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Group : Management
2020
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Code 17- 5 Full-length
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Papers for Dec 2020
Code 17- Operations (Q.1) Which of the following action sets best represent an action research cycle?
Management
(a) Reflect, act, plan and observe
Code 17- Ethics, (b) Plan, act, observe and reflect
Entrepreneurship, (c) Observe, plan, reflect and act
MSME, CSR (d) Act, plan, observe and reflect
Your Response :
Code 17- Marketing
Correct Answer : B
Management
Exp: Action Research term was coined by Kurt Lewin in 1944. It is a type of research which seeks radicle
Code 17- Strategic change by taking action and performing research simultaneously linked together by critical
Management reflection. Researchers reflect upon the consequences of their own questions, beliefs, assumptions,
practices with the goal of understanding, developing and improving social practices.
Code 17- Financial According to Kurt Lewin, “a comparative research on the conditions and effects of various forms of
Management social action and research leading to social action" that uses "a spiral of steps, each of which is
composed of a circle of planning, action and fact-finding about the result of the action”. Action
Code 17- research cycle can be understood by the figure given below:
Organizational
Behavior
Code 17-
International Business
Code 17- Labour Exp: A literature review identifies, evaluates andsynthesises the relevant literature within a particular
field of research. It illuminates how knowledge has evolved within the field, highlighting what has
Welfare already been done, what is generally accepted, what is emerging and what is the current state of
thinking on the topic. In addition, within research-based texts such as a Doctoral thesis, a literature
Paper-1 Jun 2019 and review identifies a research gap (i.e. unexplored or under-researched areas) and articulates how a
Dec 2019 Papers particular research project addresses this gap.
A literature review has four main objectives:
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Paper-1 Reading 1. It surveys the literature in your chosen area of study
Comprehension 2. It synthesises the information in that literature into a summary
Paper-1 People and 3. It critically analyses the information gathered by identifying gaps in current knowledge; by
showing limitations of theories and points of view; and by formulating areas for further research and
Environment reviewing areas of controversy
Interpretation
(Q.3) ‘Cone of Experience’ related to teaching-learning was suggested by:
Paper-1 Information
and Communication (a) John Dewey
Technology (b) Kilpatrick
(c) Froebel
Paper-1 Research
(d) Edgar Dale
Aptitude
Your Response :
Paper-1 Higher Correct Answer : D
Education
Exp: ‘Cone of Experience’ related to teaching-learning was suggested by Edgar Dale.
Paper-1 Dale’s Cone of Experience is a model that incorporates several theories related to instructional design and
Communication learning processes. During the 1960s, Edgar Dale theorized that learners retain more information by what
they “do” as opposed to what is “heard”, “read” or “observed”. His research led to the development of the
Paper-1 Logical Cone of Experience. Today, this “learning by doing” has become known as “experiential learning” or
“action learning”. The cone is diagramed and explained below:
Reasoning
Paper-1 Mathematical
Reasoning
Paper-1 Teaching
Aptitude
According to Dale’s research, the least effective method at the top, involves learning from information
presented through verbal symbols, i.e., listening to spoken words. The most effective methods at the
bottom, involves direct, purposeful learning experiences, such as hands-on or field experience. Direct
purposeful experiences represent reality or the closet things to real, everyday life.
The cone charts the average retention rate for various methods of teaching. The further one progress
down the cone, the greater the learning and the more information is likely to be retained. It also suggests
that when choosing an instructional method it is important to remember that involving students in the
process strengthens knowledge retention.
It reveals that “action-learning” techniques result in up to 90% retention. People learn best when they use
perceptual learning styles. Perceptual learning styles are sensory based. The more sensory channels
possible in interacting with a resource, the better chance that many students can learn from it. According
to Dale, instructors should design instructional activities that build upon more real-life experiences.
(Q.4) A researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis (Ho) in his/her research. What implications will it carry for his/her
principal research hypothesis?
Exp: Hypothesis testing is a procedure for using sample data to draw conclusions about the
characteristics of the underlying population. The procedure begins with a statement, known as
thenull hypothesis. The null hypothesis is assumed to be true unless strong evidence against it is
found. An alternative hypothesis is also stated which is the result accepted if the null hypothesis is
rejected.
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So, in the question they are saying that the researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis means
researcher accepts the null hypothesis. Therefore, now researcher has to reject the alternate
hypothesis (the principle research hypothesis in our question).
(Q.5) Which one of the following is the main feature of qualitative research?
Exp: Let’s first understand what are the different paradigms. Three most common paradigms are
explained below:
(i) Positivists believe that there is a single reality, which can be measured and known, and therefore
they are more likely to use quantitative methods to measure and this reality.
(ii) Constructivists believe that there is no single reality or truth, and therefore reality needs to be
interpreted, and therefore they are more likely to use qualitative methods to get those multiple
realities.
(iii) Pragmatists believe that reality is constantly renegotiated, debated, interpreted, and therefore
the best method to use is the one that solves the problem.
So, if we study the question closely, we can say that the main feature of qualitative research is that
it avoids positivist assumption and data analysis (quantitative in nature). Rest all the other options
are actually features of quantitative research and not qualitative.
Exp: Among the above options, the characteristic of formative evaluation is “evaluation is conducted
during teaching”.
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knowledge. The key word, which is used for placement evaluation, is the “entry
behaviour”.
2. Formative Evaluation - For the first time in the year 1967, Michael Scriven
used the concept of formative evaluation while working on curriculum evaluation.
According to him, “Formative evaluation is typically conducted during the
development or improvement of a programme or product (or person, and so on)
and it is conducted, often more than once, for in-house staff of the programme
with the extent to improve”. If we analyze the definition, it is clear that the
purpose of conducting formative evaluation is to monitor the learning progress of
the learner. However, initially the concept of formative evaluation was coined in
the area of curriculum development but subsequently the term became familiar to
be used in the teaching pedagogy and the process of teaching and learning. It is
also conducted to know whether the learning objectives are being achieved or not.
The key word in formative evaluation is “learning progress”. As shown in the
Figure above, the formative evaluation is considered as the second stage of
evaluation which is conducted during the teaching-learning process. The first
stage of evaluation is the placement evaluation. Formative evaluation starts from
the very beginning of designing instruction and it continues until the end of the
course/instruction. Conducting unit end examination, monthly examination,
quarterly examination, half-yearly examination, etc. are the examples of formative
evaluation.
3. Diagnostic Evaluation – Diagnostic evaluation is conducted along with
formative evaluation during the instructional process. It is carried out based on
the data obtained from formative evaluation. Diagnostic evaluation is specially
conducted to identify and remove the learning difficulties of learner if it is
observed and found during the formative evaluation. For example, if a learner
could not understand certain concepts in a particular subject and continuously
perform poorly in that subject, we conduct diagnostic test to know the causes of
the difficulties and accordingly provide him remedial treatment to overcome the
difficulties. The key word in diagnostic evaluation is identifying of “learning
difficulties”. Diagnostic evaluation not only solves learning difficulties of learners
but also identifies and provides remedies for personal, physical and psychological
problems. To exemplify, sometimes you may find that few students in your class
are very nervous to come forward and say something, this is due to the tendency
of fear towards their friends and teachers, or suffering from certain psychosocial
disorders or even physical disorders.
4. Summative Evaluation - Summative evaluation is used to find out the extent
to which the instructional objectives have been achieved at the end of a terminal
period. It is used primarily for assigning course grades or for certifying student’s
mastery of the intended learning outcomes at the end of a particular programme.
The techniques used for summative evaluation are determined by the
instructional objectives. For this evaluation, both external and teacher-made tests
are used. Although the main purpose of summative evaluation is assigning grades
or marks, it also provides information for judging the appropriateness of the
course objectives and the effectiveness of instruction.
(a) Recalling
(b) Problem solving
(c) Identifying important sensory inputs
(d) Believing what is true
Your Response :
Correct Answer : D
(Q.9) The field of study which uses role playing, simulation and self-evaluation as strategies for adult
learners is known as:
(a) Pedagogy
(b) Andragogy
(c) Anthropology
(d) Psychology
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
Exp: The field of study which uses role playing, simulation and self-evaluation as
strategies for adult learners is known as Andragogy.
The other options of the question are explained below:
Pedagogy refers more broadly to the theory and practice of education, and how
this influences the growth of learners. Pedagogy, taken as an academic discipline,
is the study of how knowledge and skills are exchanged in an educational context,
and it considers the interactions that take place during learning.
Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, including conscious and
unconscious phenomena, as well as feeling and thought. It is an academic
discipline of immense scope and diverse interests that, when taken together; seek
an understanding of the emergent properties of brains, and all the variety of
phenomena they manifest. As a social science it aims to understand individuals
and groups by establishing general principles and researching specific cases.
Anthropology is the study of humans and human behavior and societies in the
past and present.
(Q.10) Which of the following research formats focusses on hypothesis testing and generalizations’?
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5. All aspects of the study are carefully designed before data is collected.
6. Data are in the form of numbers and statistics, often arranged in tables,
charts, figures, or other non-textual forms.
7. Results can be used to generalize concepts more widely, predict future results,
or investigate causal relationships.
8. Researcher uses tools, such as questionnaires or computer software, to collect
numerical data.
Now, if we closely examine the options, only Experimental and Ex-post facto
(Descriptive) research falls under quantitative research. Rest all options are types
of qualitative research. Hence, answer is A.
Part
Exp: Dissemination of credible data is important for a modern economy. Source Based
Answer and it is clear from the following lines –
“A modern economy with sound institutions is characterized by timely
dissemination of credible data.”
(Q.13) What does the passage ultimately suggest to National Statistical Commission?
(Q.14)
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Investment decision is impacted by:
Part
Exp: Some of the barriers to effective communication are Polysemy and Use of Clichés.
The other options in the question are positive in nature and will not act as barrier
to effective communication.
Polysemy - When a symbol, word, or phrase means many different things, that's
called polysemy. The verb "get" is a good example of polysemy — it can mean
"procure," "become," or "understand." The word ‘polysemy’ comes from Greek, in
which it means "of many senses." It is an ambiguous quality of an ‘individual
word or phrase’ that can be used (in different contexts) to express two or more
different meanings. That’s why it acts as barrier to effective communication.
Use of Clichés - A cliché is “a phrase or expression that has been used so often
that it is no longer original or interesting,” according to Merriam-Webster. These
worn sayings blur the meaning from intended use, and because of that, the
message gets garbled. Relying on clichés can be a sign of a poor vocabulary and
can affect how the receiver see the sender of the message.
(Q.17) On a map, 1 inch represents 250 miles. What is the actual distance between two cities if they
are ½ inches apart on the map?
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(Q.18) Assertion A: The correlation function of mass media is vital for any society.
Reason R: The interpretational aspects that include advertising and public relations shape and
influence public opinion.
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
(a) 9
(b) 8
(c) 7
(d) 6
Your Response :
Correct Answer : D
Exp: It is given that the number 345xy is divisible by 90. It means that it is divisible by
both 10 and 9. Since it is divisible by 10, therefore last digit is 0. Hence y = 0
Since the number is divisible by 9, it means that the sum of digits is also divisible
by 9
Thus, 3+ 4+ 5 + x + y is divisible by 9
12+x is divisible by 9 (y =0)
Thus, the value of x can be 6
Answer is x+y = 6+0 = 6
(Q.20) In which of the following arguments ‘the relation that exists between premises and conclusion
is that of logical necessity’?
(a) Inductive
(b) Deductive
(c) Demonstrative
(d) Analogical
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
Exp: ADeductive argument is one that attempts to follow a certain logical form such
that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. If premises are True, it
is IMPOSSIBLE for the conclusion to be FALSE. You will find that the sense of
Conclusion is Definitely, Certainly, Absolutely, Necessarily (there is 100%
confidence that the Conclusion is True).
An Inductive argument is such that if the premises are true, then the
conclusion is “likely” to be true. Thus, we do not have 100 % confidence in
Conclusion but a Probability. If premises are True, it is IMPROBABLE for the
conclusion to be FALSE. You will find that the sense of Conclusion is Probably,
Reasonably, Possibly, most likely (but not 100% confidence that the Conclusion
is True).
An analogical argument is an explicit representation of a form of analogical
reasoning that cites accepted similarities between two systems to support the
conclusion that some further similarity exists. Analogical Arguments (or
Arguments by Analogy) are a form of Induction (type of Inductive Arguments)
where a conclusion is derived from a comparison of similarities between two or
more cases.
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(d) interest, knowledge, evaluation, awareness.
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
(Q.22) What will be the ratio of simple interest earned by certain amount at the same rate of interest
for 9 years and that for 12 years?
(a) 3:4
(b) 2:3
(c) 4:3
(d) Data inadequate
Your Response :
Correct Answer : A
Exp:
Simple Interest is calculated by
(Q.23) Six friends A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting in a closed circle facing the center. E is to the left of
D. C is between A and B. F is between E and A. Who is to the right of C?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) D
(d) E
Your Response :
Correct Answer : A
(a) 20%
(b) 25%
(c) 40%
(d) 50%
Your Response :
Correct Answer : A
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(Q.26) In a classroom, content produced for a specific user will lead to:
Exp: In a classroom, content produced for a specific user will lead to personalization.
Personalized learning is an educational approach that aims to customize learning
for each student’s strengths, needs, skills and interests. Each student gets a
learning plan that’s based on what he knows and how he learns best. The teacher
doesn’t lead all students through the same lessons. Instead, the teacher guides
each student on an individualized journey. The what, when, where and how of
learning is tailored to meet each student’s strengths, skills, needs and interests.
(a)
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Inattentive audience.
(b) Luxurious ambience.
(c) Extrapolation of contents.
(d) New forms of expression and applications.
Your Response :
Correct Answer : D
(Q.29) A, B, C, D, E and F are six members in a family in which there are two married couples. E, a
teacher is married to the doctor, who is the mother of C and F. B, the lawyer is married to A. A
has one son and one grandson. Of the two married ladies, one is a housewife. There is also one
student and one male engineer in the family. How is A related to C?
(a) Grandfather
(b) Mother
(c) Sister
(d) Grandmother
Your Response :
Correct Answer : D
(a) OEP
(b) NEO
(c) MEN
(d) PFQ
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
Part
Consider the following table that shows the distribution of students in two sections A and B in a school
according to the marks obtained by them. There is a total of 45 students in each of the sections A and B.
Answer the questions based on the data contained in the table:
Marks obtained by students
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(Q.31) How many students in Section A have obtained 30 or more marks but less than 50?
(a) 12
(b) 14
(c) 10
(d) 13
Your Response :
Correct Answer : A
(Q.32) If the pass mark is 40, approximately what is the percentage of successful students in Section
B?
(a) 48%
(b) 51%
(c) 50%
(d) 47%
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
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(Q.33) How many students in Section A and Section B together have obtained marks less than 10?
(a) 10
(b) 11
(c) 12
(d) 6
Your Response :
Correct Answer : D
(Q.34) If the pass mark is 30, what is the number of failures in both the sections together?
(a) 43
(b) 35
(c) 16
(d) 26
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
(Q.35) How many students in Section A and Section B have obtained 50 or more than 50 marks?
(a) 23
(b) 43
(c) 32
(d) 34
Your Response :
Correct Answer : C
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[0—9] 2 4
[10—19] 5 5
[20—29] 10 9
[30—39] 4 4
[40—49] 8 7
[50—59] 4 5
[60—69] 7 5
[70—79] 5 6
Total students in Section A and Section B who have obtained 50 or more than 50
marks are = (4 + 7 + 5) + (5 + 5 + 6) = 32
Part
(Q.36) The duration for which of the usable compost generation is 3–6 months?
Exp: Compost is decomposed organic material. Compost is made with material such
as leaves, shredded twigs, and kitchen scraps from plants.
To gardeners, compost is considered "black gold" because of its many benefits in
the garden.Compost is a great material for garden soil.Adding compost to clay
soils makes them easier to work and plant. In sandy soils, the addition of
compost improves the water holding capacity of the soil. By adding organic
matter to the soil, compost can help improve plant growth and health.
Composting is also a good way to recycle leaves and other yard waste. Instead of
paying a company to haul away leaves, you can compost the leaves and return
the nutrients to your garden.
(Q.37) One of the main outcomes of the Rio +20 conference was to develop a set of:
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In Rio, Member States decided to launch a process to develop a set of Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), which will build upon the Millennium Development
Goals and converge with the post 2015 development agenda. The Conference also
adopted ground-breaking guidelines on green economy policies. Governments
also decided to establish an intergovernmental process under the General
Assembly to prepare options on a strategy for sustainable development financing.
Governments also agreed to strengthen the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP) on several fronts with action to be taken during the 67th
session of the General Assembly. They also agreed to establish a high-level
political forum for sustainable development. Decisions on its detailed form are
expected to be taken during the upcoming session of the General Assembly, with
the aim of having the first session of the forum at the beginning of the 68th
session of the Assembly.
(Q.38) During which year the present system of affiliation of colleges to the Universities was
introduced
in India?
(a) 1857
(b) 1948
(c) 1928
(d) 1966
Your Response :
Correct Answer : A
Exp: The system of affiliation of colleges to universities was introduced in the year
1857.
(Q.39) Which one of the following computer components is fastest in terms of speed of access?
Exp: The RAM (Random Access Memory) is faster for quick access. RAM is much,
much, much, much faster than even a fast SSD, as DDR3 RAM can have read
and write speeds of 6GB/s and faster (17GB/s), SSD are around 200MB/s,
therefore more RAM allows you to have more applications and documents open,
without RAM being copied to the SSD, which is quite fast with an SSD, but RAM
is still faster.
(Q.40) A group’s access to digital technology and another group’s lack of access to it, will cause a
disparity
known as:
Exp: Digital divide is a term that refers to the gap between demographics and regions
that have access to modern information and communications technology, and
those that don't or have restricted access. This technology can include the
telephone, television, personal computers and the Internet. Well before the late
20th century, digital divide referred chiefly to the division between those with and
without telephone access; after the late 1990s the term began to be used mainly
to describe the split between those with and without Internet access,
particularly broadband.
The digital divide typically exists between those in cities and those in rural areas;
between the educated and the uneducated; between socioeconomic groups; and,
globally, between the more and less industrially developed nations. Even among
populations with some access to technology, the digital divide can be evident in
the form of lower-performance computers, lower-speed wireless connections,
lower-priced connections such as dial-up, and limited access to subscription-
based content.
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(d) GIAN
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
Exp: Gyan Vani is an educational FM radio station in several cities of India which
operates as a media cooperative with the day-to-day programmes. The medium of
broadcasting programmes in Gyan Vani is English, Hindi or language of the
region. Gyan Vani FM radio uses stereophonic FM transmitters, and
professionals operate the radio stations. Each nodal centre is provided with
media from Indira Gandhi National Open University's (IGNOU) Electronic Media
Production Centre.
Gyan Darshan (GD) channel is a major milestone in the field of Educational
Television in India. It is a joint venture of the Ministry of Human Resource
Development (MHRD), Ministry of Information & Broadcasting (I & B Ministry),
Prasar Bharati and IGNOU serving as the nodal agency. Launched in the year
2000, GD is a 24-hour educational channel which offers the best of educational
programmes covering a variety of subjects and catering to a wide range of
viewers. These include pre-school, primary, secondary and higher secondary
students, college/university students, youth seeking career opportunities,
homemakers and working professionals. The software is pooled from various
educational Institutions and Development Organisations. GD conducts two hours
of live interactive sessions every day to build interactivity in the Open and
Distance Learning (ODL) system. Teachers/Resource persons and IGNOU
Regional Center functionaries interact for academic and administrative matters
with students. Induction Programmes for new students and convocations for
graduating students are also conducted live through Teleconferencing every year.
Gyan Drashan is also available on webcast, thus extending the reach of IGNOU
programmes to audiences world over. The Gyan Darshan telecast is also
beneficial for students of the formal education system and the viewers can access
Gyan Darshan on IGNOU’s website
https://www.ignouonline.ac.in/gyandarshan/. As Gyan Darshan Channel is
must carry channel as per the Government of India Gazette notification, a
number of private DTH/Cable Operators carries Gyan Darshan in their
Bouquets. Gyan Darshan is now part of Swayam Prabha and can be watched on
MHRD Channel.
Gyandhara is an internet audio counseling service offered by IGNOU. Students
can listen to the live discussions by the teachers and experts on the topic of the
day and interact with them through telephone, email and also chat mode. When
live sessions are not on, Gyanvani Delhi is made available on this platform. The
Gyandhara streaming is available for internet users anywhere in the world.
Important events broadcast by GV Delhi are also relayed by all GV stations using
the Gyandhara feed.
Govt. of India approved a new program titled Global Initiative of Academic
Networks (GIAN) in Higher Education aimed at tapping the talent pool of
scientists and entrepreneurs, internationally to encourage their engagement with
the institutes of Higher Education in India so as to augment the country's
existing academic resources, accelerate the pace of quality reform, and elevate
India's scientific and technological capacity to global excellence.
(Q.42) The constitution of India provides right to establish educational institutes of their choice by all
minorities as per:
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The National Commission for Minorities Educational Institutions (NCMEI) gives
the minority status to the educational institutions on the basis of six religious
communities (Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Zoroastrians (Parsis) and
Jains) notified by the Ministry of HRD under the NCMEI Act, 2004.
(Q.43) While sending an e-mail, to differentiate among To: Cc: and Bcc: fields, which one of the
following statements is True?
(a) Recipients in the To: field can see the email addresses that are in the Bcc: and Cc: fields.
(b) Recipients in the Cc: field can see the email addresses that are in the To: and Bcc: fields.
(c) Recipients in the Bcc: field can see the email addresses that are in the To: and Cc: fields.
(d) Only the recipients in the Cc: field can see the other email addresses in the Bcc: field.
Your Response :
Correct Answer : C
Exp: Ccstands for carbon copy which means that whose address appears after
theCc:header would receive a copy of the message. Also, theCcheader would also
appear inside the header of the received message.
Bccstands for blind carbon copy which is similar to that ofCcexcept that
the Email address of the recipients specified in this field do not appear in
the received message header and the recipients in theToorCcfields will not
know that a copy sent to these address.
(Q.44) The time frame for the implementation of Millennium Development Goals was:
(a) 2000—2005
(b) 2000—2015
(c) 2005—2010
(d) 2000—2012
Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
Exp: The United Nations Millennium Development Goals are eight goals that all
191 UN member states have agreed to try to achieve by the year 2015. The
United Nations Millennium Declaration, signed in September 2000
commits world leaders to combat poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy,
environmental degradation, and discrimination against women. The MDGs
are derived from this Declaration, and all have specific targets and
indicators.
The Eight Millennium Development Goals are:
to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger;
to achieve universal primary education;
to promote gender equality and empower women;
to reduce child mortality;
to improve maternal health;
to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases;
to ensure environmental sustainability; and
to develop a global partnership for development.
The MDGs are inter-dependent; all the MDG influence health, and health
influences all the MDGs. For example, better health enables children to learn and
adults to earn. Gender equality is essential to the achievement of better health.
Reducing poverty, hunger and environmental degradation positively influences,
but also depends on, better health.
(Q.45) Software that you can download for free, but have to pay to continue its use after a trial period
is called:
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Compared to proprietary software, shareware development is usually cheaper and
easier. Shareware developers try to fill computing niches that are not always
covered by larger developers. These niches include system control, network
configuration, some multimedia functions (like bulk photo editing) and smaller
functions that do not require large or complex software.
(Q.46) In Internet terminology, what does the acronym WYSIWYG stand for?
Exp: The acronym WYSIWYG stand for “What You See Is What
You Get”.
Exp: SWAYAM refers to Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds.
SWAYAM is a programme initiated by Government of India and designed to
achieve the three cardinal principles of Education Policy viz., access, equity and
quality. The objective of this effort is to take the best teaching learning resources
to all, including the most disadvantaged. SWAYAM seeks to bridge the digital
divide for students who have hitherto remained untouched by the digital
revolution and have not been able to join the mainstream of the knowledge
economy.
This is done through a platform that facilitates hosting of all the courses, taught
in classrooms from Class 9 till post-graduation to be accessed by anyone,
anywhere at any time. All the courses are interactive, prepared by the best
teachers in the country and are available, free of cost to any learner. More than
1,000 specially chosen faculty and teachers from across the country have
participated in preparing these courses.
The courses hosted on SWAYAM are in 4 quadrants – (1) video lecture, (2)
specially prepared reading material that can be downloaded/printed (3) self-
assessment tests through tests and quizzes and (4) an online discussion forum
for clearing the doubts. Steps have been taken to enrich the learning experience
by using audio-video and multi-media and state of the art pedagogy / technology.
In order to ensure that best quality content is produced and delivered, nine
National Coordinators have been appointed. They are:
(i) AICTE - (All India Council for Technical Education) for self-paced and
international courses
(ii) NPTEL - (National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning) for
Engineering
(iii) UGC – (University Grants Commission) for non technical post-graduation
education
(iv) CEC - (Consortium for Educational Communication) for under-graduate
education
(v) NCERT - (National Council of Educational Research and Training) for school
education
(vi) NIOS - (National Institute of Open Schooling) for school education
(vii) IGNOU - (Indira Gandhi National Open University) for out-of-school students
(viii) IIMB - (Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore) for management studies
(ix) NITTR - (National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research) for
Teacher Training programme.
Courses delivered through SWAYAM are available free of cost to the learners,
however learners wanting a SWAYAM certificate should register for the final
proctored exams that come at a fee and attend in-person at designated centres
on specified dates.
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Your Response :
Correct Answer : B
Exp: An oligotrophic lake or water body is one which has a relatively low productivity
due to the low nutrient content in the lake. The waters of these lakes are usually
quite clear due to the limited growth of algae in the lake. The waters of such
lakes are of high-drinking quality. Such lakes support aquatic species who
require well-oxygenated, cold waters such as lake trout. Oligotrophic lakes are
usually found in the cold regions of the world where mixing of nutrients is rare
and slow due to the low temperatures of the lake waters.
(Q.49) With increase in temperature, the dissolved oxygen content in a water body will:
(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) remain constant
(d) may increase or decrease depending on the temperature range
Your Response :
Correct Answer : A
Exp: The solubility of oxygen decreases as temperature increases. This means that
warmer surface water requires less dissolved oxygen to reach 100% air saturation
than does deeper, cooler water.Temperature also plays a prominent role in
dissolved oxygen levels because temperature establishes a maximum oxygen-
holding capacity of water. High water temperatures (86°F or higher) reduces this
holding capacity.
(Q.50) Which one of the following reports addressed the academic, technical and administrative
problems of the examination system?
Exp: The UGC came out with a report on Standards of Education Systems in year
1965, that addressed the academic, technical and administrative challenges of
the examination system.
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