Republic

R e p u b licofo the
f t h Philippines
e P h ilip p in e s
Central Luzon State University
C e n t ra l Lu z o n S t a t e U n iv e rs it y
Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija
M u ñ o z , N u e v a E c ija

sn

C o lle g e o f E n g in e e r in g

ABEN 2427
ABEN AND RELATED,
SPECIFIC CONTRACTS,
AND PROFESSIONAL
(Monday 1:00am-2:00pm)

ABEN

SUBMITTED BY:
S u b m it t e d b y : . PELAYO, Andrei Stanley
RACOMA, Kathleen M.
SAGUN, Cheenie Mae A.
SEDILLO, Albert R.
SOLOMON, Jimnie
SUAREZ, Eleazar John E.
BSABE 2-2
S u b m it t e d t o :
SUBMITTED TO:
Dr. Vitaliana Malamug
Instructor
WHAT IS REPUBLIC ACT 6541?

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the course,
ABEN 2427
Monday
1:00 pm – 2:00 pm

SUBMITTED BY:
PELAYO, Andrei Stanley
RACOMA, Kathleen M.
SAGUN, Cheenie Mae A.
SEDILLO, Albert R.
SOLOMON, Jimnie
SUAREZ, Eleazar John E.
BSABE 2-2

SUBMITTED TO:
Dr. Vitaliana Malamug

APRIL 29, 2021

 The Philippines is regularly exposed to climate-related hazards such as intensifying

typhoons and floods, as well as seismic and volcanic events that have affected whole regions of

the country. In 2006 the Philippines experienced a devastating typhoon season which damaged

and destroyed hundreds of thousands of homes, and affected eight million people. However, the

experiences of the Philippines, as a disaster-prone country, can serve not just as a warning of the

damage that is done by vulnerability to hazards, but as a showcase of the opportunities for

integrating disaster risk reduction into the recovery process.

As recent events have continued to confirm, disasters upset and negate hard-won

development gains. Disaster risks are increasing and, as awareness grows, these risks have

become a major cause for concern worldwide. The fact that disasters are often the results of

multiple, interrelated causes, means that societies have difficulties in addressing this global issue.

As a result, disasters can have enormous, far-reaching consequences, impacting the survival,

livelihoods and dignity of communities, particularly the poor and the deprived, which are located

mostly in developing countries.

Thus, the Presidential Decree 1096, popularly known as the National Building Code of

the Philippines, which was issued on February 19, 1977 has achieved the purpose of enforcing

uniform standards and requirements on building design, construction, use, occupancy and

maintenance in line with the policy of the state to safeguard life, health, property and public

welfare.

Building Codes are rules set by law for the contractors, architects, designer and for the

owner. With relation to the statement of policy of Republic Act No. 6541 which is known as

“National Building Code of the Philippines” or “Code”, which basically the purpose of the code

is to provide a framework of minimum standards and requirements for all buildings and
structures by guiding, regulating, and controlling their location, sitting, design, quality of

materials, construction, use, and occupancy, in accordance with the principles of environmental

management and control; and to that end, make it the purpose of this Code to provide a

framework of minimum standards and requirements for all buildings and structures by guiding,

regulating, and controlling their location, sitting, design, quality of materials, construction, use,

maintenance of their environment, utilities, fixtures, equipment, mechanical and electrical

systems, and other systems and installations.

The objectives of this paper are to present the acceptable standards in all ABE for its goal

of structural sufficiency, fire safety, health, amenity, and response to the effects of climate

change are provided, so that buildings, facilities, and sites are built, maintained, and demolished

in a safe and environmentally responsible manner.

In relation to, the scope of this republic act includes design, location, siting, construction,

alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, and demolition of both

private and public buildings. One of the examples cited state that when obtaining building

permits for property owners who wish to demolish, build, or otherwise alter their property. He

must obtain a building permit from the Department of Buildings. The entire house, loft, office,

and so on will be built in accordance with building codes and zoning regulations. The permit fee

is estimated to be around $100. The application should be submitted to DOB prior to the start of

construction work. The contractor may apply for permit once the application has been approved.

One of the scopes of this act has also been recognized as where, in any specific case,

different section of this Code specifies different materials, methods of construction, or other
requirements, the most restrictive shall govern. In particular, a marquee tent which follows

certain measurements to ensure the reliability of the structure. A marquee is a tent with open

sides. Used for entertainment purposes. They should be built to extend beyond the street line. It

should be at least 10 feet off the ground, but the structure may receive support from the building.

It should also be 2 feet from the curb line.

Photo courtesy to CanstockPhoto.com: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canstockphoto.com%2Fevent-and-wedding-outdoor-marquee-tents

52924610.html&psig=AOvVaw3Fj-X mT1Rt2z2DUcZ9DeU&ust=1619666957779000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAwQjhxqFwoTCMiIzeH_n_ACFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ
Since many concepts are not easy to describe, this paper contains pictures of good

practice and common bad practice to facilitate understanding and to indicate how to build

better. The photographs have been taken of construction practices in the Philippines. The

Philippines is generally hazard prone to the whole range of natural hazards, like

earthquakes, landslides and flooding due to storms and sudden downpours of rain,

volcanic eruption. The principles of this book are designed to minimize vulnerability to

natural hazards, so that houses will safeguard occupants and their assets. In an area that is

prone to earthquakes and other significant natural hazards, not only principles of design

are important, but also principles of construction, since the best designed house which

has been well covered and painted, may hide serious structural defects in the

construction. These defects may lead to serious injury and death, and loss of property

when the forces of nature strike the house. Another important element in sustainable

housing is spatial planning, building houses in places that are less vulnerable, like away

from river beds and sea shores and steep cliffs. Where houses have to be built in these

locations, design must incorporate resistance to locally experienced hazards. The

following concepts will also apply on planning of building of farm and other agricultural

buildings
Example of bad location. This house is located on a river bed, close to running water,

where it is very vulnerable to flooding. Not only the house, but also its contents are

vulnerable to destruction due to heavy rains. Houses should not be built in such obviously

vulnerable locations, or if they are, they should be designed to resist the hazards of their

location.
Liquefaction. Example of a well built and well-structured house that was not quite

finished when a major hazard struck. The house was structurally good but the foundations

were poor for this location. Due to a major earthquake the foundations suffered from

liquefaction of the ground, and due to the weight of the house, it subsided unevenly into

the ground.
This regularly structured building is able to withstand the impact of hazards. Notice the

structure of columns and floors which are all joined to each other in a regular format.

Overhanging parts of the building are all well supported by continuous columns to the

foundations.
Good structural practice. A good pattern of reinforced concrete columns and beams to

strengthen all aspects of the building including support to strengthen the triangular gable

end wall so that it will not fall when a lateral force strikes the building. All end walls of

this nature need a reinforced column to strengthen them, or they are liable to fall when

the building is subjected to a major lateral force. It also has a reinforced concrete beam to

top to all walls.

Illustration of wood blocks for securing roof structure. Do not use a single nail, which

is a weak support, and may corrode and cease its function quickly in the Philippines

climate. Nails through the wood structure itself also are a weak support.

IMPACT OF BUILING CODE IN AGRICULTURAL AND BIOSYSTEMS

ENGINEERING

The National Building Code sets rules to a performance-based set of standards

that provides objectives and descriptions of how a building and site should be constructed

to achieve a structurally-sound and sustainable built environment. While it ensures the

safety of project, one of the engineering specializations that focuses on agriculture that

aims to address the concerning aspect to which may safety and protocols apply is the

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering. One of the major impacts that could strongly
develop the agricultural sector in the Philippines is the reliability of projects in terms of

irrigation system, infrastructures like warehouses and even the food production which

maintain the source of nutrition considering the reasons why this act exist. And that

reason is to ensure public safety. All buildings must abide to certain principles of

construction. All materials that are needed must also be environmentally friendly.

If you look into the factors affecting the sector of agriculture, it is the duty of

ABE to conform in the code or rules and regulations for the betterment of the said sector.

The aspect to which land and water management face problems in the coverage under a

general permit prior to discharging stormwater. ABE must integrate The National

Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) stormwater program regulates

stormwater discharges from construction activities (such as clearing, grading, excavating,

and stockpiling) that disturb one or more acres, or smaller sites that are part of a larger

common plan of development or sale.

This happens also in the Renovations of buildings which contain a certain

threshold amount of friable asbestos, and during demolitions of all structures,

installations, and facilities (except apartment buildings that have no more than four

dwelling units). Abe should also conform to The Asbestos National Emissions Standards

for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) is intended to minimize the release of asbestos

fibers during activities involving the handling of asbestos. Accordingly, it specifies work

practices to be followed during renovations of buildings.

 Photo courtesy to Fact Sheet: http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/engineer/facts/19-003.html

This image presents a farm building which had gone through many processes

before it was built. Before beginning a construction or renovation project, a building

permit is usually necessary. It is best to discuss a project with the building official to

ensure all requirements are understood early in the planning process, thereby reducing the

risk for time delays and extra costs. Lacking the required information can result in delays

in getting a building permit. If the proposed building site fails to meet the provisions of

the local bylaw, the project could be delayed considerably, or the building permit could

be denied. This building is located in Ontario and is necessary for the engineers to meet

the following requirements: Hence, the building plans should comply with Ontario's

Building Code and Electrical Safety Code. The building plans must meet the

requirements of the Nutrient Management Act, 2002 (for livestock operations). The

building is sited to meet Minimum Distance Separation requirements (for livestock

operations). All conservation authority permits are in place (in some cases).
 However, the structural and design specifications for farm buildings vary

according to the form and size of the building. To meet the specifications of the National

Farm Building Code of Canada, most farm buildings must be constructed by a licensed

architect or skilled engineer (NFBC). Additional requirements for liquid and solid

manure storage as mentioned by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. On the

other hand, smaller farm buildings with low human occupancy (less than 600 m2 and no

more than three stories in height) are considered to comply with the NFBC if they are

planned and built-in accordance with the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing's

Supplementary Standard SB-11, Construction of Farm Buildings. Skilled engineers,

licensed architects, and other individuals may design these structures.

When mixing pesticide, loading, and application, as well as any other farm labor

involving pesticide exposure. Label restrictions typically require protective clothing and

engineering controls (e.g., tractors with enclosed cabs and air recirculation systems). All

Large Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations that land apply manure. Large CAFOs

that land apply manure must meet nutrient planning requirements. Permit required if

CAFO discharges to a water of the U.S. When disposing pesticide, consumers and

producers must Follow label instructions for storing and disposing of pesticides and

containers. The proper water disposal of hazardous materials used by AB Engineer must

comply with specified waste management requirements, including the disposal

instructions on the pesticide label, are not subject to the TSD facility standards.

Even wastes that exhibit one or more of the characteristics of a hazardous waste

are exempt from regulation when the farmer triple rinses each emptied pesticide container

and disposes of the reinstate on his own farm in compliance with the disposal instructions
on the label. Irrigation return flows are not considered solid waste. Agricultural wastes,

such as manure, crop residues returned to the soil as fertilizers or soil conditioners; solid

or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows) may be disposed of on a farmer's own

property unless other State or local laws forbid it.

Thus, these type of farm activities are need to comply with the rules and

regulations or codes which exudes ABE for the safety of people managing agricultural

farms, warehouses, maneuvering irrigation system, controlling and balancing safe food in

order to accelerate food and water security, bio-energy production, natural resource

conservation, environmental protection, and human health and safety by speeding up

agricultural and fishery modernization.

Our Barns, shelters and other farm buildings tend to be the most important

elements of the farm and contains the crop and livestock which are important to

agricultural economy of our country thus it must be protected in the event of a major

hazard impact. The Republic Act no. 6541 or also known as national building code of the

Philippines ensures these. However, the farm activities need to comply with the rules and

regulations or codes which exudes ABE for the safety of people managing agricultural

farms, warehouses, maneuvering irrigation system, controlling and balancing safe food in

order to accelerate food and water security, bio-energy production, natural resource

conservation, environmental protection, and human health and safety by speeding up

agricultural and fishery modernization.

Even in more minor hazard events, the effects can be cumulative. The scope of

this code will have an added effect in reducing the vulnerability of the structures to

collapse when the forces of nature impact it. Monitoring barns and shelter design and
construction will enable you to correct poor practices as they happen so that the buildings

will benefit the agricultural and fisheries sectors of the Philippines in an emergency. The

expense involved in building a stronger structures and building is little compared to the

added security and protection it gives to the well-being and increase productions of the

farm and its buildings.

References:

 Samoa-Government. 2017. Prevention Web. Samoa: National building code.

Retrieved from

https://www.preventionweb.net/english/professional/policies/v.php?

id=59239#:~:text=The%20basic%20objective%20of%20the,safe%20and

%20environmentally%20responsible%20manner.

 Study Mode Research. Building Code. Retrieved from

https://www.studymode.com/essays/Building-Code-378291.html

 EPA. 2019. Environmental Topics. Laws and Regulations that Apply to Your

Agricultural Operation by Farm Activity. Retrieved from

https://www.epa.gov/agriculture/laws-and-regulations-apply-your-agricultural-

operation-farm-activity#BuildingsConstructionRenovation
 Moving Asia Online. 2016. The National Building Code of the Philippines.

Retrieved from https://www.dotproperty.com.ph/blog/the-national-building-code-

of-the-philippines

 https://www.britannica.com/topic/farm-building/Buildings-for-machinery-and-

supplies

 IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL

BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (PD 1096) 2005 from

http://www.iibh.org/kijun/pdf/Philippines_02_IRR_of_NBC_of_the_Philippines.

pdf?

fbclid=IwAR33ShZ_FGvjSozSVbqgEyWdhZZrlGj5RUwveeQTEJEkvmGvvbM

mdhKFvbY

 Good Building Design and Construction from

https://www.unisdr.org/files/10329_GoodBuildingHandbookPhilippines

 Maintenance study in the Philippines from

https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-

bangkok/documents/publication/

 Building Services Engineering Management from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332232932_Building_Services_Enginee

ring_Management