Abdon, Pietro Ian P.

ME142L B39

Objectives

The activity requires the student to determine and calculate the difference of discharge and

suction, flow rate 1/min, output power wo watt, and efficiency of a H115 compact centrifugal

pump.

Abstract

One of the most difficult problems that engineers encounter is fluid (liquid or vapor)

transmission. They must create efficient fluid (liquid or vapor) transfer methods and controls. The

transfer or flow of fluids may be hampered by gravity, an external force, or friction. Friction, on

the other hand, is always present to impede the fluid's motion, even when gravitational pull and

other forces are present.

Introduction

A Centrifugal Pump could be a mechanical hardware that pumps liquids into the weight

vitality of the liquid stream by changing over mechanical control (rotational control). By and large,

the electric engine or motor gives this mechanical control. A centrifugal pump pushes the liquids

through a centrifugal drive. It is in this way called a centrifugal pump. Liquids are moved from

low-pressure areas to high-pressure ranges utilizing this basic shape of pressure driven device.
When pumping fluids, it utilizes an impeller to move the liquid from one point to another (Waqar,

2021).

Centrifugal pumps are broadly utilized in numerous divisions all through the world. Their

request is generally since these pumps don't endure from frictional control misfortune. In spite of

its straightforwardness, this energetic pump is direct to utilize. Spillage and heat transfer issues

don't exist with them. Due to their prevalence over positive relocation pumps, they are favored.

Procedures

It is necessary to execute the following actions prior to pump start – up

1. Open the suction valve.

2. Open the recirculation or cooling lines

3. According to the system circumstances, you can either fully or partially shut off the

discharge valve.

4. Launch the driver

5. Initiate a slow release of pressure by slowly depressing and opening the discharge valve.

6. The pump should rapidly achieve the right discharge pressure if the pressure gauge is

checked.

7. Follow these instructions if the pump does not achieve the correct pressure:

a) Put a stop to the car.

b) Re-prime the pump.

c) Restart the driver

8. While the pump is running, keep an eye on it.

a) As a first step, check the pump for bearing temperature as well as vibration and sound.
 b) If the pumps are running at higher-than-normal levels, shut them down immediately

and fix the problem.

9. Then repeat steps 7 and 6 until the pump is working correctly again.

Safety Measure

1. Instruction Manual: Read it and follow it

a) Do not overheat yourself.

b) Replace worn-out components.

2. It is necessary to maintain the internal components.

a) Check for leaks in the air.

b) Check for a clogged suction line.

c) Routine maintenance is a good idea.

3. Inspecting the pump components.

a) Execute a Shut-down Test.

b) Be sure to check the discharge lines in your home or business.

c) Be on your guard.

d) Create an easy-to-reach water pump.

4. It's all about the place.

a) Only use the pump for the intended purpose.

b) No new hires, only experienced personnel.

c) DATA AND RESULTS

d) Formulas used:
e) Total Head
𝐩 −𝐩
f) 𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐇𝐞𝐚𝐝 = 𝟐 𝟏 Where:
𝛄
N
g) p1 = Suction ( )
m2
N
h) p2 = Discharge ( )
m2
N
i) γ = Specific Weight of liquid ( )
m3
 k) Pump Efficiency
𝐖𝐨
l) 𝛈 = Where:
𝐖𝐢

m) η = pump efficiency
n) Wo = Output Power (kW)
o) Wi = Output Power (kW)
p) Output Power
q) 𝐖𝐨 = 𝐐(𝐩𝟐 − 𝐩𝟏 ) Where:
r) Wo = Output Power (kW)
m3
s) Q = Flowrate ( )
s
N
t) p1 = Suction ( )
m2
N
u) p2 = Discharge ( )
m2

v)
w) Flow rate
𝐕
x) 𝐅𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 = Where:
𝐭

y) V = Volume in liters (m3 )

z) t = time in seconds (s)
aa)

Pressure Flow Rate Output Power

Discharge Suction Difference Volume Time Flow rate (Kw)
(Kg/cm2) (Kg/cm2) (m) (l) (s) (m3/s)
0.4 -0.1 49050 30 19.9 90.4523 73.94
0.6 -0.1 68670 30 20.6 87.3786 100.00
0.8 -0.09 87309 30 21.8 82.5688 120.15
1 -0.07 104967 30 24.8 72.5806 126.98
1.2 -0.06 123606 30 28.4 63.3803 130.57
1.4 -0.04 141264 30 33.1 54.3807 128.03
1.6 -0.03 159903 30 39.8 45.2261 120.53
1.8 0 176580 30 52.4 34.3511 101.10
2 0 196200 30 81.8 22.0049 71.96
2.2 0 215820 30 175.4 10.2623 36.91
2.4 0 235440 30 0 0 0
bb)
Table I. Centrifugal Pump values without an Advance Inverter
Pump Pressure Flow Rate Input Output Efficiency
Speed Discharge Suction Difference Volume Time Flow rate Power Power (%)
(Kg/cm2) (Kg/cm2) (m) (l) (s) (m3/s) (kW) (kW)
2900 0.6 -0.14 7.4 30 16.8 0.0018 750 129.63 17.28
2900 0.9 -0.12 10.2 30 17.2 0.0017 750 174.53 23.27
2900 1.2 -0.1 13 30 18.2 0.0016 750 210.21 28.03
2900 1.4 -0.095 14.95 30 19 0.0016 750 231.57 30.88
2900 1.6 -0.09 16.9 30 20.1 0.0015 750 247.45 32.99
2900 1.8 -0.07 18.7 30 21.7 0.0014 750 253.61 33.82
2900 2 -0.05 20.5 30 24.5 0.0012 750 246.25 32.83
2900 2.2 0 22 30 27.9 0.0011 750 232.06 30.94
2900 2.4 0 24 30 35.3 0.0008 734 200.09 27.26
2900 2.6 0 26 30 50.6 0.0006 712 151.22 21.24
2900 2.7 0 27 30 75.3 0.0004 675 105.52 15.63
2900 2.8 0 28 30 102.8 0.0003 654 80.16 12.26
2900 3 0 30 30 0 0.0000 610 0.00 0

2500 0.5 -0.12 6.2 30 17.4 0.0017 552 104.87 19

2500 0.6 -0.12 7.2 30 17.7 0.0017 557 119.72 21.49
2500 0.8 -0.11 9.1 30 18.3 0.0016 560 146.36 26.13
2500 1 -0.1 11 30 19.2 0.0016 571 168.61 29.53
2500 1.2 -0.09 12.9 30 20.6 0.0015 561 184.29 32.85
2500 1.4 -0.06 14.6 30 22.9 0.0013 554 187.63 33.87
2500 1.6 -0.03 16.3 30 27.3 0.0011 534 175.71 32.91
2500 1.8 0 18 30 36.1 0.0008 494 146.74 29.70
2500 2 0 20 30 61 0.0005 438 96.49 22.03
2500 2.2 0 22 30 0 0.0000 383 0.00 0
dd)
ee) Table 2. Centrifugal Pump values with an Advanced Inverter
ff)
 Pressure at 2900rpm Efficiency at 2900rpm Pressure at 2500rpm
Efficiency at 2500rpm Input Power at 2900rpm Output Power at 2900rpm
Input Power at 2500rpm Output Power at 2500rpm

0.0000 0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.0010 0.0012 0.0014 0.0016 0.0018 0.0020
800 40
700 35
600 30
POWER (KW)

500 25

HEAD (M)
400 20
300 15
200 10
100 5
0 0
0.0000 0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.0010 0.0012 0.0014 0.0016 0.0018 0.0020
FLOW RATE (M3/S
gg)
hh) Figure C. Pump Performance Characteristic Curve

Accuracy

Pump curves are typically derived by curve fitting based on a set of values, this curve fitting may

give its own set of errors and inaccuracies since it is based on actual values but calculated

theoretically. There are also other sources of error such as the pump increasing the water

temperature which would lead to a decrease in the water density. This is somehow almost

negligible as water is often assumed to have constant density of 100 kg/m3 but for the sake of

accuracy one should note the possible errors that can occur if a pump starts to heat up the water.

The gauges themselves would also be a source of error, and thus should be properly calibrated

before use. Rounding off errors may also lead to discrepancies.

Conclusion

This incorporates add up to energetic head (showing the water powered control yield included to

the liquid), capacity (or release rate), mechanical shaft control input, and proficiency (which
could be a degree of a pump's proficiency). A pump's capacity Q, or stream rate, is the sum of

liquid it can handle in each period (such as cubic meter per moment). When deciding the stream

rate Q in m3/s, a volume measuring tank or flowmeter is utilized. W0 is the liquid's weight in

gallons, and the pump's control yield, moreover known as pressure driven control. A pump's

capacity (Q) and stream rate decide water powered control. When a pump is fueled by an engine

or a motor, it is said to have a control input. Wattmeter estimations will appear no pump input

when engine input is utilized, resulting in a combined pump-motor viability instead of basically

pump viability in this situation.

Supplementary Information

Volute and diffuser are the two most common pump casing designs. Each design's goal is to

convert fluid flow into a pressure-controlled release.

If you have a volute casing, the impeller is offset such that it creates an inverted funnel that gets

wider as it gets closer to the pump outlet. As a result of this design, the fluid pressure increases as it

approaches the outlet.

 In terms of diffuser designs, the same basic principles apply. This occurs when fluid is evacuated

between a pair of stationary vanes that surround the impeller, increasing fluid pressure as a result. In

terms of diffuser designs, the same basic principles apply. When the impeller is surrounded by a set of

stationary vanes, the fluid pressure increases.

Reference

Waqar, E. (2021, January 18). What Is Centrifugal Pump? | How does a Centrifugal Pump

work? Mechanical Boost. https://mechanicalboost.com/centrifugal-pump-an-overview/

Michael Smith Engineers ltd. (2019). Useful information on centrifugal pumps. Michael-Smith-

Engineers.co.uk. https://www.michael-smith-engineers.co.uk/resources/useful-info/centrifugal-

pumps

POWER. (2017, December 1). 12 Tips for Centrifugal Pump Safety. POWER Magazine.

https://www.powermag.com/12-tips-for-centrifugal-pump-safety/

Centrifugal Pump Start-up Procedure - EnggCyclopedia. (2011, October 2). EnggCyclopedia.

https://www.enggcyclopedia.com/2011/10/centrifugal-pump-start-up-procedure/