b u t 50 i n t e n .
, ,

w e e ks . A n o t h e r re gim e n t i n t h e s am e t im e l o s t 7 00 m e n o u t o f 1 000 an d i t is s t at e d t h at
, ,

t h e 9 6t h F o o t p e rish e d t o a m an
2
M aj or—G e n e ral S i r A d am W illi ams o n 3 wh o su cce e d e d .
,

t h e E arl o f E ffi n gham 4 as G o v e rn or o f J am ai ca ult im at e ly fo llo w e d t h e t ro o ps s e n t fro m t h at ,

isl an d w i t h t h e t it le o f G o v e rn or G e n e ral o f S t D o mi n g o A t t he clo s e o f 1 7 9 8 h ow e v e r wh e n

,
-
.
, ,

t h e c o l on y w as e v acu at e d milli o n s o f t re asu re had b e e n w as t e d t w e n t y t h o us an d s o ldi e rs an d

, ,

s ail ors h ad p e rish e d w hils t t h e re n e v e r h ad b e e n an y re as on able p ro sp e c t o f c on qu e rin g t he

,

isl an d 5 .

Th e S p an ish t e rri t o ry w as ce de d t o F ran ce i n 1 7 9 5 bu t N ap ol e o n at t e mp t e d t o re — e s t ablish ,

sl av e ry i n 1 8 01 an d t he i n h abi t an t s sh o o k o ff t he F re n ch y ok e i n 1 8 03 S t D o mi n go i n t h at
, ,

ye ar d e cl ari n g i t s e l f an i n d e p e n d e n t re public A p e ri o d o f co n fu si on t h e n e n su e d t h e re b e i n g .
,

n o l e ss t h an fi v e d i s t i n c t iv e g o v e rn m e n t s up on t h e isl an d i n 1 8 1 0 The w h o l e o f i t p ass e d .

ag ain u n d e r a si n gl e re p u bli c t h at o f H ay t i i n 1 8 2 2 b u t i n 1 8 4 4 t h e D o mi n i can s re ass e rt e d

, , ,

t h e ir i n d e p e n de n cy an d t h e t w o dis t ri c t s h av e sin c e re m ai n e d s e p arat e

,
The t e rri t o ry c om .

p ris e d w it hin t h e re publi c o f S t D o mi n go was ce d e d t o S p ain i n 1 8 61 b u t ag ain d e cl are d free ,

by an act o f t h e C ort e s M arch 3 1 8 65 , , .

Of t he pre s e n t c on dit io n o f S t D o mi n go M r H azard a re ce n t t rav e ll e r giv e s a d e pl orabl e , , ,

acco u n t The fe rt ile pl ai n s lie u n t ill e d t h e ri c h min e s are u n w ork e d

. Th e re is n ot a plo u gh .

i n t he w h o l e islan d ; an d t h e o n ly s t e am e n gin e e ve r se t up w as de s t roy e d by t h e S p an i ards

i n 1 8 65 .

1 h i t i s J B S t F m s y i L isi
Aut or e z- 1 8 7 3 ; E ly H is t G L
. cof P sylv i l 1 8 77 8 4 ;
, re e a on r n ou an a, ar . . . o e nn an a, v o . 1 -

N w E gl d F
e n m san F b 1 8 74 p 75 ; P
re e di gs C m m i t t s C sp d
a on , e G .d L d g s f I di , . ro ce e n , o ee on orre on e n ce , ran o e o n an a,

1 8 70 ; C d 1 8 7 1 ; N w B swi k 1 8 7 7 1 8 7 8 1 8 8 0 ; C b 1 8 7 9 [ by E E L fi w Ch C m F C U i t d
an a a, e ru n c , , ,
u a, . . e ce r
‘

, no . o . or. or . n e

G ran d L dg f C l o d C b ]; M i
e o [ t i i g t h m s t ly
o o n an p t f J si h H D mm d p s t d M y
u a a ne con a n n e a er re or o o a . ru on ,
re en e a

an d C t i t 1 8 8 0 L t t s f m M Ch I gl sby
on n e c cu ,
d S D J é F P llb G S
e t i s S
er th C ro li d r . n e an r . . os . e n, . e cre ar e , ou aro n a, an

C b (U it d G
u a nd L dg ) d t d A p il 6 d M y 2 5 1 8 8 6 sp t iv ly
e ran o e ,
a e r an a , ,
re ec e .

9
By E dw ds H is t
r an f t h W st I di s
ar l i ii p 41 1
, . o e e n e , vo . .
, . .

3
P G M
re v .fJ m i d t h igi l G d L dg f E gl d
. . o a a ca u n er e or na ran o e o n an ,

4A ti g Gc d M st f E gl d— d t h D k f C m b l d G M —1 7 8 2 8 9
n ran a er o n an un er e u e o u e r an , . .
- .

5Th l ss f t h E glish h
e o b o s t i m t d by e t w it
n t m d t w t y m illi s s t li g
as Cf
een e a e a re c e n r er a e n , an en on er n . .

H z d p 131
a ar ,
. .
 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .
3 53

I n t he public o f H ay t i on t h e we s t e rn sid e o f t hi s b e au t i fu l isl an d t he s t at e o f t hin gs

re , ,

is e ve n w ors e t h an i n t he e ast e rn or D o min i can p art A ll t race s o f t he o ld F re n ch c i v ili .

sat i on h av e v an ish e d Th e re are n o m an u fact ure s an d t he g o v e rn m e n t is b an k rup t ; t he

.
,

t o w n s are i n ruin s an d t h e m e n sp e n d t h e ir t im e i n idl e n e ss li vi n g on t he i n dus t ry o f t h e

, ,

w om e n 1 .

Tw o L o d g e s— S t J e an d e J eru sa le m E cossaise an d Con cord e — w e re form e d on t he isl an d ,

u n d e r t he Gran d e Loge A n g l i F 2
i n 1 74 9 Ot h e rs s oon foll o w e d— F reres R e u n i s
’

a se d e ran ce .
,

1 7 63 A m i t i e I n d i ssolu ble 1 7 65 ; Ve ri t e 1 7 67 ; F rere s Choi si s 1 77 2 ; 3 an d a Provin ci al , , ,

Gran d L o dge — u n d e r t h e Gran d Ori e n t — Oct ob e r 1 1 7 7 8 Th e s e w e re d o ub t le ss e st ablish e d , .

o n F re n c h t e rri t ory i n t h e dis t ri ct n o w k n o wn as H ay t i t h o ugh t he t e rm S t D o min g o

“ “
, ,

is al o n e u s e d i n t h e lis t s .

Th e re m ai n i n g L o dg e s co n s t i t ut e d u n d e r F re n c h au t h o rit y prior t o t he R e vo lut io n w e re

,

L Un an i m i t e P e t it G oav e ‘ 1 7 7 4 ; Le s F réres Z e le s C availl on 1 7 7 5 R ai son P e rf e cti on n ee

’ ’ ’

, , , , ,

P e t i t Tron 1 7 7 9 ; R eu n i on d e si re e 5 P ort e u Prin ce 1 7 8 3 ; Choi r: d e s H omm es J acm e l 1 7 8 4 ;

,
‘ ’

, , , ,

an d F rere s Di scre te C ay e s 1 7 8 5 (N 0 8 2 9 2 2 9 1 4 56 4 66 , an d , .
, , , ,

B e sid e s t he d e gre e s o f t h e C raft t h e ri t e o f P e rfe ct i on as w e h av e alre ady s e e n 6 had b e e n , , ,

i n t ro du c e d in t o t h e isl an d by S t e ph e n M orin i n 1 7 61 an d d o ubt le ss con t in u e d t o b e wo rk e d ,

u n t il s w e p t aw ay— lik e all o t h e r v e st ig e s o f F re n ch d omi n at i on —by t h e gre at p oli t i cal

c at aclysm i n w hi c h t h at re m ark abl e p e rs o n ag e is himse l f b e li e v e d t o h av e p e rish e d
, We .

h av e s e e n t h at duri n g t h e cl o si n g y e ars o f t h e e igh t e e n t h ce n t ury H isp an io la had be co m e t he

h e adqu art e rs o f t he n e w ly i n v e n t e d A m e ri can ri t e c all e d— bu t w i t h o u t an y v alid re as on —t he ,

A an d A S R
. an d t h at o n t he e xpulsi on o f t h e F re n ch co l o n is t s t h e rit e i n qu e s t i on had
. . .

b e e n i n t ro du ce d i n t o F ran ce 7 .

Th e D o min i can or t o sp e ak w i t h p re c isi o n t h e H ayt i an L o d ge s w hi c h h ad s e rv e d as

, , ,

t h e b asis o f t he ri t e i n m o s t cas e s c l o s e d t h e ir d o ors du ri n g t h e p o li t i cal t ro ubl e s an d F re e

, ,

m as o n ry w hic h w as s t ri ct ly con fi n e d t o t h e whi t e i n h abi t an t s b e cam e alm o s t i f n o t qu i t e

, , , ,

e x t i n ct .

A w arran t w as gran t e d fro m P e n n sylvan i a i n 1 7 8 6 o n t h e appli cat i on o f a Lod g e h e ld , ,

at C ap e F ran co is dire ct e d t o G e n e ral Washin g t o n as G ran d M ast e r o f all A m e ri ca

, A .

s e co n d L o dge un d e r t he sam e j urisdict ion w as e s t ablish e d at P ort au Prin ce i n 1 7 8 9 w hi c h

, , ,

s pp 1 70 1 72
1
Bat e ,
.
, .

A t 9p 1 42 D w t 1 7 8 7 wh t h m b f F h L dg s
n e, . giv t h s
. t k f m Do n o , e re e nu ers o re n c o e are en, e e are a en ro aru t y s
’

list s t w f whi h sh w i his w k d b gi t pp 9 0 d 1 42 sp t iv ly A

, o o c are l L dg s st i t o n n or , an e n a . an re ec e . s a ru e , o e con ut e d
d w t t h y 1 77 2 w ill b f d i t h li
o n o e d th s t d ft
e ar th f m ti f th G d Oi t i
, e oun n e e ar e r, an o e e re c e a er e or a on o e ran ren , n t he

l t list s Th m b s t t h d t L dg s d t h S C 3 3
a er . th fi i l
e nu s er a ac e o o e un er e . .
°
are e o c a on e .

3
N os 3 9 , 41 , 1 07 , 1 44, 1 8 7 ,
. an d 2 55 .

A L dgo st i t t d t t his pl by t h M t h L dg f t h S t s Phil s phi

e N o 2 7 —was . con u e a ace e o er o e o e co o o c

R it e S i l C t
or t A p il 2 6 1 7 8 4 S v
oc a l f t h L dg s m d b v w ls
o n rac st i t t d by t h s m
,
r , . e e ra o e o e na e a o e e re a o re -con u e e a e

au t h it y b t I m
or bl t , d h t s f f ll gi — d sh ll t t m ys lf wi t h m i g t h L dg s i
u a un a e o re cor e ac ran er o a e an ce an a co n e n e na n e o e n

th d f t h i fi st pp
e or e r o Cf t p 117 e r r a e aran ce . . a/n e , . .

R m v dt N w Ol
5
e s f t h s d t i m 1 8 03 D pli t Ch t g t d 1 8 06 L ps d 1 8 08
o e o e r e an or e e con e, . u ca e ar e r ran e . a e , .

Ch ps XXIII p 59 XXI V p 1 2 5
a . .
,
. .
, . .

Ch ps XXI V p 1 2 4 XXV p 1 64
7 a . B t h D G ss Tilly d H q. t —wh,
f t i ip t d h im
. t b .
, . . o e ra e - an ac ue o so ar an c a e as o e

fi st i t h fi ld wit h t h vi v d R i t f P f t i —t h f m
r n e e pl t d th l tt t y w
e re si e e o er ec on e or er a an e r an e a er a n o ar , e re re ~

d t s i t h F h ( w st ) sid f S t D m i g t t h p t w k w H y t i
en n e re n c or e e rn e o o n o, . e., e ar no no n as a .
3 54 TH E G R E A TE R A N TI L L E S .

cont n i ue d m e e t re g u l arly t h rou gh o u t t h e p o li t i cal c o n v u lsio n s o f 1 7 9 1 an d at t h e cl o se o f

to ,

1 7 9 8 (as re l at e d i n t he P ro ce e din gs o f t h e G L o f P e n n sylvan i a) aft e r h avi n g b e e n o bli g e d . .

,

by re as on o f t he dis t urb an ce s i n t he isl an d t h e ir L o dge b e i n g burn t e t c t o susp e n d t h e i r

"

, , .
,

M ason i c o p e rat io n s h ad agai n b e gu n an d w e re c arryin g o n t h e ir w orks

, , .

I n 1 7 9 3 — D e ce mb e r 4 — sun d ry F re n ch b re t hre n driv e n fro m t h e islan d o f S t D o mi n go , ,

w e re gran t e d a disp e n s at i on by t h e G ran d L o dge o f N e w Y ork t o m e e t as a Lo dge i n t h at c i t y

for t h e p e ri o d o f six m o n t hs This w hi ch w as n am e d La Te n d re Am it i e F ran c o A m e ri cain e.
,
-
,

s u rre n d e re d i t s ac t i n g w arran t Jun e 4 1 7 9 4 ; bu t t he m on e y an d p ap e rs o f t he L o dg e w e re , ,

d e li ve re d—by ord e r o f t h e G ran d L o dg e — t o L Un i t é A m e ricai n e w hi c h t o o k i t s place ’

, ,

M ay 1 9 1 7 9 5 The l at t e r re ce iv e d a re gul ar ch art e r i n 1 7 9 7 b e co m in g N o 1 2 o n t he ro ll

, .
,
.
,

an d i n t h e s am e y e ar w as c on c e rn e d i n a s e ri e s o f irre gul ari t i e s w hi c h are n o t wi t h o u t i n t e re st

i n o u r p re s e n t in qui ry F ro m i n t e rn al bi c k e ri n gs diss e n si o n s h ad aris e n i n t h e L o dg e an d i t

. ,

d e c id e d t o re t urn t h e N e w Y ork w arran t an d re v e rt t o t h e au t h ori t y o f t h e i r n at u ral Gran d ,

L o dge o f F ran ce A ccordi n gly a F re n c h L o dg e L Un i on F ran cais e w as e s t ablishe d i n N e w

’
.
, , ,

Y o rk D e ce mb e r 6 by H u e t Lach e ll e a D e p u t y G M u n d e r t h e j u risdi ct i o n o f t h e G O o f
, , , . . .

F ran c e an d P ro v G M for S t D o mi n g o
, L Un i t é A m e ri cain e aft e r t his m ade s u bmissio n
. . . .
‘
,

w as accord e d grace b u t spli t in t o t w o p art s o n e re m ain i n g t he old Lo d ge an d t h e o t h e r

, , ,

b e co mi n g L Un i on F ran cais e N o 1 4 o n t h e roll o f N e w Y ork Wi t h t h e subs e qu e n t his t ory

’

, . .

o f t h e s e b o di e s w e are n o t co n c e rn e d ; i t w ill su ffi ce t o h av e l e arn t fro m t h e au t h o ri t y up o n

,

w hi ch I h av e re li e d for t h e fo re go in g d e t ails t h at a l arg e n u mb e r o f H ayt i an b re t h re n fo u n d ,

an asylum i n N e w Y ork ; als o t h at t h e P ro v G M o f S t D o mi n go an d fo u r o f his Gran d , . . .

Offi ce rs w e re i n clud e d i n t he n umb e r o f t h e s e re fug e e s l .

I n 1 8 02 o w i n g t o t h e arrival o f v e t e ran F re n c h t roo ps t h e n e g ro fo rce s o f To uss ai n t

'

, ,

lOu v e rt u re w e re c o mp e ll e d t o re t ire t o t h e m o un t ain s an d t h e su rviv ors o f t h e c o l on ist s w ho

’

had fl e d t o diffe re n t c ou n t ri e s re t u rn e d i n gre at n umb e rs bu t i n 1 8 0 3 w e re for t h e s e co n d ,

t im e e xp e ll e d M e an w hil e h o we ve r t he G ran d L o dge o f P e n n sylvan ia h ad e x t e n d e d i t s

.
, ,

j u risdi ct i o n i n H ay t i S e v e ral Lo dg e s w e re e re ct e d a list o f w hi c h w ill b e fo un d b e lo w ; 2

.
,

an d a Pro vi n c i al G ran d L o dg e o f S t D o mi n g o w as e s t ablish e d J an u ary 9 1 8 02 This ,

.

'

w as v acat e d (app are n t ly i n e rro r) A p ril 7 bu t re i n st at e d S e p t e mb e r 1 5 1 8 06 an d t h e , , ,

j u risdi ct io n e x t e n d e d t o t he islan d of Cub a— whi t h e r w i t h t wo o f hi s Lo dg e s t h e Pro v G M , ,

. . .

h ad re t ire d .

I n 1 8 0 6 i n t he p ort i on o f H ay t i rule d by P re sid e n t P é t hi o n s om e o f t h e F re n ch L o dg e s

, ,

re viv e d an d n e g o t i at i o n s w e re se t o n foo t by o n e Tri e b e t whi c h re sul t e d in t h e e re ct i o n o f

, ,

1
Bar k e r, p
is N 1 4
. 227 sist d f t w t y igh t h t (
. L ‘Un i o n i gi l) m m b s Fr
Th an ca e, o .
, co n e o en -e c ar e r or or na e er . e

pro ce e di gs
f t h s b th
n highly m m d d i
o e e f th re mm i t i s dd ss d t t h G L f N w
re n are co en e n on e o e co u n ca on a re e o e . . o e

Y k (1 7 9 7 ) by Ch l D y l D Oli V di C b
or a ond H t L h ll —wha ra s bs ib th, d mi i
e e r, er e r, ou r e , an ue ac e e o u cr e as
“
e a n s

t t
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o ce r o e . . ro nc a ran o e o an o n o .

N 2
46 C p F
os. c is F b y 3 1 7 8 6 47 U i f F a e Am i H
ran o ts P t P i D mb , e ru ar , , n on o ran co - e r can e ar , or au r n ce , e ce er

1 8 1 78 9 8 7 F e s R é
, is t h C p D m b 1 5 1 8 00 8 8 C
, r re d S t M M y 4 1 8 01 — i st t d S p t m b
-u n
, e a e, e ce er , , on cor e , arc , a , re n a e e e er

1 5 1 8 06
, d fi d S pt m b 4 1 8 09 8 9 F e s S i é m t R é
su rre n e re i C y s M y 4 1 8 01 9 5 H m ilit é L se a
e e er , , r re n c re en un s, a e , a , ,
u , u

Y D
e au , mb 6 1 8 02 ; 9 7 P f i t H m i
e ce er S t D mi g
, S pt m b 5 1 8 03 98 P e e
, Ab i ts S p
ar a e ar on e , o n o, e e er , , e rs v ran ce , r co , e

t mb
e 5 1 8 03 — i st t d M
er , h 2 1 1 8 08 —fi lly v t d O t b 2 7 1 8 1 0 9 9 T m pl d B h
re n a e arc A py , na aca e c o er , ,
e e a on e u r, rca a e ,

D mb
e ce 5 1 8 03er A ll t h b v x p t N 46 ( x t i t i
, . w s d ( v t d A p il 7 1 8 06 d
e a o e , e ce o. e nc n e re e ra e or aca e r , , an

th e se ly i st t d whi h
on
“
sp ific lly m t i d N 9 5 d 9 7 9 9 w s t blish d i t h fi st i s t
re n a e c are ec a en on e . os. an - e re e a e n e r n an ce

by t h P v G L f S t D mi g
e ro . . . o o n o.
 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .

t he G O . of l d o v e r n o l e ss t h an 3 1 L o d g e s b e sid e s 4 9 ass oci at i on s

F ran ce , an d i n 1 8 51 ru e ,

o f M as o n s w h i c h m e t u n d e r v ari e d t i t l e s for t h e co mm u n i c at i o n o f t h e se call e d high d e gre e s -

.

The s e at o f t h e G O is at P ort au P ri n c e an d t h e G ran d M ast e rs as far as I h av e b e e n

.
, ,

abl e t o t rac e t h e m w e re (ci rca) 1 8 60 J d e P au l P re sid e n t o f t he C o u n cil ; 1 8 65 D u b o is

, ,
.
, , ,

A mb ass ad or at L on d o n ; 1 8 7 1 8 0 A T B ou ch e re au S e n at or ; an d sin ce 1 8 8 1 F F D u pl e ssis -

, . .
, , . .
,

P re sid e n t o f t h e C o u n cil o f I n s t ru ct i on .

I n 1 8 44—F e b ru ary 2 7 — t ot al s e p arat i on fro m H ay t i w as d e c l are d by t h e D om i n i can s an d ,

t h e e as t e rn (or S p an ish) p o rt i o n o f t h e isl an d fo rm e d i t s e l f i n t o t he re p u bli c o f S an t o D o min g o .

I n 1 8 61 as al re ady re l at e d i t o n ce m o re pl ac e d i t s e l f u n d e r t he go v e rn m e n t o f S p ain
, ,
A .

re v o l t h o w e v e r b ro k e o u t i n 1 8 63 an d S p ai n fi n ally re li n qu ish e d i t s c h an g e fu l c hild

, , ,
.

A G ran d Ori e n t o f S t D o mi n g o w as o rg an is e d at t h e c api t al o f t h e s am e n am e D e ce mb e r

1 1 1 8 58
, The Lo d ge s t aki n g p art i n t his p ro ce e di n g w e re origi n ally w arran t e d 1 8 3 0 3 4 by
.
,
-
,

t h e G O o f H ay t i (P o rt au P ri n ce ) at t h e t im e w h e n t h e W h o l e isl an d w as u n d e r an u n divid e d
.
,

ru l e F alli n g h o w e v e r i n t o a s t at e o f s o m n o l e n cy d u ri n g t h e w ars 1 8 44 4 7 t h e y w e re sup

.
, , ,
-
,

p re ss e d (or e ras e d) i n 1 8 4 9 Th e G O o f S t D o mi n go t h u s fo rm e d by t h e s e re sus c it at e d . . .

,

Lo dg e s app e ars n e ve r t o h av e h ad m ore t h an s o m e h al f d o z e n d au gh t e rs o n i t s ro ll

, .

D u ri n g t h e re u n i on w i t h S p ai n 1 8 61 65 M as o n ry e i t h e r di e d o u t or w as p rac t is e d i n ,
-
,

s e cre t bu t a G ran d L o d g e o f t he D o mi n i can re publi c w as o rgan is e d— Jan u ary 2 6 1 8 65

, ,

u n d e r B e n i t o P e re z as G M This w as fo llo w e d— Oct o b e r 2 2 — b y a S u p re m e C o u n cil for t h e

. .

H igh D e gre e s an d t h e t w o b o di e s u n i t e d— J an u ary 1 1 8 66— i n re e s t ablishi n g a N at i on al

, ,
-

G ran d Ori e n t .

I n J an u ary 1 8 67 Th om as B ob adill a p re sid e d o v e r t h e G O w i t h C as t ro as D G M w hilst , . . .

t h e Lo dge s w e re t e n i n n umb e r w i t h a t o t al m e mb e rship o f ab o u t 2 000 ,

.

Th e s e qu e n ce o f G ran d Mas t e rs o f t h e G ran d L odg e h as b e e n as fo llo w s —1 8 58 — 59 B ob a ,

dill a ; 1 8 60 A n t on i o A b ad A lfan 1 8 61 J ac i n t o d e C ast ro ; 1 8 61 64 G ran d L o dge d orm an t ;

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o ffi c i al lis t s an d whils t B o b adill a has e v e r si n ce b e e n G M o f

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t he G ran d L o dge an d . .

S u p re m e C o un c il h av e e vid e n t ly b e e n re l e g at e d t o t h e p o sit i o n o f sub o rdi n at e ch amb e rs as ,

i n d e e d is g e n e rally m ore o r l e ss t he c u st o m i n all Gran d Ori e n t syst e ms .

I n b ri n gi n g t his sk e t ch t o a c l o s e i t is o n ly n e ce ss ary t o ad d t h at a s oli t ary L o d ge ,

A li an z a N o 2 51 — app e ars t o h av e b e e n e re ct e d at S an t o D o mi n g o by t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f

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t he G M . .
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JA M A I CA — L o dg e s o w n i n g fe al t y t o t h e M ot h e r G ran d L odge of t h e w orld w e re o f e arly

i n t ro du ct i on i n t his B ri t ish d e p e n d e n c y The first w as e st abli sh e d at Kin gst on i n 1 7 3 9 an d .
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t he s e con d at P ort R oy al i n 1 7 4 2 Bu t i t is prob able t h at t he n u mb e r of M as on s i n J am ai ca .

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n o, w t ih a gl an c e at Ha t yi ,
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l o v t 1 8 53 ; H W B t s C t l A m i t h W st I di s d S t h A m i 1 8 7 8 ; M s i C l d s ;
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o re es ro ran e o e , .
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119 ; B k E ly H is t y G d L dg f N w Y k pp 1 44 1 66 2 1 5 2 2 9 ; d E ly H ist y G d L dg f
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an ar or ran o e o

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e re n re ar s on e c arac e r c o a ran r en as con ra e o e o a

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ran o e e , l dy i t d ( t p 3 52
e c u r ou re a er re e rre o e re or on o re n o rre on e n ce a re a c e an e , .

t 1 ) f M J si h H D m m
no e o d fM i r o a . ru on o a ne .
 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .
3 57

at p e ri o d w as m u c h l arg e r t h an wo uld b e i n fe rre d fro m t h e s e s t at is t i c s as t h e re w e re t e n

t h at ,

t h o u s an d re sid e n t w hi t e s o n t h e isl an d i n 1 7 4 1 ; an d in t h e s am e y e ar t h e h arb o u r o f P ort

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slo o ps an d t ran sp o rt s co n t ai n i n g i n all fi ft e e n t h o u s an d s ail ors an d t we lv e t h ou san d so ldi s
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G ran d M as t e rs for Jam ai ca by L o rd Ward i n 1 7 42 b u t t h e e x act d at e s o f t h e i r re spe c

t iv e app o in t m e n t s t h e re are n o m e an s o f d e t e rmi n i n g .

A t hi rd L o dge w as e re ct e d o n t h e isl an d i n 1 7 4 6 b u t as w e n e w app ro ach a co n fli ct o f ,

j u risdi ct io n s i t w ill b e c on v e n i e n t i f t he s t at is t i c s firs t i n ord e r are s e p arat e ly gro up e d so

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t h at t he p ro ce e di n gs o f t he t wo G ran d Lo dge s o f E n gl an d i n t his dis t an t p o ss e ssi on m ay b e

dis t in guish abl e 3 B e fo re h o w e v e r p assi n g away fro m ou r imm e diat e su bj e ct t he app o i n t
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m e n t s o f Th o m as Marri o t Pe rki n s! 1 7 62 64 ; Willi am W i n t e r 1 7 68 69 ; J asp e r H all 1 7 7 2 ; -

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S ir P e t e r P ark e r 5 1 7 7 8 ; an d M aj or Ge n (aft e rwards S ir A d am) Willi ams o n 6 1 7 9 3 as P ro v

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G M s u n d e r t h e o ld e r G ran d L o dg e m ay b e bri e fly re cord e d

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A l t h o ugh Lodge s u n d e r t h e S chism at i c (or A n ci e n t ) s an ct i o n w e re e s t ablish e d at Old

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app e ar t o h av e k e p t o u t o f c ollisi o n — at l e as t i n t h e G re at e r A n t ill e s — u n t il 1 7 7 5 by w ar ,

ran t i n g L o dg e s i n di ffe re n t p art s o f t he isl an d I n t h e y e ar n am e d h o w e v e r a L o dg e w as .

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e re ct e d at G re e n I sl an d by t h e o ld e r o f t h e s e b o di e s This b e in g vi e we d as an i n v asi on o f .
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j urisdi ct ion le d t o re pris als w hi c h i n t he fi rst i n s t an ce t o o k t he fo rm o f a cou n t e r d e m on st ra

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t i o n at Kin gs t on — hi t h e rt o a vi rgi n fort re ss of t h e o rigin al G ran d L o dg e — wh e re an A t h o ll “

Lo dg e w as e st ablish e d i n
A ft e r 1 7 7 5 n o furt h e r L o d g e s u n d e r t he origin al G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d cam e i n t o
e xist e n ce o n t he isl an d u n t il 1 8 1 2 w h e n a w arran t —N o 63 8 — w as g ran t e d t o s o m e F re n c h ,
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re fug e e s fro m H ay t i This L o dg e h ow e v e r s oo n di e d ou t .

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The form at i on o f t his Pro v G ran d L o dg e s e al e d t h e fat e o f t he L o dg e s u n d e r t he rival s an ct i on

. .

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e n e my Bu t b e sid e s abs orbi n g L o dg e s alre ady i n b e i n g t he n e w Pro v G ran d Lo d ge w as

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in s t ru me n t al i n ush e rin g i n t o e xist e n ce m an y o t h e rs s o m e o f w hi c h o b t ai n e d place s on t he ,

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p vi Of axp dit i s re ous e e on e nt ou t u n d er d i l B zi —i t is l t d t h
A m ra e er re a e at in a co u pl e of y s
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ra , ten
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on u on , , . .

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Th e follo w i n g L o d g e s we re con t t u t e t h e or n al Gran si d by igi d L dg o e of E n gl d an —N os . 18 2, K i gst
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4 ro . . . or eCh p XX pp 4 8 1 49 0
o u o A t p 3 52o re ,
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d m t i d L dg s w
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G re e nI sl d 1 7 7 2 2 3 3 Ki gs t 1 7 8 6 2 57
an , 1 7 8 9 2 62 R y l A t ill y P t R y l 1 7 9 0 2 8 1 P t R y l
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1 7 9 3 ; 2 8 3 Ki gs t 1 7 9 4 ; 2 8 8 Ki gs t
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1 8 09 n Of t h s L dg s N
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d 2 8 8 di d t b f 1 8 3 2 ; whils t N d 3 42 s viv th R y l F i dly L dg s “

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w esen t N os 2 07 . an d 2 39 .
 3 58 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .

L on d o n ro ll N i n e t e e n Lo d g e s an d pro b abl y m ore i f w e c o u l d t race t h e m w e re ran g e d u n d e r

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t he Pro v i n ci al b an n e r a fe w y e ars aft e r 1 8 0 6 .

A L o dg e S t A n d re w N o 1 02 w as e s t ablis h e d On t h e isl an d b y t h e G ran d L o dg e o f S cot

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l an d i n 1 7 60 w hi ch re m ai n e d o n t he ro ll t h ough pro b ably i n ac t i v e for m an y y e ars u n t il 1 8 1 6

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J amaica h as als o b e e n t h e s e at o f a S co t t ish p ro v i n ce fro m at l e as t 1 7 7 1 i n w hi c h y e ar i t is ,

fi rs t all u d e d t o i n t he re cords o f t h e G L o f S co t l an d . . .

Th re e J am ai ca L o dg e s w e re co n s t i t u t e d by t he G ran d L o dg e o f I re l an d durin g t h e l as t
c e n t u ry an d a fo u rt h sp ran g i n t o e xis t e n ce i n
, A t t h e p re s e n t t im e h o we v e r t h at , ,

j urisdi ct i on is u n re p re s e n t e d o n t h e islan d .

I n 1 7 8 2 o f all o u r form e r p o ss e ssi o n s i n t h e W e s t I n di e s J am ai ca B arb ad oe s an d A n t igu a

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o n ly re m ai n e d J am ai ca w o uld h av e n e x t fall e n — i h w hi ch c as e i t s l at e r M aso n i c his t ory

.

m igh t h av e form e d a p art o f t h at o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran c e — h ad i t n o t b e e n for t he

v i ct o ry o f L ord R o d n e y o v e r t h e C o u n t d e G ra ss e on A p ril 1 2 o f t h at y e ar T h e w h o l e o f t he .

b at t e ri n g c an n on an d art ill e ry i n t e n d e d for t he at t ack o n t h e islan d w as o n b oard t h e ships

t h e n cap t u re d .

The E arl o f E fii n gham w ho o n ly re sign e d t h e o ffi ce o f A ct in g G M o f t he (o ld e r) G ran d ,

.

L o d ge o f E n glan d o n his app o i n t me n t as Go v e rn or o f J am ai ca arrive d i n t he c o l o n y i n 1 7 9 0

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b u t di e d N o v e mb e r 1 9 o f t h e s am e y e ar 2 .

A s w e h av e alre ady s e e n six B ri t ish L o dg e s w hi ch w i t h a sin gl e e x ce p t i on 3 w ork e d , , , ,

u n d e r A t h oll w arran t s w e re b ro u gh t fo rw ard at t h e Un i on

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(1 8 1 3 ) o n t h e ro ll o f t h e Un i t e d
,

G ran d Lo d ge o f E n gl an d I n 1 8 1 6 S ir Mi ch ae l Cl are — form e r P ro v G M u n d e r t h e j u n ior

. . . .

s o c i e t y— re c e iv e d w h at m ay b e t e rm e d a p at e n t o f co n fi rm at i on an d u n t il t h e d e p art u re o f t his ,

w ort hy fo r E n gl an d J u n e 9 wh e n t h e P ro v Gran d Lo dg e cam e t o an u n t im e ly e n d

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F re e m as on ry o n t he w h o l e m ad e s at is fac t o ry p ro gre ss o n t h e isl an d .

D u ri n g t h e p e ri o d l as t re v i e w e d 1 8 1 3 3 1 s o m e Lo d ge s u n d e r o t h e r j u risdi ct i o n s w e re ,
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form e d i n t h e c o l on y t o w hi c h i t b e co m e s n e ce ss ary t o re fe r On e — as w e h av e s e e n — sp ran g

, .

up u n d e r an I rish w arran t i n an d t w o y e ars l at e r t h e fi rs t o f a s e ri e s o f L o dg e s w as

e s t ab l ish e d by t he Gran d Ori e n t o f F ran c e 6 .

1 N os 456, K i gst 1 7 67 ; 69 9 Ki gs t 1 7 8 9 ; 7 3 8
. n 179 0 9 9 ;
on , d 3 5 Ki st ,
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Th m t li t y m g ll ks w m st f igh t f l F m C mm iss y S y s gi m t l s w l th t
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e or a a on a ran as o r u . ro o ar a er re en a re t u rn , e e arn a

of E p s ldi s s t by E gl d t t h W s t I di s i 1 7 9 6 b f M h 1 8 02
u ro e an o er en n an o e e n e n , e o re arc , di d f m pl i t s
e o co a n

n ci d e n a t lt t h lim t o e c a e.

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N 645—f
o. w N 63 8 Th th s w N 3 2 4 3 55 3 57 3 64
orn r d 43 8 —f m
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an d 3 42 .

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i g t his p i d i
Du r n w L dg s N 68 6 t ix P t R y l 69 1 9 7 S ss x Ki gs t — Cl
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T w
o n- o St A , u cca a e e, nn a u e o or , a ou on cor , an o n an o rn a ,

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on e o d 8 10 M t g B y 18 2 6 w
a a ndd d t t h E glish ll an , on e o a , , e re a e o e n ro .

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9 1 8 1 8 —Th B d fG l P p s s ( G d L dg f E gl d ) h i g i d l t t s f m t h G d '

ec .
, e o ar o e n e ra ur o e ran o e o n an av n re ce ve e er ro e ran

L dg f I l d d t h P v G M f J m i l t iv t s m p
o e o re an an di gs i t h t isl d
e ro mm . d th t d p t . . o a a ca re a e o o e ro ce e n n a an , re co en a a e u a

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ran o e o n an an re an ou e e a e or e o e rn en o e o e a ro a an n ar

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re p t thor ipt f l t t f m t h G d L dg f I l d d t h m t t w l ft i t h h ds f t h D k f
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S ss x G M ( P
u e , di gs G d L dg f E gl d )
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6
o e e re c e o ,
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an n I l d l J m ig
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R y l ( R b ld H is t i
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3 50 TH E GR E A TE R A N TI L L E S .

as t h e ir Provi n ci al ru l e r Th e i r re qu e s t w as gran t e d an d t he D o ct or co mmissi o n e d i n t he fi rst

.
,

i n s t an ce — N o v e mb e r 5 1 8 58 — as Pro v G M fo r E as t Jam aica a j u risdic t i o n w h i ch w as su b se

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q u e n t ly e x t e n d e d o v e r t h e w h ol e isl an d D r H amil t o n die d i n 1 8 8 0 an d n o s u cce ss or w as ap .

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p o i n t e d u n t il 1 8 8 6 The E n glish Lo d g e s i n J am ai ca are n o w e l e v e n i n n u mb e r S e v e n o f t h e s e

. .

m e e t at Ki n gs t o n an d o n e e ach at Port R o y al S avan n a La M ar S p an ish To w n an d M o n t e go Bay 1

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t he gro u p is e n t ire ly co l o n is e d c ult i v at e d an d p e o pl e d Th e clim at e is h e al t hy an d m ore

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fav o u rabl e for E u rop e an s t h an t h at o f an y o t h e r o f t he We s t I n di an isl an ds The n u mb e r .

o f i n h abi t an t s
( 1 8 7 7 ) is rat h e r m ore t h an h al f o f w h o m are w hi t e s ye t t h o ugh t w e lv e
t im e s sm all e r i n e x t e n t t h an C u b a i t c o n t ain s h al f t h e p o p u l at i o n o f t h at isl an d Un d e r t h e
,
.

n u m e ro us S p an ish an d Cub an G ran d B o di e s P ort o R i co has ge n e rally o c c u pi e d t h e p o si t i on ,

o f a s e p arat e di s t ri c t u n d e r a Pro vi n c ial S u p e ri n t e n d e n t Up o n i t s e arly M as on i c his t ory . ,

h o w e v e r I sh all n o t d w e ll i n asmu ch as i t w ou ld b e o n ly p u rs u i n g s t ill fu rt h e r t h e v e in o f

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c o n j e ct u re i n w hi c h i t h as b e e n n e c e ss ary t o i n d u lg e w hils t at t e mp t i n g t o d e al w it h t h e

di ffi cul t pro bl e m o f S p an ish M as on ry A L o dge —Le R e st au rac i on — u n d e r t h e G O o f C olon . .

,

w as i n e xis t e n c e at May agu e z i n 1 8 60 an d t h e flu c t u at i o n s o f w hi ch Cub a w as t h e s ce n e ,

durin g t he s t ru ggl e for e xis t e n ce o f t h e Gran d L odge s t h e re m ad e t h e i r i n flu e n ce fe lt ,

t h ro u gh o u t t h e S p an ish A n t ill e s .

I n t h e lis t s b e fo re m e D o n M an u e l R o m e n o is sh o wn as t h e P ro vin ci al S u p e ri n t e n d e n t
o f C u b a an d P o rt o R i c o u n d e r t h e G ran d L o dg e o f S p ai n
(o f which B e ce rra is t h e No
Lodge s are e n um e rat e d b u t w e fi n d fi v e on t h e ro l l o f t h e Gran d Orie n t o f S p ai n
, ,

t h o ugh i n t his cas e w i t h o u t a Pro vi n ci al S u p e ri n t e n d e n t The S C o f F ran ce is re p re s e n t e d . .

by a sin gle L odge — Le Phén ix N o 2 3 0 co n s t it u t e d 1 8 74 Un t il q u i t e re ce n t ly t h e re w e re

, .
, .

fo u rt e e n L o dg e s on t he isl an d i n subj e c t i o n t o t he Un i t e d G ran d Lo d g e o f C o l o n an d C u b a .

Th e s e h o w e v e r form e d t h e ms e lve s i n t o an i n d e p e n d e n t G ran d Lo dge S e p t e mb e r 2 0 1 8 8 5

, , , ,
.

The p ort s o f S an Ju an P o n ce an d M ay agu e z are t h e g re at e s t ce n t re s o f M as on i c act i v i t y ; an d

, ,

t he l as t n am e d t o w n b e sid e s supp ort i n g t w o Lo dg e s p o ss e ss e s a C on sis t o ry

-
, a C o u n c il ,

an d a Ch ap t e r I t is a li t t l e si n gu l ar t h at w hils t t h e L odg e s at P o rt o R i co h av e
s e ve re d t h e i r con n e ct i on w i t h t he Un i t e d Gran d L odg e o f C ol on an d t he I slan d o f C u b a t he ,

Chapt e rs an d o t h e r ass ociat i o n s o f Mas on s i n t h e l e ss e r S p an ish d e p e n d e n cy are s t ill dut iful i n

t h e i r alle gi an ce t o t h e S upre m e Cou n ci l o f t h e s am e t i t l e .

Up on t his a li t t l e li gh t is t h ro w n by t h e act i on o f D on A n t on i o R o m e ro Ort iz (at t h e t im e

p re sidi n g ov e r t h e Gran d L o dge o f S p ai n ) w h o i n a d e cre e d at e d M arch 1 3 1 8 8 3 d e n o un c e d , , , , ,

t h e G ran d Lo d ge o f C o l on an d C u b a an d t h e M as on s o f i t s o b e die n ce as t rait ors t o t h e

G o v e rn m e n t an d t o t he M o t h e r C o u n t ry simply b e caus e t h e y d e clin e d t o re cogn is e his ,

au t h ori t y t o g o v e rn o r i n t e rfe re i n t h e affai rs o f S ymb oli c al Mas o n ry i n Cub a I n t he .

s am e y e ar t h e Un i t e d G ran d L o dg e o f C o l on an d Cub a an n o u n ce d by c i rc ular t h at t h e re b e i n g

i n all t hre e S upre m e C o un c ils an d t h re e G ran d Lo dg e s i n S p ai n i t had re co gni s e d t he G ran d ,

L o dg e o f S e ville as b e i n g t he on ly re ally i n d e p e n d e n t organ is at i on o f Craft Mas on ry t h e n

“

l d
A u t h ori t i e s : — W H is t f J m i . J
1 8 7 3 pp 1 2 3 2 1 4 2 2 2 ; B y
. Gar E d w ds H is t
n e r, f t h W st . o a a ca, , .
, ,
r an ar ,
. o e e

I di s 3 d di t 1 8 0 1 l iii p 41 1 T S t h y C h
n e , e .
, , vo H is t
. f t h W st I di s 1 8 2 7
. l
. p 2 8 4 l iii . ou e , ro n . . o e e n e , , vo . 11. .
, vo . .
,

p 2 2 7 ; H J B g H ist f F m s y i J m i —p i t d i t h H db k f t h C l y 1 8 8 1 ; F
. . . u r e r, . o re e a on r n a a ca rn e n e an oo or e o on , re e

m s a onA g st 6 1 8 8 1 ; L
, u i 1 8 59 p 403 ; S t 1 8 7 3 p 1 4 ; d list s ki dly s ppli d by D M Ly G S
u , au r e , , . co , , . an n u e . . on , . e c. ,

S tl d
co and S B Oldh m D p G S
,
an . I l d
. a , e . . e c. re an .
 TH E VI R GI N I S LA N D S .
361

e xis t i n g i n t h at co u n t ry This o f co urs e was d e ali n g v e ry summ arily w i t h t he pre t e n si o n s o f

. , ,

t h e G ran d L o dg e (or Ori e n t ) u n d e r Ort iz w hi c h M r A lb e rt Pik e pro n o u n c e d t o b e t h e o n ly ,

Gran d B o dy i n S p ai n l e git im at e ly e n t i t l e d t o re co gni t io n as a re g u l ar M as on i c b o dy The .

n am e I h av e l as t q u o t e d b e i n g as m an y w ill b e aw are t h at o f t h e S o v G C o m o f t he , ,
. . .

S o u t h e rn J u ri sd ic t i o n — t he b o dy o f w hi c h h e is t h e h e ad b e i n g t o
°
S C 3 3 for t he
.

o t h e r S u p re m e C o u n c ils w h at t h e G ran d L o dge o f E n gl an d is t o o t h e r G ran d L o dge s an d his ,

o w n p e rs on al au t h o ri t y p e rh aps ran ki n g high e r t h an t h at o f an

y o t h e r M as o n e i t h e r i n t h e Old
World o r t he N e w .

The G ran d L o d ge an d S up re m e C o u n cil o f C o l on an d Cub a h av e t h e re fore follo w e d

di ffe re n t ro ads t he l at t e r t re adin g i n t h e b e at e n t rac k t rav e rs e d by S up re m e C o u n c ils
,

i n ami t y w i t h t h at p re sid e d o v e r by t h e p at ri arch an d law giv e r o f t he ri t e 1 an d t h e form e r -

,

b o ldly st riki n g o u t a p at h o f i t s o w n .

Ow i n g t o t he s t at e o f p o li t i cal affai rs i n t h e isl an d an d fro m t h e i n flu e n t i al p o si t i on h e ld ,

by O rt iz i n S 2
p i t h e ch arg e s he m ad e w e re cal c u lat e d t o subj e ct t h e Cub an M aso n s b ot h t o
a n ,

su rve illan ce an d p e rs e c ut io n o n t h e p art of t h e au t h o ri t i e s A t P ort o R i co t he circ umst an ce s .

w e re s o m e w h at diffe re n t Ou t o f Cub a i t s e l f t he o f C o l on w as l o n g re g ard e d— an d n o t

.

al o n e by v o t ari e s o f t h e A an d A S R 3 3 —as a m ore s t abl e i n s t i t u t i o n t h an an

°
.
y o t h e r o f t he
. . .

n u m e ro u s G ran d B o di e s w hi c h sp ran g up lik e m u shroo ms i n t h e isl an d Wh e n t h e re fo re t h e .

, ,

t wo go v e rn i n g M as o n i c b o di e s at H avan n ah e ac h i n i t s o w n w ay at t e mp t e d t o s o lve t h e , ,

p ro bl e m o f C raft s o v e re ig n t y i n S p ai n i t is n o t t o b e w on d e re d at t h at t he con fusion e xis t in g ,

i n t h e P e n i n sul a w as re p ro du ce d wi t h m ore or l e ss fid e li t y i n t h e S p an ish A n t ill e s I n P o rt o .

R i c o t h e re are n o l e ss t h an fi ve Ch ap t e rs b e side s a C o u n cil an d a C o n sist ory

Th e s e as alre ady re lat e d adh e re d t o t h e ir all e gi an ce ; bu t t h e Lod g e s o n t h e isl an d se t u p a

, ,

Gran d L o dg e o f P ort o R i c o at t he c i t y o f M ay ag u e z i n 1 8 8 5 an d i t is s at is fact ory t o s t at e ,

t h at t h e G ran d L o dg e o f C o l o n an d Cub a h as sin ce e s t ablish e d frat e rn al re l at i o n s wit h

t he n e w b o dy .

II . THE V I R GI N I S LAN DS .

This m e is giv e n t o an e x t e n sive gro u p o f small isl an ds lyin g b e t we e n P ort o R i c o an d

na

t h e L e ss e r A n t ill e s The isl an ds are divid e d b e t w e e n G re at B ri t ai n D e n m ark an d S p ai n ;

.
, ,

Tort o l a an d V irgi n G o rd a (o r S p an ish To w n ) b e i n g t he m o s t imp ort an t o f t h o s e u n d e r B rit ish

rul e ; S t T h o m as S t J o h n an d S an t a C ruz or S ai n t e C ro ix
( , ) o f t h o s e b e lon gi n g t o D e n m ark ;
, ,

w hils t t he l arg e s t o f t h e S p an ish isl e t s— C u l e b ra— h as an are a o f o n ly t e n squ are mil e s Th e .

islan ds ch an ge d h an ds v e ry fre qu e n t ly up t o 1 8 1 5 w h e n t h e ir pre s e n t p olit i cal p o si t i o n w as ,

d e fin e d The B rit ish isl an ds are u n d e r t h e g o ve rn or of S t Ki t t s t he S p an ish are d e p e n

.
,

d e n c i e s o f P o rt o R i co an d t h e D an ish g o v e rn or h as his s e at at Ch rist i an s t ad t t h e capit al o f

, ,

S an t a C ru z This i sl an d w hi ch t h ou gh p olit i c ally u n i t e d w i t h t he V i rgin gro up is ge og raphi

.
, , ,

c ally dis t i n ct h as at t ai n e d t o a high e r d e gre e o f pro sp e ri t y t h an an y o t h e r i n t h e archip e lag o

, .

E n glish is g e n e rally sp ok e n t h ro ugh o ut t h e e n t ire gro up w i t h t h e e x c e p t ion o f S t Th o m as ,

an d S t J o h n i n w hi c h t h e l an gu ag e o f t h e i r fi rs t p o ss e ss o rs — D u t ch— h as b e e n re t ai n e d
3
, .

1
The R o s e -Cro ix Ch pt a e r, N o 2 5 on t h e
. ro ll of t he S C. . of Co l on ,
is n am e d aft e r Mr Pik e.

2 A n te ,
p . 317 .

3
The wo r ks an d s it d i
re fe re n ce c e n c on n e ct o n i i h th w t e Gre at e r A n t ill s e are ls
a o to a g re at e xt ent my au t h o

ri t i e s fo r t h e re m a n n i i g s t i s l ti g t ec on re a n o t he W s t I di s
e n e .
 3 62 TH E VI R GI N I S L A N D S .

TORTOLA AND V I R GI N G o nna — L o dg e s

s t abli sh e d i n t h e s e isl an ds by t h e w e re e

S chism at i c s o r A n c i e n t s i n 1 7 60 an d 1 7 63 an d by t h e riv al o rg an is at i on — t h e origi n al or

“
,
.

l e gi t imat e G ran d L o dg e o f E n glan d — i n 1 7 65 E ac h o f t h e t h re e L odg e s w as c on t i n u e d in .

t h e lis t s u n t il t h e Un i on w h e n t h e y o n e an d all dis app e ar 1 .

S A N TA C R UZ or S T C R OI x — A Lo dge at t his isl an d d at i n g fro m 1 7 56 o b t ai n e d a t e mp orary

, .
, ,

fo o t i n g o n t h e E n glish ro ll i n t h e E n gra v e d List for 1 7 58 as N o 2 2 4 an d t e n y e ars la te r w as , .

,

ad v an ce d t o a high e r n i c h e c orre sp o n di n g w i t h i t s ac t u al s e n i o ri t y as N o 2 1 6 This w as aft e r , . .

w ards d e s crib e d as t h e Lo dge o f S t G e org e an d is sh o wn i n o u r lis t s u n t il 1 8 1 4 bu t i t , ,

app are n t ly b e cam e subj e c t t o D an ish j u risdi c t i o n i n 1 77 6 an d di e d o u t i n 1 7 8 8 J o h n R y an , .

w as app o i n t e d P ro v G M un de r E n gl an d i n 1 7 7 7 b u t n o E n glish c h art e r has si n ce b e e n

. . .
,

gran t e d t o t h e M as on s i n S an t a C ruz t h ough a S c ot t ish L o d ge E u re k a N o 605— w as ,

-
, .

e re c t e d at Ch ris t i an s t ad t i n 1 8 7 7

S T TH OM A S — A disp e n s at i o n t o h o ld a L o dge for six m on t hs w as gran t e d for t his

islan d by t he G M o f P e n n sylvan i a i n 1 7 9 2
,
. N e xt c o m e s
. La C o n c ord e b orn e o n , .
“
,

t he re gis t e r o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f D e n m ark 1 7 9 8 1 8 2 3 bu t w h e t h e r of D an ish o r ,

-
,
“

E n glish o rigi n t h e re is n o e vid e n ce t o sh o w The H arm o n i c Lo d ge N o 7 08 w hi c h .

, .
,

st ill e xist s w as fo u n d e d by t he Gran d L o dge of E n glan d i n 1 8 1 8

,
A ft e r t his i n t he .
,

y e ar 1 8 55 c am e Le s C oe u rs S i n cere s N o 1 41 u n d e r t he S C for F ran ce

, N ot c on t e n t , .
, . .
,

h o w e v e r w i t h t h e s e t wo j u risdi ct io n s s o m e M as ons o n t h e isl an d re q u e st e d A n d re w

, ,

C ass ard o f N e w Y o rk t o p ro cu re t h e m a w arran t fro m t h e S C for t he Uni t e d S t at e s .

S J b u t at his s u gg e s t i on t h e y e v e n t u ally appli e d t o t h e G ran d L o d ge o f C o l o n — at S an t i ag o

. .
,

d e C u b a— an d w e re co n s t i t u t e d as a Lo dg e — S t ar i n t h e E as t —u n d e r t h e au t h orit y o f t h at
b o dy by C ass ard i n 1 8 7 1 Bu t t h e S C fo r C o l on claim e d t h at as t h e G ran d Ori e n t had n o t
. .

2 ”
m e t t h e G ran d od ge w as s t ill i n re ce ss
L an d i n 1 8 7 2 p ass e d a fo rm al d e cre e ce n s u ri n g
“
, ,

C assard for his act io n at S t Th om as I n t h e s am e y e ar t h e m e mb e rs of S t ar i n t he E as t .

appli e d t h o u gh w i t h ou t su c ce ss t o t h e G M o f S o u t h C aro li n a for a D i spe n sat i on t o e n abl e

, ,
. .

t h e m t o c on t i n u e t h e i r l ab o u rs alle gin g t h at t he o t h e r Lo dge s on t h e isl an d w o u ld n o t ,

re co g n is e t h e m o n t h e p re t e x t t h at t h e ,
G ran d L o dg e o f C o l on w as n o t k n o w n t o b e i n
e xis t e n ce I n 1 8 7 3 h o w e v e r t h e y w e re m o re fort u n at e as a ch art e r an d n o t m e re ly a
.
, , ,

t e mp orary disp e n s at i o n w as gran t e d t h e m by t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f L o ui si an a— fro m w hi ch

b o dy t h e c i rcumst an ce of a p ri or appli cat i o n h av i n g b e e n m ad e t o t h e G M o f S o u t h C aro li n a . .

h ad b e e n care fu lly w i t hh e ld Bu t t he p e t i t i on e rs w e re i n n o b e t t e r p o si t i on t h an b e fore for

.
,

t h e y w e re n e it h e r re co gn is e d n or allo w e d t o visi t by t h e o t h e r Lo dg e s o f S t Th o m as an d t h e ,

w arran t w hi c h h ad b e e n so imp rud e n t ly gran t e d by t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f Lo uisian a w as at o n ce

w it hd rawn w h e n t h e act u al c irc ums t an ce s o f t h e c as e w e re b ro u gh t t o t he n o t i ce o f t h at
3
b o dy .

1 L dg s
o e con s t it ute d —A nci e n ts — N os 8 2 , V . i gi G d r n or a , 1 7 60 ; 1 08 , R o a d I sl d an of Tort o l a, 1 7 63 . Gran d
L od ge of E n gla n d —N o 3 51 , Tort o . l a an d Be e f I sl d 1 7 65
an , .

2 C
f an te ,p 3 50
. . .

A t h it i s (S
3
u t C z d S t Th m s ) —P
or e di gs G d L dg s f S t h C li 1 8 7 2 L isi 1 8 7 4
an a ru an o a z ro ce e n , ran o e o ou aro n a, ou an a,

[ac c ordi g t t h G d M st s dd ss t h G d O i t f C l w i f ll mm i t i wi t h t h M s i
n o e ran a er
’
a re , e ran ren o o on as n u co u n ca on o er a on c

b di s d t iv ly g g d i
o e , an ti g d
ac g isi g M s i b di s t h gh t i t j isdi t i whi h w l i m d
e en a e n cre a n an or an n a on c o e rou ou s ur c on , c as c a e

to e x t d v C b S t Th m s P t R i S t J h S t C ix d p t i f S t D m i g ] ; M i 1 8 7 9 ; d
en o er u a, o a , or o co , o n, ro , an a or on o o n o a ne , an

L t t f m M R sm s N i ls G d S t y D m k d t d M y 1 0 1 8 8 6
e er ro r a u e e n, ran e cre ar , en ar , a e a , .
3 64 TH E L E S S E R A N TI L L E S , OR CA R I BBE E I S LA N DS .

Un i o n ro ll i n 1 8 1 4, t h o u gh Mi ch ae l s L o dge — w as a fe w y e ars l at e r
on e — N o . 1 8 6, S t
’

re s t o re d t o t h e li s t b u t ag ai n l e ft o u t at t h e n e x t ch an g e o f n umb e rs
,
t o be a s e co n d
t im e re s t o re d an d fi n ally e ras e d M arc h I t is a li t t l e si n gul ar t h at t h e fi rs t ,

fi v e L o dge s e s t ablish e d i n B arb ad o e s b ore s ai n t ly app e ll at iv e s .

Th re e L o dg e s w e re w arran t e d i n t h e co l on y by t h e G ran d L o dge o f I re l an d i n t he l as t

c e n t u ry an d t h e re w as a P ro v G ran d L o dg e i n e xis t e n ce i n 1 8 04 b u t t hi s h avi n g n o w b e c o m e
, .
,
.

a l aps e d j u risdi c t i o n i t s furt h e r c o n sid e rat i o n m a , y b e disp e n s e d w i t h Th o ugh for t h e i n .

form at i on o f l o cal an t iqu ari e s t h e L o dg e s fo rm e rly e xis t i n g are sp e c ifi e d i n a n o t e 1

, .

The A t h o ll or A n ci e n t M as o n s o b t ai n e d a fo o t in g on t h e isl an d i n 1 7 9 0 an d a L o dge

c on s t i t u t e d i n t h at y e ar s t i ll e xis t s Th re e o t h e rs w e re aft e rwards e re c t e d b u t t h o ugh carri e d
.
,

forw ard at t h e Uni on w e re d ro pp e d ou t at t he ch an g e o f n umb e rs m

,

The G ran d L o dge o f S cot l an d has n e v e r b e e n re p re s e n t e d i n t he co l on y by m ore t h an a

si n gl e Lo d g e t h e fi rst —S c ot i a N o 2 67 — h avi n g b e e n c h art e re d i n 1 7 9 9 ; an d a s e con d (o f t he
, , .

s am e n am e ) i n 1 8 44 A t t h e pre s e n t t im e t he re are on ly t w o Lo dg e s i n B arbad oe s—t he

.

S co t t ish o n e l as t re fe rre d t o an d t he o rigin al A t h o ll L o dge o f 1 7 9 0 ; for alt h ou gh t h re e “

,

o t h e rs h av e b e e n con s t i t u t e d s i n ce t he Un i o n by t he Un i t e d G ran d L o dg e o f E n glan d

3
all ,

t h e s e h av e p ass e d o u t o f e xi s t e n ce .

C UR A QOA — Lo dg e s u n d e r t h e G ran d Lo dge o f H o ll an d app e ar t o h av e b e e n e s t ablish e d o n

.

t h e isl an d i n 1 7 57 1 7 7 3 an d 1 7 8 7— L A m i t i é L Uni o n an d D e V e rge n oe gi n g

’ ’

, , I n 1 8 07 i t , , .

w as t ak e n by t he E n glish b u t re s t ore d t o t h e D u t c h i n 1 8 1 5 ,
D u rin g t h e B ri t ish o c c up at io n .
,

N o s 3 46 Un i o n an d 62 7 C on t e n t an d B ri t ish Un io n w e re w arran t e d i n 1 8 1 0 an d 1 8 1 1 by
.
, , , ,

t h e A t h o ll an d Origi n al G ran d L o d g e s o f E n gl an d re sp e c t iv e ly B o t h w e re carri e d forward .

at t h e Un i on b u t are n ow e x t i n c t t h e l at t e r n o t survivi n g t h e c l o si n g up o f n umb e rs i n 1 8 3 2

, , ,

an d t h e form e r b e i n g s t ru c k o ff t h e ro ll M arc h 5 1 8 62 Curaco a is t h e s e at o f t he D ut ch , , .

M as o n i c p ro vi n c e of t h e W e s t I n di e s an d t h e re are at t h e pre s e n t t im e on ly t wo L o dge s on ,

t h e isl an d o n e u n d e r t he G ran d L o dg e o f H o ll an d
,
D e Ve rge n o e gi n g ( Con t e n tm e n t) -

e s t ablish e d in 1 7 8 7 b u t app are n t ly re viv e d aft e r a p e ri o d o f ab e y an ce i n

,
t he o t h e r
u n d e r t h e Gran d Lo dg e o f E n glan d N o 9 3 9 ere c t e d i n 1 8 55 The clo s e re se mblan ce b e t w e e n ,
.
,
.

t h e n am e s o f t h e e arly D ut c h an d E n glish L o dg e s migh t alm o s t sugge s t t h at i n s o m e i n s t an ce s

t h e re w as a divid e d or du al all e gian ce .

D OM I N I CA — The Lo dge o f G o o d F ri e n ds w as form e d at R o s e au by t h e G ran d L o dge o f

.

E n glan d i n I n t h e s am e y e ar a w arran t w as gran t e d (t h o ugh n o t issu e d) for t he

6
c o l o n y by t h e A t h oll M as on s a d i n n 17 8 5 a s e c o n d un d e r w hi c h a L o dg e w as c on s t i t u t e d
, , ,

als o at t he c api t al R o s e au Bu t n e it h e r o f t h e b o die s t hus e s t abl i sh e d surviv e d t h e u n i on o f

,
.

t h e t w o s oci e t i e s w hi c h is n o t t o b e w on de re d at w h e n w e t ak e i n t o co n sid e rat i o n t h at t he

,

isl an d was c apt u re d by t h e F re n c h i n 1 7 7 8 re st ore d t o E n gl an d i n 1 7 8 3 again surre n d e re d t o , ,

F ran ce i n 1 8 02 an d fi n ally re ce ive d b ack as a B ri t ish p o ss e ssi o n i n 1 8 1 4

,
A re vival t oo k .

place i n 1 8 2 3 wh e n t he Lo dge o f Ch o s e n F ri e n ds N o 7 7 7 w as e s t abli sh e d whic h re main e d

, , , ,

o n t h e roll u n t il s w e p t aw ay
— in comp an y w i t h e igh t y e igh t o t h e r fo re ig n o r co l on i al L o dge s

1 N os 62 2 , 1 7 8 3 -1 8 58
. 649 [ gran t e d b u t v iss d] ; 653 1 7 8 6 1 8 56 ; 2 2 2
ne er ue ,
-
,
—
1 8 2 2 -47 ; 2 59 , 1 8 2 2 3 0 ; 2 77 , 1 8 2 2 -41
2 8 2 , 1 8 42 -45 . Th e d t s l st giv
a e a e n are th s f m v l f m th
o e o re ll o a ro e ro .

9
2
N o s 2 63 , 1 7 9 0 ; 2 8 6, 1 7 9 4 ; 3 08
.
, 1 797 ; an d 3 3 1 , 1 8 04 . N o s 8 48 , 1 8 2 9 ; 7 1 3 , 1 8 42 ;
. an d 1 49 9 , 1 8 7 4 .

4
Cf . an t e , pp . 3 3 7, n ote 1 an d 3 45, n ot e 3 .
5 N o 4 60 . .
4‘
No 2 29
. .
 TH E L E S S E R A N TI L L E S , OR CA R I BBE E I S LA N D S .
3 65

—by ord e r of G ran d Lo dg e o f E n glan d M arc h 5 1 8 62 The on ly L o dg e at pre s e n t o n

t he , , .

t he i slan d is N o 1 74 2 u n d e r t he s am e j urisdic t i o n e re ct e d i n 1 8 7 8
.
, , .

GR E N ADA — Tu 1 7 63 — Oct o b e r 8 — B rig adi e r G e n e ral R ob e rt M e lville w as app oi n t e d ’

-

G ov e rn or o f D o min i ca G re n ada t h e Gre n adi n e s S t V i n ce n t an d To b ag o we re i n cl u d e d i n

.
, , ,

his g o v e rn m e n t —a n e w on e — w hi c h w as s t yl e d t h at o f G re n ad a This o ffi ce r re c e i ve d t hre e .

p at e n t s as P ro v G M for Gu ad e l o u p e — w h e n Li e u t e n an t G o v e rn o r o f F o rt R o y al o n t h at
. . .
-

islan d an d Lie ut e n an t Co l on e l 3 8 t h F oot 1 7 59

, ( 2 ) for t he C aribb e e an d Win d ward
-
,

I sl an ds 1 7 64 ; an d (3 ) fo r G re n ada 1 7 8 0 The y e ar fo llo w i n g M e lville s app o i n t m e n t t o t his

’
.
, ,

n e w g o v e rn m e n t L o dge s w e re forme d o n t he islan d by t h e G ran d L o dge s o f E n gl an d an d

,

2
F a ce
r n T hree . i n a ll w e re c o n s t i t u t e d u n d e r t h e fo rm e r an d t w o u n d e r t he l at t e r ju ri sd i c ,

t ion 3 i n t he las t ce n t u ry ; w hils t t h e A t h o ll M as o n s w h o w e re fi ve y e ars l at e r i n o b t ai n i n g a ,

foo t i n g i n t he co lo n y c h art e re d on e mili t ary an d t wo s t at ion ary L o dg e s w i t hi n t he s am e

,

p e ri o d 4 .

N on e of t h e E n gli sh L o dg e s w e re carri e d forward at t h e Un i o n an d t he n e x t e vid e n ce o f ,

M as on ic acti vi t y is p re se n t e d by t h e e re ct i o n o f an I rish L o dg e —N o 2 52 — i n 1 8 1 9 whi ch .

, ,

h ow e ve r surre n d e re d i t s w arran t i n 1 8 2 5 an d an ot h e r o f l at e r con s t it u t i on — N o 2 2 4 fo rm e d

, , .
,

1 8 4 8 — h as als o c e as e d t o w o rk .

S co t lan d w as n e x t i n t he fi e ld an d fo u r L o dg e s 5 h av e b e e n w arran t e d u n d e r t h at

j urisdi c t i on t he t h re e l at e st o f w hi ch are i n e xist e n ce at t his d ay A y e ar l at e r (1 8 2 1 ) t h e

,
.

M ason ry o f E n glan d w as agai n re pre se n t e d an d sh ort ly aft e rwards by a s e con d L o dge 6 b u t , ,

b ot h t h e b o di e s t hus co n s t i t ut e d are n o w e x t i n ct G G Mu n ro w as app o in t e d P ro v G M . . . . . .

u n d e r t h e s am e s an c t i on i n 1 8 2 5 an d F e lix P alm e r i n 1 8 3 1 , .

The lat e st fore ig n j urisdi ct i on by w hi ch t h e c o lo n y w as in v ad e d w o u ld app e ar t o h av e

b e e n t h at of t h e G ran d Ori e n t of F ran ce if by Gre n ad e w e are t o u n d e rst an d Gre n ada , ,

w h e re a Lo dg e La Bi e n fais an ce —w as e st ablish e d D e ce mb e r 2 1 1 8 2 8 , .

G UADE LOUPE — Tu t hi s t he chi e f We st I n dian p o ss e ssi o n o f F ran ce an d i t s d e p e n d e n cy, ,

M arie G al an t e t h e fo ll o w i n g Lo dg e s are sh o w n i n t h e li s t s as h avi n g b e e n c on st i t ut e d by t he

-
,

G ran d L o dge or G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce : A n t i gu e 1 7 66 ; La Vrai e F rat e rn i t é (Marie G alan t e ) i

,
-

’
an d S t J e an d E cosse 1 7 68 La B o n n e A mi t ié an d L H u m an i t é 1 7 7 0 ; S t Lo ui s d e la C o n
’
, ,

c ord e 1 772
,
La F air 1 7 8 4 Le s Philalet h e s [ un d e r a w arran t fro m t h e M o t he r L o dg e of t h e
,

’
S co t s Phil o s o phi c R i t e ] 1 8 06 ; L A m e n i t é 1 8 07 ; La F rat e rn it é (M ari e G al an t e ) 1 8 2 9 ; L e s
, ,
-
,

’
Desci ple s d H i ram 1 8 3 5 an d Le s E lu s D Oe ci d e n t 1 8 62 The Lo dge s s t ill e xis t in g are sh o w n i n
’
’

, , .

i t alics t h e t w o o f e arli e s t d at e b e in g at Po i n t e a Pi t re an d t h e re m ai n in g on e at B ass e Te rre

,
- -
,
-
.

Alt h o ugh Gu ad e l o up e w as i n t he h an ds o f t h e E n gli sh 1 7 59 63 an d again occu pi e d by ,

-
,

1
d t s f t h s ly P t t s
The a e ly b giv wi t h p isi
o e e e ar th D p t ti s d P vi i l C m a en can rare e en re c on , as e e u a on an ro nc a o

m issi s gon t d d w t b t 1 7 70
ran e di ily i t d—wi t h t dist i t i f d t s— i
o n o a ou ti wi t h t h are or n ar c e ou nc on o a e n con n e c on e

p t i l G M d i g wh s dmi ist t i t h y w i s d S bs q t ly t h is l ss v g ss t h m s
ar cu ar . . ur n o e a n ra on e e re s ue . u e ue n e re e a ue n e , as e na e

fP v G M lly p blish d wit h t h list s f L dg s Th ffi i l l d s h w v w v y

’
o ro . w . . s e re an n u a u e e o o e . e o c a ca e n ar ,
o e e r, e re er c are

l ssly di t d s m m s t fi di g pl s f m y y s whilst t h s w
e e e ,
o e na e ti d l g ft t h pp i t
no n n ace or an e ar , o er e re c on nue on a er e a o n

m t s h d l ps d
en a d i t f wa s s f l g p i ds ft t h d s f t h f m h ld s
e , an n no a e ca e or on er o a er e e ce a e o e or er o er .

N 9
3 47 L S g ss
os 1 7 64 42 5 L dg
. f Vigi l
, a ; d 42 6 L dg
a e f D is ti
e 1 772
, , o e o an ce an , o e o cre on , .

L T d F t
3 a i t é 1 7 64 d L F e s Ch isis 1 7 8 1
en re ra e rn , an es r re o , .

4
N o s 1 63 , 1 7 69 ; 2 7 1 , 1 7 9 2 ; an d 2 7 2 , 45t h F oo t , 1 7 9 2
. .

5
. g
N o s 3 56, S t Ge or e , 1 8 2 0 3 9 5, Ca e o n a , 1 8 2 7 603 , S t A n ld i d re w , 1 8 77 an d 650 , S t Ge o r g e , 18 8 0 .

6 N os 7 3 2 , S t Ge or
. g e , 1821 an d 7 9 7 , H arm on y , 182 5 .
3 66 TH E L E S S E R A N TI L L E S , OR CA R I BBE E I S LA N D S .

t he m in 1 8 1 3 an d 1 8 1 5, t his— as a re a l dy re lat e d— w as at t e n d e d by n o o t h e r Mas o n i c re sul t

t h an t h e gran t o f a Pro vi n ci al Pat e n t t o Li e u t e n an t C o l on e l M e lville on e o f t h e o ffi ce rs o f t h e
-
,

B ri t ish garris on 1 7 59 62 ,
-
.

M A R TI N I QUE — Mas o n ry in t his m agn ifi ce n t isl an d appe ars t o h av e b e e n in t ro du ce d alm o st

, ,

as e arly as i n F ran ce i t s e l f Thus by t he G ran d Orie n t o r by t he s e v e ral G ran d B o die s w hic h

.
, ,

pre ce d e d i t w e fi n d t h e re w e re c h art e re d—La Parfai t e Uni on 1 7 3 8 S t Pi e rre d e s F rere s Un is

, , ,

1 7 60 ; La Te n d re F rat e rn i t é 1 1 7 65 ; La S i n c é ri t é d e s C oe u rs 1 7 7 7 ; Le s F rere s Ch o isis 1 7 8 1

, , ,

Le Z éle e t la Bi e n fais an ce La P arfai t e A mit i é an d La P aix (an M a ri n ) 1 7 8 6 , , ,

.

F ro m 1 7 9 4 t o 1 8 02 an d agai n 1 8 0 9 1 5 t h e isl an d w as i n t h e p o ss e ssi on o f t h e E n glish

, ,
-
,
.

D u ri n g t h e fi rs t p e ri o d a L o dg e w as e s t ablish e d u n d e r t h e G ran d Lo dge o f I re l an d— N o 69 0 .

,

i n 1 8 0 1 an d duri n g t he s e co n d an o t h e r u n d e r t h e (A t h o ll) G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d— N o 3 59 .

,

L o dge o f Ch o s e n F ri e n ds 1 8 1 3 The form e r o f t h e s e w as t ran s fe rre d t o Tri n idad 1 8 1 1 an d

, .
, ,

c an c e ll e d 1 8 58 Th e lat t e r w hi ch b ore t h e l as t n u m be r issu e d by t h e so call e d A n ci e n t s

.
,
-
,

w as c arri e d forw ard o n t h e Un i o n ro ll bu t di e d ou t b e fore t h e y e ar 1 8 3 2 , .

The l at e r L o dg e s c on s t i t u t e d by t he GO o f F ran c e w e re L H arm o n i e 1 8 03 Le s F rere s

’
.
,

Ch o isis 1 8 1 4 La C on cord e 1 8 2 0 ; an d La Bi e n fais an ce 1 8 2 1 A t t h e p re se n t t im e h o w e ve r

, , , .
, ,

accord i n g t o t h e v ari o us cal e n d ars t h e re is b u t a si n gl e L o d g e at w ork o n t h e isl an d— L Un i o n

’

, ,

S t Pi e rre — e s t abli sh e d by w arran t o f t h e (F re n ch) S C 3 3 i n

'
°
. .

M ONTS E R R A T AN D N E ms —Alt h o ugh t he e arli e st L o dg e s i n t h e We st I n die s spran g up wi t h

a l u x u ri an t gro w t h i n A n t igu a t o M o n t s e rrat b e l on gs t h e dis t i n ct i on o f h avi n g b e e n c o n s t i t u t e d
,

t he fi rs t M as o n i c Pro vin ce e i t h e r i n t h e G re at e r o r t he L e ss e r A n t ill e s This o c curre d i n 1 7 3 7 .

duri n g t he admin is t rat ion o f t h e E arl o f D arn l e y 3 an d t hirt y y e ars lat e r D e ce mb e r 2 1 7 67 , , ,

a P ro v G ran d L o dge for M o n t s e rrat an d N e vis— N o

. 1 51 — w as se t up by t h e A t h o ll (or .

A n ci e n t ) M as on s Up t o t hi s t im e h ow e v e r t h e re app e ars t o h av e b e e n n o Lo dge o n e i t h e r

.
, ,

isl an d ; bu t i n 1 7 7 7 o n e was e re c t e d— N o 507— at N e vis by t he origi n al G ran d L o dg e o f .

E n gl an d ; w hils t t h e E van ge lis t s Lo d ge e s t ablish e d at A n t igu a in 1 7 53 shift e d i t s place o f

’

, ,

m e e t i n g t o M on t s e rrat sh ort ly b e fore 1 7 8 0 Th e se t wo L o dg e s w e re con t in u e d i n t h e list s o f .

t h e o ld e r S o c i e t y un t il t he Un i on wh e n t h e y di s app e ar an d so far as my re s e arch e x t e n ds n o , , ,

o t h e rs h av e si n c e b e e n i n e xis t e n c e i n e i t h e r isl an d .

S T B AR TH OLOM E W — A Lo dge — S u d e rm an i a— u n d e r t he G ran d L o dg e o f S we d e n e xis t e d

. .
,

on t his isl an d fro m 1 7 9 7 t o 1 8 2 0 .

S T C H R I S TOPHE R or S T KI TTS — F o u r Lo dg e s w e re w arran t e d i n t his co l on y by t h e G ran d

, .

L o dge of E n gl an d i n t h e l ast ce n t ury The firs t i n 1 7 3 9 an d t h e l as t in The lat t e r .

,

di d n ot survive t h e chan ge o f n umb e rs i n 1 7 7 0 b u t all t he o t h e r Lo dg e s w e re carri e d forward ,

u n t il t h e Un i on an d o n e — t h e Clare n ce origi n ally N o 2 06— o nly dis app e are d at t he

, , .

re n umb e ri n g in 1 8 3 2 t h ou gh a Lo dg e o f t h e s am e n am e w as w arran t e d o n t h e isl an d i n t he

,

1
Am a lg
d wi t h t h fi st L dg t his list d t h t i t l L P f i t U i t l T d F t it é R é i s
am at e e r o e on un er e e a ar a e n on e a en re ra e rn un e .

L H y m (W ld Wid R gi st p 53 3 ) l t s t w L dg s— R e i d A t s d T ig m é t i — t
9
e on ne an or e e e r, . oca e o o e u n on es r e an r on o re a

M t i iq
ar whi h f m h vi g b
n ue, c st blish d t P t ( t F t ) R y l I h v ssig d t J m i
, ro a n H
een e ls giv s a e a or no or o a ,
a e a ne o a a c a. e a o e

th em naf S t h i it é
e o m g t h s f t h L dg s t M t i i q
an e n T his h w v
a I h v l t g t h f il d
on o e o e o e a ar n ue . ,
o e e r, a e a o e er a e

t t
o i t h li st s f L dg s w
race n e t d by t h G 0
o S C fF
o e arran e e . . or . . o ran ce .

P v G M —M t t —J m s W t s 1 7 3 7 E dw d D i l 1 7 64 67 ; Willi m R y 1 7 7 7 S t Chri
8 ro . . .
’
s z on se rra a e a on , ar an e ,
- a an , . s

t ph
o d N i —R Wilk s 1 7 9 8
e r an ev s . e , .

N 19 4 B s t
o s. 1 7 3 9 ; 1 2 3 Old R d 1 7 42
, as e e rre , 2 06 S dy P i t 1 7 50 d 42 8 1 7 68 , oa , , an o n , ,
an ,
.
3 68 TH E L UCA YA S , OR BA H A M A I S L A N D S .

d e p e n d e n cy i n 1 8 06 w hi ch w as surre n d e re d in 1 8 2 4 Tw o Lo dge s w e re aft e rwards e s t ab

,
.

1
lishe d by t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d b u t a e r n o w e xit n c t ,
.

TO B A Go — A S co t t ish
.
L o dg e — N o 4 8 8 — w as ere ct e d at S c arb oro ugh t h e capi t al i n 1 8 68 .
, ,
.

TR I N I D AD — A c h art e r w as gran t e d— N o 7 7 Le s F rere s Un is— by t h e G L o f P e n n syl .

, . .

v an i a i n 1 7 9 8 t o s o m e bre t hre n at P ort D E spag n e who had form e rly b e e n m e mb e rs o f a

’

, ,

Lo dg e at S t Lu ci a u n d e r a w arran t fro m F ran ce A ft e r t his i n 1 8 1 1 N o 69 0 u n d e r

,
.
, , .
,

t h e G ran d Lo dge o f I re l an d w as t ran s fe rre d fro m Mart in iqu e t o T rin id ad b u t p ass e d , ,

o u t o f e xis t e n ce i n 1 8 58 S c o tt ish M as on ry o b t ain e d a fo o t i n g i n 1 8 1 3 an d t h e re are

. ,

n ow f u
o r L o dg e s 2
i n all u n de r t h at j urisdi ct ion w hi c h form t h e p re s e n t p ro vi n c e N o 4 4 , , . .

The fi rst E n gli sh Lo dg e o n t h e isl an d h ad i t s o rigin i n 1 8 3 1 This w as fo llo w e d by fo u r .

o t h e r w arran t s fro m t h e o ld e st o f G ran d B o di e s an d al l fi v e L o dg e s are i n e xis t e n c e at t his ,

d ay 9 Tri n id ad b e cam e a p ro vi n ce u n de r t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d i n 1 8 60 b u t c e as e d t o

. ,

be on e in 1 8 7 6 .

I V TH E LUCAY AS
.
, on BAH AMA I S LAND S .

The Mas on i c hist ory b e gin s w i t h t h e app o in t m e n t o f G o v e rn or J o h n Ti n kl e r 4

of t his gro up
as P ro v G M .in 1 7 52 w ho w as su cce e d e d by J am e s B rad fo rd i n 1 7 59
. .
,
Bu t t h e y h ad .

app are n t ly n o Lo dge s t o co n t ro l n e i t h e r d o w e h e ar o f an

y h avi n g b e e n e s t ablish e d e i t h e r
,

be fore or aft e r u n d e r t h e j u risdi c t io n 5 o f w hi ch t h e y w e re t h e re p re s e n t at iv e s .

I n 1 7 8 5 h ow e v e r a w arran t fo r t h e B ah am as— N o 2 2 8 — W as issu e d by t he

, , A t h o ll .
“

G ran d L odge o f E n gl an d The Lo dge t hus e st ablish e d die d o u t b e fo re t he Un i on bu t a s e co n d

.
,

-
N o 2 42 — u n d e r t h e s am e j urisdic t i on e s t ablish e d at N ass au N e w Prov id e n ce i n 1 7 8 7 su r
.
, , , ,

v i v e d t h e c lo si n g up o f n u mb e rs i n 1 8 1 4 t h ou gh i t s vi t ali t y w as e xh aus t e d b e fore t h e re p e t i ,

t io n o f t h at p ro ce ss i n 1 8 3 2 .

A S cot t ish Lo d ge w as e re ct e d at Turk s I slan d i n 1 8 0 3 w hi c h is n o w e x t in ct b u t o t h e rs

’
, ,

form e d i n N e w Pro vid e n ce an d I n agu a i n 1 8 0 9 an d 1 8 56 re sp e ct iv e ly s t il l e xis t an d con s t it ut e , ,

P ro vi n ce N o u n d e r t h e G ran d L o dg e o f S c o t l an d
. .

L o dg e s u n d e r t he Un i t e d G ran d L o dge o f E n gl an d w e re e st ablish e d at N ass au 1 8 3 7 ; ,

Gran d Turk 1 8 55 an d H arb ou r I sl an d

, Th e s e are st ill act iv e an d t he firs t an d las t , ,

t o ge t h e r c on s t i t u t e t h e e xis t i n g P ro vi n ce o f t he B ah am as w hi ch (un d e r t his j u risdi ct ion

) ,

d at e s from 1 8 4 3 .

V THE B E R MUDA S I S L AN D S
’
. , OR S OM M E R S .

Thisgro up lik e t he B ah am as w as pro vid e d w it h a Pro v

, , . GM . l on g b e fore t h e re w e re
.

Lo d ge s for hi m t o sup e rvise A lu re d P o pple re ce iv e d a p at e n t . as suc h fro m L ord S t rat hm ore

1
N o s 7 30, S u
. ss x 1 8 2 1 e ,
an d 7 55, V i ct ori a ,
1 8 45 .

9
N os 32 2 , . U it d B th s
n e ro er , 1 8 1 3 ; 3 68 , E as t e rn S t ar, 1 8 54 ; 43 8 , A t hl o e, 1 8 64 ; an d 59 6, R o ssly 1 8 7 6 n, .

9 N os 8 56, Phi lan t hro phi c , 1 8 3 1

. 8 3 7 , Tri n t iy , 1 8 50 1 1 69 , Pi r n ce of Wal e s , 1 8 61 ; 1 2 1 3 , Ph ix 1 8 62 ; oe n , an d

v y 1 8 78
178 8 , H er e , .

4
Cf Ch p X VII p 3 8 5
. at 3 . .
, .
, no e .
5 The igi l G d L dg
or na ran o e of En gl dan .

N 2 7 5 I\ k s I sl d ; 2 9 8 U i N ss ; an d 3 72 , S t Jh I n ag u a Th fi s t P v G M J F
' ’
6 os. , 1r an ,
n on , a au o n, . e r ro . . . was . .

Co o k pp i t d N v m b 7 1 8 42
e , a o n e o e er , .

N 7 649 R y l Vi t i ; 9 3 0 F t h ;
os. ,
d 1 2 77 o a c or a , or an , i
Br t an n i a.
 M E X I CO .
3 69

i n 1 7 44 ,
an d William P o pple simil arly commissi on e d duri n g t h e admi n is t rat i on o f t h e
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m akin g a t o t al o f fo u r w hi c h re p ort di re ct t o t he G ran d Lo dge o f E n gl an d as t h e suc ce ssi o n

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o f P ro v G M s ce as e d w i t h t h e app o i n t m e n t o f W illi am P o ppl e i n 1 7 58 62

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t h e B e rmud as b e c am e a S co t t ish P ro vi n ce i n 1 8 0 3 This w as fo ll o w e d h o w e ve r by n o .

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Thre e I rish L o d ge s h ave b e e n e s t ablish e d at S t G e org e s I sl an d N o s 2 2 0 1 8 56 (w arran t , .
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t e n (e x cl u sive o f M on t e go Bay) an d t h e B ah am as w it h t w o Lo dg e s co n s t i t ut e t h e E n glish

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t o t h e app oi n t m e n t o f his su cce ss or M r J C M acglash an i n 1 8 8 6 migh t b e s aid t o h av e , . .

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b e e n i n a con di t i on o f susp e n d e d an im at ion The re m ai n i n g W e s t I n di an Lo dg e s ( 1 7) u n d e r .

t his j urisdi ct io n are i n di re c t c o mm u n i cat i on w i t h Lon d on .

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Th e S co t t ish Pro vi n c e s are fi ve i n n umb e r N o s 3 2 W e s t I n dia I sl an ds— G re n ad a 3 ; , .

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M nxrc o .

The ll d S cot t ish R it e w as in t ro d u ce d in t o M e x i co—t h e n t h e prin cipal co l on y of

so - ca e
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S p ain — by c ivil an d mili t ary offi c e rs o f t h e M o n arc hy ab o u t t he y e ar 1 8 1 0 A ft e r t his .

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L o dg e s w e re e re ct e d by t h e Gran d L o dg e o f Lo uisi an a at Ve ra C ruz an d C amp e achy i n 1 8 1 6

an d 1 8 1 7 re sp e ct i v e ly! an d t h e e x ampl e t h u s se t w as fo llo w e d by t h e Gran d L o dge o f P e n n

sylv an i a u n d e r w hi ch b o dy a L o dge w as e s t ablish e d at A lvarad o i n

, A p e ri o d o f
c o n fusio n n e x t e n su e d duri n g whi c h M as o n ry an d p o li t i c s w e re so c l o s e ly i n t e rwo ve n as t o
,

re n d e r qui t e h o p e l e ss an
y at t e mp t at t h e i r s e p arat e t re at m e n t .

S oon t he e n t ire p o pulat i on of t h e co un t ry b e cam e divid e d i n t o t w o fac t i on s t he E scoceses ,

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or M h 20 a on o o e , se e e re e a so n , arc , 18 8 6 ( p .

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i n s t it u t i o n s an d t h e e xpulsi o n o f t h e o ld or n at iv e S p an i ards
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.

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u n d e r t h e an c i e n t re g i m e had t i t l e s o f n o bili t y ; t h e C at h olic cl e rgy w i t h o u t e x c e p t i on ;

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m an y mili t ary o ffi c e rs ; t og e t h e r w i t h all t h e n at iv e S p an i ards o f e v e ry cl ass .

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an d t h e re fo re o rg an is e d a ri v al ,

fact i on o n w hi ch t h e y b e st o w e d t h e n am e o f Y ork i n o s t he m e mb e rs o f whi ch w e re supp o s e d

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t o b e adh e re n t s o f t he Y o rk R i t e .

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i n c e pt i on are prob ably righ t t h o ugh at t his p o i n t t he fact s d o n o t st an d o u t w i t h t he cl e ar

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n e ss t h at migh t he w is h e d an d t h e re fore d e du c t i on s are o f sligh t v al u e

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M ack e y i n forms u s t h at au t h o rit y w as ob t ain e d in 1 8 2 5 fro m t h e Gran d Lo dg e of N e w

Y o rk for t h e e s t ablishm e n t o f t hre e Lo dge s i n t h e c i t y o f M e xi c o Th e s e Lo dge s ac c o rdin g .
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t o t h e s am e wri t e r w e re form e d i n t o a G ran d Lo dge o f t h e Y ork R it e by M r J oe l R P o i n s e t t

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.

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1 8 1 5 n o fore ign Lo dg e s h av e b e e n w arran t e d by t h e G ran d L o dge o f N e w Y ork

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Bu t h o w .

e v e r e s t ablish e d t h e so c all e d Y o rk R i t e or in o t h e r w o rds p u re E n glish M as on ry fl o u rish e d

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an d t o w ards t h e e n d o f 1 8 2 6 t h e re w e re 2 5 L o dge s w i t h a m e mb e rship o f ab o u t 7 00 The , .

E s c o c e s e s or S co t s M as o n s fi n di n g t h e ir L o d g e s d e s e rt e d re gard e d t he Y ork i n os as re n e
,
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g ad e s an d t rai t ors an d w i t h a vi e w t o cou n t e rb alan ce t h e fast i n cre asin g p o w e r of t he l at t e r

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t h e y fo rm e d t he N o ve n ari os a ki n d o f milit i a w hi ch d e riv e d i t s n am e fro m a re gu l at i on

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re q u i ri n g e ac h m e mb e r t o e hl i st n in e addi t i on al adh e re n t s Th e s e i n g rat i at e d t h e ms e lve s .

w i t h t h e cl e rgy w ho aft e r h avi n g b e e n t h e m o s t e mbi t t e re d e n e mi e s o f t he C raft i n p as t

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y e ars n o w j o in e d t h e E s coce s e s alm o s t i n a b o dy

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.

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i n g t h e ir o w n Lo dge s up on t h e pl an o f re ce ivin g all appli can t s w i t h o ut di s t in ct ion pro vid e d ,

t h e y b e l o n ge d t o t h e f e d e ral t e t h e p at ri ot i c p art y Thus t h e sys t e m o f M as on ry v e ry s o on

,
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d e g e n e rat e d i n t o a m e re p art y qu e st i on an d at last all t h e adh e re n t s of on e sid e st yle d t h e m ,

s e lv e s E s co c e s e s an d o f t he ot h e r sid e Y ork in os I n 1 8 2 8 t h e t w o p art i e s re s ort e d t o o p e n

, ,
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w arfare w i t h a vi e w t o d e cidin g t h e qu e s t io n at issu e by t h e sw o rd an d t he c ivil w ar t h e n

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c o mm e n c e d l as t e d fo r m o re t h an a g e n e rat i o n .

S o m e w h e re ab o u t t his t im e w hils t D r Vin c e n t s Gu e rre ro—G M u n d e r t he Y ork R it e

,

. .
,

w as P re sid e n t o f t he R e publ i c a law w as e n act e d by w hi ch all Maso n i c L o dge s w e re c l o s e d

, .

The Y o rk i n o s o b e y e d t h e ir Gran d M as t e r an d di s co n t in u e d t h e i r m e e t in gs The E s co ce s e s , .

w e n t o n w o rki n g b u t s o m e o f t h e ir m o s t i n fl u e n t i al Lo dge s w e re suppre ss e d an d t he

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m e mb e rs b an ish e d S ubs e qu e n t ly all n at ive S p an i ards w e re e xp e ll e d fro m Me xican

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t e rrit ory .

This i n t e rn e c in e st rife s e ri o usly affe ct e d t h e F rat e rn i t y i n ge n e ral an d gave bi rt h duri n g , ,

t h e d ark e s t h o urs o f t he s t ruggl e for s u pre m ac y t o an o rgan is at ion c alle d t he N at i on al ,

M e xi c an R i t e form e d by M ason s an d comp o s e d o f dis t in guish e d m e n bu t con t ain in g i n n o

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1 Gran dS e cre t ar y , Ne w York , in a l e t te r d t d M h 30

a e arc ,
188 6 .
 D . M UR R A Y LY O N ,

GR A N D S E C R E TA R Y , G R AN D L OD GE . S C OTLA N D .

Thomas C J ac k Lo d o
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372 M E X I CO .

fri e n dly p act ,

as it l e ft e ac h ri t e i n d e p e n d e n t o f t h e o t h e r w i t h re gard t o ri t u al an d i n t e rn al
go v e rn m e n t I n 1 8 7 0 t h e
. N at io n al R i t e n u mb e re d t hirt y t wo L o dge s an d t he A an d A S R
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t w e n t y fo ur -
.

I t w o uld s e e m as i f t h e au t h ori t y o f Ju are z al o n e h e ld t h e s e ri t e s t o g e t h e r si n c e at his ,

d e at h i n 1 8 7 2 — al t h o ugh h e w as su cce e d e d as P re sid e n t by his chi e f fo ll o w e r S e b as t ian L e rdo ,

d e Te j e d a als o a p ro mi n e n t F re e m as o n — diss e n si on s aro s e an d t h e y fe ll asu n de r A l fre d o

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Ch av e ro b e co mi n g G M of t he G ran d Orie n t an d J osé M ari a M at e o s o f t h e N at ion al Gran d

. .
,

Lo dge I n 1 8 7 6 a L o dge o f G e rman s l e ft t he G O an d j o i n e d t h e N at ion al Gran d L o dg e b u t

. .
,

i n t he fo ll o w i n g y e ar w i t h t h e co n s e n t o f t he l at t e r affi li at e d w it h t he G ran d Lo dg e o f
, ,

H ambu rg— u n d e r w hi c h b o dy t h e re is als o ( 1 8 8 6) an o t h e r Lo dge at w ork i n V e ra C ruz .

F ro m t h e s can t y i n form at io n at my disp o s al i t s e e ms p ro b abl e — m ore can n ot b e s aid— t h at

t he t wo ri t e s ag ain fo rm e d a j u n ct io n ab ou t 1 8 8 2 ; w hils t o n t h e o t h e r h an d i t is quit e po s , ,

sible t h at t h e N at io n al M e xi c an R i t e m ay s t ill e xis t t h o ugh i t s proce e di n gs are un re cord e d , .

S o far i n d e e d as e vid e n c e is fort h c omi n g up on t he re e s t ablishm e n t o f p e ace an d o rde r i n

, , ,
-

Me xi co t he Lo dg e s u n d e r t he j urisdi c t io n o f t h e S upre m e C o u n cil t h ro ugh o ut t h e R e publi c

,

org an is e d S t at e G ran d L o dg e s A C e n t ral G ran d L o dge was e s t ablish e d i n t he c api t al w i t h

.
,

j u risdict io n o ve r t h e m an d t h ough t he S upre m e C o u n cil m ad e n o fo rm al abdi cat i o n o f i t s

,

au t h o ri t y o v e r S ymb o lism t his w as i n t e rfe re d w i t h v e ry li t t l e

, s av e by t he C e n t ral Gran d ,

L odg e I n 1 8 8 3 t h e re w e re t h e fo ll o wi n g S t at e Gran d Lo dg e s — V e ra C ruz an d J ali s e o e ach

.
,

wi t h s e v e n Lodg e s Pu e bl a Y u cat an an d Gu an aj u at o w i t h six ; an d More l o s an d Tlax cala

, , , ,

w i t h fi v e ; t hus m aki n g a t o t al o f s e v e n G ran d an d fo rt y t wo sub ordi n at e L o dg e s e x clusiv e o f -

,

t h e C e n t ral G ran d L o dge an d t he m e t rop oli t an L o dg e s .

I t w ill b e s e e n t h at at t his p e rio d t h e re e xis t e d at V e ra C ruz a S t at e G ran d Lo dg e b u t ,

fro m t h e fac t t h at i t w as sub ordi n at e t o t h e C e n t ral G ran d Lo dge i t was n o t d e e m e d by t he ,

G ran d L o dg e o f C olo n t o e x e rc is e l e gi t im at e au t h ori t y o v e r S ymb olism i n t h at S t at e I n d e e d ,

t h e w h o l e o f M e xi co w as re g ard e d by t h e l as t n am e d b o dy as u n occu pi e d t e rrit ory an d i t

-
,

t h e re fore p ro c e e d e d t o ch art e r t h re e Lo dge s w hi c h i n J an u ary 1 8 8 3 form e d t h e ms e lv e s at t he

, ,

c i t y o f Ve ra C ruz i n t o t he M e xi can I n d e p e n d e n t S ymb oli c G ran d L o dg e

, .

T w o o f t h e L o dge s t aki n g p art i n t his m ov e m e n t h ad origin ally h e ld M e xi c an w arran t s bu t ,

h avi n g qu arre ll e d w i t h t h e ir sup e ri ors s oli c i t e d an d ob t ain e d ch art e rs fro m t he G L o f C ol on

, . .

(n ow C o l o n an d Cub a) sh ort ly aft e r w hi ch t he t hi rd L odg e w as form e d an d t h e n fi n ally the

, , , ,

Gran d Lo dg e alt h o ugh t he S up re m e C o u n c il o f Me xi co had form ally prot e s t e d again st t he

,

i n v asion o f i t s t e rri t ory I n d e e d t h e s t e p t hus t ak e n by t h e ir fo rm e r sup e riors app e ars

.

rat h e r t o h av e acc e l e rat e d t h e ac t i o n o f t h e t h re e L o dg e s as i n t h e re cord o f t h e i r ro

p ,

c e e d i n gs i t is s t at e d t h at t h e y h as t e n t o c o n s t i t u t e t h e ms e lv e s i n t o an I n d e p e n d e n t G ran d
“
,

L odge p e n di n g t he p rot e s t o f t he S up re m e C ou n c il o f M e xi co, t o re lie v e t h e i r fri e n d an d

,

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m ot h e r t he G ran d L o dg e o f C o l on fro m an y furt h e r u n ple as an t c o mpli cat i on s !
, ,

The S up re m e C o u n c il o f Me x i co i n a B alus t re n umb e re d X XX an d d at e d A p ril 2 5 1 8 8 3

, .
, , ,

re n o u n ce d i t s j uris d i c t i on o v e r t h e symb o li c al d e g re e s an d p ro mulg at e d a v ari e t y of re gul a ,

t i o n s w it h re g ard t o G ran d an d sub ordi n at e L o dg e s This t hre w t h e C raft i n t o t he u t m o s t

.

c o n fusi o n an d m igh t h av e e n d e d i n t h e d e s t ru c t i o n o f t h e gre at e r n u mb e r o f M e xi c an L o dg e s

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o r at l e as t i n t h e e s t ablishm e n t o f s o m e h al f d o z e n G ran d B o di e s al l c laimi n g s u pre m ac y had , ,

i t n o t b e e n for t he skill an d ad d re ss o f C arl o s P ach e co who su cce e d e d A l fre d o Ch av e ro as ,

S o v G Co m
. . .
 CE N TR A L A III E R I CA .
37 3

The form e r B alust re w as re v o k e d an d by a n e w on e d at e d M ay 2 7 1 8 8 3 t he , , ,

S up re m e C o u n c il re n o u n ce d i n fav o u r o f t he S t at e G ran d L o dg e s t h e n e xist i n g or w hi ch

,
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might aft e rwards b e form e d t h e j u risdi c t i on ov e r S ym b oli sm co n fe rre d up on i t by t h e C on st i
,

t u t i on s o f t he A an d A S R .
Th e t ran smissi o n o f p o we rs w as t o t ak e e ffe ct fro m Jun e 2 4
. . .

t h e n e n sui n g The L o dg e s h avi n g n o G ran d Lo dge w e re t o re m ai n u n d e r t h e j urisdi ct io n o f

.

t he G ran d L o dg e n e are s t t o t h e m o r t h e o ld e s t i f t w o w e re e qui dis t an t u n t il t h e y organ is e d

,
-
,

t h e ir o wn i n acco rd an ce wit h M as on i c us ag e an d p re ce d e n t The L o dg e s o f t h e F e d e ral .

D ist ri ct h ow e v e r w e re di re ct e d t o form an d i n au g u rat e t h e i r G ran d L o dg e on Ju n e 1 5 t h e n

, ,

fo ll o wi n g B alus t re X XX I I w as sig n e d (i n t e r ali os) by C arl o s P ach e co Mari an o E s cob e d o

. .
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A l fre d o Ch av e ro an d P o rfi ri o D i az ,
.

On Ju n e 2 5 1 8 8 3 t we lv e L o dg e s at t h e capi t al m e t an d e s t ablish e d t h e Gran d L o dge o f

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t he F e d e ral D is t ri c t (or c it y ) o f M e xi co wi t h P o rfi ri o D iaz as t h e fi rs t G M Th e e v e n t w as , . .

an n o un ce d t o t h e M as o n i c w orld i n t wo c i rc ul ars t h e fi rs t o f w hi c h is i n S p an ish — an imm e n s e ,

d o cum e n t o f 1 8 0 p ag e s ! The s e con d is i n E n glish an d i t s on ly n ot i ce able fe at u re is a ,

d e cl arat i on t h at t h e A m e ri can sys t e m o f S t at e G ran d L o dg e s e ac h w it h e x c lusiv e j u risdi c t i on , ,

h as b e e n ad op t e d Gran d L o dg e s h av e si n ce b e e n e s t ablish e d on t h e s am e pl an
. i n con
formit y w i t h t h e e di ct o f t h e S up re m e C o u n c il as p ro mulg at e d i n B alust re XXX I I — i n t h e , .

S t at e s o f Ve ra C ruz Tl ax cal a M ore l o s Pu e bl a C amp e achy an d L o w e r C ali fo rn i a

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compli cat i on s h o w e v e r alre ady e xist i n g i n t he R e publi c w e re s t ill furt h e r i n cre as e d i n 1 8 8 3

, , ,

by t h e act ion o f t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f Miss o u ri i n gran t in g a ch art e r t o t h e To lt e c Lo dg e i n t he , ,

c i t y o f M e xi co w hi c h h ad b e e n p ro visi on ally e s t ablish e d at t h e c l o s e o f t h e p re vi o us y e ar

,

u n d e r a disp e n s at i on fro m t h e Gran d M ast e r .

A s t h e s e sh e e t s are p assi n g t h ro ugh t he p re ss I l e arn t h at t h e re cogn it i on o f t h e G ran d ,

Lo dge o f whi ch P orfi ri o D i az b e cam e t h e h e ad by t he Gran d L o dge s o f L o uisi an a an d F lorid a , ,

w as d u ly pro t e s t e d ag ai n s t by C arl o s P ach e co S o v G Co m an d C arl o s K R uiz t h e l at t e r , . . . .

,

o f w h o m cl aim e d t o b e hims e lf t h e l e gi t im at e G M I t w o uld app e ar fro m L a Gr an Logi a a

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b u ll e t in publish e d by s o m e m e mb e rs o f t h e R uiz Gran d L o dge an d d e n o mi n at e d t h e ir o ffic i al ,

o rgan t h at o n t h e s am e d ay at t h e s am e h o ur an d i n t h e s am e h all w h e n an d w h e re t he
, , , ,

D iaz Gran d L o dge w as org an is e d an d i n s t all e d t h e o t h e r b o dy was o rgan is e d als o Th e re , .

w as t his di ffe re n ce h o w e v e r t h at w h e re as t he D i az p art y t ran s act e d t he i r affairs wi t hi n t he

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b o dy o f t he L o dge t h e su pp ort e rs o f R uiz w e re re du ce d t o t he n e ce ssi t y of at t e n di n g t o t he i rs

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i n t he an t e ro o m— t he l at t e r b re t h re n h avi n g w i t hd raw n fro m t h e origi n al co n v e n t i on whils t

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i t w as b e in g o rg an is e d bu t n o t l e avi n g t he buildin g i n t h e v e s t ibul e o f whi ch t h e y aft e rw ards

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c o n du c t e d t h e i r o wn p roce e di n gs 1
.

C E NTR AL A M E R I CA .

N I CARA GUA —The L o dg e o f R e gul arit y — N o 3 00 —

. S t Jo h n s H all Bl ack R ive r M osqui t o .
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S h ore w as e s t ablish e d u n de r t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d i n 1 7 63 an d re m ai n e d o n t h e roll

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un t il 1 8 1 3 Th e Mo squit o C oast or M osq u i t i a is an ill d e fi n e d t e rri t ory o f C e n t ral A m e ri ca

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w hi ch w as u n d e r B rit ish p ro t e c t i o n fro m 1 660 t o 1 8 59 wh e n i t was ce d e d t o H o n duras In

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Aut or e Z i t g N 2 5 1 8 66 F m s s M g zi 1 8 65 pt i pp
a on c a en ar re au re r e un , o .
, re e a on
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62 1 8 3 ; H
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an uc , o . .
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p 2 5 ; M k y p 500 P G L L isi
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ro c . . . ou an a, , .
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374 CE N TR A L A M E R I CA .

1 8 60 i t was h an d e d o v e r t o N i c aragu a an d i n 1 8 7 7 app e ars t o h av e b e e n cl aim e d by N e w ,

Gran ad a Lo d g e s at
. G re y t o w n M o squit o w e re e re c t e d by t he G ran d L o dge o f S co t lan d i n
, ,

1 8 51 an d 1 8 8 2 Th e s e are i n clud e d i n t he J am ai ca Pro vin ce a p ract i ce fi rs t c arri e d o u t

.
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u n d e r t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f E n glan d by t h e au t h ori t y o f w hi c h b o dy Th o m as M arri o t P e rki n s

, ,

w ho w as app o i n t e d P ro v G M o f t he M o squ i t o S h ore by Lo rd A b e rd o ur ci rca 1 7 62 h ad his

. . .
,

au t h ori t y e x t e n d e d o v e r J am ai c a i n t h e s am e o r fo ll o w i n g y e ar by E arl F e rre rs .

B R ITI S H H ON DUR A S — Th e L o d g e o f A mi t y— N o 3 09 — S t G e org e s Qu ay Bay o f H o n d u ras

. .
’

, ,

w as als o w arran t e d i n 1 7 63 by t h e G ran d L o d ge o f E n gl an d an d lik e t h e e arlie r L o dge o n , ,

t he M o squi t o S h o re co n t in u e d t o app e ar o n t h e lis t s u n t il t h e Un io n

,
S ubs e qu e n t E n glish .

w arran t s w e re gran t e d i n 1 8 2 0 t o t he B ri t ish C on s t i t ut i on al Lo dg e N o 7 2 3 Bay o f H o n duras ; .

,

an d i n 1 8 3 1 t o t h e R o y al S uss e x N o 8 60 B e liz e B ot h t h e se L o dg e s h o w e v e r w e re e rase d

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,
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Jun e 4 1 8 62 , .

C OS TA R I CA — A L o dg e w as ch art e re d at S an J ose by t h e G ran d Ori e n t of N e w G ran ad a ,

ab o u t t h e y e ar 1 8 67 ; an d acc ordi n g t o t h e M as o n i c C al e n d ars , a G ran d Ori e n t an d S u p re me

,

°
C ou n cil 3 3 for C e n t ral A m e ri ca w as e s t ablish e d at t h e sam e t o w n i n 1 8 7 0 D r F ran cis co .

C alvo w as at t he h e ad o f b o t h b o di e s an d app e ars t o h av e b e e n suc c e e d e d i n 1 8 7 9 or sh ort ly

, ,

b e fore by C arlo s Uri e n The p re s e n t G M an d S ov G Co m is M an u e l B B on i lla an d t h e re

, . . . . . . .
,

are t w e n t y t h re e L o d ge s u n d e r t he j u risdi c t i o n o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t

-
.

G UA TE M A LA —A L odge — C o n st an c e — was e s t abli sh e d i n t his re publi c i n 1 8 8 1 by t he

.
,

G ran d Ori e n t Of C olo mbi a at C art h age n a I n 1 8 8 6 t h e m e mb e rs divid e d t h e ms e lv e s am on g .

t h re e n e w L o d g e s I g u ald ad Lib e rt ad an d F rat e rni d ad— N o s 2 1 2 3 o n t h e roll o f t he

, , ,
.
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G ran d Ori e n t o f C e n t ral A m e rica ( C o st a R i ca) i n s t all e d M ay 2 2 1 8 8 6 whi ch adh e re t o , , ,

t he A an d A S R — an d Un i on — o f u n ce rt ai n p are n t age — w hi ch is all e g e d t o w ork i n

. . . .

ac cord an ce w i t h t h e Y o rk R it e Th e l ast n am e d L o d g e has p rob ably re c e iv e d an A m e ri c an

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.
-

or G e rm an c h art e r as a l arg e n umb e r o f i t s m e mb e rs are co mp o s e d of t h e s e n at i o n ali t i e s

,
.

A t t h e p re s e n t t im e t h e re are ab o u t 2 00 M as o n s i n t he R e public of Guat e m al a o f ,

w h o m ab o u t a m o i e t y re sid e at t h e capi t al an d t h e re m ai n d e r are dis t ribu t e d t h rough o u t ,

t h e d e p art m e n t s .

S A N S A LVA DOR — M as o n ry o b t ai n e d a fo o t i n g an d t h e C raft fl o urish e d for a t im e i n t his

S t at e bu t i n 1 8 8 2 t he L o dge s w e re c l o s e d an d t he m e mb e rs disp e rs e d
,
I n t h at y e ar .
,

h o we v e r s o m e z e al o us M as on s supp ort e d by t he t h e n P re sid e n t o f t h e R e publi c— R afae l

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Zaldivar— su cce e d e d i n re u n i t in g t he s cat t e re d b re t h re n an d fo u n di n g a L o d ge E x celsior , .

,

N o 1 7 w as e s t ablish e d by ch art e r o f t h e GO o f C e n t ral A m e ri ca ( Co st a R i ca) at S an S alvad or

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t h e capit al M arch 5 1 8 8 2 an d a li t t l e l at e r an o t h e r L o dge — N o 1 8 C arid ad y C o n s t an ci a

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.
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u n d e r t h e s am e s an ct io n at Te cl a a n e ighb o uri n g t o wn, ,

.

Wit h re gard t o H ON DURA S I h av e n o in form at ion b e y on d t he b are fact t h at in 1 8 8 5 t he

, ,

G M of N e w Y ork d e clin e d t o gran t a disp e n s at ion for a Lo dg e i n t he re publi c

. . S h ou ld .
,

h ow e v e r an y L o dg e s e xist t h e re or i n t he o t h e r t e rri t orie s of t h e ist hmus pre vio usly refe rre d
, ,

t o (b e y on d t h o s e t h at h av e b e e n e n u m e rat e d) t h e y w ill i n allp rob abil i t y p ro v e t o b e o ffsh oo t s , , ,

o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f C e n t ral A m e ri ca at C OS TA R I CA .

The lat e s t d e t ails i n t h e p re ce d i n g sk e t c h are d e riv e d fro m t h e Cha i m D Un i on 1

’
.

F ro m t h e s am e s ou rce I t ran s crib e t h e fo ll owi n g re m arks on t h e c on di t ion s u n d e r whi ch t h e

1 P isar , Oc t o b re 1 8 8 6, p . 42 2 .
37 6 VE N E Z UE L A — COL OJL
I BI A .

st at e d t h at t h e re w as i n e xist e n ce a G ran d Ori e n t o f C o lo mbi a at B og ot a i n N e w Gran ad a

, ,

sh ort ly aft e r t he t im e w h e n t he t wo L o dg e s w e re e s t ablish e d at A n g o s t u ra u n d e r B ri t ish ,

w arran t s .

The e x act d at e o f form at io n o f t his b o dy i t is n o t e asy t o d e t e rmi n e On e o f t h e t wo .

G ran d Ori e n t s o f w h at was fo rm e rly N e w G ran ad a bu t is n ow C o lo mbi a an d w hi ch m e e t s , ,

at B o g o t a c l aims 1 8 2 7 as i t s y e ar o f o rigi n
, ; w hil e t h e re is i n de p e n d e n t e vi d e n ce o f t h e
e x e rc is e o f au t h ori t y i n P e ru by a G ran d Ori e n t o f C o lo mbi a at B o g o t a i n 1 8 2 5
, On t he , .

wh ol e t h e e xplan at io n w hi ch s e e ms t o m e t h e m o st re ason able is t h at t he Gran d Ori e n t

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o f 1 8 2 7 w as p re ce d e d by a S u re m e Cou n ci l arm e d w i t h o r at al l e ve n t s e x e rcisi n g t he s am e

, p , , , ,

au t h o ri t y as t he H yd ra h e ad e d org an is at i o n o f l at e r d at e ?
-

VE N E ZUE LA M ason ry is said t o h av e b e e n i n t ro du ce d i n t o Ve n e zu e la at t he co mm e n ce m e n t

.
-

o f t he p re s e n t ce n t u ry w h e n a L o dg e w as e st ablish e d by t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f S p ai n

,
S e v e ral .

o t h e r L o dg e s are als o re p ort e d t o h av e sp ru n g i n t o e xist e n c e u n d e r t he s am e au t h orit y .

The e x e rcis e o f j urisdi ct ion by t he G ran d L o dg e s Of E n gl an d an d S c o t l an d i n 1 8 2 4 w it hi n ,

w h at w as t h e n t he R e public o f C o lo mbia h as alre ady b e e n re fe rre d t o ,

I n 1 8 2 5 J o s e ph .
,

C e rn e au who p re sid e d o ve r a b o dy whi ch h e h ad se t up at N e w Y ork i n 1 8 1 2 u n d e r t h e t it le

, ,

of S o v e re ig n G ran d C o n sis t ory o f t h e Un i t e d S t at e s o f A m e ri ca form e d at C araccas a Gran d ,

L odg e an d a S upre m e C o u n c il o f t h e A an d A S R This m ay h av e b orn e t h e t i t l e o f an d

. . . .
,

d o ubt le ss has o ft e n b e e n con fo u n d e d w i t h t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f C olo mbi a i n t he sis t e r S t at e

,

( N e w G ran ad a) I n 1 8 2 7 S im on B o liv ar t h e Lib e rat or h avi n g prohibi t e d all s e cre t s o ci e t ie s

.
, , , ,

t he Lo dg e s w i t h t h e e x ce p t i o n o f o n e at P ort o C ab e ll o susp e n d e d t h e ir l ab o urs

,
I n 18 31 , .
,

Ve n e zu e l a h avi n g b e co m e i n d e p e n d e n t by t h e dis rup t i on o f t h e C o lo mbian R e publi c a dis ,

pe n sat i on t o h o ld a L o dg e fo r a y e ar w as o b t ai n e d fro m ce rt ai n dign i t ari e s o f t h e e x t in ct

Gran d L o dge i n t h e ir cap ac i t y as m e mb e rs o f t h e 3 3 d or high e st d e gre e o f t he A an d
, .

by a fe w b re t h re n i n t h e h o p e t h at w i t hi n t h at p e ri o d t h e y w o uld b e abl e t o p ro cu re a ch art e r

,

fro m s o m e fore ig n G ran d L o dge Th e ir e ffort s h o w e v e r w e re u n succe ss ful

.
,
The L o dge w as
,
.

susp e n d e d an d for s e v e ral y e ars t h e C raft l an guish e d Bu t i n 1 8 3 8 a re vival t oo k place

,
. .

The L o dge l as t re fe rre d t o re n e w e d i t s l ab o u rs t h e o ld L o dge s w e re re sus cit at e d an d a , ,

N at i on al G ran d L o dg e o f Ve n e zu e la w as e s t ablish e d: Ch art e rs w e re issu e d t o t h e o ld Lo dg e s ,

an d n e w o n e s w e re e re ct e d I n c on j u n ct i o n w i t h t he high e s t m e mb e rs o f t he A an d A S R
. . . . .

i t e s t ablish e d a sup re m e l e gisl at iv e b o dy u n d e r t he n am e o f G ran d Orie n t an d als o con

, ,

st i t u t e d a G ran d L o dge on t h e roll o f w hi ch t h e re app e ar t o h av e b e e n 1 6 act iv e an d 3 6

,

d orman t L o dge s i n 1 8 60 A t t his t im e — bu t t he d e t ails of i t s form at i on I am u n able t o

.

s u pply— an ot h e r Gran d Ori e n t was i n t h e fi e ld an d e ach b o dy pl ace d t he ot h e r u n d e r a ban , .

On J an u ary 1 2 1 8 65 h o w e ve r a fusi on w as e ffe c t e d an d t he N at i on al G ran d Ori e n t o f

, , , ,

Ve n e zue l a e s t ablish e d at C araccas A b re ach o cc urre d i n . b u t t h e s chism was again

h e al e d i n 1 8 8 4 The G ran d Ori e n t is divid e d i n t o a G ran d Lo dg e G ran d Ch ap t e r G ran d
.
, ,

C on sist ory an d a S u p re m e C o un cil e ach h avi n g i t s o wn chi e f an d p o ss e ssi n g e n t ire au t h orit y

, , ,

o v e r i t s o w n d e g re e s The p re s e n t C M o f t he G ran d Ori e n t ( 1 8 8 6) is G e n e ral J oaquin

. . .

Cre sp o Pre sid e n t o f t h e R e publi c an d t h e re are ab ou t fift y Lo dg e s on t he ro ll o f t he Gran d

, ,

Lo d ge Bu t n o t hi n g h as ye t o c c u rre d t o o us t t he j u risdic t i on o f t h e Gran d L o dg e o f S co t

.

lan d w hi ch is s t ill re p re s e n t e d by t he Pro vin ci al Gran d L o dg e o f Guay an a i n Ve n e zu e l a

,
“
,

an d t he L o dg e E as t e rn S t ar o f C o lo mbi a fo u n d e d i n 1 8 2 4
“
.
,

C OLOM BI A (ROR M E RLY N E W G R A NADA) —The G ran d Ori e n t o f N e w Gran ad a was form e d at
.
 E C UA D OR — P E R U .
377

C art h ag e n a J u n e 1 9 1 8 3 3 I n 1 8 60 t h e re w e re 1 9 Lo dge s On i t s roll— am o n g t h e m La M as

,
.

S o lid a V i rt u d at Jam ai ca ,
F ran cis co d e Z u bi ri as w as G ran d M ast e r i n 1 8 65 an d J u an
.
,

Man ue l G rau i n 1 8 7 1 F o u r ye ars lat e r— accordi n g t o t he s o m e wh at fragm e n t ary e v ide n c e

.

at my disp o s al— t h e l at t e r app e ars t o h av e giv e n w a

y t o o r t o h av e b e e n sup e rs e d e d by J u an , ,

N P o mb o w h o s e n am e is sh o wn i n t he cal e n d ars as G M fro m 1 8 7 5 t o 1 8 7 8

.
, I n 18 79 . . .
,

h o w e ve r t he n am e o f Ju an M Grau agai n figu re s i n t he lis t s whils t t h at o f Ju an N Po mbo

, .
, .

dis app e ars F ull d e t ails are giv e n i n t h e cal e n d ars w i t h re gard t o t h e Mas on i c dig ni t ari e s o f
.

C o lo mbia d urin g t he supre m ac y o f e it h e r ; an d as G rau is n o t me n t i on e d w hils t P o mb o w as

upp e rm o st an d ri ce e e rsei i t is p robabl e — con sid e ri n g t he m an n e r i n whi ch M as on ry an d
, ,

p o li t i c s are bl e n d e d t og e t h e r i n t h e S p an ish R e publi c s— t h at t h e y w e re rival can di dat e s for

p o w e r i n m ore w ays t h an on e .

N e w C on st it ut io n s s e e m t o h av e b e e n e n act e d i n 1 8 63 an d aft e r t his a n e w G ran d Ori e n t ,

o f C o lo mbi a w as form e d at B o g o t a for t h e S o u t h e rn S t at e s o f t he R e publi c Th e ordi n an ce s .

we re d e fi n it e ly s e t t le d D e ce mb e r 1 2 1 8 66 A t t his d at e t h e Lo dge s w e re fi ve i n n umbe r an d , .

,

t h e G ran d M as t e r G e n e ral T C d e M o squ e ra— who h o w e v e r had giv e n pl ace i n 1 8 7 1 t o

,
.
, , ,

Juan d e D i o s R i o m alo .

The t w o G ran d Ori e n t s p ract is e t h e so c all e d S cot s R it e (A an d an d app e ar t o -

.

h av e w ork e d t og e t h e r i n p e rfe ct h arm on y I n 1 8 7 9 we fi n d Ju an M Grau at t he h e ad o f . .

b o t h w i t h t he t i t le o f S ov G Co m an d S ublim e G M of t he Ord e r The S e cre t ary G e n e ral

, . . . . . .

(or G ran d S e cre t ary) w as als o for a t ime t he s am e for t he t w o b o di e s t h ough t h e re was al ways ,

a s e p arat e Li e u t G Co m (or . at C art h ag e n a an d B o go t a

. . I n 1 8 8 3 L e on E ch e ve rria .
,

w as e l e ct e d C M o f t he Ord e r an o ffi ce w hi ch he co n t in u e s t o h o ld acco rdin g t o t he C ale n dars

. .
, ,

o f 1 8 8 6 w h e re h o w e v e r his n am e is als o sh ow n as S o v G C o m o f t he S up re m e C o u n cil at

, , ,
. . .

B og ot a fo u n d e d i n w hils t t h at o f Ju an M Grau is simil arly sh o wn as t he h e ad o f t he

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.
,

S up re m e C ou n cil o f C art h ag e n a fo u n d e d i n A n E n glish L o dge — A mist ad Un id a

,
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,

N o 8 08 — e s t ablish e d i n 1 8 4 8 s t ill e xist s at S an t a M art h a

. Ot h e r fore ig n j uris di ct i on s w e re
,
.

form e rly re pre s e n t e d Le s P hi lad e lph e s N O 1 51 w as e re ct e d at C o lon A spi n w all by t he

.
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, .
,
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S C o f F ran ce i n 1 8 58 an d t he I s t hm u s Lo dg e by t he Gran d L o dg e Of Mass achus e t t s i n (or

.
,

b e fore ) 1 8 66 B ot h t h e s e Lo dge s h o w e v e r h av e ce as e d t o e xist

.
, , .

E C UA DOR — Mas o nry w as i n t ro d u ce d i n t o t his R e p u bli c i n t he y e ar 1 8 57 by t h e Gran d

Orie n t o f P e ru whi ch organ is e d L o dg e s i n Gu ay aquil an d Quit o
,
Thre e y e ars lat e r t he .

D ict at or G arc i a M ore n o s o u gh t admissi on in t o t h e F rat e rn i t y

, ,
H i s appli cat i o n w as re fus e d .

on acco u n t o f his n ot ori o usly i mm oral c h aract e r ; an d i n re v e n g e h e call e d i n t h e J e suit s an d ,

ru t hl e ssly suppre ss e d t he L o dg e s H e w as ass assi n at e d i n 1 8 7 5 bu t t w e lv e m o n t hs e l aps e d

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,

b e fore t he p op ulat i on w e re able t o sh ak e o ff t h e o ppre ssiv e y ok e o f t he p ri e st h oo d R um o urs .

o f a Gran d L o dg e at Gu ay aquil h av e o b t ai n e d c u rre n c y b u t t h e e vid e n ce is w an t i n g by wh i c h ,

1
a ol n e t h e y can b e subs t an t i at e d .

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y e ar 1 8 07 durin g t h e F re n ch in v asi on an d t h at s e v e ral L o dg e s w e re at w ork un t il t he re su m p

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t i o n o f S p an ish aut h ori t y an d o f P ap al in flu e n c e i n 1 8 1 3 w h e n t h e ir e xist e n ce t e rmi n at e d , .

Bu t t he au t h e n t i c hist ory o f P e ruvi an M as on ry c an n ot b e t rac e d an y high e r t h an 1 8 2 5 w h e n ,

t h e i n d e p e n d e n ce o f t he R e publi c d e cl are d i n 1 8 2 0 w as co mpl e t e ly achi e v e d I n t h at y e ar

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A u t h o rit i e s —Ve n e z u e la Co l o m bi a n d E cu ad o r z—L au ri e 1 8 59 p 406 ; H an db u ch vol iv p 3 3 ; Lat o m i a
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vo l. xxvi p .
, . 1 2 2 ; M ac k y pp
e , . 1 54, 2 40, 8 54 ; an d World -Wid e Re gist e r, pp . 549 -551 . Cf post ,
. p . 379
 37 8 PE R U .

G e n e ral V ale ro a m e mb e r o f t he G ran d Ori e n t o f C ol o mbia at S an t a F é d e B o g o t a (N e w

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Gran ad a) visi t e d Lim a an d as t h e re p re s e n t at i v e o f t h at b o dy p ro ce e d e d i n t h e first i n st an ce

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t o l e git im at e t h e Lo dg e s an d C h ap t e rs w hi ch had al re ady b e e n e s t ablish e d i n t h e n e w

R e p u bli c an d aft e rw ards t o fo u n d an d o rgan is e o t h e rs
,
A t t his t im e t h e re app e ar t o h av e .

b e e n fo u r Lo dge s at t he capi t al an d n i n e ot h e rs w e re s o on aft e r e re ct e d i n t he p ro vi n cial ,

t o wn s 1 .

A S u p re m e C o u n c il o f t he A an d A S R 3 3 w as i n s t i t ut e d at Li m a i n 1 8 3 0 by t h e
°
. . . .

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s e n i or (local) m e mb e r o f t he R it e J o s e Maria M on s o n R o m an C at h oli c Ch apl ai n i n t h e A rmy , ,

o f I n d e p e n d e n ce an d aft e rw ards a C an on i n t h e C at h e d ral o f Truj ill o

, I n t h e fo ll o w i n g y e ar .

— Jun e 2 3 — d e pu t i e s fro m t h e S u p re m e C o u n cil t he C o n sis t ory t he A re op agus

an d t he Ch ap t e rs t o g e t h e r w i t h t he Mas t e rs an d Ward e n s o f t h e Lo dge s ass e mbl e d i n ,

t he c api t al u n d e r t he p re sid e n cy o f t h e S o v G Co m o f t he S C an d e s t abli sh e d a G ran d . . .

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L o dg e wit h Th o m as R iple y E ld re dge as G M Th e c on s t i t u t i o n s w e re s e t t l e d o n A u gust 1 1

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e n t i re ce ssat i o n o f M as o n i c l ab o u r .

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u n t il N ov e mb e r 1 1 8 48 w h e n a G e n e ral con v e n t i o n o f M as o n s w as h e ld an d t he G ran d

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go v e rn m e n t of t he L odg e s M arsh al Migu e l S an R o m an —aft e rwards P re side n t o f t he

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R e p u bli c— w as G M o f t his G ran d Ori e n t u n t il 1 8 52 b u t t h e S u p re m e C o u n cil 3 3 n o t o n ly

°
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h e ld al o o f fro m i t s p roce e di n gs bu t app are n t ly ig n ore d e v e n i t s e xis t e n ce , .

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supre m acy A t t his m e e t in g t w e n t y fi ve b re t h re n re pre s e n t e d t he S upre m e C o u n cil Con

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si st ory A re o p agus an d t he R o s e C ro i x Ch ap t e rs
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Warde n s of t hre e Lo dg e s— Ord e n y Li b e rt ad an d E st re lla P ol ar o f Lim a ; an d C on cordi a , ,

Un iv e rs al o f C all ao Of t h e s e t he fi rs t n am e d w as fo u n d e d i n 1 8 2 2 t h e s e con d (by t h e G O

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o v e r w hi ch M arsh al S an R o m an p re sid e d) i n 1 8 50 52 an d t he t hird (by t he S up re m e C o u n c il -

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of P e ru) i n 1 8 52 .

I n t he s am e y e ar ( 1 8 52 ) a R oy al Arch Ch ap t e r— E s t re ll a B ore al— N O 7 4 o n t he roll o f .

t he Gran d Ch ap t e r o f S co t l an d w as e st ablish e d at C allao This h o w e v e r w as n o t re co gni se d

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by t h e S upre m e C o u n cil o f Pe ru n or w as i t allo we d a vo ice in t h e d e li b e rat ion s o f t he G ran d ,

N at ion al Ori e n t .

I n 1 8 55 a n e w Lo dge u n d e r an old t it l e — Vi rt ud y Un i on — was e re ct e d at Lima by

ch art e r o f t he S upre m e C o u n c il

N e w s t at u t e s w e re p ro mulgat e d by t he G ran d Ori e n t M ay 5 1 8 56 Th e s e we re v e ry , .

d e fe ct ive con sist i n g o n ly of so m e disj o in t e d e x t ract s fro m t he l aw s o f t he G O o f Ve n e zu e la

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an d plac e d t h e go v e rn m e n t o f t he F rat e rn i t y e n t ire ly i n t h e h an ds o f t h e S up re m e C o u n c il

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er o e e re a o or e a ou e a e e n re u a, ru o,

Cajam arca , P u n o, an d H u a ma ch u co sp t iv ly b t t h i m s d d t s f st i t t i h v p s d t f ll t i
re ec e , u e r na e an a e o co n u on a e as e ou o re co ec on .
38 0 CH I L E .

L o dg e —A u rora d u Chile—is s aid t o h av e b e e n e s t ablish e d u n d e r t h e sam e san ct i on at Con

ce pc i o n an d t o h av e subs e qu e n t ly assu m e d t h e n am e o f F rat e rn id ad b u t I h av e b e e n u n abl e
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w as ch art e re d by t h e C D o f P e ru b u t t he w arran t w as re t u rn e d in t h e y e ar
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ne , , , ,

o rigi n fro m t h e G ran d L o dg e o f M ass ac hus e t t s t h e fi rst i n 1 8 53 an d t h e l as t t w o i n 1 8 58 , ,

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C opi ap o in t h e fi rs t i n st an ce an d aft e rwards at C alde ra The Lo d ge o f 1 8 53 — B e t h e sda— is

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s t ill at w ork b u t t h o se e st ablish e d i n 1 8 58 — S o u t h e rn C ro ss an d H i ram— b e cam e e x t in ct

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ab o u t 1 8 60 an d 1 8 8 1 re sp e ct iv e ly .

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au t h ori t y a L o dge c all e d Ord e n y Lib e rt ad i n C o pi ap o w hi c h fort h w i t h add re ss e d c irc ul ars t o ,

t h e o t h e r Lo dge s i n Chile aski n g for re c o g n i t i o n This t h e y d e c lin e d t o ac cord b asi n g t h e ir .

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re fus al o n t he g ro u n d t h at t h e fo u n d e r o f t he n e w L o dg e b e l o n ge d t o a spu ri o us an d irre g u lar

S up re m e C o u n cil an d h ad b e e n e xp e ll e d fro m t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f P e ru ; als o t h at i t was

n o t w i t hi n t h e p o w e r o f e v e n a reg u l a r I n sp e ct o r G e n e ral 3 3
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t o e s t ablish a L o dg e as i t .

w e re si n gl e h an d e d o r i n o t h e r w ords w it h o ut t he s an ct io n o f a S up re m e C o u n cil o f t he
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form ally e ras e d fro m t h e roll o f t h e G O o f F ran ce by d e cre e d at e d N o v e mb e r 1 0 1 8 63 .

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t h e m i n formi n g a G ran d Lo dg e b u t t h e ir re qu e st m e t w it h a re fus al,

N o t hi ng d aun t e d t h e y .
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t h e n i n o rd e r t o o b t ai n a qu orum o f L o dge s form e d a t hi rd c all e d P rogre s o b u t t o whi ch n o

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c h art e r w as giv e n .

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fro m Ord e n y Lib e rt ad o f C o pi ap o t h e v e ry s am e Lo dge t o w hi ch re c o gn it i on h ad b e e n

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re fu s e d i n t h e p re vi o us y e ar The d e l e gat e s h o w e v e r w e re re ce iv e d an d t hus fo ur Lo dg e s

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co mbi n e d t o form t h e G ran d L o dg e o f Chil e .

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t h at y e ar— an n o u n ce d i n t e rn al p ro sp e ri t y an d goo d p ro sp e ct s ; t h e c on s e crat i on o f t wo n e w

L o dg e s ; l arg e con t ribu t i on s by t h e C raft for t he e re ct i on of a M ason i c Te mpl e at Valp araiso ; 1
an d a s at is fact ory e xpl an at i o n o f t h e ac t i on o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f M ass achus e t t s i n h e r

e s t ablishm e n t o f L o dg e s i n t h e j urisdict i o n The G ran d L o dge o f Chi l e h ad t h e n n i n e .

sub ordin at e L o dge s Th e i r s t re n gt h is n o t giv e n b u t i n t he p re vi o us y e ar t h e re w e re s e v e n

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ro ll h as si n ce ris e n t o e l e v e n an d t h e G ran d M as t e r at t he p re s e n t d at e ( 1 8 8 6) is D o n J o sé
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. w hi ch ac cordi n g t o . . . .
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 A R GE N TI N E R E P UBL I C .
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j urisdict io n s are n um e ro usly re p re s e n t e d The Gran d L o dg e o f M ass achus e tt s has

F o re ig n .

t wo Lo dge s— B e t h e sd a 1 8 53 an d A co n cagua 1 8 69 — at t he capit al b e sid e s H u e l e n 1 8 7 6 i n

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a D is t ri ct D e pu t y G ran d M as t e r t h e R e v D avid Trumbull D D Un d e r t h e Gran d L odge ,

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o f S c o t l an d t h e re are N os 509 S t ar an d This t l e Valp arais o 1 8 7 1 an d 61 6 S t J oh n

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o f E n gl an d an d H amburg h av e e ac h c h art e re d a sin gl e L o dge N o 1 4 1 1 H arm on y 1 8 7 2 , .

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e xi st in g u n d e r t h e j urisdi c t i on o f t h e form e r an d L o dg e L e ssi n g un d e r t h at o f t he l at t e r , .

B ot h o f t h e s e m e e t at Valp araiso The Lo dge o f e arli e st d at e i n t he co u n t ry L E t oile d a .

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o f La Pl at a o r A rge n t i n e R e publi c o f whi ch i t c on s t i t u t e s t he h e ad

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—N o 2 05 S o ut h e rn S t ar— w as c h art e re d at t he ci t y of Bu e n o s A y re s by t h e G ran d Lo dg e

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t h e t rade o f t h e R e publi c has al ways e x e rc is e d a p re p o n de rat in g i n flu e n ce in t he form at ion

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e x ampl e t hus se t w as fo ll ow e d by t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d u n d e r w h o s e au t h ori t y t he

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first o f a s e ri e s o f L o dg e s 2 — i n w h at is n o w t he C on fe d e racy— was e re ct e d i n 1 8 53 In .

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an d Gran d Ori e n t o f t he A rg e n t i n e R e publ i c w as e s t ablish e d at Bu e n o s A y re s by t he S C .

an d GO o f Urugu ay at M on t e V id e o
.
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le n gt h of d e clarin g t he m arri age con t ract disso lv e d an d abs o lvi n g t he w ife a u i u cu lo m atri ,

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i n t e mp oral au t h orit y as t he Bish o p w as i n spirit u al app e al e d fro m his d e cre e t o his ,

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A u t h o ri t i e s z—P roc s
Ma s , F re e m as on s M ag p L at om a, vol i xxvi p
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1 . C L . . 1 8 66-8 6 ,1 8 65, pt . . 282 ; . .
, . 130 ;
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38 2 P A R A G UA Y .

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t o b ow t o t h e b e h e s t s o f t he Bish o p t h at du ri ng a s oj o u rn at M o n t e V id e o i n 1 8 1 6 t h e , , ,

v e n e rable P o n t i ff— t h e n a y o u n g m an — re ce iv e d t he d e g re e s an d t o ok up on hi ms e lf t h e ,

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T his s t o ry h as n o w p ass e d i n t o o blivi o n b u t i t s s ali e n t fe at u re — t he in i t i at i on o f Pius ,

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s ce n e is n o t al ways l aid i n S o u t h A m e ri ca bu t shi ft s fro m Urugu ay t o P e n n sylvan i a an d , ,

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imm e di at e p re d e ce ss or Cle m e n t X I I ,
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Ori e n t o f t h e A rg e n t i n e R e publi c This e mp o w e re d t h e form e r t o e s t ablish L o dge s i n La
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Plat a an d t o app o i n t a dist ri ct G M t o rul e o v e r t h e m

, The R e v J Chubb F ord p re sid e d
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o v e r t h e E n glish D is t ri c t G ran d L o dg e u n t il 1 8 67 wh e n h e w as su cc e e d e d by M r R B ,
. .

M ase fi e ld .

A b o u t t he y e ar 1 8 7 7 t he i n v ari abl e re b e lli o n o f t he L o dg e s agai n s t t h e d omi n at i o n o f t he

,

S up re m e C o u n cil w hi ch is al ways m e t w i t h i n t he his t ori e s o f G ran d Ori e n t s o ccurre d ,

i n B u e n o s A yre s Th e re app e ars t o h av e b e e n b o t h a p ro t e s t an d s e c e ssi on bu t wi t h o ut

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an d 60 i n 1 8 8 6 The G ran d M as t e r w ho h as h e ld o ffi c e fo r s e v e ral y e ars an d w as

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pre vio usly t h e G ran d S e cre t ary is D r M an u e l H L an g e n h e im F ore ign j u risdi ct i on s are
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re p re s e n t e d by fo u r L o dg e s u n d e r t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d ; by t w o u n d e r t h e G ran d

Ori e n t Of I t aly ; an d by o n e e ach u n d e r t h e G ran d Ori e n t of F ran ce an d t h e G ran d L o dge Of

H amburg Wi t h t h e e x ce p t i on o f t w o (E n glish) Lo dge s all t h e s e m e e t at Bue n o s A yre s
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The F re n ch L o dg e w as e s t ablish e d in 1 8 52 an d has al re ady b e e n re fe rre d t o Te u t on i a , .

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u n d e r t he G ran d Lo dg e o f H ambu rg app e ars t o b e o f E n glish o rigi n as a Lo dge o f t he , ,

s am e n am e w orkin g i n t he G e rm an l an gu age was e s t ablish e d at t he capi t al by t he Gran d

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PAR A GUAY — Wh e n t his co u n t ry proclaim e d i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce o f S p ai n t h e re i n s o f
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g ov e rn m e n t w e re s e iz e d by D r F ran ci a a w e ll m e an i n g d e sp ot who duri n g his lon g ad m i n i ,

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st rat i o n c arrie d i n t o e ffe c t his id e as o f a dv an ci n g t h e m at e ri al i n t e re s t s o f t h e s t at e by

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shut t i n g i t Off fro m all c omm u n i cat i o n w it h t he o u t e r w orld Un d e r his go v e rn m e n t Paragu ay .

w as for a l on g p e ri o d as e ffe c t u ally c l o s e d as J ap an h ad b e e n b e fore i t The s am e e x c lusiv e .

p oli cy t h ou gh w i t h o ut carryi n g i t qui t e so far w as p u rsue d by his su cce ssor D o n C arlo s

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A n t on io Lo p e z The lat t e r w as fo ll o w e d i n t urn by his son D on F ran cis c o S ol an o L op e z

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w ho s e act io n i n v o lve d t he coun t ry i n t h e dis ast ro us w ar o f 1 8 64 7 0 wi t h Brazil Urug u ay -

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i n t o t h re e p art s an d t h e s e by t h e ir d e pu t i e s form e d t he firs t G ran d Ori e n t of B razil The
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m o de rn F re n ch rit e o f s e v e n d e gre e s was ad o p t e d or rat h e r con t i n u e d whi ch t og e t h e r w i t h , , ,

t h e t radit i o n al an ce s t ry o f t h e origi n al Lo dge w ill acco u n t for t he sp e e dy re cogn i t i o n o f t h e ,

n e w o rg an is at i o n by t h e G O o f F ran ce I nt he s am e y e ar D o m P e d ro R e g e n t an d aft e rw ards

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E mp e ror o f B razil w as i n i t i at e d i n on e o f t h e t hre e Lo dge s

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by hi s b e i n g p ro claim e d G ran d M ast e r bu t s oon c on vin ci n g hims e l f t h at t h e M as oni c ,

ass oci at i o n s w e re i n al l b u t n am e m e re p o lit i cal e at e ri es h e o rd e re d t h e i r m e e t i n gs t o b e ,

disco n t in u e d i n 1 8 2 2 .

I n t he fo llo wi n g y e ar— N o v e mb e r 1 7— Le B o u cli e r d e lH on n e u r F ran cais was e re ct e d at ’

R i o Jan e iro by t he GO o f F ran ce bu t t h e re is n o re as on t o supp o s e t h at i t e n j oy e d an y

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be t t e r fat e t h an b e fe l t h e L o dg e s of e arli e r dat e all o f w hi ch re mai n e d i n an e n force d t ran ce ,

u n t il t he d e part ur e for E u rop e o f t he E m p e ror Dom Pe d ro i n 1 8 3 1 .

A ft e r t h e abdi cat i o n o f t h at m o n arc h a Gran d B razili an Ori e n t w as e s t abli sh e d whi ch “

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le d t o t he re vival o f t h e o ld e r (o r origin al
) G ran d Orie n t o f B razil u n d e r i t s first C M ,
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,

Jo s e Bon e faci o d e A n d rada e S ilv a P o li t i cal e n mit i e s s oo n m ade t h e ir p re se n ce fe lt The . .

Gran d Ori e n t o f 1 8 2 1 w as d e sp ot i c an d t h at o f 1 8 3 1 d e m ocrat i c B ot h w orke d t he mo de rn , .

F re n c h R it e b u t e ac h an at h e m at is e d an d hurl e d d e fi an ce at t he o t h e r
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I n 1 8 3 2 M o n t e zum a Vi s co un t J e q u i t in hon ha w h o h ad s e rv e d as amb assado r at s e v e ral

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B e lgiu m t o e s t abli sh a b ran c h o f t he A an d A S R A ccordi n gly i n N o v e mb e r 1 8 3 2 he . . . .

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proce e d e d t o in st it ut e a S u pre m e C ou n cil 3 3 for B razil The riv al ry o f t his n e w b o dy pu t .

t he t wo Gran d Ori e n t s o n t he ir m e t t l e Th e y at o n ce co mm e n ce d t o w arran t Ch ap t e rs an d .

C on sis t ori e s an d e n d e d by e ac h e re ct i n g a S upre m e C o un cil I n 1 8 3 5 h ow e v e r furt h e r

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c o mpli cat i o n s aro s e D iss e n sion s o ccurre d am on g t h e con st it u e n t s o f S up re m e C o un c il

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No 1 . S o m e o f t h e s e cas t i n t h e ir lo t w it h t h e C C o f B razil an d e le ct e d A n drad a e S ilva

. . .
,

t h e ir S ov G C o m ; an o t h e r s e ct i on e re ct e d a S u pre m e C o un c il o f i t s o wn
. . . w hils t
t he re m ai n d e r c on t in u e d s t e ad fas t i n t h e ir alle gian ce t o t h e ir fo un d e r M o n t e zum a A t t his , .

p e rio d t h e re fore t h e re w e re i n act ive e xis t e n ce t w o Gran d Ori e n t s an d fo ur S up re m e C o u n c ils

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.

I n t h e s am e y e ar ( 1 8 3 5) t he fi rs t o f a s e ri e s o f L o dg e s i n t h e E mpire w as c h art e re d by t he
Gran d L o dge of E n glan d 1 an d t he p e ace o f t he C raft w as mu ch h arass e d by p oli t i cal di st urb
,

an ce s i n t he P ro vin ce o f P ara — t he las t i n B razil t o d e cl are i t s in d e pe n d e n ce o f t h e m ot h e r

co u n t ry an d ack n o w l e dg e t h e au t h o ri t y o f t h e fi rst E mp e ro r A ccordi n g t o a re ce n t writ e r at .
,

t his t im e t h e n at iv e p art y i n Para w e re mu c h e nrage d wit h t he P ort ugu e s e Th e re w as a .

se ri o us re v o lt an d t h e form e r i n an e vil h o u r calle d t o t h e ir aid t he ign oran t an d fan at i c

,

m on g re l an d I n dian p o pulat i on The cry o f de at h t o t he P ort u gu e s e w as s o o n ch an ge d t o

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t h at o f d e at h t o t h e F re e m as on s t h e n a p o w e rfully organ is e d s oc i e t y e mb raci n g t he gre at e r

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p art o f t he m al e w hit e i n h abit an t s 2 .

I n 1 8 3 8 Vis co u n t A lbuque rqu e succe e d e d A n drad a e S ilv a as G M o f t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f . .

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B razil (CD N o an d w as fo llo w e d i n 1 8 50 by t h e M arquis d A bran t e s
. . M e an whil e i n .
,

1 8 42 t h e Gran d B razili an Ori e n t (G O N o 2 ) had o p e n ly re j e ct e d t he M o d e rn F re n c h R it e

, . . .
,

an d t ran s fe rre d i t s alle gi an ce t o t he A an d A S R This i n t u rn had b e e n fo ll o we d by a . . . .

1
N os . 61 6, Or ph an , 1 8 3 5, an d 7 03 , S t Jh o n, 1 8 41 , R i o J an e ro i (erase d M arch 5, an d 9 7 0, ne w 67 2 ,
S ou t h e rn Cro ss ,
1 8 56, P e rn am b u co .

2
H . W . Bat e s , T h e N a t u ra lis t on t he R iv er Am a z s on , 1 8 63 , p . 39 .
 BR A Z I L .
33 5

j un ct i on b e t w e e n t h e G ran d Brazili an Ori e n t an d S up re m e C o u n c il N o 2 Thus o n ly t h re e . .

dist in ct an d se p arat e org an is at i o n s w e re le ft i n t h e fi e ld viz t h e t w o G ran d Ori e n t s e ac h ,

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wi t h a S u pre m e C o u n cil an d t he Origi n al S upre m e C o u n ci l (N O 1 ) u n d e r M on t e zum a

, . .

A lis t o f B razili an L o dg e s n umb e re d i n con s e c u t iv e o rd e r fro m 1 t o 1 3 0 is giv e n i n t h e

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World Wi d e R eg i st e r fo r 1 8 60 I n t he y e ar l ast n am e d— S e pt e mb e r 3 0— G ran d Ori e n t N O 2

. .

an d S upre m e C o u n c il N o 1 w e re diss olv e d an d supp re ss e d by I mp e ri al d e cre e

. This l e ft t he .

o ld e r (or o rigin al) G O o f B razil i n p o ss e ssi on o f t h e fi e ld

. . N o t h o w e v e r for an y l o n g p e rio d .
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I n 1 8 63 t h e re w as furt h e r s t ri fe an d t h e G ran d Orie n t split i n t o t w o p art s e ach o f w hi ch

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b e cam e p opularly k n o wn by t he n am e o f t h e st re e t i n w hi ch i t ass e mble d On e b o dy t h e .

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GO o f Lavradio Valle y c h o s e as i t s G M B aron C ay ru w ho w as fo llo w e d by D r J oachim

.
, . .
,

Marc e lli n o d e B ri t o i n 1 8 65 an d by t he V is con d e d o R i o B ran co i n 1 8 7 0

,
The o t h e r .

m o i e t y t he C D o f B e n e di ct i n e V all e y e le ct e d D r J oachim S ald an h a Marin h o t o pre side

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,

o ve r t h e m .

I n 1 8 7 2 t h e s chism w as app are n t ly h e al e d by t h e ami cabl e fusi o n o f t h e t w o G ran d

Ori e n t s bu t wi t hin a y e ar diss e n sion s agai n brok e ou t an d w i t h un di mi ni sh e d vi rul e n ce
, , ,

e ac h o f t he t wo o pp o n e n t s o n ce m o re s e e ki n g re c o g n i t i o n as t he l e gi t im at e G ran d Ori e n t

o f B razil .

The Lavrad i o s w e re again array e d u n d e r t he s t an d ard Of R io B ran co P rim e Mi n is t e r o f ,

t h e E mpire ; whils t t h e Be n e di ct i n o s re n e w e d t h e i r fe al t y t o S ald an h a M ari n h o a form e r ,

Mi n is t e r of S t at e an d t he h e ad o f t he Lib e ral p art y

, Th e v ari o us Lo dg e s t h ro ugh o ut t h e
.

c o un t ry o n ce m o re divid e d t h e i r all e gi an ce so m e adh e ri n g t o t he L av radi o fact i on bu t t he

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l arge r n umb e r e n ro lli n g t h e ms e lv e s on t h e sid e o f t h e Be n e di ct i n os .

The dis cord pass e d t h ro ugh sun d ry ph as e s I n t he firs t i n s t an c e an d t o go b ack b e y on d

.
,

t he t e mp orary fusi on o f 1 8 7 2 t he t wo G ran d Ori e n t s re fl e ct e d p re t t y acc urat e ly t h e p re vaili n g

,

o pi n i on s o f t h e riv al p art i e s i n t h e S t at e I n co urs e o f t im e i t b e cam e a re co g n is e d fact t h at

.

t h e Lavrad i os w e re supp o rt e rs o f t he c l e ri cal aut h ori t y whils t t h e Be n e d i ct i n os o n t he o t h e r, ,

h an d e v e ry wh e re d e n o un ce d t he e vils o f pri e st craft an d Ult ramon t an ism A t t his p e rio d t he

, .

c l e rgy e n t e re d full y i n t o t h e fray On o n e p art y t h e y b e s t o w e d high p rais e ; o n t he o t h e r

.

t h e y lavish e d t e rms o f o pp ro b rium The Lavrad i o s h o w e ve r u n de r t he b e n ig n an t rul e o f R i o

.
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B ran co gradu ally gre w l e ss big ot e d an d illib e ral i n t h e i r i d e as an d i n 1 8 7 3 t we n t y t hre e o f

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t h e ir L o dge s w e n t o ve r t o t he e n e my This e x ampl e w as qui ckly follo w e d by fi ft e e n o t h e rs

. .

I t is p rob abl e t h at t h e s e ce ssi o n j us t re fe rre d t o w as als o i n s om e m e asu re t h e re sult o f pro

c e e di n s w hi c h i t b e c o m e s my n e x t t ask t o re l at e
g .

The J e suit s d riv e n fro m m o s t o f t he E uro p e an co u n t r

, i e s s e le ct e d Braz il as a fi e ld for ,

t h e ir e n t e rp ris e F or a l on g t im e t h e Chu rc h an d t h e F re e m as on s h ad li v e d i n p e ace au d

.
,

t h e p o pulat io n o f P e rn ambu co w as always re co gn is e d as t h e t yp e o f Chris t ian pi e t y Bu t t he .

Bish o p o f t h at dio c e s e — a y ou n g m on k ag e d t w e n t y t h re e — at t he biddin g o f t he J e suit s

,
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at t e mp t e d t o e n force t h e P ap al B u ll ag ai n s t t h e F re e m as on s The p re l at e had co u n t e d on t he .

supp ort o f t he p e o pl e b u t his high h an d e d m e asure s t u rn e d t he t id e of p op ular fe e lin g

,
-
.

The Bish o p w as m o bb e d i n hi s o w n p al ace an d t h e milit ary had t o b e calle d i n t o ,

p ro t e ct hi m .

E v e n t u ally t he G o v e rn m e n t i n t e rfe re d an d t h e Bish op disd aini n g t o av ail o f t he locus

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p a u i t e u t i oe w hi c h h ad b e e n d e vis e d for him w as s e n t e n ce d t o fo u r y e ars impris on m e n t

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A rc hbisho p o f B ahi a an d t he Bish o ps o f Oli n d a P ara Ri o Jame iro D ram an t i n a an d M ari ann a
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 38 6 G UI A N A .

are a ls o s aid — i n vi ol at io n o f t h e o rd e rs o f t h e ir G o v e rn m e n t — t o h ave hurl e d t h e i r an at h e m as

ag ai n s t t he C raft .

The fi c kl e p o pul ace t h e n t u rn e d o n ce m o re agai n s t t he F re e m as on s w h o su ffe re d mu ch at ,

t h e h an ds o f t he m ob an d w e re re fus e d t h e s acram e n t s o f t h e Church an d bu ri al for t h e ir

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d e ad i n c on s e crat e d gro u n d by t he c l e rgy The Be n e d i c t i n os n e v e rt h e l e ss h e ld t h e ir o w n an d

, . ,

e sp e ci ally dis t i n g u ish e d t h e ms e lv e s i n t h e sp re ad o f lib e ral id e as A m on g t h e m e asure s t h e y .

e n e rg e t i c ally supp ort e d w e re ac t s fo r t h e ab oli t i on o f sl av e ry an d fo r t h e fo u n d at i o n o f publi c

librari e s I n s t ru ct ive l e c t ure s m ore o v e r w e re d e liv e re d fro m t im e t o t i m e by m e mb e rs

.
, ,

o f t his p art y M e an w hil e t h e Lavrad i os h ad grad u ally sh ak e n o ff t h e y ok e o f t h e i r c le ric al

.

al li e s by w h o m t h e y w e re ult im at e ly re gard e d wit h t h e s am e av e rsi on as t h e ir riv als an d i n

, ,

1 8 7 7 t h e re w e re at t e mp t s at a fusi on A t t his t im e t h e Be n e di c t i n o s un d e r S aldan h a Marin h o .

n umb e re d 2 1 6 an d t he Lavrad i o s u n d e r R i o B ran c o 56 Lo dg e s

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S i x y e ars l at e r—J an u ary 1 8 1 8 8 3 — t h e u n i on w as p e rfe ct e d an d F ran cis co J o sé C ard o s o , ,

p rocl aim e d G M an d S ov G Com o f t he (s o l e ) Gran d Ori e n t o f B razil Thre e ri t e s are

. . . . . .

re co gn is e d by t his b o dy— t h e A an d A S R t h e M o d e rn F re n ch an d t h e A d o n hiram i t e

. . . .

ri t e s E ac h o f t h e s e is g o v e rn e d by a Ch amb e r o f t h e G O w hi c h is s t yl e d a G ran d Lo dg e
. . .
,
.

I n 1 8 8 3 t h e re w e re 1 3 9 L o dge s 4 8 o f t h e s e m e e t i n g at t he c it y o f R i o J an e iro an d 9 1 in t he , ,

p ro vin ce s A t t he p re s e n t d at e (1 8 8 6) t h e t ot al n umb e r o f Lo dg e s u n d e r t h e G0 is 2 1 0
. . .

F o re ign j urisdi c t io n s (o r Gran d Lo dg e s) are re p re s e n t e d by t he fo ll o w in g L o dg e s — E N GLAN D :

N o 9 7 0 S o u t h e rn C ro ss P e rn amb u c o 1 8 56 ; S C OTLAN D N o 4 7 3 P rogre ss o R i o G ran d e 1 8 67
.
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an d H A M BURG : o f t h e P alm o f P e ace Blum e n au 1 8 8 5 A m o n g t h e L o dg e s form e rly e xist in g , , . ,

bu t n o w e x t in c t m ay b e n am e d Le B ou cli e r d e lH o n n e u r F ran cais R i o J an e i ro 1 8 2 3 ( C D o f

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F ran c e ) ; N o 3 7 8 M aran h am 1 8 56 ( Gran d Lo dge o f I re l an d ) ; an d G e rm an F rie n d

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,

ship o f t h e S o u t h e rn C ro ss origin ally t w o B razili an Lo dge s whi ch am algam at e d i n 1 8 56 , , ,

an d fo u n d a pl ace o n t h e ro ll o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f H ambu rg in

G UI ANA .

I m us t d e v ot e a fe w word s t o t he re gi on si t u at e d n ort h o f Brazil and e ast o f Ve n e

n ow

z u e la w hi ch forms t h e
, on ly re m ai n i n g p o rt i on o f t h e S o u t h e rn C on t in e n t s t ill h e ld by
E u rop e an P o w e rs Gui an a or Gu ay an a i n i t s w id e st se n s e ce rt ainly e mbrace s t h e w h o le o f
.
, , ,

t h e S ie rra P arim e t hus i n cludin g dist ri ct s b e l on gi n g t o V e n e zu e l a an d Brazil; b u t t he t e rm

,

is n o w ge n e rally re st ri ct e d t o t h e c o lon i al p o ss e ssi on s o f E n glan d F ran ce an d H o llan d i n t his , ,

p art Of t he w orld .

BR ITI S H G UI A N A — Two Lo dg e s are k n own t o h av e b e e n i n e xist e n ce at t he capit al G e orge ,

t ow n or D e m e rara i n t he l as t ce n t u ry The fi rst —S t J e an d e la R e Uni on — w as e s t ablish e d

, .
-

by t he Gran d Lo dge of H o llan d i n 1 7 7 1 an d t h e s e con d N o 8 8 7 o n t h e roll o f t he Gran d , , .

,

Lo dge o f I re lan d app are n t ly v e ry s oo n aft e r t h e ce ssi on o f a p ort i on o f Guian a— n ow fo rmi n g

,

t h e B ri t ish C o l o n y Of t h at n am e — i n 1 7 9 6 Thre e y e ars l at e r a D u t ch L o dg e b e ari n g t he .

,

h i t i s — M k y p 1 2 5 F i d l p 69 6 ; N w E gl d F m s
1
Au t or e l i 1 8 7 4 pp 2 7 2 8 7 [gi i g t h
ac e , . n e , . e n an re e a on , vo . .
, ,
.
, v n e

ad m i bl sp h m d by V is d d R i B
ra e eec i ply t t h t t k F m s y i t h S t f B zil] ;
a e co n e o o ran co n re o e a ac on re e a on r n e ena e o ra

B l t im d G
o e d O U id d B zil 1 8 72 ; H db h v ls i p 1 2 7 ; ii i p 554 ; iv p 2 0 ; P G L
o ran e r n o o ra , an uc ,
o . .
, . .
,
. .
, . roc. . .

C d 1 8 73 7 4 pp 47 7 49 5 67 1 ; L t m i
an a a, - l xxiii pp 63 2 2 6 ;
, . d C m C l 1 8 8 6 p 2 78
, ,
a o a, vo . .
, .
, an oe . a .
, . .
38 8 NE W S O UTH WA L E S .

t o t he g o v e rn m e n t o f N e w S o u t h Wale s an d t he fo llow i n g are t he d at e s on whi ch t h e form e r ,

c o l on i e s b e cam e i n d e p e n d e n t o f t h e l at t e r — Tasm an i a 1 8 2 5 We st e rn A ust rali a 1 8 2 9 ; , ,

S o u t h A u s t ralia 1 8 3 4 N e w Z e al an d 1 8 41 V i ct ori a 1 8 51 ; an d Qu e e n sl an d 1 8 59
, , , , .

N E W S OUTH WA LE S — Th e Lo dge o f S oci al an d Milit ary V irt u e s — N o 2 2 7 o n t he roll o f .

t h e G ran d L o dg e o f I re l an d— at t ach e d t o t he 46t h F o ot i n 1 7 52 aft e r u n d e rgoi n g m an y ,

vi cissi t ud e s w as at w ork i n t h e s am e re gim e n t at S yd n e y i n 1 8 1 6 This p av e d t h e w ay for

, .

t h e e st ablishm e n t o f s t at i o n ary Lo dg e s an d I rish w arran t s w e re issu e d t o N o s 2 60 A us t ralian ,

.
,

S oci al i n 1 8 2 0 an d 2 66 L e i n s t e r i n 1 8 2 4
, ,
The t hird (s t ri ct ly c o l o n i al) L o dg e N o 8 2 0
, , . ,
.
,

A us t rali a w as e re ct e d by t he G ran d L o dge o f E n gl an d i n 1 8 2 8

,
The l as t n am e d as w e ll as . ,

t h e I rish L o dg e s m e t at S yd n e y t h e capi t al,

Th e fi rs t e s t ablish e d i n an y o t h e r p art o f t he
, .

'

C o lon y w as N o 668 S t J o h n con st i t u t e d at Param at t a i n 1 8 3 8 an d t he s e con d N 0 69 7 t h e

.
, , , ,
.
,

Lo dg e of A ust rali a F e lix at M e lb o u rn e — t h e n i n clud e d i n t he g ov e rn m e n t o f N e w S o u t h

,

Wal e s — i n 1 8 4 1 A n I rish Lo dg e — N o 2 7 5— Was e re ct e d at Wi n ds o r i n 1 8 43 an d i n t he

. .
,

s ame y e ar N o 4 08 A ust ral asi an Kil wi n n i n g at M e lb o u rn e re ce iv e d a Ch art e r fro m t he

, .
, , ,

G ran d L odge o f S cot l an d .

F ro m t his p o i n t t h e s t at is t i c s w ill b e giv e n accordin g t o t he j urisdi ct i on s re p re s e n t e d .

Thus t h e n umb e r o f Lo dg e s e s t ablish e d i n t he C o l on y du ri n g t h e t w o d e ce n n i al p e ri o ds

,

n e x t e n sui n g w as as fo ll o ws 1— 1 8 44 53 E n glish s e v e n ; I rish an d S c o t t ish on e e ach : 1 8 54 63 -

, , ,
-
,

E n glish fo urt e e n ; I rish o n e ; an d S cot t ish s e v e n

, I n t he t we lv e y e ars imm e di at e ly fo ll o wi n g
, , .

(1 8 64 7 5) t h e addi t io n s w e re : E n glish fo u rt e e n ; I rish t h re e ; an d S cot t i sh t e n Th e subs e qu e n t

-
, , , , .

n u mb e rs ( 1 8 7 6 8 5) are : E n glish t hi rt y t h re e ; I rish

-
t wo ; an d S co t t ish t hirt y o n e ,
The -
, ,
-
.

L odg e s n e w act iv e u n d e r t he t h re e jurisdi ct i on s re ck on in g t he fu rt h e r addi t io n s duri n g t he ,

c u rre n t y e ar are : E n glish s e v e n t y fo u r ( i n cl u di n g o n e i n N e w Cal e d o ni a) ; I rish on e ;

,
-
,

an d S co t t ish fi ft y (w i t h a m e mb e rship o f
, A n E n glish P ro vin ci al Gran d M as t e r w as
app o i n t e d i n 1 8 3 9 an e x ampl e w hi ch was fo ll o w e d by t he G ran d L o dge o f S co t l an d i n 1 8 55
, ,

an d by t h at o f I re l an d in 1 8 58 Th e p re s e n t rul e rs o f t he C raft (u n d e r t h e j u risdi ct i on o f

.

t h e m o t h e r c o u n t ri e s ) i n t his C o l o n y are : D is t ri c t G ran d M as t e rs M r J o h n Willi ams (B) , ,

an d D r W G S e dg w i ck . . The I rish P ro vi n ci al G L h as c e ase d t o e xis t . . .

S o far as I am aw are t h e qu e s t i on o f s e p arat i on fro m t he m ot h e r G ran d Lo dge s was firs t

,

form ally m oot e d i n Vi c t ori a S t ill for s o m e y e ars at l e as t b e fore t he e v e n t w hi c h i t b e

.
, , ,

co m e s my n e x t t ask t o re l at e t h e re had e xis t e d i n S ydn e y a b o dy s t ylin g it s e l f t h e G rand

,

L o dge o f N e w S o u t h Wale s form e d fro m t h e gre at m aj o rit y o f a re gular L o d ge — S t A n d re w s

,
’
.

”
I t affe ct e d t o m ak e p ass an d rais e Mas on s gran t ch art e rs an d issu e c e rt ifi cat e s 2
, , , , .

On D e ce mb e r 3 1 8 7 7 t h e re p re s e n t at iv e s o f t w e lve or (at m o st ) t hirt e e n S cot t ish an d

, ,

I rish L o dge s m e t at S ydn e y an d e s t ablish e d an o t h e r G ran d L o dg e o f N e w S o ut h Wal e s t o

, ,

which h o w e v e r t he pre e xist i n g b o dy of t he s am e n am e e v e n t ually m ad e submi ssion an d

, ,
- .

acce p t e d an o rdi n ary L o dg e w arran t at i t s h an ds A t t his t im e ( 1 8 7 7 ) t h e re w e re e igh t y —

six .

re gul ar L o dg e s i n t he C o l o n y : E n glish fort y — s e v e n ; S cot t ish t hi rt y ; an d I rish n i n e The , , ,

.

t hirt e e n L o dg e s whi ch t hus assum e d t o c on t ro l t h e diss e n t i n g m aj orit y o f s e v e n t y t hre e -

,

1
s vi s f t h Dist i t G S
The er d th
ce xp si f S t t ish M s y i N w S t h W l s whi h
o e r c , an e e an on o co a o nr n e ou a e ,
c are a lik e

ph m l p s t s d ff t M H ig t im i t m y b dd d h m t h
e no ena , re re en cau e an d li d t h e ec . r s-
r , a e a e , as
‘

o re an o n ce ec ne e o ffe r o f a

si m il t h gh m highly p id pp i t m t i t h C l y
ar ou o re a a o n en n e o on .

2
Ci l d t d D m b 2 3 1 8 7 8 sig d by J S F ll C M N w S t h W l s
rcu ar a e e ce er , , ne
“
. . arn e , . .
,
e ou a e .
 NE W S O UTH WA L E S .
38 9

sh e l t e re d t h e ms e lv e s u n d e r a p e rv e rt e d pri n ciple o f Mason i c law 1 —appli e d t o a wh olly

illusory st at e o f fact s Thi s w as t h at an y t h re e L o dge s i n a t e rri t ory M as on i cally u n occu
.
,

pie d — t he thre e j u risdi ct i on s alre ady e xis t i n g b e m g t hus c oolly an d qui e t ly ign o re d— could
form t h e ms e lv e s i n t o a G ran d Lo dg e an d t h at w h e n so form e d t h e re m ai n i n g Lo dge s , ,

av e rs e t o t h e m o ve m e n t — w e re t h e y o n e hu n d re d o r on e t h o us an d i n n umb e r w o uld b e ,

irre gul ar !
The l e ad e r i n t his misguid e d an d u n t im e ly mo v e m e n t — as i t h as b e e n h appily ch arac
“
,

t e rise d by t he p re s e n t S co t t ish D C S e cre t ary M r H i gst ri m — w as M r J am e s S F arn e ll w ho . .

, .
,

h ad b e e n app o i n t e d Pro v G M u n d e r t he G ran d Lo dge o f I re l an d i n 1 8 69

. . I n A ust rali a as
. .
,

i n C an ad a t h e I rish L o dge s fi rs t rais e d t he fl ag o f i n d e p e n d e n ce b u t i n t h e form e r u n lik e t h e

, ,

latt e r co u n t ry t h e re w as n ot t h e co mmu n i t y of fe e li n g pro du c e d by an e qu al p re ssu re o f

, ,

discon t e n t whi ch had i n du ce d t h e bre t h re n u n d e r t he t h re e B ri t ish j urisdict i on s i n N ort h

,

A m e ri ca t o u n i t e for t h e fu rt h e ran c e o f a co mm on e n d The dis adv an t ag e s in d e e d w it h .

, ,

w hi c h all t he A us t rali an L o dg e s had (an d s t ill h av e ) t o c on t e n d w e re con sid e rabl e b u t o n , ,

t h e o t h e r h an d t h e re w e re (an d are ) i n m an y mi n ds fe e li n gs —n o t wh olly s e n t im e n t al

, - ,

o pp o s e d t o w orki n g u n de r an y o t h e r w arran t s o f C on s t i t u t io n t h an t h o s e g ran t e d by t h e

t h re e e arli e s t o f e xis t i n g G ran d L o dge s I t m ay b e t ak e n as an axi o m t h at i n an y co un t ry .

,

wh e re m att e rs are rip e for t he form at ion of an i n d e p e n d e n t G ran d Lo dge t h e m ov e m e n t w ill ,

pro ce e d an d m at ure an d t h at t he large m aj ori t y of Lo dg e s an d b re t h re n will con n e ct t h e m

,

s e lv e s w i t h i t I f h o w e v e r a s t e p i n t h e dire ct i on o f in de p e n d e n ce is t ak e n b e fore t h e
.
, ,

L o dge s are quit e re ady for i t t he su cce ss of t he m o v e m e n t w ill be m ain ly co n t i n ge n t u p on

,

t he am o u n t o f i n fl u e n c e wi e ld e d by t h e l e ad e rs of t he agi t at i on o r in o t h e r w o rds up on t h e , , ,

e x t e n t o f t h e ir foll o win g M r F arn e ll— accordin g t o his o wn s t at e m e n t i n 1 8 8 1 — s e rv e d for

.

t w e n t y y e ars as a m e mb e r o f t h e p arli am e n t o f N e w S o u t h Wale s an d was als o for a t im e ,

prim e mi n ist e r bu t his i n flu e n ce as a M as on d oe s n o t s e e m t o h av e b e e n gre at

,
Whe n h e .

w as e l e ct e d G ran d M ast e r t he affairs o f t he I rish P ro vin ce o f N e w S o u t h Wal e s w e re i n

,

t h oro ugh conf usi on 2 an d n ot t h e l e as t o f t h e m o t ive s w hi c h w e igh e d wit h his supp ort e rs
,

S cot ch as w e ll as I rish— app e ars t o h av e b e e n t he growi n g i n disp o si t i on t o b e t ax e d by (or

re mit fe e s t o) t he m ot h e r co u n t ri e s .

Th e n e w organi s at i o n at t he clo s e o f 1 8 8 5 had b e e n re cog n is e d as t he on ly reg u lar gove rn

, ,

i n g M ason i c bod y i n t h e C o l on y by t hirt y e ight G ran d L o dg e s chi e fly h o w e v e r A m e ri can -

, , , .

The re s e e ms i n d e e d i n t he Un i t e d S t at e s a d e c id e d i n c li n at ion t o re gard e ach uprisin g o f t he

, ,

L odge s i n a Bri t i shj colon y as a t ribu t e t o t he e ffi cacy of a ce rt ai n d o ct ri n e w hi ch has b e e n

'

1
La , of J si h H D m m d bs v s
A me ri can M a s i lw M
Th p p si t i
on c th a d iv d f m t h
. r o a . ru on o er e e ro o on , en, er e ro e

or igi l p i ipl
na xp
r nc s l p t i i t his
e , as e ou n d d by u iv
t y is —N t l ss t he th L dg s m p isi g n er a rac ce n co u n r , o e an re e o e , co r n a

m j i t y f t h L dg s i
a or o e m yf m
o G
e n a ne wt it y
d L dg h vi g x l siv j isdi t i i s h t i t y
e rr or ,
a or a ran o e, a n e c u e ur c on n uc e rr or .

B t t h s m dis t i g ish
u e a e t st tn Th id
u th t e d w it g
sm ll m i i t y f t h L dg s m y f m G d
r er oe s on o a e e ea a a a n or o e o e a or a ran

L dg d f t h t h
o e , an o rce e o er L dg s i t i t
g i st t h i will d iv t h m t f xis t o s ms t
e m st s I
n o a an e r , or r e e ou o e e n ce , ee o us on ro u . n

a l m st ll m t t s i M
o a a ity l s
er nd whil w s y th m j
ll w m i it y i
a on r t i s t h v d isiv
e a or ru e an e e a o a n or n ce r a n ca es o a e a ec e

ne g t iv p p p s d
a e u on d w
ro o e ac ti
on , i s
ll w m i i t y t d pt ffi m t iv t i g i st t h will f t h
n n o ca e o e a o a no r o a o a r a e ac on a a n e o e

m j ity
a or (P G L M ro c . Cf P . C L T
. i 18 8 5 p
ss 1 8 8 5 ; d L isi
a ne , 18 8 6 , . . roc. . . enne ee, an ou an a, .

2
A di g t t h D p G S f I l d (i l t t t M H A R i h ds f P m t t d t d F b y 1 8 7 9 )
cco r n o e e . . e c. o re an n a e er o r . . c ar on o ara a a, a e e ru ar

t
n o re u rns m it t sh d b
o r re iv d f m t h P v G L f
an ce sid bl t i m
a d t l
e e n re cef? t h s f e ro e ro . . . o r a con e ra e e , an o c e ar o e arre ar o

t h s b di t L dg s t he G
e u or na e d L dg f I l d h d s t d t
o e , pt £ 300 ran c m p si t i f b t 15 i o e o re an a co n e n e o acce , or a o o on o a ou 8 . n

t he
 39 0 VI C T OR I A .

l aid d ow n by D r M ack e y w i t h re gard t o t h e form at i on o f Gran d Lo dg e s Bu t t h o s e A m e ri can .

jurisdi c t i on s w hi ch h av e l e n t a willi n g e ar t o t he sp e c io us re pre s e n t at i on s o f t he G ran d

L o dg e of N e w S o u t h Wale s are n ow run n i n g th e g an t le t o f i n t e llig e n t cri t i c ism an d t he
, ,

se v e ral commi t t e e s by w h o m t h e y h av e b e e n h o o d win k e d or misle d m ay re ad wi t h p rofi t ‘

s om e o f t h e re p ort s on corre sp on d e n c e i n t h e l arg e r S t at e s n ot ably I llin o is P e n n sylv an i a an d , , , ,

N e w Y ork w h e re t h e u n acco u n t abl e d e lusion in t o w hi ch so m an y G ran d Lo dge s h av e falle n

, ,

is dis cuss e d w i t h e qu al can d ou r an d abilit y I t is alm o s t n e e dl e ss t o say t h at a G ran d .

Lodge t hus con st it ut e d by a sm all min ori t y o f t he L o dge s i n N e w S o u t h Wal e s has b e e n ,

re fu s e d re c o gn i t i on by t h e G ran d L o dg e s o f t h e B ri t ish isl an ds .

I n D e ce mb e r 1 8 8 5 t h e G M w as D r H J Tarran t Th e re w e re fort y fo u r sub ordi n at e

. . . .
-

L o dge s an d t he t ot al n umb e r o f i n i t i at i on s si n ce t he i n augurat i on o f t he G ran d Lo dge had

,

be e n 1 9 2 6 .

V I CTOR IA — The L o dg e s o f A us t ralia F e lix an d o f A us t ral asi a (n ow N o s 4 7 4 an d 53 0) w e re

. .

e s t abli sh e d at M e lb o u rn e by t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d i n 1 8 4 1 an d 1 8 46 re sp e c t iv e ly .

S c ot t ish M as on ry o b t ai n e d a fo o t i n g i n t h e s am e ci t y — w i t h A us t ral asi an Kil wi n n i n g — i n

1 8 4 3 ; an d an I rish L o d g e — H iram N o 3 49 — w as als o c h art e re d t h e re i n 1 8 47
, . I n t h e s am e .

y e ar a t hi rd E n glish an d app are n t ly t he fi ft h V i c t ori an L o dge — Un it y an d Prud e n ce N o

, , , .

8 01 — w as co n s t it u t e d at G e e l o n g A ft e r t his t h e C raft adv an c e d i n p ro sp e ri t y by l e aps an d

.

b o u n ds Thirt y six E n glish Lo dge s w e re add e d t o t h e lis t b e t w e e n 1 8 47 an d t he c l o se o f

.
-

1 8 62 ; t w e n t y e igh t durin g t h e e n sui n g t hi rt e e n y e ars an d t we n t y w it hi n t he d e ce n n ial p e ri o d

-
,

c o mm e n c i n g J an u ary 1 1 8 7 6 D urin g co rre sp o n din g i n t e rvals o f t im e t h e I rish w arran t s

, .
,

gran t e d i n t h e col on y w e re re sp e c t iv e ly t we lv e s e v e n an d t hre e : an d t h e S cot t ish t h re e e ach , , ,

i n t he fi rs t t w o p e rio ds an d t wo i n t h e l as t , .

The fi rs t P ro vin cial G M o f V i ct ori a (or A us t ralia F e lix) w as t he H o n J E Murray The

. . . . . .

d at e o f his app o i n t m e n t by t he G ran d L o dge o f S co t lan d h as n ot b e e n re cord e d bu t he was ,

su cce e d e d by M r J H R o ss A ugust 3 1 8 4 6 Th e p re s e n t D is t ri ct G M is S i r W J Cl arke

. .
, , . . . . .
,

wh o re ce iv e d his S co t t ish p at e n t i n 1 8 8 3 E n glish an d I rish Pro vin ce s w e re e s t ablish e d

.

in 1 8 55 an d 1 8 56 re sp e ct iv e ly an d t he fo llo w i n g h as b e e n t he su cce ssi on o f E n glish Provi n ci al

,

n ow D is t ri ct ) G ran d M as t e rs — C ap t ai n (n ow Maj or G e n e ral S i r A n dre w) Cl ark e 1 8 55 ;

( -
,

C ap t ain F C S t an di sh 1 8 61 ; an d S ir W J Clark e 1 8 8 3 The rul e rs o f t he I rish Provin ce

. .
, . .
, .

hav e b e e n M r J T S mi t h 1 8 56 7 9 an d fro m 1 8 8 0 S i r W J Clark e

. .
,
-
, . . .

The L o dg e s n ow ( 1 8 8 6) at w o rk u n d e r t h e t h re e j u risdi ct i o n s all o f w hi ch h o w e v e r are i n , , ,

a m an n e r u n i t e d u n d e r a sin gl e P ro vin c i al G M are E n glish n in e t y o n e ; I rish s e v e n t e e n ;

. .
, ,
-
,

an d S co t t ish t w e lv e (i n cludi n g o n e i n L e vuk a F iji)

, , .

The id e a o f formin g an in d e p e n d e n t G ran d L o d ge o f V ict oria s e e ms t o h av e b e e n fi rs t

l aun ch e d i n 1 8 63 an d aft e r e n c o u n t e rin g t h e o ppo sit i on of t he E arl of Ze t lan d was d e b at e d
, ,

— M arch 2 1 8 64— i n t he Gran d Lo dge o f E n glan d by whi ch b o dy a re s olut i on w as p asse d

, ,

”
d e clari n g i t s st ron g dis approb at io n o f t he con t e mplat e d se ce ssi on I t w as o bs e rve d i n .

p re s cie n t t e rm s by t he lat e J oh n H av e rs t h at e v e ry n e w Gran d L odg e w as t he fore run n e r o f

,

n e w an d c on fli ct i n g d e gre e s I t w as a s t o n e pulle d away fro m t he fo u n d at i o n s o f Mas o n ry

.
,

an d Op e n e d an o t h e r d oor fo r i n ro ads an d i n n o v at i on s ; an d he e xh ort e d t h e b re t h re n i n

V i ct oria t o re m e mb e r t h at u n ion w as s t re n g t h an d u n iv e rs alit y on e o f t he w at chwords o f

“
,

Mas on ry .

I n 1 8 7 6 t he agit at i on for a lo cal G ran d Lo dge w as re n e w e d bu t agai n slumb e re d u n t il

, ,
 39 2 Q UE E N S L A N D WE S T A US TR A L I A — TA S M A N I A .

t we n t y -e igh t L odge s by w h o m t he G ran d L o dg e o f S o u t h A ust rali a w as e st ablish e d The

, .

p ro ce e di n gs of t h e e x e c u t iv e c o mmi t t e e o f t h e M as on i c Un i o n whi ch w e re c h aract e ris e d ,

t hro u gh o u t by t he m o s t s cru pulo u s re gul ari t y w e r e c ro w n e d by an u n pre c e d e n t e d u n an imi t y ,

o f fe e li n g o n t h e p art o f t h e L odg e s A re s o lut i on i n fav o ur o f i n d e p e n d e n ce w as c arri e d.

n e m con in e igh t e e n E n glish fo u r I rish an d six S c o t t ish L o dge s an d wi t h a si n gl e diss e n t i e n t

. .
, , ,

i n o n e E n glish an d w it h t wo diss e n t i e n t s i n o n e I rish L o dge ; whils t i n t he s o l e re m ain i n g

,

Lo dge un d e r E n glan d an d i n t he M o s t yn u n d e r I re lan d a m aj ori t y o f t he m e mb e rs j oi n e d

, ,

t h e Uni on Thus i n e ffe ct o u t o f a gran d t ot al o f t hi rt y t h re e L o dg e s u n d e r t he t hre e B rit ish

.
, ,
-

j urisdi ct i on s o nly a si n gle L o dg e —N o 3 63 —D u k e o f L e i n st e r (L ) h as adh e re d t o i t s

, .
,

form e r alle gi an ce The n e w G ran d L o dge (b e sid e s t he usu al i n dis crimin at e re co g ni t i on o f

.

A m e ri can G ran d B o di e s) has b e e n admit t e d t o frat e rn al re l at i o n s w i t h t he G ran d L o dge s o f

E n gl an d I re l an d an d S co t l an d
,
The p rivil e g e h o w e v e r accord e d by t h e las t n am e d i n
, .
, ,

A u gus t 1 8 8 5 w as c an c e ll e d i n t h e N o v e mb e r fo ll o w i n g a p ro ce e di n g t h e re is e v e ry re as o n t o
, , ,

b e li e v e arisi n g o u t o f t he i n con sis t e n t act io n o f t h e c oloni al Gran d L o dge i n re cog n isi n g t he

,

au t h o ri t y o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f N e w S o u t h Wal e s— t h e irre gul ar e st ablishm e n t o f whi c h i t ,

was d e cl are d by M r A ddis o n at t he form at i on o f t h e M as on i c Un i o n i n A de laid e July 3 0 , , ,

1 8 8 3 w o uld if imit at e d
,
b rin g Mas on ry i n S ou t h A ust rali a in t o disre put e t h ro ugh o u t t he
, ,
“

w orld .

Th e H on S J Way Chi e f Jus t i ce o f t h e C o l o n y an d M r J H Cu n n i n gh am form e rly

. . .
, , . .
,

D is t ri ct G ran d S e cre t ary (E ) h av e b e e n G ran d M as t e r an d G ran d S e cre t ary re sp e ct ive ly , ,

si n ce t he fo u n d at ion o f t h e Gran d Lo dg e The sub ordi n at e L odg e s are t hirt y six i n n umb e r .
-
,

wit h a t ot al m e mb e rship o f 2 2 7 7 .

Q UE E N S LAN D — Th e N ort h A us t rali an Lo dg e w as e st abli sh e d at B risb an e by t he G ran d

Lo dge o f E n glan d i n 1 8 59 an d t wo o t h e rs u n d e r I rish an d S cot t ish warran t s re sp e ct ive ly
, ,

w e re con s t it ut e d at t he sam e t ow n i n 1 8 64 .

E ac h j u risdi ct io n i s re p re s e n t e d by a P ro vi n ci al (or D is t ri ct ) G M an d t h e n umb e r o f . .

,

L o dge s is as follow s z— E n glish t w e n t y six act ive t wo e xt in ct ; I rish e l e v e n act iv e t hre e ,

-
, , ,

e x t in c t ; an d S co t t ish t w e lv e al l act i ve , , .

WE S T A US TRAL IA — E igh t L o dge s i n all h ave b e e n form e d i n t his col on y t he fi rst o f whi ch
.
,
.

— S t J oh n N o 7 1 2 — w as e re ct e d at P e rt h i n 1 8 4 2
, . S e v e n o f t h e s e surviv e an d b e in g .
,

i n c lud e d i n n o Provi n ce re p ort di re ct t o t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f E n glan d w hi c h i n t his s olit ary

, ,

in st an ce h as n ot suffe re d fro m t h e e x e rc ise of c on curre n t j urisdi c t i on by o t h e r G ran d B o di e s

,
.

TA S M AN IA — Lo dge s un d e r t he Gran d L o dg e o f I re lan d w e re e st abli sh e d at H ob art To wn

.

i n 1 8 2 3 1 8 2 9 1 8 3 3 an d 1 8 3 4 bu t t h e t h re e e arli e s t o f t he s e ri e s are n ow e xt i n c t
, , , ,
A fo u rt h .

Lo dge u n d e r t h e sam e s an ct i on w as con st it ut e d at L au n ce st on i n 1 8 43 an d i t w as n ot u n t il ,

1 8 4 6 t h at E n glish M as on ry o b t ain e d a foo t i n g o n t he isl an d I n t h at y e ar Tasm ani an Uni on . ,

N o 7 8 1 w as form e d at H ob art To wn an d a s e co n d E n glish Lo dge —

.
,
— H op e — sp ran g up (i n t he
,
l

fi rst in s t an ce u n d e r a disp e n sat ion fro m S yd n e y) i n 1 8 52 I n t he follo wi n g y e ar t he R e v B . . .

K E wi n g b e c am e t h e M ast e r o f t h e l at t e r an d i n 1 8 56 t he L o dg e s o f F ait h an d Ch ari t y w e re

. ,

carv e d o u t o f i t —M r E w i n g t h e n b e co mi n g o n t h e i r j o in t p e t i t i o n Pro v G M The o t h e r , , . . .

E n glish Lo dge — Tasm an i an Un ion — o bj e ct i n g t o t h e s e p ro c e e di n gs as h avi n g b e e n carri e d o n ,

c lan d e s t i n e ly w as susp e n d e d by t h e P ro v G M an d re m ai n e d c l o s e d for n i n e m on t hs Th e .

.

s t ri fe t hus e n ge n d e re d n e arly pu t an e n d t o E n glish M as on ry i n Lau n ce s t o n L odge F ait h .

b e cam e d orman t Ch arit y w as v o lu n t arily wo un d up an d e v e n i n H o p e t he li ght alm o st w e n t

,
,
 NE W Z E A LA N D .
39 3

ou t . S oon , h o w e v e r, t h e re w as viv al an d i n 1 8 7 6 t h e G ran d Lo dg e o f S co t l an d als o b e gan

a re ,

t o ch art e r L o dg e s o n t h e isl an d wh e re t h e re are n o w fo u ri n e xis t e n ce u n d e r i t s j urisdic t i o n

, .

Th e s e are i n clud e d i n t h e P ro v i n ce o f N e w S ou t h WVale s The G ran d Lo dge s o f E n gl an d an d

’
.

I re l an d h av e e ac h a roll o f s e v e n L o dg e s o n t he isl an d — on e u n d e r t he fo rm e r b o dy an d fo ur , ,

u n d e r t he l at t e r h av i n g s u rre n d e re d t h e i r ch art e rs The E n glish P ro v G ran d Lo dge di e d a

,
. .

n at u ral d e at h o n t h e re m o v al o f M r E w in g t o V i c t ori a b u t a n e w on e w as e s t ablish e d u n d e r ,

M r W S H amm on d i n 1 8 7 5 The I rish L o dge s w e re con s t i t u t e d i n t o a P ro vi n ce i n 1 8 8 4

. . . .

N e w Z E A LA N D .

The first L o dge i n t h e C o lon y— F ran cais e P rimi t ive A n t ipodi e n n e —was fo un d e d at A k aroa
by t h e S up re m e C o un cil o f F ran ce ; A u gus t 2 9 1 8 4 3 ; t he s e con d— A ra— at A u cklan d by t h e
, ,

Gran d L odge o f I re l an d i n 1 8 44 an d t he t hird— N e w Z e al an d Pac ifi c— by t h e G ran d L o dge

o f E n gl an d i n 1 8 4 5 N 0 furt h e r c h art e rs w e re issu e d u n t il 1 8 52 w h e n E n glish L o dge s w e re
.
,

e s t ablish e d i n Ly t t e l t on an d Ch ris t ch u rch w hils t o t h e rs s ran g up at N e w Plym o u t h an d

p ,

A u cklan d i n 1 8 56 at Wan gan ui i n 1 8 57 an d at N e ls o n an d K ai apo i i n 1 8 58

, ,
I n t h e l at t e r .

y e ar an I rish L o dg e (t h e se con d i n t he c olo n y) w as form e d at N api e r an d i n 1 8 60 an E n glish ,

o n e at D u n e di n — w h e re als o t h e fi rs t S c o t t ish L o dg e w as e re c t e d i n 1 8 61 A ft e r t his t he .

d ifi u si o n o f Mas on ry t h ro ugh o u t N e w Z e al an d b e cam e so ge n e ral t h at I m u st con t e n t mys e l f ,

w it h givi n g t he b are s t s t at is t i c s w hich fo r co n v e n ie n ce s ak e w ill be c l assifie d so as t o

, , ,

h arm on is e as far as p o ssibl e w i t h t h e Pro vi n ci al syst e ms o f t h e t hre e co mp e t in g j u risdi c t i on s .

B e t we e n 1 8 60 an d 1 8 7 5 t he re w e re w arran t e d i n t h e col on y t w e n t y fi ve E n glish e igh t I rish -

, ,

an d t we n t y on e S co t t ish L o dge s ; w hilst i n t h e t e n y e ars e n di n g Jan u ary 1 1 8 8 6 t he n umb e rs

-
, ,

w e re re sp e ct iv e ly fort y s e v e n s e v e n an d t hi rt y t wo
-
, ,
-
.

The L o dge s i n N e w Z e al an d are usu ally classifi e d accordi n g t o t h e Mas on i c P rovi n ce s o f

w hi ch t h e y form a p art Of t he l at t e r t h e re are fi ve E n glish an d t h re e S c ot t ish o f l at e y e ars
.
,

d e n o min at e d D i stri cts i n o rd e r t o dist i n g u ish t h e m fro m b o di e s o f a lik e c h aract e r i n G re at

,

B rit ai n ; an d o n e I rish t o w hic h t h e m o re fami liar t it le o f Pro vin ci al G ran d Lo dg e is s t ill

,

appli e d Th e s e p re limi n ari e s i t w ill b e n ece ss ary t o b e ar i n min d b e caus e t h e arran ge m e n t

.
,

whi ch s e e ms t o m e t h e simpl e st an d b e s t is t o gro up t he L o dg e s accordi n g t o t h e ir p o sit i on s

‘

o n t he m ap w hi c h i n t h e p re s e n t c as e w ill c orresp on d v e ry cl o s e ly wi t h t he t e rri t ori al c l assi

,

fi c at i o n o r di vision i n t o D ist ri ct s by t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d

, , .

N ORTH I S LAN D .

A UCKLAN D D IS TR I CT —The Dist ri ct (o r Pro vin cial) Gran d Mast e rs are M r G S G rah am (E )
. . .
,

S ir F Whit ak e r
. an d M r G P Pi e rce whils t t h e n umb e r o f L odge s un d e r t he
. .

s e ve ral j u risdi c t ion s is e igh t e e n u n d e r t h e G L o f E n gl an d an d six e ac h u n d e r t h o se o f

. .
,

S c ot l an d an d I re l an d t h at is if t ak e n acco rdin g t o l o c ali t y for all t h e S co t t ish Lo dge s o n

, ,

t h e N ort h I sl an d are c o mpris e d w i t hin t he A uc klan d D i st ri ct an d t he w h o l e Of t h e I ris h ,

L o dge s i n b o t h isl an ds w i t hin t he A u c klan d P rovi n ce .

WE LLI N GTON D rsrnrcr — The o n ly D G M is M r C J To xward (E ) an d t he n um be r o f

. . . . . .

Lo dge s is re spe ct i ye ly e ight e e n (E ) e ight an d fo u r ( L )

,
.
39 4 NE W Z E ALA N D ~
OCE A N I A

MIDDLE , OR S OUTH I S LA N D .

C ANTE RBURY D I S TR I CT — The are M r H e n ry Th o ms on (E ) an d t h e R e v J am e s .

H i ll w ho rul e o v e r n i n e t e e n an d n i n e Lo dge s re sp e c t iv e ly The s e at o f go v e rn m e n t is at .

Ch ris t chu rch w h e re t h e re is als o an I rish L o d ge ,t he o n ly o n e i n t he D ist ri ct

,
.

OTA G O A N D S OUTH L AN D D I S TR I CT — M r T S G rah am p re sid e s o v e r o n e D G L (E ) an d

. . . . . .
,

M r G W H arv e y ov e r t h e o t h e r (S )
. . Th e re are fo u rt e e n L o dg e s i n e ach D ist ri ct i e
. , . .
,

acc ord i n g t o t h e l ocal arran g e m e n t for t h e S co tt ish D G L (o f w hi ch t h e re are o n ly t wo i n

,
. . .

t h e S o u t h I sl an d ) e x e rcis e s au t h ori t y b e y o n d t he t e rri t o ri al limi t s of Ot ag o an d S o u t hl an d .

The t o t al n umb e r o f L o dge s o n i t s ro ll is t w e n t y on e an d d o ub t l e ss Ot ago h as d e rive d mu ch -

,

o f i t s imp ort an ce as a S co t t ish M as on i c ce n t re fro m t h e fact o f h avi n g b e e n o rigi n ally ,

fo u n d e d by an ass o ci at i o n co n n e ct e d w i t h t h e F re e Churc h o f S co t lan d A t D un e di n an d .

I n v e rcargill t h e re is i n e ach cas e an I rish L o dg e .

WE S TLAND D I S TR I CT — Th e on ly D G M is M r J oh n B e van
. w ho rul e s o ve r six Lo dge s ;
. . .

an d t h e re are t hre e ot h e rs (S ) w hi c h are c o mp ris e d w i t hi n t h e D G L o f Ot ag o an d S o u t hl an d . . .

at D u n e di n .

M A R LBOR OUGH AN D N E L S ON D I S TR I CT — Th e s e P rovi n ce s o f t he co lon y are e x e mpt fro m .

an y l oc al M as on i c j u risdi c t i o n u n d e r t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d w hi c h is re p re s e n t e d by
, ,

fi ve Lo dg e s Th e re is als o a S co t t ish L o dg e (at Ble n h e im) w hi c h is subj e ct t o t h e D G L

.
,
. . .

1
o f Ot ag o a d S o u hl
n t a n d .

OCE A N I A .

A l t h o ugh t h e v ari o us islan ds an d archip e l ag o e s h av e b e e n t re at e d as far as p o ssibl e i n

con n e c t i o n w i t h t h e co n t in e n t s w i t h w hi c h t h e y are o rdin arily ass oci at e d t h e re are s o m e fe w ,

o f t h e se lyi n g as i t w e re i n mid oce an t h at mus t be s e p arat e ly d e alt w i t h an d t h e ir con

,
-
, ,

sid e rat i on w ill brin g t his ch ap t e r t o a cl o s e .

N E W C A LE DON I A — Thi s isl an d w as t ak e n p o ss e ssion o f by F ran ce i n 1 8 54 an d has b e e n ,

use d fo r s o m e y e ars as a p e n al s e t t l e m e n t A t N o um e a t h e chi e f t o w n an d t he s e at o f .

,

go ve rn m e n t t h e re are t wo L o dg e s L Un i o n C alédo n i e n n e an d N o 1 8 64 We st e rn P olyn e sia

, ,
’

, .
, .

The form e r w as e s t ablish e d by t he G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce i n 1 8 68 an d t he lat t e r (w hi ch ,

is i n clud e d i n t he M ason i c P ro vi n c e o f N e w S ou t h Wale s) by t h e G ran d Lo dg e of E n glan d i n

1880 .

F IJ I I S LA NDS — The
Lo d g e — P o ly n e sia- at Le vuk a w i t h t he asse n t o f t he
form at ion of a ,

n at iv e ki n g w as an n o u n ce d t o t h e M as on i c w o rld i n a c i rcu lar d at e d M arc h 1 2 1 8 7 2

, , .

The isl an ds w e re an n e x e d t o B rit ain i n 1 8 7 4 an d on F e b ruary 1 1 8 7 5 a S co t t ish ch art e r , , ,

N o 562 — was gran t e d t o a L o d g e b e ari n g t h e s am e n am e an d m e e t i n g at t h e s am e pl ace as

.

t he s e l f co n s t it u t e d b o dy o f 1 8 7 2
- This is co mp ris e d i n t he M as o n i c Provi n ce o f V i ct o ri a
. A .

s e con d B ri t ish L o dge — N O 1 9 3 1 S uva n a Vi t i L e vu— w as e st ablish e d i n t he A rchip e lago by

.
,

t he G ran d Lo dge o f E n gl an d i n 1 8 8 1 .

S OC I E TY I S LAN D S — M as on ry w as i n t ro du ce d i n t o Pap e e t e t h e chi e f t o wn o f Tahit i (o r ,

Ot ah e i t i) t h e l arg e s t of t he S o cie t y G ro up by t h e G ran d Ori e n t o f F ran ce i n 1 8 3 4

, A , .

1
h i t i s—A t l i —P G L E gl d 1 8 64 1 8 65 1 8 8 1 1 8 8 5 S t l d 1 8 8 6 N w B swi k 1 8 7 9
Au t or e u s ra as a z roc . . . n an , , , , co an , e ru n c , ,

18 8 4 ; P sylv i 1 8 8 2 ; I w 1 8 8 3 ; I lli is 1 8 8 4 8 6 ; N e w Y k 1 8 8 5 ; d S t h A s t li 1 8 8 4 8 6 ; F
e nn an a, o a, no ,
- or , an ou u ra a, -
re e

m s s C l d ; M s i J ls ; M i f st s d P di gs l i m i g g it i d L dg s f m t h
'
a on a en ar a on c ou rn a G
an e oe an roce e n , c a n re co n on as ran o e , ro e

A s i t d L dg s i N w S
s oc a e o th W l s d Vi t i
e n e d G R b ts
ou N w Z l d M s i Di
a e an t y 188 6
c or a an . o er on , e e a an a on c re c o r , .
 39 6 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .

CH A P TE R XXX .

SE A A ND F I E LD L OD G E S .

Lo dge s i n ships o f w ar app e ar t o h av e b e e n h e ld u nd e r E n glish

on ly S t at e d - -

w arran t s t h o ugh i n P o rt ug al an d e ls e wh e re t h e re h av e b e e n m e e t i n gs Of
,

Oc casi o n al L odg e s w h e re m e mb e rs o f t h e C raft p e rs e c ut e d on sh ore h av e s ou gh t , ,

a re fu g e i n t h e shippi n g F i e ld Lo dge s h av e e xis t e d i n n um e ro us j u risdic t i on s

.
,

an d are v ari o usly d e s crib e d The t i t l e us e d by m e o c curs i n a cal e n dar o f 1 7 63

.
,

an d w hil e s an c t i o n e d by e arly us ag e w ill admi t o f t h e i n q u i ry b e i n g re s t ri ct e d t o ,

t he e xis t e n ce Of L o dg e s i n mili t ary b o di e s— at t ach e d t o t h e l at t e r b o t h i n qu art e rs an d i n t h e

fi e ld Th e e arli e s t o f t h e se L odge s w as e st ablish e d i n t h e 1 st ( B ri t ish ) R e gim e n t o f F o ot i n

.

1 7 3 2 u n d e r t h e G ran d L o dg e o f I re l an d an d fo u r o t h e r simil ar L o dge s m ak i n g a t o t al o f fi ve

, , , ,

w e re at w ork in t he s am e j urisdi ct io n at t he cl o s e o f 1 7 Th e n umb e r h ad ris e n t o e igh t i n

1 7 43 w h e n t h e fi rs t Mili t ary Warran t w as issu e d by t h e G ran d L o dg e o f S co t l an d an d s t o o d
, ,

at t w e n t y n i n e w h e n t h e e arli e s t L o dge o f t h e ki n d w as e s t ablish e d — 1 7 55— by t h e G ran d

-

L o d g e of E n glan d i n t he 8 t h F o o t ,
.

Th e I rish j urisdi ct i o n has al ways i n c lud e d t h e gre at e r n umb e r o f ( Bri t ish) A rmy L o dg e s ,

an d i n 1 8 1 3 p o ss e ss e d a mili t ary fo ll o wi n g o f o n e h u n d re d an d t w en t y t h re e A t t he s am e -
.

d at e t h e n u mb e r of L odge s in re gim e n t s u n d e r t h e o t h e r B ri t ish Gran d Lo dge s an d w i t h o u t

, ,

co u n t in g t h e re m ot e p e n di c l e s u n d e r P ro vi n c i al G ran d L o dg e s i n fo re ig n p art s was E n glan d , ,

fi ft e e n ; A n ci e n t s six t y t w o ; 2 an d S cot l an d e ight e e n This t o t al has d e clin e d i n 1 8 8 6 t o

,
-
, .
, ,

fi ft e e n L o dge s o f whi ch n i n e are I rish an d t he re m ai n d e r E n gli sh 3 j

,
.

A re cord o f all t h e L o dg e s i n re gim e n t s o r o t h e r m ov abl e mili t ary c ad re s w arran t e d by , ,

t h e B ri t ish Gran d Lo dg e s o r t h e i r re p re s e n t at ive s abroad wil l b e fo u n d—t o t h e e x t e n t t h at I ,

h av e su cce e d e d i n t raci n g t h e m— i n t he p re s e n t ch apt e r 4 Th e e n um e rat i on of s t at i on ary .

Lo dge s in garris on s or fort re ss e s e v e n t h o ugh co mp o s e d e x clusiv e ly of mili t ary m e mbe rs lie s

, , ,

h o w e v e r b e y on d t h e S cop e of my p re s e n t pu rp o s e The s am e m ay be said wi t h re g ard t o t he

, .

1
P k t C m p i D bli 1 7 3 5 F m t his y I m m i ly d p d t i f m t i s ppli d f m t h
oc e o an on , u n, . ro e ar a a n e en en on n or a on u e ro e

Gran d L dg f I l d b t f
o e o t f th fi L dg s m d b v
re an , t m u ti d i it d f t h
as o u r ous s o e re o e na e a o e are n o en on e n ,
an or o e r re a on ,

I t hi k t h m st h v b m y I ish L dg s i t h B i t ish m y f whi h llt s h v b l st

n e re u a e een an r o e n e r ar o c a race a e ee n o .

2
F ift y L dg s w i d f w d t th U i
o e O
f t p 8
e re carr e or ar a e n on . . an e , . .

3
P t p 4 05os , . .

4
I s s wh
n ca e p ti f t h g l s bj t h be re l e dy d lt wi t h i t h i st
a. or on f t h B ig d
o e e n e ra u ec as e en a r a ea , as n e n an ce o e r a e

L dg s i I di ( t p 3 2 6 t
o e n n th f a will b giv
an e , . e e re e re n ce e e n.
 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .
39 7

dis t i n guish e d roll o f g e n e ral Offi ce rs who h av e b e e n ac t iv e m e mb e rs o f t he S oci e t y Of ,

.

t h e s e I sh all m e re ly c it e t h e n am e s o f A b e rcrombie M o ore E arl M o i ra an d S i r Ch arl e s , , ,

N apie r The t ask b e fore m e is t o e xhibit i n t h e sm all e st p o ssibl e co mp ass a pi ct ure o f

.
!

an alm o st o bs o l e t e b ran c h o f F re e m as on ry an d n e i t h e r sy m p at hy w i t h t he subj e c t n o r an , ,

affl u e n c e o f m at e ri als c oll e c t e d wi t h a l arg e r Obj e ct i n vi e w mus t div e rt m e fro m t his imp e ra ,

t ive du t y .

Of t he S e a L o dge s t h e re is n ot hi n g furt h e r t o be s aid b e y on d t h e p assi n g allusio n t h at t h e

e xis t e n c e o f al l o f t h e m w as p rob ably d u e t o t h e e x i s
e rt on o f a si gl i dividu l
n e n a
1
W i t h t he .

F i e ld o r A rmy L o dg e s i t is di ffe re n t an d t he o u t li n e o f t h e s e b o di e s as giv e n i n su c ce ssi v e , ,

t abl e s I sh all t o a limi t e d e x t e n t fi lli n by p re faci n g e ac h s e p arat e lis t w i t h a bri e f i n t ro d u c

, ,

t i o n c o mm e n ci n g w i t h t he L o dg e s i n B ri t ish R e gim e n t s an d d e ri v i n g t h e m at e ri als fo r my

, ,

sk e t c h i n gre at p art fro m t h e i r act u al mi n u t e s an d re cords .

The Gib ralt ar L o dg e in t he 3 9 t h F o o t Primus i n I n dis cl aims t o h av e m ad e -

t h e fi rs t M as on i n I n di a u n d e r a E u ro p e an Warran t i n 1 7 57 ,
I t s u bs e qu e n t ly fo u n d e d , .

n um e ro us L o dg e s i n v ari o us p art s o f H i n d o s t an Th e re is a s t on e le t i n t o t he w all i n F o rt .

Willi am C alcu t t a comm e m orat iv e o f t he e arly hist ory o f t his Lo d ge A ll i t s w orki n g t oo ls

, ,
.

an d j e w e ls fe ll i n t o t h e h an ds o f t h e e n e my du ri n g t h e P e n i n su lar War bu t w e re subs e qu e n t ly ,

re t u rn e d t o t h e re gim e n t The s am e fat e b e fe l t h e L o dg e ch e s t i n t he 6t h D rag oon Gu ards

.

w hi c h w as re t u rn e d u n d e r a fl ag o f t ru ce an d w i t h a gu ard o f h on o u r Th e 1 7 t h F o o t .

l o s t i t s Warran t ( 1 8 ) i n t h e A m e ri can War an d i t w as co urt e o usly t ran smi t t e d t o t h e m by ,

G e n e ral Pars o n s w i t h a fra t e rn al le t t e r The 4 6t h F oot (2 2 7 ) t wi ce lo s t i t s c h e s t w hi ch w as

, .
,

s e n t b ack o n t h e firs t o c casi on by o rd e r o f G e n e ral W ashi n g t o n 3 an d on t he s e con d by t he , ,

F re n ch mili t ary au t h orit i e s t h re e y e ars aft e r i t s cap t ure at D o mi n i ca i n 1 8 05

,
The his t o ri an , .

o f t he 4 3 d F o o t co mpl ai n s i n 1 7 58 t h at t h e t im e p ass e s v e ry w e arily at N o va S co t i a an d

, , ,

ad ds w h e n t he c al e n d ar d oe s n o t fu rn ish us w i t h a l o y al e x c us e for ass e mblin g i n t h e

“
,

e v e n i n g w e h av e re co u rs e t o a F re e m as on s L o dg e w h e re w e w ork so h ard t h at i t is i n co n
’

, ,

c e i vable t o t hi n k w h at a qu an t i t y o f busi n e ss o f gre at imp ort an ce is t ran s ac t e d i n a v e ry sh o rt

sp ace o f t im e 4 This L o dge I h av e n ot su cce e d e d i n t raci n g an d t h e sam e is t he cas e w ith

.
”
,

re g ard t o an ot h e r i n t h e 54t h F o o t at t ac h e d t o t h at corps at S t J o h n N e w B ru n s w i c k i n

, , , ,

A b at t ali o n o f t h e 9 t h F o o t w as wre c k e d o n t h e F re n c h c oas t i n 1 8 0 5 an d t h e m e mb e rs o f ,

t h e Lo d ge ( 1 8 3 ) s ol ac e d t h e w e ary h o u rs Of t h e ir c ap t ivi t y by ass e mbli n g re gul arly at Vale n

c i e n n e s u n t il t h e p e ace o f 1 8 1 4 Th e c o l o n e l o f a regim e n t Oft e n b e cam e t h e fi rs t m as t e r o f

.

t he L o dge at t ach e d t o i t Thus i n t h e 2 0 t h F oo t A D 1 74 8 Lo rd G e o rge S ac kvill e p re side d

.
, .
,

i n t he firs t in s t an ce o v e r t h e Mi n d e n L o dg e t h o ugh i t can n ot h av e b orn e t h at t i t l e u n t il

aft e r his fam ou s e s cap ad e at t he b at t l e o f t he s am e n am e i n

The foll o win g an n ou n ce m e n t app e are d i n t he N e wcastle Cou ra n t o f J an u ary 4 1 7 7 0 ,

T i h s is t o ac q u a n t i
p u b li T h t o M o d y t he fi st i st a t b in g t he L o d g ( m t hly m t i g)
t he c, a n n a r n n ,
e e or on ee n

N ig h t f t h e F re e
o d A p t d M s s of t h e 2 2 d R gi m t h ld at t h C w
an cce N wg t ( N w s t l )
e a on e en ,
e e ro n n e ar e a e e ca e ,

M rs B ll t h l dl dy f t h e h ou s b k
e ,
e p an d (w i t h p k ) t h t had t b
a o p d f s m e t ime
e
,
ro e o en a o or a o er a no een o ene or o

p s t by w hi h m s h g t i t
a ,
cdj t om m d t w h l s t h gh t h w ll d by t h t st t g m
e an s e o n o an a ace n ro ,
a e o o e ro u e a ,
an ,
a ra a e ,

dis ve e d t he se t s f F e m s y
co r d h k wi g h s l f t be t h e fi s t w m
cre o r e i t h w orld t h t v
a on r an s e, no n er e o r o an n e a e er

1
T h om a sD u n ck e rle
y .
2 F ig u s wi t hi n b rack t s i
re e n t his s t i d ec on e n ot e t he num b s er of t he L dg s o e .

3
A n te , pp 59 .
, 388 .
4 J . Kn o x ,
H is t J . o u rn a l , 1 7 59 , vo l . i .
, p . 1 43 .
f
A n te , pp . 53 , 54 .
6
I bi d .
,p 3 44 . .
39 8 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .

fo u n do ut t he is w illi g t o m k i t k w t llh s
se cre t , n a e no n o a er ex . So l dy who is d si s of l
an y a e ro u e arn n g i t he
s e cre t s o f F re e m s y by pplyi g t o t h at w ll l e
a on r , d w om
a n e -
arn e an (M r s B ll t h t liv d fi ft e
e y asi
, a e e n e r n an d a b ou t
N e wgat e ) , m a y b i st t e d i t h s c t s of M as
e n ru c y n e e re on r .

i n t e re s t i n g t o k n ow con t i n u e s m y au t h ori t y1 ho w m an y pu pils M rs B e ll

I t w o uld b e , ,

o b t ai n e d an d w hy sh e app e al e d t o h e r o wn se x i n p art i c ul ar
, .

The 3 8 t h F o o t s t ill p o ss e ss e s a Lo dg e o rigi n ally c o n s t i t u t e d i n 1 7 65 an d as i t s

pro ,

ce e di n g s h av e figure d l arg e ly i n t h e M as on i c j o u rn als s o m e ac c o u n t Of t h e s e d e riv e d fro m , ,

t h e act u al mi n ut e s an d re cords m ay b e i n t e re s t i n g t o my re ad e rs The Lo dg e re op e n e d at

, .
-

S t Pi e rre M art in iqu e o n N o v e mb e r 8 1 7 9 6 t he fo rm e r re gis t ry w i t h t h e ch e s t w arran t

, , , ,
“
, , ,

an d j e w e ls h avi n g b e e n cap t u re d by t h e e n e my at H e l vo e t S luys i n J an u ary

, The -

re gim e n t p roc e e d e d t o S t L u c i a an d S ai n t s 1 7 9 7 ; I re l an d 1 8 02 C ap e To wn 1 8 06 ; Bu e n o s , , ,

2
A y re s an d M on t e V id e o 1 8 0 6 7 ; an d aft e r a p e ri o d o f h o m e s e rvi ce t he L o dge w hi ch was
,
-
, ,

cl o s e d i n 1 8 1 1 re o p e n e d N o v e mb e r 7 1 8 1 9 at C ap e To w n w h e n a l e t t e r—d at e d A p ril 5 o f
,
-
, , , ,

t he s am e y e ar— w as re ad fro m t h e G ran d L o dg e o f I re l an d o f w hi ch t h e fo ll o wi n g is an ,

e x t rac t

The Un i on o f A n ci e n t s an d M o d e m s i n E n gl an d had n o p art ic ul ar e ffe c t i n t his cou n t ry ,

as w e n e v e r h ad an y L o dg e s bu t A n ci e n t n e i t h e r h av e w e ad o p t e d an y o f t h e ir n e w ,

ce re mo n i e s .

The w orkin g o f t he R oy al A rch d e gre e w as re sum e d i n t h e Lodge N o v e mb e r 1 4 1 8 2 2 , ,

w h e n a l e t t e r, d at e d M ay 1 5 1 8 2 0 fro m t h e D e pu t y G ran d S e c re t ary w as re ad o f whi c h t h e

, , , ,

fo llo w i n g p ass ag e is re cord e d i n t h e mi n u t e s Th e re is n o t an y w arran t issu e d by t h e G ran d

L o dg e o f I re lan d o t h e r t h an t h at you h o ld ; i t h as t h e re fore al ways b e e n t h e p ract i ce o f I rish
”
L odg e s t o c on fe r t he H igh e r D e gre e s u n d e r t h at aut h o ri t y 3 The n am e s of t he m e mbe rs .

o f t he d e g re e are h e ad e d R o ll o f E x ce lle n t S up e r E x ce ll e n t R oy al A rc h M as o n s o f L odge

“
- -
,

No .

The
Lo dg e was n e x t Op e n e d at B e rh amp ore E I i n t he s am e y e ar bu t c lo se d i n ,
. .
,

1 8 2 3 an d re m ai n e d d o rm an t u n t il 1 8 4 0 w h e n i t re sum e d w o rk at Lim e ri ck
,
A t t hi s pe ri o d ,
.

Lord E bri n gt on w as t he L o rd Li e u t e n an t on w h o s e arriv al i n I re lan d t he Lo dg e N o 4 7 3 -

, , .

at E n n iskill e n k n o w i n g t h at h e was Pro vi n ci al Gran d Mast e r o f D e v on vo t e d him an

, ,

add re ss b u t i n his publish e d re ply h e d e cl are d t h at M as on ry w as n o t sui t e d t o t h e c o n di t i on

,

o f I re l an d an d t h at t h e re fo re h e cou l d n o t c o un t e n an ce i t S h ort ly aft e r t his a p arag raph

‘

.
,

app e are d i n t h e p ap e rs an n o u n c i n g t he re viv al Of L o dge N o 441 i n t h e 3 8 t h F o ot an d t he .

,

1
Cli am b e rs s
’
di g t Cl v l ( p
J o u rn a M d m d X i t ill s wh h d b
l , 18 8 2 , p .
giv th
400 . A ccor n o a e . a a e e a n ra e ,
o a een en e

r k f
an pt i f s vi i w by t h F i st C s l w m d M s t P is i t h L dg F é A t ist s f
o ca a n or er ce n ar, e r on u , as a e a a on a ar n e o e r re s - r e , o

whi h m y F
c h ffi s w m m b s A i id t f t h l t A m i Civil W pp s t b
an re n c O ce r e re ll f e s wi t h er . n nc en o e a e e r can ar a e ar o e on a - ou r

t h s t i s f M iss S t L g
e or e d M
o B ll Th li f f y g I ish m t k
e e r an d h d d g ill by p t y f
rs e . e e o a oun r an , a e n re - an e as a ue r a a ar o

th e I w R gim t i 1 8 61 w sp d— i t is l t d— t h gh his sis t m ki g M s i sig f

o a e en n ,
as li f i t are so re a e rou er a n a a on c n or re e ,

p i g E x m i t i t h t h h d p ss d llt h d g s ( W kly B dg t U S A M h 2 8
ro v n on a na on a s e a a e a e e re e ee u e ,
. . . arc ,

Th 3 8 t h f m d t h s t m i g p t y t t h
2
e or tt k d e pt f t his i t y
e The l l wh w m t lly
or n ar a e a ac an ca ure o c . c o on e , o as or a

w o und d ft et i g th b
,
a h s v y d th s
er en e r n s pp t d by his d ly s g t J m s M t t h ws ( m m b
e re ac ur e e e ce n e , u or e or e r e r e an ,
a e a e a e er

o f t h L dg )
e d his dyi g w ds w
o e , B v 3 8 th my b v
an gim t n or e re , ra o, , ra e re en .

Th M i d
3
L dg e i t h 2 ot h F t
n enti d t w k th R A d g
o e d t h i igi l w
n t e t il oo , con nue o or e . e re e un er e r or na arran un

O t b
c o 9 1 8 3 8 wh
er s p t h t w iss d by t h G d Ch pt f I l d
, , en a e ara e c ar e r as ue e ran a er o re an .

Th f ll wi g si g l
4
e t y pp
o s i th
o n li R A n d 18 03 —T F ll
u ar e n r E sig w p d dfa e ar n e e ar er . . re c o r . . a on , n n, as ro u ce or

t
e n ran ce b t d li d , d w dis m iss d w i t h t h
u ec s lp
ne ti, s an as e e u ua re c au on .
40 0 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .

H ib e rn i a an d (or Bl ac k Wat ch) at t ract e d admi rat i o n a

S t A n d re w lik e ,
i n t he 4 2 d F o o t , ,

for t h e i r m art i al app e aran c e an d M as o n i c b e h av i o ur .

The e x ac t ran k o f t h e H o n A rt ill e ry C o mp an y o f L on d o n h as n e v e r b e e n d e fi n i t e ly .

s e t t le d A ccordi n g t o t he his t ori an o f t h e co rps t h e m e mb e rs are u s u ally classe d w i t h t h e

.
,
“

V o lu n t e e rs w hi ch p ro p e rly sp e aki n g t h e y are n o t ; an d i t is s t ill an o p e n q u e s t ion w h e t h e r

, , ,

t h e o ffi ce rs w o uld ran k b e fo re o r aft e r mili t i a o ffi ce rs o r w i t h t h e m accordi n g t o t he d at e s o f ,

t h e i r c o mmissio n s .

N O L od g e h as ye t b e e n e s t ablish e d i n t he I n di an N at iv e A rm y t h o ugh t he e re ct io n o f ,

o n e — t o b e call e d J oh n o f G au n t i n t he E as t —i n t he 1 5t h M ad ras N I w as all bu t carrie d

“
. .
,

i n t o e ffe ct i n 1 8 58 .

2
S E A LOD G E S .

On Bo ar t h e Van d g u ard , 2 54, E .

,
1 7 60 . On Bo ar t h e d Pi r n ce , 2 79, E .
,
1 7 62 .

On Bo ar t he Can ce au x, d at Q b ue e c, 2 2 4, E .
, 1 7 62 .

3
B R I TI S H A N D I RI S H F I E LD L OD G E S .

C A V A L RY .

ls t Li f e Gu ar ds , Tru t h , 57 1 , E .
, 1 79 8 . 3 d , R A Un . . i on , 2 1 1, s .
, 1 7 8 5-1 8 52 . 2 11, E .
, 1 7 56-8 o
2 s

1 9 7, A .
,
7 1 8 06 . 339, A .
,

D R A GOON GUA R D s .
4t h, Un i on S .
, 179 6 . 2 55, L , 1 7 55-8 5 .

50, L , 8 1 8 1 5 1 79 , I
1 st , Ge o r g e , 52 0 , E .
, 1 78 0 1 8 1 3 - .
.

S phi x 1 79 , I 1 8 68
2 8 9, I 1 7 57 -8 3 n , .

2d,
.
,
9 60, I 1 8 05 2 8
.
-
.
,
,
. .

2 9 7, I 1 7 58 -1 8 1 8 2 3 4, I 1 7 52 -1 8 1 5
4t h , S t Ptik
a rc , 2 9 5, I .
,
4
l7 58 .
.
,
. .
, .

1 2 3, A 1 7 63 607 , I 1 7 8 2 -8 8
5t h , 2 77, I 1 7 57 9 5 ,
. .
-
.
, .

.
, .

1 7 7 7 -1 8 1 3 400, I 1 7 9 1 1 8 49
Ch it y ar , 57 0, l , 1 7 8 0 .
5 .
508 , E .
,
. .
,
.

1 7 9 7 -1 8 8 7 2 73 , I
S l m
3 11 , A 1 7 56-1 8 2 2
663 , E 1 8 15 2 8
. . .
.
, ,
a a an c a, .
,
-
.

8 7 6, I 9 2 9 , L , 1 8 03 -1 9
577 , I 1 7 8 0 1 8 58
. .
-

Q s
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,

6 1 th ue e n 188, s 1 77 6-1 8 1 6 47 8 , I 1 7 69 -9 5
3 05, I 1 7 58
. .
, , .
, .

. .
,
2 62 , A .
, 1 8 07 -2 4 . 2 8 5, A .
,
1 7 9 4-1 8 2 8 .

2 8 0, I .
, 1 7 57 -1 8 1 5 . 2 18, I .
,
1 8 73 .

D R A GOON S .
7 52 , E 1 8 2 2 -3 2 . 1 8 t h , lst S q u ad ro n , 38 8 , I . 1 7 62 -1 8 1 3
.
, , .

3 8 4, I .
, 1 7 9 9 -1 8 00 . 1 58 , I .
,
1 7 47 -1 8 1 5 . 24 38 9, I .
, 1 7 62 -1 8 2 1 .

K .
, ( ci rca ) 1 7 47 . 3 56, I .
,
1 7 60-1 8 1 8 . 7 59 , L , 1 7 9 2 .

S t An d re w, 1 58 , S .
, 1 7 7 0 -1 8 1 6 . 2 8 4, A .
, 1 7 9 4-1 8 1 3 . 8 73, I .
1 .

1
Ra ik s e , vo l i i . .
,
p xxv . .
9
ff C
O . h ps XVI I p 3 45 ; XX p 48 2 ;
a . .
, . .
, . an d XXII I p .
, . 67 .

3
E e A N A I rON s
' '

.
—E d . e n ot e s E n gli sh G L . . o f E gl d t il 1 8 1 3 d U i t d
n an un , an n e G L . . aft e rwar ds) ; A .
,

A n ci e n t s ; I I ri sh ; S .
, S cott i sh ; K .
, K i lwi n n i n g ; Gi b .
, Gi bra ltar ; J am J am ai ca ; U G , Upper Cana d a ; L O ,
. . . .

L owe r Canad a ; N E . .
, N ew E n gl
an d ; N Y . .
,
N e w Yo rk , an d N S , N ova S cot i a ,. Wh e n k n o wn , t he n am e is giv en

b f t h m b f L dg A s d d t d t s s
e o re e nu l st gis t b t i t h m j i t y f
er o a ot e. e co n a e e no e e ra u re or a re e r, u n e a or o ss d m
ca e or an

L dg s t i d t b sh w i t h Lis t s f m y y s ft t h y h d vi t lly s d t xist

o e con nue o e o n n e or an e ar a er e a r ua ce a e o e .

F p vi s ll si s t t h g
or
re l s bj t t h ou d is f d t Ch ps XVI I I pp 41 8 41 9 ; XIX pp
a u on o e e n e ra u ec , e re a er re e rre o a . .
, .
, .
, .

443 450 ; XX pp 48 2 49 3 ; XXL p 8 ; XXII pp 42 44 ; X XII I

, .
, pp 53 54 58 60 62 63 7 4 ; d X XI X
.
, , . .
, .
-
.
, .
, ,
-
, , ,
an .
,

pp 3 1 3 3 2 6 l q 3 3 7 d f t i l s
.
, M ili t y M s
c y by t h p s t w i t t t h F m
se .
, Ch i l an o r ar c e on
“
ar a on r e re e n r e r, o e re e ason s
’
ron c e ,

J y 3 J ly 1 0 d 2 d O t b 2 1 8 8 0 d t h V i f M s y 1 8 8 0 p 7 48
an u ar , u an , an c o er , , an e o ce o a on r , , . .

W 4
t s d d 1 8 3 0 iss d 1 8 78
arran W
u rre n t t d 1 8 58 iss d 1 8 63
e re , re ue , .
5 arran re u rn e , re ue , .

Ex h g d f
9 N 7 18 17
c ll d 1 8 58
an e C l s d by
or d f o .
, c an c e e , .
7 o e or e r o

Ex h g d f N 4 18 18
c ll d i 1 8 2 1
an e Ex h g d f N
or 1 2 1 8 17
o ll d i 1 8 2 7
.
, ca e n, .
9 c an e or o. , ca e n, .
 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .
40 1

R OY AL A RTI LL 1
ER Y .

1 st Bat h , ” S c ot an l d 1 3 4, A 1 7 64 7 4 - 5t h Bat t .
, E ast bou rn e , 1 01 , A .
,
18 12 2 3 . Q b ue e c, Jh St o n, 2 41 , A .
,
7 1 78 7 .

ylJmi
. .
, ,

Ch t h ma a 1 8 7, A 1 77 4 7 7 - 6t h yl
Ce 32 9 A on , ,
.
, 1 8 02 3
0 . Pt R o . a ,
a a c a, 2 62 , A .
, 1 7 9 0 -1 8 05 .

l tt
. .
, ,

Gib l t Gib l t
8 179 8
ra ar, 2 3 0, A S
178 5 . 9 th 18 7 A ra ar, , . 18 12 22 . Ca cu a, 3 17, A .
,
.

Gib l t
.
,

P ther , 1 48 , 1 7 67 .
1 0t h S Af i 3 54 A
. r c a, , .
,
1 8 1 2 51 . ra ar, 2 an d 5, G ib .
,
1 8 02 .

1 78 1 . Gib l t 3 56 A ra ar, , .
, 18 13 2 1 4
. 4, 5, 9 , an d 1 1 , Gib .
,
18 11 .

1 44, A .
, ci r . 1 8 04 . RI H Ar
. . t C l h st
.
,
1 5-6 A o c e e r, ,
.
,
1 8 09 -2 8 . Q b ue 40 A 1 8 04 1 4
e c, ,
.
,
- .

ib l t W l wi h 8 6 H li f x V i gi
9
G ra ar, 2 09 , A .
, 1 779 . oo c , ,
1 7 61 . a 2 N S
a 1 78 2
, r n, ,
. .
,
.

Gib l t ra ar, 3 45, A .

, 1 8 09 2 7 -
. p
Ca t . We bd e lls Cm py ‘
. 1 8 3, A .
, 1 773 . R y l S t d d 39 N S 1 8 19 o a an ar , , . .
, .

R OYA L E NG N E E RS I .

“
Div . of A rt ifi ce rs, J e rse y, 2 9 3 , A .
, 1 79 5 . R I M i l A rt i fi ce rs, d o
. . .
,
3 50, A .
, 1810 . 3 7 t h Cm py R E . . .
, 1 2 3 5, E ,
1 8 63 64 -
.

F o or G UAR DS .

Co ldst re am Re gi m e n t, P sv er e e ran ce , 49 2 , 1 7 76 .

I N FA N TR Y R E GI M E N TS .

11, I .
, 1 7 3 2 -1 8 47 . 2 55, E .
,
1 7 55-1 8 1 3 .

74 I , .
, 1 7 3 7 11 1 8 01 . 2 46, L , 1 7 54-7 0 .

3 8 1, I .
, 1 7 62 -65 . 18 3, A .
,
1 8 03 -2 9 .

Unity P . an d C .
, 57 4, E .
,
179 8 . 1 7 7 , L , 1 7 48 -55 .

RI This t l
. e 28 9, S .
, 1 8 08 -52 . 2 9 9 , L , 1 7 58 -1 8 08 .

2 4 4, L , 1 7 54 -1 8 2 5 . 3 7 8 , L , 1 7 61 -65 .

8 9 0, L , 1 7 62 -1 8 1 5 . 72, A 0
,

1 7 0, A .
, 1 7 7 1 -9 2 . 604, I .
, 1 7 8 2 -9 4 .

1 47 , s .
,
1 7 69 -1 8 09 . 3 1 3, A .
,
1 7 9 8 -1 8 1 3 .

52 2 , L , 1 7 8 5-1 8 2 3 58 , M S
'
1 2 t h, D o fN l7 47 -1 8 09
’
. . fo lk s, .
, .

9 1, I .
, 1 8 57 -65 . M t Ca . lp e, 1 1 1 6, E .
, 1 8 60 .

8 6, L , 1 53 , A .
,
1 7 68 -7 6 .

S t Ge o r g e , 3 53 , A .
,
1 8 1 2 -62 . 63 7 , I .
, 1 7 8 4-8 8 .

643 , I .
, 1 7 8 5-1 8 00 . 661 , I .
, 1 7 8 7 -1 8 1 9 .

646, I .
, 1 78 5 . 2 1 1 , L , 1 7 50-61 .

4, L O , 1 8 04 . . . 58 , A .
, 1 7 59 -1 8 1 3 . 2 2 d, M or a ih ,

Ort hs e , 68 9 , E .
,
18 17 . Un i on , 3 38 , A .
,

38 , I
’
.
, 1 7 50 . Offi ce rs L .
, 3 47 , A .
, 1 8 1 0-1 3 .

2 31, I .
, 1 7 52 . I nt e g ity r , 7 7 1 , E , 1 8 46 . .

13
1 53 , A .
, ci r 1 8 0 4 . . 2 45, L , 1 7 54 .

2 an d 7, L O , 1 8 0 4 . . . 2 9 3 , I , 1 7 58 1 8 1 7 . .

1
The L dg s io e n the H E . . I . C A rt . ill y h v b
er a e e e n re fe rre dt o i n t he l st h pt
a c a er ( I n di a) . See a ls o C h p X VI I
a . .
,

p . 3 50 .

2
S i n ce 1 8 59 t he com p is an e hv b a e een li k d t g t h
n e o e b ig d s i s t d f b t t li s
e r in r a e n ea o a a on .

3 Uni t d wi t h Ne o . 1 3 in 1 8 2 6 . P s t S t J h s L dg Gib l t 4
re e n o n
’
o e, r
a ar.
5
P h s d th N
u rc a e e o. 9 (A ) i n 1 7 8 7 .
,
n ow A lbi on , No 2 , . un d th G L f Q b
er e . . o ue ec .

3
P h s d th N
u rc a e e o. 7 (A ) in 1 78 8 , . n ow No 13 . . N w d th G L f Q b 7 o un er e . . o ue ec .

3
N ow N o 2 2 9 . .
9 N os 2 an . d 39 b m N 829 d 8 3 5 ( E ) t H li f x i
e ca e os . an . a a a n 18 29 .

1°
i hd w d f t d by d
Warran t w t (N t i G L R g )ra n an e e re u rn e or e r o f t he G M . . o e n . . e .

N wN 7 R y l Y k L dg
11
o fP s vo. ,
o a or o e o er e e ran ce .

This d t is giv
12
by B k ( t p 3 3 1 ) — t h y 1 7 8 3 pp s i t h G L R ds— d t h P k t C rn
a e en ar e r an e , . e e ar a e ar n e . . e cor an e oc e o

p i D bli sh ws ly t hi t y s v I ish L dg s xist i g i 1 7 3 5

an on , u n, o on r e en r o e as e n n .

I D w 13
List D bli 1 8 04 ly
n o ne 3
’
A t p 53
, u n, , on .
1“
n e, . .

A L dg 15
t h 1 7 t h F ( whi h
o i d B st
e in J 1 1 7 7 6) eh w t t his mb th lls f t h G L . c ai i ve 111 o on , an . ,
is s o n a nu e r on e ro o e . .

of E gl d (A ) d P sylv i
n an d th w t .pt d by t h A m i
an w
e nnt d t t h U i ty L dg an a, an e ari an ca u re e ei c an s as re urn e o e n o e,

N 18 i o.t h 1 7t h F, by G n l P s s i 1 7 7 9 Th S t t i h L d g ( 1 68 ) h t h s m m d I t hi k m st
e .
,
e n e ra ar o n ,
n . e co s o e e re e a e na e , an n u

h v b m N 1 8 t h P vi i l List Cf F m i l J ly 1 0 d 24 d O t 2 1880
’
a e e co e o. Ch on e ro nc a . . re e asons ro n c e , u an , an c .
, .

Ex h g d f N1“
2 58 1 8 2 4
c ant d 1 8 47 e or P v GL o .
, re u rn e , .
‘7
ro . . .

E x h g d f it
1“
ld cmb an 18 17 l st gis t 1 8 2 2
e or C fi m d 1 7 67
s o nu er a re e r, .
19
on r e , .

C ll d 1 8 2 1
2°
w d 18 8 2
an ce e , re n e e , .
 SE A AND F IE LD L OD GE S
40 2
.

42 6, E 1 7 68 1 8 1 3 . G ib l t ra ar, 12 8 , 52 d , x dshi
O fo r re , 8 53 , E .
, 1 8 3 0-62 .

9 2, I .
,
I
1 7 49 1 8 1 5 - . 2 9 0, L , 1 7 58 -1 8 1 3 . 2 44, L ,
1 8 3 2 -3 7 .

2 50, I 2
18 19 42 , A .
, N D . 2 3 6, I .
, 1 7 53 -7 5 .

L
. .
,

Cam e ro n i an , 3 09 , I .
,
3
1 7 58 . 2 04, I .
, 1 8 1 0-1 3 . 9 50, , 1 8 0 4-2 4 .

2 4, I 1734 . 2 8 4, I 1 8 2 1 -58 . 669 , E .

, 1 8 3 8 -62 .
.
,
.
,
19
52 8 , I . 1 7 8 7 -1 8 1 5 .
1 9 5, L , 1 7 49 -1 8 1 5 .
]S 1 7 43 .

69 2 , I .
,
1 8 08 1 8 - . H ib e rn a, i 42 , L , 1 8 09 40 - . 7, N Y ,
20
1 7 62
. . .

3 5, I .
, 1 73 4 . St An d re w, 3 1 0, 56t h , Ge o r g II I e .
, 1 01 , S , 1 7 60-1 8 09
. .

NE 4 1 7 58 . St P t i ks
a r c
’

, 1 56, S .
, 1 7 69 -1 8 1 6 .

Ro ylA h a rc , 51 0, I .
,
1 7 7 3 -1 8 2 4 . R ai n sford , 467 , 1 7 8 4-1 8 1 3 .
41 , A .
, 1 7 55
22
.

6 an d 9 , Gi b 1 8 04 . 78 8 , I 1793 3, N Y . .
,
1 78 3 .
.
, .
, .

2 60, L 1 8 09 1 5 - . 4 45, I , 1 7 66 7 3 - .
7 0 4, E .
, 1 8 1 8 -2 4 .

L
.
,

Glt t rn g S t ar, 3 2 2 , I 5
1 7 59 . 2 72 , A 1 7 9 2 1 8 07 - .
466, ,
1 7 69 -1 8 1 7 .

L
. .
, .
,

8 5, I . 173 8 . 2 2 7, I .
IS
1 7 52 -1 8 4 7 .
69 2 , ,
1 78 9 .

, ,
2S
53 5, l , .
6
17 76 . 1 9 2 , L , 1 7 48 1 8 2 3 - .
3 32 , A .
,
1 8 05-2 3 .

3 ls t , F o rt Ge o r g e, 1 0 0, S .
,
1 7 60 1 8 52 -
. 1 47 , L , 1 8 1 0 2 3 -
.
2 43, I .
, 1 7 54-9 7 .

S t Ge o r g e , 1 08 , S .
,
7
1 7 61 -1 8 1 6 . 2 18 , I .
,
14
1 7 50 -1 8 58 .
2 19, L , 1 8 1 0-1 7 .

Q5
5, Gi b .
8
1 8 02 . 9 8 2 , L , 1 8 06-1 7 .
4 48 , E .
,
I 7 64 .
,

Mer idi an , 1 0 45, E .

, 1 8 58 . 3 54, L , 1 7 60-1 8 49 . 7,
L
_

61 6, L , 1 7 8 3 —
88 . 62 d , 407 , ,
1 7 63 -8 6 .

Whi t e ’
s , 73, S .
, 1 7 54-1 8 09 . 1 1 3 , L , 1 7 63 -7 0 .
63 d ,
61 7 , I .
, 1 78 3 8 5 -
. 112, A .
, 1 7 63 4 8 3 0 . 64t h , D . of Y k or ,
1 06, -s .
, 1 7 61 -1 8 1 6 .

58 , L , 1 8 57 63 - .
68 6, I 1 7 8 8 -1 8 1 7 .

9 0, A .
, 1 7 61 1 8 1 3 -
. 5lst Oran g e ,
9 4, A .
, 1 7 61 1 8 0 5 -
.
1 3 0, I .
, 1 8 1 7 - 58 .

68 1 , E 1 8 1 6-2 9 9 4, L , 1 7 63 -1 8 1 5 1 774 .
,
. . .

4 66, E .
9
1 7 8 4- 1 8 1 3 . 69 0, I 15
1 7 8 8 -9 6 .
63 1 , I .
, 1 78 4 .

, .
,

3 40, A .
, 1 8 07 3 2 o
. 2 7 4, s .
, 1 8 01 .
392 , L ,

2 0 5, I .
, 1 7 49 -9 0 . 67 7 , E .
, 1 8 1 6-43 .
53 8 , L , 1 777 9 0 -
.

542 , I .
,
1 7 7 7 -8 0 . 3 7 0, L , 1 7 61 4 8 2 5 .
58 0, I .
, 1 7 8 0 -9 0 .

559 , 2 2 6, E .
, 1 7 62 -1 8 1 3 . 656,
3O
52 , A .
,
1 7 56 1 8 1 3 -
. 3 09 , A .
,
1 7 9 7 1 8 01 o
. 1 7 5, A .
, 1 772 .

N . H an t s , 7 2 6, E .
, 1 8 44-62 . 1 7 0, A .
,
16
1 8 01 -1 3 . 338 , L ,
1 8 1 5-2 6 .

441 , I .
, 1 7 65 . 53 , 7 1 4, L ,
1790 .

1
L dg h st h vi g b l s t t M st i G m y
The o e c e w w s t d t B wi k D 2
a n een o a un e r, n er an ,
a ne on e as con e cra e a er c ,
ec .
,

1 7 63 ( M i t s f S t A bb L dg
nu e N 70 o E y m th) o e, o. e ou .

Ex h g d f N
2
c 25 1823
an w t
e t d 18 39
or Ex h g d f N
o. 2 6 i 18 2 3
, arran re u rn e , .
3
c an e or o. n

P vi i l w
4
ro t g t d t h ld
nc a L d g t L isb g arran W t t d 1820ran e w d 1 8 54 o o a o e a ou ur .
5
arran re u rn e , re n e e , .

A pp 6
t ly x h g d f N 3 0 i 1 8 05 l st gist 1 8 06
are n e c an e or o . n a re e r, .

Ch t7 fi m d 1 8 05
ar e r co n P
r G L e ,
P vi sly N 1 7 L C
.
3 re v . . .
9 re ou o. , .

Ex h g d f
1°
N c 3 6 1 78 1
an t d 1 8 48
e W
or t w d A p il 1 1 8 1 9
o .
, re u rn e , .
11
arran re n e e r , .

E igh t y i
12
m mb s w ll d wi t hi i m t hs f i t
-n ne e s it t i er d fi ft y i t ts w d mit t d i
e re e n ro e n n ne on o s co n t u on an n ran e re a e n

th f e m
ou r t hs i m m di t ly f ll wi g t h B t t l
on fW t l e a e o o n e a e o a e r oo .

L dg f S i l d M ilit y Vi t s w A t i q i t y N 1 Q b
13
o e o oc a an Cf H yd p 31 ar r ue ,
no
“
n u o .
, ue e c.
14
. a en, . .

Cf 15
t p 3 68 . an e , . .

T h 2 d B t t 52 d F t w
16
e m d t h 9 6t h F a t 1 8 03. t h 9 5t h 1 8 1 6 d disb d d 1 8 1 8
oo as a e e ee , e , an an e .

A ft w ds N
17
8 42
er th g arl list d st t i y L d g t il b t 1 8 3 8 wh i t w t t h d t t h
o . on e e n e ra , an a a on ar o e un a ou , en as a ac e o e

R ifl B ig d
e r a e .

A s m
18
w p h d t S t J h N w B s wi k D m b 2 6 1 7 8 6 b f r t h m m b s f L dg i t his
er on as re ac e a o n, e ru n c ,
e ce er , , e o e e e er o a o e n

re gi m t I t gist y h w v I h v f il d t t
en . s re r , o e e r, a e a e o race .

Th fi s t M ili t y L dg
1°
e rd t h C L f S t l d Cf t p 53 ar oB st R ds
e un er e . . o co an . . an e , . .
20
o on e co r .

59 t h F t i D w
91 s list 1 8 04 oo n P GL o T h L dg h ld
ne disp s t i f m 1 7 8 0
’

, .
2“
. . . e o e e a en a on ro .

A t p 3 08
93
n e , . . Th R y l A m i s 1 7 57 1 8 1 6 "
9
e o a e r can ,
-
.

W 25
t igi lly g t d i 1 7 64 by t h P v G M f N w Y k t Li t J Ch is t i 6ot h F t M st
arran or na ran e n , e ro . . . o e or o eu . . r e, oo , as a e r,

an d th s t m t
o er L dg N 1 t D t i t B m N 62 i 1 8 06 d l t N 3 G L f N w Y k ; d is
, o ee as o e o . a e ro . e ca e o . n ,
an a er o. . . o e or an

no w Zi L dg N 1 G L f M i hig
on o e o . . . o c an .

P G L Th L dg w t b h ld i H M L y l A m i R gi m t ls wh
26
. . . e o e Cf t p 58
as o e e
“
n . . o a e r can e en or e e e re . . an e , . .

Cf B
27
p 3 77
. re n n an , N t iss d . . Cf p t M yl d 28
o ue .
29
. os ,
ar an .

T 3°
s f d t RI C ish M i s; 1 8 07 b m st t i y L d g 1 8 2 6 W N 1 3 1 T
ran e rre o . o rn ner e ca e a a on ar o e, 11 0 o . ru ro .
40 4 SE A AND F I E LD L OD GE S .

A .
, 1 8 04 . S lig o, 8 3 7, I 1 7 9 6-1 8 3 5 . We x fo rd , 9 3 5, I .
, 18 03 2 4 .

M on a gh an , 552 , I .
, 1 79 6 . S ou t hd o wn , 2 1 4, I .
, 1 8 1 0-1 5 . Wi ckl o w , 8 48 , I .
, 1 7 9 6-1 8 1 5 .

2 0 0, I .
,
S t ad o rd slli 1 e , '

3 2 7, 1 8 01 . 8 77, I .
, 1 8 00 .

M o n m ou t h , 664, E .
, 1 8 1 52 2 . Tipp e rar y , 8 56, L , 1 7 9 7 -1 8 2 5 . Wil t s , L y lty
o a ,
2 8 2, A .
, 1 7 9 4-1 8 3 4 .

Q ue e n
’
sC ou n t y , 8 57 , I .
,
1 7 9 7 -1 8 3 2 . Ty ro n e , 8 46, I .
, 1 7 9 6-1 8 1 8 .

39 8 , L ,
1 8 0 5-1 0 . 562 , L ,
1 7 9 7 -1 8 3 0 . s
( E a t ), S t Ge o rg e , 442 , E .
, 178 2 .

Ro s co m m o n , 2 42 , I .
, 1 8 0 8 -2 0 . Warwi ckshi re ,
S h k sp
a e e are , 501 E 3
( We s t ) Un i o n , , 62 6, E .
, 18 11 .

S h pshi
ro re ,
’
Sa l pio an , 1 53 A .
, 18 10 . We s t m e at h 4 , 791, I .
, 1 7 9 3 -1 8 2 6 .
(N . L D un d as, 67 4, E
. .
,
1 8 15 .

H ON OURABLE A RTI LL E RY C OM PA N Y OF L ON DON .

A rm ou r H o u y s F i sb y F i t z y
e, n ur ,
ro , 8 30 E

F E N CI BLE R E GI M E NTS .

P . of Wal e s F . Ca vly a r , 312 , A .

,
1 79 8 . Bre a d lba an e F .
,
9 07 , I .
,
1 8 01 -1 3 . E ss xe 8 2 5, I .
, 1 7 9 6-1 8 1 3 .

E .
,
1 79 9 . E lgi F
n .
, 8 60, 1 7 9 8 -1 8 1 3 .

No v a S co ti L y lS
a, o a urre yR g s an er , 58 7 , E .
,
1 8 01 -1 3 .

G ARR I S ON AN D VE TE RAN BA TTALI ONs .

Garr is on Bat t . 1 2 5, I .
,
1 8 08 -1 4 . 4t h Gar Bat t , . 1 8 09 -3 2 . 8 t h Garr Bat t .

4t h 9 8 6, I .
,
1 8 1 0 -1 5 . 7th 9 9 2 , l , 1 8 08 -1 5 . . lst Vot e r .

4t h Ve t e ran Bat t a li on, 988, I .

, 1 8 08 -1 5 .

A UX ILI AR Y C ORPS (F OR E IGN ) .

R e g OfA n spach
. R e c t on
’
s H an o v i e r an Br ig d a e, 2 32 , A .
,
6
Re g . o fA n ho lt - Z bst er ,
51 6, E .
,
178 7 .

1 78 6 . Tu r kish Con ti g t
n en , 3 73 , S .
,
1 8 56-64 .

F I
ORE GN AN D C OLON I A L R E GI M E NTS .
7

S cot Br s ig d a e, H o llan d , Un i on , 1 2 1 , S .
,
8
Pr E d w I
. . .
,
S t Ge or g e, 2, N S . .
,
1 78 1 . Pr E d w I
. . .
, 2 6,
1 7 64 . New J sy
er e Vo l unte e r s , S t Ge or g e, 2, lst A m e r can R e i gi m t 3 en , ,

Si ili F t N pl s
c an oo , a e , 43 3 , E .
,
9
1 7 68 . N Y . .
, 17 8 3 . No v a S co t i a Re gi m t 2 4
en , , N S . .
, 1 8 04 .

G is H lif x U i
arr on , a a , n on , 1, N S . .
, 1 78 1 Ki g s . n
’
RI Can a. di s an , Gle n garry, 1 , L C . . 1 8 05 .

M ili t y ( d ar un er Tra v lli g W

e n arran t ), 54 N S . .
,
18 2 6 .

1
A n te , p . 44 .
2
E x h g df N
c an e or o . 2 09 , 1 8 0 3 ; e ra sd e , 1827 .

3
A N orw i h L dg
c o e , ta k by t h R gim t i
en e e en n 1 7 9 6, an d b rou ght t W wi k i o ar c n 1 8 02 , w e re i t h b e cam e st t i a on ar y ,

in spi t e of t he o pp si t i o on o f t h m ili t y m m b s
e ar e er ,
i n 1 8 08 .

4
A n te , p . 44 .

5
ssist t s i t his y s t i d t h f m t i f M s i L dg t
The C o u rt of A sist f m m b s f t h
an n e ar an c on e e or a on o a a on c o e o con o e er o e

mp y ly A p p s l t st blish t h H t h A t ill y C m p y s L dg w g d t i 1 7 8 1 b t ’
co an on . ro o a o e a e on . e r er o an o e as a re e o n ,
u

ne g ti v d t t h xt C t (G A R ik s H ist f t h H A t C m p y ) A lt h gh t h F i t z R y L dg w
a e a e ne ou r . . a e , o e on . r . o an . ou e
“ - o o e , no

N 569 is s t t i
o . yi s s
,
h vi g m t hit h t t t h A m y H s f t h C m p y i t w ld wi t h t
a on ar n a e n e , as a n e er o a e r ou r ou e o e o an ,
ou ,
ou

d btou mp y t h t dist i g ish d ps sh ld i t v h g i t h d q t s i t i m f p

,
ac co an a b y d wi t h
n u e c or ou e er c an e s ea - u ar e r n e o e ace , or e arra e

th g l f s i t im f w
e re u ar o rce n e o ar.

P b bly g t d t t h L dg p vi sly m d ?
6
ro a ran e o e o e re ou na e

Th d t s pp d d t t h six t h
7 e a e d th f ll wi g L dg s m
a ly d t t h t t h y xi t d i t h s y s
en e o e an re e o o n o e e re eno e a e e s e n o e e ar .

S 9 4t h F t
8 ee A t p 298
oo .
9 n e, . .
 SE A A ND F I E LD L OD GE S .
40 5

E X IS TI N G B R ITI S H F I E LD L ODGE S 1
,

4i h Dra gG .
'
rd s, S t I .
, 1 7 58 1 2 t h F t C lp
. 8 2 4 E 1 8 60 .
,
a e , , .
, . 2 9 th F t . 32 2 , I 1 7 59 .

5t h C ar t , h iy 1 4t h I t g it y n e r ,
3 lst Me r idi an , 7 43 , E .
,
1 8 58 .

l2 t t . Lan ce rs, S ph i n x, 1 7 9 , I .
,
1 8 68 2 0t h S phi x
. 2 63 I 1 8 60 n , , .
, . 38 th 441 , I .
, 1 7 65 .

3 1 6, E .
, 1 79 8 . 2 3d 738 , I .
, 18 8 2 . 3 9 th G ib lt
ra ar, 128, I .
,
1 7 42 .

6t h Ort hs e , 3 52 , E . 2 6t h i
Cam e ro n an , 2 6, I , 1 7 58 . 8 9 th
H on A rt . ill y C
er o mp y L d an , on on , Fi t z roy , 569 , E . 1 8 49 .

S WE DE N — A n G ran d Lo dg e i n forms us t h at t he
an c e n t i d o c um e n t i n t he arc hi v e s of t he
L o dg e S t J e an A u xilai re — i n s t i t u t e d i n 1 7 52 — w as fo rm e d by su n d ry bre t hre n o f t he
mili t ary an d t rav e lli n g Lo dg e s (loge s m i li t ai re s e t voyage u se s) e xis t i n g at t h at t im e bu t w it h
re g ard t o t he n u mb e r Of t h e s e i t i n e ran t b o di e s t h e fi e ld o f t h e i r o p e rat i o n s o r i n d e e d t o an y , ,

furt h e r p art i c ul ars c o n ce rn in g t h e m w e are l e ft w h olly i n t he d ark The n e x t e vid e n ce i n , .

p o in t of d at e — affo rd e d by t he sam e s o urce o f au t h o ri t y— re l at e s t o t h e fo rm at i on o f t he

Lo dge o f t he S we dish A rmy (S ve n ska A rm ée n s) at G re i fs w ald i n Po m e ran i a J an u ary 1 0 .
, , ,

1 7 61 A ccordin g t o i t s s t at ut e s t he s e at o f t h e L o dg e w as t o b e at t he h e adqu art e rs o f t he

.
,

S w e dish army du ri n g t h e c on t i n u an ce o f t he (S e v e n Y e ars ) w ar an d at S t o ckh o l m i n t ime

’
,

o f p e ace C ap t ai n (aft e rwards G e n e ral) t he C o un t o f S alz a w as t he firs t M ast e r an d am on g

.
,

t he o t h e r fo u n d e rs w e re B aron s d e B e ck Tri n s d e C e d e rs t ro m d e D u v al an d t he C o u n t d e -
, , ,

C re u t z — all S we di sh mili t ary o ffi c e rs D u rin g t h e co n t i n u an ce o f t h e war t he L o dge t h re w .

,

o fi sh oot s at G re i fs w ald S t ralsu n d an d Ch ris t i an s t ad t

3
A t t h e p e ace o f 1 7 63 i t re m o v e d t o
'

.
, , ,

S t ockh o lm aft e r h avin g re ce iv e d— F e b ru ary 1 7 — a c on fi rm at i o n o f i t s ch art e r fro m t he G ran d

,

Lo dg e o i S w e d e n The Lo dge o f t h e S w e dish A rmy e st ablish e d a p e n sion fu n d for

.
“

w o u n d e d s o ldi e rs an d t h e re c ipi e n t s o f i t s b o un t y w ore si lv e r m e d als s t ru c k at t he e xp e n s e o f

, ,

t he Lo dg e P ri n ce F re d e ri ck A d olph e D u c d Ost rogot hi e t h e ki n g s b rot h e r w as i t s M ast e r

.
-
,
’

,
’

at t h e p e ri o d o f h i s d e c e as e ; b u t i n 1 7 8 1 i t s l ab o u rs cam e t o an e n d an d t h e m e mb e rs j o i n e d ,

o t h e r Lo dg e s at t he c apit al .

R US S I A — I n 1 7 61 a F i e ld L o dge w as form e d i n t h e R ussi an A rmy w hi ch at t h at t im e had

.
,

i t s w in t e r qu art e rs i n We s t P ru ssi a an d i t s h e adqu art e rs at M ari e n burg A s e c o n d w as , .

e st ablish e d at t h e s am e pl ace i n 1 7 64 w hi c h aft e rwards b e c am e t h e s t at i on ary L o dg e o f t he ,

Thre e To w e rs The l at e s t app e ars t o h av e b e e n . G e orge t he V i ct ori o us con s t i t u t e d by ,

G ran d L o dg e A st re a M arch 1 2 1 8 1 7 , , .

G E R M A N Y — Thro ugh o u t t he e mpi re F i e ld or C amp Lo dg e s are re gard e d as m e re ly

.
,

auxil iary t o t he re gular or s t at i on ary L o dg e s The fo rm e r are i n e v e ry cas e e re ct e d t o s e rve .

l
A u t hori t i e s —M i n u t e s
ds G d L dg f E gl d ; M s i C l d s ; A m y List s ; C an d R e cor ,
ran o e o n an a on c a en ar r an n o n ,

H is t i l R
or ca ds f t h B i ti sh A m y ; R gi m t l H ist i s ; T i m R gi m t s f t h B i t ish A m y ; E ly
e cor o e r r e en a or e r en, e en o e r r ar

H is t i s G L f N w Y k
or e d P .sylv i B . o S t d d H is t y B s t
e or R ds L t t s f m
an enn an a re n n an , an ar or o on e cor e er ro

t h f ll wi g ffi
e o o s f G d L dg s—S B Oldh m I l d D M Ly S t l d ; J J M s C d ; W F
n o ce r o ran o e . . a , re an . . on , co an . . a on , an a a . .

B ti g N w B
un n swi k d G H W k f d P E d w I W B dgl y d J H I s s Q b
,
e ru n c an d . . a e or , r. . . . a e an . . ac on , ue ec an

N . f B i t ish gi m t s —W R b t s
o r2 6th F t A P t s 2 9 th
re W G y d 3 8 t h J H t ( d ls
en . o er on , oo . a e r on , . ou ar ,
. or on an a o

M j a orJ P w ll) 3 9 t h d M E d w d B
. o es h l m st R A Gib l t
, an r ar acon , c oo a e r, . .
, ra ar.

Th p s t
2
mb s e h giv b t p t t his p i t t h v i s h g s x p t i t h
re en nu er are f t h I ish e re e n, u u o o n e ar o u c an e , e ce n e case o e r

L dg s h v t b
o e , d d A ll t h m b s h w v b
a e no by t h S t t ish F i ld L dg s will b f d i t h
een re cor e . e nu er ,
o e e r, o rn e e co e o e ,
e ou n n e

C s t i t t i s G L f S t l d p 1 66 ; whils t t h s
on u on , f th
. ti b dy f E glish L dg s f m 1 7 2 9 d w t t h
. o co an , . o e o e en re o o n o e ro o n o e

p s t dt
re e n
gi v by L i his M s i R ds
a e , are w k f xt di y m i t i v lvi g v st l b
en an e n
“
a on c e cor ,
”
a or o e raor n ar er ,
n o n a a o u r,

whi h p c t t gl t h sk l t
1 e se n s a hi t y f v y L dg f E glish m t
a it yan ce e e e on s o1 o e er o e o n a ei n .

9
I 1 7 62 C l f t h Th
n G i ffi G s t v s A d lph s f t h Th
. ar R ys od (p ssibly ) C n d sp t iv ly
e i ee i n s, u a u o u o e re e a ,
an o o cor ,
re ec e .
40 6 S E A AND F I E LD L OD GE S .

a t e mp orary pu rp o s e
b e fore a c an did at e is ac ce p t e d fo r i n i t i at i o n h e is re quire d t o n am e
, an d ,

o n e o f t he l at t e r as t h e L o dg e h e w ill re p ai r t o fo r admissi on w h e n t h e w arran t Of t h e m o v abl e ,

an d t ran sit ory b o dy is su rre n d e re d o r w i t h d raw n The y o n ly e xis t i n t im e o f w ar o r w h e n .

,

an app e al t o arms is b e li e v e d t o b e imp en di n g I n t h e l as t c e n t u ry t h e re we re Mili t ary .

(wh i c h s o m e t im e s b e cam e F i e ld) L o d g e s Th e s e w e re con s t i t u t e d i n garrison s an d fort re sse s .

du ri n g p e ace as w e ll as w ar E x ampl e s are afford e d by t h e t h re e L odg e s w hi ch h e ad t h e .

su bj o i n e d t able Th e firs t w as fou n d e d by F re d e ri ck t h e G re at 1 t he s e con d by F re n ch

.
,

p ris on e rs Of w ar 2 an d t he t hird by milit ary Offi ce rs i n P o t sd am The F l ami n g S t ar origin ally

,
.
,

3
a Mili t ary L o dg e w as e s t ablish e d F e b ru ary 2 4 1 77 0 i t b e i n g t h ou gh t d e si rabl e by K rug e r
, , ,

t o t ak e t h e b re t h re n o f Milit ary ran k o u t o f all t h e L o d ge s an d t o e re c t a s e p arat e L o dge for ,

t h e m w hi ch i n t he c as e o f w ar migh t foll o w t h e cam p an d e x e mpli fy t h e b e n e fi t s o f Mas o n ry

, , , ,

i n t h e fi e ld F ro m t his t im e all mili t ary can did at e s we re s e n t t o t h e F l ami n g S t ar for

.

i n i t iat i on .

I n 1 7 7 8 t h e re w as a co n c e n t rat i o n Of t ro o ps b ot h i n S ax on y an d S il e si a an d t h e mi li t ary
, ,

d u t i e s o f t h e Mas t e r— M ars ch all von Bi e b e rst e i n — t aki n g him i n t he form e r dire ct i on h e w as ,

accomp an i e d b y t h e F l am i n g S t ar w hils t a b ran c h or D isp e n s at i on L o dg e — d u ly con s t it ut e d

‘

by t h e G M — u n d e r Maj o r v o n Kl e is t p ro ce e d e d t o di ff us e M as on i c ligh t i n t he o t h e r On
. . .

A ugus t 2 3 1 77 9 t h e b re t h re n w e re re u n i t e d i n a si n gl e Lo dg e whi ch is s
, , t ill i n e xis t e n ce at ,

B e rli n .

N os 1 2 1 4 o n t h e lis t w e re als o e re ct e d i n S ax o n y an d S il e si a i n t h e c o mm e n c e m e n t o f
.

t h e B av ari an War o f S u cce ssi o n — t he m o s t imp ort an t b e i n g t h e G o ld e n G o bl e t o f w hi ch ,

Z i n n e n d o rff w as a m e mb e r N o 1 6 w as e s t ablish e d by C o u n t v o n Lo t t om i n fu rt h e ran ce of

.
,

his re s olut i on t o fo u n d a L o dg e on h e ari n g t h at G e n e ral Blu ch e r w as t o com m an d t h e A rmy

C orps on t h e Prussi an coas t o f t h e B al t i c The l at t e r w as a m e mb e r o f F i e ld L o d g e N O I . . .
,

in 1 8 1 2 Th e p art i c ul ars w i t h re gard t o N o 8 are a li t t l e con fus i n g an d i t is n o t c l e ar t h at

. .
,

i t e v e r re ce iv e d a w arran t or if so at w h o s e h an d s The ge n e ral i n comm an d app e ars t o h av e

, , .

arre s t e d i t s d e v e l o pm e n t at a v e ry e arly s t ag e an d t h e s am e t hi n g o cc u rre d i n 1 8 1 6 wh e n an , ,

at t e mp t w as m ad e by t hirt y mili t ar y b re t h re n t o e st ablish a L o dg e i n S e d a11 4 .

1 . Cou rt L .
, R h e n i sbe rg , 1 7 3 9 . 9 . l hB uc L x mb g
e r, u e ur , 18 2 0 . 15 . A t H an o v e r, 1 79 7 .

2 . P it U i
arfa e n on , M ag d e b u rg , 1 7 61 . 10 . Vi t i s E gl P t sd m
c or o u a e, o a ,
1 8 50-51 . 16 . F i e ld L . No I . .
, 1 8 1 1 -1 4 .

3 . Mi v P t sd
n e r a, o am , 1 7 68 . 11 . Willi m f t h Bl k
a o e ac 17 . I I I n F ran ce 1 8 1 8
No . .
, , .

4 . Fl m i g S t
a B li
n ar, e r n, 1 77 0 . F st ore R s t dt , a a , 1 8 61 -67 . 18 . N O I II . 1 8 15 1 6 .
,
- .

5 .
(D p t y e u 1 77 8 -7 9 . 12 . G ld o G bl t F i ld H
en o e , e os 19 . F W of t h e I o C o ss 1 8 1 8
. . r n r , .

6 . F d i k f P t i t ism
re er c o a ro , 18 12 . pi t l a ,
S il si e a, 1 77 8 -7 9 . 20 . I ron Cro ss M ay e n ce 1 8 1 3 1 5
, ,
-
.

7 . Of t h I C ss e ron ro , 18 15 . 13 . A my L N
r I S il si
. o . .
, e a, 1 7 7 8 -7 9 . 21 . Jh
o n of t h e S wor d , 1 7 9 7 -9 9 .

8 . A t Bar-le -D u c, 1 8 1 6 . 14 . Th G id P s t S x y
e u e- o , a on ,
1 77 8 . 22 . A d olphu s o f Ge rm an Un i t y, 1 8 1 7 -2 4 .

Two L o d g e s i n F ran k fort — of whi ch m e n t i on has alre ady b e e n m ad e 5— are n ot sh o wn i n

t he fore go in g t abl e On e o f t h e s e (c on sist in g chi e fly of fore ign e rs) w as fo u n de d by C o u n t
.

p 2 42
1
A n te , . .

I bid p 2 44 Ch p X VI I I p
2
.
, . a . .
, . 41 8 ; an d F re e m aso n , vo l . xix pp .
, . 49 6, 51 1 , 52 4, 533 , 556, 61 3 , 62 7 .

A t pp 2 44 2 45
3
n e, .
, .

Th fi s t L d g i t h lis t w
4
e f r o e n e as ou n d d by F
e i k I I N 2 7 d 9 1 1 by t h Th Gl b s 8 d 1 2
re d e r c . o s. -
,
an -
, e re e o e , an -
19 ,
by t h N t i l G d L dg
e a on a ran o e 2 0 by t h R y l Y k ;
,
d 2 1 2 2 by t h P v G
e d L dg o a or an , ,
e ro . ran o e of

H v M st f t h m
an o e r. xt i t o o e are e nc . an d t he f w s viv s h v
e ur s d t p ss ss y m ili t y h t
or a e ce a e o o e an ar c arac e r.

A t p 2 31
5
n e , . .
 40 8 SE A AND F IE LD L OD GE S .

t his sk e t ch s u p e rfl u i t y o f m at e ri als The Lo dg e s i n t he foll o w i n g t able are

,
m ay be t e rm e d a .

sh o w n as n e arly as p o ssibl e i n t he o rd e r Of t h e i r app e aran c e i n an y o ffi ci al lis t

,
Th e y are
,
.

s e ve n t y six i n n u mb e r an d while s o m e w e re fo u n d e d by t he Gran d L odge all su ch L o dge s

-
, ,

w e re aft e rwards n e wly c on s t i t u t e d by t he Gra n d Ori e n t The roll e x t e n ds t o 1 7 8 7 an d an . ,

as t e risk i n e ach i n s t an ce is pl ac e d b e fo re t he n am e s o f t h e fi ft y t w o Lo dge s w hi ch i n t h at y e ar -

w e re re p re s e n t e d at t h e G O by t h e i r d e p u t i e s The d at e s o f o rigi n give n are t h o s e fro m . .

whi c h t he Lo d ge s w e re all ow e d t o ran k m

So e o f t h e re gim e n t s n am e d i n t h e t abl e — as .

h oldi n g w arran t s for lo n g p e ri o ds— s e rve d i n A m e ri ca durin g t h e War Of I n d e p e n d e n ce ; an d

t he s t abili t y or t e n aci t y o f e xis t e n ce o f t h e Old e r F re n ch Army Lo d g e s as co n t ras t e d w i t h
, , ,

t he e ph e m e ral ch aract e r o f t h e i r su cc e ss ors u n d e r t he C o n sul at e an d E mpire has i n du c e d m e ,

t o d e s crib e t h e fo rm e r w i t h a mi n u t e n e ss o f d e t ail w hi ch wo uld b e al t o g e t h e r o u t o f k e e pi n g ,

w i t h t h e imp ort an ce Of t h e l at t e r i n a g e n e ral his t ory o f F re e m as on ry .

Th e L o dge M on t m ore n c i Lux e mb ou rg c on s t i t u t e d Jun e 1 1 7 62 i n t he R e gim e n t Of -

, , ,

H ai n aul t I n fan t ry o f w hi c h t h e D u k e o f Lu x e mburg w as t he C ol o n e l w as ac co rd e d— A pril

, ,

1 8 1 7 7 2 — by t he G ran d L o dge o f F ran ce t he p rivil e ge o f at t e n dan c e at all i t s m e e t i n gs

, ,
.

This Lo dge h as b e e n s t yl e d w i t h g re at sh o w o f re as o n t he s t e m o r t ru n k fro m w hich t he , ,

G ran d Ori e n t budd e d fort h i n D e ce mb e r 1 7 7 3 The list o f i t s m e mb e rs i n 1 7 7 2 is c e rt ai n ly .

a re m ark abl e o n e The D uk e o f Lux e mburg w as t he Mas t e r t he w ard e n s w e re his son an d

.
,

t h e P ri n ce d e R oh an Gu é m é n é e an d am o n g t he m e mb e rs — who w e re all w it h o n e e x ce p t i on
-
, , ,

n o bl e m e n — m a
y b e n am e d t he Pri n ce s Of C on dé Lign e Tare n t e M o n t b az on N ass au an d , , , , ,

Pign at e lli ; 1 t h e D u k e s o f L auzu n C oig n y an d F ron s ac ; an d m an y ot h e rs o f le ss e r ran k , ,

.

Of t he fi rs t Offi ce rs o f t he G ran d Ori e n t t he fi v e high e s t i n ran k (aft e r t h e D u e d e Ch art re s , ,

2
an d n e arly t h e w h ol e o f t h e h on orary gran d o ffi ce rs w e re m e mb e rs o f t his L o dge ,
.

The las t Lo dge o n t he lis t w as co n s t i t u t e d March 1 6 1 7 8 7 an d i t s fi rs t M as t e r w as A n d re , ,

M asse n a — aft e rw ards Marsh al o f F ran c e — at t h at t ime A dj u t an t o f t h e R oy al I t ali an

R e gim e n t .

The abb re vi at i o n s I n f Cav D rag A rt Ch as s an d H us s d e n ot e I n fan t ry C av alry

, .
, .
, , .
, , , , ,

D rago on s A rt ille ry Ch ass e u rs an d H uss ars re sp e ct iv e ly

, , , , .

F R E N CH F IE LD LODGE S D OWN TO TH E YE AR
P arfa it e Eg li t a
'
e,
3
Wa lsh ,
In f , .

P ar a f it e U i n on Vi va rai s, I n f , .

D aup hi n , D rag ,

Te n d F t it é
re Rt M i
ra e rn I f ,
. ar n e , n .
,
*
U i n on P f it Vi gi
ar a S i I f
e, e r, u sse , n .
,
*
M tmon i L x m b g H i lt, I f
o re n c - u e ou r , a n au n .
,

S igi s m d L x m b g H i lt I f
*
on - u e ou r a n au n
, , .
,

S t C h l s d A m is R é is S i t g I f
*
ar e es un , a n on e, n .

*
P f it H m i
ar a e C p Rl M i
ar on e , or s . ar ne ,
*
M ili t i d a re B ub i I f ou r onn o s, n .

1 p 2 98
A n te , .
, n ot e 2 .
2
I I nd .
, pp 1 48 1 51.
, .

3 This L dg i o e, n t he Re gi m e nt I l an dais
r (le Walsh ,
w as l gi t i m t d by t h G L
e a e e . . of F ran ce in 1 772 , an d by t h e

G O in 1 77 7
. . A ccor di g t n ( E glish ) A m y Lis t f 1 7 4 3
o an n r o , th li s t I ish gim
e e ar e r re e nt e xist i g n at t h at i
t m e i n t he
Fre h s e rvi ce
nc was only f m d i 1 69 0 ! Cf t pp 53 1 57
or e n . an e , .
, ,
1 60 .

4
I n 1 7 8 7 , Le s V is A m is
ra . D s ib d 5
e cr e as t he l gi m
To u R e e nt, at La Fer e, in 1 7 76 .

5
I n 1 8 05, Le s A m is R é is d l Vi t i un d th ly L dg e a c o re , an e on o e on t he a o b v list sh
e o wn i n t he fiil l d
of c a ca e n ar fo r

t hty
a e ar .
 SE A AND F I E LD L OD GE S .
40 9

Chase d es Ceve n ne s, .
‘ “
D ra g s U is on n , D e ux-P an ts, D ra g .

R l C hampagne , Cav
. .
,
*
H xH s d
e u re u a ar , F o i a, I n f '
.
,

Bl P o log ne , C av ,
. o .
*
M é h l S x
ar c a a e, S eption an i e , C av .
,

R l Vai sse au x, I n f
. .
,
*
B on n eI t llig n e e n ce , L an gu ed oc, I n f , .

Ve rm and o i s, I n f , .
S J . e an , Ge nd arme ri e d e F r. ,

E lé d M s t N pt
*
M o u sq ue t ai rcs, 2 0 C i d .
,
ve s e ar e e une ,
M a ri ne ,
R l R ou ssi llo
. n, C av .
,
*
Ré i P f it
u n on ar a e, P yren m‘e s, C h ss a .
,

Be aujolloi s, I n f , .
*
F e s U is
r re n , M are cha l Tu re nn e ,
‘

L a Cou r .
*
B s A m is
on , M d e Camp Gen
. .
, Cav .
,

D u R oi , I n f .
,
*
M d st o e e, Co l Gen era l, I n f ,
. .

M a ri ne ( Corp s R l .
*
N v ll H m i
ou e
‘
e ar on e , M a ri ne ,
Am it
*
N avarre , Inf .
,
1e , Bri e , I n f .
,

Cond é , I nf .
,
*
A mit i é F t ra . S e gu r, D rag ,

Con ti , Drag ,
*
P f i t A lli
ar a e an c e , Bre t agne , I n f .
,

Tou l , A rt . .
,
*
Ré i u n on, R t R oussi llon , I n f
. .
,

Orlem w, I nf A m is I t i m s P e rche , I n f
'

. n e , .
,

D u R oi , I n f .
,
*
V l a e u r, T ou rai n e , I n f .

R oha n S ou bi se , I n f .
,
*
A m is R é is un ,
M ari ne ,
A n gou m oi s, I n f .
,
*
A m is R é is un ,
A rm agn a c, I n f .
,

S t rasbou rg, A rt .
,
*
Fe sdAm
r re
’
r e s, Be rri , Cav
S a lm -S a lm , I n f , .
*
F hi s
ran c e, P icard i e , I n f .
,

E rn e st , S u i sse , I n f . V igil an ce , Be rohe n y, H u ss .

,

S on ne n be rg S u i sse , I n f .
,
*
V is S t i s
ra ou en , Gau d e toupe ,
D auphi ne , I n f .
, B lle on e , P e n thi e vre , I n f .
,

Orle ans, D rag ,

*
S L is d P l s t i
. ou e a e ne , Boufi le rs, D rag ,

Gard e s d u R oi , Ci e . E coas .
*
R ég l i t é u ar , Gard e s, Corps d u R oi ,
é
M d oc, I n f .
,
*
C ston an ce , Bearn , I n f , .

Col Gen .
, Drag , P f i t A m i t ié
ar a e , R l I t ali an , I n f ,
. .

N0 F i e ld L o dge s w e re con st i t ut e d i n 1 7 8 8 o r 1 7 8 9 an d on ly e ight b e t we e n 1 7 9 0 an d 1 8 01 ,

.

The n e x t s e v e n y e ars h o w e v e r wit n e ss e d an addi t ion o f six t y fo u r ; b u t at t h e c l o s e o f t his

, ,
-

p e ri o d n e arly all t he L o dg e s e st ablish e d u n d e r t he old M on archy h ad c e as e d t o e xist The .

C al e n d ar o f 1 8 05 sh o w s a t ot al o f fort y t h re e o f whi ch on e o n ly was o f e arli e r d at e t h an t he -

,

R e v ol u t i on t h e n e x t i n p o i n t o f age b e i n g a L o dge o f 1 7 9 0 w hilst n o l e ss t h an t hirt y fi ve had

, ,
-

b e e n w arran t e d in 1 8 02 4 I n 1 8 09 six t y s e v e n re gim e n t s h ad L o dge s at t ach e d t o t h e m an d

-
.
,
-
,

t h re e y e ars l at e r t h e n umb e r h ad ris e n t o six t y n i n e A t t his t im e t h e Lo dge s w e re b o t h Op e n e d -

.

an d cl
”
o s e d wi t h a cry o f V ive lE m pe re u r 1
’
I n 1 8 1 1 -1 3 six fu rt h e r Lo dg e s w e re e s t ablish e d
“
, ,

bu t as al re ady re l at e d n o l e ss t h an fo ur hu n dre d an d t w e n t y n i n e o n t he g e n e ral roll b e cam e

, ,
-

d orm an t i n 1 8 1 4 Two n e w L o dg e s we re form e d i n 1 8 1 7 1 9 bu t o n ly t hre e re gim e n t s i n all

.
-
,

are sh o wn as p o ss e ss e d o f M as o n i c w arran t s i n 1 8 2 0 Thre e L o dg e s w e re co n s t i t ut e d b e t w e e n .

1 8 2 1 an d 1 8 3 4 an d t e n y e ars l at e r Ci ru a s i n t he lot h R e gim e n t o f t he li n e t he , ,

last of t h e lon g ro ll o f F re n ch M i lit ary L o dg e s dis app e are d fro m t he s ce n e I t m ay be add e d ,

.
,

t h at a con fid e n t i al c ircul ar fro m t h e Min is t e r o f War— M arshal S o ul t — t o t he col on e ls o f

re gim e n t s i n 1 8 4 5 d e clare d t h at i t w as co n t rary t o t h e rul e s o f t he s e rvi c e for an y o f t he
“
, ,

milit ary t o b e com e e v e n m e mb e rs Of t h e i n st it u t i on S oult h ims e l f w as a F re e m as o n as w e re .

,

als o m an y o t h e r M arsh als o f F ran ce — for e x ampl e S e rru ri e r Be u rn o n vi l le K e ll e rm an M ass en a , , , , ,

L e fe bv re M ort i e r P e rign on B e rn ad o t t e Murat M acd on ald L aurist on Mag n an an d (i t is

, , , , , , , ,

all e g e d ) A u ge re au Bru n o an d S e b as t i an i
2
, , .

1
s bs q t L dg s t h lis t sh w i t h d i whi h t h y w
Th e u e ue n o e on st i t t d l gi t i m t d by t h
e are o n n e or e r n c e e re con u e or e a e e

GO. .
,d wi t h t h
an k ( p d y ) ssig d t t h m by t h t b dy
e ran or re ce e nc a ne o e a o .

A t h i t i s —Th y A t L t
2
u or e : d H is t G O ; D
or ty R h
, h s t R b ld H ist T G L I sis
c a a .
, an . . . aru ,
ec e rc e , e c . e o , . r. . . ou
’
L I it i t i
n aM c on iq p 3 08 ; F Q R
a on n 1 8 45 p 49 0 ; 1 8 46 p 48 ; 1 8 51 p 1 8 3 ;
ue, . d L tt s f m MM
. . ev .
, ,
.
, .
, . an e er ro .

Th e v t (G O f F
e no . d J E D
. o t (M i t i s ) Cf t pp 1 57 1 60 1 64 1 69
r. an . . aru y au r u . . an e , .
, , , .
 4 10 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .

A M E R IC A — The g e n e ral his t ory of M aso n ry i n t he Un i t e d S t at e s m ay b e divid e d i n t o t h re e

.

p e ri o ds— t he fi rs t e x t e n di n g t o t he y e ar 1 7 55 t he s e co n d t o t h e Pe ace o f Ve rs aill e s i n 1 7 8 3 , ,

an d t he t hi rd u n t il t he p re s e n t d at e Of t h e s e t he fi rs t an d l as t w ill b e h e re aft e r c o n sid e re d

.
, ,

b u t t h e s e con d— so far at l e as t as t h e d e t ails are c ap abl e o f b e i n g t re at e d as a w h o l e — l sh all

, , ,

t o t h e b e s t o f my abilit y d e al wi t h i n t he c u rre n t s e ct io n p re misi n g h o w e v e r t h at i n t he

, , , ,

n e x t ch ap t e r t h e s t ory w ill b e duly b rough t up t o t h e p o i n t t hus re ach e d by an t i cip at i on an d ,

c o n t i n u e d aft e r a sm o o t h an d m e t h o di cal fashi o n .

A ccordi n g t o a t al e n t e d w rit e r all warran t e d A m e ri can L o dge s p re vi o u s t o t h e F re n c h

, ,

War h ad w ork e d t he ri t u als an d ack n o wl e dg e d t he au t h ori t y o f t he G ran d L o dg e o f

E n glan d o n ly (s om e t im e s d e n o mi n at e d t h e Gran d L o dg e o f Mo de rn s ) ; bu t duri n g t his w ar
L o dge s h o ldi n g w arran t s fro m t he Gran d L o dg e s o f S cot lan d I re l an d an d t he A n c i e n t s o f , ,

L on d on w e re w orkin g i n A m e ri ca Th e y p rob ably o w e d t h e i r i n t ro du ct i on t o t h e Mili t ary

, .

b re t h re n .

H e re i t m ay b e con v e n i e n t t o e xpl ai n t h at whil e t h e m e mb e rs o f Lo dg e s u n d e r all t h e ,

j urisdi ct ion s of t h e B rit ish I sl an ds wi t h t h e e x ce p t i on of t h e Origi n al Gran d Lo dge o f ,

E n gl an d w e re g e n e ri cally classifi e d as A n c i e n t Mas o n s t he t e rms A n ci e n t Y ork Mas on s

, ,
“
-

an d A n ci e n t Y ork M as on ry w e re at first o n ly e mpl oy e d by t h e E n glish S chism at i c s an d

“
,

did n ot co m e i n t o co mm on u se — i n A m e ri ca— u n t il t ow ards t h e clo s e o f t h e ce n t u ry .

A lis t o f t he s t at i o n ary L o dg e s e s t ablish e d i n N ort h A m e ri c a by t h e au t h o rit y of E urop e an

Gran d Lo d ge s o t h e r t h an t h at o f t he e arlie s t o f su ch b o die s w ill b e fo u n d i n Ch ap t e r XXX I 2
, , .
,

bu t t h e i n flu e n ce s w hi ch co n du ce d t o t h e i r fo rm at i on an d t o t h e ir subs e qu e n t p re do mi n an c e ,

o v e r t he o rigin al L o dg e s o f t he C on t i n e n t I sh all n o w p roce e d t o n arrat e ,

.

I t w ill h o w e v e r i n s o m e d e gre e cl e ar t h e gro u n d fo r o u r i n quiry t o m e n t i on t h at p ri or t o

, ,

t h e F re n ch War t h e on ly Lo dg e o f a mili t ary c h aract e r k n o w n t o h av e b e e n e s t ablish e d i n

A m e ri ca w as on e at A n n ap o lis R o y al i n N o v a S c o t i a form e d i n 1 7 3 8 by E rasmus Jam e s , ,

Philli ps— F o rt M aj or o f t h at garris on — as D G M u n d e r an au t h ori t y fro m B os t on

-
. . . .

1 7 55 — G e n e ral B radd o ck arriv e d i n A m e ri ca w i t h t w o t h o usan d re gu lar t ro ops an d w as

.
,

d e fe at e d by t he F re n ch an d m ort ally w ou n d e d July 8 Ot h e r re gim e n t s w e re d e sp at ch e d , .

fro m B rit ai n i n t his an d l at e r y e ars The m o v e m e n t s o f t h e s e b at t ali o n s can b e e asily t race d

.

in a n umb e r o f we ll k n o w n b ooks A lis t o f t h e B ri t ish re gim e n t s t o w hi c h Lo dg e s w e re

- .

at t ach e d h as b e e n al re ady giv e n .

1 7 56 —I n t his y e ar t h e re w e re six b at t ali on s an d e igh t i n d e p e n d e n t co mp an i e s o f Ki n g s

’
.

t roo ps i n A m e ri ca t h e w h ol e b e in g u n d e r t h e E arl o f Lo u d o un
,
R ich ard G ridle y w as .

au t h oris e d— M ay 1 3 — by t he P ro v G M o f N ort h A m e ri ca t o con gre gat e all F re e an d

“
. . .
,

A cc e p t e d M as on s i n t he E xp e di t i o n ag ai n s t Cro wn P oi n t an d form t h e m i n t o on e o r m ore

'

Lo dge s . F o r mili t ary re as o n s h o we v e r t he p ro p o s e d m o v e m e n t agai n s t Ti con d e roga an d

, ,

C row n P oi n t w as n o t at t e mp t e d .

R i ch ard G ridl e y — t h e y o un g e r b ro t h e r o f J e re my G ridl e y P ro v G M o f N o rt h A m e ri ca , . . .

— was b orn i n 1 7 1 1 an d aft e r s e e in g mu c h ac t iv e s e rvi ce w as app o i n t e d Chie f E n gin e e r an d

, ,

1
id y H yd W shi gt
S ne d his M s i C m p
a s 1 8 66 p 3 1
e n, a n on , an a on c o eer , , . .

Wh w ill b f d t h g
2
e re l his t y f F m s y i t h U it d S t t s
e ou n e A i t M s
e n e ra y h wv i or o re e a on r n e n e a e . nc en a on r , o e e r, n

the con v t i l pt t i f t h t t m is l s ly ss i t d wi t h t h p
en on a acce a di gs f t h m s Fi ld L d g s i
on o a er , so c o e a oc a e e roce e n o e nu e ro u e o e n

Am i t h t it
e r c a, sid t i b m s i disp s bl t t h p s t
a s con e rat iv d will i t is t b h p d
on e co e bl t h
n en a e o e re en n arra e , an , o e o e , e na e e

d t g sp t h s bj t m fi m ly t h i f t h t i hist y f A m i M s y w t b p s t d i
re a e r o ra e u ec ore r an e en re or o e r can a on r e re o e re e n e n

Ch p t
a XXXI
er .
412 SE A AND F I E LD L OD GE S .

1 7 62 — A Lo d ge i n t h e 55t
. h F o o t 1—
N o 7 fro m N e w Y o rk — p e t i t io n e d Je re my G ridl e y .

t o gran t a c h art e r t o t h e P ro vi n c i al t ro o ps at C ro w n P o i n t ( March an d a D e pu t at i on w as

issue d t o C o lo n e l I n g e rs oll t o h old a L o d g e t h e re .

1 7 63 — N o s 1 1 7 (S ) e re c t e d at N orfo lk Vi rgi n ia an d 3 9 9 ( L ) at N e w Y ork

. . .
, ,
.

Ow i n g t o t h e l o ss o f a gre at p art o f i t s re c ords by t h e G ran d L o dge o f I re l an d t he n umb e r ,

o f s t at i o n ary L o dg e s w arran t e d i n A m e ri c a fro m t h at j u risdi ct i o n must re m ai n a m at t e r o f

u n ce rt ai n t y L odg e N o 7 4 i n t he lst F o o t as w e h ave alre ady s e e n 2 gav e an e x act co py o f
. .
, , ,

i t s w arran t t o a se t o f b re t h re n at A lb an y (N Y ) i n 1 7 59 an d i t is u n re as o n able t o b e lie v e . .

,

t h at i t w as a s o li t ary i n s t an c e o f t h e ki n d S chul t z 3 m e n t ion s t h re e L o dg e s o f u n k n o wn .

o rigin i n M aryl an d as h avi n g e xis t e d i n 1 7 59 1 7 61 an d 1 7 63 an d i t is p o ssibl e t o say t he

, , , , ,

l e ast t h at o n e o r more o f t h e m m ay h av e d e rive d t h e i r au t h ori t y e i t h e r di re ct ly or i n dire ct ly

,

fro m I re lan d D o v e als o i n his ac co u n t o f t he e arly L o dg e s i n Vi rgi n ia n am e s t he I rish as

, , ,

”
o n e o f t h e fi ve j urisdi c t i o n s by whi c h t h at S t at e w as M as o ni cally o cc upi e d i n 1 77
1 7 64 — P rovi n ci al w arran t — N o 8 9 — re c e iv e d i n Phil ad e lphi a fro m t he A n ci e n t or S chis
. .

m at i c G L o f E n gl an d . . F ro m t he t im e o f t he e s t abli shi n g o f t h e s e L o dg e s o f t he fo ur
.
“

d e gre e s by t he A n ci e n t s su ch re cords as w e c an fi n d s ays a care ful wri t e r sh o w t h e sp e e dy

, , ,

d e cli n e o f t h e M o d e rn s 5 A Lo dge at Qu e b e c— pro b ably con st i t u t e d by R i ch ard G ridle y or

.
”

A brah am S avag e —is fi rst n am e d i n t h e B o s t on R e cords o f t his y e ar .

1 7 65 — N o 3 4 6 at J o pp a M aryl an d u n d e r t h e Orig i n al G ran d Lo dge o f E n gl an d w as

. .
, , , ,

i n augu rat e d N o v e mb e r 2 1 ; an d t he 1 4t h by— law p ass e d t he s am e d ay e n act s Th at n on e , ,

w h o h at h b e e n A dmit t e d i n an y M od e rn Lo dg e sh all b e A dmi t t e d as a M e mb e r o f t his Lo dg e ,

w i t h o u t t aki n g t h e re sp e ct iv e Obl i g at i on s P e c uli ar t o A n ci e n t M as o n s “ i .

1 7 66 — I n t his y e ar bi ck e ri n gs occ urre d b e t we e n t he S t A n d re w s an d t h e B o st on ’

.

R e gul ar Lo dg e s an d a Un i o n o f L o v e an d F ri e n dship t o whi ch t h e m e mb e rs o f b ot h

“
, ,

j urisdic t ion s sh o uld b e p art i e s w as p rop o s e d by t h e forme r ,

.

1 7 67 —The fun e ral o f J e re my G ridl e y P ro v G M N ort h A m e ri ca t o ok pl ace S e pt e mb e r

.
, . . .
, ,

1 2 an d t he m e mb e rs o f S t A n dre w s L o dg e — six t y fou r in n umb e r (Jo s e ph Warre n b e in g t h e

’
-
,

S W ) walk e d i n t he p roce ssio n

. .
-
A ft e r t his h o we v e r wh e n e ve ry g e n e ro us e ffort o n t he
.
, ,

p art o f S t A n d re w s h ad comple t e ly fail e d an d wh e n i t b e cam e e vid e n t t h at n o Un ion of

’

,
“

Love an d F ri e n dship c ould be e ffe ct e d t he m e mb e rs of t h at L o dge c h an ge d t h e i r gro u n d , .

M e n lik e Warre n R e v e re H an cock an d ot h e rs o f illust ri o us n am e fe lt t h e ir p at ie n ce

, , , ,

e xh aus t e d an d d e t e rmi n e d n ot t o qui e t ly submi t t o b e an y l on ge r d e n o u n ce d as c l an d e s ti n e

,

M as on s an d imp o st ors The e arly p roce e di n gs of S t A n dre w s w e re i n d e e d as i rre gular as i t

.
’

is p o ssible t o con ce iv e Origi n at i n g i n t h e as soci at i o n o f n in e Mas on s who had b e e n m ade

.

c l an d e s t i n e ly i t w as ch art e re d by t he G L o f S c ot l an d i n 1 7 56 an d t h e n n umb e re d t we n t y
, . .
,

o n e m e mb e rs e x clusiv e o f t he o rigi n al n i n e w h o h ad l e ft B o s t on i n t he i n t e rv al
, I t s chart e r ,
.

d i d n ot arri ve u n t i l 1 7 60 at w hi ch t im e t h e L o dg e h ad b e e n i n cre as e d by e igh t e e n addit i on al

,

m e mb e rs so t h at i n all t hirt y on e can d id at e s w e re i n i t iat e d b e fore t he Lo dg e re ce ive d i t s

,
-

ch art e r an d t hirt e e n b e fore t h e ch art e r w as sig n e d

,
A t a c on fe re n ce — h e ld A p ril 2 8 1 7 661 .
,

’
b e t we e n c ommit t e e s o f S t J oh n s G L an d S t A n d re w s Lo dg e (R ich ard G ridle y b e i n g a ’
. .

1
his m y h v b t h S t t ish L dg i t his gi m t
T a a e een e co o e n re e n , an d if so , lik e t h e one i n t h e 1 7 t h F oo t, i t m us t h av e

acce pt d P vi i l m b
e a 63
7 rot pp 401 402
nc a nu e r. . an e , .
, .

2
A t p 3 31n e, 0p i t pp 2 5 3 0 68
. . . c , .
, , . Cf post ,. un d er t he y e ar 1 7 78 .

5
C E M y . H is t.fJ s l m R A Ch pt p 1 0
e e r, . o e ru a e . . a e r, . . h lz F
Sc u t , re e m a on r s yi n M ar yl d p
an , . 39 .
 SE A AND F I E LD L OD GE S .
41 3

m e mb e r o f o n e an d J o s e ph Warre n o f t he o t h e r) t he re p re s e n t at ive s o f t he lat t e r fu lly ,

admi t t e d t he ille g ali t y o f t h e i r e arly p ro ce e di n gs b u t co n t e n d e d t h at i t w as i n t he p o w e r o f ,

t he G M o f S co t lan d t o
. . m ak e irre gular Mas on s R e gul ar A gai n st t his t he o t h e r commit t e e , .
,

formulat e d t h e i r b e li e f t h at t he L an gu ag e o f t he C o n s t i t u t i o n s for irre gul arit ie s w as

S UBM I S S I ON 1 The o lde r S oci e t y forgo t fo r a m o m e n t i t s an im o si t y o v e r t he grav e o f i t s
Gran d M as t e r an d as alre ady re lat e d t he b re t h re n o f b o t h j urisdi ct i on s w alk e d t og e t h e r i n
, , ,

t he p roce ssio n S ubs e qu e n t ly h o we v e r— an d t his b ri n gs u s t o t he p o i n t re ach e d ab o ve —t he

.
,

spirit o f m an li n e ss p ro mp t e d t he l e adi n g m e mb e rs of S t A n d re w s t o vin dicat e t h e ir o wn ’

ch aract e rs as M as o n s an d t o s t an d fo rt h i n d e fe n ce o f t he Lo dg e w hi c h m ad e t h e m
, I t w as .

’
t h e re fore v o t e d u n an im o usly o n S t A n d re w s D ay (N o v e mb e r t h at du ri n g t he c on t in u an ce
o f t he i n t e rdi ct ag ain s t M as o n i c i n t e rc o urs e imp o s e d by t he E n glish P ro v G L t he b re t h re n . .

u n d e r t h at j urisdi c t i on u n le ss als o m e mb e rs of or rais e d M ast e rs i n S t A n d re w s w e re n ot t o

, , ,
’

be admi t t e d as visi t o rs .

I n t his y e ar t h e re w e re t h re e Lo dg e s at w o rk u n d e r t he P ro vi n ci al G ran d L o dge o f

Pe n n sylv an i a (A n ci e n t s) t h e last of whi c h— R oy al A rch L o dg e —w as con st i t ut e d Oct ob e r 2 0
,
.

F ro m t h e e arl i e r re cords o f t his L o dg e i t app e ars t h at t h e y re ce iv e d an d act e d up on t he ,

“

p e t it i on s o f at le ast on e hun dre d M o de rn M aso n s w ho p e t i t io n e d t o be m ad e A n c ie n t Mas on s , ,

an d up on t h e ir p e t i t i on s t aki n g t h e s am e c o urs e as t he p rofan e t h e y w e re aft e r app ro v al by , ,

”
ball ot re gularly in i t iat e d 2 N o 3 m ai n t ain e d a c lo s e in t e rc o urse w it h a L o dge i n t h e 1 8 t h
, . .

F o ot —N o 3 51 (I ) -an d t he R oy al A rch furn it u re o f t h e t wo b o die s b e cam e i n a m e asu re

. .

c omm on p ro p e rt y .

1 7 68 — The Gran d L o dg e o f S co t lan d e re ct e d a L o dge — N o 1 4 3 — at E ast F lo rid a an d

. .
,

app oi n t e d G o v e rn or J am e s G ran t Pro v G M for N ort h A m e ri ca s ou t h e rn dist ri ct I n t his

,
. . .
, .

y e ar a st an din g army was qu art e re d i n B o st on The 1 4t h 2 9 t h an d a p art o f t he 59 t h .

, ,

R e gim e n t s wi t h a t rain o f A rt ille ry arriv e d Oct o b e r 1 an d a sh ort t im e aft e r t he 64t h an d

, , , ,

65t h R e gim e n t s dire ct fro m I re l an d ,

I n t h e s e re gim e n t s w e re t h re e L o dg e s all w orkin g
.
,

u n d e r wh at w as t h e n co mm on ly k n o w n as t he A n ci e n t S yst e m — N o s 58 1 4th F o o t ; .

3 2 2 ( L) 2 9 t h ; an d 1 06 (S ) 64t h
,
Th e p re s e n ce o f t h e s e t r0 0 ps cre at e d an i n t e n s e
, .

e x c i t e m e n t an d t h e m e mb e rs o f S t A n d re w s p art i c ul arly J o s e ph Warre n p art i cip at e d in t he

’

, , ,

u ni v e rs al fe e li n g of Opp o sit i on t o t he con t in u an ce o f t his s t ron g force i n B o s t on N e ve rt he .

l e ss t he m e mb e rs o f t he Lo dg e saw t he o pp ort uni t y b e fore t h e m o f formi ng a Gran d Lo d g e

,

u n d e r t h e au t h o ri t y o f t h e G ran d M as t e r of S co t lan d an d w i t h t his e n d i n Vi e w did n o t , ,

s cruple t o e n t e r i n t o frat e rn al co mmun i on wi t h an d t o m ak e u se of t h e ir b re t hre n i n t he , ,

3
o b n oxi o us re g i m e n t s

N on e o f t h e s e F i e ld L o dge s w e re p re s e n t at t he i n s t all at i o n o f J o h n R o w e —t he Pro v .

G M u n de r E n gl an d— ou N o v e mb e r 2 3 b u t all o f t h e m j oi n e d S t A n d re w s i n D e ce mb e r i n
’
. .
, , ,

a p e t i t i on t o t h e G L o f S co t l an d re qu e s t i n g t he app o i n t m e n t o f
. . a G ran d M as t e r o f A n c i e n t
,

Mason s i n A m e ri ca an d n o mi n at ing J o s e ph Warre n for t h at o ffi ce

, .

1 7 69 —The E arl o f D alh o usie G M S c o t l an d app o i n t e d J o s e ph Warre n

.
, G M o f Mas on s
. .
, , , . .

in B o st on N e w E n glan d an d w it hi n o n e hu n dre d mil e s o f t he s am e M ay 3 0

, ,
The c om , .

m issi o n w as re ce iv e d i n S e p t e mb e r b u t i n t he in t e rv al t h e 64 t h R e gim e n t h ad b e e n re m o ve d
,

fro m B o s t o n Lit t l e n ot i ce w as t ak e n of t h e L odge s i n t he o t h e r re gime n t s i n t he arran g e

.

m e n t s for t he i n st allat i on an d t h e y we re m e re ly i n form e d of t he approac hin g e ve n t

,
The .

1
S i c, i n Bo t on R e cor s ds p
, . 107 .
3
Me y e r, p . 11 .
3 P roc. G L Ma . . s s , 1 8 69 , p . 1 62 .
4 14 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .

G ran d Lo dge w as fo rm ally i n augu rat e d o n D e ce mb e r 2 7 i n t h e p re s e n ce o f S t A n d re w s an d

’

o f L o dg e s N os 58 an d 3 2 2 i n t h e 1 4 t h an d 2 9 t h R e gim e n t s re sp e ct iv e ly
. ,
Alt h o u gh for con .

v e n i e n c e s ak e t his b o dy will b e h e n ce fort h re fe rre d t o as t h e Mass ac hus e t t s G ran d L o dge ,

i t m ay b e o bs e rv e d t h at i t did n ot ado p t t h at t it l e u n t il D e c e mb e r 6 1 7 8 2 , .

1 7 7 1 — N o 1 69
. e s t abli sh e d i n B at t e ry M arsh B o s t on
.
This L o dg e w hi c h is o n ly ,
.
,

o n ce n am e d i n t h e re cords o f t he M ass achus e t t s G L acco mp an i e d t h e B ri t ish army t o N e w . .

,

Y o rk o n t h e e v acu at i o n o f B o s t on i n 1 7 7 6 .

1 7 7 2 —By a furt h e r S cot t ish p at e n t sign e d by t he E arl o f D um fri e s Jo s e ph Warre n was

. , ,

app o i n t e d G ran d M as t e r for t h e C o n t i n e n t o f A m e ri c a M arc h 3 The s t rife b e t w e e n t h e riv al ,

.

syst e ms o f M ason ry is t hus pl e as an t ly allud e d t o i n t h e re cords o f a L dg

o e at F alm u h
o t 1
,

M ass achu se t t s u n d e r t he d at e o f D e ce mb e r 1 6 i n t his y e ar

,

In d
blish h m y m
or e r to e st a ar on a on g st t h e F m as s i re e on n t his t ow n
,
it is Vo te d , T h at (for t h e fu t ure ) t h e
L o dge b p d o e o v i g i th
e ne ne e en n n e M d o fo m
e rn d t he r an n e x t e v ni e ng i n t he A n c ie nt fo rm , w hi h is t o b
c e

con tinued t ill t h L dg v o t e t o t h c e o e e t a y

on r r .
2

N B —Th m k i gs t b e as u s
. . e a n o ua l i t hi s L d ge
n o .
”

1 773 —A s olut i on w as p ass e d n e m con t h at t he m e mb e rs o f S t A n d re w s an d of t h e ’

. re . .

L o dge s u n d e r t h e M ass achus e t t s Gran d Lo d ge sh o uld be admit t e d as visi t i n g B rot h e rs i n t h e

“

L o dge s u n d e r t h e o ld e r ( B o s t o n ) j urisdi ct ion J an u ary 2 9 Joh n R o w e an d H e nry , .

,

Pri ce , at t e n d e d t he m e e t i n g o f t h e E n glish P ro v G L o n B o s t o n N e ck Jun e 2 4 ; . . .

,

an d am on g t h e visi t ors w as J o s e ph W arre n als o d e s crib e d as GM Me e t i n gs o f b ot h ,

. .

G ran d L od g e s t ook place D e ce mb e r 2 7 o n whi c h d at e Warre n w as i n s t alle d un d e r his

, ,

p at e n t o f t h e p re viou s ye ar an d at a fix e d h o ur e ach G L d ran k t h e h e alt h of t h e o t h e r

,
. . .

I n t his y e ar ce rt ai n ships l ad e n w i t h t e a w e re b oard e d i n B o st o n H arb o u r by Paul R e v e re

an d o t h e rs disguis e d as M o h aw k I n dian s an d t h e i r c arg o e s c on sis t i n g o f 3 42 c h e s t s o f t e a
, , , ,

valu e d at t h ro wn i n t o t h e se a D e ce mb e r 1 6 , .

1 7 7 4 — N o s 1 7 7 ( S ) an d 1 9 0 (A ) w e re e s t abli sh e d at Phil ad e lphi a an d Ch arl e s t o n S C

. . .
,
. .
,

re sp e ct iv e ly N o 2 43 . i n t h e 59 t h F oo t pl ace d i t s e l f u n d e r t h e P rot e ct i o n an d D irce

.
,

t i on o f t he M ass achus e t t s G L The B rit ish G ov e rn m e n t shut u p t he p . .ort o f B o s t on ,

re p e al e d t h e ch art e r o f t h e S t at e o f M ass ac hus e t t s an d s e n t a b o dy o f t r0 0 ps t o B o s t o n u n d e r ,

G e n e ral G age The o t h e r co l o n i e s t oo k t h e p art o f t h e p e o pl e o f B o s t on an d d e put i e s fro m

.
,

e ac h P ro vin c e w e re s e n t t o Phil ad e lphi a w h e re t h e y ass e mble d i n C o n gr e ss fo r t he firs t t im e , ,

D e ce mb e r 5 .

1 7 7 5 —Ou A p ril 1 8 t he d ay b e fore t he b at t le o f L e xin g t on D r J o s e ph Warre n h e ari n g o f

.
, , ,

t h e in t e n d e d app roach o f t h e B rit ish u n d e r G e n e ral G ag e t o C on cord an d L e xi n gt on , , ,

d e sp at ch e d Paul R e v e re t o t h e lat t e r t o wn vi a Ch arle st o wn t o an n ou n ce t he B ri t ish e xp e di t i on , ,

3
of t eh f o ll o wi n g d ay .

Paul R e v e re w as an act iv e m e mb e r o f S t A n dre w s L o dg e an d aft e r filli n g b ot h Ward e n s ’

,
’

c h airs an d t w i ce h o ldi n g t h e o ffi c e o f D G M i n t h e M assachus e t t s G L s e rv e d as G M o f “

. . .
, . .
, . .

t h e (Uni t e d) G L o f Mass achus e t t s 1 7 9 5 9 7

. .
,
-
.

1
Warran t g ran t e d by G idl y 1 7 62 r e , re n e we d by R o we , 1 7 69 n ow P tl d L dg
or an o e, N o 1, Ma ne
. i .

9
P ro c . G L Ma
. . s 1 8 77 p 1 1 8
s , , . .

3
An accou n t o f th M id igh t R id
e
“
n e of P l au Re v e re w ill b e fou n d in t he Ta ls e of a Wayside I n n, by
L g f ll
on e ow.
4 16 SE A AND F I E LD L OD GE S .

a G ran d M as t e r by J o s e ph We bb his lat e D e pu t y A ccordi n gly e le ve n bre t hre n 1 m e t as a , .

,

G ran d L o dg e an d e l e ct e d J o s e ph We bb G ran d Mas t e r M arch 8 This i f w e l e av e ou t o f

, , .
,

p re s e n t c o n sid e rat io n t h e L o dg e (an d G ran d L o dge ) at Philade lphi a i n 1 7 3 1 whi ch will be , ,

re fe rre d t o at s o m e l e n gt h i n t h e n e x t c h ap t e r w as t h e fi rs t I n d e p e n d e n t o r s e l f cre at e d G ran d ,

-

L odg e o n t h e C on t i n e n t Phil ad e lphi a w as o ccupi e d by t he B rit ish S e p t e mb e r 2 7 A t t h at

.
, .

t im e t he Pro vin ci al G ran d L o dge (A ) h ad e ight e e n L o dg e s o n i t s re gis t e r Th e A m e ri can . .

army t oo k p o s t at V all e y F o rg e t we n t y six mil e s fro m Phil ad e lphia an d t radit i on s affi rm t h at ,

-
,

L o dge s w e re h e ld i n t his camp w hi ch Washi n g t on o ft e n at t e n d e d Th e re can h ardly be a ,

.

d o ub t t h at su ch w as t he cas e b u t u n fort u n at e ly n o re cords o f t he C on t in e n t al F i e ld L odg e s

, ,

for t his y e ar are i n e xis t e n ce ,

.

1 77 8 — Phil ad e lphi a e vac u at e d by t he B ri t ish Ju n e 1 8

. The G ran d L odge o f Vi rgi n i a t h e , .
,

se con d I n d e p e n d e n t o rgan is at i o n o f t h e ki n d form e d Oc t o b e r 1 3 The Lo dge s i n t his S t at e , .

had d e ri v e d t h e ir ch art e rs fro m t he G ran d L o dge s o f E n gl an d an d S co t lan d M ot h e r Kil ,

“

w i n n i n g t h e P ro v G L o dg e s o f N e w E n gl an d an d P e n n sylv an ia an d (acco rdi n g t o D o v e ?)

,
. .
,

t h e G L o f I re l an d
. . A t t h e cl o s e o f t his y e ar t h e ci t y o f N e w Y ork t h e t o w n o f N e w p ort
.
, , ,

R h o d e I slan d an d S av an n ah G e orgi a (cap t u re d D e ce mb e r

,
w e re al o n e h e ld by t h e
,

B ri t ish .

1 77 9 — N o 2 1 0 . c on s t i t u t e d at N e w Y ork— m aki n g w i t h N o 1 69 (A ) — re m ove d from

. . .

B ost on i n 1 7 7 6— t wo A n ci e n t L odg e s i n t h at c it y Th re e L o dg e s i n t he C o n t in e n t al A rmy .

w e re c h art e re d by t he Pro v G L (A ) o f P e n n sylv an i a 3 The m e mb e rshi p o f t he Lo dge s

. . . . .

sub ordin at e t o t h e t wo G ran d Lo dg e s i n Phil ad e lphi a gradu ally b e cam e m e rg e d t he A n ci e n t s ,

re c e ivi n g an d re maki n g t h e M o d e rn s The re cords o f t he Gran d L o dge c on t ai n t he n am e s o f .

m an y M o d e rn M as on s w h o w e re subs e qu e n t ly id e n t ifi e d w i t h t h e A n ci e n t s ” 1 A n o t able .

in s t an c e o f t hi s is t he cas e o f D r William S mi t h P ro v o s t o f t he Un ive rsit y wh o was a so , ,

al le d M o de rn i n 1 7 55 an d b e cam e Gran d S e cre t ary o f t h e A n c i e n t s (i n P e n n sylvan i a)

“
, ,

Oct ob e r 2 2 1 7 7 9 ,
.

1 78 0 — Washin gt on n omin at e d as Ge n e ral G ran d M as t e r by t he G L o f P e n n sylvan ia

. . .
,

J an u ary 1 3 ; C o n v e n t ion o f A m e ri can F i e ld Lo dg e s at M orrist own F e bru ary 7 A F re n ch , .

'

fo rce un d e r G e n e ral R och amb e au arriv e d at N e wp ort R I July 1 2

5
,
A m o n g t he sub ordi n at e , , , .

o ffi ce rs e mplo y e d w i t h t hi s e xp e di t io n w e re t he D uk e s d e L av al M on t m ore n cy d e C ast ri e s , ,

an d d e L auzu n P ri n c e d e B roglio t h e M arquis an d t h e C o u n t d e D e ux Pon t s

,
C o un t d e , ,

S e gur an d m an y o t h e r n o bl e m e n
,
The B aron d e K alb a M aj or G e n e ral i n t he A m e ri can .
,
-

army— m o rt ally w o u n d e d at t h e b at t l e o f C amd e n A ugust 1 7 — w as bu ri e d wi t h mili t ary an d ,

Mas on ic h on o urs by his vi ct ori o us e n e mi e s I n t his y e ar N o 2 1 2 (A ) w as e st ablish e d at N e w . . .

Y ork ; an d t h re e furt h e r w arran t s w e re gran t e d i n t h e C on t i n e n t al army by t h e G L o f P e n n . .

sylvan i a o n t h e ro ll o f w hi ch b o dy t h e re w e re n o w t hirt y on e sub ord in at e L o dge s -

.
,

178 1 The A n cie n t an d F i e ld L o dge s i n N e w Y ork m e t as a G ran d Lo dg e an d e l e ct e d

.
-
,

G ran d Offi ce rs J an u ary 2 3 ; an d a warran t for a P rov G ran d L odge — N o 2 1 9 — was gran t e d
,
. .

1 h s i l di g W bb d P l R v — D G M d S G W sp t iv ly— t d G d Ofii
Te n of t e e, nc u n th
e an au e e re as . . . an . . . re ec e ac e as ran ce rs, e

p d i gs vi t lly s lt i g i t h wh ls f t h ld m hi y b i g g i t i m t i
ro ce e n r ua re u n n e ee o e o ac ner e n a a n se n o on .

Vi gi i T x t B k p 1 2 9 A ll t h Am i F i ld L dg s will b f d i s bs q t t bl '

1 3 e e o un n a u e ue n a e.
r n a e oo , . . e e r can e o

E ly H is t G L P
ar yl p xlix . . . e nns .
, . .

I l di g t h gi m t s f A g i S i t g B b
5 nc u n is S i
e i
re T i N st i A h l t R y l
en o e n a s, a n on e, ou r o n n a , o sson n a s, o u ra n e , eu r e, n a , o a

D x P ts d L z d G t i is Th l st m d m f m S t D m i g wi t h t h M q is d S i t S i m d -
eu on e au u n , an a na . e a na e ca e ro o n o e ar u e a n o n , an
,

f i t g ll t y t Y k T w w
or s a an rll w d t s m i t f m
a m f R y l A
or g Cfo t pp 407 408
n as a o e o re u e s or er na e o o a u ve r n e . . an e , .
, .
 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .
4 17

by (A t h oll) G L o f E n glan d S e p t e mb e r 5 A Lo dge i n t he C on t i n e n t al army w as e st ab

t he . .
, .

li she d i n t his y e ar u n d e r a P e n n sylvan i an ch art e r .

1 7 8 2 —Pro vi n cial G ran d L o d g e o f N e w Y or (A ) i n augu rat e d by t h e foll ow in g Lo dg e s

.
k .

S t at i on ary— N os 1 69 2 1 0 2 1 2 (A ) an d N o s 1 3 2 ( S ) 52
.
, ,
441 2 13 . an d 2 1 5 .
,

t o ge t h e r wit h a Lo dg e u n d e r disp e n s at i o n — i n t he 2 2 d 3 7 t h an d 3 8 t h R e gim e n t s t h e , , ,

4t h B at t ali on R o yal A rt ill e ry t he R e gim e n t o f A n sp ach Be yre u t h an d t h e 57 t h F oot re spe c

,
-
,

t i ve ly D e ce mb e r 5 ,
The t i t l e o f M ass achus e t t s Gran d L o dge Of A n c i e n t M as on s w as
.

assum e d by t he G L at B o s t o n u n d e r J o s e ph We bb D e ce mb e r 6 an d fro m t he o ffi c i al re cords

. . , ,

o f t he s am e d at e w e l e arn t h at t h re e sub ordi n at e L o dg e s w e re con s t it u t e d b e fore t he d e at h o f

Jo s e ph Warre n an d fo u rt e e n subs e qu e n t ly
,
.

1 7 8 3 — Pe ace o f V e rs aill e s A p ril 1 9 The thi rd I n d e p e n d e n t G ran d L odge t h at o f M ary

, .
,

lan d o rgan ise d July 3 1

,
A m aj o ri t y o f t he G ran d Offi ce rs b e i n g ab o u t t o l e av e N e w Y o rk
.

w it h t h e Brit ish army co mm e n d e d t he G ran d Warran t t o t he care o f t h e ir su cce ssors

, ,

S e p t e mb e r 1 9 A t t his d at e s e v e n L o dge s had re c e iv e d c h art e rs fro m t he Pro v G L fo ur o f

. . . .
,

w hi ch w e re att ach e d t o t he N e w J e rs e y V o lu n t e e rs t he 57 t h F oo t t he R e gim e n t d e Kuyp , ,

h ause n an d t h e Loyal A m e ri can R e gim e n t ; also t wo I rish L odg e s N os 4 7 8 i n t he 1 7 t h

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D ragoo n s an d 9 0 i n t h e 3 3 d F o o t had at di ffe re n t dat e s ran ge d t h e ms e lve s u n de r i t s b an n e r

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u n d e r t he Gran d B o dy Of whi ch We bb was t h e h e ad i n M ass achus e t t s Of t he form e r t e n , .

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w e re e s t abli sh e d i n M arylan d (b e fore t h e cl o s e o f fi ve i n N e w J e rs e y fo u r i n D e l aw are , ,

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t re e e ac h i n V i rgi n i a an d S o u t h C aro li n a an d si n gl e L o dg e s i n N o rt h C aro lin a an d G e orgi a
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t hre e Lo dg e s fro m t h e s e t w o s o urce s on ly—w h o s e m e mb e rs gl orie d i n t he t it l e o f A n c i e n t s

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an d b e li e v e d t h at t h e y w e re w alki n g i n t he o ld p at hs fro m w hi ch t he Old e r Gran d L odg e o f ,

E n gl an d an d he r d aught e r Lo dg e s h ad l am e n t ably s t ray e d .

Lodge s i n all w e re at work i n t he A m e ri can army du rin g t he R e v o lu t i on t he e arli e st

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o f w hi c h w as

S T J OH N S R E G IM E NTA L LODGE w arran t e d by t h e Pro v G L o f N e w Y ork July 2 4 1 7 7 5

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i e b e fore t h e mili t ary o ccup at ion o f t h at c it y by t h e B ri t ish

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on ly l e arn t h at i t w as at t ac h e d t o t h e Uni t e d S t at e s b at t ali o n du ri n g t h e w ar .

AM E R I CA N UN I ON t h o ugh o f l at e r d at e w as t he firs t Lo dg e organ is e d i n t he C o n t i n e n t al

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army an d m ay b e j us t ly re gard e d as t h e e ld e s t M as on i c d augh t e r o f t h e F e d e rat ion

, I t w as .

form e d —F e b ruary 1 5 1 7 7 6— by w arran t o f t h e E n glish Pro v G M o f N ort h A m e ri ca— J oh n

, . . .

R o we —i n t h e C on n e ct i cut Li n e Of t h e army wh e re v e r s t at i o n e d p ro vid e d n o o t h e r G M h e ld , , . .

au t h ori t y S h ort ly aft e r t he L o dge h avi n g re m o v e d t o N e w Y ork ask e d fo r a c o n fi rm at i o n o f

.
, ,

t h e ir ch art e r fro m t he D r Middle t o n ; b u t a n e w w arran t w as gran t e d t o t he m e mb e rs

u n d e r t he n am e of Milit ary Un i on N o I The L o dg e is d e s crib e d as h avi n g m o v e d w i t h
s -

,
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t he army as a pill ar o f light i n p art s Of C on n e ct i c ut N e w Y o rk an d N e w J e rs e y J oe l Clark , , .

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t he fi rs t M ast e r w as t ak e n p ris o n e r A ugust 2 7 an d die d i n cap t ivi t y

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H e w as su cce e d e d by , .

S H Pars on s (t h e fi rs t t re asure r) an d t h e l at t e r by J on at h an H e art (t he fi rs t S e cre t ary)

. . , .

1
T his is i l iv n c us e of L dg s i
o e n t he M ili t y Li s t h
ar ne o er t h an t h at o f P e nn sylv ian a.
418 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .

Th e or igi n al w arran t w as t ak e n by H e art t o M ari e tt a Ohio an d t he L o dge is n ow N O I on , , . .

t h e roll o f t h at S t at e .

WAS H I N GTON LODGE N O 1 0 w as c o n st i t ut e d at W e s t Po i n t — N ov e mb e r 1 1 1 7 7 9 —by

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J on at h an H e art as re p re s e n t at i v e o f J o s e ph W e bb G M M assac hu s e t t s G L
, The fi rs t ,
. . . .

M ast e r w as B rigadi e r G e n e ral J Pat e rs on an d t h e Ward e n s C o l on e ls B e nj ami n Tupp e r an d

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J o h n Gre at on A t t hi s an d t he p re vi ous L odge (A m e ri can Un i on ) G e n e ral Washi n gt on w as a

.

fre qu e n t visi t or .

A R MY L ODGE N o 2 7 i n t he M aryl an d Lin e w as w arran t e d by t h e G L o f P e n n sylvan ia

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. .

i n A p ril 1 7 8 0 The fi rs t M ast e r w as B rigadi e r G e n e ral M ord e cai Gis t an d t h e Ward e n s

.
-
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C ol on e l Ot h o Willi ams an d M aj or A rchib ald A n d e rs on A ll t h re e gre at ly dis t in guish e d .

t h e ms e lv e s at t h e b at t l e Of C amd e n A ugus t 1 7 1 7 8 0 Gis t i n c o mm an d o f a b rigad e an d , , , ,

Williams as A djut an t G e n e ral ; w hile aft e r t he de fe at Of t h e A m e rican s M aj or A n de rson w as

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t h e o n ly i n fan t ry Offi ce r who k e p t t o ge t h e r an y n umb e r o f m e n .

N 0 re cords Of t h e A m e ri c an F i e ld L o d ge s o f t h e R e v o l u t i o n h av e b e e n p re s e rve d e x ce p t a ,

p ort i o n o f t h e mi n u t e s o f A m e ric an Un i o n an d s om e re t urn s o f t h e W ashi n gt on Lo dg e The , .

l at t e r m e re ly i n form u s t h at i n 1 7 8 2 t w o hu n dre d an d fort y fi ve n am e s h ad —u p t o t h at d at e -

— b e e n b orn e on t he roll of t he L odg e 1 The forme r are o f a m ore in t e re s t in g c h aract e r The . .

p rin c ip al Offi ce rs o f t he army an d t he ge n e ral i n co mm an d are fre qu e n t ly n am e d as visit ors

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an d at al l t h e b an qu e t s w hile t h e fi rs t t oas t w as Washi n gt on or C on gre ss t he s e c on d

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,

w as i n v ari ably Warre n Mon t go m e ry an d Wo o st e r foll o w e d by t he D e ad March 2

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.

D r Warre n w as t he fi rs t m an o f dis t i n ct i o n t o lay d ow n his li fe i n t h e caus e o f A m e ri can

li b e rt y . A t B o s t on s ays a fam o us w ri t e r J o s e ph Warre n a y o u n g m an w h o m n at ure h ad
, ,
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e n d o w e d w it h g race an d m an ly b e au t y an d a c o u rag e t h at b ord e re d on rash aud ac i t y u tt e re d , ,

t h e n e w w ar cry o f t he w o rld F R E E DOM A ND E QUAL I TY

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The go o d j u dgm e n t an d
, .

d arin g o f Warre n sin gl e d hi m o u t ab o v e all o t h e rs t h e n i n t h e p ro vi n ce as t he l e ade r o f

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re b e ll i o n 3 H e p re sid e d o v e r t h e Pro vi n ci al C o n gre ss t he d ay b e fore t he b at t l e Of B u n k e r s
’
.

H ill— w h e re t h o ugh h o ldin g t h e commissi on Of M ajor G e n e ral h e fo ugh t as a v o lu n t e e r I t

,
-
, .

w as o rde re d by C on gre ss t h at a m on um e n t sh o uld b e e re c t e d at B o s t o n i n re m e mbran ce o f

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him an d — havin g l e ft b e hi n d hi m v e ry li t t l e o f t his w orld s subst an ce —t h at his son sh ould

,
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b e con sid e re d as t h e chi ld o f t h e publi c an d b e e ducat e d at t he e xp e n s e o f t he Un i t e d S t at e s ,

.

Warre n was i n it i at e d i n S t A n dre w s L o dg e B o st on i n 1 7 61 an d b e cam e i t s Mast e r i n ’

, , ,

1 7 68 . D uri n g his G ran d M as t e rshi pt h e re w e re t hirt y s e v e n m e e t in gs o f t he G ran d Lo dg e -

,

t h i rt y fo ur Of w hich w e re h e ld i n
-
ampl e fo rm .

M on t go me ry was Of I rish birt h an d aft e r s e rvin g w i t h dist i n c t ion in t he F re n ch w ar , ,

s e t t l e d i n A m e ri ca The c o mmissi on o f Brigadi e r—G e n e ral i n t h e C o n t i n e n t al A rmy w as

.

b e st owe d up o n him e arly i n t he war an d he w as kille d at t h e at t ack on Qu e b e c D e ce mb e r 3 1 , , ,

1 775 . N 0 m an t h at e v e r fe ll i n b at t l e duri n g a c ivil con t e s t w as m ore u n iv e rs ally re gre t t e d ,

an d his u n t im e ly fat e w as as mu c h d e plore d i n E n gl an d as i n t he co un t ry Of his ad o p t i on .

H e w as am o n g t he M as on i c fri e n ds who g at h e re d aro u n d Washi n g t o n at C amb ridg e i n t h e

b e gi n n in g Of t he w ar .

D avid Wo o s t e r who w as b orn i n 1 7 1 1 s e rve d as a C ap t ai n i n t h e e xp e di t io n again s t

, ,

1
P ro c. G . L . Ma s s , 1 8 7 7, pp . 63 -67 .
2
E . G S t ore r,
. Fre e m as on ry in C o nn e c t i cu t , 1 8 59 , pp . 1 44 8 .

3
Ban cro ft , Ce n t e n ar y di t e .
, 1 8 7 6, vol
. iii .
,
p . 59 8 .
42 0 SE A AND F I E LD L OD GE S .

t he S t aff of t he A rmy, an d t he A rt ill e ry The

pre s e n t at iv e s o f t he Mass achus e t t s an d
. re

C on n e ct icu t Mili t ary Li n e s —Joh n Pi e rce an d J on at h an H e art — als o act i n g o n b e h al f o f

Washin gt on an d A m e ri can Un io n L o dge s re sp e ct iv e ly Mord e cai Gist w as ch o s e n P re sid e n t .
,

an d Ot h o Willi ams S e cre t ary o f t he C o m mi t t e e

, A n add re ss w as t h e n d raw n up t o t he .

G ran d Mast e rs of t h e s e ve ral L o dge s i n t he re sp e ct i ve Un i t-c d S t at e s Of A m e ri ca I n t his .

t o ave rt t he imp e n di n g d an g e rs o f S chisms an d A p o s t acy —t he e xp e die n cy w as m ai n t ain e d ,

,

of e s t ablishi n g o n e G ran d L o dge i n A m e ri ca t o p re sid e o v e r an d g o v e rn al l o t h e r L odge s

“
, ,

lice n s e d or t o b e li ce n s e d u p on t he C on t i n e n t ; an d t he G ran d M ast e rs o r a m aj orit y Of t h e i r

, ,
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n umb e r w e re re qu e s t e d t o n omi n at e as
,
a b ro t h e r w h o s e m e ri t and c ap ac i t y migh t

b e ad e qu at e t o a s t at i on so i m p ort an t an d t o submit his n am e t o ge t h e r w i t h t h at o f t h e L o dg e

, ,

t o b e e s t ablish e d t o o u r G ran d M o t h e r L o dg e i n E urop e fo r app ro b at i on an d c on fi rm at i o n .

This add re ss
“
b e i n g re ad an d un an im o usly agre e d t o was sign e d i n con ve n t i on an d t he , ,

co mmi t t e e adj o u rn e d w i t h o u t d e l ay .

A Con v e n t i on L odge fro m t he di ffe re n t Li n e s o f t he A rmy an d d e p art m e n t s w as h e ld ,

M arch 6— u n d e r t he au t h orit y of t he A m e ri can Un i o n L odge at w hi ch t he p ro ce e di n gs o f t h e ,

c o mmi t t e e w e re u n an im o usly app ro v e d .

A t t his p e ri o d t h e o n ly G ran d Lo dge s (i n t h e co n t e mpl at i o n Of t h e C o mmi t t e e ) w e re t h o s e i n

Massachuse t t s P e n n sylv an i a an d V i rgi n i a ; an d al t h ough t he n am e o f Washin g t on as G ran d
, ,

Mast e r d e sign at e d oe s n ot app e ar i n t h e add re ss fro m t he M as o ni c C on v e n t io n i n t h e army ye t ,

it w as form ally sign ifi e d t o t h e s e G ran d L o dg e s t h at h e w as t h e ir ch o i ce I t w ill b e o bs e rv e d t h at .

t he M as on s o f t h e v ario us Mili t ary Li n e s m e t t h re e t im e s i n co n v e n t i o n — o u t he fi rs t o ccasio n t o

prop ou n d a s ch e m e o n t he s e con d t o arran g e t h e d e t ails an d o n t h e t hi rd t o rat i fy t he p roce e d
, ,

i n gs Of t h e e x e cut iv e co mmit t e e Washin gt on t h e re fore wh os e n am e is re cord e d am on g t h o s e o f

.
, ,

t he visi t ors o n S t J o hn s D ay 1 7 7 9 w as as mu ch a p art y t o t h e p roce e di n gs o f t h at d at e as we re

’

, ,

t h e act ual m e mb e rs p re s e n t Of t he A m e ri can Un i on Lo dge This d o ub t l e ss le d t o t h e p roj e ct .

b e i n g t ak e n up so warmly by t h e G ran d Lo dg e Of P e n n sylv ani a by whi c h b ody i t w as c om ,

m u n i cat e d t o o t h e r j uris d i ct ion s ; b u t t h e y did n o t vi e w i t w it h fav o ur an d n o ac t i on re sul t e d , .

I t is a li t t l e si n gul ar t h at i n Phil ad e lphi a — t h e n t h e m e t ro p o lis o f N ort h A m e ri ca— t he

go ve rn in g M asoni c b o dy we re o n ly i n form e d o n July 2 7 1 7 8 0 t h at t h e re was a G ran d
“
, ,

L odge i n V irgi ni a an d t he re cords fro m w hi ch t his is gle an e d 1 giv e — u n d e r t he sam e d at e

t he follo w i n g I t is re p ort e d t h at t h e re is a G ran d Lo dg e i n B o s t o n I n t h e s am e y e ar .

S e p t e mb e r 4— J o s e ph We bb ( Mass achus e t t s) kn e w o f bu t t w o A m e ri can G ran d Lo dg e s t h at ,

o f P e n n sylv an i a an d his o w n an d had h e ard Of n o i n cre as e i n t h e n umb e r b e y ond t h e G L

, . .

o f N e w Y ork so l at e as M arch 8 1 7 8 7 , .

The id e a Of a G e n e ral G ran d M as t e r o r S up e ri n t e n di n g G ran d L o dge w as re viv e d i n 1 7 9 0 ,

w h e n i t w as t ak e n up by G e orgia an d at v ario us o t h e r t im e s (an d w ays) s o m e s e v e n t e e n i n

, ,

al l t he l as t o ccasi o n b e i n g i n 1 8 62
,
I t is s o m e w h at c urio us t h at t he p roj e ct t h o ugh co n
.
,

st an t l y re viv e d by a n umb e r o f A m e ri can G ran d L o dge s af t e r 1 7 8 0 has si n ce t h at ,

d at e e ncou n t e re d t he d e t e rmi n e d o pp o sit i on of t h e M as on ic commu n i t y i n Pe n n sylvan ia .

The b e li e f t h at G e n e ral Washi n gt o n w as G ran d M as t e r o f t he Un it e d S t at e s — at o n e t im e a

v e ry p re v ale n t o n e 2 — w as s t re n g t h e n e d by a M ason i c m e d al s t ru ck i n 1 7 9 7 h avin g o n on e , ,

1
E ar ly H ist . G L P e n n syl ,
. . . p 17
. . Ju ne 2 0, 1 7 8 5 —R e ce
. iv d
e t he nam e s of t he Gld ‘
. Offi ce r s of t he S t at e of

V i gi i
r n a . The G1“ S e c . y is. re q u e st d te o ma k e e nq u r iy as to t hi
e r an t iq i ty
u ( I bi d .
, p .

3
A n te , p . 3 53 .
 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S
42 1
.

sid e i n it i als G W
t he ,
1
The fo ll o w i n g h o w e ve r is his M as on i c re cord b ri e fly t old :
. .
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—H e w as i n it iat e d i n t h e F re de ricksburg Lo dge , V irgin ia N o ve mb e r 4 1 7 52 an d b e cam e a , , ,

Mas t e r Mas on A u gust 4 1 7 53 This L odg e d e riv e d i t s aut h ori t y from B o s t on bu t Ob t ai n e d

, , .
,
I

a S cot t ish c h art e r i n 1 7 58 w hi c h s e e ms on t he w ho l e t o fort i fy a co nj e ct u re w h i ch has b e e n

,

advan c e d by H ayd e n
2
t h at Washin g t on w as hea le d an d re Obligat e d i n N o 2 2 7 (46t h F oo t )
,
-
.

i n o rd e r t o qu alify him for admissi on i n t o a L o dg e h e ld u n d e r a w arran t fro m t he G ran d

L od ge o f I re l an d I n 1 7 7 9 he d e clin e d t h e o ffi ce o f G M o f V i rgi n i a bu t acce p t e d t h at o f
. . .
,

M ast e r Of A le x an d ri a L odge N O 2 2 i n his n at ive S t at e i n 1 7 8 8 A s P re sid e n t Of t he Un i t e d

, .
, ,
.

S t at e s he w as s w orn i n —A p ril 3 0 1 7 8 9 —ou t h e Bibl e o f S t Jo h n s L o dg e N e w Y ork by

’

, , ,

Ch an ce ll or Livi n gst o n e G M Of t h at S t at e ,
I n 1 7 9 3 — S e p t e mb e r 1 8 — h e l ai d t he corn e r
. . .

st on e Of t he Capit ol an d is de s crib e d i n t he o ffi c ial p ro ce e di n gs as G ran d M ast e r p ro t e m

, .
,

an d Worship ful M as t e r o f N o 2 2 o f Virgi n ia Washin g t on di e d i n 1 7 9 9 an d was burie d

.
,
.
,

w i t h M as on i c h on o u rs o n D e ce mb e r 1 8 o f t h at y e ar .

I t is a c uri o us c ircums t an c e an d d e s e rve s t o b e re c ord e d t h at w i t h t h e e x ce p t i on o f M aj or

, ,

G e n e ral R ich ard G ridle y w ho at t e n d e d t wo m e e t i n gs o f t he S t J o h n s G ran d L o d g e B o st on

,
’

, ,

i n 1 7 8 7 Washin gt on app e ars t o h av e b e e n t he o n ly m an o f m ark w h o g radu at i n g u n de r t he

, , ,

old e r syst e m o f M as on ry b e fore i t s p o pul ari t y w as o n t he w an e ass o c i at e d hims e l f at all ,

c lo s e ly wi t h t he p ro ce e di n gs o f t h e C raft e i t h e r du ri n g t he w ar w i t h E n gl an d o r at an y ,

lat e r d at e B e fore t he p oli t i cal t ro ubl e s— as will be h e re aft e r n arrat e d —n o on e figu re d more
.

p romin e n t ly on t he Mas on ic s t age t h an B e nj amin F ran klin ; bu t w e n o wh e re re ad o f his

p art icip at i n g i n Mas on i c fe llow ship i n t h e co u n t ry Of his bi rt h aft e r his re t urn fro m E n gl an d , ,

i n 1 7 62 A ccordin g t o a publi cat i on o f gre at w e igh t an d au t h orit y t he M o d e rn s n umb e re d

.
,

am on g t h e ir p ro m in e n t m e mb e rs m an y w ho w e re Opp o s e d t o t he i n d e p e n d e n ce o f t he co l o n i e s ,

” 3
w hile t he A n c i e n t s w e re m o st ly i n fav o ur t h e re o f I n 1 7 7 6 t he e arli e s t P ro vin ci al G ran d .

Lodg e o f Pe n n sylvan i a was p ract i cally e x t in ct i t s m e mb e rs h avi n g b e e n sh arply divid e d i n ,

p olit i cal s e n t im e n t at t he e ra o f t he R e vo lu t i on an d t h e i r Gran d Mast e r Chi e f J u st i ce , ,

A lle n h avi n g pl ace d hims e l f u n d e r t h e pro t e ct io n o f G e n e ral H o w e

,
A t t he s am e d at e t he .

c on di t i on Of affai rs w as v e ry similar i n N e w Y ork t he P ro v G M o f w hi c h S t at e S i r J o h n ,

. . .
,

J o h n son was commission e d as a co l on e l by t h e B rit ish an d (accordin g t o an u n fri e n dly

, ,

bi ograph e r) di re ct e d t h e m ov e m e n t s o f as blo o dy a b an d of s av age s an d o ut laws as e xist e d

durin g t he R e vo lut i on 4 whil e at B o s t on t he i n flu e n ce o f J o s e ph Warre n b ot h i n Mas on ry ,

an d p o li t i c s has al re ady b e e n n arrat e d

, .

A t t he t e rmin at i on o f h o s t ilit ie s i n 1 7 8 3 w e fi n d t h e re fore t h at i n P e n n sylvan i a t h e , , ,

A n c i e n t s w e re n ot on ly sup re m e b u t un ch all e n ge d I n M assac hus e t t s ab o u t an e qual n umb e r .

o f L o dge s h e ld ch art e rs fro m e ach o f t h e t w o Gran d Lo dg e s an d at t h e Un i o n Of t h e s e b o di e s ,

i n 1 7 9 2 t h e on ly allusi on t o t h e div e rsit y o f rit e s w as t h e sin gl e p rovis o t h at A ll dist in ct io n s

”
b e t we e n A n c ie n t an d Mo d e rn M as on s sh all be ab o lish e d as far as pract i cable 5 I n N e w .

Y ork m an y of t h e L o dge s u n d e r t he o lde r s an ct ion gradu ally at t ac h e d t h e ms e lv e s t o t he pre

domi n an t syst e m an d b e yon d t he fact t h at t h e ir m e mb e rs w e re u n d e rst oo d t o h av e shi ft e d
,

t h e ir all e gian ce an d t o h av e b e co m e
,
A n c i e n t s v e ry lit t l e m ore s e e ms t o h av e b e e n re quire d ,
.

of t h e m I n S out h C aroli n a t he s t rife li n g e re d for s o m e y e ars an d t his I im agi n e t o h av e

. ,

1 See Pl t fig 9a e, . .
2
P . 31 f
c . an te , p . 59 .
3
E ar ly H ist . G L Pe nn syl ,
. . . p xxxix
. .

Ha yd p 2 57e n, . .
1 P roc . G
. L . Ma s s ,
1 8 7 7, p . 45
.
42 2 S E A A N D F I E L D L OD GE S .

b e e n m ain ly t he re sul t Of t he p re s e n c e Of a larg e B rit ish garris o n i n t h at S t at e du ri n g t he

c l o si n g y e ars o f t he s t ruggl e for i n d e p e n d e n c e .

G rad u ally h o w e v e r all dis t i n c t i on s b e t w e e n t h e t w o syst e ms w e re re m o v e d t hrough o u t

, ,

t h e C on t in e n t an d t h e p rud e n t co urs e ado p t e d by t h e G ran d L o dge o f N e w J e rs e y i n 1 8 07

, , ,

m u s t b e co mm e n d e d by w hi ch b ody t h e di ffi c ult i e s o f re con c ili n g an y discre p an ci e s w e re

,

at o n ce surm o u n t e d by t h e app o i n t m e n t Of a co mmit t e e t o co n sid e r o f an d i n t ro du ce an

1 ”
h
u n iform syst e m o f w orkin g t o be obs e rve d t hro ugh o u t t h e s e v e ral Lo dg e s of t e S t e at .

A M E R I CA N F I E LD L ODGE S .
2

U S Bat t a i o n , S t
. . l J oh n s,
’
1 N Y . .
, 1 775 . P e nn sylv i Li an a ne,

Co n n e ct i cu t Li ne , A m e r can Un i i on , N E . . 1 776 . Ne w J s y Li
er e ne ,

lst R e g Pe n n syl A rt e r
. . ill y ,
19 P .
, 1 779 .

ss h s s Li
M a ac u e t t n e , Wa shi gt n on , 13 M .
,
1 7 79 . L gie on o f t he
N th C
or li R gi m aro na e e n t, 20 P .
,
1 779 . 2 d Di v N o rt h A my
. e rn r ,

M yl d Li
ar an ne , 27 P .
, 1 78 0 . U it d S t t s A my
n e a e r ,

P sylv i Li
enn an a ne , 28 P .
, 1 78 0 . M iss i M ili t y
ou r ar ,

Ve ra Cru z Q it m
, u an , 9 6 M iss 1 8 48 . .

The fi rst
L odg e s on t his lis t w e re i n e xis t e n ce d u ri n g t h e R e v olu t ion
ten Th e t hird i n .

ord e r n o w ,
Mo n t go m e ry N o 1 9 Phil ad e lphia is t radi t ion ally ass e rt e d t o h av e b e e n o rigi
, .
, ,

”
n ally a Mili t ary L o d g e w i t h a t rav e lli n g w arran t fro m t h e G L o f E n gl an d
,
All w arran t s . . .

issu e d t o mili t ary b o di e s w e re re call e d by t h e G ran d L o dg e o f P e n n sylv an i a i n 1 7 8 4 an d ,

fro m t h at d at e t he A rmy L o d ge s e it h e r ce as e d t o e xis t o r assum e d a n e w ch arac t e r .

A n appli cat ion fo r a w arran t t o h o ld a Trav e lli n g L o dg e i n t he armi e s o f t he Uni t e d

“

S t at e s w as re fus e d by t h e G L Of N e w J e rs e y i n 1 7 9 1 an d i n t h e s am e y e ar a Trav e lli n g . .

Warran t w as gran t e d by t h e G L Of N e w Y o rk t o s o m e n on mili t ary b re t hre n de sirou s o f . .

-

e re c t i n g a L o dg e i n t he I sl an d Of Cu racoa .

Th e firs t F i e ld Lo dg e aft e r t he p e ace — N O 58 ( P ) — w as e s t ablish e d i n t h e ,

Le gion Of t h e . .

Un it e d S t at e s c o mm an d e d by G e n e ral A n t h on y Wayn e i n 1 7 9 3 ; an d i t is s aid t h at n e arly

, ,

all t he m e mb e rs w e re k ill e d i n t h e I n di an War A ft e r t his i n t he G L o f N e w Y ork .

, . .

M arch 2 1 8 1 4 a p e t i t i on fro m a n umb e r o f o ffi ce rs Of t h e s e c on d di v isi on O

, f t h e N o rt h e rn
A rmy at Pl at t sburgh p rayi n g for a m archi n g w arran t t o b e calle d N ort h e rn Ligh t Lo dg e
’
, , , ,

w as re ad an d re fe rre d t o t h e G ran d Ofli ce rs Wh e t h e r t he ch art e r s o li cit e d w as gran t e d or .

n o t I am u n abl e t o s t at e ; bu t l at e r i n t h e s am e y e ar a F i e ld L o dg e — N o 1 4 0— w as e re ct e d
, .

by t h e G L of P e n n sylv an i a t o b e h e ld wh e re v e r t he M ast e r for t he t i m e b e in g sh o uld b e

. .
,

s t at ion e d i n t he A rmy o f t h e Un i t e d S t at e s .

The l ast t w o L o dg e s o n t he li s t w e re e s t abli sh e d durin g t h e M e xi can w ar an d i t is quit e ,

p o ssibl e t h at t h e re w e re ot h e rs t h o ugh t h e p art i cul ars w it h re g ard t o t h e m h av e n ot fall e n i n

,

my w ay .

F i e ld L o dg e s sp ran g up w it h rat h e r a luxu ri an t growt h d u rin g t he l at e c ivil w ar an d w e re ,

fre e ly e s t abl ish e d o n b o t h sid e s Bu t t h e e xp e ri e n ce Of t h e w ar w as d e cid e dly u n fav o urabl e .

t o t he ir u t ili t y an d w e fi n d t h e G ran d L o dge Of P e n n sylv an i a i n 1 8 65 c o n grat ulat e d o n

, , ,

h avin g k e p t h e rs e l f fre e fro m t h e diffi c ul t i e s e mb arrassm e n t s an d e n t an gle m e n t s whi ch t he , , ,

1
J . H . Hou gh O igi , r n of Ma s on r yi n New J syp
er e , . 12 5 .

2
The l etter sNY d . . e n ot e N e w Y ork N E
. .
, N ew E ngland (S t Jh s o n
’
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.
,
P en ns ylvan i a ; M . M assa
chu se t ts C L ; Mo
. . .
,
M i ssou ri : an d M is s ,
M i ssi ssippi .
42 4 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A IL
I E R I CA .

C H A P TE R XXX I .

F R E E M A S ON R Y I N T H E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

OCUM E N TA R Y vid e n ce an d t radi t i on are alik e sile n t w it h re g ard t o t h e

e

i n t ro du ct ion o f M as o n ry i n t o A m e ri c a L ord A l e x an d e r V is co u n t C an ada w ho .

, ,

i n co mp an y w i t h his b ro t h e r A n t h on y— M as t e r o f Work t o t h e Kin g— b e cam e a

m e mb e r o f t h e L o dge o f E din burgh i n 1 63 4 sh ort ly aft e rwards fo u n d e d a ,

c o l o n y o n t h e r iv e r S t L aw r e n c e
1
Bu t i f an y L odge s w e re e s t ablish e d by e arly .

e xpl ore rs o f t h e co n t i n e n t t h e y p e rish e d b e fo re t he d aw n o f accre di t e d M as on i c

,

hist ory l e avi n g b e hi n d t h e m n o t race s o f t h e ir e xis t e n ce I t h as i n d e e d b e e n re l at e d

,
.

t h at i n 1 658 t h e t h re e d e gre e s o f M as on ry w e re i n t ro du ce d by s o m e D u t ch J e ws i n t o N e w
p ort R h o d e I sl an d 2 bu t t h e st at e m e n t is u n w ort hy of s e ri o us re fu t at i on
, ,
.

3
v B
Go e rn or e c e r as l h m e n t i n
o e d a t a n e,
ar li e r p ag e w as admit t e d ( ac cordin g t o his o w n ,

t e st im on y) i n t o t h e C raft i n 1 7 04 an d mus t h av e c arri e d b ack w i t h him s o m e sligh t ,

ac qu ai n t an ce w i t h i t s p ri n c ipl e s o n his re t u rn t o t h e N e w W orld i n 1 7 05 T e n y e ars l at e r .

March 1 0 1 7 1 5— a l e t t e r is said t o h av e b e e n w ri t t e n by J oh n M oore t he Kin g s C o ll e ct or at

, ,
’

t h e p ort o f Phil ad e lphia i n w hi ch h e allud e s t o a fe w e v e n in gs sp e n t i n fe s t ivi t y w i t h his

,

M ason i c bre t h re n 4 The re is als o a t radit io n t h at a L o dg e u n d e r t h e ju risdi ct i on of t he Gran d

.

Lo dg e o f E n glan d was duly w arran t e d at B o st on i n 1 7 2 0 bu t di e d o u t sh ort ly aft e rwards ,

5
o w i n g t o t h e vi o l e n t o pp o si t i o n t e c u i n o n t e re d A ft e r t his w e are b ro ugh t d o wn wi t h o u t a .

bre ak t o t he y e ar 1 7 3 0 w h e n t he re al hist o ry o f M as on ry i n t h e Un it e d S t at e s m ay be s aid

,

t o h av e i t s co mm e n ce m e n t an d W e fi n d o u rs e lve s fairly l au n ch e d up on an i n quiry o f gre at

,

i n t e re st an d sin gular co mple xi t y .

I t is n ot so difii cu lt a t ask t o pl an t n e w t rut hs as t o roo t o u t old e rrors an d t h e re fore t he ,

pract i ce o f Tim ot h e us an an c i e n t t e ach e r o f rh e t ori c mus t b e c o mm e n d e d wh o always

, , ,

d e m an d e d a d o uble fe e fro m t h o s e p u pils who h ad b e e n in st ru ct e d by ot h e rs si n c e i n t h at ,

c as e he h ad n o t o n ly t o plan t i n b u t als o t o roo t o u t ,

.

S o l on g i n d e e d as sp e c i ou s p rob abilit i e s are pl ace d o n t he s am e fo ot i n g w i t h w e ll

, ,

s
at t e t e d f ac t s s o l o n g w ill M a s o n i c his t or y b e a misl e a di n g guid e an d t h e mis fo rt u n e is — to ,
,

1 C h ps V I I I p 408 ; XXI II p
a . .
, . .
, . 47 Ly on , p . 86 .
2
F P . e t e r on , s Hist f R h d I sl d
. o o e an .

3
C h p XVI p 2 69
a . .
P,
. .
1
‘
ro c . G L Pe n n syl , 1 8 8 2 ,
. . . p . 1 52 .
5
P ro c. G L Ma
. . ss 1 8 8 3 p 1 55
.
, ,
. .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

quo t e H obb e s who con sid e re d all b o o ks t o be m e re ly e x t ract s an d co pi e s

,
t h at m o s t au t h o rs

are lik e sh e e p n e v e r d e vi at i n g fro m t h e b e at e n p at h

,
.

Of l at e y e ars i t is t ru e m an y n e w fact s h av e b e e n b ro ugh t t o ligh t an d t he m at e ri als for

, , ,

an e xh aus t iv e sk e t ch o f t he e arly M as on ry o f A m e ri ca h av e b e e n v as t ly e x t e n d e d N e ve r .

t he le ss t h e s t ory con t i n u e s t o b e t o ld i n t he o ld w ay an d t h e re has hi t h e rt o b e e n n o att e mp t ,

t o d e al w it h t h e subj e ct as a w h o l e div e s t e d of t h e i n crus t at i on s o f e rror whi ch h av e b e e n

,

laid o v e r i t by su cce ssiv e n arrat ors .

To t ho s e w ho l o v e t o rid e at an ch o r i t m ay b e a disqui e t i n g re fl e ct i on t h at n o S t at u t e o f,

Limi t at i on s is re co gn is e d i n ou r co urt s of li t e rary j urisdict ion Bu t t his fact n o t w it hs t an din g .

,

t h e s t ud e n t o f ou r an t iquit i e s can n o t alw ays h o ld his o pi n i o n s i n s o lu t i on e xp e ct i n g t h at fre sh ,

discove ri e s will k e e p p ace w i t h t he s e arch for t h e m .

I n his t ori cal i n qu iry— as obs e rv e d at t h e o ut s e t o f t his w ork — fi n ali t y can h av e n o pl ac e ,

bu t whi l e I re adily admit t h at t h e con c lusi o n s t o w hi c h I am ab o ut t o giv e e xp re ssi o n m ay

b e o ve rt urn e d by addit i on al fac t s I sh all ch e rish t h e h op e t h at n o e vid e n ce av ailable at t he
,

t im e o f w ri t in g w ill b e fo u n d t o h av e b e e n n e gl e ct e d n o r t h at I h ave an y w h e re fail e d t o ,

in di cat e wit h su ffi ci e n t ful n e ss t he p o i n t s on w hi ch diffe re n ce s o f o pi n i o n m ay rat i on ally

e xis t .

Wi t h t he n am e s of D an ie l C ox e an d H e n ry Pric e t he ge n e ralit y of Mas on ic s t ud e n t s will

b e famili ar The form e r re ce ive d a d e pu t at i on as Pro vi n c i al Gran d M as t e r bu t t h e re is
.
,

h ardly a sci n ti lla of e vid e n ce t o sh o w t h at h e e v e r e x e rcis e d an y au t h ori t y u n d e r i t The .

lat t e r o n t he o t h e r h an d e x e rcis e d all t he au t h o rit y o f a Pro v G M t h ough n o abso lut e

, ,
. . .
,

proof is fort h co min g t h at h e w as at an y t im e i n lawful p o ss e ssi on of a d e pu t at i on .

The v ario us q u e s t i o n s arisi n g di re ct ly o r i n dire ct ly o u t o f t h e au t h orit y gran t e d o r

, ,

e x e rc is e d by C o x e an d Pri ce re sp e c t ive ly h av e b e e n large ly d e b at e d i n t h e j o u rn als o f t h e ,

C raft By on e se t of w rit e rs t he M as on i c p re ce d e n cy o f Philad e lphi a an d by an ot h e r t h at of

.
,

B o st on (Mass achuse t t s) has b e e n affi rm e d Bu t i t s e e ms t o m e e qu ally imp ossible t o side

,
.

c o mpl e t e ly w i t h t h e fo rm e r o r t h e l at t e r an d t h e e x amin at i o n up o n whi c h w e are ab o u t t o ,

e n t e r w ill I t hi nk n e ce ssi t at e o u r follo w in g t he e x ampl e o f L ord K e e p e r B ridgm an o f wh o m

, , ,

i t is re lat e d t h at i f a cas e ad m it t e d o f div e rs d o ub t s wh at t h e l awye rs call p o i n t s he , ,

w o uld n e ve r giv e al l o n on e sid e b u t e it h e r p art y sh o uld h av e s om e w h at t o go aw ay

,

” 1
w it h .

I n t he e arli e s t mi n ut e b oo k o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d t h e re is a lis t o f L o dg e s w i t h

-
,

t he n am e s o f t h e i r m e mb e rs as re gis t e re d i n 1 7 3 1 — 32 Alt h o ugh t h e re are s o m e o mi ss i on s

, .

in t he abs e n ce d o ub t le ss o f re t u rn s— a roll is giv e n o f by far a m aj ori t y o f t he L o dge s t he

, , ,

t o t al si le n c e o f t he re cords w it h re gard t o t h e m e mb e rshi p o f t h e Old H orn Lo dge b e i n g ,

p e rh aps of all t he lacu n ae t h e lo ss t h at will be chi e fly d e plore d The las t Lo dge o n t he lis t .

i s N o 1 04 at t he V irgin s I n n D e rby c on s t i t ut e d S e p t e mb e r 1 4 1 7 3 2
.
,
’
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Wi t h t h e e x ce pt ion
, ,
.

o f t h e d at e s o f con s t i t u t i o n w hi c h I h av e t ak e n fro m t h e E n grav e d Lis t s an d t h e publi c at i on

, ,

o f D r A n d e rs o n ( 1 7 3 8 e di t i o n ) t h e fo llo w i n g are e x t ract s fro m t his re gis t e r

,
Th e n am e s .

show n are i n e ach c as e a s e l e c t i on fro m t h e ac t u al lis t o f m e mb e rs 2 .

1 g N t h Liv s f t h N d t hs dit 1 8 2 6 l i p 1 7 9
Ro er or , e o e r , e .
, vo . .
, . .

I d li g wi t h t h
9
n ea n ly his t y f A m i M s y I h v l k d t h gh t h s m ll d f t h t l s p
e ea/r or o e r can a on r a e oo e rou e a en o e e e co e,

th l tt —
,

whil i
e n mp
e t iv ly m d
a er —p t i t h i st m
o r co ara t h b v s d d by t t i g t h s bj
e o e rn or on , e n ru en as e e n re er e , an re a n e u e ct

i b
n d
ro a t li I h v d v d t b i g i t w i t hi t h li m i t s f g
e r ou ne, a e en ea l his t yo u re o rn n e o a e n e ra or .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A IV
I E I C I CA .

De s cri pt ion . Dat e of s

C o n t i t u t io n .

8 DE VI L T A V E R N , WI T H I N T E M PLE BA R . A p il 2 5
r
,
172 2 .

C l d au e C re spi gn y ( M ast e r) , E dw _
. Ra v e ne ll
J h
o n H ou g t on , h an d Dan i lC
e o x e .

75 R A I N BOW C OF F E E -H OU S E , IN Y o n x BU I LD I N G S . J u ly 1 7, 17 30 .

J h Pi t t ( M st
o n a er ), dw d R v
E ar a ene ll J h
,
o n

H gh t
ou S on , ent
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J o h H gh t o n ou n,

an d H y P i ceenr r .

79 C A S TLE , IN H I G H G A TE .

T h s o .
( M ast e r)
M oore , A . C h k
e c e

W Bl ack e rb y (G
. . Tre as , 1 7 3 0-3 7 ) an d

C lau de Cre spi gn y ,

I n t he L od g e at t h e D e vil t h e re w e re t w e n t y e igh t m e mb e rs an d t he n am e o f D an i e l -
,

C o x e app e ars as t he e igh t e e n t h o n t he lis t Th e Lo dge at t h e R ain b ow b oas t e d a mu c h .

“

l arge r m e mb e rship n o l e ss t h an six t y t h re e n am e s figuri n g i n t he ro ll o f whi ch t he fi ft y

,
-
,

t hird in o rd e r w as t h at o f H e n ry Pri c e .

A t ab o ut t h e middl e o f t h e l as t n am e d li s t t h e re is an app are n t bre ak an d t h e n follow s

-
,

a furt h e r s e ri e s o f n am e s b e l on gi n g i n al
,
l p rob abili t y t o b re t h re n w ho had b e co m e m e mb e rs
in 1 7 3 2 . Th e re c an h ardly b e a d o ub t as t o t he D an i e l C o x e an d H e n ry Pri ce o f t h e Lo dg e s
N o s 8 an d 7 5 b e i n g t h e A m e ri can w ort hi e s b e ari n g t h e s am e n am e s
.
,
The form e r was .

ce rt ai n ly i n E n gl an d i n t h e e arly p art o f 1 7 3 1 an d t he l at t e r re fe rs o n m ore t h an o n e ,

o ccasi on t o h avi n g b e e n p e rs on ally ac qu ai n t e d w i t h s o m e o f t h e l e adi n g M as on s o f L on do n

ab ou t 1 7 3 3 M ore ov e r hi s pat e n t as Pro v G M w hic h h e al ways s t at e d was d e liv e re d t o

.
, . .

him i n p e rs on b e ars t h e d at e (accordin g t o re cords t he au t h ori t y o f whi ch will be p re s e n t ly

, ,

e x amin e d) o f A p ril 3 0 o f t h at y e ar .

I t w ill b e s e e n t h at t h re e p e rs on s— Cl aud e Cre spign y E d w ard R av e n e ll an d J oh n , ,

H o ugh t on — b e lo n g e d at t he s am e t im e t o m o re t h an o n e L o dg e w h ile i n t he c as e o f t wo o f ,

t h e m t h e dual m e mb e rship w as o f an id e n t i cal ch aract e r Th e s e p o in t s m ay b e u se fu lly n o t e d

, .
,

as a g oo d d e al o f sp e c ul at i on h as aris e n w i t h re g ard b o t h t o C o x e an d P ri ce w hi c h t h e d e t ails ,

h e re giv e n m ay assist i n pl ac in g o n a sou n d e r b asis Thus t o sligh t ly an t icip at e Claud e .

, ,

Cre spi gn y t he Mas t e r o f t he Lo dge t o w hi ch C o x e b e l on ge d w as als o a m e mb e r o f N o 7 9

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t h e n m e e t in g at t he C as t le i n H ighg at e b u t sh ort ly t o b e com e v acan t an d l at e r s t ill t o b e

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arbit rarily assign e d i n a publi cat i o n o f 1 7 3 5 t o a L o dg e w it hi n C o x e s j u risdi c t i on To t his

’
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,

m ay b e adde d t h at E d ward R av e n e ll an d J o h n H o ugh t on app are n t ly e nj oy e d M as on i c

,

fe ll ow ship b o t h wit h C o x e an d Pric e .

A m on g t h e m e mb e rs o f o t h e r E n glish Lo dg e s at t h e s am e p e ri o d as sh o w n i n t h e re gis t e r ,

of G ran d L o dg e w e re go v e rn ors Bu rri n g t o n an d Ti n k e r S i r W K e i t h B art

, R i ch ard H u ll , .
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, li am D o ugl as an d Ale x an d e r P o p e
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n am e t h o ugh an illus t ri ous o n e

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,
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C o lon i al G o ve rn ors or P ro vi n c i al Gran d M ast e rs ab ro ad .

D an ie l C o x e w as t h e son o f D r D an i e l C o x e o f Lon do n w h o fro m t he y e ar 1 68 7 t o 1 69 0 ,

w as t h e l arg e s t l an d e d p ropri e t or an d als o t he G o v e rn o r o f t h e P ro vi n c e o f We s t J e rs e y .

The fat h e r w as a m an o f l arg e w e al t h an d b e fore his arri v al i n A m e ri ca h ad b e e n in su cce ssi o n

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t he physi cian t o t he C o n s ort o f Ch arl e s I L an d t o Qu e e n A n n e The y o u n g e r C o x e w h o , .

,
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

L an cas t e r t o D r Th o m as C ad wallad e r 1 o f Philad e lphi a t h e re c an re m ai n n o d o u b t

, , , as t o t he
firs t G ran d M as t e r i n A m e ri ca h avi n g co n s t i t u t e d a L odg e at Philad e lphi a

A s you w e l s l k
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ori g n at o s o f r t he fi r t M a on c L od ge i Phil d lphi a A p t y f
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app i t e d by t h t G d L o dge as P vi i l G d M st f N w Y
o n a ran ro nc a ran a er o e k N e w J s y a d P n sylva i
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n e n n a

W t h e f m d ppli cat i on t o him

e re ore d o q s t was g t e d
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an u r re ue ran .

The d oc um e n t ary e vid e n ce l as t pre s e n t e d re s t s o n t h e au t h ori t y o f t he Library Com

m i tt e e G ran d L o dg e o f P e n n sylvan i a w h o s t at e
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The l e t t e r w as e xhi bi t e d i n t he Gran d , ,
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S e cre t ary s o ffi ce [ Phil ad e lphi a] i n 1 8 7 2 I t b ore all t h e m arks o f b e i n g ge n ui n e an d w e

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h ave n o d o ubt o f i t s b e in g corre ct Bu t i t has b e e n p e rt i n e n t ly o bs e rv e d 2 Wh e re has t he .

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l e t t e r b e e n for o n e hu n d re d an d t we n t y ye ars ? I n w h o s e c us t o dy ? Why has i t n e v e r

b e e n b rought t o ligh t b e fore ? Wh at is t h e full t e x t ? Th e s e an d n um e ro us o t h e r qu e st i on s , ,

must be s at is fact orily an s w e re d b e fore we can admi t t his pi e ce o f e vid e n ce F e r an it e m .

t h at has b e e n w ai t e d fo r almo s t o n e hu n d re d an d fift y y e ars i t c o m e s re m ark ably pat If ,

.

n o t a s w ift w i t n e ss i n o n e s e n s e i t is in an o t h e r for i t ce rt ai n ly co v e rs t h e w h o l e g ro u n d
-
, ,
.

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- i n a Lo d g e o f w hi c h B e ll w as at n o t im e a m e mb e r— i n 1 7 3 7 are s o m e w h at e n igm at i cal ,

.

M o re o v e r w e are le d t o b e li e v e t h at i n t h e fall o f 1 7 3 0 t h e re w as bu t a sin gle b o dy o f

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M as on s i n Philad e lphi a wh e re as t he e xis t e n ce o f at l e as t a pl u rali t y o f L odg e s on D e ce mb e r 8

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o f t h at y e ar is dis t i n ct ly s t at e d i n F ran klin s n e w sp ap e r

’

, .

Wh at is n e w is n o t n e ce ssarily t ru e an d i n di cat i on s are n o t wan t in g t h at e v e n i n Phil a , ,

d e lphi a i t s e l f am on g t h o s e by Wh om t h e au t h e n t ic it y o f t he l e t t e r w as fo rm e rly uph e ld t h e re

, ,

are s o m e p e rs o n s w ho b e gi n t o d o ub t t h e v ali di t y o f t h e p ro o fs an d i t is at l e as t a sig n ifi c an t , , ,

fact t h at si n c e t h e dis co v e ry by M ac Calla o f s o m e g e n ui n e re cords d at in g fro m 1 7 3 1 t h e

, ,

d oc um e n t has b e e n as far as p o ssible wi t hdrawn fro m t h e are n a of dis cussion .

Th e l e t t e r i n d e e d t h o ugh i n admissibl e as e vid e n ce i n an y co u rt o f j ust i ce h as d e riv e d a

, , ,

fact it io us imp o rt an ce fro m i t s app e aran ce i n t w o o ffi c i al publi cat i o n s! t h o ugh i t m ay b e w e ll

’
d o ub t e d w h e t h e r w e sh o uld h av e h e ard o f i t at all h ad t he e arly l e dg e r o f S t J o h n s Lo d g e ,

(l i b e r B ) — w i t h w
. hi c h i t c l ash e s — b e e n dis cov e re d t e n ye ars e arli e r t h an i t act u ally w as ?
The o n ly o t h e r e vid e n ce t h at I h ave m e t w i t h re lat in g t o t he p o ssibl e e x e rcis e o f j uris
di ct i on by C o x e o cc urs i n a l e t t e r o f J u ly 2 8 1 7 62 w ri t t e n fro m E liz ab e t h T own N e w
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J e rs e y claimi n g a d e pu t at i on w hi ch J e re my G ridle y Pro v G M at B o s t on had p ro mis e d

, , , . . .
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t o s e n d o n t he re c e ip t o f s at is fact o ry p ro o f t h at D an i e l C o x e h ad di e d b e fore
,

The P e n n sylvan i a Gaz e tt e o f D e ce mb e r 8 1 7 3 0 co n t ai n s t h e e arli e s t p ri n t e d n o t i ce o f t he , ,

Craft i n A m e ri ca

1
An e m nent i physi i
S t J h s L dg Phil d lphi 1 7 3 7 di d 1 7 7 9
c an , b orn 1 7 07 a me m b e r of o n
’
o e, a e a, e .

By M S
9
D Ni k s i thr N w E gl d F
e re n o m s l i 1 8 74 p 3 8 0 ;
. c d P G L fM s
e r on , n e e n an re e a on , vo . .
, , . an ro c . . . o a s ,

18 8 3 p 18 7
, This dist i g ish d M s
. w G M
. f M ss h s t t s i 1 8 7 4 d G d S t y i 18 8 3
n u e a on as . . o a ac u e n ,
an ran e cre ar n .

D di t i M m i l M s i T m pl Phil d lphi 1 8 7 5 p 2 1 ; E ly H is t G d L dg f P sylv i

p

3 e ca on e or a ,
a on c e e, a e a, ar . ran o e o e nn an a,
, .

I t d t i 1 8 77 p xi
n ro uc on, , . .

E T S h lt z F
1
m s y i M yl d 1 8 8 4 p 2 4 ; B st R ds 1 8 8 6 p 7 8
‘
. . c u , re e a on r n ar an o on e co r
, , .
, , . .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

A s t h e res e ve ral L od ge s o f F re e m as on s e re c t e d i n t his Pro vi n ce an d p e o pl e h av e

are ,

l at e ly b e e n mu c h amuse d w it h c onj e ct ure con ce rn in g t h e m w e t hin k t he follo wi n g acc o u n t ,

o f F re e m as o n ry fro m L on d o n w ill n ot b e u n acce p t abl e t o o u r re ad e rs .

Th e n fo ll o w s a re ci t al t h at By t he d e at h o f a ge n t le man wh o was on e o f t he B rot h e r

,
“

h o o d o f F re e m as o n s t h e re has l at e ly h app e n e d a dis co ve ry o f abu n d an c e of t h e ir s e cre t sig n s

,

an d w o n d e rs w i t h t he mys t e ri o us m an n e r o f t h e ir admissi on i n t o t h at F rat e rn i t y con t ai ne d

, ,

i n a m an us crip t fo u n d am on g his p ap e rs .

A l t h o ugh F ran kli n h e re d e p o s e s t o t he e xi s t e n c e o f se ve ra l L o dge s i n 1 7 3 0 t h e re is n o ,

fu rt h e r e vid e n ce t h at w ill e n abl e us t o id e n t ify m ore t h an o n e o f t h e m— S t J o h n s Lo dg e

’

Philad e lphi a— i n w hi c h t h at re m ark able m an is b e h av e d w it h goo d re as on t o hav e hims e lf , ,

’
re ce iv e d t h e ligh t o f Mas on ry i n F e b ru ary 1 7 3 1 Th e d at e o f F ran kli n s i n it i at i o n re m ain e d .

for a l on g t im e u n ce rt ai n alt h o ugh i t w as righ t ly assum e d t h at t he i n s e rt io n byhim i n his

,

”
n e w sp ap e r o f a so c all e d e xp o sure o f M as o n ry
- mus t h av e n e ce ssarily pre ce d e d his o w n
“

m e mb e rship of t h e S oci e t y .

Th e dis co v e ry by M r Cli fford P M ac Calla i n 1 8 8 4 o f an origi n al M as o n i c re c ord d at i n g

.
, , ,

fro m 1 7 3 1 h as t h ro w n m u c h ligh t o n t he e arly his t ory o f t h e C raft i n P e n n sylvani a

,
Th e .

b oo k i n qu e st i on is b ou n d in p archm e n t o r v e llum an d b e ars on t he fron t co ve r t he words ,

PH IL ADE LPH IA CI TY ,

ST J OH N S L ODGE LIBRE B
’
, .

The t i t le is l ab e lle d sugge st s a Lib e r A

wi t h w hi c h i t or e arli e r re cord o f t h e L o dg e
,
.
,
.

This h o we v e r has n o t ye t b e e n fo u n d an d i t w o uld b e idle t o sp e cu l at e up o n i t s co n t e n t s

, , ,
.

Lib e r B is t h e S e cre t ary s le dge r acco un t wi t h all t he m e mb e rs o f t he Lo dg e fro m Ju n e 2 4

.
’

1 7 3 1 t o Jun e 2 4 1 7 3 8
,
Alt o g e t h e r t h e n am e s are give n o f fi ft y m e mb e rs b e t w e e n 1 7 3 1
, .
,

an d 1 7 3 7 The i n it i at i on o r e n t ran ce fe e w as £ 3 u n t il 1 7 3 4 w h e n i t w as rais e d t o £ 5

.
, ,
.

Th e m o n t hly du e s (als o s t yl e d qu o t a an d o m i t ion w e re 6d pe r m e mb e r an d t h e re w as

“ “
.
,

a fi n e o f ls fo r abs e n ce . The l o dge m e t o n t h e fi rst M on d ay o f e ac h m on t h an d ( i n t he

.
,

o pi n i o n o f local an t iqu ari e s ) w as c on s t i t ut e d w i t h t hi rt e e n m e mb e rs

( ) at t h e clo s e o f 1 7 3 0 ,

o r t h e b e gi n n i n g o f 1 7 3 1 A m on g t h e n am e s— Ju n e 2 4 1 7 3 1 — we fi n d t h o s e o f Wm
.
,
“

But t on l at e M ask ; Wm Alle n E sq G ran d Mas t ” an d Willi am Prin gle De p u t y M ast

, .
,
.
, .
,
r

t h e l ast t w o b re t h re n b e i n g c on t i n u e d i n t h e ir re sp e ct ive o ffi ce s i n t he fo ll o wi n g ye ar as w e ,

sh all se e by an e x t ract fro m F ran kli n s n e wsp ap e r t o be p re s e n t ly qu o t e d The n am e o f o n e ’

.

Warde n is give n for t he y e ar 1 7 3 5 an d of b ot h for 1 7 3 6 1 7 3 7 an d 1 7 3 8 , Th e s e are id e n , , .

t ical w it h t h o s e o f t h e Gran d Ward e n s for t h e sam e y e ars an d i n e v e ry cas e t h e b re t hre n ,

n am e d as G r an d Offi ce rs i n t he p e ri o d co v e re d by Lib e r B w e re m e mb e rs o f t h e priv at e .

,

Lo dge I f i n d e e d an y li n g e rin g d o ub t re main e d as t o t he Lodge an d t h e Gra n d L odg e b e in g

.
, ,
‘

o n e an d t he s am e b o dy t his w o uld b e disp e ll e d by a pri n t e d n o t i c e o f Ju n e 1 6 1 7 3 7 sign e d

, , ,

by Th o mas H o pki n s on Gran d M as t e r an d his o ffi c e rs o n b e h alf o f all t h e m e mb e rs of

“
, , ,
’ ”
S t J ohn s L o dg e at Phil ad e lphi a 1 .

D r Th o m as C ad wallad e r wh o s e n am e is fi rs t giv e n un d e r t he y e ar 1 7 3 7 w as a ( G ran d)

, ,

Warde n i n 1 7 3 8 Of H e n ry B e ll t h e re is n o m e n t i on
. B e nj ami n F ran kli n is ch arge d .

Jun e 2 4 1 7 3 1 To re m ai n de r o f y o u r £ 3 e n t ran ce is £ 2
, an d had app are n t ly p aid t h e ,

1 E ar ly H ist . G L Pe n n syl ,
. . . p . 79 . Cf post ,
. p . 43 4 .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA
‘

su m of m o n t hs b e fore or s om e t im e d u ri n g t h at p e ri o d as h e is ch arge d wi t h fi v e
£ 1 , fi ve , ,

m o n t hs p re v io u s d u e s This w ill t e n d t o p ro v e t h at h e w as m ad e a M as on i n F e bru ary 1 7 3 1

. .

The l as t e n t ri e s i n t h e re c o rds or ac co u n t s w e re m ade by F ran klin an d an i n t e re s t i n g , ,

re p ort ,
d rawn u p— J u n e 5 1 7 3 2 — by a c o mmi t t e e o f t h e m e mb e rs is p ron ou n ce d o n g o o d
, ,

au t h o ri t y t o b e i n his h an d wri t i n g .

This re p ort is dis t i n ct fro m t h e L e dg e r b u t b o t h t h e s e an c i e n t d o cum e n t s fu lfil t h e l e gal ,

re qui re m e n t o f c o mi n g fro m t h e p ro p e r c us t o dy h avi n g b e e n i n h e ri t e d by M r G T ,

. .

I n gh am t og e t h e r w i t h o t h e r old w ri t i n gs an d p ap e rs fo rm e rly t h e p ro p e rt y o f D avid H all

, ,

1
for m a y y e ars F ran kli n s p art n e r i n t h e p ri t i g busi ss T wo o f t h e R e s o lut i on s
’ “
n n n n e .

ag re e d t o by F ran klin an d t h e o t h e r m e mb e rs o f t h e c o mmi t t e e are so qu ai n t ly e xp re ss e d , ,

an d wi t h al so adm i rabl e i n t h e i r t e n o r t h at I am i n d u ce d t o t ran s crib e t h e m ,

1 . Th at si n c e t h e e x c e ll e n t S c i e n ce o f G e o m e t ry an d A rchi t e ct u re is so m u ch
re c o mm e n d e d i n ou r an c i e n t C on s t i t u t i o n s M as on ry b e i n g firs t i n s t i t u t e d wi t h ,

t his D e sign am o n g o t h e rs t o dis t in guish t h e t ru e an d skilful A rch it e c t fro m

, ,

u n sk i lful P re t e n d e rs ; t o t al ig n o ran ce o f t his art is v e ry u n b e co mi n g a M an

w h o b e ars t h e w ort hy N am e an d Ch aract e r o f M A S ON

We t h e re fore c on clud e t h at i t is t h e D ut y o f e ve ry Me mb e r t o m ak e ,

hims e l f i n s o me M e asure ac qu ai n t e d t h e re w i t h as h e w o uld h on o u r t h e

, , ,

S oc i e t y h e b e l o n gs t o an d c on form t o t h e C o n s t it u t i o n s
, .

2 . Th at e v e ry M e mb e r m ay h ave an Opp ort u n i t y o f so d o i n g t he p re s e n t C ash t o ,

b e l aid o u t i n t h e b e s t B o oks o f A rchit e ct ure s ui t abl e Mat h e m at i cal I n st ru ,

m e n t s 850 ,
.

I t w ill b e m e mb e re d t h at by t h e t e rms o f his Pat e n t D an i e l C o x e w as t o h o ld o ffi ce

re , ,

u n t i l Jun e 2 4 1 7 3 2 w h e n a n e w G ran d M as t e r w as t o b e e l e c t e d an d t h e fo llo wi n g n o t ice

, , ,

w hi ch app e are d i n t h e P e n nsylvan i a Gaz e tt e o f Jun e 2 6 i n t h at y e ar h as b e e n re li e d up on , , ,

as p ro vi n g t o d e m on s t rat i on t h at a su cc e ss or t o C o x e w as d u ly c h o s e n i n s t ri ct acco rdan ce

w it h t he t e rms o f t he D e p u t at i on .

Phil d e lphi J 2 6 a a, un e .

S t u d y l s t b e i g S t J h s d y a G a d L d ge of t he a i e t
“
a r a a n d h bl e S i ty f F R E E
o n
’
a ,
r n o nc n an on ora oc e o

and A C CE P TE D M S ON S w h e ld at t he S T v i W t S t e t w h
A as ft a h an d me t t i un a e rn n a er r e ,
en, a er so en er a n

m ent t h W shi p f l W A ll
,
e or E q wa u im sly c h os G nd M t f t his P vi n f r t h ye ar
. en, s .
, s u n an ou en ra as er o ro ce o e

e i g wh w s pl se d t pp i t M Wi lli m P i gle De p t y M ast e r W d

n su n ,
o a ea o a h ose f t he s i g
o n r a r n u . ar e n s c n or en u n

ye ar w e re Thom as Bou d e an d Be njam i n F rank l

in.

Bu t as Alle n an d
Pri n gle w e re alre ady G ran d Mast e r an d D e pu t y re sp e ct iv e ly i n 1 7 3 1 , , ,

’
t his pie ce o f e vid e n ce will o n ly b e co m e c o n sis t e n t w i t h t h e supp o sit i o n t h at C o x e s m an t le
re ally fe ll o n A lle n by i n dulgi n g v e ry l arge ly i n co n j e c t u re
, I f t h e n a l o o s e re i n is give n .
, ,

t o t h e im agin at i on i t m ay b e p o ssibl e t o con ce ive t h at C o x e o b t ai n e d p e rmissi o n t o re sign

,

i n fav o u r o f A ll e n in 1 7 3 1 or t h at t h e e n t ri e s i n t h e l e dg e r o f S t J ohn s L o dg e we re n o t
’

m ade du ri n g t h e act ual y e ars u n d e r whi ch t h e y app e ar ?

1
Ke yst on e , S e te m p b er 5, 1 8 8 5 . Cf . an te , C hp
a . XI V .
, p . 195 .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

copy f t h R W G d M st s fi st D p t t i
o e .
d f t h i st m
. ran t by w hi h i t pp st b l g d
a er
’
r e u a on , an o e n ru en c a e ar o e e n ar e as

ab v m t i d w i t ss d by y
o e en W d s d si g d by t h e S e t y f w hi h f v s t his L dg
on e ,
ne e ou r ar e n ,
an ne cre ar or c a or o e

d b t t f b i g bl t o b h v so
ou no o t t be t h
e n gh t g t f l
a e e a e as n o o ou un ra e u .

W R igh t W ship f l G a d M s t e d M s t W t hy B t h Y u r A fi t i o at e B t h d
'

e are , or u r n a r an o or re re n o ec n re re n an
,

o bli g d h u m b l S t e e e rv s .
,

S i g d t t h e re q st o f t h L d g ne a ue e o e,

B F R A N KLI N , C M
. . .

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le t t e rs i t m ay b e i n fe rre d t h at a rum o ur o f Pri c e havi n g re ce iv e d an e x t e n si o n

F ro m t h e s e
o f au t h o ri t y had re ac h e d Phil ad e lphi a als o t h at a t t he t i m e of t he i r be i n g w ri tt en t h e Mas o ni c , ,

b o dy o ve r w hi c h F ran k li n p re side d had n o t re ce iv e d a w arran t fro m e i t h e r C o x e o r Pri ce , ,

sin ce i n e ac h o f t h e se c as e s t h e s an ct ion o f s o m e au t h ori t y d e riv e d fro m h om e w o uld n o t

h av e b e e n re quire d I t w ill b e o bs e rv e d m ore ov e r t h at a c on fi rm at i on o f p riv ile g e s alre ady
.
, ,

e xis t i n g is al l t h at is s o li c it e d S o me an al o gy b e t we e n t he M as o n i c an d t h e p oli t ic al d e p e n
.

d e n ce o f a c ol on y up on t h e m ot h e r co u n t ry w as d o u b t l e ss pre se n t t o F ran klin s m in d Bu t ’

.

t h at h e con sid e re d his o w n p o sit ion as b e in g o n e w hi t i n fe ri o r t o t h at o f P ri ce u n d e r t he ,

l at t e r s fi rst d e pu t at i on is n e gat iv e d by t he s t ipul at ion p ro vidi n g for t h e Gran d M as t e r o f

’
,
“

P e n n sylv an i a on ly yi e ldi n g his ch air wh e n t he G ran d M ast e r o f A ll A m e ri ca [ sh o uld] b e i n

place .

A ccordi n g t o a l o n g s e ri e s o f au t h ori t i e s a L o dge w as w arran t e d at Phil ad e lphi a by ,

H e n ry Pri ce i n 1 7 34 ; b u t t his e x e rcis e o f j urisdi ct ion if i t t ook pl ace at all can n o t h ave ,
.

o ccu rre d u n t il aft e r t h e t w o l e t t e rs o f N o v e mb e r 2 8 i n t h at ye ar w e re w ri t t e n This p o in t .

,

h o we v e r w e sh all appro ach lat e r an d I p ass t o a c u rio us e n t ry i n t h e P ocke t Comp an i o n f or

, ,

F re e M ason s prin t e d at D ubli n i n 1 7 3 5

-
, A t t h e e n d o f t he b ook a lis t is giv e n of t h e .

w arran t e d Lo dg e s i n I re l an d G re at B rit ai n e t c The I rish L o dg e s h e ad t he ro ll an d abs orb

, , .
,

t hirt y s e v e n n u m be rs t h e fi r s t E n glis h Lo dge b e in g t h e re fo re sh o w n as N o 3 8

-
, A t t he 1 1 6t h . .

place on t his co mp o un d list or i f w e d e du ct t h e 3 7 I rish Lo dge s at t h e N o 7 9 t h e re app e ars :

, , , .
,

Th e H o o p i n Wat e r S t re e t i n Phil ad e lphi a lst Mon day The w o rk qu o t e d fro m is a ,

.
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

re p ri n t o f a Lo n d on publi cat i on o f t he sam e n am e an d d at e ; an d e x ce p t w i t h re g ard t o o n e

p art i cular t h e lis t o f E n glish L o dge s giv e n i n t h e l at t e r h as b e e n re pro du ce d w i t h s cru pu l o us
,

fid e li t y i n t he fo rm e r The P ocke t Comp an i on Lon do n sh o w s a v ac an t n i ch e at t he N o 7 9

.
, , .
,

w hi ch as w e h av e s e e n is fille d i n i t s D u bli n n am e s ak e by a L o dg e at Wat e r S t re e t Phi la

, , , , ,

d e lphi a m e e t i n g o n t he fi rst M on d ay i n t h e m o n t h
,
.

The judi ci al o ffi ce t o w hi c h D an i e l C o x e w as app o i n t e d i n 1 7 3 4 t o ge t h e r w it h his d e at h ,

i n 1 7 3 9 h av e alre ady b e e n re cord e d D uri n g t he p e ri o d c o v e re d by t h e s e y e ars t he E arli e s t

“
.
, ,

Gran d M as t e r i n A m e ri ca re sid e d w i t hi n t we n t y mile s o f Phil ad e lphi a N e i t h e r t h e l e t t e rs .

w rit t e n by F ran kli n i n 1 7 3 4 h o we ve r n or his o bi t u ary n o t i ce o f C o x e i n t h e P e n n sylvan i a

, ,

Gaz e t t e b e t ray t he sligh t e s t k n o w l e dge by t h e form e r o f t he l at t e r b e i n g e ve n a m e mb e r o f t he

, ,

S o ci e t y This sil e n c e w i t h re gard t o t h e gran t o f a d e pu t at io n t o C o x e i t is n o w imp o ssibl e

.

t o e xpl ai n Y e t i f w e pu t o n o n e sid e t h e le t t e rs o f 1 7 3 4 an d t h e n e w sp ap e r e n t ry o f 1 7 3 9
. , ,

t h e re m ain i n g e vid e n ce affords g o o d re as o n fo r supp o si n g t h at F ran klin was aw are o f C o x e s

’

app o i n t m e n t i n t h e fo rm e r y e ar an d s t ill s t ro n g e r gr o u n d for b e li e vi n g t h at i t c ould n o t

,

h ave b e e n abs e n t fro m his k n o w l e dg e i n t h e l at t e r .

The p roce e di n gs o f t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d w e re c i rc ulat e d far an d w id e —by t he

n e w sp ap e rs an d i n p rivat e l e t t e rs as w e ll as by oral commu n i cat i on , Bu t p assin g o ve r t he .
,

e arli e r d at e t h e re is s carce ly an y roo m for d o ub t t h at i n 1 7 3 9 F ran kli n mu s t h av e re ad— o r

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at t he v e ry l e as t h av e h ad his att e n t i o n c all e d t o — t h e p o si t iv e s t at e m e n t i n t he C o n s t i t ut i o n s

,

o f 1 7 3 8 t hat C o x e w as app o in t e d a P ro vi n ci al G ran d M as t e r duri n g t h e admi n is t rat i o n o f t h e

,

D uk e o f N o rfo lk ?
Why t h e n i t m ay be ask e d i f t he gran t of a p at e n t t o C o x e m ay b e re ason ably assume d
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t o h ave c o m e t o t h e k n o wl e dg e o f F ran kli n d o we m e e t w i t h n o allusi on t o t h e fact i n t he

,

n e wsp ap e r o f t h e l at t e r ? To w ards t he s o lu t io n o f t his p ro bl e m I sh all m e re ly o ffe r a co nj e e

t u re . I f D an i e l C o x e n e v e r e x e rc is e d t he aut h orit y co n fe rre d up o n him by his d e put at i o n ,

or i n m o re h o m e ly l an gu ag e w i t hd re w fro m M as o n ry o n his re t u rn t o A m e ri c a t his w o u ld

, , ,

affo rd s o m e gro u n d for supp o si n g t h at hi s b re t h re n o f t h e C raft e n t e rt ai n e d a v e ry n at ural

disi n clin at ion t o cl aim as a m e mb e r o f t h e S oci e t y o n e w h o so t o sp e ak had pl ai n ly b u t , ,

u n mis t ak ably t u rn e d his b ack up on i t I m ay als o ad d w it h sp e cial re fe re n ce t o t he o bit u ary

.
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n o t i ce o f 1 7 3 9 t h at as far as w e can n ow dis ce rn b e t w e e n t he y e ars 1 7 3 7 an d 1 7 4 9 M as on ry

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i n P e n n sylv an i a w as u n d e r a c l ou d an d co urt e d n o t t h e li gh t ,
.

W e m ay h o we ve r assum e wi t h so m e c on fi d e n ce — an d on t hi s p o in t t he F ran klin le tt e rs

, ,

o f 1 7 3 4 s e e m t o m e c on c lusiv e — t h at t h e b re t h re n at Phil ad e lphi a w o uld n o t h av e appli e d t o

H e n ry P ri ce for a d e put at i o n o r ch art e r confirm i n g t h e ir privil e ge s o f h o ldin g a G ran d L o dge

,

an n u ally an d re gul at i n g t h e i r o w n affai rs i f t h e y h ad re ce iv e d at an y p re vi o us d at e

“
,
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au t h ori t y fro m h o m e u n d e r t he h an d o f D an i e l C o x e
,
.

F ran kli n w as su cce e d e d as G ran d M as t e r by J am e s H amil t on who i n t urn gav e place t o ,

Th o m as H opki n s o n t he l at t e r b e i ng at t h e t im e o f his e l e ct i on t he A dmiral t y Judge i n t he

, , ,

p ro vin ce an d t h e fo rm e r subs e qu e n t ly b e co mi n g t h e fi rs t n at iv e Go v e rn or o f P e nn sylvan ia

, .

E ac h y e ar t h e re w as a n e w o c c up an t o f t h e c h air w hi ch i n 1 7 3 7 w as fill e d by William Plum ,

st e d a m e mb e r o f t h e C omm on C o u n cil wh o s e t e n ure o f o ffi ce was p re ce d e d by a lam e n t able

, ,

e v e n t t h at w as frau gh t w i t h mu c h e vil t o t h e S oc i e t y
, On Jun e 1 3 1 7 3 7 an appre n t i ce .
, ,

t o an ap o t h e cary at Philad e lphi a sust ain e d su ch i nj urie s fro m his m as t e r an d t w o O t h e rs ,

w hils t re ce ivi n g at t h e ir h an ds w h at he b e lie v e d t o b e a Mas on ic d e gre e t h at d e at h was t he ,

 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

re sult 1 This i n cid e n t as migh t b e e xp e ct e d w as t u rn e d t o t h e dis advan t ag e of t h e F rat e rn i t y

.
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by t h e an t i Mas on s o f t h at p e ri o d ; an d t h e Wee kly M e rcu ry— a ri val sh e e t t o t h e P e n n sylvan i a

-

Gaz e tt e — fals e ly acc us e d F ran kli n o f con n ivi n g at t h e t ran s act i on The p art i e s c o n c e rn e d i n
'

t h is t ragi cal o cc urre n ce w e re n o t Mas o n s ; an d t he G ran d Offi ce rs i n a publi c n o t i ce (d at e d ,

Ju n e t o w hi c h I h a v e al re ady i n p art all u d e d 2 e xp re ss e d aft e r re ci t i n g t h e fact s o f t h e , ,

o u t rage i n B e hal f o f all t h e M e mb e rs o f S t J ohn s L o dg e at P hilad a t he A bh o rre n c e o f all

“ ’ ’

, , ,

t ru e B re t h re n t o su c h Pract i ce s i n g e n e ral an d t h e ir I n n o c e n c e o f t his F act i n p art ic u l ar

.

,
.

N e v e rt h e l e ss t he gro w t h o f M as on ry i n t h e p ro vin ce w as arre s t e d an d i t s pro gre ss re t ard e d

, , ,

by t he c at as t ro ph e Gran d Offi c e rs w e re app are n t ly ch o s e n i n 1 7 3 8 an d 1 7 4 1 ; b u t aft e r t h e

.

l at t e r y e ar t he fou n t b e co m e s d ri e d up w h e n ce p art i culars o f t he an n u al e l e ct i on s h ave

hit h e rt o b e e n d e riv e d so w e can o n ly co n clud e fro m t he sil e n ce o f F ran k lin s n e w sp ap e r w it h
, ,
’

’
re gard t o S t J o h n s L o dg e t h at i t v e g e t at e d i n o bs c u ri t y u n t il 1 7 4 9
, .

I n t he y e ar l as t n am e d— J u ly 1 0— F ran klin w as app o i n t e d P ro vi n c i al G ran d M ast e r by

-

Thom as Ox n ard w h o s e j u risdic t i on e xt e n d e d o ve r t h e w h o l e o f N ort h A m e ri ca— fro m w hic h

,

i t s e e ms t o fo ll o w as a l o gi cal d e du ct i o n t h at h e e v e n t u ally o b t ai n e d i n 1 7 4 9 w h at h e h ad
, ,

v ai n ly appli e d for i n 1 7 3 4 .

A t t h e firs t G ran d L o d ge h e ld u n d e r t his d e pu t at i on — S e p t e mb e r 5 1 7 4 9 — F ran kli n ,

app o i n t e d his G ran d Offi c e rs an d at t he s am e m e e t i n g a w arran t w as g ran t e d t o J am e s

“
,

P ogre e n an d o t h e rs t o h o ld a L o dg e i n Phil ad e lphi a S o far D r M e as e 3 w h o s e sk e t ch o f t h e .

,

S ocie t y o f M as on s is giv e n i n fu ll i n t h e offi ci al his t ory of t h e Gran d L o dg e o f

Pe n n sylv an i a 4 an d t h e l at t e r i n forms us (on a l at e r p age ) t h at t h e c h art e r i n qu e st i on w as
,

’
g ran t e d t o S t J o h n s L o dge o f w hi ch h ow e v e r t h e first M ast e r is s t at e d t o h av e b e e n
“
, , ,

J am e s P ogre w The sam e n am e app are n t ly t h o ugh agai n w e m e e t w i t h a sligh t variat ion o f
.
,

sp e lli n g o cc u rs i n an origin al d oc um e n t sh o w i n g t he d e bt s d u e for qu art e rage by m e mb e rs o f

,

t he
“
F irs t L o dg e i n Ju n e 1 7 52 I n t his t h e n am e o f Jas P o lyre e n is give n his liabili t ie s
. .
,

5
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.

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bo dy o ve r whi ch A ll e n p re side d i n 1 7 3 1 an d i f su ch w as t he cas e F ran kli n himse l f i n b ot h , , ,

i n st an ce s G ran d Lo dge an d L odg e s e rv e d as t he con dui t pipe t h ro ugh whi ch his an xio usly
, ,

s o ugh t aut h ori t y fro m h o m e w as d e riv e d

“
.

M e e t in gs o f t h e Pro v G ran d L o dg e w e re re gul arly h e ld u n t il Marc h 1 3 1 7 50 w h e n

.
, ,

William A ll e n R e corde r o f Phil ade lp hi a p re s e n t e d a p at e n t sign e d by Lord Byron G M o f

, , , . .

E n gl an d app o i nt in g him P ro vi n ci al G ran d Mas t e r whi ch w as duly re cogni s e d an d h e t h e n

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n o min at e d B e n j ami n F ran kli n as his D e put y .

The firs t M as o n i c H all i n A m e rica w as e re ct e d at Phil ad e lphi a i n 1 7 54 an d i n t h e ,

fo ll o win g ye ar— t h e s am e Gran d an d D e pu t y G ran d Mast e rs h o ldin g o ffi ce as i n 1 7 50—w e

fi n d t h at t h re e sub ordi n at e Lo d g e s w e re re pre s e n t e d at t he F e ast o f S t J o h n t h e B ap t ist In .

t he o ffi c ial publi cat i on 6 up on whi ch I am m ain ly re lyi n g at t his p art o f t he n arrat ive i t is ,

1J 1 6 1 73 7
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a ssum e d t h at t wo o f t h e s e w e re t he F i rs t an d S e co n d S t J o h n s L o dge s o r i n o t h e r w ord s “

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t he u n ch art e re d an d t h e ch art e re d b o di e s o f 1 7 3 1 an d 1 7 4 9 re sp e ct iv e ly Bu t t h e e v id e n ce .

w i t h whi c h w e are p re s e n t e d by n o m e an s j u s t ifi e s t his c on cl u si o n n or can w e be q u it e ,

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I n 1 7 58 P e n n sylv an i a w as i n v ad e d by t h e A n c i e n t s o r S chism at i cs an d fro m t h at t im e

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p ri n t e d n o t i ce o f an y o f t h e m o c cu rre d i n 1 7 60 an d i n t h e s am e y e ar— N o v e mb e r 1 7 ,

F ra n kli n was p re s e n t at a m e e t in g o f t h e Gran d L o dge o f E n gl an d i n t h e mi n ut e s o f w hi c h ,

b o dy he is d e s crib e d as Pro v G M o f Phil ad e lphi a a t it le t h at m ay sugge s t t he “

. . .
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p ossibili t y o f his h avi n g b e e n e l e c t e d t o t he o ffi c e pre vi o usly h e ld by A lle n

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w as h an d e d o v e r t o t he c ivi c au t h orit i e s t o aid i n formi n g a fu n d for supplyin g t he p oo r

i n h abi t an t s w i t h fu e l i n t h e w i n t e r s e as on .

A t t his p o i n t an d b e fo re p roce e di n g w it h a m e m o ir o f H e n ry Pri ce an d a re vi e w

, ,

o f t h e e vid e n ce w hi ch is c l o s e ly ass o ci at e d wi t h his n am e i t w ill b e c on v e n i e n t i f w e ,

p ause t o e x ami n e a li t t l e i n d e t ail s o m e o f t he l e adi n g fe at ure s o f t he e arly Mas on ry o f

P e n n sylv an i a .

I n t he firs t pl ace t h e d o c um e n t ary e vid e n ce sh o win g t h e e xis t e n ce o f a Lo dg e re ach e s b ac k

,

t o 1 7 3 1 an d as w e t h e n o nly co mm e n ce wit h
,
Lib e r B t h e act u al d at e at w hi ch t h e “
.
,

bre t hre n w ho are n am e d i n i t (or t h o s e t h e y m ay h av e su cce e d e d) asso c i at e d t oge t h e r as a

b o dy must re m ain a pure m at t e r o f co nj e c t u re
,
Lib e r A if pro du ce d migh t i n d e e d b rin g . .
, ,

u s w i t hin m e asu rabl e di s t an c e o f t his p e ri o d b u t o n t he o t h e r h an d i t is e qu ally p o ssibl e ,

n ot t o say p ro b abl e — t h at i t w o uld p o i n t t o an u n i n t e rru p t e d su cce ssi o n o f Phil ad e lphi an

’
M ason s m e e t i n g at S t Jo hn s Lo dge t o u se a famili ar e xpre ssion fro m t im e imme mo ri al , ,
“
,

w hi ch as w e all k n o w signi fi e s i n M as o n i c ph ras e an e ra m o re o r l e ss re mo t e fro m

, , ,

t h e e xis t e n ce o f act u al re cords b u t at all e ve n t s g o in g b e y o n d o r as i t w e re b e hi n d , , ,

t he m .

Bu t wi t h ou t g o in g b ack an y furt h e r t h an t he y e ar 1 7 3 1 w e sh all d o w e ll t o re fle ct t h at ,

1 s b di t G d Ofii
‘

All t he pp i t d by F kli u S pt m b
or 5 1 7 49 b l g d t t h F i s t
na e ran St ce rs a o n e ran n on e e er , , e on e o e r or

J h s L dg whi h b dy (it is s id ) i
o n
’
o t wi t h t h G
e ,
d L dg t d t h h ll i 1 7 54
c o B t I st gly s sp t
a n c on ce r e ran o e e re c e e a n . u ron u ec

t h t t h s bs ib s w
a ll m m b s f t h L dg
e u crTh f t m erv th t th
e re a L dg s t ib t d t t h
e er o e o e . e ac , o re o e r, a no o er o e co n r u e o e

e xp s s ff ds t g g m t g i st t h p ssibili t y f t h b i g y s h i xis t
en e , a or a s ro n t t h t t im
ar u en a an e o o e re e n an uc n e e n ce a a e.

C h p XX V p 1 56 a . N f th m h w v.
, bt i d f t i g i t ll
. .
3 one o e , o e e r, o a ne a oo n on s ro .

VOL . 1 1]
 F R E E /MA S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

t he s o v e re ign t y o f G ran d Lo dge s w as t h e n o n ly o n i t s t ri al S u ch b odi e s h ad b e e n form e d i t .

,

is t ru e at L on do n Y ork an d D ubli n t h o ugh w e sh o u ld b e c are ful t o re m e mb e r t h at t he l at t e r

, , , ,

t o wn s w e re as mu ch u n d e r E ng li sh g o v e rn m e n t as Phil ade lphi a Bu t i n S co t l an d —t h e m o s t .

an ci e n t h o m e o f M as o n i c p re ce d e n t — t h e re w e re as ye t n o c h art e re d L o dg e s an d ass e mbl i e s of ,

b re t h re n form e d as i n Phil ad e lphi a w e re t he o n ly M as on i c ass oci at i on s e xist i n g i n t h at

, ,

c o u n t ry . B re t h re n u n i t e d t o form Lo dg e s i n n e ighb ou rh o o ds w h e re t h e re w e re fair ch an ce s o f

t h e ir co n t i n u an c e an d su ch ass e mbli e s t h o ugh w it h o u t an y o t h e r s an ct i o n w e re n ot s t yl e d
, , ,

i rre gul ar w h e n t he G ran d L o dge o f S co t lan d w as e re ct e d i n 1 7 3 6 t he old Lo dg e s w h e t h e r , ,

o ffsh o o t s o f M o t h e r Kilwi n n i n g o f ot h e r an ci e n t co u rt s o f Op e rat iv e M as on ry o r simply

“
, ,

t h e re sul t s o f l ocal co mbi n at i o n s u n i t in g t o form t h at o rg an is at i o n w hi ch h as h appily c on

,

t i n n e d t o t his d ay .

I t is e vid e n t t h at b re t hre n who had l e ft t h e old Wo rld an d b ro ugh t t o t h e ir n e w h o m e s a ,

k n ow le dg e o f t h e C raft w e re as mu ch w it hi n t h e ir righ t s i n h o ldin g L o dge s i n Philad e lphi a

, ,

Port sm o u t h (N e w H ampshi re ) an d e ls e wh e re i n A m e ri ca as t h o s e w h o ass e mble d i n lik e

, ,

m an n e r i n E n glan d an d S c ot l an d ; an d j us t as i n t h e l at t e r co u n t ri e s t he m e mb e rs o f su c h
Lo dge s w e re acce p t e d as p e t i t i on e rs for w ri t t e n C o n st it ut i on s w i t h ou t t h e ir l e gal s t at us as
Mason s b e in g d e mu rre d t o so we sh all fi nd t h at t h e B o st on au t h orit i e s rais e d n o obj e ct ion
,

t o t he M as o n i c re gu l arit y o f t h e P ort sm ou t h b re t h re n bu t gran t e d t h e ir re qu e s t for a ,

w arran t i n 1 7 3 6 We h av e alre ady s e e n t h at i n 1 7 3 4 t he P rov G M o f N e w E n gl an d w as

. . . .

re qu e s t e d t o confi rm D r F ran kli n an d o t h e rs i n t h e i r p rivil e ge s i n P e n n sylv an i a— t hus c om

ple t i n g t he p arall e l .

I n t h o s e e arly d ays a pi e ce o f p ap e r or p archm e n t con t ai n i n g a w rit t e n o r p ri n t e d ,

aut h o ri t y for ce rt ai n b re t h re n an d t h e i r su cce ss ors t o m e e t as a L o dg e w as n o t h e ld i n t he ,

sup e rst i t i ou s re v e re n ce w i t h whi c h i t aft e rwards b e cam e re gard e d 1 The o ld c ust oms w e re .

gradually b e in g suppl an t e d by t he n e w bu t t h e form e r e vi n c e d gre at t e n acit y o f e xist e n ce i n ,

s o m e i n st an ce s e sp e ci ally i n t he B rit ish co l on i e s w h e re t h e y app e ar t o h av e re m ai n e d for t he

, ,

lon ge st p e rio d o f t im e u n m o difi e d The m o d e rn d oct rin e w it h re sp e ct t o t h e form at i on o f .

G ran d L o dge s i t is n ot my purp o s e t o e x ami n e at an y le n gt h E v e ry c as e sh o uld I t hi n k .

, ,

b e j udge d o n i t s o w n m e ri t s an d t h e h ard an d fas t rul e l aid do w n t h at t h re e L o dge s

,

mu s t b e re pre s e n t e d o n su c h an o ccasion 2 s e e ms t o m e as i n co n v e ni e n t i n p ract i ce

as i t c e rt ai n ly is d e fi c i e n t i n au t h ori t y Bu t e v e n i f t h e rul e i n qu e s t i on w e re n ow re garde d .

as s o u n d M as on i c law t h ro ugh o u t t h e u n iv e rs e w e co uld h ardly by an y fe at o f etc p ost , ,

fa ct o l e gisl at i on so s t rain i t s appli cat i on as t o e mb race t h e p roce e di n gs o f t h e b re t hre n at

,

Philad e lphi a i n 1 7 3 1 The F rat e rn it y t h e re m us t b e h e ld t o h av e b e e n as muc h an d

.

as l e gally a G ran d L o dg e as t h at o f A ll E n glan d at Y o rk Th e ir m e e t i n gs fo r all we “

.
,

k n ow t o t h e con t rary m ay h av e b e e n h e ld b e fore t he e ra o f Gran d Lo dg e s an d t h e y

, ,

1 Lat e r i n y b t h i E gl d d A m i ( d t h p t i w
t he ce n t u r , t k w i F
o n ) t h xistn an an e r ca an e rac ce as n o un no n n ran ce ,
e e e n ce

as w e ll
th asg l it y f L dg w d m d t b b d p wi t h i t C h t
e re u ar o Th s t h s
a ssi f m m b s
o e as ee e o e oun u s ar e r. u e u cce on o e er

m igh t m t
co d b t ft
e y i t v l
o an e n m tt f wh t d
, ti
u th iss a f th ld w
e r an t t n er a , no a er o a u ra on , e ue o e o arran o an

en t i ly
re w t f b th
ne w se vi w do i st t m t
re viv l f t h igi l L dg Th bs d i t y f t his
re n , as e e as a re n a e en or re a o e or na o e. e a ur o

cu st m is s l f vid t d i t f i ss b m s pp t wh w fl t t h t d t h G L f E gl d t h
o e -e en , an s u n a rn e e co e a are n , en e re ec a un er e . . o n an e

on ly L dg s t h t w ld
o e ss ily b m xt i t t h d t h disp si f t h i m m b s w t h m m bl
a ou n e ce ar e co e e nc on e ea or er on o e r e er , e re e e ora e

F by wh s t t h t b dy m i t xist
ou r o e ac Cf Ch p X V II p 3 40
a o ca e n o e e n ce
'
. a . .
, . .

9
M k y p 32 0
ac e ,
. .
 F R E E /JI A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

Gran d M as t e rs gi v e n i n t h e C o n s t i t u t i o n s o f 1 7 3 8 1 7 56 an d 1 7 67 I t is sh o wn i n d e e d i n , , .
, ,

t h e E n grav e d Lis t for 1 7 7 0 as P ro v G M o f N ort h A m e ri ca— an app o i n t m e n t t h e n act u ally . . .

h e ld by J o h n R o w e w h o s e n am e n e v e r app e ars at all i n t h e E n glish C al e n d ars t h o ugh t h at

, ,

o f P ri c e h av i n g o n ce g ai n e d a fo ot i n g w as c o n t i n u e d an n u ally u n t il 1 8 04 — t we n t y fo u r y e ars
, ,
-

aft e r his d e ce as e

The t an gle d w e b o f Mas on i c his t o ry i n M ass achus e t t s is n o t t o b e e asily u n rav e ll e d b u t

as e v e ry w ri t e r m a h o p t p fi t by t h l b u rs o f t h o s e who h av e p re c e d e d him — t o s o m e
y e o ro e a o

e x t e n t at l e as t — I sh all in dulg e i n t his co n s ol at ory re fl e ct i on whil e e n g ag e d i n t h e e x ami n a

,

t i o n o f a subj e c t whi ch h as b e e n so l arg e ly c an v ass e d i n t h e j o urn als o f t h e C raft l .

A cco rdi n g t o t h e s t re am o f M as o n i c writ e rs a Pro vi n ci al G ran d L odge an d als o a p riv at e , ,

Lo dg e w e re e st ablish e d at B o st on by H e n ry Pric e i n 1 7 33
, I t is imp ort an t h ow e v e r t o .
, ,

re co g n is e at t h e o u t s e t o f ou r i n u i ry t h e v e ry p re c ari o us fou n d at i on o f au t h ori t y o n whi ch

, q ,

t he e arly Mas on i c his t o ry o f M ass achus e t t s re p o s e s The ac t u al re c ords o f t he P ro vin ci al .

G ran d Lo d g e — by w hi ch I m e an a con t e mp o ran e o us acco un t of i t s pro ce e din gs —d at e fro m

1 7 51 Th e re are als o
. w h at app e ar t o b e t ran s crip t s o f b ri e f m e m oran da d e s cribi n g t h e
imp ort an t i n c id e n t s i n t h e hist ory o f t h at b o dy b e t we e n 1 7 3 3 an d 1 7 50 ; or t h e y m ay h ave
b e e n m ad e u p fro m t he re coll e ct io n of b re t h re n wh o h ad b e e n act iv e am on g t h e C raft durin g
t h e s e s e ve n t e e n y e ars .

F ro m t h e d o cum e n t s o f t h e l at t e r c l ass w e l e arn t h at o n July 3 0 1 7 3 3 (Old S t yle ) H e n ry , ,

P ri c e gat h e re d ro u n d him t e n b re t h re n an d op e n e d t h e P ro vi n ci al Gran d L odge E igh t , .

p e rs on s w e re t h e n m ade M as on s an d t he w h ole e igh t e e n b re t h re n j o i n e d in a p e t i t i on aski n g

, ,

t h at t h e y migh t b e form e d i n t o a con s t i t u t e d an d re gul ar L od ge whi ch p ray e r was gran t e d o n ,

t h e s am e d ay .

A c o py is give n o f t h e d e put at i o n gran t e d t o Pri ce by L ord Mon t agu e b u t t h e o rigi n al ,

p e t i t i on sign e d by t h e e igh t e e n an d add re ss e d t o t he form e r has b e e n pre se rv e d Of t he lat t e r .

Ch arle s P e lh am m ad e a t ran s cript whi ch — aft e r a c l o s e c omp aris o n — M r J aco b N o rt o n s ays

,

co n t ain s m an y id e as t h at are n o t i n t h e o ri gi n al ; an d adds : I f h e t oo k lib e rt i e s w it h o n e “

”
d ocum e n t h e m ay h av e d on e so w i t h t h e o t h e rs 3 Thi s re m ark is in co n t rov e rt ibl e bu t e v e n
, .
,

a sulli e d s t re am is a bl e ssi n g co mp are d t o a t o t al d ro ugh t an d i n t h e p re s e n t c as e I d o n o t ,

t hi n k mu ch b e n e fi t w ill aris e fro m t o o m i n u t e a v e rb al cri t icism o f t h e e vid e n ce E ve n i f t h e .

t e x t of t he missi n g d e put at ion had b e e n supplie d by P e lham fro m c on j e ct ure t his w o uld n ot ,

i n v alidat e t h e fact —if such i t b e —t h at Pri ce w as at on e t im e t h e l awful o wn e r of an

E n glish p at e n t N o t i n d e e d t h at t h e re is re as on for supp o sin g an y su c h t hi n g F or my o wn
.
, , .

p art I alt o ge t h e r fail t o t race t h e c lumsy h an d of t h e forge r i n t h e alle g e d t ran s crip t ; an d

,

u n le ss w e bid H e n ry Pri ce st an d asid e as a wit n e ss w h o lly u n wort hy o f cre di t t he t e x t of t h e ,

d e put at ion act u ally gran t e d i n 1 7 3 3 co m e s d o wn t o us duly at t e st e d by t he origin al h old e r .

1 F re e ma s o n , vo l . iii .
, 1 8 7 0, pp . 68 , 3 58 ; vol v . .
, 18 72 , pp . 48 3 , 49 5 ; M a s i
on c Ma g zi
a n e , vol. i .
, 1 8 7 3 -7 4, p . 32 2 ;
vo l . 1 8 7 4 -7 5, pp
s s Ch i l N 1 0 1 8 7 7 ; N 6 1 3 d 2 0 D 1 8 d 2 5 1 8 8 0
. 2 7 5, 3 04 ; F re e m a on
’
ron c e , ov . , ov. , , an e c. an ,

Jan .1 d 2 9 18 8 1 M
an h 1 1 8 8 4 ; K yst
, J ly 3 1 8 8 0 ; t tarc , e on e , u , e c .
, e c.

M S2
D Ni k s
r G S i P
e re n o G L M s
. 1 8 8 3 p 1 57
c M J
e r on , b N t s t t s I 1 751 Ch l s
. .
, n roc . . . a s , , . . r aco o r on a e :
“
n , ar e

P lh m w pp i t d G S b t i st d f b gi i g hi
e a as a o n e d wi t h J 1 7 51 h t h gh t b st t m f t fi s t
. . u n ea o e nn n s re cor une , e ou e o an u ac u re r

d f m 1 7 3 3 Th t p t f t h
a re cor ro d is t h f
. li bl b t y t t i f t s t h i
a ar o b t d by
e re cor e re ore u n re a e u e ce r a n ac e re n are corro ora e

origi l M S S f t h t p i d d s m st t m t s w m y t k f g t d Th L dg
na . o a er o , an d w ll t h t f t h
o e a e en e a a e or ran e . e o e re cor , as e as a o e

M st M s s L dg w ls t h h di w k f B P lh m ( F m s s Ch i l N 1 0
' ’
a er a on o e, e re a o e an or o ro . e a re e a on ron c e , o v. ,

R vi w f G d M st G d s A dd ss H y P i ( F m s 18 72 p
'
3 l
e e o ran a er ar n e r re on enr r ce re e a on , vo . v .
, , .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

This do c um e n t b e ars d at e A pril 3 0 1 7 33 an d t h e t e x t lik e t h at o f t he C o x e d e pu t at i on o f , , , ,

w hi ch i t is alm o s t a co u n t e rp art is w i t h o u t an y allusi o n t o fe e s b u t t h e re is n o p rovis o fo r

,

t h e e l e ct i on o f a su cce ss o r an d t he P ro v G M w as e mp o w e re d t o con s t i t u t e L o dg e s w i t h o u t
,
. . .

t h e c on curre n c e o f his D e p u t y an d G ran d Ward e n s .

’
Pri ce s m e m ory h as su ffe re d m ore at t h e h an ds o f p an e gyris t s t h an c alum n i at ors bu t I
sh all e n d e av o ur t o st e e r e qu ally cle ar o f t he sp e c i al pl e adi n g of t h e o n e or t he his t ori cal “
,
“

pyrrh on ism o f t h e o t h e r .

The F i rs t L o dg e i n B o st on or H o ly L o dge o f S t J o h n w as re ally con s t it ut e d A u gus t

“
, ,

3 1 1 733
, This is pl ace d b e y o n d dispu t e by t w o l e t t e rs o f 1 7 3 6 i n w hic h bre t h re n are re com
.
,

m e n d e d (by t h at b o dy) t o t he fav o u rabl e n ot i ce o f t he G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d an d o f L o dge

Glasgow Kilwi n n i n g re sp e ct iv e ly The s e are s e ve rally d at e d Ju n e 2 3 an d S e p t e mb e r 1 . .

B ot h d ocum e n t s are sign e d by Pri c e (as G M ) an d his D e p u t y an d t he lat e r o n e by t he . .

,

M ast e r (R o b e rt To mli n son ) an d o fii ce rs o f t h e L o dg e E ach l e t t e r re c i t e s t h at t he Lo d g e was .

c on s t it u t e d A ugus t 3 1 1 7 3 3 by H e n ry P ri ce P ro vin c i al G ran d M as t e r C opie s o f b ot h are

1
.
, , ,

am on g t h e B o s t on re cords ; b u t t h e l e t t e r o f S e p t e mb e r 1 1 7 3 6 h as als o b e e n t ran s crib e d , ,

i n t o t he mi n u t e s of L o dg e Glasgo w Kil wi n n i n g of N ov e mb e r 2 i n t he s am e y e ar from whi ch ,

a c e rt ifi e d e xt rac t h as b e e n publish e d by Ly on 2 .

’
I n 1 7 3 4 as w e h av e al re ady s e e n a rum o u r w as afl oat t h at P ri ce s d e pu t at i on an d p o w e r
, ,

’
h ad b e e n e xt e n d e d o v e r all A m e ri ca F ro m F ran klin s l e t t e r of N o v e mb e r 2 8 i n t h at y e ar .
,

’
w e m ay I t hi n k i n fe r t h at t he b e li e f i n Pri ce s e arli e r p at e n t was at l e ast a p re val e n t o n e ;
, ,

while t he subs e qu e n t act ion o f t h e G M o f P e n n sylv an i a g o e s far t o p ro v e t h at t h e a lleg e d . .

l at e r co mmission e mp owe ri n g Pri ce t o disp e n s e grace b e y o n d t he limit s of N e w E n glan d had

n o re al e xis t e n ce .

A m on g t h e d o c um e n t ary e vid e n ce h o w e v e r o f t he i n fe ri or cl ass s t ill p re s e rv e d at B o s t on , , ,

t h e re is a si n gul ar m e m oran dum whi ch m e ri t s ou r at t e n t i on :

J u 2 4 1 7 3 4 —A b t t hi s t im e o Worshl B o M Be j F a k li n f o m Phil ad lphi a b e am e

ne , . ou ur .
r n, r n a r n r e ,
c

a q u ai t e d w i t h Our R t
c n W sh G a d M ast M P i ce wh o f t he I nst u ct e d hi m i t h R y l A t
or r n e r, r r ,
ur r r n e o a r ,

d s id F a k li hi s R e t t o Phil ad e lphi lld t he B e t h t h e e t g e t h e r w h p t t i t i on d O

’ ’
an a r n n on u rn a ca r re n r o ,
o e ur

R t Worsh l G
- d M s t e r f a Co st i t t i t o h o ld a L o d ge a d O r R t Wor hl G an d M st h avi g
ran a or n u on ,
n u s o
r a er n

t h is Y e R e cd O d e s f om t h G a d L d g i E gl d t o E s t blish M as
ar r r r y i n allN o t h Am e i ca d id
e r n o e n n an a on r r r ,

s d a D pu t at i o t o Phil d lphi a app oi n t i g t he R t Wor hl M Be nj F a k li n first M ast e ; whi ch is t he

en e n a e ,
n s r a r n r

b gi n i g of M aso y t h e e 3
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c all e d i n qu e st i on u n t il Th e re are p e rs o n s s t i ll livi n g who t oo k p art i n a s o le m n ce n t e n

n i al ce l e b rat i on by t h e G ran d L o dge o f P e n n sylvani a i n 1 8 3 4 ! A t t h e p re s e n t dat e h ow e v e r , ,

1l ss t h s l tt s wh lly d v id f m i g d i t will b s ffi i t if w ly t h t f S pt m b 1
Un e e e e e r are o e o o
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e an n an e u c en e re on a o e e er ,

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it is o n ly o f s e rvi c e i n assis t i n g us t o g au g e w i t h gre at e r pre cisi on t h e hist o ri cal v alu e o f t he

c oll e ct i on o f w hi ch i t forms a p art
,
Th e re is a su bstra t u m o f t ru t h i n t he m e m oran dum . .

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w as n e v e r g ran t e d — o r t o v ary t h e e xp re ssi o n n e ve r a ccep t e d

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w as n o at t o u rn m e n t (o r ack n o w l e dgm e n t o f P ri ce s au t h ori t y o v e r him) by F ran kli n Bu t

’
.

t his w as n e v e rt h e l e ss c o n fid e n t ly assum e d t o h av e t ak e n pl ac e by P e lh am o r t h e
, , ,

B o s t o n archi vist fo r t he t im e b e i n g Th e fact s i t is t ru e d o n o t al t o g e t h e r squ are wi t h t he .

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hyp ot h e sis F ran kli n s visit t o B o s t o n occu rre d i n 1 7 3 3 an d his l e tt e rs t o Pri ce w e re

.
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w ri t t e n t o w ards t h e c l o s e o f 1 7 3 4 S t ill i t is n o t n e ce ss ary t o imp e ac h t he g oo d fai t h o f .

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t he an n alis t Th e L o dg e at Phil ad e lphi a appli e d w i t h o u t d o ub t — t hro ugh F ran klin —t o

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H e nry Pri ce for a Ch art e r an d i f an y e x c us e is n e e d e d for t h e co n clusio n w hi ch w as arriv e d

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at i n 1 7 51 o r e arli e r by t h e P ro vi n c i al G ran d Offi ce rs w e fi n d i t i n a re ce n t re vi e w o f t h e

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e vi d e n ce by t h e G ran d M as t e r for t h e t im e b e i n g o f M ass achus e t t s w h e re i t is st o ut ly

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”
m ai n t ain e d t h at F ran kli n re ce iv e d w h at h e ask e d for 1
“
.

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v e ry ligh t ly I t is at all e v e n t s fre e fro m d o ubt t h at F ran kli n an d t h e o t h e rs co uld n ot

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h av e re ce ive d bef ore N o v e mb e r 2 8 1 7 3 4 w h at t h e y o n ly s o li c i t e d on t h at dat e Th e n t h e re , ,

.

is t h e re bu t t i n g e vid e n c e o f t h e y e ar 1 7 49 whi ch i n t h e Opi n ion o f m o st p e o ple will b e , , ,

d e cisive o f t he w h ol e p o i n t at issu e an d j us t ify t he i n fe re n ce t h at t h e e n t ire proofs w e re n ot ,

fort h co mi n g w i t h w hi c h F ran k li n v e ry p ro p e rly ask e d t o b e suppli e d 2 .

The firs t L o dge i n B o s t on — co n s t i t u t e d by P ri ce A ugus t 3 1 1 7 3 3 — o b t ai n e d a place

“
, ,

o n t h e ro ll o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d i n 1 7 3 4 The E n grav e d (o r o ffi ci al ) List s for .

1 7 3 1 3 3 are missi n g w hi ch is t o b e re gre t t e d as a c uri o us p robl e m p re s e n t s i t s e l f i n co n

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n e ct i o n wi t h an u n o ffi c i al
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lis t of L o dg e s re ally d at i n g fro m 1 7 34 fro m w hi c h t h e L o dg e at ,

B ost on is e x clud e d w hil e t o m ak e up for t h e o missi on o n e at Philad e lphia fi n ds a place

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t he sign o f t h e h o us e w h e re t h e s e v e n t y n i n t h L o dg e , ,
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o n t h e g e n e ral li st m e t w as t he C ast l e at H ighg at e The pl ace o r n umb e r o ccupi e d by t h e

, .

L o dge i n qu e st i on w as v acan t i n an d b u t i n 1 7 3 5 w e fi n d i t agai n fill e d an d ,

o n t his o ccasi on t h e sig n o

’
f t h e h ou s e is t he C ro wn an d A n g e l Lit t le S t M art i n s L an e 7 , ,

whi ch is als o giv e n i n t h e o ffi ci al list fo r 1 7 3 6 .

I n t h e E n grav e d Lis t fo r 1 7 3 4 t h e re are 1 2 8 n umb e rs i n all (t he 7 9 t h b e i n g v acan t ) an d ,

t h e l ast t h re e are t hus sh o wn

1 2 6 B o s t o n i n N e w E n glan d [n o d a t e ] ; 1 2 7 V al e n ci e n n e s i n F re n c h F l an d e rs [n o d a t e ] ;
, , , ,

an d 1 2 8 D uk e o f M arlb o ro ugh P e t t i coat e Lan e Whi t e Ch ap e ll N o v e mb e r 5 1 7 3 4

, , , , , .

I n a lis t o f t h e fo ll o w i n g y e ar e vid e n t ly t ak e n by Pi cart fro m an o ffi ci al o n e publi sh e d ,

aft e r F e b ru ary 2 4 an d b e fore Ju n e 2 4 1 7 3 5 t h e re are n o v acan t n umb e rs (t he 7 9 t h b e in g

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, , ,

agai n fille d) N os 1 2 6 1 2 8 are o ccupi e d i n t h e s am e w ay as n arrat e d i n t he l as t p aragraph

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1 gl d F m
M r S e re n o D N i ck e rson i n t h e l i 1 8 74 p
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, , . 38 2 .

2
It i vid t f m his q i i g pi s f b t h p t t s t h t t h e li o
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a e ar e r ne of 1 7 3 3 had n ot b e en sh o wn to
F kli by P i d i g t h i i t
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.g ds t h E gli h L dg s Th p bli t i o w
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an d re comm e n de d by , t he Gran d
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 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

A n d e rs o n has n ot i n t his i n s t an ce add e d t he d at e o f t h e hi stori cal t o t h at o f t he leg al ye ar ,

w hi ch h e a pp e ars to h av e i n v ari ably d on e wh e n d e s cribi n g an y d ay b e t we e n J an u ary 1 an d

M arch 2 5 .

This w ill h arm on is e p e rfe ct ly w i t h t h e lis t o f L o dge s as sh ow n i n t h e G ran d L o dge

R e gis t e r fo r 1 7 3 1 3 2 N e x t t he p aym e n t by N o 7 9 o f t h e fe e for i t s con s t i t u t io n o n
-
.
, .

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, ,

t h at y e ar .N or w o uld su ch a p aym e n t imp o rt a p ro xim at e diss olut i o n A ll w e k n o w w i t h .

c e rt ai n t y is t h at ac cordi n g t o a lis t d raw n up by D r R awlin s on

, app are n t ly b e t w e e n M arch ,

an d July 1 7 3 3 t h e L o dge at t he C as t l e H ighgat e w as e x t i n c t an d t h e N o 7 9 a v acan t o n e

, , , , .

— re mai ni n g so u n t il aft e r N o v e mb e r 5 1 7 3 4 t he dat e b orn e by t he las t L odge o n t h e , ,

E n grav e d List for t h at y e ar .

S t J o hn s L o dge Phil ade lphi a o f w hi ch F ran kli n w as G ran d M as t e r i n 1 7 3 4 ass e mbl e d

’

, , ,

o n t h e fi rs t M on d ay i n t he m o n t h whi c h w as als o t h e d ay o f m e e t i n g o f t he L o dg e at t h e
,

H oop i n t h e s am e ci t y as d e s crib e d by t h e P ocke t Comp an i on

, .

Th e re w as a S u n as w e ll as a T u n t av e rn i n Wat e r S t re e t Philade lphi a A cco rdi n g , .

t o F ran klin s Gaz e tt e t h e

’
Gran d Lo dg e i n 1 7 3 2 m e t at t h e form e r an d i n t h e t w o fo llo w i n g
,
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,

ye ars at t h e l at t e r A ll t hre e d e sig n at i o n s S u n Tu n o r H oo p are b e li e v e d by M ac Calla t o

. , , , ,

1
a pply t o on e publi c h o us e a t di ffe r e-
n t d a t e s n o t f a r ap art .

I sh all n o w p ass fro m t h e co n sid e rat i on o f N o 7 9 t o t h at o f N o 1 2 6 o n t h e s am e list . . .

I t is a w e ll e s t ablish e d fact t h at m ore t h an o n e e di t i on o f t h e E n grav e d S e ri e s w as o ft e n

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publish e d i n t h e s am e y e ar This m ay se rv e t o e xpl ai n why t he Lo dg e s at B o s t on an d

.

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l
Va e n c e i n n e s are n o t sh o w n i n t h e P o ck e t C om p a n i on L o n d o n b u t w hi ch i n clud e s n e ve rt h e
, ,

l e ss a L on d on Lodg e — N o 1 2 6 at t he sign o f t h e D uk e o f M arlboro ugh subse qu e n t ly pl ace d

.
,
-

b e lo w t h e m o n t h e list The firs t L o dg e at t his n umb e r t h e n was con st it u t e d N o v e mb e r 5

.
, , ,

1 7 3 4 an d t h e d at e is of imp ort an ce as assis t i n g us t o d e t e rmin e ab o u t w h at p e rio d t he F i rs t

,

L o dg e at B o st on o b t ai n e d a foot in g on ou r roll This app are n t ly o cc u rre d i n N o v e mb e r o r .

D e ce mb e r 1 7 3 4 or t o sp e ak ro u n dly ab o ut fi ft e e n m o n t hs aft e r i t s o rigin al c on st i t u t i o n

, , Th e .

d e lay i n re gist rat i o n is a m at e rial p o i n t sin ce i t forms o n e o f t h e aggre gat e of min or c irc um
,

st an ce s up on w hi ch I t hi n k w e sh all d o w e ll t o b ase o u r fi n al judgm e n t o f H e n ry P rice I t .

h as b e e n n o wh e re d oub t e d t h at t h e L o dge was re gul arly e st ablish e d bu t i t h as b e e n u rge d ,

t h at t h e d e put at i on gran t e d t o P ri ce w as simply an aut h o rit y t o o p e n a L o dge o r i n o t h e r ,

w ords a w arran t o f co n st it u t i o n — n o t a p at e n t as P ro vi n ci al Gran d M as t e r

,
H ad t his b e e n .

so t h e L o dge at B o s t on w o uld h av e app e are d o n t he ro ll i n 1 7 3 3 at (ab o u t ) t h e N o

,
1 1 3 as , .
,

t he roll was arran g e d accordin g t o s e n i o rit y of c o n st i t ut i on an e xp re ssi o n t he m e an in g o f

, ,

w hi ch has n ow b e co m e o bs ol e t e b u t i n u se at t h at t im e t o i n di cat e t h at the p re ce de n cy o f

,

L o dg e s was t o b e re gulat e d by t he priorit y of t h e writ t e n i n st rum e n t s se v e rally p o sse sse d by

t he m . I n plain e r w o rds t h e co n s t i t u t i on ,
o f a L o dg e w as i t s w arran t o r au t h o ri t y t o

ass e mbl e an d t h e co lumn s h e ad e d

,
co n s t it u t e d i n t h e E n grav e d Lis t s m e re ly gav e t h e d at e s
wh e n t h e vari ous Lo dge s w e re c h art e re d by t he Gran d M ast e r or his D e pu t y Thus t h e d ays .
,

o f m e e t i n g o f t h e B o s t on L o dg e w i t h t h e y e ar an d m o n t h o f i t s form at i on w o uld h av e b e e n
, ,

duly e n t e re d i n t he re gist e r o f G ran d L odge an d t h e n ce t ran sfe rre d i n t he ordi n ary co u rs e t o,

t he publish e d lis t had t h e d e pu t at i on gran t e d t o Price b e e n o f t he limi t e d ch aract e r w hi ch

,

has b e e n sugge st e d Bu t t he L o dg e did n ot e v e n s e c u re a fo ot i n g o n t he g e n e ral lis t u n t il

.

Ke ys t ne N o ve mb e r 7 1 8 8 5
1 o , ,
0 C h ap X V II p 3 9 0
.
1
1 . . .
, . .
 F R E E J I A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

s o m e fi ft e e n m o n t hs aft e r i t s e st ablishm e n t whi le t he d ays o f m e e t i n g 2 d an d 4 t h S

’

, aty .

— appe ar for t he fi rs t t im e i n t he E n grav e d Lis t fo r 1 7 3 8 an d t h e ge ar o f c o n s t i t u t io n t h o u gh , ,

w i t h o u t t h e m on th t h ro ugh t h e s am e c h an n e l o f publi cat ion i n 1 7 4 0

,
Y e t t h e re is n o .
,

roo m fo r d o u b t t h at t he L o d g e w as re g ard e d as h avi n g b e e n p ro p e rly c o n s t i t u t e d by s om e

c o mp e t e n t au t h ori t y w hi c h i n t h e cas e b e fo re u s c o u ld o n ly h av e e m an at e d fro m P ri ce

,
In .

o t h e r w ords t h e admissi o n o f t h e F i rs t L o dg e o f B o s t on o n t h e roll o f t he G ran d L o dge o f

,

E n gl an d i n v o lv e d as a n e ce ss ary co ro ll ary a re co gn it i on o f t h e P ro vin c i al co mmissi on u n de r

, ,

whi ch i t w as calle d i n t o b e i n g .

’
G re at s t re ss h as b e e n l aid o n t h e abs e n c e o f P ri c e s n am e fro m t h e list s o f P ro vi n c i al
G ran d Mas t e rs publish e d i n t h e su cce ssiv e e di t i o n s o f t he C o n st i t u t i on s Bu t w i t h re gard t o .

t his pu re ly n e gat iv e e vid e n ce t h e re are s o m e co n sid e rat ion s whi c h h av e n ot as ye t re ce ive d

t h e ir d u e w e igh t Th e p re s e rvat i o n or d e s t ru ct i o n o f his t ori cal m at e ri als is as p ro vid e n t i al as
.

t he guidan c e o f e v e n t s 1 Of t his aph o rism t h e e xis t in g re cords o f t he G ran d Lo dge o f E n gl an d

.

afford a g oo d illus t rat i o n The fi rs t mi n u t e b o o k o f t h at b o dy re l at e s t h e p ro c e e di n gs o f t h e

.
-

G ran d L o d ge fro m Jun e 2 4 1 7 2 3 t o M arc h 1 7 1 7 3 1 I n t he s am e v o lum e are con t ai n e d

, , ,
.

s e ve ral list s o f L o dge s w i t h t h e n am e s o f t h e ir m e mb e rs an d c o pi e s o f v ari o us d e pu t at io n s

, ,

gran t e d t o b re t h re n i n fore ig n p art s—an d am on g t h e m t h e e x act t e x t o f t he p at e n t is sue d

t o D an i e l C o x e .

The s e co n d mi n u t e b oo k b e gi n s w i t h t h e p roce e di n gs o f M arc h 2 7 1 7 3 1 an d e n ds w i t h

-
, ,

t h o s e o f A p ril 2 6 1 7 7 1 V o lum e I L h o w e v e r w a
, s n o t us e d li k e i t s p re d e ce ss or as a re ce p
.
, , ,

t ac l e fo r d o c um e n t ary wai fs an d s t rays w hi ch by t ran s crip t i on i n t o t h e act u al min u t e b o o k , ,

-

o f G ran d L o dg e w e re h appily p re s e rv e d fro m d e s t ru c t i on

,
F ro m t h e d at e t h e re fore at w hi ch . , ,

t he e arli e s t mi n u t e b oo k e n ds m an y o ccu rre n ce s n o t act u ally fo rmi n g a p art o f t h e pro

-
,

ce e d i n gs i n G ran d L o dg e must h av e b e e n re cord e d on l o o s e p ap e rs or i n b oo ks t h at h av e

,

n o w p e rish e d D r A n d e rs on i n p re p arin g t h e s e co n d e di t i o n o f his C o n s t i t u t i o n s had t he

.
, ,

min u t e s o f G ran d L o dg e t o re fe r t o ; b u t wi t h re gard t o w h at o t h e r re cords w e re place d at his

disp o s al i t is n o w o f c o urs e imp o ssible t o sp e ak w i t h pre c ision
, , S t ill j u dgi n g by re s u l t s
, .
, ,

t h e re is v e ry li t t l e i n t h e C o n s t i t u t i o n s o f 1 7 3 8 whi c h b e t rays a d e e p e r fo u n t o f i nf o rm at i on
“

t h an t h e re co rd e d p roce e di n gs o f t h e G ran d Lo dg e .

The d e put at io n g ran t e d t o D an i e l C o x e n e ce ss arily cam e un d e r o bs e rvat i on b u t n o t so t he ,

lat e r p at e n t t o H e n ry Pri ce t h e d at e of w hi ch pre clud e d i t s b e in g e n t e re d i n t he fi rst v o lum e

,

o f mi n ut e s an d as alre ady re l at e d
, , d oc um e n t s o f t h at class fo u n d n o place i n t he s e con d , .

Willi am R e ad m ore o v e r w h o h ad b e e n Gran d S e cre t ary fro m D e ce mb e r 2 7 1 7 2 7 was su c

ce e d e d — M arch 3 0 1 7 3 4 —
, , , ,

by J oh n R e vis ; an d i t w as n o t u n t il F e b ru ary 2 4 1 7 3 5 t h at
,
a

, ,

A n d e rs o n s o ught t h e p e rmission o f G ran d Lo dge t o brin g o u t a n e w e dit i o n o f hi s Con st i t u

t ion s. A b o v e all w e m u s t n o t forg e t t h at t he l at e s t con t ribu t i on t o t he lit e rat ure o f t h e
,

C raft by t h e F at h e r o f Mas on i c H ist ory h as c o m e d ow n t o us wi t h o u t an y gre at w e igh t o f

“

2
au t h o ri t y .B e ari n g all t his i n min d w e n e e d at t ac h le ss i mp ort an ce t o t h e o missi on o f Pri c e s ,
’

n am e i n t he su cce ssiv e e di t i on s o f t h e C o n s t i t u t i o n s The cas e o f his su cce ss o r R o b e rt .

,

To mli n s o n w ho s e app o in t m e n t is du ly re cord e d st an ds on quit e an o t h e r fo o t in g

, I t is bu t , .

n at u ral t o supp o s e t h at A n d e rs on o b t ai n e d fro m J o h n R e vis a lis t o f P ro vi n c i al G ran d

M ast e rs i n fore ign p art s app o in t e d duri n g his o wn t e n ure of o fli Ce F or t he sam e re as o n I .

,

am i n clin e d t o re g ard t he c l aim adv an ce d by P ri ce t o h av e had his aut h ori t y e x t e n d e d o v e r

1
Cf C . hp a . XVI .
, p . 2 58 .
2
I bi d .
, p . 2 91 .

VOL . III .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

al
l A m e ri c a by L o rd C rawford i n 1 7 3 4 as an h all u ci n at i o n arisi n g o u t o f c i rcums t an ce s w hi ch
, ,

1
f
’

are o n ly dimly sh ad o w e d i n F ran kli n s l e t t e r o t h y a

at e r Th e fil e s o f B o s t o n n e w sp ap e rs .

for 1 7 3 4 are i n co mpl e t e an d t h e art i cl e o f n e ws fro m L o n d on re fe rre d t o by t h e G ran d “

,

M as t e r o f P e n n sylvan i a can n o t be fo u n d A s e arc h by m e i n t h e lib rary o f t h e B rit ish .

M u s e u m h as b e e n e qu ally frui t le ss Bu t t h e acc u racy o f F ran kli n w as su ch 2 as t o l e av e n o

.

roo m fo r d o u b t t h at a s t at e m e n t imp ort i n g t he e xt e n sio n o f Pri ce s d e put at i on an d p o w e r

,
’

o v e r all N ort h A m e ri ca duly app e are d i n s om e B o s t o n p ri n t

, .

On F e b ru ary 5 1 7 3 6 a p e t i t i o n (t h e origi n al o f w hi c h h as b e e n p re s e rve d ) w as add re ss e d

, ,

by six bre t h re n at P ort sm o u t h N e w H ampshi re t o H e n ry P ri c e w h o m t h e y st yl e G ran d

, , ,
“

M as t e r o f t h e S oc i e t y o f F re e an d A c c e p t e d M aso n s h e ld i n B o s t o n The p e t it i o n e rs .

d e s crib e d t h e ms e lv e s as of the holy an d e xq u i si t e L odge of S t J ohn an d ask e d for p o w e r t o ,

h o ld a L o dg e A ccordi n g t o o rd e r as is an d h as b e e n gran t e d t o fai t h fu ll B ro t h e rs i n all p art s

o f t h e Wo rld an d t h e y d e c l are d t h at t h e y h ad t h e i r C on st i t ut i o n s b ot h i n p rin t an d m an u “
,

scrip t as go o d an d as an c i e n t as an y t h at E n gl an d can aff o rd The fav ou r w as ask e d b e cau s e

t h e y h ad h e ard t h e re is a S u pe ri ou r L o dg e h e ld i n B o s t on Be i t n o t e d t his w as e arly i n .
,

1 7 3 6 w h e n n o L o dg e h ad b e e n w arran t e d at P ort sm o ut h ; an d as t h e b re t h re n s t at e d t h e y
,

p o ss e ss e d C o n s t i t u t i on s i n m an u scrip t— whi ch i t is h ardly p o ssible co u ld h av e b e e n an y

“

t h i n g e ls e t h an a co py o f t h e Old C h arg e s — as w e ll as i n pri n t t h e e vide n ce is c o n sis t e n t ,

w i t h t he supp o si t i o n t h at w hil e at t h e d at e n am e d t h e L o dge m u s t h av e b e e n s o m e y e ars i n

e xis t e n c e i t s o rigi n m ay h av e re ach e d b ac k e v e n t o t he s e v e n t e e n t h ce n t u ry
, .

I am an xi o us n ot t o lay t oo m u ch s t re ss o n t h e p re cis e m e an i n g at t ach e d by m e t o t he

m e n t i o n o f m an us crip t C on s t i t u t io n s ; n e v e rt h e l e ss I t hi n k t h e p e t i t i on m ay b e t ak e n as fair
e vid e n c e t h at i n 1 7 3 6 t h e re w e re b re t h re n i n N e w H ampshi re (m e e t i n g as M as on s i n a L o dg e )

w ho p o ss e ss e d a co py (o r re p ri n t ) o f t h e E n gli sh C on s t i t u t i o n s publish e d i n 1 7 2 3 as w e ll as a ,

v e rsi o n o f an o ld e r se t o f law s i n M S t hus p o i n t i n g t o t h e p o ssibl e e xist e n ce o f t h e L o dge

.
,

at e v e n an e arlie r p e ri o d t h an t h e G ran d L o dg e e ra o f 1 7 1 6 1 7 -
.

I n t he s am e y e ar (1 7 3 6) Pri c e is allu d e d t o i n t h e t w o l e t t e rs o f re co mm e n d at ion fro m t h e

F irs t Lo dg e o f B o s t on w hi ch hav e b e e n p re vio usly re fe rre d t o as P ro vi n c i al G ran d M as t e r
, , .

The lat e r o f t h e s e is d at e d S e p t e mb e r 1 1 7 3 6 an d t h re e m on t h s aft e rwards— De ce mb e r 7 , ,

t h e c h arg e o f t h e p ro v in ce o f N e w E n gl an d w as c o mmi t t e d by p at e n t t o R o b e rt To mli n s on .

Whe t h e r Pri ce re sign e d or w as s u p e rs e d e d t h e re is n o e vide n ce t o sh o w bu t i t is n o t , ,

u n re as on able t o supp o s e t h at w it h t h e i n flux o f m an y n e w m e mb e rs o f high e r s oc ial s t an di n g

, ,

t h e re m ay h a v e aris e n a fe e li n g t h at his o c cu p at i on i n life w as in co mp at ibl e w i t h t h e app o i n t

m e n t Th e re fore c h o i c e w as m ad e o f To mli n son a g e n t le m an o f m e an s an d dis t i n ct i o n
.
, , .

Th e de pu t at i o n t o P ri c e s su cc e ss or re c it e s t h at i t w as gran t e d i n re sp on s e t o t h e p ray e r o f a
’

p e t i t i on t h at a n e w Pro v G M for N e w E n glan d mi gh t b e n o mi n at e d To t h e w ord n e w

. . . .
“

g re at imp ort an ce h as b e e n at t ac h e d by s o m e co mm e n t at ors b u t I t hi n k w i t h o u t re as on ,

, ,

as t h e m ore w e re ly up on t h e e arly B o s t o n re c ords as i n d e p e n d e n t au t h ori t i e s t h e gre at e r ,

b e c o m e s t he n e ce ssit y of cri t i cally app raisi n g t h e we ight an d t h e re by t h e v alu e o f t h e ir

t e s t im on y .

1
A n te , p . 43 1 .

2 “
T h
gh t h p ss
ro u w t iv eB j mi Fre ,
n o on e as so ac e as en a n ran kli n. H is new sp p d f d d f d m f p h
a er e en e re e o o S eec

an d f t h p ss f h h ld t h t f ls h d l
o e re , or d ds t t k
e e a a e oo a on e re a a ac an d is
cr e ou t fo r au xili i s whil t t h s s t h i d
ar e ,
e ru corn e a

o f t h s cu l
e em d t i m phs by h
ar ar i t st gt h (B
, an ru e r nn a e re n an cro ft H is t
, . vo l ii 1 8 8 5 p
. .
, .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

t his u n t ry also
co M r N ort on e s t im at e s t h at b e t w e e n 1 7 3 3 an d J an u ary 2 1 7 3 9 t he
. , ,

n umb e r o f Mas o n s id e n t i fi e d w i t h t h e F i rs t Lo dg e i n B o s t o n w as 1 05 1 5 o f w h o m
“
, ,

’
h e t hi n ks fo un d e d t h e M as t e r M as o n s L o dg e an d 6 o n ly w e re s u bs e qu e n t ly rais e d t h e re i n
, ,
.

F ro m t he l at t e r p e rio d t o S e p t e mb e r 1 7 51 2 3 8 j o i n e d t h e L o dge o f w h o m 8 4 b e cam e , ,

M as t e r M as o n s so t h at m an y app e ar t o h av e b e e n c on t e n t w it h t h e F i rs t an d S e co n d
,

g
De e e r s j us t as
,
w e fi n d w as f or m e rly t h e c a s e i n S co t l an d — w h e re t h e p ract i c e w as a v e ry
g e n e ral o n e u n t il lat e i n t he l ast ce n t ury— an d is st i ll so i n G e rm an y Th o m as Ox n ard .

ds P ro v h o w as M as t e r o f t h e L o dge i n 1 7 3 6 an d ag ai n i n 1 7 3 7 w as
(af t e r w ar w . , ,

n ot rais e d t o t h e d e gre e o f M as t e r M as on u n t il 1 7 3 9 .

The Lo dg e an d t he Gran d L o dge at B o st on app e ar t o h av e be e n re g ard e d —

“
at l e as t ,

d u rin g t h e fi rs t d e cad e o f t h e ir e xist e n ce —a s on e an d t h e s am e b o dy b o t h at h om e an d ,

ab ro ad The l e t t e r o f S e pt e mb e r 1 1 7 3 6 d e sp at ch e d i n t he l e ss e r cap ac it y t o L o dg e
. , , ,

Glasgow Kil w in n i n g is sign e d by P ri ce as G M whil e a c o mmu n i cat ion d at e d Jun e 2 7

,
. .
, ,

1 7 3 9 fro m t h e G ran d Lo dg e at t he C o urt h o us e i n S t J o h n s A n t igu a — w rit t e n by c o mm an d

“
’ ”
-
, , ,

o f G o v e rn o r M at h e w t h e P ro v G M — w as add re ss e d n o t t o t h e G L o f N e w E n gl an d b u t
, . . .
, , . .
,

t o t h e F irst Lo dg e o f B o s t o n The l at t e r b o dy w as s t yl e d t h e Mo t h e r L o dg e o f N e w E n gl an d
.
-
,

an d o f A m e r i ca by a c o mmi t t e e o f i t s m e mb e rs i n 1 7 41 t h e t w o t it l e s b e i n g us e d i n a
, ,

c orre sp o n d e n ce w i t h G o ve rn o r B e l ch e r an d his su cce ss o r G o v e rn o r S hi rl e y J o n at h an .

B e l ch e r w as Go v e rn or o f M assach u s e t t s an d N e w H ampshire fro m 1 7 3 0 t o 1 7 4 1 an d i t w as ,

i n t h e l at t e r y e ar w h e n t h an k e d fo r his p ro t e ct i on by t h e F i rs t L o dge o f B o st o n t h at h e
, ,

place d o n re co rd his lo n g con n e ct i on w it h t he S oc i e t y t o w hi ch I h av e ad ve rt e d o n an e arli e r ,

p age 1 G ov e rn or S hirl e y w as n ot a M ason n or did h e av ail o f t h e su ffi ci e n t ly bro ad hi n t t h at

.
,

h e sh o u ld b e co m e o n e t hro w n o u t by t h e M OTH E R L OD GE OF A M E R I CA 2 t h rough

, ,
”

t h e i r c o mmi t t e e i n 1 7 4 1 A s i t h as b e e n t h e Cus t o m for m e n i n t h e m o s t e x al t e d S t at i on t o

h av e t h e D oo r o f o u r S o c i e t y e C on s t i t u t i on al ways o p e n e d t o t h e m (wh e n d e si re d) w e
’

t hi n k i t o u r D u t y t o ac qu ai n t y o u r E x ce lle n cy w it h t h at Cus t o m an d assure yo u t h at w e , ,

’
sh all ch e arfu lly at t e n d yo ur E x c e ll e n cy s Pl e asu re t h e re in .

I t is p ro b abl e t h at at B o s t o n as w e ll as i n Philad e lphi a t he b re t hre n ass e mbl e d as a , ,

’
l odg e at all m e e t i n gs e x ce pt (on S t J o h n s D ays an d ) w h e n o ffi ce rs w e re e l e ct e d (or ,

appo i n t e d) Thi s w as e vid e n t ly t h e p rac t i ce i n t h e l at t e r c i t y wh e re i n d e e d t he p o ssibili t y

.
, , ,

m ay b e co n ce iv e d o f t h e e xpre ssi on G ran d Lo dge b e ari n g i n t h e fi rs t i n s t an ce o n ly t he “

re s t ri ct e d sign ifi c at i o n o f t h e a d e ct i re
j wi t h o ut t h e m e an in g whi ch is n ow con v e n t io n ally ,

as crib e d t o i t i n co n j u n c t i on w i t h t h e n ou n 2 B e sid e s w e mus t n ot lo s e sight of t h e fact t h at , ,

for h al f a c e n t ury an d m o re aft e r t h e o c cu rre n ce s I am re lat in g t h e re w as n o t hi n g at all ,

u n us u al i n t h e assump t i on by a p riv at e L o dge o f a pre fix n o w o n ly m e t wi t h i n c on n e c t i on ,

w it h a go v e rn in g b o dy S o l at e as 1 7 8 6 t he G ran d L o dg e o f S cot l an d fo u n d i t n e ce ss ary t o

.
,

o rd ai n t h at n o Mas t e r sh ould b e add re ss e d by t he s t yl e o r t i t le o f Gr a n d

, e x ce p t t h e G ran d ,

M as t e r M as on o f t h at co u n t ry 11 The e xp re ssio n M o t h e r L o dg e of A m e ri ca u se d i n 1 7 4 1
.
,
“
,

by a co mmit t e e o f t h e fi rst L o dge i n B o st on forc ibly re min ds us o f t he m at e rn al t i t le ,

assu m e d u n d e r c l o s e ly an al o g o us c irc u ms t an ce s by t h e Lo dg e o f Kil w in ni n g t h e Th re e “

,

Glo b e s at B e rli n an d o t h e r E u rop e an Lo dge s The m e mb e rs of t h e Pro v G ran d Lo dge o f

,
. .

N e w E n glan d so l on g as t h e re w as o nly o n e L o dge in t he p ro vi n ce mus t h av e b e l o n g e d t o i t

, , ,

1
A n te , p . 42 4 C hp a . XVI p 2 69
.
, . .
9 s
S i c, i n Bo t on R e cor ds p 3 9 0
, . .

3
L i aur e , 1 8 59 , p . 139 Ly p 3 3 1
on , . Con t t u t si i o n an d L ws a of t h e Gran d L dg
o e of S co tl dan ,
18 8 1 p 6
, . .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

b u t t h e y form e d aft e r al
l bu t a si n gl e b ro t h e rh o o d t h o u gh m e e t i n g , at t im e s i n di ffe re n t
p i t ie s
c a ac .

Ox n ard w e n t t o E n gl an d i n t he summ e r o f 1 7 51 an d on Oct o b e r 7 o f t he s am e y e ar a , ,

H u mbl e R e m on s t ran ce sign e d by t h e M as t e rs an d Ward e n s o f t he F i rs t S e c o n d Thi rd , , ,

an d M as t e rs L o dg e s o f B o s t on w as add re ss e d t o t h e G M o f E n gl an d i n w hi c h i t w as
’
,
. .
,

re qu e s t e d t h at a F u ll an d Pl e n ary C o mmissi on t o act as G ran d M as t e r i n an d o v e r all t he

L o dg e s i n N ort h A m e ri c a might b e g ran t e d t o him an d his s u cc e ss ors On J an u ary 2 0 1 7 52 .
, ,

t h e D G M ( M D an i e l) co n ve n e d a m e e t i n g o f t h e Pro v G ran d L o dge t o d e cid e w h o sh o u ld

. . .
c
.
,

t ak e t he ch ai r u n d e r Old R e gul at io n X X I I t w as m ov e d t h at t h e righ t b e l o n ge d t o H e n ry

‘

P ri ce b u t on a v o t e b e i n g t ak e n w h e t h e r t wo o f t he B re t h re n sh o uld b e s e n t t o d e si re him t o
,
“

co m e an d re sum e his o ffi ce i t p ass e d i n t he n e g at iv e Wh e t h e r t he m ov e m e n t or t he, .

,

Opp o si t i o n t h e re t o gre w o u t o f an y ill fe e li n g o r w h e t h e r Ox n ard s app o i n t m e n t h ad an y

’

, ,

c on n e ct i on wi t h i t can n o t n o w b e d e t e rmin e d Pri ce did n ot re s e n t t he v ot e for he w as

,
.
,

pre s e n t at t he n e x t m e e t i n g an d at t h e F e st iv al at e aCh o f w hi ch M D an i e l pre sid e d , ,

°
.

On Ju n e 2 6 1 7 54 Ox n ard di e d aft e r a lin g e ri n g i lln e ss his fun e ral at t e n de d by t he P ro v

, , , , .

G ran d Lo dge t aki n g place o n t he 2 9 t h ; an d on t h e 1 2 t h o f t he fo llo w i n g m on t h t wo b re t h re n

,

w e re app o i n t e d by t h e D e pu t y G ran d M as t e r t o w ai t u p o n P ri ce an d re qu e s t him t o re sum e

his offi c e as G M — w hic h h e did o n t h e sam e d ay . .
, .

On Oct o b e r 1 1 1 7 54 a C o mmi t t e e w as e l e c t e d t o o b t ain t he app o i n t m e n t o f J e re my

“
, ,

G ridl e y ,
C ou n s e llor at Law The p e t i t i on t o t h e G M o f E n gl an d sig n e d by M D an i e l . . .
,
c

u n d e r Oxn ard) an d six o t h e rs re c it e s t h at on t h e d e ce ase o f Ox n ard H e n ry Pri ce

, , , ,

form e rly G M as t e r re assum e d t h e ch air pro t e mp ore

. an d e xp re ss e s t h e d e si re
,
of the ,

m e mb e rs t h at al l fut ure G ran d M as t e rs sh o uld b e d e p u t e d for t h re e y e ars o n ly t h is b e i n g ,

c l o gg e d h o w e v e r w i t h a pro vis o for t he c o n t i n u an ce i n o ffi ce o f t h e P ro v G M at t h e w i ll

, , . . .

o f t he P G L M e n t io n is als o m ad e i n t he p e t i t i on o f t he origi n o f Mas on ry h e re

. . .
“

B o st on ) i n 1 7 3 3 an d i n t h e ye ar fo llow i n g (i t con t in u e s) ou r t h e n G M P ric e re ce ive d

,
“
, . .
, ,

ord e rs fro m G M C raw ford t o e s t ablish m as o n ry i n a l

. . l N ort h A m e ri ca i n pu rsu an ce o f w hi c h ,

”
t h e s e v e ral Lo dge s h e re aft e r m e n t i on e d h av e re c"1 C on s t it u t ion s fro m u s 1 Th e y li k e wis e .

c rav e d d u e p re ce d e n c y an d t h at i n ord e r t h e re u n t o o u r G M e l e ct m ay i n his d e put at i on b e

, . .

st yl e d G M o f allN ort h A m e ri ca
. . .

Pri ce w ro t e — A ugus t 6 1 7 55— i n supp ort o f t he p e t i t i on d e s cribi n g his s e rvi ce s as , ,

P ro v G M an d how he w as su cce e de d by To mli n s on an d t h e l at t e r by Ox n ard w h e n

. . .
, , ,

t h e ch air re v e rt e d t o hi m agai n acco rdi n g t o t h e C o n s t i t u t io n s H e de c l are d t h at , .

,

wi t h his c o n s e n t all t he B re t h re n i n N ort h A m e ri ca had m ad e Ch o i ce o f t h e i r

,

J e re my Gridl e y ; aft e r w hi ch h e m e n t ion s t h e p aym e n t o f t he fe e o f t hre e gu i n e as pe r C ap t ,

.

Phillips t o t he R e v J o h n E n t i ck an d e xpre sse s su rp ris e at re ce ivin g n o ack n o wle dgm e n t

, .
, .

P ri ce w i t h p ardo n abl e p rid e re cords t h e gre at su c ce ss o f M as o n ry i n A m e ri ca si n ce his

, ,
'

s e t t li n g t h e re N 0 le ss t h an fort y Lo dg e s h e s ays h av e
. spru n g fro m my firs t Lo dge i n ,
”
,

B o st o n Th e re fore
. he p roce e ds we d e sire t h at o u r d e pu t at i on m ay b e m ade ou t for o r
, , ,

o ve r al ,
l N ort h A m e ri ca .

L dg s f d t
1
Th e t h fi s t t w lv
o m itt i g t h
e d L dg t Phil d lphi — f t h s
re e rre t sid M ss
o are e r e e- o n e secon o e a a e a o o e ou e a a

h
c tt
u sesh w i t h t bl f L dg s ( t h xt p g ) w
s, o n t d by H
n yPi his s ss s
e a e o o e on e ne a e ,
arran e e nr r ce or u cce or .

Th i t li s
2
mi I
e th am l t t P i st t s t h t h
a c iv d d p t t i forN th A m i f m
are ne . n e s e e e r, r ce a e a e re ce e a. e u a on or e r ca ro

L d M t g i A p il 1 7 3 3 d h ld i t f f y s ; t h t h w s
or on a u e n d d i n his ffi by T m li s
r d , an e or ou r e ar a e as u cce e e o ce o n o n an

Ox d ; d th t h h
n ar s m m t t h gh t s f
an m s i g L d wi t h ll B e t h i t h G d L d g
a e as o e re o e ou o once ore ee n on on a r re n n e ran o e

ft tw ty t w y s bs : ’
a er en - o e ar a e n ce
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

A t t his p oi n t ve n i e n t i f t he n arrat iv e is i n t e rrupt e d by a lis t o f t h e Lo dge s

i t m ay b e co n

w arran t e d at an y t im e by P ri ce o r his s u cc e ss ors so far at l e ast as t h e i r n am e s h av e b e e n ,

p re s e rve d i n d o c u m e n t s n o w e x t an t The fo ll o w i n g t abl e h as b e e n compile d fro m t h e B o st o n .

R e co rds an d an as t e risk d e n o t e s i n e ac h c as e t h at t he Lo dge is m e n t io n e d f or t he fi rst t i m e

“

am o n g t h o s e re p re s e n t e d o r o t h e rw is e at a m e e t i n g o f t h e G ran d L o dg e Thus t he Lo dge i n .

,

V i rgi n ia whi c h app e ars u n d e r t he y e ar 1 7 66 w as p ro b ably t h at i n w hi ch Wash i n gt o n re ce iv e d

, ,

t he ligh t o f Mas o n ry at F re d e ri cksburg i n 1 7 52 ; an d i t is s carce ly p o ssibl e t h at s u c h a clust e r

o f L o dg e s co uld h av e b e e n form e d i n a si n gl e y e ar ( 1 7 66) w it h o u t s o m e allusi on t o t h e i r
ch art e rs o r fe e s o f C o n s t i t u t i on app e ari n g i n t he p ro ce e di n gs o f t h e G ran d Lo dg e Th e re w as
‘

.
,

ce rt ai n ly o n e o t h e r L o dge — A m e ri can Un io n — w hi ch re ce iv e d a w arran t fro m t h e s am e s o u rc e

o f au t h ori t y b u t as e xpl ai n e d ab ov e t he li s t h as b e e n m ad e up fro m act u al e n t ri e s i n t h e

, ,

o ffi c i al re c ords o f t h e G L o f M ass ac h u s e t t s . . .

LOD GE S UN DE R TH E E NG LIS H Pno v G L A T B OS TON . . .

.

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on n e c cu ,

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e r a
’
o e , B s t o 4 t h L dg of ( R isi g S
o n, o e n un ,)

Gridle y s d e pu t at io n d at e d A p ril 4 1 7 55 was gran t e d pri or t o t h e re ce ip t o f P ri ce

’

, , ,
’

l e t t e r I t con fe rre d au t h ori t y ov e r all S u ch Proy i n c e s an d Plac e s i n N o rt h A me ri ca an d

.
‘
“

t h e Te rrit ori e s t h e re o f of whi ch n o P rovi n ci a l Gran d M ast e r i s a t prese n t a

,
ppoi n t e d The .

co mmissi on w i n ds up w i t h an e xh ort at i on t o t h e h o ld e r t o re mit t h e sum o f t h re e guin e as t o

t h e G ran d Tre asure r i n L on do n for e ve ry L o dge h e sh o uld con s t i t u t e

, , .

I t w ill be o bs e rv e d t h at t h e d e pu t at i o n o f 1 7 55 t o G ridl e y w as a qualifi e d on e i n re sp e ct t o ,

his appo in t m e n t for all A m e ri ca N o t so h o we ve r t he o n e s e n t t o Ox n ard o f 1 7 4 3 w hi ch .

, , ,

simply sp e cifi e s his t it le t o b e Pro vi n ci al Gran d Mast e r o f N ort h A m e ri ca I assum e

“
.
,

1
Warran t of C on fi rm at on , i 1 7 53 .

2
A p ill
r L dg Phil d lphi
lot h , 1 7 52 pp d d p id f — F or t h e o e at t a e a Brol M cDan i e l a
'

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on e ,

h v b m d b h lf f t h L dg h t d t t h m t i g p sid d v by F kli i 1 7 49
a e ee n a e on e a o e o e c ar e re a e ee n re e o er ran n n .

A t p 41 4
3
n e, . .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

t h at i n Ord e r t h e re u n t o , Ou r G ran d Mas t e r E le c t m ay, i n his D e p u t at i o n , b e s t yl e d G ran d

M as t e r o f all N o rt h A m e ri ca .

Th e n fo ll o w t h e sig n at u re s o f t h e p e t i t i o n e rs (or C o mmi t t e e ) , an d aft e r t h e s e , t h e re is a

p o s t s crip t or m e m oran dum w hi c h re ads :

2dL odge or N O 2 i n B o s t on C on s t it ut e d F e b 1 5
, . m e e t s t he 3 d We d n e s
, .
,

”
d ay i h e v e ry m on t h at t he B ri t ish C o ffe e H o us e i n Kin g S t re e t , .

N e w H ave n L o d ge ,i n C o n n e ct i c ut C o n s t it u t e d i n N o v e mb e r 1 7 50 k e p t at t h e G o ld e n
, ,

Lion i n t h at To w n .

Pro vid e n ce L o d g e i n R h o d e I sl an d G o v e rn m e n t C o n s t it u t e d J an 1 8 1 7 57 m e e t s t h e
, , .
, ,

fi rst an d t hird We d n e sd ay o f e v e ry m on t h .

Marble h e ad Lo dg e in t his G o ve rn m e n t C on s t it ut e d M arch 2 5 1 7 60

, , , .

A le t t e r d at e d J an u ary 2 7 1 7 68 was fo rward e d at t h e s am e t im e by P ri ce add re ss e d t o

, , , ,

t he G M . G ran d Offi ce rs an d B re t h re n i n Gran d L o dg e ass e mbl e d s t at i n g t h at t he

.
, , , ,
“

m on e y n ow s e n t t o yo u is for t he C on s t i t u t i on o f fo u r Lo dg e s i n A m e ri ca whi ch I p ray m ay ,

b e R e gis t e re d i n t he G ran d L o dge B oo ks ; t h e m on e y w o uld h av e b e e n p aid l o n g b e fo re ,

b u t s o m e u n fore s e e n acc id e n t s p re v e n t e d I t will b e s e e n t h at n o e xpl an at i on is re ally

.

giv e n w it h re gard t o t h e d e l ay i n re mi t t i n g t o E n gl an d fe e s whi ch on t he w ri t e r s o w n ,

’

sh o w in g had b e e n i n arre ar fro m 1 7 50 V i rt u ally i n d e e d i t w as t h e fi rs t re t urn m ad e

,
.
, ,

by t he P ro v Gran d L o dge sin ce 1 7 3 3 ; bu t Pri ce e xpre ss e s a h op e t h at t he s aid L o dge s

.
“

w ill n o t b e d e n i e d t h e ir R an k accordi n g t o t h e Tim e o f t h e i r C on s t it ut i o n n o t w i t hs t an di n g

, ,

t h e ab o v e Omissi on ; an d for p art i c ul ars t he G ran d M as t e r is re fe rre d t o t he L e t t e r from

“

t he G ran d C o mmi t t e e o f t he G ran d Lo dg e h e re , which g o e s by t h e s am e h an d t h at p re s e n t s

t his t o yo u .

Pri ce t h e n goe s on t o say t h at s e v e ral o t h e r L od ge s h av e b e e n C o n st i t u t e d by t he G ran d

L o dg e h e re i n diffe re n t p art s of A m e ri ca w ho h av e n ot ye t Tran smit t e d t o us t h e S t at e d ,

F e e s for t h e ir C o n s t it u t i on P aym e n t h o w e v e r w as p ro mi se d o n t h e am o u n t s b e in g
.
, ,

re ce iv e d , so t h at su ch Lo dg e s m igh t li ke w is e b e R e gist e re d H e n e x t re c i t e s t he
“
.

o ft —t o ld t al e o f his h avin g b e e n app o in t e d Pro v G M o f N e w E n gl an d by L ord M on t ac ut e . . .

i n 1 7 3 3 an d t h at i n t h e y e ar 1 7 3 5 [ 1 7 3 4] his co mmissi o n w as e x t e n d e d o v e r all N ort h

,

A m e ri ca by L ord C rau ford On in qu iry h ow e v e r h e fou n d t h at

. s aid D e pu t at i on s w e re
, ,
“

n e v e r R e gis t e re d t h o ugh [ he hims e l f] p aid t h re e G u in e as t h e re for t o Th o m as B at s o n E sq r t h e n

, , .
,

D e p u t y Gran d M as t e r w ho w it h t he G ran d Ward e n s t h e n i n b e i n g sign e d [his] s aid D e put at i o n

, , , .

H e t h e n p ro ce e ds w it h t he cl aim t h at his o w n p at e n t w as t he firs t e ve r issu e d t o an y p art o f

“
.

A m e ric a — h e re as w e se e pl ai n ly ign o ri n g t he e arlie r app o in t m e n t of D an ie l C o x e as

, , ,

o ffi c i ally s t at e d i n t he e dit io n s o f t h e C o n s t i t u t i o n s fo r 1 7 3 8 1 7 56,an d 1 7 67 S o he con , .

,

t in u e s ,
w o uld submit i t t o y o ur Wisd o m an d Jus t ic e w h e t h e r s aid D e pu t at ion s sh o uld n o t b e
R e gist e re d i n t h e ir p ro p e r Pl ace w it h o u t an y furt h e r C on sid e rat ion t h e re fo r an d t he G ran d
, ,

L o dge h e re h av e R an k ac cordin g t o D at e as i t has (by Virt u e o f s aid D e p u t at ion s) b e e n t he

,

fou n d at i on o f M as o n ry i n A m e rica an d I [H e n ry Pri ce ] t h e F o un de r , The l e t t e r co n clud e s .

w it h t h e foll o w in g

— R1 Worship ful ,
I h e re w it h s e n d you an A t t e st e d C o py of my s aid D e pu t at i o n i n
 /I A S ON R Y I N
F R E E Il TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

t heG ran d Lo dg e B ook o f t his Place , un d e r t he H an d of o u r G ran d S e cre t ary wh o s e S ig n at ure ,

you m ay d e p e n d up o n as g e n ui n e . H . P .

The py o f t his e pist l e i n t he B o s t o n Re c ords c on t ain s t w o miss t at e me n t s whi ch h ave

co , ,

b e e n mu ch c ri t i c is e d — o n e t he n am e (Mon t ac u t e ) wron gly assig n e d by Pri c e t o Lord , ,

Mo n t agu e ; an d t h e ot h e r his ass e rt i o n w i t h re g ard t o t he e x t e n si on o f his p o w e rs i n 1 7 3 5 , ,

.

Bu t t he fi rs t is e asily e xpl ai n e d on t he supp o si t i o n t h at his cl e rk (or am an u e n sis) must h ave

follo w e d t h e sp e lli n g giv e n by E n t i ck ( C on s t i t u t i on s an d b ot h are t o a g re at e x t e n t ,

n e u t ralis e d by t he fac t t h at t h e p e t i t i o n w hi c h acco mp an i e d t he l e t t e r s t at e s t h e n am e o f

L ord Mo n t agu e corre c t ly an d d at e s t he e x t e n si on o f p o w e rs at ,

Bu t t he l e t t e r h as o t h e r fe at ure s w hi c h d e m an d o u r at t e n t i on I t is for i n s t an c e a c u riou s .

, ,

c i rc ums t an ce t h at t he at t e st e d co py o f Pri ce s d e pu t at i o n w as m ad e fro m a t ranscri pt an d n o t

’

fro m t he o rigi n al ; w hil e t he alle g e d p aym e n t t o D G M B at s o n s t an ds i n n e e d o f s om e . . .

furt h e r e xpl an at i o n as i t is d o ub t fu l w h e t h e r an y fe e was p aid at t h at t im e by a P ro v G M

,
. . .

for his d e pu t at i o n an d t h e su m o f t h re e g u i n e as d oe s n o t re p re s e n t t h e ordin ary am ou n t

,

w hic h h e was re qui re d t o co n t ribu t e at a s u bs e qu e n t p e ri o d .

Willi am J acks on who t o ok t he p e t it ion an d l e t t e r t o E n gl an d carri e d als o w it h him a

, ,

re co mm e n d at ion fro m t h e G ran d L o dg e i n B o s t o n d at e d J an u ary 2 2 1 7 68 — sig n e d by H e n ry , ,

Pri ce G M an d his G ran d W ard e n s— t o t h e i r Mo t h e r L o dg e i n E n glan d

,
. .
, H e re t urn e d “
.

t o B o s t on w i t h a d e p u t at io n fo r J oh n R o we w ho is s t yle d P ro vi n c i al G ran d M ast e r for all ,

N ort h A m e ri ca an d t h e Te rri t ori e s t h e re un t o b e l o n gin g w h e re n o o t h e r P ro vi n ci al G ran d

, ,

M ast e r is i n b e i n g issu e d by ord e r o f t he D uk e o f B e aufort G M an d d at e d M ay 1 2 1 7 68

, ,
. .
, ,
.

We are t old t h at t h e D e p u t at io n o f R ow e con t ain s a c o mpl e t e an d t h oro ugh vi n dicat io n

“

? ”
o f P ri c e I t re c it e s t h at h e w as c on s t i t u t e d P ro v i n c i al G ran d M as t e r for N ort h A m e ri ca
by V is co u n t M on t agu e A p ril 1 3 1 7 3 3 an d t h at H e R e sig n i n g R e co mm e n ds J oh n R o w e
, , , ,
.

F ro m t his accordin g t o t he s am e co mm e n t at or t h e re is n o app e al ; b u t pu t t in g asid e t he

, ,

n o t ori o us fac t t h at t h e his t ori c al v alu e o f re c i t als i n M as o ni c c h art e rs is v e ry m u c h i n k e e p

i n g w i t h t h at o f t h e p re ambl e s Of an c i e n t s t at u t e s 3 t h e misst at e m e n t s w it h re gard t o l ocali t y , ,

d at e an d t h e re sign at ion o f P rice s e e m t o m e t o carry w i t h t h e m t h e i r o wn co n d e m n at ion

, ,
.

J oh n R ow e o u t liv e d H e n ry Pri ce — w ho di e d i n 1 7 8 0— an d con t in u e d t o h old t h e Offi ce of

Pro v G M u n t il his o w n d e ce as e i n 1 7 8 7 Bu t fro m ab o u t t h e d at e o f t he f arm e r s app o i n t
. . . .
’

m e n t u n t il 1 8 04 t he n am e o f t he latt er was an n u ally sh ow n i n t h e C ale n d ar of t h e Gran d

,

1 An ot h
py f t h l t t is p s v d i t h
e r co hiv s f t h G d L dge f E gl d I t his t h m f
o e e er re e r e n e arc e o e ran o o n an . n e na e o

L dMor is t g
t ly sp l t whil t h w ds s ib d t
on a u e P i w it h g d t his G d L dg
corre c e t h t it h d
, e e or a cr e o r ce re ar o ran o e are , a a

b een th F
“
d ti s f M s y i Am i
e ou n F a igi l l t t s f m H y P i t t h G d S t y f
on o a on r n e r ca . ou r o r na e er ro e nr r ce o e ran e c re ar o

E gl d
n an i th s m arest dy Th s n d t d J 3 d D m b 2 0 1 7 69 d J
e a e cu y 2 9 d M y 1 6 1 770
o . e e are a e un e an e ce er , , an an nar an a , .

Th e l t t fJ
e 3 1 7 69 is i d pli t
er o E
u neh f t h t h s is d s d L f m t h P G M f A m i
, , n Wit h
u ca e . ac o e o er en or e
“
r. ro e . . . or e r ca .

on e u n im p t t x pt i (D m b 2 0
or an pi s f t h l t t s giv by G d
e ce on I v y s Pi s w
e ce er , co e o e e er are en ar n e r. n e er ca e r ce
’
o n

h d w it i g is lim i t d t his sign t

an r n e o a u re .

G d
51
p 53 —i ar n e r, vi w f wh s A dd ss h w v M J b N t bs v s— Th p t i t i f
. n a re e o o e
“
re ,
”
o e e r, r aco or on o er e
“
e e on or

t h F i s t L dg f B st st t d t h t P i s d p t t i w d t d A p il 1 3 1 7 3 2 d i t h y f M s y 573 2 ’
e r o e o o on a e a r ce e u a on as a e r , , an n e e ar o a on r ,

b t b th d t s w
u o lt d s v l y s ft w ds i t 1 7 3 3 d 57 3 3 ( F m s
a e e re a e re l 1 8 72 p
e e ra Th fi l e ar a er ar n o an re e a on , v o . v .
, , . e na

3 i h s
n eac t i ly pp ca e s —f m f i m i l f t h p t it i —t h v b
ce r a n aigi lly 2 A m t iv f t h
e ar ro a acs e o e e on o a e een or na a . s a o e or e

a l t t i t h t dy di v y by P i f t h f t t h t Visc u t M t g
e ra on , e ar ly b c m G d M st
sco e r th i r ce o e ac a o n on a u e on e a e ran a e r on e n ne

t
ee n t h d y f A p il 1 7 3 2 h
a ob s gg s t d ? r ,
as een u e e

Cf C h ps VI L p 3 7 3 ; XIX p 43 9
3
. a .
, . .
, . .

VOL I I I . .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

Lo dge o f E n glan d as Pro v i n c i al G M for N o rth A m e ri ca Why i t w as p e rsist e n t ly k e p t

“
. . .

t h e re t h rough o u t t his l on g p e ri o d — an d t h e re is dis t i n ct e vid e n ce t h at i n 1 7 9 2 i f n o t b e fore , ,

t h e G ran d S e cre t ary i n L o n d on w as in fo rm e d o f Pri c e s d e at h— is i n my Opi n i o n on ly an ot h e r

’

, ,

e x ampl e o f t h e g ro ss care l e ss n e ss o f t h e e x e c u t iv e o f t h e G ran d L o dg e o f E n gl an d w i t h re gard

t o t h e fore ig n an d C o l o n i al L o dg e s o n t he roll Of t h at b o dy The e xpl an at ion giv e n by .

G ard n e r is t h at t h e G ran d Offi ce rs d e sirous o f re p airin g t he i nj ury w hic h h ad b e e n don e t o

, ,
“

t he fam e o f H e n ry Pri ce pu rp o s e ly re t ai n e d his n am e up on t h e Offi c i al C al e n d ar fo r t hirt y six

,
-

y e ars a p e ri o d o f t im e e qu al t o t h at w hi ch had e l aps e d fro m t he t im e o f his app o in t m e n t i n

,

1 7 3 3 t o t h e d at e o f his re co gn it i o n i n 1 7 68 I
”

This far fe t ch e d s ch e m e o f re p arat i o n n e e d n o t b e s e ri o usly dis cuss e d

- I t w ill b e w is e r t o .

b al an ce o n e e rror o f t h e G ran d L o dge publi cat i on s agai n st t he o t h e r F ro m t his w e m ay .

s afe ly arriv e at t h e con clusi o n t h at t h e o missi on o f Pri ce s n am e i n t h e C o n s t i t ut i on s o f 1 7 3 8 ,

’

1 7 56 an d 1 7 67 is o f n o gre at e r hist ori cal v alu e t h an i t s i n s e rt i on i n t he C al e n d ars o f

, ,

1 7 7 0- 1 8 04 .

It m ai n s t o b e s t at e d t h at R o w e s n am e d oe s n o t app e ar i n an y E n glish C al e n d ar as ’
re

P ro v G M als o t h at t h e re are n o co mmu n i cat i on s i n t he archi v e s at B o st o n addre ss e d t o him

. . .
,

i n su c h c ap ac i t y .

’
I n re ply t o Pri c e s l e t t e r o f J an u ary 2 7 1 7 68 G ran d S e cre t ary F re n c h w rot e a l on g , ,

l e t t e r d at e d N o v e mb e r 2 9 i n t h e s am e y e ar F re n ch su cce e d e d S amu e l S p e n ce r w h o s e
, , . ,

pro t ract e d illn e ss w as t h e cause o f t he d e l ay The Gran d S e cre t ary con s e n t e d t o re gist e r t he .

fo u r Lo d g e s as d e sire d b u t re qu e s t e d t h at i n fut ure an acco u n t migh t b e fo rw ard e d imm e

,

d iat e ly o f e v e ry L o dg e wh e n con s t i t u t e d as o t h e rw is e i t cou ld n ot b e e xp e ct e d t h at t h e y

, ,

sh o uld ran k i n t h e i r ord e r o f p re c e d e n cy Why Price s n am e w as n o t t o b e fou n d i n t he .

’

list o f Prov G M s h e e xpre ss e d hims e lf u n abl e t o e xplai n b u t his l e t t e r go e s o n t o st at e

. . .
’

, ,

Th e s e mist ak e s migh t h ave b e e n l on g si n c e re c t ifi e d i f you h ad k e p t up accordin g t o you r , ,

Ch art e r a re gular an n u al co rre sp on d e n ce wit h t he G ran d L o dg e H o w e v e r as i t app e ars by

, .
,

so m e l o o s e p ap e rs 1 i n my p o ss e ssion t h at you had re sign e d i n fav o u r o f J o h n Row e [t he ,

G ran d M ast e r] d e si re s yo u w ill forward a l e t t e r t o m e re lat in g t o t his p o i n t pe r first o ppor ,

t u n i t y t h at t h e P ro vi n c i alship m ay b e p ro p e rly s e t t l e d wit h an acco u n t o f t h e d at e o f hi s

, ,

w arran t N O d e p u t at i o n whi ch h as b e e n g ran t e d S i n ce y o u r app o i n t m e n t fo r an y p art o f

.

rhu e ri c a c an affe c t yo u as t h e i r au t h o ri t y can o n ly e x t e n d o v e r t h o s e p ro vin c e s w h e re n o

, ,

o t h e r P ro vi n ci al G ran d M as t e r is app o i n t e d H e re w e fi n d F re n ch aski n g for t h e d at e o f .

R o w e s p at e n t e vid e n t ly n o t b e i n g aw are o f i t s h a vi n g b e e n sign e d e arli e r i n t h e sam e

’

y e ar by his pre d e ce ss o r (d e ce as e d ) This sh ow s w h at lit t le i n t e re st w as t ak e n at t hat t ime .

i n M as on ry b e y on d t he s e as The G ran d S e cre t ary als o i n forms P ri ce t h at n o d e pu t at io n .

gran t e d si n ce his o wn co uld aff e ct his s t at us This ass e rt i on w as simply ridi c ulo us . ,

1
A py f t his l t t is t b f d i t h M S v l m f
co o ds (p
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er l dy f d I
o e oun n e . o u e o re cor . o c a e a re a re e rre . n

t h s m b k (p 3 )
e a e t h f ll w i g
oo i s t i s i t h h d w it i g f G d S t y F h
. are e o o n cu r ou en re n e an r n o ran e cre ar re n c

N B —Th D p t t i
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e u a on o ro r. . r ce as n e e r co e o an , u a on o er oo e a er a e oun

t h f ll wi g m m
e o o d m n e oran u[S ig d] T11 0 F E N CH
. ne 5
. R .

V is t M t g G M
co u n on a ue , . .

H y P i E q P G M f ll N t h A m i
e nr r ce , d th t it i s t h
s . t b l gi g D t d A p il 1 3 t h
, . . . or a or e r ca an e e rr or e e re u n o e on n ,
a e r ,

1 7 3 3 d si
, th f v
e t re sig his P vi i lship i f v
e a ou r fJ h R w E q t b P vi i l G M
o re v N th n ro nc a n a ou r o o n o e, s .
, o e ro nc a . . o er or

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nc a a o n e .
,
. .

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e re n n re co en o n o e , s . e e re o re o e re con
 F A E E M A S ON R Y I N
’
TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

F e b ru ary 7 an d A u gus t 4 G ridl e y w it h

of t h at y e ar u n d e r t h e p re sid e n cy of R i ch ard ,

J oh n Cu t l e r (a fo rm e g d r ra n o ffi ce r
1
) as S G W T h e lat t e r— aft e r w h o s e n am e agai n app e ar . .

t h e l e t t e rs —t o o k t he c hai r as G ran d M ast e r on J u ly 2 9 1 7 9 0 w h e n a G ran d , ,

L o dge was h e ld for t h e Ch oi ce o f n e w G Offi c e rs an d a G ran d J u n i or Ward e n Tre asure r .

, , ,

an d S e cre t ary w e re e l e c t e d F urt h e r m e e t i n gs t o o k place N o v e mb e r 2 5 1 7 9 1 J an u ary 1 3 .

, , ,

an d M arc h 2 an d 5 1 7 9 2 at all o f w hi ch Cu t l e r p re sid e d an d on t h e l as t o ccasi on is d e s crib e d

, , ,

as D GM . This d at e — M arc h 5— is t h at o f t h e Un i o n o f t he t wo G ran d Lo d g e s i n B o s t on

. .
,

t he i n i t i at ive w i t h re gard t o w hi ch w as t ak e n by t he ju n i or b o dy i n 1 7 8 7 t h o ugh n ot hin g cam e ,

o f i t u n t il 1 7 9 2 w h e n s e v e n e l e c t o rs fro m e ach o f t h e G ran d L o dg e s u n d e r t he ch ai rm an ship

, ,

o f P aul R e v e re D G M o f t h e y o u n g e r S oc i e t y m ad e c h o i ce o f J o h n Cu t l e r as t h e fi rs t G ran d
,
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,

M as t e r of t h e Gran d L o dge o f F re e an d A cce pt e d M as on s for t he C o mm on we al t h o f

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M ass achus e t t s 1 .

The follo w i n g A m e ri can L o dge s w e re place d o n t he E n glish R e gist e r an d w i t h o u t e xce p ,

t i on co n t i n u e d t o fig u re an n u ally i n t h e o ffi c i al lis t s u n t il 1 8 1 3 The fi rs t dat e i n e ac h c as e .

is t h at fro m w hi ch t he Lo dg e w as all o w e d t o ran k b u t t he s e con d d e n ot e s t he act u al ye ar o f ,

i t s origin al app e aran ce i n t h e publish e d C al e n d ar .

LODGE S ON THE R OLL OF THE G R AND L ODGE or E N G AND, L 1 7 3 3- 8 9 .

No
J h B s t M ss h s tt s L dg B st M ss h s t t s
.

1 41 , 2 d
’
St o n s, o on , a ac u e ,
o e, o on , a ac u e 9,

S l m
o o s S v h G gion
’

,
a an n a ,
e or a, 1 42 , M bl h d L dg M ss h s t t s
ar e ea o e, a ac u e ,

R y l E x h g N f lk V i gi i
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r n a, 1 43, N wH v e C ti t
a en, o nn e c cu ,

Sw Y k t w Vi gi i
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e n ce o e , o e an ,

Wil m i g t N th C lin on , or aro n a, 448 , Zi L dg D t i t [ M i h ig ]

on o e, e ro c an
3

P i G g Wi y w S C
r n ce e or e , n a , . .
,
457 , Willi m sb g L dg V i gi i
a ur o e, r n a,

U i Ch l s t
n on, S C ar e on , . 458 , Bt t t L dg
o e ou r o e,

M st s L dg C h l s t
a er S C o e, ar e on , . .
, 465, U it y S v
n h G gi
, a an n a , e or a,

P t R y l L dg B f t S C
or o a o e, e au or , . .
, 48 1 , G di s
re n a er ,

S l m s Ch l s t S C U i D t i t [M i h ig ]
’
o o on , ar e on , . .
, 48 8 , n on , e ro c an ,

St J h N 2 N w Y k Af i L dg B st M ss h s t t s
’
o n s, o. ,
e or , 459 , r can o e, o on , a ac u e ,

S t M k s L dg r St J h
’

[ M i hi g ]
’
ar o e 465, O n s c an ,

J pp L dg M yl d
o a o e, ar an , F t Willi m H y [N Y ]
or a e nr . .

Whi t H t H li f x N C
e ar , a a , . .
, 52 0, N w Os w g t hi [ N Y
e e a c e .

R e t urnin g t o P e n n sylvan i a i t has b e e n alre ady sh o wn t h at t his w as t h e firs t o f the ,

A m e ri can S t at e s i n w hi ch a s t at io n ary L o d g e w as e s t ablish e d by t h e A n c ie n t s o r S chism at i c s .

We h av e als o se e n h ow t he Olde r syst e m o f Mas on ry was co mple t e ly swe p t away i n t his p art

1 1 7 67 ; 1 77 1 .

s m w k s q t d m y t h i t i s f t h sk t h f M s y i P sylv i h v ls b
The a e or uo e s d i th
as au or e or e e c o a on r n enn
'

an a, a e a o e en u e n e

s t i j st
ec on u l d d I ddi t i I h v
con c u s lt d t h P k t C mp i s (L d
e . d D bli ) 1 7 3 5 ; E G
n a on a e con u e e oc e o an on on on an u n , . .

St E ly R
ore r, ar ds f F m s y i C t i t 1 8 59 ; W S G d
e cor A dd ss p
o H y P i 1 8 72 ; N w
re e a onr n o nn e c cu , . . ar n e r, re u on enr r ce , e

E gl d F
n an m s l i 1 8 7 4 pp 57 2 8 1 3 1 2 3 8 0 ; P
re e a on , G L M svo 1 8 8 3 pp 1 50 1 9 3 ;
. .
,d t h B st , .
, , , ro c. . . a s , , .
- an e o on

Re co rds 1 8 8 6 Th gh t t h m i d f t h h p t t h w ks l dy i t d m st ls b g d d m y
,
. rou ou e re a n er o e c a e r, e or a re a c e ,
u a o e re ar e as

au t h it i s
or i e d t v id m l t ipli i t y f f
, as n or e r s b k u t h will b i t d f th
o a o d t im i a u c o re e re n ce , no oo or a or e c e or e se con e n a

t
no e ,
l ss t h is s m sp i l s f
un e di g
e re o e ec a re a on or so o n .

3
Th t i t y f m i g t h p s t S t t f M i hig w t i d ( p t f C d ) by G t B i t i ft t h
e er
r or or n e re en a e o c an as re a ne as a ar o an a a re a r a n a er e

W fI d p d
ar o n d i 1 7 9 6 d d t t h U it d S t t s
e en e n c e , an n ce e o e n e a e .

Th l
1
‘
lit i s i w hi h N 51 7 d 52 0 W
e oca e igi lly st i t t d ly s d t b C di t i t y b t
n c os. an e re or na co n u e ,
on ce a e o e an a an e rr or a ou

th y
e 1 79 6
e ar .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

Of t he by t h e pre fe re n c e ac co rd e d t o t h e Lo dge s w orkin g f ou r d e gre e s

con t n e n t i The G ran d .

Lo dg e Of Pe n n sylvan i a act i n g by vi rt u e o f a w arran t fro m t he [S chism at i c] G ran d L o d ge Of

,

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E n gl an d w as c l o s e d for e ve r S e p t e mb e r 2 5 1 7 8 6 an d o n t h e fo ll o w i n g d ay
, at a G ran d
, , , ,

C on v e n t i on Of t hi rt e e n L o d g e s w as e s t abli she d as an i n d e p e n d e n t G ran d L o dg e , .

The an n e x e d t able giv e s a lis t o f t h e L o d ge s form e d i n t he Un i t e d S t at e s by w arran t s fro m

t he B ri t ish I sl an ds o t h e r t h an t h o s e issu e d by t he o rigi n al G L o f E n gl an d A s o li t ary L o d g e
, . . .
,

form e d i n V irgi n i a by t he G O o f F ran c e h as als o b e e n i n c lud e d .

, .

L OD GE S or E UR OPE AN OR I GI N , E X CLUD I N G TH OS E UNDE R TH E GL . . or E N GLAND .

l

B st (S t A d s) Ma ss s F l id
Ea t
’
o on n re w ,
or a

Bl d f d
an or ,
B st o on,

F re d e ri ck sbu rgh , Phil d lphi a e a (S t J b s)

o u
’

Ta pp h a k an n o c , Ch l s t ar e on ,

Phil d lphi
a e a, F lm t h a ou ,

C h l star e(U i Klw

on n on ng ) , N w Y k e or ,

Phil d lphi ( P G L
a e a . . .

Ch l s tar e on ,

N wY k
e or ,

N f lk ( S t J h )
or o o n ,

I sh all n owm ai n d e r Of t h e t hi rt e e n or o rigin al S t at e s Of t he Un i on t akin g

p ass t o t he re ,

t h e m i n t he ord e r Of t h e i r con n e ct i o n w i t h F re e m as on ry The s t at is t i c s Of all t he A m e ri can .

Gran d L odg e s so far as t h e s e can b e con v e n i e n t ly group e d i t m ay b e Obs e rve d w ill b e fo u n d

, , ,

at t h e c l o s e o f t h e ch ap t e r .

N E W Y OR K— Th e fi rs t Provi n c i al G M was D an i e l C o x e aft e r w h o m cam e R i ch ard . .

R iggs 1 7 3 7 ; F ran c is Goe le t 1 7 51 ; G e o rge H arris o n 1 7 53 an d S i r J oh n J o h n s o n 1 7 67 The

, , , , .

e arli e s t L o dg e of w hi ch an y re cord h as b e e n p re s e rv e d w as i n fu ll w orki n g o rd e r an d h ad ,

pro b ably e xist e d for s om e t im e o n J an u ary 2 4 1 7 3 8 D u rin g his l o n g admi n is t rat io n

, , .

H arris o n w arran t e d at l e as t e l e ve n L o dg e s an d fi ve o t h e rs m e e t in g at N e w Y o rk Ci t y are , , ,

als o supp o s e d t o h av e b e e n con s t i t u t e d by him S i r J o h n J o h n s on w h o w as n ot i n s t all e d .

,

u n t il 1 7 7 1 app o i n t e d D r P e t e r Middl e t on his

,
an d t h e au t h o ri t y Of t h e lat t e r c on

A Lo dg e at S ch e n e ct ady S t J o hn s R e gim e n t al an d Mi li t ary Un i on

’
t in n e d durin g t h e w ar .
, , ,

w e re w arran t e d by t he l as t n am e d Pro v G M or his D e p u t y -

. . . .

The m ilit ary o cc up at i on Of N e w Y ork by t h e B ri t ish i n 1 7 7 6 an d t he e re ct ion Of a ,

M as on i c Provi n ce by t h e A n ci e n t s i n 1 7 8 1 has alre ady b e e n re lat e d A ft e r t he w ar t h e , .

b o dy so e s t ablish e d ab an d on e d i t s p rovi n ci al ch arac t e r an d assum e d t h e t i t le o f G ran d Lo dge ,

Of N e w Y ork Th e G ran d Ch e qu e Word is m e n t i o n e d i n t h e p ro ce e di n gs of D e ce mb e r 3

.
“
,

1 7 9 4 as h avi n g
,
co n t i n u e d i n u se fo r a l o n g e r t im e t h an w as at fi rs t i n t e n d e d an d i t w as ,

re s o lv e d t o ch an ge i t I n 1 8 2 3 t h e re was a s chism b u t t he t w o G ran d Lo d g e s un i t e d i n

.
,

1
A n te , p . 41 0 . The fi st t y i r h li giv s t h l li t y ft whi h ( wh k w ) t h m
en r n e ac ne e e o ca , a er c en no n e na e of t he L d g is o e

sh o wn i hi
w t n a p are n t h sis
e Wi t h t h bb vi t i s s d t dis t i g ish t h v i s S t t s A m i
. e a re a on u e o n u e ar o u a e e r can re a e r d s will b e

ii
fam l ar, bu t for t h e i f m t i f t h s i t m y b s t t d t h t M ss d t s M
n or a on o o er ,
h tt ; V
a e a e , a a . e no e assac u se s a .
, Vi rgi n ia ; Pa .

P e n nsylvan i a ; S C . .
, S ou t h Caroli n a ; N Y . .
,
N e w York ; F la F lori d a ; an d Md .
, M a ryla nd . Th e l e tte r s pl d ace

b e t we e n t he n um b s
L dg s d t h d t s f t h i erst i t t i p s t i t h l st h p t
of t he o e an e a e o e r co n u o n re re e n ,
as n e a c a e r, t he di ff t e re n

s o urce s f igi
o Th is ly
or ddi t i t t h p vi s list viz F whi h h sig ifi s G
n. e re on one a on o e re ou ,
.
,
“
r .
, c e re n e ran d Ori en t of

F ran ce , by whi h b dy L dg w s t blish d i P t sm t h V i gi i i 1 7 8 5

c o a o e as e a e n or ou ,
r n a, n .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E RI CA .

18 2 7 A fe wye ars l at e r h o w e v e r furt h e r diss e n si on s o ccu rre d an d t he S t J o h n s G ran d “ ’

.
, , ,

Lo d g e was e s t ablish e d S e p t e mb e r 1 1 1 8 3 7 I n 1 8 48 a law w as p ass e d by t h e G L o f N e w

, . . .

Y o rk d e p rivi n g P as t M as t e rs— e x ce p t e ach im me di at e P M — Of t h e ir v ot e s This was “

. . .

re p e al e d i n a highly i rre gul ar fashi on i n March 1 8 4 9 an d o n Ju n e 5 fo ll o w i n g t h e G M , , . .

Will ard— d e cl arin g t h e law o f 1 8 4 8 t o be a p art Of t h e c on st it ut io n on t h e m o t io n o f t h e ,

ac t i n g J G W — I s aac Philips— an d amid g re at up ro ar a P ro visi o n al G ran d M ast e r an d o t h e r

. .
,

Gran d Offi ce rs w e re e l e ct e d i n dumb sh ow A ft e r t his t h e re w e re t h re e G ran d L o d g e s an d i t .

,

w ill b e su ffi c i e n t t o s t at e t h at t w oe arli e s t i n p o in t Of d at e am alg am at e d in 1 8 50 an d w e re ,

j o i n e d by t h e Philips G ran d L o d g e i n 1 8 58 .

L o dg e Py t h ago ras Of N e w Y o rk— i n st it u t e d Ju n e 2 4 1 8 41 — at fi rs t sid e d wit h t he ,

Philips part y bu t aft e rwards j o i n e d t he Will ard G ran d L o dge h avi n g i n t he i n t e ri m

,
“
,

applie d t o t h e G L Of H amb u rg for a c h art e r w hi c h w as g ran t e d i n

. . 1 8 51 an d i n t he , ,

s am e ye ar t h e Lo dg e re t u rn e d i t s origi n al w arran t t o t h e G L Of N e w Y ork E v e n t u ally . . .

,

h o w e v e r i t re sum e d i t s Old pl ace u n d e r t h e j u risdi ct i on o f origi n an d t hus h appily

, ,

t e rmi n at e d a susp e n si o n o f i n t e rco urs e b e t we e n t h e G ran d L o dg e s o f H ambu rg an d N e w

1
Y or k. u h L g s
T wo f rt e r o d e w e re w arran t e d i n t h e s a m e w ay by t h e forme r b o dy b u t ,

h av e die d o u t or j o i n e d t he lat t e r w hi ch h as n ow o n i t s roll t w e n t y e igh t L od g e s w orki n g

,
-

i n t he G e rm an l an gu ag e w i t h a m e mb e rship o f 3 2 08 ,
.

N E W J E R S E Y — A lt h o ugh t he . e arli e s t G ran d M as t e r i n A m e ri ca re sid e d i n t his co l on y ,

t h e re is n o re cord o f a L o dg e h avi n g b e e n ch art e re d by him or Of his h avi n g p e rform e d ,

an y o ffi c i al act as t he o wn e r Of a D e pu t at i on N e i t h e r o f t h e G ran d L o dg e s o f E n gl an d .

w e re dire ct ly t h o ugh b o t h w e re i n di re ct ly re pre s e n t e d i n t his t e rri t ory

,
The fi rs t L o dge
, .

w as w arran t e d at N e w ark fro m N e w Y ork i n 1 7 61 ; an d t w o o t h e rs sp ran g up u n de r

ch art e rs fro m B o s t o n i n t h e n e x t an d fo ll o w i n g y e ars A simil ar n umb e r o f L odg e s was .

t h e n e s t ablish e d by t h e Pro v G L o dge Of P e n n sylvan ia ( A n ci e n t s) i n 1 7 67 1 7 7 9 an d

. .
, , ,

1 78 1 . The G ran d L o dg e Of N e w J e rs e y w as o rg an is e d by a co n v e n t i o n Of M as t e r M as o n s
on D e ce mb e r 1 8 1 7 8 6 an d i n t h e fo ll o w i n g y e ar— A p ril 2 — t h e L o dg e o f 1 7 67 was giv e n
, ,

t h e fi rs t pl ace o n t h e roll t h e o t h e rs b all o t i n g for t h e i r n umb e rs w hi ch re sult e d i n t he

, ,

L o dge at N e w ark d raw in g t h e N O 2 . .

G E OR GIA — The Ch arit y o f t h e S oc i e t y was s oli ci t e d i n t he G ran d L odge o f E n glan d

D e ce mb e r 3 1 1 7 3 3 — t o e n abl e t h e t rus t e e s o f t he n e w co lo n y
,
t o s e n d D is t re ss e d B re t h re n
t o G e orgia wh e re t h e y m ay b e co m fort ably p ro vid e d fo r
,
I n 1 7 3 5 a d e pu t at ion t o M r .
,

R o ge r Lacy fo r c o n s t it u t i n g a L o dg e at S avann ah w as gran t e d by Lo rd W e ym o u t h

,
This , .

— t h e se con d A m e ri can L o dge on t h e E n gli sh roll— was d o ub t l e ss t he b o dy re fe rre d t o by

Whit fi e ld i n his diary w h e re he re cords u n d e r Jun e 2 4 1 7 3 8 (S avan n ah)
,
was e n abl e d , ,

t o re ad p ray e r an d p re ach w i t h p o we r b e fore t he F re e m as o n s w it h w h o m I aft e rw ards ,

di n e d . I n all t h re e E n glish warran t s w e re issu e d for S av an n ah

,
Gre y E llio t w as ap .

p o in t e d Pro v G M by L ord A b e rd o u r ( 1 7 57
. . . an d h e w as su cce e d e d by t h e H o n N o bl e .

J on e s ab ou t t he y e ar 1 7 7 2 .

I n 1 7 8 4 a L o dge w as ch art e re d by t h e G L Of Pe n n sylvani a at S avan n ah an d o n

,
. .
,

D e ce mb e r 1 6 1 7 8 6 t h e G ran d Lo dge Of G e orgia w as o rgan is e d

, ,
Th e de t ails are w an t i n g b u t . ,

ac c ordi n g t o M ack e y S amu e l E lb e rt t he l as t P ro v G M [ wh o s e n am e I h av e e ls e wh e re

, , . . .

1
A n te , p . 2 30
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A IL
I E R I CA .

w as i n i t i at e d ; 1 b u t w i t h t h e s e e x ce p t i on s his M as o n i c re cord is a bl an k an d i t is al t o ge t h e r ,

u n k n o wn w h e t h e r o r n ot h e w as a supp o rt e r Of t he C raft i n A m e ri c a L o d ge s w e re w arran t e d .

fro m B o s t on i n 1 7 50 E n gl an d i n an d t h re e — i n 1 7 59 1 7 61 an d 1 7 63 — Of u n ce rt ai n
, , ,

origi n . Te n m o re — t h e fi rs t d at i n g fro m 1 7 66 an d t he l as t fro m 1 7 8 2 d e riv e d t h e ir , ,

e xis t e n ce fro m t h e Pro v G L o f P e n n sylv an i a A L o d ge at B al t im o re (w it h o u t d at e ) is

. . . .

sh o w n o n an I rish lis t an d i t is t radi t i o n ally ass e rt e d t h at t h e re w e re t wo o t h e rs Of fore ign

,

o rigi n — b e sid e s a L o dg e n e ar N e wm ark e t i n 1 7 7 6 The form e r are assign e d t o G e org e t o w n , .

an d N e w B re m e n w i t h t he d at e s o f 1 7 3 7 an d ( be fo re ) 1 7 8 9 re sp e ct ive ly
,
The e arli e r o f t h e s e .

— supp o s e d t o h av e b e e n co mp o s e d Of S co t t ish M as on s — is b e li e v e d t o h av e Op e n e d a bran ch

Lo dge at J Opp a i n 1 7 51 The Lo dg e at N e w B re m e n is s aid t o h av e d e riv e d i t s con s t it u t i o n
.

fro m G e rm an y R o b e rt M o lle so n w as Pro v G M u n d e r E n gl an d i n 1 7 7 6 an d H e n ry H arfo rd

. . . .
,

i n 1 7 8 3 ; b u t t h e re is n o e vid e n ce t o sh o w t h at e i t h e r Of t h e m e x e rcis e d an y au t h orit y u n d e r

t h e app oi n t m e n t .

The G ran d L o d ge o f M aryl an d w as o rg an is e d J u ly 3 1 1 7 8 3 by a c o n v e n t i o n Of fi ve , ,

L o dge s t h e re b e i n g e igh t i n t h e S t at e at t h e t im e all Of w hi ch w e re on t h e roll o f t h e G L

, ,
. .

Of P e n n syl v an i a F o u r y e ars l at e r— A pril 1 7 1 7 8 7 — act u at e d by a l au d abl e d e sire n o t t o e rr

.
, ,

b u t i f at all o n t he sid e Of c au t i o n t he s am e n umb e r o f L o d g e s ag ai n m e t i n c on ve n t i o n

, ,

an d re o rgan i se d t h e G ran d L o dg e c h oo si n g t h e s am e G ran d M as t e r an d G ran d S e cre t ary as ,

3
on t h e p re vi o us o c c asi on .

C ONNE CTI CUT —S e v e n L o dg e s w e re ch art e re d i n t his S t at e by Ox n ard an d his su cc e ss ors at

.

B o s t on — t h e fi rst i n 1 7 50 t he las t i n 1 7 7 1 ; t hre e by t he Pro v G M Of N e w Y ork—i n 1 7 62

,
. . .
,

1 7 65 an d 1 7 66 ; an d six by t h e M ass ac hus e t t s G ran d L o dge

,
A s e v e n t e e n t h Lo d ge Ki n g .
,

S o lo m on s at Wo o db u ry o f u n k n o wn re gis t ry w as i n e xis t e n ce wh e n i n pu rsu an ce Of a

’

, , , ,

re c o mm e n d at i on o f a c o mmi t t e e Of t hi rt e e n L o d g e s o f t h e S t at e h o ld e n at N e w H av e n o n ,

M arch 1 8 ,
d e l e gat e s fro m t we lv e Lo dge s m e t i n c o n v e n t i on an d form e d w h at w as ,

v i rt u ally a G ran d L o dg e t h o ugh i n li e u Of t h e usu al G ran d Offi ce rs t h e y e l e c t e d a M o d e rat or

,

an d Cl e rk Of t h e s e Lo dg e s fo u r h e ld w arran t s fro m B o s t on an d t h re e fro m N e w Y ork

.
,

u n d e r t h e Old e r s an ct i on ; fou r fro m t he M assachus e t t s G L (A n ci e n ts) an d o n e (Ki n g . .

S o l o m on s) h as l e ft b e hin d i t n o t race Of i t s origi n F ro m t his t im e i t was arran g e d t h at

’
.

G e n e ral C on v e n t ion s sh o uld b e h e ld h alf y e arly ; bu t o n J u ly 8 1 7 8 9 a Gran d L o d g e w as -

, ,

d u ly forme d w it h t h e usu al s o l e m n i t i e s t he sam e n umb e r o f L o dg e s b e in g re pre s e n t e d as i n ,

The d e l ay re ce iv e s s o m e e xplan at io n fro m t h e E arly P roce e di n gs o f t he G L Of N e w . .

Y ork t he Offi c e rs o f w hi ch b o dy w e re app o in t e d — F e b ru ary 4 1 7 8 4

,
a c ommi t t e e t o d e t e r ,

mi n e t he m o st e ligible m o d e for t h e G ran d Offi ce rs E le ct Of t h e S t at e Of C on n e ct i cut Obt ai n i n g

a G ran d War ran t fro m t h e G ran d L o dg e i n E n gl an d 5
.
”

V I RG I NI A — F ro m li s t s al re ady giv e n i n t his c h ap t e r i t w ill b e s e e n t hat fo u r L o dg e s w e re

“

.
,

e s t ablish e d by t he G L o f E n gl an d an d t w o e ach by t h e G ran d L o dg e an d L o dg e Ki l w i n n i n g

. .
,

o f S co t l an d On e L o dge re ce iv e d a c h art e r fro m B o s t o n an d t he j urisdi c t ion o f I re lan d is

.
,

1
h ps XI I p 1 0 ; XVI p 2 8 8
C a . .
, N 3 46 ft w d s ( 1 7 8 2 ) N
. 35 P yl Cf t p 41 2
.
, . .
2
O. , a er ar O. , e n ns .
’
. an e , . .

3
S h lt z p
c u im Th G L f P
, sylv i i 1 7 8 3 d bt d t h g l i t y f t h G L f M yl d b i g
ass . e . . o enn an a, n , ou e e re u ar o e . . o ar an , as e n

fo r m d wit h t
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ou gh t t h s m t i m t h y f kly f ss d t h i i bili t y t d id f m wh t
a arran , ou a e a e e e ran c on e e e r na o ec e
“
ro a

au t h it y
or w t a ld b iss d
arran cou e ue .

4
St F m s yi C
ore r, t i t pp 57 63
re e a on r n on n e c cu , .
- .

5
B k E ly H ist G L
ar e r, fN w Y k p 22
ar (If t h l st t b t
. . . o e or , . . . e a no e u on e .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

a ls o supp o s e d t o h av e b e e n re p re s e n t e d i n t h e S t at e The P ro v G L o f Pe n n sylv an i a ( A nci e n t s) . . . . .

e s t ablish e d Lo dg e s at Wi n c h e s t e r 1 7 68 ; A l e x an d ri a, 1 7 8 3 ; an d P o rt sm o u t h 1 78 4 H P , , . . .

Th orn t o n w as P ro v G M u n d e r t he o rigi n al G L o f E n gl an d ab o u t t h e y e ar 1 7 64 an d P e y t o n
. . . . .
,

R an d olph i n 1 7 7 4 I n t his S t at e i t w as c us t om ary i n t he abs e n c e o f a w arran t fro m an y G ran d

.
,

L o dg e fo r a co mp e t e n t n umb e r Of M as t e r M as o n s t o Ob t ai n a w ri t t e n au t h orit y t o ass e mbl e

, ,

w hi c h d o c um e n t Op e rat e d as t h e ir w arran t I t h as als o b e e n i n fe rre d t h at i n m an y i n s t an ce s .

t he d e gre e s o f Mas o nry w e re imp art e d t o n o n milit ary p e rs o n s i n F i e ld (or t rav e l lin g) Lo dg e s -
,

1
i d
w h o re ce ve a w a a t rr n t o c o n fe r t h e s e d e g re e s o n o t h e rs i n li e u Of a c e rt ifi c at e o f e n ro lm e n t .

The G ran d L o dge o f Vi rgi n i a w as e s t ablish e d Oc t o b e r 1 3 1 7 7 8 by a C o n v e n t i o n at w hi c h , , ,

fo u r L o dge s w e re re pre s e n t e d This assum e d h o w e v e r t he form Of a L o dg e an d t h e M as t e r

.
, , ,

an d Ward e n s o f Willi amsbu rg L o dg e p re sid e d J oh n Blair P as t M as t e r Of t he s am e L o dg e .

, ,

w as e l e ct e d G ran d M as t e r an d d u ly i n s t all e d Th e re w as an i n v asi o n o f t he j u risdi ct i on by

, .

t he G ran d Orie n t o f F ran ce i n 1 7 8 5 i n w hi c h y e ar a w arran t w as issu e d t o s o m e b re t h re n i n ,

P o rt smo u t h an d agai n i n 1 8 49 w h e n a n e w L o dg e w as e st ablish e d at R i ch m on d ; bu t o n

, ,

t h e l at t e r occasi on t h e c h art e r w as re call e d at t he re qu e s t Of t h e G L o f V i rgi n i a an d t h e . .

,

L o dg e ad vis e d t o apply fo r o n e t o t he l oc al au t h o ri t i e s w hi c h w as d o n e , .

N ORTH C A R OL I NA Lo dg e s i n t his S t at e app e ar i n t he E n glish List s o f 1 7 56 an d 1 7 67

.
-
,

an d u n d e r t h e y e ar 1 7 66 i n t h e B o s t o n R e co rds I n 1 7 67 — D e ce mb e r 3 0— Th o m as C o o p e r .

w as app o i n t e d by t he P ro v G M o f N o rt h A m e ri ca D G M Of N o rt h C aro li n a w i t h p o we r t o
. . . . . .
,

c on gre gat e t h e b re t h re n i n t o o n e o r m ore L o dg e s A y e ar o r t w o l at e r J o s e ph M o n t ford .

,

b e cam e P ro v G M u n d e r t he G L o f E n glan d an d i t is said c o n s t it u t e d S t J oh n s L o dg e at

. . . . .
, , ,
’

N e w b e rn i n 1 7 7 1 A c c ordi n g t o M ack e y t h e re w e re n i n e (an d t o an ot h e r au t h ori t y t e n 2 )

.
,

L o dge s i n t h e S t at e i n 1 7 8 7 all o f w hi ch w e re re pre s e n t e d at t h e o rgani s at i on Of t he Gran d

,

L odge o n D e c e mb e r 9 Of t h at y e ar .

D E L AWAR E — F ive Lo dge s i n t his S t at e re ce ive d w arran t s fro m P e n n sylvan ia t he fi rs t i n ,

1 7 65 an d t he l ast i n 1 8 02 Th e re w as als o i f w e m ay b e lie v e s o m e aut h o ri t i e s 3 t h e Un i o n

.
, ,

L o dg e whic h is s aid t o h av e b e e n e re ct e d by t h e G L Of S co t lan d ab o u t t he middle Of t he

, . .

l ast ce n t ury Of t his h o w e v e r t h e re is n o t rac e i n t h e Offi ci al lis t s o f t h at b o d y

.
, , F o ur .

Lo dg e s c o mbi n e d t o o rg an ise t h e G ran d L o dge on J u n e 6 1 8 06 b u t i t w as re fuse d re co g ,

n i t i o n fo r s o m e t im e by t h e G L o f P e n n sylv an i a o n t h e gro u n d t h at l e ss t h an fi ve L o dge s

. .

h avi n g b e e n re p re s e n t e d t he bre t h re n had n o t fo rm e d t h e mse lv e s i n t h at re gul ar way p o i n t e d

o u t by t he an c i e n t C on s t i t u t i o n s .

The m ai n i n g S t at e s an d t he t e rrit ori e s Of t h e Un ion w ill n o w b e n ot i ce d ac c ordi n g t o t he

re

o rd e r i n w hi c h G ran d L o dge s h av e b e e n e st abli sh e d i n t h e m an d aft e r t h e y h av e al l be e n ,

p ass e d i n re v i e w a t able w ill b e giv e n sh o w in g t he n umb e r o f L o dg e s an d t he aggre gat e Of

,

m e mb e rs ( o r M as t e r M as on s) u n d e r t h e s e ve ral j u risdi ct io n s .

VE R M ON T — L o dge s w e re e s t ablish e d i n t his S t at e by t h e

,
.

M ass achus e t t s G L i n 1 7 8 1
“
. .

an d 1 7 8 5 t h e fi rs t o f w hi ch w as au t h oris e d t o me e t at C orn ish V e rmo n t bu t app e ars t o h av e

, , ,

b e e n he ld at Ch arle st o w n N e w H ampshire F or a p e ri o d Of fo u r y e ars e n di n g i n F e bru ary

, .
,

1 7 8 2 b o t h sid e s Of t he C o n n e ct i cu t riv e r w e re t o s o me e xt e n t co mm o n t e rri t ory bu t afte r t h at

,

dat e wh e n t he b o u n dari e s w e re b e t t e r d e fi n e d t h e Lo dg e n rov e d t o Wi n ds or V e rm o n t an d

, , , ,

1
Da ve, His t G . . L
.
,
V i rgi n i a , and V i gi i
r n a Te xt Bo o k . Of . a n te
,
pp . 41 6, 448 , 4 54 .

9
Pr oc . GL . , I ili u ms 18 84 .
3
Cf . M aco y , Ma s ni
o c D i re c t o r y .

VOL, I I I .
 F R E E M A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

t o o k t he n am e Of L o dge was e re c t e d by S i r J o h n J o h n s o n
V e rm o n t Lo dge , NO I . . The t hi rd ,

P ro v G M Lo we r C an ad a w h o g ran t e d a warran t t o Th o m as Chi t t e n d e n G o v e rn o r Of t h e

. . .
, ,

S t at e an d o t h e rs i n 1 7 9 1
,
This is a li tt l e re m ark abl e as sh o w i n g t h at n e i t h e r t h e P ro vi n c i al
.

G M Of a p art o f C an ad a (an d w ho had h e ld a si m ilar p o sit io n i n N e w Y o rk ) o r t he Chi e f

. .
,

M agis t rat e o f an A m e rican co m m on we alt h t h e n b e li e v e d t h at t he War Of I n d e p e n d e n c e h ad ,

s e v e re d t he M as on i c c o n n e c t i o n b e t we e n t he p are n t p o w e r an d t h e n e wly cre at e d S t at e s o n

t h e n o rt h e rn co n t i n e n t Tw o fu rt h e r L o dg e s we re e s t ablish e d by t he G L o f C o n n e ct ic u t i n
. . .

1 793 an d 179 4 .

The p re s e n t at ive s Of t h e s e fi v e L o dg e s m e t i n C o n v e n t i o n Oct o b e r 1 0 ; a G ran d Lo dge

re ,

w as o rgan i s e d Oc t o b e r 1 4 an d t h at b o dy d u ly h e ld a m e e t i n g Oc t ob e r 1 5 1 7 9 4 I n no , , .

S t at e o f t he Un i o n did t he an t i M as o n ic p art y as a p o li t i c al p o we r e x e rc is e so mu c h i n flu e n ce -

, ,

as i t did i n Ve rm o n t The G ran d L o dge w as co m pe lle d t o s u s pe n d i t s l ab o u rs i n 1 8 3 3 (o r

.

an d all t he Lo dg e s u n d e r i t s j u risdi c t i o n su rre n d e re d t h e i r c h art e rs The G ran d L o dg e .

re s u m e d w o rk i n

K E NT UCKY — F ive L o dg e s w e re e s t ablish e d u n d e r w arran t s fro m t h e G L Of V i rgin ia t h e

. . .
,

e arli e s t o f w hi c h — e re ct e d i n 1 7 8 8 — w as t h e fi rs t L o dge i n s t i t u t e d w e s t o f t he A lle gh an y

M o u n t ai n s Th e s e L o dg e s m e t i n C o n v e n t i o n an d —Oc t o b e r 1 6 1 8 00— organ is e d t h e G ran d

‘

.
, ,

L o dg e by whi ch b o dy w arran t s we re sh o rt ly aft e r iss u e d fo r p art s o f Te n n e ss e e Mississippi

, , ,

I n dian a Ohi o an d Miss o u ri 2 , ,

OH I O A m e ri can Un io n m e t fo r t h e l as t t i m e as an A rm y Lo dg e A p ril 2 3 1 7 8 3 an d
.
, , ,

w as ord e re d t o s t an d c l o s e d u n t il t he W M as t e r sh o uld cal l t h e m t o ge t h e r 3 This o cc u rre d

“ ”
. .

i n 1 7 9 0 w h e n a co l on y fro m N e w E n gl an d h avi n g b e co m e e s t ablish e d n o rt h w e s t Of t he Ohi o

,
-
,

t h e Lo dg e w as re o p e n e d at Marie t t a by J o n at h an H e art t h e M as t e r w it h B e nj am i n Tu pp e r an d , ,

R ufus P u t n am Offi c iat in g as Ward e n s 4 I n t h e s am e y e ar N o va C ae s are a w as c h art e re d at .

Cin c in n at i by t h e G L Of N e w J e rs e y ; bu t t h e w arran t w hi ch w as n o t re ce i ve d u n t il 1 7 9 5
. .
, ,

w as re t u rn e d i n a s o m e w h at i rre g u l ar m an n e r i n 1 8 05 an d s o m e o f t h e n re m be rs o b t ai n e d i n ,

li e u t h e re o f an au t h o ris at i o n t o m e e t as t he Ci n c i n n at i L o dg e N O 1 3 fro m t he G L o f “
, .
, _
. .

K e n t u cky Th e s e t w o L o dg e s h o w e v e r fo r all p rac t i cable pu rp o s e s mus t b e re g arde d as o n e

.
, , , ,

si n c e t h e m e m b e rs w e re re co n c il e d i n 1 8 1 2 an d all i rre gul ari t i e s c o n d on e d The t hi rd Lo d ge , .

S cio t o— w as e re c t e d by t he G L Of Mass ac h u s e t t s als o i n 1 8 05 an d t h e fo urt h ( fo r w hi c h I

- . .
, ,

am abl e t o assig n a d at e an d j u risdi c t i on ) — A mi t y— by t h at Of P e n n sylvan i a i n 1 8 06 Th e re ,

.

w e re als o i n 1 8 08 t wo o t h e rs E ri e N o 4 7 an d N e w E n gl an d N O 4 8 — an d all t he “
, ,
.
, , .

L o dge s e n um e rat e d o r a t ot al o f six — Ci n ci n n at i N O 1 3 be i n g n am e d an d N o va C ae s are a

, , .
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N o 1 0 n o t — are s t at e d t o h av e b e e n re p re s e n t e d at t he o rgan is at i o n Of t he G ran d L o dg e o n

. ,

5
J an u ary 6 Of t h at y e ar By o t h e r au t h o ri t ie s t he n umb e r o f L o dge s p art i c ip at i n g i n t his
.

m ov e m e n t has b e e n re d u ce d t o fi ve 6 by t he o missi o n Of N e w E n glan d N O 4 8 w hic h ag re e s , .

,

1
R e co r ds G L . . Ve rm o n t , 1 7 9 4-1 8 46 ( pi r nte d P ro c . G . L . C an ada, 1 8 57 , p . 12 5 an d J . H D ru m m on
. d , H is t .

an d B ibl . M e m o ran d a ( N e w E n gl an d F re e ma s o n , vo l. i .
,
1 8 7 4, p .

2
R M o rr. ky 1 8 59 is M s
, St
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p 48 ; of t pp 41 7 41 8
n Ke n t u c , .
3
ore r, . . an e , .
, .

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4
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t h L dg s i t h t S t t
e o i d t h t t h m igh t b i f m i t y i t h m d f w ki g H t i d t h p si t i f
e n a a e, n or e r a e re e un or n e o e o or n . e re a ne e o on o

M st a th viv l f A m i U i
e r, o n t il A g s t 1 7 9 1 wh
e re h j i d th
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i t h f ll wi g N v m b
n e o t t h b t tl fF t R
o v y
n o e era e a e o or e co er .

J H S t His t L f A i t y N 5 Ohi 1 8 7 9
5
. . u o r, M k y p 543 ; M i t h ll p 605
. . o
'
n , o. , o, .
3
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 F R E E M A S ON R Y J N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A M E R I CA .

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by t he S t at e s o f M aryl an d an d V i rgi n i a fro m w hi c h j u risdi ct i on s i t re ce iv e d i n all fi ve ,

w arran t s o f c o n s t it u t io n The G ran d L o d g e w as o rgan is e d D e ce mb e r 1 1 1 8 1 0 by fo u r L o dg e s

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w hi c h is at t h e p re s e n t t im e b o t h w i t hi n t he M as on i c an d t h e t e rri t ori al j u risdi ct i o n o f

V i rgi n ia .

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fro m t he isl an d o f G u ad alo u p e e s t ablish e d t he L o d g e s P e rfe ct Un i o n an d P ol ar S t ar t h e , ,

form e r w o rki n g t h e Y ork an d t h e l at t e r t he F re n ch or M o d e rn R i t e an d h o ldin g w arran t s

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re sp e ct iv e ly Polar S t ar i t m ay b e o bs e rv e d w as re con s t i t u t e d by t h e G O o f F ran ce i n

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, . . The fi rs t Lo d g e u n d e r a w arran t fro m Phil a .

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s e v e ral i n st an ce s t h e ch art e rs i ssu e d w e re vi rt u ally w arran t s o f c on fi rm at i on au t h orisi n g ,

bre t h re n w ho h ad p re vi o usly m e t i n L o d g e s b e yon d t h e lim i t s o f L o uisian a or u n d e r o t h e r ,

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fugi t iv e s arriv e d fro m S an D o mi n go an d am on g t h e m t h e m e mb e rs o f La R e u n i o n D e sire e ,

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d e si ro us o f w orkin g ac co rd i n g t o t he Y ork R it e c h an g e d i t i n 1 8 0 8 for a w arran t e mp o w e r “

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i n g t h e m t o m e e t u n d e r t h e ir o rigi n al t it l e as a d augh t e r L o dg e o f P e n n sylv an ia ,

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t h e s e had ce as e d t o e xis t .

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w as e re c t e d by t he G ran d C o n sis t o ry o f J am ai ca ; t he l at t e r h ow e v e r s o on aft e r affili at e d , ,

w i t h L o dge C o n cord u n d e r t he G L o f P e n n sylvan i a , . . .

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at w hi ch e igh t L o d g e s w e re re p re s e n t e d an d t he G ran d L o d ge o f Te n n e ss e e w as o rg an is e d ,
.

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. . hi o, 1 8 8 0, p . 12 3 .
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 F R E E III A S ON R Y I N TH E UN I TE D S TA TE S OF A I ME E / CA .

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J an u ary G ran d L o dg eat w hi c h d at e t h e re w e re w as form e d ,
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. . .

—an d t wo by t h at o f Te n n e ss e e The Gran d Lo dge o f t he S t at e was organ ise d by t he re pre .

se n t at i ve s o f t h re e o f t h e s e L o dg e s July 2 7 1 8 1 8 , , .

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v e ry grace fully co n s e n t e d t o an e qui t able d ivisi o n o f t he Ch ari t y an d o t h e r fu n ds w h e n so ,

l arg e a c lus t e r o f d au gh t e r L o dg e s s e p arat e d ami c ably fro m he r .

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i n c o n v e n t io n A p ril 2 3 1 8 2 1 an d o rgan is e d t h e G L o f Miss o u ri 2

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t h e l at t e r b e i n g t h e n umb e r t h e n e xis t in g i n t he S t at e Th e s e are s aid t o h av e be e n war .

5
ran t e d by t h e G ran d L o dge s o f Te n n e ss e e an d N o rt h C li
a ro n a bu t t he o n ly p o i n t w i t h re gard ,

t o t h e i r o rigi n t h at s e e ms qui t e c le ar fro m t h e au t h o ri t ie s is t h at on e w as c h art e re d by t h e ,

G L o f S o u t h C aroli n a i n 1 8 1 9
. .

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1 8 4 1 b u t t his s t e p b e in g d e e m e d irre gul ar by t h e o t h e r A m m i can j u risdi c t i o n s a m aj ori t y o f ,

t h e L o dge s agai n m e t i n C o n v e n t i on an d o rgan is e d t h e p re s e n t G ran d L o dg e i n 1 8 44 Th e , .

G L o f Mi chigan is s t at e d t o h av e b e e n fo rm e d by fo u r o u t o f fi ve L o dge s i n t he S t at e
. . .

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fro m S co t lan d in 1 7 68 The 1 4 t h F oo t i n g arris on at S t A ugus t in e 1 7 7 6 w as ord e re d a

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re n e w al o f i t s c h art e r— N o 58 — b y t h e A n c i e n t s i n 1 7 7 7 ; an d a s e c o n d w arran t for t h e s am e

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pl ace was g ran t e d by t h e m— whi c h faile d t o re ac h i t s d e st i n at i on — in 1 7 7 8 A ft e r t he war .

F l o rida ag ai n b e cam e S p ani sh t e rrit ory an d July 1 2 1 7 8 3 a w arran t w as issu e d fro m P e n n , , , ,

sylv an ia t o S t A n d re w s Lo dge N o 1 late o f We s t F lorida an d t h e n at Ch arl e s t o n

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S p an iards i n 1 8 1 1 The c o un t ry w as s o ld t o t h e Un it e d S t at e s i n 1 8 1 9 an d i n 1 8 2 0 an d 1 8 2 4
.
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w arran t s n o t fat e d t o e n du re w e re gran t e d fro m S o u t h C aro li n a I n 1 8 2 6 h o w e v e r t h re e .

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L o dge s— fro m Te n n e ss e e an d G e orgi a— w e re e st abli sh e d an d t ook ro o t all u n i t i n g i n t he ,

o rgan is at i o n o f t h e G ran d L o d g e o n July 5 1 8 3 0 ,

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TE X A s — Thre e Lo d ge s w e re e re c t e d in t his t e rri t o ry by t he G L o f L o uisian a t he fi rst i n

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1 8 35 . Th e s e u n i t e d t o fo rm t h e G ran d Lo dge o f Te x as D e ce mb e r 2 0 By o n e wri t e r , , ,

h o we v e r i t is affi rm e d t h at t wo addi t i on al Lo dg e s h o ldi n g w arran t s fro m t he G L of Missis

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sippi p art i c ip at e d i n t his m o v e m e n t 7

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7 M tci h ll pe , . 649 .
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p re ce di n g c h ap t e r appli e d t o E n glan d for a ch art e r— t h e ir L od ge h avi n g t h e n

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e xis t e d fo r e igh t y e ars — i n 1 7 8 4 Th e i r re qu e s t w as gran t e d S e pt e mb e r 2 9 1 7 8 4 .

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. The A fri can L o dg e w as n o t .

s h o w n i n t h e E n glish lis t s aft e r 1 8 1 3 bu t i t did n o t fo rm ally d e cl are i t s i n d e p e n d e n ce o f ,

fo re ign co n t ro l u n t il 1 8 2 7 I n 1 8 4 7 t h e re w e re t h re e c o l o u re d G ran d L o dge s o n e at B o s t o n

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an d t w o i n P e n n syl van i a Th e s e m e t i n c o n v e n t i on an d o rgan is e d a N a

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si n ce m e t t ri e n n ially Thirt y o n e G ran d L o d g e s i n di ffe re n t S t at e s o f t he Un i on are m e n t i on e d

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i n t h e s t at is t i c s b e fore m e w hi ch sh o w a t ot al o f 69 4 L o dge s an d ,
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b o di e s i n F ran c e I t aly G e rm an y H un g ary P e ru an d Lib e ria ; an d i n Ohio a re s o lu t i on by

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t h e Whi t e ack n ow l e dgi n g t h e re gul ari t y o f t h e Bl ack G ran d Lo dg e i n t h at S t at e w as o n ly

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l o st by fi ft y— e igh t v o t e s — t h e n u mb e rs b e i n g 3 3 2 t o 3 9 0— i n 1 8 7 5 The c as e o f t he N e gro .

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h as b e e n ( i n p art ) u n d e rgo n e by t he fam o us J e w ish qu e s t io n i n G e rm an y 1 .

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s e cre t s o f M as on ry w e re t o b e re v e al e d M organ w as arre st e d o n a ch arg e o f t h e ft .

i n S e p t e mb e r an d l o dg e d i n j ail for a n igh t The n e x t d ay h e w as re l e as e d pl ace d i n a coac h .

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w hi ch all t race s o f him dis app e ar an d w h at w as his re al fat e h as n e v e r b e e n as ce rt ai n e d ,

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i n dign at i on o f t he c o mmu n i t y w as aro us e d t he e x c i t e m e n t spre ad an d t he publi c did n o t , ,

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t he g re at e r n umb e r o f G ran d Ch ap t e rs are i n n o mi n al subj e ct ion .

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4 65

CH A P TE R XXXII .

TH E D OM I N I ON OF CA N A D A , A N D N E WF OUN D LA N D .

I LLI A M D OUGL AS w as pp oi n t e d Pro v G M for t he c o as t o f A fri ca an d t he

a . . .

isl an ds o f A m e ri ca i n 1 7 3 7 an d R o b e rt C o mmi n s for C ap e B re t on an d Lo uis

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b o u rg i n 1 7 46 The e arli e s t Lo dg e s h o w e v e r i n t h e v as t t e rri t o ry t o w hi ch t he

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s t ore o f fact s w h o s e n am e s h av e al re ady b e e n grat e fu lly re fe rre d t o i n foot n o t e s N or i n

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c an d o ur sh o uld I o mi t t o s t at e h o w d e e ply I h av e b e n e fit e d fro m t h e ro bus t cri t i c isms — a le

o m n i bu s re bn s cl q u i bu sd a m a l ia s— o f a fe w w ri t e rs w h o lik e M e ss rs W P Bu c h an an d J ac o b
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au t h o ri t y o f t ru t h n o t t ru t h t o t he au t h o ri t y o f gre at n am e s Lan e s M aso n i c R e cords I re gre t ’ “

, .
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t o say w as publish e d t oo l at e t o b e o f an y s e rvi ce t o m e

, bu t h ad t he w ork app e are d a y e ar
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o f a G e n e ral H is t ory o f t h e C raft w ill I h op e — h o w e v e r faul t y t h e e x e c u t i o n — b e for e v e r

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ass oc i at e d w i t h hi s m e m o ry M ore I can n o t t rust mys e lf t o say an d wi t h t hi s brie f allusion

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m on k o f t h e abb e y o f S t M e d ard b e i n g o n his d e at h be d con fe ss e d w i t h gre at co n t ri

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t h e l as t n am e d co n sis t i n g o f t w o fragm e n t s an d t h e o t h e rs b e i n g i n b o o k fo rm 2 4 a w as ,
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publi sh e d by M r W H R ylan ds i n t h e K e yston e Phil ad e lphi a M arch 2 0 1 8 8 6 an d as i t

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p o ss e ss e s m an y co mm on fe at u re s w i t h t he S up re m e Co u n c il M S I h av e pl ac e d i t .

aft e r t h at d o c um e n t i n t h e n um e ri cal lis t 3 1 b has b e e n t ran s crib e d by H u ghan an d pri n t e d .

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i n t h e F re e m ason J an u ary 3 0 an d F e b ru ary 1 3 1 8 8 6 I t co n sis t s o f t e n p ag e s o f M S b o u n d

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up wi t h a c o py o f Th e B oo k M or M as o n ry Triumph an t 1 7 3 6 i n t h e p o ss e ssi on o f t h e
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P ro bit y Lo dge N o 61 H ali fax Y orkshire A s t h e age Of t h e M S app e ars t o c o rre sp on d

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pre t t y c l o s e ly w i t h t h at o f t h e p ri n t e d b o ok i t s v alu e is n o t gre at Th e t e x t is simil ar t o , .

t h at o f t h e Lan sd o w n e (3 ) an d A n t iqui t y (2 3 ) M S S 3 1 0 c o n sis t in g o f t w o fragm e n t s o r .

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lo o s e sh e e t s was dis c ove re d by M r J C R o bi n s o n o f Ch e st e r am o n g t h e p ape rs o f t h e R e v

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T C ran e d e ce as e d i n 1 8 8 4 an d by hi m publish e d i n t h e F re e m ason o f t h at y e ar (pp 4 7 6

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4 8 6 49 7 507
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t he c lassifi cat i o n Of t he Wre n ( 3 7 ) an d t he C ran e ( 3 1 0) M S S as s e p arat e an d dist in ct “

.

au t h o ri t i e s .

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e l ik ds ks hi h
Th e wor i n w c an ab 1 7 2 4-2 5 giv s his i s Th e fo rme r are e n in m o t t or e of
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a e 2 8 6, n o t e 8 q ua i e t h e fu e r ar u m e n t a e een ue i n ot .

x hp p m s l si ply bl
.

i n t h e n e t c a t e r at 3 58 gm na I e o f t he at t e r am m u na e t o fi n d ro o m fo r

Pg l l i s b s L dg s i th p s k
. .

a e 3 3 9 , Ge n e ra R e gu at on an d M e m e r o f o e in n e re e n t wo r .

Pg a e 3 55, D r A n d s e r on .

C rave n of Kirkw all Ork n e y i n fo rms m e t h at o n t he fly le af o f a co py Of

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t he R o yal G e n e al o gi e s i n t h e Un iv e rsit y o f A b e rd e e n he h as fo u n d app are n t ly i n t h e

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h an d wri t i n g of t he au t h or t he foll o wi n g Alm am M at re m A cad e m i am M aresck allana m ,

hoc lib ro d o n avi t e j usd e m au ct or — J acobus An d e rs o n D D .

, . .

Pg a e 3 56, M a s i on c Cat e c hisms .

The s e m ay b e con v e ni e n t ly di vid e d in t o t h re e g ro ups — all o f w hi c h h av e t h e i r e sp e ci a l

p o in t s o f i n t e re st — t h e first e xt e n di n g o v e r t h e p e ri o d 1 7 1 7 - 2 7, t h e s e con d h avin g i t s fi rs t
ex e mplar i n 1 7 3 0 an d t h e t hi rd b e gin n i n g wi t h t h e y e ar 1 7 60
,
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p ris e s S loan e M S 3 3 2 9 (te mp t h e M as o n s E x amin at i o n 1 7 2 3 t h e G ran d Mys t e ry

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. .
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an d t he B ris c oe M S 1 7 2 4 ; an d t he M as on s C on fe ssi on (t e mp t n ae rt b u t supp o s e d t o d at e

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 A P P E N DI X .
47 3

fro m 1 7 2 7 , t h o ugh ly pri n t e d i n

on Of t h e s e t he
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t h e Mas o n s E x amin at i o n t ran s crib e d by mys e l f fro m t he

a l at e r p ag e —
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’

t he Gorm ogo n s w hi c h is re p ri n t e d fro m t he on ly kn own copy i n e xi st e n ce at p re s e n t i n t h e

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sam e n am e i n his P e n nsylvan i a Gaz e t t e ) ; aft e r t his cam e M as o n ry D iss e ct e d by S amue l

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t h e G ran d M ast e r K e y ; 1 7 65 S hibb o l e t h o r E v e ry M an a F re e m as o n ; an d 1 7 66 S o l o m o n i n

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t o whi ch t h e c u ri o us re ad e r is re fe rre d .

Pg a e 3 65, H i ram Abif .

This n am e is giv e n J on e s M S (i 63 ;
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ve rba t i m e t l i te rati m fro m an E n glish t ran slat i on o f J o s e phus d at e d 1 67 0 The s am e crit i c , .

assig n s n o high e r an t iqui t y t h an ( at t h e u t m o s t ) t he y e ar 1 7 2 2 t o S l o an e M S 3 3 2 9 ( ii 2 7 9 , . .

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316 ,
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n o earli e r b e gi n n i n g t h an 1 7 2 0 .

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’
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b e ar i n v e st ig at io n ) an e xpl an at i on of wh at has hi t h e rt o app e are d in s olu ble w h e n associ at e d w i t h ,

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, , , .

Pg a e 37 2 , n ot e 10 .

A curi o us sup e rst i t ion is re cord e d of t he fish e rm e n o f t he D au — a riv e r i n To n gkin g I f a .

fish j u mps i n t o t h e b o at i t is a v e ry bad o m e n an d t o av e rt imp e n di n g e v il i t is n e ce ssary

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t o c u t t he fish i n t o t wo an d t hro w i t in t o t h e w at e r ag ain (J G S co tt F ran c e an d To n gki n g . .

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an d publish e d by L an e w h o at o n ce id e n t ifi e d a l o n g missi n g re gis t e r

, Mas on i c R e cords -
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, . .
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474 A P PE N DI X

B A bb ot t app e are d i n t he
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P sis glish s y I n t ro du ct ory

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ac e 2 6, S t at i t c o f E n Ma on r . S ee a e 82, ne 2 1 , t o re a d , “ e n t e re at K w n n n or
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The bl e m an is sh o wn i n t h e E n grav e d Lis t for 1 7 7 0 as Pro v G M for

na me of t his no . . .

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.

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v on E ckle ff t ill 1 7 77 B aro n C arl F re d e ri ck S ch e ffe r w as S P an d D e pu t y G Mast e r

. . .

1 7 61 7 7 -
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.
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prob abili t y S ch e ff e r su cce e d e d F ullm an as E ng li sh P ro v C M i n 1 7 69 , . . .

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H e re I w as misle d by N e t t e lblad t , se e p . 226 .

Pg
a e 2 49 , n ot e 1 , to re ad ,
P ost, p . 284 . Pg a e 2 56, n ot e 5 . S e e I nt ro d u ct or yN ot e .

Pg a e 2 8 5, Un i o n of Ge rm an F re e m a s s on .

Ou t of t his L e ssi n g Un i on o f G e rm an F re e m as on s fo u n d e d i n
spran g “
t he , 18 84 . I ts
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G ran d M yst e ry o f F R E E M A S ON S -

D I S C O V E R D
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.

I N TR OD UC TI ON .

THI S Pi h vi g b e f d i t h C st o dy of a F R E E M A S ON w h di d s d d ly i t w t h gh t p p t o
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a e e n en n o n c rn n
th G e d M yst y o f F M ns
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as a an a t T il d Diffi
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o e ,
a a e o er a- e ce , ou
and v i o s M st t h C m m D ist b o f M k i d sp i lly i t h i A dv si t y
o rac u on e r, e o on ur er an n ,
e ec a n e r er .

P pl d fl k d f m ll P t s t
eo e oc t his M st Th y w t i t t he F D
’
ro a a d
ar ft th y h d o se e on er : e en n a o re -
o or n a er e a
s th C t
een we t t t th B k D
re a u re , wh th y w enk d Wh t h
ou th M a st w w t h s i g ?
e ac - o or, e re e e re as
’
,
e er e on er as or ee n
A d th y h d t t h i A dm it t c i t t h B t h p m is d t k p t h S t th y d It w v y ’
n as e a , a e r w an e n o e oo ,
ro e o ee e e c re ,
e an s er , as a er
w ond f l C t e w hi h t h M f d hi s A cco t i Bu t by s m e A id t i t w as divu lg d t hat t his
er u re a ur c e an ou n un n .
,
o cc en , e ,
wo d f l C e p o d t b e a L OU S E ’
n er u t re a u r r v o .

Bu t t o p oce d t t h S bj t i H d w e sh l l fi st p e se t u R ad s w i t h
r e o e u ec n an a r r n o r e er

T H E F R E E -M A S ON ’S S I GN S .

A G U TTE R AL A PE DE S TA L
A A M A N UA L Y A PE CT OR A L

E XA M I N A TI ON UP ON E N TR AN C E I N TO TH E L OD G E .

P E A CE be h e re .

A n sw e r I o e t e re . h p h is .

Q W at a C o c i s i t ?
. h -
l k
g
s I t s o i n g t o S i x, o r g o n g t o T we e
’
i lv
v y b sy
.

p A re yo u e r u ?
s N0 .

i
e W ll you gi e , o r t a e ? v k
s Bo t or w c you h ea e hi h pl s .

e H o w go S q u are s ?
a S t rai t gh .

p A re you R c , or P oor ? i h
u Ne t er ih .

p C an ge m e t at ? h h
I wi ll .

I n t he N am e o f, d c are you a M a on ? . s
h s
W at is a M a on ?
bg b
s A M an e o t o f a M an , orn o f a Wom an , Bro t e r t o a K n
g h i
p W at h is l
.

a F e low ?

p
s A C om an i on o f a Prin ce .

sh l k
g H o w a l I n o w you are a F re e M a on ? s
s k s P s
a By S ign , T o e n , an d oi n t o f m y E n tr y
hi h P i y
e W c i s t h e o n t of o ur E n t r ? y
.

l d P
S I H e ar an d C on ce a , un e r t h e e n alty of a i n m T roat cu t or m Ton u e ull’d ou t of m H e ad
g y y g p y h v h
h d
p W e re was you m a e a F re e M ason ?
, .

j p L
s I n a us t an d e rfe ct o d ge .

y k L dg
a H o w m an m a e a o e ?
h iv v
A Go d an d t h e S q u are , Wi t F e or S e e n ri t an d e rfe ct M ason s o n t he
.

g p g e t M ou n t ai n s, or t h e h hi h s
s ll y
lo we t Va e s 111 t h e Wo r ld ,
.

Q Wh y d o O. dds k L dg ma e a o e ?
A Be cau se all O
. dds s dv
are M e n A an t a e
g
h L dg
Q W at o e are you Of
.

A T he L d
. o ge o f S t J ohn A .

d s s
.

Q H OW o e i t t an d ?
.

A P . s
e rfe c t E as t an d We t , as alpl
l Te m e s d o .
 A PPE N DIX .
477

g Wh is t h M so s P i t ?
e re e a n
’
o n

n A t t h E s t Wi d w w i t i g at t h R isi g Of t h S
e a - t o s t his M e
n o ,
a n e n e un , e n at Work .

a Wh is t h W d s P i t ?
e re e ar e n
’
o n

s A t t h e W t Wi d w w i t i g t h S t t i g f t h S
es ~ t o dis m iss t h e E
n o ,
a n e e n o e un ,
n t re d A pp re n t ce i s .

Wh r le s d g v e s t h L d g
o u d i M tan f it ? o rn e o e ,
an s as e r o

P i ll r a .

H ow is
i t g ov e rn d
’

A Of S q u are an d R u e l .

c v L dg
H a e yo u t h e K e y Of t h e o e ?

A h v Y e s, I a e .

o o h is i
W at i t s V rt u e ?
A p sh
T o o e n an d shu t , an d p
u t an d O e n .

c O h k p
W e re d o you e e i t ?
A v y b d m y T t h o r wi t hi
I n an I o r Bo x, e t we e n m y T o n gu e m y H a t wh e ll m y S ts e an ee ,
n e r ,
re a e cre ar

e H v you t h C h i t t h e K y ?
0 a e e a n o e

A Y I h av e s, e .

c H w l g is i t ?
0 o on

A A l g f m m y To g e t o m y H e t
s on as ro n u ar .

o H w m y p i s J w ls ?
o an re c ou e e
A Th sq re eA sh a Di m a d d Sq a u are e r, a on ,
an 3. u re .

Q H w m y Li gh t s ?
Q o an
A Th . R igh t E s t S
re e t h a d W st
a a ,
ou ,
n e .

c Wh t d t h y e p se t ?
0 a o e r re n

A Th Th e P s s F t h e S o
e re d H ly Gh s t e r on ,
a r, n , an o o .

c H w m y Pill s ?
o o an ar
A Tw I hi a d B z o ac n n oa .

o Wh t d t h y p s t ? a o e re re en
A A St g t h d S t bili t y f t he C h h i ll A g s
re n an a o u rc n a e .

o H w m y A gl s i S t J h s L d g ?
’
o an . n e n . o n o e
A
A F b d g o S q are s
ou r, o r e ri n n u
41
.

o H w is t h M i di f
o d o t? e er an ou n u

A Wh th S l v s t h S t h d b e k s i t t h W st E d f t he L d ge
en e un ea e e ou ,
an r a n a e e -
n o o .

c I w h t P t of t h T m pl w t h L dg e k p t ?
n a ar e e e as e o e

A I S lm n P h t t h W st E d f t he Te m ple w h t he t w o Pill s w e s t p
o o on s
’
o rc ,
a e e -
n o ,
e re ar er e u .

o H ow m y S t ps b l g t i gh t M s
an ? e e on o a r a on
A Th re e .

Q: G iv m t h S l t i ? e e e o u on
A I w i ll Th R igh t W . hi pf l W hi pf 1 M s t s d Wo ship f l F e ll w s f t h R igh t W
e o rs u ,
ors u a er ,
an r u o , o e or
L o dge f m w h I m g t y
ro w ll e n ce ca e, re e ou e .

R sp s T h at G e t G d t
e on e .
g ti g b t t his M ti g d w i t h t he R i gh t W s h ip f l L o d g
r a o o us re e n ,
e a ou r ee n ,
an or u e

f m whe
ro y c m
n ce d y ou a e ,
an o u are .

Q G iv m t h J
. es lm W d e e e ru a e or
A Gi bli . n.

Q G iv m t h U iv e s l W d ?
. e e e n r a or
A B z . oa .

Q R i gh t B t h o f u s y
. N m ? ro er o r ,
ou r a e
A N M
. . or .

R sp s W l m B o t h
e on e . M N t S i ty
e co e, r er . or . o ou r oc e .

Q H w m y p rt i l P i t s p t i t
. o an F M s ? a cu ar o n er a n o a re e -
a on
A Th e . F t i t y F id li t y d T i t i t y
re ra e rn
,
e ,
an ac u rn .

Q Wh t d t h y p s t ?
. a o e re re en
A B t h ly L v R li f
. ro d T th m
er
g ll R igh t M s s ; f
o w hi h l
e, lM s sw
e d i d t
e , an ru ,
a on a a on or c a a on e re or a n
’
a
t he B ildi g f t h T w
u n f B b l a d t t h T m pl
o e fJ lm o er o a e , n a e e e o e ru sa e

Q H w m y p p P i ts ?
.

o an ro er o n
S F iv F t t F t K
e t K e ooH d t H d H t t H rt d E t E
o oo ,
nee o n e, an o an e ar o ea an ar o ar

Q Wh is A h d i d ?
.
, ,
’
e n ce an rc er v

S F m A hi t t ro rc e c u re .

Q H w m y O d s i A hi t t e ?
o an r er n rc ec ur

S F iv e t he T D i k I i k C i thi d C mp i t u scan , er c on c or n an , an o os

Q Wh t d t h y
, , .

swa ? o e an er

A Th y .sw t o t h B s P p di l D i m t Ci u m f
e an er d Sq e a e, er en cu ar, a e e r, rc e re n ce an u are .

Q Wh t i t h i g h t Wo d igh t P i t Of a M s ?
,
. a s e r r
,
or r o n a on
A A di u . e .

VOL . III .
47 8 A PP E N DI X .

TH E F R E E -M A S ON ’S OA TH .

s v
Y OU m u t se r e Go d ac cord n g t o t he i b st of y K e ou r now e l d ge a d I n s t i t t i a d b e t
n u on , n a ru e Li e ge
M an
t o t he K n , an d ei g h lp
an d a t an y Bro t ssis h sf sy u
era ar a o r A b ili t y w i llall o w By t he Con t e t s n of t he S a c re d
i l p
Wr t yo u wi l e rfo rm t h Oat h S O e is . h lp yo G d u o .

A F RE E -M A S ON S H E A T H
’
L .

H E R E ’S a l h to
Hea t ou r i ty
S oc e ,
an d tov y f i t h f l B oth
e er a u r er t h t ke e ps his O t h
a a of S e cre c y . A s we are
s wo rn to l v o h th
e e ac o e r, t he Wo ld r no O d e k o ws li k e t his
r r n ou r N b le
o d A ti t an n en F rat e rni ty Le t th e m
w on d er a t t he M y st y er .

H e re , Bro the r, I d ri n k t o t he e .

S I G N S TO K N OW A TR UE MA S ON .

1 T o pu t o ff t h e H at w t t w o F n ge rs an d a T u m
. ih i h b .

2 s i ih
T o t r k e w t t he R
. sid
t - H an , o n t h e I n igh
Li l i
e o f t he d L i s h i
tt e -F n ge r o f t h e e ft t hre e T m e , as if ew n
g
ki y s h by s i
s b i h
.

3 By m a n g a S q u are , vi z
. e tt ng o u r H e e l t o ge t e r, an d t h e T o e
. of o t h F e e t st ra
g t , at a Di s
t an c e , o rby h
an y o t e r Way o f T r an e i gl .

k d i h h b l d i L
h s h i s i
4 T o t a e H an i n H an , w t h e ft an d R g t T u m c ose , an d t ou c e ach Wri t t re e T m e w t h t he
.

g
F o re -F i n e r e ach P lsu e .

s
5 Y o u m u t Wh
. isp e r, a n s s yi h
ll ship l p y
g t u s, Th e M a t e rs an d F e o ws of t he Wor h fu C o m an fro m w e n c e
g
I cam e , re e t you all w e l l .

h i s s s ll ship p y
Th e Ot e r w ll an we r, Go d gre e t w e ll t h e M a t e r an d F e o ws o f t he Wo r h fu l Co m an fro m w e n ce
you me
ca .

6 S t k t w o Of y
. ro F
e Fi v y E y Lids t h e T i m s
ou r ore -
n e rs o er ou r e - re e .

7 T . G l ss
urn a
y th aT i g t h t is h ll w d w w ds ft
,
o r an o you h v e dr k ou t o f i t
er n a o o ,
o n ar ,
a er a an .

8 A k h w yo d
. s d y
o B th s d i k t
u o h ot h
an o ur ro er rn o e ac e r.

9 A sk w h at L o d g t h y w e e m d F
. M so s t
e e r a e re e - a n a .

. . hi d
N B I n t he T r o f K i n g H e n ry V I an A c t o f ar a m e n t w as pass d , W he re in
’
.
] it fuss matte f el
ony, t o P li
hes in t apit zrs ant asse mblie s
cause M A S ON S t o run feherat z t he mse l Gi b: iB u nis bmmt is li mprisnnmmt of 33 0112 , ant .

k
t o ma e ifim ant R ansom at t he ik ing s M l
.
’
il .
48 0 A P PE N DI X .

L E T T E R to a F R I E N D,
C ON C E R N I N G

T he S o ci e ty o f F R E E -M A S ON S .

S I R,
d h v b
T H E C o m m an , yo u a e e e n ple as’d t o lay u o n m e , n ot t o b e c ar e in p is dis h g d a fe w Words Y ou re q u re i
f
o m e , To e giv r l
yo u an A c co u n t o f t he F ra te rn i ty (as y o u a e p e as d t o t e rm i t ) w
’
hi h c call t h e m se lv e s F R E E
g h ih
M A S ON S t o e t e r w t m y O n o n a ou t the m , an d t e r Te ne t pi i b hi s .

his S I R w ill se s m li t t l
T , ,
cau o e e T m e t o be i ent ; fi r t, I n E nq u r aft e r t sp s iy hi e r s
Te n e t ; an d t e n , i n h
m t ly j dgi g d s i g p
a u re u n ,
an re a o n n u
’
on e m fo r ra an d u n re m e i t at e D e t e rm n atsh p d d i i s on , s
i n u ch M at t e rs , w ill
ly xp s t h i A t h s
on e d gi v o e e r u or an e S t re n t gh
an d R e u t at on t o t he o o te art e p i pp si P i s .

h i T ts t h y s m t b ll R iddl a d M yst y t o e v e y Bo dy b t t h m s lv s
A s for t e r e ne ,
d I m k e ee o e a e n er ,
r u e e e an a e
a D bt w h t h
ou th y b bl t giv y f i d s t isf t y A
,
e e r or n o,t f m By w h t I l e e a e o e an a r an a ac or cco u n o
"
e . a can e arn ,

th y e d O th
are u ns m s l m blig t y Ti t t m k k
e r an w o di v lg t h i A
a ,
t
or y o e o e n o a or e ,
no o a e no n ,
r u e e r rcan a o an ,

ex pt t o t h M m b s f t h i w S i t y T his I p s m is b s t h e y
ce e e erit h s si lly
o e r o n oc e .
,
re u e, e cau e are e er so n on e n ca

l diu s d f lish
cro u ls h ibly lwd d bl sph m s t h t t h y will t d a P bli k C s
,
an oo ,
or e e so orr e ,
an a e ou ,
a e no en u re u c e n u re .

h y t h g Val e p t h m s lv s i g d f b i g F M s
T e se an e tu t i i g st
e g a kw u u on e e e ,
n re ar o e n re e a ons : n er a n n ran e, u ard
N ti s f th W d M s
o on ; s h i t v h d b l gi g t i t i H b w G k L ti E g lish
o e or a on uc as ne er a e on n o ,
n e re , re e ,
a n, n , or, I
b li v i a y L g g d H v
e e e
,
n T h y s m t b li s t d
n d t h P t g of H i m t h K i g
an ua e u n er ea en . e ee o e e un er e a ro n a e re/ , e n of
Ty wh w
re d b t l ss
,
H th ; o l ss v t d t J d i sm ft his A q i t
as ou e wi t h S l m an ea en un e con er e o u a a er c u a n an ce o o on :

W hi h is t b s t b t g
c dl ss Chi m
,
a d S pp si t i ; f t h S i pt
e , w hi h a e t h e
u a ly A t h t i
ro u n e ce ra , an u o on or e cr u re s, c r on u en ck
R d f th s M tt s h v t k
e cor s o o ti t ll f i t o e a er , a e a en n no ce a a o .

h y ll s
T e te ppish is
t ran ge fo S t or e o f a Tre e , w c g re w ou t o f H i ram Tom b, w t w o n d e rfu l L e ave s, an d hi h s ’
ih
Fr u i t o f a m on sst rou lh h
Q u a l i t y; a t o u
g , a t t h e a m e T m e , t e n o w n e t e r w e r e ,
n o r w e n h e d yd
’
n or s i h yk ih h h
an y t i n h g b h h y
m o re o f hi s T o m , t an t e d o o f P ompe y
’
Bu t , t o t o t h e M o u t Of t e r n o ran t , c rack brai n d
’
s s p . hs h i ig
is ipl s s s s s h p i ip l g
,

D c e ( u c h as A l
e -
h o u s e k e ep e rs , B o t ch e r ,
C orn -
cu t t e r ,
S oc ) o m e o f t e i r r n c al Oa uu a r e o
py , i u
g e m by
’
.

s i b b s ypsi i k J g hi h h y l l h gh l h
_

t h e E ar w t h a o m a t G e -l e ar o n , w c t e ca l A ra bi ck : a t o u I am m oral y ce rt ai n , T at
i yk s
n o t o n e o f t he S o c e t n o w an y m ore o f t he A ra bi cl c an u ag e , t an I d o o f t he C I N E S E
g L h H .

U p on t h e A ccoun t , S I R , his st p d o of t u en us Bo card o, t h e y a ss um e to t h s lv s t h A gu st Ti t le f

e m e e e u o
K aba li t ; ss o r rat h e r, as I s b m issiv ly u j t e c o n e c u re ,
Ca ba l-lis ts : i e A K n o t o . . f w hi m si al d li i s W e t h s c ,
e r ou r c e ,
w h o are ca b lli
a n
g t o ge th t x t i p t ll m a
e r, o e r a e a nne r of S ci e nc e , R e ason , an d R e ligi o t of t h e Wo ld
on u r .

xpl i t h s e s l ss d i t i l M d f t h i P
To e a n di gs I sh ll k y
e n e e th m ll t he
an rra on a o e o e r ro ce e n ,
a as ou , or e ,
or a

W ld Wh t h t w s v k wn t h t M
or e f c mmo Ser s d Dis t i did p f ss t h m s lv s t b
’
a e er no ,
a en O o n e n e an cre on , ro e e e e o e
o f I m pl ym
an t o O p t i w hi h t h y k w ot hi g t ll f A f I s t
o en r c cuS I R w ld yo a t on , c e no n n a a o s or n an ce , ,
ou u no

t k th t M
a e t b q lifi d f B d l m t h t sh ld
a an ll hi m s lf G ld S m i th w h his B si s s is t m d
o e ua e or e a ,
a ou ca e a o -
, en u ne o en

Sh s oe d w ld i t t m k y
an l gh t h e F ll w
ou ll hi m s lf L pi d y w h h g t s his Livi g
no a e ou au ,
o ar a e o ca e a a ar ,
en e e n

by sw pi g f Chi m ys ? Y t t his is x t ly t h C s f F M s ; E ve y M m b f s t h is F
ee n o ne e e ac e a e o re e a ons r e e r, or o o ,
a re e

M s ; a on lt h gh t h b s m e D i i s
a thou if th y w p f t ly d s t d D y Vi
e re e s m P t ti
o v ne ,
o r ra e r, e e re er ec un er oo ,
r ne s, o e e

f gg s s m Clys t pip M
o er ,
Th
o d m k s T yl s
e d W s d
e r- h g B d ll b sid s f M
e en , re a -
a er ,
a or an e aver ,
an an u e ea -ro e e ,
o en

ca lli g t h m s lv s M
n wh k w
e m h w t ly B i k o
e e St i t sh ld b l id t h n t h y
aso ns, o no no o re o o a a rc ,
r a on e ,
as ou e a ,
a e
k w h w t m k a H g pl y p a F l t
no o o H s d st d A lg b
a e o a u on u e , or a or e un er an e ra .

h s v l m o gst m w h w it t h m s lve s S T P w hi h s m
T e re are e e ra pt t i m gi
a s t ds f
n
’
e ,
o r e e e . . . c o e are a o a ne ,
an or

S f t T i i t ti P
acro an c ce t f i t is bs v bl T h t t h C
r n d f S t A th si is t t d v y s vi ly
a s e rse cu ore s or o er a e, a e re e o . an a us re a e er cu r
an d pp b i osly m gs t div s f t h i P i ip ls a d t h Di vi i t y ( y v t h D ivi A m pli sh m t s
ro r ou a on er o e r r nc a n e n na ,
e en e ne cco en
of S vi
ou r
) h d l d by s m f t h s W t h s wi t h m st sh m f l B ff y d C t m p t
a o ur are an e o e o o e re c e
,
a o a e u u o onr an on e .

R m k bly m i
e ar a t f t hi is a t i R g d P pi s t ; w h h f m ly w t
e ne n or s si l F g s, ce r a n e ne a o a o as or er ro e a n on en ca a rra o
ab t t h Pl g
ou d m k s t h W ld b li v
e T h t h ll
a ue : d t k t t a sl t t h W k s f
an t i
a e e or e e e, a e
’
un er a e o r n a e e or o a ce r a n
C l ss i k a d d b t i t h t Cas will re d t h e m ni n e t i m m ridi l o s d i t e lli gibl e t han a y
c an ,
no ou ,
n a e
,
n er e ore cu u an un n n

M li v e is bl t d
an a a e o o .
 A PPE N DI X .
48 ;

h t S I R w hi h giv e s t h
T a t e s t G l s s a d L s t e t o t h i C b l is t his i T h t t h y h v e
c e re s t f lly o ,
n u r e r a a , ,
v z . a e a ar u

d w s m G t N m s i t t e i w ild l t i t di i M s s Thi s I ca t i t h l st w d t f
, ,

n o e re a a e n o r a u n ar an e a u re nno n e ea on er a or
ra , ,

G t M
re a a b t M en, a d re pt t ui t o gi ddy w hi m si l S h m s
en , n th i I f io s
as a E x ll t w o ru n n ,
ca c e e , as e r n er r . ce en as

t h Obs v t i o
e f t h B z i t J b x xxii 9 w h
er a n o h e s ys Gr t M
e u t lw ys Wi s
e, o d I lly l k . . e re a ,
ea en are no a a e : an re a oo

u p sm on t i
o G tl m
e ce r a n am g t h m h w ve ent h w is dig ifi e d a d d i s t i g ish d t be j s t s h
e en on e ,
o e r o er e n n n u e ,
o u uc

a th
no D o ti er t o t he F
ec M ra s as J li a d M x ti w t o A th i m ;
on re e C t ui u s a d V l s
ason , u an n a en as e re e s or on s an n a en ,

t o t he A i H sy r an e re .

I p t s t S I R I h d lik t h v f go t t w h m k s m st I l L u s t i s F e m gst m
H m k s w o d f l B gs o f b i g o f t h e F f th O i
’
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g : I p s m e (as
ro e a e o a e or e n on e an , o e o -
e

d s t il s hi m s l f R S S
, ,

an e d LLD e . an . . e a e n er u ra e n i r r re u

h is M s ) h m s t h F if th O d o f A hi t t ; w hi h is t h w ise lld T h C mp d O d a d
. . .

’
e a a on e e an e r er rc e c u re c o er ca ,
e o ou n r er : n
by i t w ld be t m p t d t i m gi t h t t h D t is C mp si ti of ll s t s f M gg ts d E th si m
one ou e e o a ne ,
a e o c or 3. o o on a or o a o an n u as .

O ne t hi g t h is w hi h m k s m m h ld i afii m i g t his ; d t his is i t

n e re c a e Th D t pre t ds h
e ore o n r n an e o c or en ,
e

d t a M yst i s H s p s Wo d w hi h b l gs t t h A th m p d g i st A
,
’
h asf ou n ou e r ou ocu - i
ocu r , c e on o e na e a ron ou n c a a n n a/n a s

i t h 5t h C h p t of t h A ts ; a d h p t ds T h t g i s t w h m s v h ( M m
,

an d S phi a ra , n e f th a er e c n e ar er re e n ,
a a a n o oe er e as a e

b er o f t h F if th O d ) sh ll p o
e t h is t ibl W d t h P s sh lli st t ly d p d w d d t h y
r er a r n ou n ce e rr e or ,
e e r on a n an ro o n ea ,
as e

did I t im gi h w th D t
can n o cam aby t hi s p o w f l W d
ne ol ss he f d i t i R bl i P t
e o c or e er u or un e ou n n a a ss
’
an a

s s hi h t R p si t i s f i m p h sibl e N s s I ll
.

g l
ru e ; i D F or ll nD i p t y ;r w u tw g er
’
e n sa or c are o re a e o or e o n co re en on e n e .

t k t k p o t f th D t s W y f I m s if he m t s m e an d k o ws m ou t
.

ll t h C e I
’
a e a e ar can , o e e u o e oc o r a or a u re ee ,
n e,

c m s th g d ad a Wi lli m th C q ’
o e t M I LL E S Y LLABI C UM
e re a d I m ,
an as e s a e on u e ror .

Bu t ds
S I R , t o raw t o w ar
n o w, 3 C o n c u s o n ; an d t o g d e m y O n on e ri ou s ,
co n ce rni n g t e e pro
. l i iv pi i s ly h s
s
di gi o u s Vi rtu o i ; li is h
M y Be e f , T at if t he fa l u n e r an y D e n o mi n at o n at all, o r e o n g t o an y S e c t o f y l d i bl
Me , w
n hi c h
h as hi ht e rt o app e ar
’
d i n t h e W o r , t e m a y b e ra n k ’
d am o n g t h e G N OS TI C K S w ho t o o t e r ld h y k hi
i i l hs
Or g n a fro m S i m on M agu s : T e e w e re a S e t o f M e n , w c ri d i c u l’
d n ot on Chri ti an i ty, b u t e e n R a ti on a l hi h ly s v
h h
M ora li ty; t e ac i n g, T at t hey sh ld ou b e sav’d t e r capaci ou K n ow l e d ge , an d Un de r t an di ng o f n o M o rt al by h i s s
d
M an c o ul t e ll w at h h y b bbl d
T e a e o f an am a i n g I n t e l
. lige n ce t e h ad , fro m n o - o n o w w e n ce T e z h y b dy k s h h y
a m u
’
,
sd
an d p zzl d
u e ht h e are -b rai n d
’
,
u n w ar C ro w , t a t fo llo w
’
d ’
e m, w t S upe rs ti ti on s I n t erpre t a t i ons , o f y d h ih
e xtravagan t Ta l s
i sm an i ca lCharacte r , an d a b t ru se S ign ifi ca ti on s, of u n co mm on K aba list/i ck Word s; w i c e actl s h h x y
a re e s wi t
g h
t he P d gs
roce e i n o f o u r M od e rn F ree M ason s .

I am
to i n cl n a i bl e b li e ve T h at by t h Wo d M A S ON t h y m
e ,
a B ild d t h y t k e t he W d e r ,
e e an u e r, an e a or
L
BUI D, i n a F igu ra ti ve d M t ph i k S se ; i t is d A t s xx 3 2 nd i m y t h Pl c s f t he
an e a or c en as us
’
c . . a n an o er a e o
N e w T e st am e n t : i n w hi h P l s t he W d B i ld is d t o sig ify t h F d i g a d E st blishi g f t he
c ace or u ,
us
’
n e ou n n n a n o

Choi s ti an Chu rch If t . his b t h i M e i g t i B h o f C h i t y t o p su m t h t t h s e G t l m

e e r an n ,
’
s no re ac ar re e ,
a e en e en are
M ason i n g an d Bu i ldi g p s m t hi g t h t i t w h t ily t b w i h d t h y w o l d l t al f I m st t k
’
n u o e n ,
a e re e ar o e s e u e on e or u a e
t h e F re e o m t o sa d y T h at t h e e a e S hi s m
,
d F ti s m th
r r o gh al e ady i n our m st E x
c ll t s an ra c on , ore an en u r
,
o ce en

R e i g on l i .

h ll t bl y wi t h t hi g m o e at p s t t h j
S I R, I s a ro u e ou no n r re en ,
an u st tobs v T h t if t he T t f t h s
O er e ,
a en e s o e e Men,
d t i y t hi g t h t is
o c o n a n an d iv t t h I mp m t f M n a co n uc e o e rove en o an n e rs, t he H f G d o th lA dono u r o o , r e rea van t age
of M ki d t h y a g ilt y of
an n p d bl p i e f I j st i re u an u n ar o n a e e ce o n u ce , t l s h b fi i l D gm t f
o co n c e a uc e ne c a o a a ro m t he
W ld B t if o t i wis t h y dv
or . u y t h i g w hi h is
,
c n rar e ,
e a an ce an n ,
c ,
or m ay b D t i m t l d P i i
e e r en a an e rn c ous i t is
t Pi t y i t is t m d P bli k ; t h t i t mi g h t b d a d t ke c
,
’
d c f for D i/u cr
’

g re a ,
xp
no a e u c a e e os ,
e n sur
,
n a t n are o , escen es n ug oe ,

fl ore an t i n m i seri as .

I am , S I R,

You r most H u m ble S ervant ,

VE R US COM M OD US .

R S S I N CE m y wr t n g t
.
,
ii his h v s
I a e e e n a i t t e Tract calld , The Grand M yst e ry of the F re e M l l Di scover d ’
ason s ’

hi h k
w c , as I t a e i t , g e u s a Ge n u n e A ccou n t Of t he Qu e t o n se e ra iv s i
pu t t o t h e M e m e r o f t at si s v lly b s h
i y hi
S o c e t , at t e r A d m i i on , M e e ti ng , & c ss s ls
A s a o o f t e i r Oath, H e alth, S i gns, P oi n t , 8 50 an d t hI . s . his
i l s h
n c o e t at yo u m a
, y a e a fart e r g t in t o t re t e n e h v
M yst eri ou F rat e rni t W e re , a so , yo u
h Li h his p dd s y . h by l
l iv h
wi l pe rce e w at an u ni n t e lli g le J argon t e e Pe o e m a e a M yst e r of ib hs pl k y .
48 2 A P P E N DI X .

L E T T E R I I .

Givi n g an A CC OUN T of t he

M o st A n c i e n t OR D E R of G OR M O G ON S

I t s Orig i n al, I n st i t u t i on , E xce lle n cy an d D e sig n : I t s R u le s ,

an d Ord e rs, an d

t h e M an n e r o f i t s I n t ro d u c t i o n i nt o G re a t Bri t a i n
‘

Wi t h in t ire C o ll e c t i o n o f all t h at has b e e n m ad e P u blick on t h at Occasi on To g e t h e r j it h

’

an .

t he s u pp o s e d R e ason o f t h e ir E xclu d i ng t he F re e M ason s wit h o u t t h e y p re vi o usly u n d e rgo -

,
-

t he F o rm o f Deg ra d a t i on di e , .

l bl b b g i
S I N CE m y ast , t he Ve n e ra e Ord e r of GOR M OGON s h avi n g e e n rou h t n t o E n glan d , by a Chin e se M an d ari n ,
o f g re at Dig y ni t an d N o t e i n his y
o wn Cou n t r , I co u ld n ot d y
en s
m y- e lf t h e Pl s
e a u re t o iv p i l
g e you as art cu ar
an A cco u n t as h as c om e t o m l d h b d
y K n o w e ge , o f w at has e e n on e an d pu blis d s n ce h ’
i his iv l l i g
A rr a , re at n t o
s blishi h
t he E t a i y his sl d
n g t at S o c e t in t I an .

i d h p h v s i
Y o u , S ir, are n o t t o b e n fo rm e , T at t h e Chi n e z e re t e n d t o a e A cco u n t o f T m e an d Tran sact i o n , s
y h s d
m an T ou an Y e ar sb e fo re A d a/m i h hi
A n d I am n o w t o acq u a n t you , T at t e r fi r t C e f M on arc , o rs hi h
p si b ld is i s
E m e ror, as h e has n ce e e n cal e , w h o , t h o ’ E u rope an H t o r an fre q u e n t y call h i m l by h
an o t e r N am e , w as
co m m o n ly k
i n Chi n a, n o wn by h t at o f C H I N -QU A W K Y P O, is si
t h e I n t t u t or o f t -
his d a
d
Or e r, for t h e R e w ar o f
i g i h s s
M e r t , an d E n c ou ra e m e n t o f S c e n ce , i n t o t at K i n gd om of P hi lo ophe r , m an Ce n t u r e y i sb e fore A d am An d I .

s
mu t nee ds confess h ,
h i ly
T at as t e r on s hi h h y hi y
Bo a t i s n o t t e r A n ti q u i ty, bu t t at t e c e fl ai m t o e t a s blish h i t e r
d h
Or e r o n t he M E R I T o f t e i r M e m e r b s y bid i
t he fa r t o t a llyto ec i l ps h i y hi h i h
e t he o t e r S o c e t , w c , w t ou t an
y
h
o t e r R e gar ds h i s i l y
t an t h e E n t ran ce -F n e , an d co n e q u e n t al G u t t on , an d E r e t , b i y p is ro m sly
cu ou ,
ih
an d w t ou t

is i i d is
D t n ct on , a m t t h e Wort hy an d t h e Un w o rt hy .

This d s s ll h
O e , i t e e m , as w e as t h e o t e r, h as a S E CR E T , an d , as I am
r r i n f o rm ’
v y x
d , i t i s o f a e r e t ra
d y
or i n ar h l ss d is i h sh k
N at u re b u t w at , I am w e l a u r’ , ne t e r o c i n
g t o D e ce ncy, t o H u m a n i t y, or t o M ora l
s,
t h o
’

p i
I can n o t e n e t rat e n t o t h e N at u re o f i t l iv i s
A s t h e C u t at n g o f Art an d S c e n ce s i is t hep i ip l
r nc a E n d of i t s
si i l P s b s i i y i P d i s
.

I n t t u t on , G e n t e m e n of Wi t an d art , w ho are M e m e r o f i t , e n t e rt a n t he S o c e t w t h su ch ro u ct on ,
ih h h s y
e t e r o f t e i r o wn , o r o t e r , as are t rul C ur ou , w e t e r i ni s h h P s
ro e s v y i
or V e r e , i n e e r l
S c e n ce , as w e l
h i l Lib l
M e c an ca as e ra A n d for t
. his s s
R e a on , i n ge ni ou M e ch an i ck s are far fro m bi xl dd
e n g e c u e , e ac h bi e ng
g d his
e n cou ra e , in o wn p i art cular Way, t o e ce x l h y s s disd i
N or d o t e , i t e e m , . an to div i
e rt an d e n t e rt a n o n e

h i h pl s
an o t e r w t a e a an t S o n g, so as i t is y
n ot con t rar t o D e c e n c y an d g o o d s s p P y
M an n e r , an d t u rn n ot u on art
or P iik
ol t c s .

An d this l ds ea l h
m e t o t e l you , T at t h e on ly P v s i
o i n t o f C o n e r at on w hi h is
c e xpre sly prohi bi d is h
te , t at
of t he P l i ks h i
o it c o f t e r o wn Co u n t r y hi h s x l ss y l s
w c i s a m o t e c e le n t an d n e c e ar R u e , b e cau e , as t h e S oc e t y i
c on sis s i i s P s si s
t o f n ge n ou M e n o f all e r u a on , an d n o o b dy is x l d d
e c u e p iv pi i
for hi s r at e O n on , D isp s igh ute m t
h is is h h d ds i si i s h p p i y
,

o t e rw e ar e , w i c w o u l cre at e F e u an d A n m o t e am on g t e m The ro agat n g t h e con t rar of

hi h s s d l il
w c , i s, i t e e m , a fu n am e n t a A rt c e am on g t e m h .

l i s s i hi h ld x ys i
A ft e r t h e Qu a ifi c at on o f t he Pe r on are e xam i n ’d n t o (w c , I am t o , i s e t re m e l t r ct ) an d approv ’d ,
s
t h e T e rm o f E n t ran ce are e r e av y sy s d h iv s ih
I n t e a o f T re e , F ou r, or F e Gu i n e a , w h c t he M a on re q ui re for s s
d issi
A m h
on , t e y on ly d p si s h
e o te uc a S u m as t e h y sh ll hi k p p b v
a t n ro e r a o e so m an y R upe es .

F R U G A LI TY is x i y j i
o n e e t rao rd n ar I n u n ct on w t ih h h
t e m , t at so t e h y m ay a o v id t he R o cks hi h h s
on w c ot e r

ly spli
t o o fre q u e n t t : A n d t he li l sy
tt e e a s i s
F orfe i t ure an d F n e o f E n t ran ce , are d p si d
e o te ds
i n t he H an
. of a

s
H U P U, or Tre a u re r, t o be disp s d i h
o e h i bl s s h v
o f e t e r t o C ar t a e U e , w e n e e r an y ca am t o u l i s s s
C a e offe r , o r for
s i s
t h e E n c ou rag e m e n t o f A rt an d S c e n ce ; R e e r n g a s vi P p i h
ro ort on t e re o f t o w ar ds a G e n e ral s h h
F ea t, w et e r
l
i art e rly, H a f -Y e ar ly or Y e ar ly d s lid i
at e t h e Un o n o f t h e se e rav l
gi pt , ,
I can n o t say, i n or e r t o ce m e n t an d co n o
la e rs .

Th Offi e w h p sid s i C hi f v
ce r o re t h e w h l e B dy o O d
e n e o er m st b o M f Q li t y
o r d Le r eri g,
u e a an o ua an arn n ,

a d is
n ll d I m t ld S b O m i l V lg H i p
ca e ,
as a o ,
u - e cu e n ca t d by
o ee. th G
e t Offi s re st il d D p t y
e e se n e an o er re a ce r, e e u

V l
o g wh
ee, d hi m g ve s t h S i t y T h e is Thi d G t Offi c wh a t s as P s s o v e e ach p
o u n er o rn e oc e . er a r re a er o c res e r ar

R p is Chi C iu eeb t t h V l f 2 6d S t li g
a n eze o n a ou e a ue o s
. . er n .
48 4 A P P E N DI X .

m e t wi t h as s fi t i Hea am on g t h e F ai r S ea , as I h a
u c en t ds ve i t h n e Brothe rho od And I
: a e so m e R e a on to h v s s
fe ar, h
t at o u r S e cre t are in D an e r o f e n
g e xp d
o s
’
T s g bi . h e is i
er
,
n t he C o n d u c t o f t o o m an
,
i n ce t e i r A m y s h d is
si on , t he

Coe cu s am or sui ,
E t t o ll
en vacu u m pl us n i m i o Gl s ori a ve rt i ce m

A rcan i gue F id es prod i g a, pe rlu ci di or vi t ro

w hi h i xp ssly p hibi t d
c s e re ro e by E x c ll t R l
ou r d C ti t e en u e s an on s u t i on s;
hi h is t h v y Ch t i t i k
an d w c e er arac e r s c
of t h F o ls t h t w e
e iv o a er re ce e d i t t h L dg s at R m i t h
n o e o e o e, n e D f A g st
a ysC o ; d wh f u u us aesar an e re o o ur
B th H m pl i dv h m t ly i th B t wh te v
,

ro er orace co a ne e e Od t o V
en wh ,
n an e aru s , o w th
as G d M t en e ran as e r. u a er
H d mee t h s m y i m gi
o s o er a a ne t h y m y l wf lly
e d di s c t ly
a a u an re e u se , my C s i t b o k th m
on c e n ce can n o r o e .

— N ON E GO TE
I N VI T UM QUA TI A M : N E C
S UB D I V UM R A P I A M

d s
M y F e m a e R e a e r , an d , I ’m f id s m l
f t h B th h d t m y st p h e e d st if I h d a ra ,
o e o e ro e r oo oo, a o r , an are , as a
h l s h s Li s M y F i d T y J y gl h pp i g t st his E y p t hi
blabb ’d ou t t h e w o e M y t e ry i n t e e ne . ren on n e, a en n o ca e u on s
P p w h I w w i t i g i t k d m W h t h t h b v W ds d D sh s w d t b d yph d i t o
a e r, en as r n ,
as
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th f m e sM a W d ? B t I m st l v F l k s t h t k w
ou ason b tt t t h i W d ; d p
or dtu u ea e o ,
a no no e e r, o e r on er an ro c e e o
a ss m y lt y B th t h t t h y h v p m t d S p ti ti
u re
'

d B bbli g
re t y t th P
re n , f
a e a e ro o e u e rs on an a n , con rar o e e ace o ou r
S v o ig d t h K i g by t h i l t P
e re n ti sor d C d ti e A l mi g R p ts n d S t i s f i si g
,
e r a e rac ce an on e sce n on s . ar n e or ,
an or e o ra n
t h D E VI L
e f W I T C H E S L A D D E R S H A L T E R S DR A WN S WOR D S
, o d D A R K R OOM S h v e sp
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C f si
on u d Te o T d
on an d B si ss d F m i ly D ty h v b r r sh m f lly gl t d A d i f t he
. ra e an u ne ,
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a e een a e u ne ec e : n ,

G v o m t d s
e rn t p t t h L w s g i st
en i Ex oeti i t wi ll b e
no e xt di y F v
u Oe i ght a a a n us n e cu on , an rao r n ar a o u r, or ve rs .

F m y w P t I m so f i t h f l S bj t
or o n d h v t h W l f t h g d P pl
ar ,
a f E gl d d f O
a u a u ec , an a e e ea o e oo eo e o n an ,
an o ur
A i t Od
n c en s m h t H t th t I h v
r e r, l d ov t t e
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e ar ,
a a e re so v
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M t p ts as er S t p t th s P u d i gs by sp dy d p m p t y C h g t ll t h B th h d I d
a o o e e t
ro ce e n ,
a ee an e re or ar e o a e ro e r oo . o no
sa y I will t t ly f s k f
,
l ss di v lg t h t m d s S t f
u er S ie ty : B t I Wi sh I
or a e, ld h ar bly e u e e re en ou e cre s o our oc u co u o n oura
t
en er ni t A th t h t s m s t b b tt t bli h d d g l t d
o no e r, a ee o e e er e s a s
’
,
an re u a e .

A d w t h t I h v hi t d t
n
,
th
no S i ty Od I m st
a t t i my R d s wi t h Tw o L e t t s
a e n e a an o er oc e ,
or r e r, u en er a n ea er er
t h fi st i dd d t m ys lf d t h l st w i tt f om R m t t h A t h f t h fi st
’
e r s a re ss o e ,
an e a ,
r en r o e, o e u or o e r .

H A N G CH I to t he B ri t ish P LA IN D E A LE R : H e alth .

S age S I R ,
BY t h e H e lp of y ou r L cu b t i s d w i t t his E pis t l t
m y S e cre t ary an d I n t e rp re ter I pe rus e ss al
l
‘

u ra on an r e e, o a u re

y f m y E st m
ou o ee .

I m i f m d t h t y u h v e t k e N ti f th A d t i s m t p bli h d i th N ws P p s d th t
’ ’
a n or a o a a n o ce o e ve r e en u s n e e a er an a
,

li d t t h C st l T i F l t t t t b t i fy d f th T th f m y A iv l i t his Pl Y
’ ’
y ou ca a e a e a ve rn n e e s re e , o e sa s o e ru o rr a n ace . ou r

E q i y
n d t h e C v s ti
u r , yan h d w it h m y S t y gi v m O si t g t ify y f t h
on er a on d I m ou a e cre ar , e e cca on o ra ou ar er an a
p d t d ist i g ish
rou o fy M it i t h M n u Ii t d on e o ou r er ,
n e an n e r n en .

T h L ws d C t i t ti f t h m st i t d ill st i s O d f GOR M OGON S bli g t b v y r er o

“

e a an on s u ons o e o an c e n an u r ou o e us o e er

cauti df g li o u s and m i tti g w M m b s R m k bl Vi t h v e l ways

ru a ,
n a mm d d t h C did t s
n ne e er . e ar a e r ues a a re c o en e e an a e .

N R k St ti
o anC di t i ,
f Li f i t i t l s
a P s t b of
on , o r F t on i ty We k w P j di
on o r e ,
n e a e r on o e ou r ra e rn . no no re u ce , no

P ti lit y i
ar o fa i g t his H ,
d all t h e I t
n c n e rr n t i t h W ld t o p i t w ld b e f i t l ss w i t h
o n ou r an n e res n e or ro cure , ou ru e ,

out M it er .

M y R sid h will b b t sh t I te e n cet th f b xp t d t h t I sh ld i vi t e m y w thy

e re e u or . can n o e re o re e e ec e ,
a ou n an or
P s to t i t
e r ons Od ; da I d i t ch ap d
e n e r n o ou r t m p t ibl by d mi t t i g v y P t d
r er n or re re n er e an con e e ,
a n e er re en er
B t I k w s v
u l P s s f Q li t y
no d F shi
e e rai t h i s Pl wh t e r only d s v e t b o iv d d t ua an a on n ace , o ru e er o e re c e e ,
an o
w h m I h v p mi d t h D i t i t i
’
o a e ro s e s nc on .

I sh ll sid i t aH d Ocon m t to rm t
er i t as and ill s t i s O d w hi h is t ho n ou r an rn a en ou os an c e n an u r ou r e r, c e
O t f ll i t M m b s if y S g S i wi ll b pl p t t h P i vi l g s t h t I m m p w d t ’
m
rn a en o a d t
s e er
,
ou , a e r, e e as
’
o acce e r e e ,
a a e o er o
b st w t h D i g I
e o on f ss y m st b D E G RA D E D
e ese rv n L ws q i
. d
c on e d ,
ou u e , as o ur a re u re ,
an re n ou n ce ,
an
b d o t h S i t y f M s i t h fi s t Pl
a an n, e B t a y
oc e g t J d gm t m st di st i g ish t h E x l
o ason ,
n e r ace u ,
s ou r re a u en u n u e ce

l f
e n ce o O de b o v th t th I h p y wi ll p f b i g F ll w wi t h U N t hi g w d m o
o ur r r a e a o e r, o e ou re er e n a e o s
. o n ou
’
re
se nsibly m wh I l v L d
c o n ce rn th t t be bl t t e, sm it y N m i t h List t h t I m s t
en ea e on on , an n o o a e o ran o ur a e n e ,
a u
s d t t h OE CUM E N I CA L VOL GE E i Chi
en o e n na .

I am , S age S I R ,

Y arn Afi e cti on ate F ri e n d ,

H A N G CH I .
 A P PE N DI X .
48 5

S H I N S H A W t o H A N G CH I i n Lo n don : H e a lt h .

i
s
M o t I llus tri ou Brother s an d F r e nd,

g t l at y
I Co n t h sp d y P g ss y
ra u e h v m d f m th C
ou on t of t h e Y
e
g S ; by i P
ee i d ro re ou a e a e ro e ou r ou n o n e rs a, an

y s fe A i v l i t h I sl f B i t i Y P s
ou r a rr a is n st ly xp t d t R m H i H li s is f d
e e o r a n . ou r re e n ce e arn e e ec e a o e . s o n es on
of Od ou r d t h C di l h
r e r, an E m l ti t b fi st d i t i g i h d
e ar O E x ll t B t h
na s GOR av e an u a on o e r s n u s
’
. ur ce en ro er
M OGON d B th r M d i
an CH A N F UE i w ll
ro d s l t s y
e Si an m y l s t I h d A d vi s f m
ar n , ,
s e ,
an a u e ou . n ce a ,
a ce ro

P hi ew hi h n, fi m f m A u ts th t
c co nE mp r i p E m y t t h Mis i
or er
yJcco i ts B t I n ,
a ou r e ror s an o en ne o e s on ar esu : u
p y t h i D isg e i Chi m y t p ov k e t he E p s t u U ill T k C
rac n n a, f yo H lt h
a no r o u ro e an

fi
ra , ar o se s . a e are o ur ea .

F are we
S H I N S HAW .

h k f lly k w l d g t he H
I t an u d
ac m by t he ill st i s M d i H A N G CH I ; d t h I
no e e on ou r on e e ,
u r ou an ar n an ,
o
’

t p v il w i t h m ys l f t o b D E GRA D E D i t h M
c an n o re a q i d by t h L w
e e d C t i t ti s f t he ,
n e an n e r re u re e a s an on s u on o

Od f GOR M OGON S I app

r er o d ppl d t h i j di i s ,
d s t i t Vi t i d mi t t i g
ro ve , b t
an a au , e r u c ou an r c r ue, n a n n on e , u

wh m M it o mm d s i t t h F l l w ship f t h OE C UM E N I CA L VOL GE E
er re c o en ,
n o M v I p p se t he
e e o o e . o re o e r, ro o

g d C d
oo t d R g l i t y f t h GOR M OGON S
on uc ,
an e P tt
u ar t th F d A pt d M
o e s f th ,
as a a e rn o e re e an cce e ason , or e

F t A d if I sh ll b e e
u u re n bl e d t o m ake a y u s fu l D is v i s f t h S vi ce of t h B th h d t h y m ay
,
a na n e co er e or e er e ro e r oo , e

d p e d o m y w t hf l F id li t y
e n n a c u e .

[ Th f th A t ho of the Pl i D l e ]
us ar e u r a n- ea r .

I s x l bl i y his
gu e s w hy so e ce le n t an d lau d a e a S o c e t as t
can n o t o f t h e GOR M OGON S , ou t in it sh ld h k
h h i hil
w ort t e r w k il xl s s h h y sh l d
e t o m a e i t an A rt c e t o e c u d e t h e F re e -M a on , o r t at t e ou c o n cl e sc e n d t o t a e so k
h i h
m u c N o t ce o f t e m x p h h h h v h d p d hi
E ce t t e re b e an y T ru t i n w at I a e e ar re o rt e , an d t o w c I can n o t gi e h v
i di h vi g v h d
i n t re C re t , a n n e e r e ar i t fro m a Grad ua t e d Gorm ogon p is his h Th e R e o rt t ,
T at t h e M an d ari n has .

d e cl d
are , t h at m an y s s h ppy b sy P s s
Y e ar i n ce , Tw o u n a s h v g b
u e r on
,
w h o w e re M ason , a in o t ru e t e ir e d d h idl
s
N o t i o n am o n g t he Vu l g a Chr i n e z e ,
o f A d am ,
an d S o l om ll
on ,
an d H i ra m , a
n d I can t t e w h o e d e , e i n g
’
b si s b
s h ss s hi h
C raft m e n o f t e i r Ord e r, an d o ffe ri n g t o a e rt , t hat A d am w as t h e fi r t M an w c i n Chi n a,
-
,
it e e m , is s s
re ce iv d
e si d
as a H e t erod oa N ot i on , an d t hat t he gre at Chi n -Qu aw-K y-P o, t he I n t t u t o r o f t he Or e r o f Gorm og on s ,

w as o f l y
a t er D at e , m an is h h P i h
C e n t u r e , t an t at h vi b sid s at r arc an d a n g, e e , d e fl o we r d a v e n e ra
’
e OLD bl
l i i h y ll d
G e n t e wo m an , u n d e r t he N o t o n o f m ak n g he r an E u rope an H I R A M I T E (as t e ca e i t ) t e w e re t a e n h y k
u p, an d o bl d P bli k h i bs di i s
i ge t o re can t , in u c , t e r A s ih h s
u r t e , an d aft e rward , w t C arac t e r o n t e r Bre a t , hi ss
i hi
d e n ot n g t e r O ff e nhi i l
ce ,
a n d t e r V o e n c e o n t h e kO ld lk
V o m a n ,
w e re h an
g d Bac t o Bac , on a G
’
e t , e re c t e ibb d
h P p s
fo r t at h h
u r o e , 60 F o o t d l p i s Pl i s
i g , i n t h e m i d e o f a s ac o u il s a n, om e M e from t he gre at C t N an gki n g, iy
h h i di s l d
w e re t e r Bo e w e re e ft t o be F oo t o t h e F o w ls v s b
of t he A i r A n d e e r i n ce , i t has e e n an A rt c e am o n g il
xl b s h i y ih hyfis
t h e Gorm ogon s, t o e c u d e t h e M e m e r o f t at S oc e t , w t o u t t e l r t u n d e r o a so e m n D e rad a ti on
g g ,
et c .

Bu t t his y l v b li j
S t or I e a e as I fi n d , fo r you t o e e v e or re e c t as you pl s h vi g v ea e a n n e e r h e ar i t , as I a e d h v
i
sa d , fro m t h e M o u th o f a Gorm ogon hi k s si ss
Th o m e t n , t h e Bu n e
’
. o f t h e OLD Ge n t le w o m an affor ,
as ou r ds
We e k ly P l i i s
o i t c an p l i h p
say, M at e r o f S e cu at on ; an d , at t h e w orst , I o e t h e i n rage d M at ron w e n t t o o far i n
id h s h
he r E v e n ce , an d w as rat e r a lu t e d t an vi o la te d .

Bu t h v his
o w e e r t d
b e t h e g o o i sO r d e r ani y
d R e gu l at h v
on o f t h e S o c e t o f G or m ogon s,
a e so m u c a lar m
’
d h
h
t e M ason s an d c o hn v i n c
’
ssi y
d t e m o f t he N e ce i b hi h h v p
t o f co rre ct n g t he A u se s w c a e cre t i n t o t e i r F rat e rn t , h iy
h s Pl s d ll i dv is by h
,
’
t at w e o on aft e r h ad t h e h f A su ppos d t o b e pu bli sh d
’
e a u r e t o re a t e o ow n g e r t e m e n t t e m , in '

t h e D ai l h h sh l l v
y J ou rn a l, on w i c I k h ks hi k
a l e a e i t t o you , S i r, t o m a e w at R e m ar you t n fi t .

g hi b
ON M i chae lm as D ay, e i n t he 2 9 t h of t s I n t an t S epte m be r, a N e w L odge w be o pe n ’d , at t h e S t A lban ’ s ill s
l i s hi h h v p i
.

T ave rn , i n S t A lban S tree t, for re gu at n g t h e M od e rn A bu se s, w c

’
. a e cre t n t o t h e A n ci e n t F ra t e rn i ty o f

F re e -M ason s w h e re
’
ds d h
t i s e i re , t at all t h e o l d re a lM a on w b e re e n t , t o acc o m an t e r F o u n e r , s s ill p s p y hi d s viz
h i is ls s
.

J a be l, J u be l, Tu ba l Cai n , and t e r S t e r N aham a , a o N i n e ve h, M arcu , Gracchus, E u cl i d , H i e rom , Charle s

h d d
M arti n , A the lst on e , an d t e i r go o F ri e n S t A lban , w h o love d M ason ry we ll .

si d h s s h v
.

’
T s
i d e re ,
t a t a ll F a ther ,
M aste r ,
an d W a rd en s o f L odges, w h o a e d i sc ove r d n o S e cre ts bu t t o t h e
’

Brot he rhood , w l b e re e n t il s d
N o n e un e r S eve n w l be a m t t e , an d su c as co m e , are t o e n t e r t h e L odg e , on
. il d i d h
t h e bare H an d an d ee s l n ,
as u u a .

Th s u , h v I giv y ll I k n w
S i r, a e ll e t r l t i g t o t his A ff i
en ou a o ,
o r can co c ,
e a n a r an d if e ve r yo u h
e ar fro m

me g i
a a n on t his S bj t i t w i ll b i a f w R E M A R K S
u ec ,t h t m pt y B k ll e n e on a e oo ca e d , T he Con s ti tu t i on s, & c of
—
.

t he F re e M s w it t
a ons , I m t ld by
r P byt i
e n , as T h d p mp
a sly o , a res e r an e ac e r, an o ou re com m e n d d by
e a ce rta n i
R e ve d Orth d ox t h o M th m ti lD ivi ’
re n o ,
I th m ti m I e m i n
a e a ca ne . n e e an e, r a ,

You r ve ry H u m ble S e rvan t,

VE R US C OM M ODUS .

VOL . III .
48 6 A PP E N DIX .

P OS T S C R I P T .

l si hi
S I N C E t h e c o n g t s Le t t e r, I a e h ad t h e h v Pl s iv
e a u re t o re ce hi h h
e an A cco u n t , w c I m u c d e si r’d , o f t he
d
D e ri va ti on o f t he Wo r GOR M OGON is y
an d , as i t i s ve r ifi d
C u r o u an d S ign can t , an d I s n o t m a e a S e cre t o f,
I co u ld i
n o t b u t n fo rm yo u o f i t is . Its s , sig i yi g
i t e e m , a Compou n d Word i n t h e Ch in e z e T o n g u e , n f n A
P s d l s i s by
e r o n m a e I lu t r o u by
S oci a lL ove , his
t h e E xce lle ncy o f by Ge n i u s, an dhis s t he A n ti q u i ty o f D e ce n t :
h
F or GOR i n t at m o t e s xp ssiv L g g si ifi s
re e an u a e , s v l bl i l h
g n e Bro t he r, o r F ri e n d , t h e m o t a u a e T t e o n E art ;
d i
M O 1 8 a Wo r o f E m n e n ce , pre fi x d t o a N am e o r T n
’
hi g dis i ish , to t n gu si i s
i t s E xce lle n cy ; an d G ON , gn fi e
is bs v bl h
A n t i q u i t y o r Le n g th of C on t i n u a n ce : A n d i t o er a P vie , T at t he ro hi h
n c e o f M O G ON i n Chi n a w
,
c w as
l si i pl
fo rm e r y t h e R e d e n c e , B rt h P
ace , an d l h i at e rn a I n e r t an ce o f t h e G re at Chi n Qu a w K y P o (as i t s N am e
d s s s is s pl i l
[ M O GON ] e n o t e The m o t E xce lle n t an d m o t A n ci e n t K i ngd om ) on e o f t he m o t e n t fu an d flo u r in g
-
ish
P vi s h v s
ro n ce o f t at pi
a t E m re .

In sh o rt , S i r, I am so pl i h his x ll
e as d w t
’
t i y h
e ce sh l ly i
e n t S o c e t , t at I y a l on w a t for o u r R e t u rn fro m t he
y d bi
C o u n t r , n o t o u t n g b u t yo u w ill j i y o n s ih h
o u r I n t e re t w t d b s
m e , t at w e m ay b e re co m m e n d e as M e m e r
h v h s
( o we e r o t e rwi e u n w ort hy his i d
I m ay be o f t A n c e n t Or e r .

By this i T m e yo u will L h i h au g P
w t m e at t he si s re t e n on o f t he s lk
poor M as ons (w h o , I am t old , n o w cu
b s si
a o u t , an d m e e t i n C orn e r ) h yp
n ce , as t e d d iv h ire t e n i y h ys
t o e r e t e r A n c e n t r fro m Ba be l, t e ss e e m t o con f e ,
h h y d h i i d d
t at t e fo u n t e r Ord er o n Confu si on ; A n d n e e , I am m u c h pl s d i h h h d i g i s
ea e , w t w at I e ar an n e n ou

GO R M O G O N xp ss
e re his
0 11 t si O c i h hi h sh l
ca on ,
w t w c l d I a l c o n c u .e s id
W e are hn o t d i s
pl e as
’
d, a b e , T at
hs s s hs s h
t e e H e we r o f S t on e , an d D ra we r o f Wa te r, t e e m e re P re te n de r t o n o t hi n g rn ore t an L a bou r an d M e chan i cks,
'

b s h hi
w h o o a t so m u c o f t e r H od m a n —hip, s - sh ld p d d iv h i
ou re t e n igi ls
to e r e t e r OrPl h na fro m an y ac e , w e re
h yh v
t e a e happe n d t o re ad o f Bu i l
’
s s v
d i n g o r M on u m e n t o f A n ti q u i t y, o r fro m Ba be l, fro m N oah, o r e e n fro m
d v p i h
A dam : We co ul e e n e rm t t e m t o go t s ill dd hi s b hi s
highe r, an d e u ce t e r R i e e fo re t h e E art d t e lf w as cre at e ,
am o n g t he I nfern a lF ou n de rs o f PA N DE M ON I UM fo r t h e E re ct n g o f w i hi h y igh h i
ch t e m t q u o t e th e A u t or t y
o f t h e Gre at M i l hi
t o n ; an d , as a far fe tch d A n t i q u i ty I s t e r on l
-
’
i h h y h
y P ri d e , so m g t t e , w i t e q ua l J us t i ce , an d
h s lv s iv h i i l
e q ua l R ep u t at i on t o t e m e h
e , d e r e t e r Or gi n a fro m t at I nfern a lCapi t a l h,
as fro m Ba be l Bu t l
. et t em,
s id sh
a he , h i s Pl
e w u s o n ce , T at M e ri t , i n t h e F r t gh di
ace , or o u s
t t e n n g t o E d ifi cati on , t o M ora l , t o I mprove
h s s hi h h y p d li
m e n t o f t o e A rts an d S ci e n ce , w c t e lay so ro u a C a m t o , are an y art o f t e r C o n P hi sid i e rat on or,
ly h
S e c o nd , T s his
at an y F re e M a o n , aft e r
‘

-
b ih s hi dly
C o m m e n ce m e n t , e c am e e t e r a wi e r o r a be t te r M an ; or, T r ,
h d s h x pl s hi h h y l
T at Cai n , N i m rod , S em i ram is , an d t h e F ou n e r o f Ba be l, are n o t rat e r t he E am e w c t e fo l o w
“
an d I l
’
v h h sh ll
l gi e m y Vo t e , t at t e y d i d
a be a m t t e ih Gorm ogon s w t ou t D egrada ti on , an d b e n o lon ge r t h e
s t an d i n g J est o f t he Vu l g ,
ar an d t h e D e s
ri si on o f M e n o S e n e
f .
”

l d d h sv i h h s P s s s s l
H e c o n c u e wi t a e e re S t n g , “ T at t o e e r on w ho saw t h e M a o n go re e i n g H o m e , at u n e a on s s
bl
a s
e H ou r , aft e r a M e e t i n g or a L odge -N ight , w ou ld si l g x pl
n o t q u e t on t h e i r fo l o wi n t h e E am e o f N oah, i n

h s l
t at I n t an ce , at e ast , o f his ih
ge tt i n g d ru n k w t i his
t he F ru t s of d v
o wn P l his
an t a t i on , an d i sco e rin g
N ake d ne ss, t o S he m , H am , an d J aphe t ” .
48 8 A PP E N DI X .

Wh en yo u w ou e nter a o ou m u ld L dg y 11 c a e n ge you e st k n oo k th re e t mei s at t h e D o o r, an d t hy e

’
h ll .

Q A re yo u a F re e a on -
M s ?
i d d
.

A Y e s , n e e , I am .

sh ll k
.

Q H ow a I n ow it ?
k s— I D 7 — i i h h
.

ig s
A By S n an d T o e n
.
1 f rom m
y E n t ran ce n t o t h e K t c e n , an d fro m t e n ce t o

t he H a ll .

Q W at h is t he fi r t s P i
o nt of y
ou r E n t ran ce
l P i h vi
.

A H e ar an d c o n ce a , o n a n of a n g m y T hroat cu t o r T o n g u e pu ll’
d on t .

h d s il — dsg i his i h h sh p e R i g t W or
.

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0

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s shi l ll s
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.

a a e a u an er ec o e

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.

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.

n e a e o e so e e n - us e re o as n e er e ar ar r oc ro ,
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o r e ls w h e e re .

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an o n e e re n e o
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.

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A Th M s t s N E a d t h e F ll o ws E s te P ss g
.

S E th W d e a er . .
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A Y s . e .

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h d s
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Q W e re o e t he M ast e r lace hi s M ar o n t he Wo r ?
. .

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h l
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l an s we r, h h
.

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ans w Th is o Li gh t w i t h t A bs e o f D k ss
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H t a d y C hi t h t h B t h wi ll l p his Rig h t H d t t he ig ht sid o f hi H t a d b i g i t t

un er our n en e ro er c a an o r e s a , n r n o
t h L ft S id u d
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ou L ft a d a e r ou r oo ,
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e r ou u a nc ou r ee o ou r ro er n e en a ou r an
t his L ft W is t d d w t he t h H d f m y R ig ht E t t h L ft d y Chi d th h ll
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p t h i s R igh t H
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T k w aM s p iv t ly y pl e y R i gh t H l t o hi s Ri gh t I t p p t y R igh t A m o v his
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,
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Wh M s ligh t s f m his H s h l ys t h S t i p ve t h H s s N k
.

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en a a on a ro or e e a e rru o r e or e ec .
,
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ca g c m p y y m st c gh t h t i m s k o k i st an y t hi g t h
a a n ou r a on o an , ou u ou re e e ,
or n c ag a n n re e
t im es .

A M s t sh w his N ssi t y t h
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464 o 111 . Ball t s p t f
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ti d Y k
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. .
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'

o f, ii 47 , 2 1 1 , 2 8 2 , a a o, S o e ee a o ro
b d L dg i L s iii B lt i m L d m d M s i St
. . , . . .

A e r e e n — o e o f, 42 2 ; aw an d 3 3 9 , 42 3 , 47 8 ; 2 o re
—L l d
a or a e a a on n
p yph l s ip s R k s H ill
.
,

s L dg lis
. .

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b s L k i z B q t s i 1 9 6 3 9 0 41 5 ; ii 3 3 3
, . . .

er 1 67 0, 43 4 o c e M S , 1 48 7 ; S t e n m e t C at e an ue
p d s s ii his l l B b d s F m s yi
. . . .
, . .
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A cce t e M a o n , 6, 1 50 c m, 48 9 M a co m Can m ore ar a oe 3 63 re e a on r n , 11 1

ddi i l i ii h s l t h A b be i 8 ;
. .
, . .

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h lg B sl F m s yi
.

i
. , . .
,
. . .

A d o n h i ram S e e H ram A bifl C art e r o f C o o n e , 49 6 ; an d t h e

'

a e re e 2 90 a onr n , 1 11

d d s s ii h s B t t P li m t t h 3 66 ; ii 48
. . , . .

A o pt e M a o n , 6 Larm e n i u s C art e r, 49 8 N ot e on a ar a en e, 1
d p i L dg s o f—fo rm e d F igh s pl s By t h L dg s i
. .
.
, .
. .

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pp i s ii E m pi
.
,

iii ll d
. .
,

1 55 ; i n H o an , 2 05 A re n t ce , , 2 64, 2 68 . G m er VI an re ,
i F s y yp iii bi Phil s phy ii h is E g iii 3 01
. . . .

A fr ca, re e m a o n r i n — E g t , 3 40 ; A ra an o o 69 B e au arn a u e ne ,
is lg i B km D J P
.
.
, , .
. .

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s s Lib i z s g i p bli F s y t h B t h s iii 1 3 3

. . . .
, .
, , .

We t Co a t , e r a, 3 43 ; t he A o re , A r e n t n e Re u c, re e m a on r in , Bed arrid e e ro er
l s si h iii Bl h G v J t h ii 2 69 ;
, , . .

S t H e e n a, A ce n o n , 3 44 ; S o u t 38 1 e c e r, o e rn o r ona an ,

i i b s s s p s pl iii 42 4 445 4 46
. . .

A fr ca, 3 44 ; R e u n o n o r Bo u r o n , A rm o f M a on , Car e n t e r , e t c , at e .

i i s I sl d s ib d ii B lgi m F m s y i —fi t p i d
.
, , .

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y h ll s z bi s g i 2 09 ; s d p id
.
, ,

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111 e co n ero
i L g iii
. . .
,

1 7 8 7 1 8 1 3 2 1 2 ; t hi d p i d 1 8 1 4
.
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A fr can o d e , t h e , 4 64 .
- r er o
g J s ii iii A m y L dg A m i 8 6 2 1 2 ; M ili t y L dg i
.
, ,

450—
'
A ar, am e , 452 , 4 9 7 , 501 ; 9, r o 41 8
e, e r c an , 1 1 1 . 407 ar o e n,

As si F m s y i iii 3 44 B ll M
. . .
, .

13 ce n on , re e a on r n, e ii i 3 9 7rs,

j P iii A sh m l E li s
.
, .

di t i t h p f ssi
. . .

A g d o lo , M a o r A de , 2 67 o e 15 75 9 8 1 2 9 136 a 11. B e ne c ne , f e ro e on o a, 11.

hi z lp h
.
. . .
, , , , , , ,

A m an R e o n ; or, A H e t o a Brot e r, 1 40 1 43 1 61 1 68 1 7 0 3 3 8 228

ii A si F m s y i iii 3 2 4 ; B g l vl L dg f 3 1 6
.
, , , , , .

3 6, 2 8 7 , 441 , 443 , 4 54 a, re e a o nr n, en a B e ne o e n ce , o e o 11 1
i sli J s F s 3 2 5 ; M d s 3 3 2 ; B mb y 3 3 4 ; B g l F m s y i m 32 5
. . .
, , .
, .

A n e , Re v in
’

am e , a re e m a on a ra o a en a re e a onr n

i C yl 337 J v
.
,

B kshi A t i q i t i s f d s ip t i
, , , . .

1 652 , 444 e 337 ; S m t on , u a ra, a a, er re f n u e o e cr on o

lb y L p ld k iii C l b s B Philippi s m s s 17
. .
, ,

A an , e o o , D u e o f, 26 . e e the o rn e o , e ne , th F e re e a on 1 1.
lb V i l s iii P si 3 3 8 t h S t i t s S t t l m t s B li d L dg s S G m
. , , .

A e rt c t o r o f Wa e , 26 er a, e ra e e en , er n G ran o e ee er an
lb h iii C hi C hi C hi 339 ; J p E m pi
. . .

A re c t , H C , 285 oc n- n a, n a, a an , III IV V re
ld h L dy F s
. . .

B m d s F m s yi
.
, .
, .

A w o rt M rs, t he a re e m a o n , 3 40 er u a 3 68 re e a onr n , 1 11
iii A st l g s F s t t h 12 0 ; S i ty
, .

d t t M sh l ft w ds K l
, . .

B
’
40 ro o er ea e , 1 1. oc e e rn a o e, ar a a er ar ar
lx d y i iii f ii 1 2 0 X IV f S w d
. .
, ,

A e an e r, H e n r , 407 , 447 ; 47 o 199 o e e n, 11 1

lx d L d i A t h ll J h t hi d D k F m s y i iii 2 9 3 2 9 4
. . .
, . . . . .

A e an e r, o r , 407 o o f n,444 446 r u e o 11 B e rn e re e a onr n,

lx d h y i z C t d iii 1 06 3 02
.
.
, , .
, , , .
, .

A e an e r, S i r A n t on , 407 , 4 46 ; 447 ; fi t 63 B e rn e oun e,

iii A t h ll J h th D k h t J C F h M s i w it
. .
, .
, .

47 o f o f n, 447 ou r u e o 11 B e su c e re n c a on c r e r,
4 52 454 48 6 4 8 9 ; iii 42
,

lx di p phil s p y iii 1 3 7 1 7 6 1 7 7
. .
, ,
.
, . .
,

A e an r a, t he e m o ri u m o f o o h ,
'

ii A b y J ii 4 1 5 4 9 1 61
.
, , .

P R M sh l d mi
, , , .

63 u re B e u rn o nv i ll e ar a e
lg i F s y iii A u kl d L dg s i iii 3 9 3
. .
, .
, .
, , , .
, . .
, , .

A e r a, re e m a on r i n , 3 43 c an o e n,

lis b i
. ,

A s t l si F m s y i ii ii 3 8 7
. .

Bis h fs w d J R V iii 1 09 1 1 6
,

A o n , R o e rt , 40 4 u ra a a, re e a on r n 1 c o e r e r, 0 11 ,

l d d i lJ J iii A st i g y F m s yi Bl k D t h t h i 3 2 9
. .
.
, . . . .
, .

A le m an , A m ra T , 131 u d H
r a an un ar re e a on r a ac ea e,
l ikL g ds Th D k f L i fi st Vi
.

Bl k W t h L dg i t h
. . . . .
, , .

A nw c o d e , re c or o f, 11 2 60, 3 3 7 e u e o o rra n e , r e nna ac a c 399 o e n e , 1 11 .

l b g h l iii L dg iii 2 8 6 ; t h L dg s m l B d J J C iii 1 1 2 2 2 6 2 2 7 2 3 5
. .
, .

A t e n u r S c oo , t h e , 2 73 o e, e o e u o e,
i F i ld L dg s lis iii t i ply N t i l G d L dg 2 8 7
. . .
,
. . . .
, , , ,

A m e r can e o e , t o f, 42 2 a ona ran o e,

i L dg s bl s iii t h L dg s st i t d d i 1 7 95
.
.
,

A m e r can o e , ta e o f, 464, e o e re rc e an n B t l
oe z e aar, B C V i 49 6 ; aro n an , 11 1.
s pp ss d 2 8 8 ; viv l i H
.
, . .

4 55, 463 u re e re a n un 2 03 2 04 2 7 9
i i L g iii
.

g y 1 8 61 G d L dg f m d B il E ti i 18 7
, , , .

A m e r can Un on o d e , 41 7 ar a ran o e or e o e au , e nne

s J s ph i ii d O i t 289 ; B livi L dg i ii i 3 7 9
. .
, , . .

Am e , o e 2 57 1 3 , 1 4, 1 7 0 1 8 70 2 8 8 ; G a ran ren o a, o e n,

i s s ii
, .

f si d L dg d G d
.

B mb y F m s y i i 33 4
.
, , . .

A n c e n t M a o n , t he , 3 9 7 , 43 4 S ee u f G on o ran o e an ran o a re e a on r n, n.
his O i t A st i i Cl bs
. . ,

vill t h C h v l d iii 9 4
.

Sc m ( t he Gre at ) r en M u r an aso n c u B on n e e e e a i er e,
i s d s s sd B k Od
.
, , , , . .

A n c e n t an d M o e m , t e rm u e t o 289 oo f th 288
r er o e 11 .
d s ib b h d iv l s F m s y i t h i 3 44
,

F m s y i iii 3 3 8
.
, .

e cr e t h e re t re n u n e r t h e r a A z ore re e a o nr n e, n B o rn e o , re e a on r n,
d L dg s gl d ii
. .
,
B st US F m s y i i 42 5
. .

G ran o e of E n an , 2 8 7, . o o n, . re e a onr n, n.
43 9 440 ; lis t f ly L dg s t
,

42 4, 43 5, 4 44, 446, 4 47 , 449 , 455, , o e ar o e a ,

462 , 464, 4 7 1 , 49 1 , 49 8 448
d s J s i B s w ll J h f A hi l k i 407
. .

A n e r o n , D r am e , 1 03 ; 11 4, 6, . o e o n, o uc n ec

d G d O i t f iii
. ,

B ill d O i t f iii 9 2 2 09
, . .

1 1 , 46, 2 9 0, 3 43 , 3 54, 3 9 2 Ba en, ran ren o 2 8 0, 2 8 1 ou G

on , ran r en o
d J l i i ii dg s i 3 63 3 67 ii 9 9
. .
,
.
, .
, .

A n re a, Va e n t n e , 9 ; 86 Ba e B hm
rac th an s, e,
ig F s y iii
.

h m I sl ds F m s y iii B dd k G l iii 41 0
. . .
, .
, . . .

A n t u a, re e m a on r i n , 3 63 Ba a a an re e a on r in , ra oc e n e ra

ill s s y iii B h m i s t h i 1 5 ; ii 9 9 ; i i 3 6
.
, ,
. .
, .

F
A n t e , Gre at e r, re e m a on r in , 3 68 ra n e, i
L ss B ld l g d f 3 66
.

t J s ph d M y iii 41 5
.
, . . . .

3 48 t he e e r, 3 63 . a u r, e en o ,
11 . . B ran , o e an ar , . .
49 0 GE N E R A L IN DE X .

Bra zil F m s y i iii 3 8 3 ; dis re e a onr n, Ce re m on pti y ly S t t ish

o f re ce on , e ar co C h shi L dg s 2 61
e re o e 11
s si s 3 8 4 ; M d F h i t i 3 8 6 3 9 0 454
,

h st L dg m m i ls f
.
, , . .

en on o e rn re n c r e C e er o ld e, e or a o an o 11
j t d 38 4 ; t h L di C yl F m s yi
.
, , , .
, .

re e c e d e av ra os an e on , re ei 3 37 a on r n ii 18 3
i Ch i id d t i f i 1 48 C hil e F m s yi
.
, , . .

B di ti e ne 38 5 dc n o s, re -u n o n an an ce co n c e n ce , oc r n e o re e 3 79 a on r n , 1 11
dis i 3 8 5 ; i t f Ch p t s G l i 3 54 Chi F m s yi 339 ; s
.
, .
, . .

un on , f th n e r e re n ce o e a er e n e ra n a, re e t
a on r n , 1 11 . e cre
C t h li l gy 3 8 5 ; sp d C h g s Old — i B i t ish F m s s i s i t i s i 3 40
.
, , .

R m o an a o c c er re a ar e o r re e a on oc e e n,

f lib l id s by F m s s i igi f i S t h B i t i 9 0
.
,

Cis lpi R p bli F m s yi

, , .

o e ra ea re e a on n, 57 or n o n ou r a n, a ne e u c, re e a on r n , 11 1
386 fi l i f th t w p t i s di y v si s f m p d
, , .

na u n on o e o ar e 43 3 ; or n ar er on o co are 3 01
9 3 ; v si i gt Cl M ti
, , , .

386 f i er t W on o n u se a arr n on , are 7 391 ar n , 11

B ws t S i D vid i 3 8 3 ; 1 42 ; x m i d wh l Cl Willi m H y D k f ( ft
.
, , .
, .

re e r, 294 ; r a 11 . 1 646 11 . e a ne as a o e are n ce a enr u e o a er

iii 60 th i vl ti g w ds Ki g Willi m ii 48 3
, .
, , , ,

190 e r a ue as con n e c n ar n a

B i ks s t m p d i 464 li ks 1 9 1 l ssifi d di g t
. . .

r c a e n c a e acc o r n o 16
11 1
l t t m s i 1 50 1 7 3 hist i l v l 1 9 2 d s ipt iv Cl ss L d g s
.
, , .
, . .

B i fm
r e yl au re r t e e e r- a on o r ca a ue, e cr e a 49 3 o e 11.

B i t ish C l m bi F m s y i iii list f 1 9 4 ; g l p i ipl s f Cl v l F J Be g

. .
, .
, .
,

r o u a, re e a on r n, o e n e ra r nc e o a e 1 3 7 1 78 ue , i n .
vid wi t h g d t 195 th i C l m t Ch p t Rit s
. . .
, , , .

4 68 e e n ce re ar o, e r er on f S a er o ee e
B i t ish G i L dg s i iii 3 8 6 l g l dm issibilit y vid
.

C l m t L is d B b C td
, . .

r u an a, o e n, e a a 2 0? as e e n ce er on ou e o u r on , ou n e
B i t ish H d s L dg s i iii 3 7 4 th i sp t iv w igh t 2 08 i t h
. .
, , ,
r on ura o e n, e r re ec e e n e U L
B th B k t h i 1 19 m i t h i r di gs id nt i l x pt Cl t hi g t h L dg ii 3 3 2
, . . ,

ro e r- oo e, a n e r ea n e ca e ce o n e o e

sw i k F di d D k f iii 1 05 s f N 1 1 44 d 51 Cl t h w k s C m p y
, . .
, ,
. .

B ru n c er n an u e o i th n e ca e o os an o - or f l ifi
er o an o c ass ca
vid f whi h M S S is ti f th m mb s i 38 0
, , , .
,
.
, , , , ,

1 0 7 , 1 1 0 , 1 1 2 , 1 42 , 2 2 7, 2 08 th e e e n ce o c on o e e er
x m i d d j t d 2 09 2 1 2 C hi Chi F m s yi
. . .
,

e a ne an re e c e oc n- i 3 39
n a, re e a on r n, ii
s ik d L dg iii di g f t h A t i i t y C g is s i 3 67
, , , . .

Bru n w c , G ran o e o f, 2 79 2 15 ; th e re a n o e n u o n an ce

hl J ii id b t C i id h i 1 48
. . . .
,

Bu e , G , 8 3 111 MS N 2 3 2 10 C carr e ac o o nc e n ce c an ce ,
lls ll g d P p l i ii th d t f t h L sd w C i pl d P t i k f Ud
. . . . .
.
, , , . .

Bu , a e e a a 3 70 ; 33 e a e o MS N e an o ne o o an ht i a r c o an c
lls P p l i ii d 4 t h l di g i 36 ly i
, . . . . .
, , , .

Bu a a 1 7 6, 2 58 2 60, 2 9 7 ; 3 2 12 ; N 3 os an e ea n ( l ll gi
o e th
'
R m a, e o an , e ar n

, ,
x m pl s f t h ld m s ipt i t B it i 3 7 2 7 1
.
, .
, .
, .

6 1 7 1 8 2 4 3 1 3 3 1 7 1 1 78 2 1 9 e e ar o e o an u cr t d ti ro uc on n o r a n,

3 9 2 4 7 7 ; iii 7 9 2 8 7 2 9 8 3 2 3 C st it t i s x mi d d m t i o w i t h G ilds
, , , , , , , , , . , ,

on u on e a ne an co 2 9 9 305 ; co n n e c n u
p t J m N p l (t h ld r) p d 2 1 3 t h w it t t d it i 39 g l d s ipt i f 41 di
, .
, , , .
, , ,

B u on a ar e e ro e a o e on e e e are e r en ra o ns e n e ra e cr on o or
iii 2 8 2 m s s s bs t t i lly t h y h t ist i s 42 h t
, , , ,

. f th F
o e re e a on u an a e n ar c arac e r c c arac e r

p t J m N pl s m i t h igh t t h d t h six wh di f s d t h gh t t h
.
,

B u on a ar e , (t h e ro e a o e on e a e n e e een an e i ti s cs en u e rou ou e

y g ) iii 1 8 5 1 8 7
oun er t theen t i s 2 1 5; t h i t i q it y
ce n u r e e ran u E m pi 43 ; s id t h v s viv d
re , a o a e ur e

p t J s ph iii 1 65 1 67 1 7 1 i d high by t h H lli w ll d i G l 1 10 1 8 3 p ssibl

.
, , .
,

B u on a ar e , o e -
c arr e er e a e an n au o e con n e c

C k MSS 2 1 6 ; whi h ti wi t h t h C m p i g 2 43
.
, , , , ,

1 78 29 8 3 1 4 oo e x c are e on e o an on a e

p t L is i ii 1 2 4 1 65 1 66 2 05 mp d 2 16 th ti wi t h t h b ildi g t d s
, , .
,

B u on a ar e ou mi d
a d ne an co are e co n n e c on e u n ra e
p t Npl iii 1 64 H i m i l g d 2 41 mp t iv
, , .
, , , .
, ,

B u on a ar e , a o e on, ra c e en co ara e 2 99
s S i J i 49 7 ; ii 49 1 ; iii 68 s il n f t h ld ds f t h C l m bi F m s yi
. , , .

B u rn e r e ce o e o re co r o e o o a, 3 76 re e a on r n , 1 11 .
C ft w i t h g d t H i m 2 44 C l i l B d
.
, . .
,
.

335 ra re ar o ra o on a 20 o ar 1 11
Sl M S 3 8 48 p b bly dt C m bi t i s f w k m i 3 7 5 453
. .
, ,

o an e ro a re a o o na on o or en,
A sh m l his dm issi 2 45 ; C m m f d C p t i J m s iii 3 1 2
.
, .
, .

o e on a on , o e r or a a n a e
M s y si wi t h C m m it t f C h i t y ii 3 8 8 3 9 2
.
, , .

a on r t d an ar an a c e n ce o ee o ar
bb l p t iv d sp l t iv m m b s C m p i s i 4 4 6 ii 2 1 1 2 1 2 iii 47 ;
.
, , .

C a a a, t h e , 1 1 63 , 2 3 3 o e ra e an e cu a e e er o an e

d ll d h s iii t S w l w ll t h A pp ti p p t l i 18 9
. .
,
.
, , , .

C a wa a e r, D r T o m a , 42 9 2 46 ; a a e e re n ce er e ua
gli s J s ph ls gi v his h g w it hi y 2 64 C mp i g L g ds f— m p d
. .
, . .

Ca o t ro , Cou n t , t e , o e Ba am o , en c ar e n a e ar, o an o n a e , e en o co are

i iii i t d t i f t h Old C h g s i t w it h t h s m s y i
. .

8 ; 1 58 n ro uc on o e ar e n o f F o e o re e a onr

lli gs did S tl d 2 99 th S h w St t t s p ssibl i fl f p

. . . .
,

C alco t t We n , au t h or o f a Can co an e c a a u e 3 68
11 o e n u e n ce o u on
is isi i ii b s d t h m 3 00 3 02 ; t h Old F m s y ii 3 68 t h i 2 1 2 ;
, ,
.

D q u t on , 47 5 a e on e e re e a on r e,
l d s s ii Ch g s t i ly si gl bli p bli t i f Li d C m p g
.
.
, , , . .

F
C a e n ar, t h e re e m a o n , 47 6
’
ar e con a n on a n e o u ca on o vre u o a
b s Pi iii Old C h g s mp s d f
. .

”
Cam ac ere , r n ce , 1 07 , 1 1 9 , 1 2 9 , g ti a 3 63 S
on , r ee ar e o 1 8 41 2 1 3 ;
n on n a e ,
g co o e o
s ipt C s t i t t i s th g t divisi s 2 1 4 ; l t
.
.
, ,

1 3 0, 1 65-1 68 , 1 7 0, 1 7 1 M an u cr on u on re e re a on o our

d d L dg s iii Ch i t bl I s t i t t i s E glish M 2 1 6 L g d f M it
. .
,

Can a a, Gran o e o f, 19, 23 ; ar a e n u on n as . d F e ran ce , e en o a re

s y i i i B ys s h l ii 452 iii 3 ; J q s 2 1 7 ; s p t f t it i s
.
,

F re e m a o n r i n t h e D o m n o n o f, on e - o
’
c oo ac ue e ara e ra e rn e

s ssiv d s s gi l s s h l 48 4 3 ; b f m d d th th b s
, .
, .
,

Ma t e r ,
’
465 t h e u cce e Gran r c oo 11 in e n e vo . or e un er e re e an n e r

p g ss l t i s t it t i f g d F m s s 2 1 9 ; C st m s S s f S lm
.
, , .
,

4 65 ; ro re o f t h e C raft i n , 4 65, en n u on or a e re e a on u o on o o o on ,
diss si s i C st m s s f M it
,

4 66 ; e n on an d re - u n o n , 466 ; d t h wid ws f F
an m s se o o re e a on 111 , 220 S u o on o a re
Q b divid d ll gi J q s 2 2 0 C st m s S s f
, ,

u e e c , 4 66 ; e a e an ce i n 16 18 ac ue u o on o

v i p Ch i t y j w l t i t t d by t h D k M it bis 2 2 1 ; mm
.
, ,

N o a S co t a, 467 ; C a e Bre t on , ar e e 1ns u e e u e S a re h ou e, co on o

s ik
4 67 ; N e w Bru n w c , 467 ; Pi r n ce f S ss x
o 1 16u e 11 d t it l s 2 2 1 t h t p g
se rvan c e s an e e o a e
d d s I sl d i ish Ch i t y t h G r l F md
, . .
, ,

Br t 001
’
E w ar an , 468 ar fe 38 2 e ne a i o 11 . 2 2 5 ; t h g ilb t t 2 2 5 2 2 9 2 51e u re e
bi i b Ch t s t h d P t h L dg dv t g s f m m b ship 2 2 6
.
, , , , ,

um a, 468 ; M an t o a, 468 ; N e w .
ar e r S e, c o on an er o e, a an a e o e er
i l i 41 1 t h M l lm C m 41 3
, ,

fo u n d lan d , 468 M q u e o n , 468 e a co an ore , Con d wi te e n rég le an d f au sse con clu d e , f

s is i s i i 49 2 ; t h Willi m t h Li
.
,

t at t c o f t he D o m n on , 468 . 41 3 ;
e a e on , Co nd u i ts d e Gre n o ble , 2 2 6, 2 2 7
b y is i L dg s f C l g p si s
.

Can t e r u r D t r ct , N Z , o e in , th e 49 6
o 2 06 o o ne , 1 11 . at ron a n t , 2 2 8 ; fu n e ra l ce re
iii 3 9 4 is ss b ls
. .

g t d by t h Bish p f D h m
, ,
ran e e o o ur a m on e , 2 2 9 co n t e t an d at t e ,
C p B t d is i is
.

1 67 1 ii 1 51
.
,
a e S C re o n . ee ana a. 2 2 9 ; c e re m o n e o f t he S o c e t e ,
C ibb I sl ds F m s y i t h Ch t s f th C mp i g i 215 ; b i ys i s
. .
,

ar ee an re e a on r n e, ar o e o an on a e 2 3 1 ; t h e Car o n ar , 2 3 9 M t e r e
iii 3 63 i s ispi
, , .

hi f p v si s f F m s y
c e er er on o re e a on r of S a n t Cr n an d Cre pi n i an
C m li t s t h i 3 0 ly fi h y
. .

iii 8 1 F h F m s y 1 53
,
ar e e e, re n c re e a on r ( e ar ft e e n t ce n t u r ), 2 4 0 ; re
v f m ily t h
, . .

d L dg s t iv d x t i t ks vid
.
,

C arn ar o n 39 2 39 6 a e , 11 . -
G ran o e ac e an e nc m ar on t he e e n ce , 2 4 1 ; t h e
C ssilis E l f i 3 9 4 Lg d i l s d iv d
,

N th p 2 09 ; li g
.
, ,

a ar o , i n E or e rn u ro e, ru n H i ram i c e e n , 2 41 t t e er e
C v l y L dg s d F i ld M s i b di s t iv d xt i t i l ki gd
, . .

a a r S S o e ee ea an e a on c o e ac e an e nc fro m t he an m a n o m , 2 43
L dg s
.

G m y S w iss F fi iis ih i
, ,

o e i n 2 33 er an re e af n t e w t t h e A n c e n t M yst e r
C z s th D iii 1 3 1 1 3 3 1 7 3 bis p ssibly d iv d
.

m s y 2 9 7 ; I t li G d L dg s
,
d
"
a e , e ue e, . a on r a an ran o e i e s , 2 44 Sou e o er e

3 06 P t g s d S p ish G d
, , , , ,

1 74 1 78 or u u e e an an ran fro m S ab az i u s, 2 45 M ai t re
C l b s F m s y i iii 3 3 7 J ly
, .

e e e re e a on r n, L dg s 3 1 9 o e ac q u e s— J acq u e s M o a — t h e t ra

lg d J i
,

C t l Am i F m s y i iii Ch ssé B s t d l
. . .
,

e n ra e r ca, re e a on r n, au e, 96 12 7 136
re e a, 1 1 1 . d i t i o n al e e n , 2 4 6 t h e ac q u e r e
— p d ih
.
, , ,

3 73 . N ayrn u s Gre cus co m are wt

 49 2 GE N E R A L IN DE X .

ce lle n t , 44, 7 4 ; B ac M a on r , l k s y s ib d t D gd l W
a cr e o d u a e, re n , an L g Liv s 1 2 4 d I ll A h
on er an s
yl i A sh m l 1 6 ; sp l ti s f G m l H m ti phil s ph
, .

44 ; R o a A rk M ar n e r, 68 , 7 4 ; o e e cu a on o er o e as a er e c o o e r,
byl i h P ss J w i t s 1 8 ; st t m 12 9 ; g l l si s 1 3 6 ;
,

Ba on s a 68 , 7 4 ; o rd an m an r t erf Si a e en o r e n e ra co n c u on
W D gd l 1 9 ; p p l s p m y
,

P ss l k k Li k A sh m l m d F m s i 1 646
, ,

a , 7 4 ; B ac M ar , 7 4 ; n u a e a a u re ac o e a e a re e a on n
h i igh i E gl d 2 0 ; g t d m
.

L dg m p s d l g ly
, ,

an d C a n , 7 4 Kn t o f t he R e d n n an d f re a e an or 1 40 ; i n a o e co o e ar e
ss igh P i s P s B ll 2 1 ; x m pl s f P p l I p t iv m m b s 1 41
,

C ro , 7 4 ; H r e t, 74 ; ru u s, e a e o a a n of n o n -o e ra e e er
si l igh Jh th p ivil g s Sl 1 4 2 ; A sh m l
,

an B u e , 7 4 ; Kn t of St o n l lg
( u d
e n ce s an o er r e e MS
o an e o e
J sl di 2 4 ; si m il f v s g t d by ds L dg t M s s H ll
.
,

7 4 ; M e t e rran e an
’
of e ru a e m , ar a ou r ran e att en a o e a a on a
P ss
a , 7
4 Kn t o f M a t a, 7 4 igh l E glish p l t s 2 5 ;
n fi m ti re a e co n r a on L d i 1 68 2 1 43 t h M s s
on on , n e a on
,
’

g s s y ii by t h P p f E glish C ft C m p y 1 44 ;
.
, ,

D e re e i n M a o n r , 2 42 , 2 4 5, 2 59 , e o e o an n ra o an f th t m u se o e er
G ild 2 6 ; d p d y
,

F m s t sp t
.

2 65, 2 66, 2 3 5, 3 07 , 3 1 3 , 3 1 5, 3 1 7 , u f H e en e n ce o enr re e 1 50 ; a on , f re ro ec o

iii p R m 2 7 ; th th y vid l t i g t A sh m l
,

3 57 , 4 69 , 500 , 50 1 , 4, 2 0, 57 , III u on o e, e e or th e e e n ce re a n o o e

v lli g M s s p ssibly hi i t i m y wi t h D gd l
. .
,

7 3 , 3 4, 9 2 , 1 4 1 , of t ra e n a on o 1 61 s n ac u a e
d iv d f m t h his t y f t h 1 62 ; D Pl t s
,

t f th F
’

2 1 6, 2 1 9 , 2 3 0, 2 4 6, 2 63 , 2 9 5, 3 3 4 ; er e ro e or o e r o acco u n o e re e
k
u n n o w n i n e ar ly ish L dg s
S co t t o e , F i s 2 8 ; t h b li f i P p l
r ar e e e n a a m s s i 1 63 ;
a on h t f th c arac e r o e
i w it 1 66 ; f t h ll si s t
.
,

B lls h vi g b g td
,

43 1 u a n een ran e an r e r, ur er a u on o
k iii E glish t di t i F m s y 1 68 6 1 7 3 6 1 67 ; D
. .
,

D e n m ar , 60 n d t G m an no a er an ra on , re e a on r ,
-
r
k F s y iii s s gg s t i R i h d R wli s ti s f
. .
,

D e n m ar , re e m a on r in, 2 00 ; 33 ; e rro n e o u f D u e on o r c ar 1 68 a n on , no ce o
li s s bs b d Kl ss 3 4 ; t h M i gh m l t t A sh m l i t h C s t i t t i s 1 738
.

E ar e t t rac e o f, 2 0 0 ; a or e o e an n n a e e r, o e n e on u on

i hi sys i f bl s G d Bi g phi B i t
, , ,
35 ; th f W d th “
t he t e m o f t he S t r c t 170
’
w t n e a e o re n ran an e o ra a r an

s v M s t ship m itt d i i gi g
,
”
Ob e r an c e , 2 0 1 a er th Bi o e n e
“
o n ca, 1 7 47 1 71 th f e o re o n
x m i d 1 7 3 ; f t h st t m t s
,

Q i y h s g phi B i t i 3 6 b t pi d
. ,

De u n c e , T o m a , 11 8 4 ra a r an n c a, u co e e a ne ur er a e en

L i by M s i w i t s f m t h B k A d s R dl
.
,
.
,

D e rm o t t , au re n c e , 7 2 ; 1 1 3 6, 2 8 7 , a on c r er ro e oo of D r 178 ; n e r on, an e
iii f C st i t t i s H lm t h A d mi f A m y
. .

4 3 4 -4 65 ; 40 36 ;
‘

o on u w on ne o e, e ca e e o r or
l iii vid dd d by P st 3 7 ; H l i d t h Ch s t
. .
,

D e rw e n t wat e r, t h e E ar o f, 137 e e n ce a u ce re on, M S 2 0 54

ar e an an e e er

L d g 1 8 0 t h Old C h g s x
.

ii g f m ily 40 ; t i s f
. .
,

De sag u li e rs , 7 , 4 6, 2 7 9 , 2 8 5, 3 43 , 3 4 8 , th St e ro n a no ce o o e, e ar e e

iii by E l m s d D M il m wh l 190 ; th i v l
.
,

3 7 4, 3 9 2 ; 1 3 3 , 2 02 W re n , e an r an , ami d ne as a o e, e r a ue

Li ii P st s st t m t s x m i d t i g li ks 1 9 1 ;
. .

’
De sag u lie rs, e u t -Ge m , R A , 3 49 41 re on a e en e a ne as co n n e c l ifi
n n c ass

V ig l s J ii iii mp d wit h t h ds f ti i t six divisi s 1 9 2 ; d

. .
. . .
, ,

De no e , J , 4 7 4, 4 9 5 ; 43 co are e re c o r o ca on n o on e
d L dg 46 d j t d s ipt iv list f 1 9 4 ; l s f l w
. . . .
, ,

2 04 , 2 2 0 , 2 2 6, 2 53 , 2 54 , 2 56, 2 61 G ran o e, an re e c e cr e o ru e o a
th y f W s dm is wit h g d t t h d m issibili t y i
,

i k y illi ii
.
,

D c e , W am , 49 ; t h
’
4 4 4, 4 47 , 448 , 4 52 , e e or o re n a re ar o e a n

si i 1 69 1 sid d 49 vid i t d m ts 195

.

47 0 on n co n e re e f e n ce o an c e n oc u en
i h iii M m i f J h A b y 50 ; his d s ip t i ms d s ls 1 9 6
.
, ,

D t fu rt , F , Baro n v o n , 1 1 2 , 2 33 , 2 35 e o r o o n u re e cr f on o ar an ea
dd ii s t t m t wi t h g d t W th p i ipl s f t xt l it i ism
. . .
, ,

Do , D
r W , 475 a e en re ar o re n , e r nc e o e ua cr c
d ii b t h i m p b bl d ill t t s t d d p t d by bibli l s h l s x
. . .

D o m ask i n s , Or e r o f t h e , 2 69 , 4 58 o ro a e an -
a e e a o e ca c o ar e ‘

s s i p t d by M s i w i t s pl i d 2 03 ; d ppli d t
. .
,

Do m at i c M a o n , 4 08 , 41 5 52 b t u acce e a on c r er a ne an a e o a.
i i L dg s f l s t i y f t h Old Ch g s
,

53 t h gh st i g b sis f
. .
, ,

Do m n ca, o e i n , iii 3 64 ou re n on no a o care u cru n o e ar e

s pi V I I l f t 55 G l Ass m bli s 2 06 w i t t d it i s f th F
. .
, ,

D re d e n S ee Ge rm an E m re , t
ac u a ac e n e ra e e t r en ra on o e re e

d lx d s l Y k t di t i m s s i s bs t id t i l 2 08
. .
, ,

D ru m m o n , A e an e r, Co n u 55 ; t h e 55 ; i or ra on, n a on h u an c e en ca
l pp s v l L dg s fli t wi t h t h Old Ch g s 56 ; t h t xt s
,

A e o, e re c t s e e ra o e in co n c e ar e e f N
e 1 1 44 o d 51 os an

k y iii l g ds f F m s y 57 ; f mi g th x p t i s 2 08 ; N
.
, , ,

Tu r e , 52 , 3 2 1 e en o re e a on r co n or n e e ce on o.
51 dis m iss d f m t h i q i y 2 0 8 ;
,

gd l ii d t di t i igi
. .
,

Du a e , S ir W , , 6, 1 6,
1 9 , 2 8 , 3 4, j t e c u re an 59 ; ra on , or n e ro e n u r
44 ll w d t d p t
,

f M s i b dy i t h t d s
. .
,

1 3 0, 1 61 o a on c o n e ra e N o. a o e o
“
ro ou as
h s ii i s f m di v l p t iv s 60 bi gbsd
.

D u n ck e rle y, T o m a , 3 45, 48 1 u n on o e ae a o e ra e e n N a e 1 1 2 09 ; on o. ex
mi ti 1 1 (H l i
,

Op t iv giv s w Sp l t iv
. .
,

e ra t e e ay o e cu a e a na f N on o ) o ar e an
m i i g v si s f
.

M s y 60 ; t h g is t i f
,

a onr e or an a on o 2 10 ; f th o e re a n n er on o
C ft s id t hv p s vd t h Old C h g s 2 1 0 ; llt h M S S
,

th e ra a o a e re er e e ar e a e
x pt N 1 1 44 d 51 t bl
,

y t t s t h t w ld t h wis
.

m an e ne a ou o er e e ce os an race a e
t w l di g x m pl s N
.
, , ,

bi g
E r n t on , or , iii 3 9 8 L d h v f ll i t blivi
a e a en 60 n o o on t o o ea n 3 e e ar os

( L sd w ) d 4 ( G d L dg )
,

iii M ys t i is m d Th s phy
. . .
,

E ck le lf , Cou n t 0 vo n , 1 9 6, 2 52 , F c 63 ; an eo o an o ne an ran o e
th i p ssibl i fl di gs f N 3 d 4
. . .
, ,

2 55 e r o F e n u e n ce on re e 2 12 ; th e re a n o os an
m s y 7 1 ; m gi l l mp d 2 1 3 d b gh t i t
.

l i h l Phil s phy
.

E c e ct c S c oo o f , t h e , 11 67 t
o o a on r a ca o re no co are an ro u n o
h m y 2 1 4 ; fi l m ks
, ,

l i i pi p ss d t t h m d i v l M s s
.
.
,

E c e ct c Un o n S e e Ge rm an E m re , 1 1 a e on o e e e a a on ar on na re ar on

(H l i
,

d L dg s iii 7 2 ; R b t F l dd 7 9 ; t h R si
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on a r e of P is l d by i
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VOL . 111 . S R
49 4 GE N E R A L I N DE X .

i s i i f th C m
I ran , 1 8 7 ; n t t u t on f i dly sp d wi t h t h
o e o ren co rre on e n ce e III The T l b s B li h 2 41
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, .

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1 60 ; t h R ig By t h iii 2 65 t h
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e F n o e rro r, e re n c e o e VI Th S e un , a re u e
d O i t d G d L dg C st l d t h Cit y S 2 65 ; s t t
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d b di s 1 63 ; m p t i g it s 2 66 F ssl R i t l d p t d by t h
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ti S ts G d d L dg 2 66
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.

o e a a a a e e VI I Th G e ran o e o a on
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d O i t 1 65 p t f U i
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re t R t w ki
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li s 1 68 t h H d d D ys 1 7 1 G l s C v t d iii 1 07 1 58 d L dg f m d 1 8 1 1
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c ne e un re a au e on en e ti lG on a ran o e or e
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t M s i b di s t w F m s y i i 3 01 d D m st dt i 2 69
. .

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d e san a on c G o e no ar e n oa, re e a onr n, n. on c or ar a n.

t d by i t s l f t b i gl d L dg p l im d 1 8 46
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t li t s by d j i d by ll H ssi Lodg s
,

ii 2 8 4
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iss i g h t s f C ft L dg s G m t i M s s i 408 41 9 42 9 43 8
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u n c ar e r or ra o e eo a c a on 1 8 59 2 7 0 .

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on , w C ne on u on e ne r a o e re e a
1 75 ; f t h g ti ti s f L ipsig m 2 7 1 ; B ldwi f t h
,

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f si i t m ddl Li d L ipsig 2 7 2 ; A hi m d s
.
,

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on , I H m b g iii 2 2 4 ; i t d t i
e o es f
n er e e a ur n ro uc on o n e n, e rc e e
w i t h p li t i s 1 7 7 ; f t h Th i g B ds A lt
,

F m s y i t G m y 225;
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o t ff t c t as e or a a re e a on r n o er an o T e re e rac n oar en
f si d Oi t b g 2 7 2 ; A hi m d s f E t l
,

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p ss s sym p t hy w i t h t h R l U i d K l f th
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ti 1 79 f m t i d f —S h d
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on o a ne ran nen or rae e c roe er V re at h of R u e , H i ld bu rgshau se n ,
L dg 1 8 0 ; diss lv d by di t t E glish F y 228
,

o e, t o e m an e c re u rn o n re e as o n r 2 g4
f t h p li Pi L i
.

f m ti pi E xt i t G d L dg s
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o e 18 1 o ce , t h E gb d 229 r n cef uc e n e n un or a on o a Ge rm an E m re , nc ran o e
l t d G d M st f t h d L dg 2 2 9 iii 2 7 5
,

M t
u ra e ec e G ran a er o e ran o e, o f t he ,
d O i t 1 8 2 ; his d sp t i l I H v iii 2 7 5 E glish P vi
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.

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1 8 3 ; M sh l M g pp i t d d L dg f m d 1 7 55 b t
.

th M i iii 2 3 0 ; L dg U i
.

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18 8 a e o a or e ro n e en en ro t bli h d 1 7 8 6 2 7 6 ;
a G s e , a ran o e
d L dg 2 3 3 t h f m d 1 8 2 8 2 77 ; p li t i l t bl s
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,
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.

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r en en e G d L dg g i E glish 2 3 4 ; e e e n ran o e a a n n o er o e o e a, o an ,
D it y 1 9 1 ; s hism i t h A iii 2 7 8
.

p lit i l t bl s 2 3 5 ; viv l 2 3 6;
,

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dm issi f J ws 2 3 7 2 3 9 ; t h
, ,

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. . . .

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.

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s wi k
.

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o , e n er n o a on o ran or ru a, . fBo 2 79 run c , 111 . .
49 6 GE N E R A L I N D E X .

I n n e r Ori e n t iii 9 3 2 47 i g L g d th i 2 8 4 39 2 ; 40 3 42 2 42 3 ; 1 59 1 65 ; m l
Ki wi n n n e en e, 111 . no en
2 9 5 ; L dg f i 3 8 8 3 1 0 ; iii
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. . .

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M g i t i C m i i i 2 57 2 60
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a an arc ec 132 18 8 a nan ar a 1 11.

L b dy M ki g M s s t s i gh t ii 457 464
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a re e a on r n e 49 2 o c e s, a co an o re ar e r, 1
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d i g m st t P is iii M i t b iii 3 43 468

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iii 4 1 9
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2 9 4 ; ii ii
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Ol s L P J D k f ii i 1 47 1 56 p iii
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P i t wski P i J s ph
.

r e an u e o , . - on a o 223 r n ce o e 111 Ram on , Cou n t , 1 7 0, 1 7 1 , 1 7 4, 1 7 7

P t gl F ms yi ly L dg s sy d i h l ii
. . .
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.
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1 62 or u a re e a on r n e ar o e R am a , A n re w M c ae , 2 8 4, 3 7 8 ;
Ot g d S t hl d L dg s —E mi t y f t h Ch h iii 3 07 ; iii
. .
,

a o an ii i 3 9 4
ou an o e 1n , n o e u rc 7 8 , 1 41 , 2 9 9
d m — w d p s ti — isb iii
.

O gh t S i J O ii 4 47
, . .
, . .

u on , 62 7 6r 1 11 . f re e o re n e e e r e cu on a R at on , 2 79
d L dg 3 08 p lit i l t bl s v iii
. . . . .
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313 G ran o e, o ca rou e Ra e n , v o n , 1 05, 1 09 , 1 1 1

—s d L di
. .

O gh t Li t G J A iii 3 63 t ss m bli s 3 09
.

u on , eu - en . e cre t h C ft a e e e ra Raw on , or , 47 8 S e e M oi ra ( E arlof) .

Oxn d Th m s i t l t d b t g i pl d d li s ii
. . .
, . . , . .

Raw n o n , Dr R ,
'

ar 446 447 o a h o e ra e u a a n ace un er a 5, 7 , 1 0, 1 68

li s ii
. .
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3 1 0 ; m l t ipli i t y f j i d i
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b an , u c o ur s c Ra w n o n M S S , 1 0, 1 5, 1 7 , 1 69
t i s 3 10 ; U it d G d L si b ld iii
. . .

on n e ran u ~
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. . .
,

t an an r en a e o or u ~ R e co n c at o n , o e o f, 501 ; 111 4, 1 5
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. .
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g G u e se ran o e R e ct i fi e d R t e , t h e , iii 2 9 5 .

P t g l G d L dg f ii 48 9
. .

gi l L dg s F i ld
,

or u a ran o e o , Re me n ta o e S ee S e a an d e .

P st b y t h N 52 45 d sc ib s L dg s
. .
,

P dg t t R b t i 68
a e 1 49 1 63 2 1 1o er 11 o o
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.
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.
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ara u a o e n, W .
re n as a re e a on , Re - a n un er e r1 val Gran
P w ll Th m s i 2 54 2 56 2 58 3 53
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t i s i 3 45 3 63
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.
,

a a er en en ea n ran 2 15 . Re a ne r ,
P sby t i ism F m y t h ld
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.
,

o e, rv e e e en e re e r an re e ason r no e R e u n i on or Bourbo n , re e m a o nr i n, F
lifi t i s f 453 ; ight i m p t ibl wi t h t h st i t p i
. , , _

445 ; q ua ca on o r nco a e e rc rn 1 11 3 46
f i 1 652 i 444 v P l
.
, .

f v t i g 457 ; ad m i tt d i t t h
o o n e n o e i plc es o n R e e re , au , i ri 41 2 , 41 4
U it d G d L dg f E gl d P st Willi m ii 3 7 xs
. . . .
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i s y s i l li i g
.

49 9 iii 8 1 1 ; ll w d t
.
, , , . .

it a o e o s on 41 2 42 2 4 47 4 7 5 ; ii i 1 1 . R t e an d S s t e m , con t n e n t a , c a m n
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ds 1 6 fi i y i hF s y i
.
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P v st A g st i iii 58 60
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.
,

a ran 3 77 3 8 2 n ran o e , 1 1. re o , u u ne , a n d A cce t e S co t t 19,

P i H y ii 42 5 43 2 ; sk t h f
.
, . .

P t S i t s i 441 48 3 ; ii 3 2 4 ; iii 52
.

a ro n a n ,
r ce , e nr 1 , e c o 9 7 , 1 2 3 -1 3 2 , 1 64, 1 68 , 1 7 0, 1 7 2 , 1 7 5,
li f 43 7 st blish s L dg s i
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P l K l iii 2 3 0 2 8 5
.

au ar , e, e a e o e n 1 7 8 , 1 8 0, 1 8 9 , 1 9 2 , 1 9 4, 2 1 2 , 2 1 3 ,
M ss h s t t s 4 3 8 442 445 ; p
.

P y G g ii 7 46 2 7 9 2 8 0 3 43
,
.
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a ne e or e , a ac u e - ro 2 9 6, 3 01 , 3 04, 3 1 0, 3 1 5, 3 2 2 , 3 41 ,
g ss f M s y d 447 449 453
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.

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, P rrn ce ar an re e a on r n, 60, 7 6, 9 7 , 1 64, 1 9 4, 2 1 2 ; H ere
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.

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s y
.

L w i 3 59
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a 2 45, 2 51 , 2 60 1 9 4, 2 1 2 , 2 1 3 , 3 1 4 ; S co t s M a on r ,
P bi y hp l
.

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. .
,
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M S , 1 11 47 2 C a t e r o f C e rm on t , 9 3 , 9 4,
'

e na e n cu rre re ac o oa or ro t . 92
P l i L dg ii
. .

v t 3 7 1 m di v l 3 7 2
,

co e n an 11 . e ae a ro m u
gat on , o e o f, 49 9 1 43 , 1 9 5, 1 9 6, 2 2 0, 2 2 6, 2 44 ;
P vi l d s ig i bs v i iii
. . .

1 iii 1 7 0 1 7 4
, ,

Pé y F
n B aro n ( 6, ro n ci a Gran M a t e r fo r fore n S t r ct O e r an ce , 49 9 , 93 .

L dg s ii L d
.

A g i l i 58 2 1 3
, .
, , . .

P d ig i
er u e r, r co o e , 47 4 ; o n o n , 47 4 2 0 0, 2 1 5, 2 2 1 , 2 2 6, 2 2 7 , 2 3 2 , 2 45
P vi i l d s s ps
. .
, . .

P i F G d S ilv iii 3 1 1
.
,

e re ra, a a, ro nc a Gran Ma te r , a t an d 2 54 , 2 68 , 2 7 1 , 2 9 1, 2 9 9 ,
p s k iii igh s ly
.

ty D m A t J d iii 1 1 7
. . .

P e rn e o n e re e n t ran of, 8 Be n e fi ce n t K n t o f t he Ho
iy i bs v
. .

ssi d ik lli
. . . .

P y J m s ii 449 450 451 501 ;

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e rr a e Pru a, F re e r c Wi am , Crown C t , or R e ct i fi e d S t r ct O e r an ce ,
Pi ii iii
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iii 9 1 3
,

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, . r n ce o f, 2 57 ; 7 9 , 2 58 . . . 2 01 , 2 1 2 , 2 1 9 ,
 GE N E R A L I NDE X .

3 33 ; l i W d s p si
e e c t on o f ar e n or re 1 64 ; m e n t o n e i n H ar e an M S i d li 2 He n , c IV 3 56; c , 3 64
xv i xxi
sd Vh i
. .

d t s 335 xiv i xxxv

. . .
, . . . .

en 2 054, 1 8 3 ; u e i n t h e e m c in 4 Hen , c IV 3 48 c
h l
. .

tl d G d L dg f— C m p i s
. .
, , , .
. . .

S co an ran o e o o an e st i t u t io n , 2 3 0 t h e t re e frat e rn a , 3 47
iii 48 ; G d l t i 49 ; Willi m d l ll ds xiv i xv
.
, ,

ran e ec on, a n am e i n t he S wa we R e co r , 2 63 , 7 Hen I V , 0 3 64 ; c 11 ,

k s i d
. . .
,

S t Cl i f R sli 50 ; t h L d g
. . . . .

a r o o n, e o e an d to en m e n t on e in Th e 3 48
l by h k sp i
.

f Kil wi i g 51 P vi i l G d IV
”
o nn n ro nc a ran Tat e r, 2 7 6, an d S a e e are , 11 Hen , 0 IV , 3 47
M t s 52 M ili t y L dg s 53 s y h s s ib d i
. . . . . .
,

as e r ar o e 3 01 u m m ar o f t o e a cr e to 1 3 H e n I V , c, 3 64
s s L iv i
.

Kil w i i g s hism 55 t h
, . .
.
,

th e nn n c e t he F
re e m a o n , 3 64 2 H e n V , S t at , c 3 48
i s s s iv
. . . .

A ss i t S y d 56 C l lJ h
, . . .

oc a e no o on e o n gu , t h e F ’
re e m a on , ii i 4 7 6 4 He n V , 0 , 1 3 4 8 , 3 49
k s iii
. . .

Y g 57 t h G d M s t s xv
.
, . . . .

oun e ran a er
’
ig n s t o n o w a t ru e M a o n , 47 8 2 Hen , VI
c v1 1 , 1 3 47 ; c 11 ,
‘

x t d d 61 dipl h L dg
. . . . . . .
, . .

t f ffi
e n u re o o ce e en e o i le sia, M o t e r o e o f, 1 11 2 7 8 459 c xv1 n , 3 49
iss d by G d L dg 62 ; t h b s g ilds s i i
. . . . .
,

m as ue ran o e, e i st e rs, m e m e r o f u an d cra ft , 3 Hen , c VI i , 32 8 , 3 51 ,

ii
.

S t C l i s f R sli 63 ; t h P i
. . . . .

a r o o n, e r n ce 90 3 66, 3 68 , 3 7 0 , 3 7 5 1 64 , 1 7 2
fW l s l t d G d M st 64 l iii i
. . .

o a e e ec e ran a e r, S o an e M S 3 3 2 9 , 1 1 1 64, 2 7 7 , 2 7 9 , 3 1 6, 6 He n , 0 VI , 3 57 , 3 7 9
M th K il wi i g j i s th iv
. . . . . . . .

o er nn n re o n e 3 37 8 H e n VI , c 1 3 65 ; c vm ,
d L dg 65 ; w s his m ih p i g h
. . . . . .
, . .

G ran o e, a ne c S m t , Ca t a n Ge or e , au t or o f The 3 61 c xi , 3 48 , 3 61
66 ; s t blish m d Ch p b s F s y ii vi
. .
,

e t f G a en o a ran a Use an d A u e o f re e m a on r , 15 He n , 0 VI 1 3 61 , 3 68 , 3 7 5
67 ; C s t i t t i spb iii
. . . . . .

t
e r, R A on u on u 196 2 3 H e n VI , c 1 11 1 459
li h d 68 ; b fi t s i t i s 69 ; i y I sl ds L dg s i
. . . . . . .
, . .

s e ene oc e e S oc e t an o e in , m 39 4 2 8 He n , 0 VIx1 1 , 3 62
F d fM i B vl i y F s s l Fi d i
. . .
, . .
. . .
, ,

un o 70 as o n c ene o e n ce S oc e t o f re e m a o n , a e t t e r t o a r e n 7 E dw , c IV 4 59
h y m mb s 70 ; d g i g i
. . . . .
,

o n o rar f e er e re e o co n c e rn n t he , 1 1 1 48 0 8 E dw I V , c 3 60, 3 62 , 3 65
I s t ll d M s t g is d 7 1 s I sl ds F s y iv i
. . . . . .
, .

n a e a er re c o n e S om m e r
’
an re e m a o n r i n , 1 11 12 E dw , 0 IV 3 65
ddi t i l d g s 7 3 ; t h M k i
. . . .
, , , . . .

a on a e re e e ar 3 48 17 E dw , 0 IVii , 4 59
ffi i t y wi t h t h i t i
. .
, . . . .

d g e ree no a n e an c e n S oo fe e s , t h e , 25 3 He n , c VII 1 3 65
s y
.

f s l ti M k 75
. . . . . .

cu s ot m o e ec n a ar S o u le re F re e m a o n r i n , i n 2 92 4 H e n VI I , c 1 459
R y l O d l sh ll i
. . . . . . .
, ,

o afS t d 75 r er o co an S ou t , M ar a , 1 11 409 7 H e n VI I , c 4 59
t s Di t y th iii 2 46 h i F s y i xx
.
, .
. . . . . .

S co re c o r e, S o u t A fr c a, re e m a o n r i n , 1 11 3 44 1 1 H e n VI I , c 3 66 ; c 11 ,
ts M s s ii 457 458 iii 7 6 8 8 1 9 6 i F s y ii
, . . . . . . . . . .

S co a on ou t h A m e r ca, re e m a o n r i n , 1 1 1 3 7 5 3 67 ; 1 60
ts M s y iii 9 2 1 2 3 1 40 1 41 h I sl d F s y
. .
,

i
.
, ,
. .
, . .

S co a on r cu t an , re e m a on r i n , i n 39 4 12 He n , c VII 3 68
pi F s y ib l vi i xiv
. . . .
, , , , , . . . .

1 63 , 1 9 6, 2 1 2 , 2 2 5, 2 46, 2 53 , 2 8 7 , S a n , re e m a on r i n — G ra t ar— M i 1 9 H e n VI I 0 4 59 ; c
fi s L dg pi
. . .
, ,
. . .

3 1 4, 3 2 7 n orca, 1 1 1 3 1 2 ; r t o e in S a n , 3 68 , 3 7 5
s s iii spi p s i s xiv i
. . .

S co t s M a t e r , 11 458 92, 2 26 3 1 3 ; in t e of e r e cu t o n t he 1 Hen VII I

, 0 3 69
F i ld L dg s iii ib l
. .

b h i i iii
. . .
.
, . . .

S e a an d e o e , 3 9 6 ; G ra t ar re t re n c o n t n u e t o me e t , 31 4 6 He n V I II
, 0 an d , 1 3 69
L dg i d L dg d di s h p s
. . . .

v i
. . . .

o e , 397 ; t he M n e n o e, fou r Gran Bo e — fu rt e r e r e 7 He n V , 0 III an d vi i , 3 69

i s l i s s
.

ll i
. . . . . .

3 9 7 M rs Be , 3 9 7 ; t h e 3 8 t h o o t ,F ou t o n t o e rat o nF re e m a o n 15 Hen V II I
, c 3 72
I ish ish gi l h gd ih l i
. . .

i
. .

39 8 r an d S co t t Re m e n t a an e w t o u t t ri a , 3 1 5 u n o n , 2 1 Hen V I II
0 xvi , 3 56, 3 7 2
L dg s l k d si gl j isdi i is
. .

iv
.
, . .

o e , 3 9 8 , 3 9 9 ; t he “
B ac un e r a n e ur ct o n , fo l
‘

2 2 Hen V , c III , 1 3 69

h L dg s L dg s l d by p i d hy i
. . . . . .

Wat c ” o e , 3 9 9 S e a o e , o we a er o o f an arc , 3
16 23 Hen . VI I I
, 0 IV , 4 59
v y y l ill y p s s
. .

i
. . .

40 0 ; C a alr , 400 ; R o a A rt e r , re e n t t at e o f t h e Craft , 3 1 7 2 4 Hen VII I

, c 3 69
y l gi s bl p ish d L dg s
. . . . .

401 ; R o a E n n e e r , 401 ; F oo t t a e o f S an Gran o e , 319 2 5 He n V , 0 III 1 3 69

d y p l iv d g s i
. . . . .

Gu ar s , 401 ; I n fan t r , 40 1 -403 ; S e cu at e e re e , ii 3 1 7 31 He n V , 0 II Imm 3 73

yl i s ili i p l iv s li s i
. . . . . . .

R o a M ar n e , 4 03 ; M t a, 403 ; S e c u at e M a on , a, t h e e ar e t re 32 Hen V , 0I II xvi , 3 72

bl ill y p y
. .

d di s s i xiv i
. . . .

H o n o u ra e A rt e r C o m an , cor e n t an ce o f, 407 , 444 1 E dw , 0 VI , 3 73

F ibl s is by i s xv i
. . . . . . . .

404 ; e nc e , 404 ; Garr o n an d S pecu lat i ve , u se o f t e rm ol d wr t e r , 2 an d 3 E d w , 0 VI

3 73 , 3 7 6
ii
. .

li s xili y xx i
. .
, . .

Ve t e ran Bat ta on , 404 A u ar 2 46 3 an d 4 E d w V I , 0 . 376 ; c

ps F ig l il sd k xxii
. . . . . .
, .

Cor , 40 4 ; ore n an d Co o n a pe cu t alyf, a t e rm u e i n t he Co o e , 3 76

gi s d ii
. .

R e m e n t , 405 ; in S we e n , 405 MS , . 2 46 . 5 E liz , 0 . iv , 1 3 61 , 3 7 6 ; 1 1

. . 1 59 ,
ssi y
. . .

Ru a, 405 ; Ge rm an , 40 5-407 pri n gse i se n , C F von , i n 1 01 1 65 mi 4 7

ll d lgi s h h F s y li xii i
. . . . . .

H o an , 40 7 Be F
u m , 40 7 ; ran ce , t at e o f t he C u rc , re e m a o n r in , 39 E z , c .
, . 3 67
i d s liz ix i
. . .

407 -40 9 i n t h e Un t e S t at e , 4 1 0 in 2 9 9 41 E , 0 3 76
s glish P li y i d
.

J s vi i
. . . .
, . .

42 3 S t at u t e , E n ar am e n tar , c t e 1 am e I , c 3 76
L dg s iii i J s i
. . . . .
, .

S e a o e , 1 1 3 45, 48 2 67 13 E dw I , 458 2 1 am e I , c xxv111 , 3 76

i
.

ls k s ii hs iv i
. . . . . . . . . . .

S e a an d t o e n , 1 9 6, 43 2 14 E dw I , 458
. 16 C a 0 3 56
III i hs i
. .

i i s s ii iii
. . . . . .
, .

S e cre t S o c e t e A ct , 4 52 , 48 6 ; 2 3 E dw 3 2 8 , 3 36 22 C a c i , 3 56
xxiii ii
. . . . .
, .
. . . . .

9 , 64 2 5 E dw I II , S t at c 111 1 337, 3 7 Ge o I I I , e c 48 8
g iii ii
. . . . .

lxxix
. . . .
, . .

S e ur, Co u n t d e , 1 3 1 , 1 70 3 46, 3 60 ; 318 3 9 Ge o c , 11 4 8 6, 4 8 8

pis ys i s L i
. . . . . . . . .

S e ra S ee M t e r e 31 E d w III , S t at , c v1 1 , 3 39 54 Ge o II I
.
, e xcv1 , 1 3 7 6
vi F s y iii i ix xix
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

S e r a, re e m a o n r i n , 32 3 34 E dw c i , 3 40, 3 59 ; 0 57 Ge o I II , e 1 1 48 7

y h ll s F s y iii i
. . . . . . . . . .
, . .
, . .

S e c e e , re e m a on r i n , 3 47 3 40, 3 41 , 0 x , 3 40 3 1 an d 3 1 V c t , c lxx n
h i ii xiv i s i il i
. . . . . . . .

S aw, E W , 457 4 06 36 E d w II I , e .3 40 S t at u t e o f E t e n n e Bo e au , 18 7
vi i
.

hi h g iii
. . . . .
, . .

s iy i s i
. . . .

S n S aw t o H an Chi , Le t t e ro f, 48 5 37 E dw III , c.
, 3 43 ; c vi i ,
. . S t at u t e o f t h e F rat e rn t of Am e n ,
ig F h b dg s s hi s
. . . . . . .

S n e , o ld re n c t e rm fo r a e , 1 3 63 459 ; c v 1 11 , 3 43 1 9 5 ; t he M a o n o f R e m , 1 9 6 ;
vi i p li
.

ig p y i
. . . .

S n o f Co m an , 3 64, 3 67 42 E d w III , e 3 43 M on t e e r, 2 02
i
.

i s k s i
. . . .
,

L dg b d i
. . . .

S gn an d t o e n , 3 65, 3 67 43 E d w I II , e
. 3 43
. . t at u t e s o f t h e o e of A e r e e n , 42 8
ig s p ss ss d by ipsi s i L d s s
. . . . .

S n — o e e t he g e , 8 ; 1 R i c hdII , c v1 , 1 3 44 ; c v1 1 , 3 46 at u t e s o f t h e on on M a o n
i
. .

i d by i i s i
. . . . . . .

m e n t on e an c e n t wr t e r , 2 0 ; 2 R i chd II c vi 1 l ,
. 3 46 3 41
L vi i i
. . . . .
,

s ss s l i g s s
. .

a co mm on fe at u re o f al l e cre t a o 3 R i chd I I f, S t at , 0 i , 32 8 F
S t at u t e , t h e , re at n t o t h e re e m a on
i
. .

gh s
.

ill i s g d l ip i
. . .

ci at i on s, 2 1 t au t i n t h e m on a 7 R i ch d II , e v , 3 4 6, 3 47 — V e n , ra u a e m an c at o n o f
ix i
.

s d by J s s i Liv y p is d
. . . . .
,
t e ri e s, 2 2 u e t h e e ui t , 2 2 1 2 R ichd II , c iii - , 3 46-3 49 32 9 ; er Co m an e fo rm e ,
L viii i
. . . .

i gi y h
.

l k h g
. .

m a n ar , o ft e n d u e t o c an ce 1 3 R i ch d S t at.
, c 3 47 ; 3 2 9 ; t h e B ac D e at , 3 2 9 ; re u
i id s sig s h l i gs
. . . .
,

co n c e n ce , 1 48 ; n an d wat c c 459 ; 0 xi i , 3 47 at o n o f wa e , 3 3 0 S t at u t e Law ,

L iv i dvlp v i i
. . .

ds p ss ss d by I li hi
.

w or o e e t a an arc 1 6 R i chd 1 1 S t at .
, 0 . 3 64 . e e o m e n t o f, 3 3 1 ; a r at o n o f

s ii sig s gii L i l g g dis i i b

. . .

t eet , 6; n o f re co n t o n 2 0 R i ch d 11 S t at .
, c 1 3 43 , an u a e , 3 3 2 ; t n ct on e t w e e n
s id h v xis d i y s di s
. . . .

a to a e e te i n a S oc e t 3 64 S t at u t e an d Or n an c e , 3 3 2
p i d di i s s
.

fo rm ed by li s g ipp
H Co rn e u A r a in 2 1 R ic h d L
S t at. i
, c xvi 3 47 r nt e e t on o f S t at u t e , 3 3 4 ;
i
. . . .

ll d d by Pl di Lb s
. .

1 51 0, 7 6 ; a u e to Dr ot , 1 H e n I V , 0 vi i , . . 3 64 . . . . Or n an ce o f a o ure r , 3 3 6 S ta
 GE N E R A L I N DE X .
SO I ;

t ute o f Lb
a o u re r , 3 3 7 p vi s s re ou i st i t t i f iv s l G ild d
n u on o a un er a u an l
S u d e rm an ia, Kar , D uk e
f o 111 1 1 0,
s k p s d hi f L dg s 1 1 8 ; di s , .

S ta t u t e c o n fi rm e , 3 40 ee e r of f our c e o e or n an ce

p l i s vis d i 1 563 1 1 9 ; t h T g F m s y i iii

,

t h e e ace , 3 4 0 ; re g u a t o n fo r t h e re e n e o r au , Su m t a ra, re e a on r n, 3 37
d s s h O di s f 1 462 1 3 4 t h t h
,

ss x A g s t s D k f
. .

t ra e o f M a o n , 1 3 56 3 4 1 fu rt e r r n an c e o e re e Su e u u u u e o 11 4 8 4 , 4 9 0,
s i i si p s ssi d s f l ws vi w d 1 43 s s
, , , , , , .

re t r c t o n m o e d , 3 43 ac c e on co e o a re e e re a on 49 h fit 1 61 8 ,
ih d 1 1 —re frac t or y vill i s wh y m s t s d w km
,

o f R c ar e n , a w er an or en e re
vill i g d t m i t g t h 1 44 ; F l l l L dg
.

3 43 t e n u re o f e na e , 3 44 ; f o rce o re a n o e e r, e S wa we l o e , t h e , 11 2 61
li s v g s vill i s l w C ft d m i t t d i t t h f t l ll ds
. .

e ar e t a ran t , e n , 3 45 en o ra a e n o e ra e r S wa we R e co r ,
gi s
ac t m e n t s a a n t , 3 45 ; i s
re t a n e r , mi t y 1 46 m i l f d m issi c e re on a o a on , S we e n , d iii
1 9 , 60, 1 9 5 ; m t ar o e ili y L dg s
iv s m k d g ip 1 46
,

liv i s h s iis
.

ere , at , frat e rn t e , 3 45 ; 1 46 ; re ce e a ar an r i n,
s Lb s fi d s id t p ss ss s i s f d y F s y
, ,

S t at u t e of a o u re r c o n rm e , a o o e a ere o S we e n an d N o rwa , re e m a on r i n
3 46; pilg i r m -art ifi ce rs, 3 4 6; J si s u t ce p s i b d st ps 1 47 ; t
re cr e f e no race o a ly
e ar s
t rac e iii
o f, 1 9 5 ; Gran d
gl gs g ilds sig 1 47 ; j y m ( f ll w dg L d
, .

re u at e wa e , 3 4 7 u an d n, o u rn e an or e o o e o f S we d e n fo rm e , 1 9 6 ; fi 1 st
s k s
craft t o m a e re t u rn , 3 47 ; S t at u t e s ft ) s t s
c ra t his t v ls 1 49 ;
e ou on ra e g L dg s
N o rwe i an o e e re c t e t he d by
d s i g iti ft s m t d i glish P vi i l L dg
,

m a e m o re t r n e n t , 3 48 ; popu la t
n e ran h wt c ra e n, o re a e n En ro n c a Gi an d o e of
i d h gh p s il t w s 1 49 ; w k p vid d k dish
o
t o n re d u c e t ro u e t e n ce an d o n or ro e or a D e n m ar , 1 9 6 ; t he S we Ri t e
g t it y giv 1 50 ; dist i t i b
, ,

s y
w ar , 3 50 ; co m m e n t ar o n S t at 3 ra u e n, nc on e lli
1 9 7 ; a an ce w t ih E n g an 199 , gl d
y VI Ll dL k ih
.

He nr , c i , 3 51 ; e an - o c e tw Gm m
een d B if css a u re r an re i n t o le 1 an ce w t 1 e gard t o G e rm aii
y 1 50 1 7 3 ; j ym gd s s
. . .

M S 3 56 ; c o m m e n t ar o n S t at 6 m a u re r, o u rn e e n ur e M a on , 1 9 9
y VI iii d j i t h f t i t y 1 50 ; i
. .

S we d e 11 bo 1 g ian R t e , 1 11 3 2 2
.
,

H e nr 0 3 57 ; m o e o f t o o n e ra e rn c e re
pp i ship v i d bss i l f d m issi k w 1 51 d L dg si
.
, .
,.
, . .

a re n t c e ar e , 3 61 a u e m on a o a on u n no n, S we e n , Gi an d o e o f, e n t e r nt o a
g il s
o f t h e C raft - u d , 3 61 ; w ag e ag a n s i t i t y wh t h
u n ce r a n xist d e er one e e i dly lli
fr e n a an c eih w t t he Gran d
ss ss d liv i s b dg s 1 51 ; i v t i s f F ll d th s L dg gl d
,

a e e , 3 62 ; er e an d a e , n en on o a o u an o er o e of E n an , 1 1 48 8

sig s k s i s p t is d i t h iz l d F s y
, . .

3 63 ; n an d t o e n , 3 65 ; c o m 1 51 ; m ce re on e rac e n o er S w t e r an , re e m a o n r i n,
y
m e n t ar 0 11 S t at 1 1 0 j y m f t i t i s 1 52 ; t h
ou rn e en ra e rn e e v
Ge n e a, 2 8 9 ; V d au — Be rn e , 2 9 0
;
iii pi l y S m it h s L t 1 53 ; p ssibl f m V d sl
. .
,

Ba e — F i i bu ng
'

3 66 ; ca t u ar o f 1 49 5, 3 67 ; e c u re o e or au Z u i i ch
ki g di s by g ilds pt i 1 57 j ym au — u li e b — Ba e —N e u fc at e
V d Z sl h l
.
, ,

t h e m a n o f o r n an ce u f
o re ce mon, o u rn e an c o

an d c ra ft s gi s i d
a a n re t ra n e , 3 68 pl t s his t v ls 1 59 m s t pi
e e ra e a er e ce 2 9 1 ; Ge n e a— N e u fc at e — au
v h l V d
s y VI I I q isi t 1 59 ; d m issi t m st s sl l Z ih
,

S ta t u t e of H e nr Ba e — S o e m o
'
3 69 re u e a on o a er u r c , 2 9 2 ; A ar
J y iis k 1 59 ffi — M st b ild d i
.
, ,

o u rn e m e n frat e rn t e , 3 7 0 ; i n ran o ce s a e r- u e r, — —
gau Be rn e Gran Or e n t o f ran ce F
ig is s s W d dist i t i y i
,

c u rsi o n o f fo re n art an , 3 7 2 ; T re a u re r, 1 60 ar e n , rc — D re c t o r o f t h e R e c t i fi e d R t e ,
diss l i s is
o u t o n o f t he m o n a t e r e , 3 7 3 ts
co u r d t f p p l 1 63 ;
an co u r o a ea 2 9 3 ; G ran d i Or e n t o f t h e H e e t c lv i
l gisl i d d d VI i s s m bli g t h s f t h S t i L s
,

e at o n u n e r E war , 373 u n on re e n o e o e one R t e — Be rn e — au an n e , 2 9 4 ; N a

bi i s d is m s s 1 63 ; s p i l h di ft d i l dL g i
.

co m nat o n an d c o n fe e rac e , 3 7 5; a on ec a an cra an t e n e G ran o d e — R e ct i fi e d R t e ,

s Lb s difi d by p li k wl dg f t h S t d L dg lpi
,

S t at u t e o f a o u re r co e e cu ar no e e o e one 2 9 5 ; Gran o e A n a, 2 9 6 ;

5E liz b h iv
a et , 0 376 m s s 1 65 h m
a on s sy m b lis m u o ro u o h
C art o f S w iss s y M a o nr , 2 9 7
s h i ii f t h M di v l ft s m y b lis hi l ll si s
. . .
, .

S t at u t e , t h e S e aw, 3 8 5, 3 8 9 3 00, o e 1 65 ; e ae a cra en, S m o m , arc t e ct u ra a u o n t o, i n

h h sy m b lism 1 67 h y hi s l ssi s i h s
. .

3 02 , 3 1 8 , 3 2 2 , 3 2 8 , 3 3 1 , 3 3 6 C ne e c a c , 22 ; u m o ro u ,
‘

c u rc o o n orar
s ish P li y i m mb s i ft g ilds 1 68 ; S t di v l s
. .
,

S t at u t e , S c o t t ar am e n t ar , 4 53 e er n cra u one o f t he M e ae a craft m e n , 1 65 ;

s ssb g i m s s t i d p d t f t l hs b s d p h h
. .
,

S t at u t e o f S t ra ur 1 459 , 117 a on no n e en en o c o n ro o at a e u o n , 1 66 c u rc , 1 67 ,

g ssb g di s f f q t ly sd
, .
,

T o r au , 1 462 , 1 3 4 ; S t ra u r , 1 563 , 1 69 or n an ce o re ue n co n 3 06 a1 c h i t e ct u ral 1 68 ; n o t u e

fi m d 1 7 1 ; d li f t h 1 7 2 ; by p iv s gi l
, ,

119 r e ec ne o e o e rat e t o pe lpe t u at e m a ca

s d L dg gl is m lg m t wi t h g t ft l7 3 ii
.
, ,

S t at u t e , Gran o e An a e de a a a a e co n a e c ra s, lo1 e , 7 2 ; o f R osi c1 u ci an i sm c o m

iii d L dg S t ssb g i m p t hi f p d ih h
.

F ran ce , 1 7 43 , 1 4 1 G ran o e ra f th
ur o r an c e o e c e are w t t at o fF i e e m ason ry,
L dg t h 1 7 3 ; ffili t i Vh
.
,

N at i o n als d e F ran ce , 1 7 56, 1 44 o e e re a a on c e re 1 1 1 , 1 1 3 ; of t he e m i c 1 n st 1 t u t 10 n ,

d i i s d g t i gs p hibit d p d ih
,

1 7 7 1 , 1 48 ; 1 7 7 3 , 1 50 ; Gran Or e n t m on e an re e n ro e 2 2 9 ; o f F 1 e e m ason 1 y co m are w t

ran c e —1 7 8 9 , 1 61 ; 1 8 06, 1 67 ; x m i ti f t v l h i si i s
,

of F 1 73 1 1 74 e a na on o a ra e t at o f e ai li e r n t t u t o n , 2 3 6
1 8 2 6, 1 7 5 ; 1 8 49 — e c ar n t at t h e
d l i g h li g S l t m 1 7 5; P p l B lls y b ls fis l i g ld
, .

n a u e - as o n , a a u S m o , t h e r t e arn n o f t h e wor
b si