AoPS Community 2016 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

India Regional Mathematical Olympiad 2016

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c353903
by Sayan, anantmudgal09, svatejas, kk108, Snakes, sqing, parmenides51, Lightwing, BigSams

– Delhi Region

1 Given are two circles ω1 , ω2 which intersect at points X, Y . Let P be an arbitrary point on ω1 .
Suppose that the lines P X, P Y meet ω2 again at points A, B respectively. Prove that the cir-
cumcircles of all triangles P AB have the same radius.

2 Consider a sequence (ak )k≥1 of natural numbers defined as follows: a1 = a and a2 = b with
a, b > 1 and gcd(a, b) = 1 and for all k > 0, ak+2 = ak+1 + ak . Prove that for all natural numbers
n and k, gcd(an , an+k ) < a2k .

3 Two circles C1 and C2 intersect each other at points A and B. Their external common tangent
(closer to B) touches C1 at P and C2 at Q. Let C be the reflection of B in line P Q. Prove that
∠CAP = ∠BAQ.

4 Let a, b, c be positive real numbers such that a + b + c = 3. Determine, with certainty, the largest
possible value of the expression
a b c
+ +
a3 + b2 + c b3 + c2 + a c3 + a2 + b

5 a.) A 7-tuple (a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 , b1 , b2 , b3 ) of pairwise distinct positive integers with no common fac-
tor is called a shy tuple if
a21 + a22 + a23 + a24 = b21 + b22 + b23
and for all 1 ≤ i < j ≤ 4 and 1 ≤ k ≤ 3, a2i + a2j 6= b2k . Prove that there exists infinitely many
shy tuples.
b.) Show that 2016 can be written as a sum of squares of four distinct natural numbers.

6 A deck of 52 cards is given. There are four suites each having cards numbered 1, 2, . . . , 13.
The audience chooses some five cards with distinct numbers written on them. The assistant
of the magician comes by, looks at the five cards and turns exactly one of them face down
and arranges all five cards in some order. Then the magician enters and with an agreement
made beforehand with the assistant, he has to determine the face down card (both suite and
number). Explain how the trick can be completed.

– Mumbai Region

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AoPS Community 2016 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

1 Let ABC be a right-angled triangle with ∠B = 90◦ . Let I be the incenter of ABC. Draw a line
perpendicular to AI at I. p
Let it intersect the line CB at D. Prove that CI is perpendicular to
AD and prove that ID = b(b − a) where BC = a and CA = b.

2 Let a, b, c be positive real numbers such that

a b c
+ + = 1.
1+a 1+b 1+c
Prove that abc ≤ 18 .

3 For any natural number n, expressed in base 10, let S(n) denote the sum of all digits of n. Find
all natural numbers n such that n = 2S(n)2 .

4 Find the number of all 6-digits numbers having exactly three odd and three even digits.

5 Let ABC be a triangle with centroid G. Let the circumcircle of triangle AGB intersect the
line BC in X different from B; and the circucircle of triangle AGC intersect the line BC in Y
different from C. Prove that G is the centroid of triangle AXY .

6 Let (a1 , a2 , . . . ) be a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers in arithmetic progres-

sion. Prove that there is an infinite sub-sequence of the given sequence whose terms are in a
geometric progression.

– Maharashtra and Goa Region

1 Find distinct positive integers n1 < n2 < · · · < n7 with the least possible sum, such that their
product n1 × n2 × · · · × n7 is divisible by 2016.

2 At an international event there are 100 countries participating, each with its own flag. There
are 10 distinct flagpoles at the stadium, labelled 1#2,...#10 in a row. In how many ways can all
the 100 flags be hoisted on these 10 flagpoles, such that for each i from 1 to 10, the flagpole#i
has at least i flags? (Note that the vertical order of the flagpoles on each flag is important)

3 Find all integers k such that all roots of the following polynomial are also integers:

f (x) = x3 − (k − 3)x2 − 11x + (4k − 8).

4 Let 4ABC be scalene, with BC as the largest side. Let D be the foot of the perpendicular
from A on side BC. Let points K, L be chosen on the lines AB and AC respectively, such that
D is the midpoint of segment KL. Prove that the points B, K, C, L are concyclic if and only if
∠BAC = 90◦ .

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AoPS Community 2016 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

5 Let x, y, z be non-negative real numbers such that xyz = 1. Prove that

(x3 + 2y)(y 3 + 2z)(z 3 + 2x) ≥ 27.

6 ABC is an equilateral triangle with side length 11 units. Consider the points P1 , P2 , . . . , P1 0 di-
viding segment BC into 11 parts of unit length. Similarly, define Q1 , Q2 , . . . , Q1 0 for the side CA
and R1 , R2 , . . . , R1 0 for the side AB. Find the number of triples (i, j, k) with i, j, k ∈ {1, 2, . . . , 10}
such that the centroids of triangles ABC and Pi Qj Rk coincide.

– Karnataka and WB region

1 Let ABC be a triangle and D be the mid-point of BC. Suppose the angle bisector of ∠ADC is
tangent to the circumcircle of triangle ABD at D. Prove that ∠A = 90◦ .

2 Let a, b, c be three distinct positive real numbers such that abc = 1. Prove that

a3 b3 c3
+ + ≥3
(a − b)(a − c) (b − c)(b − a) (c − a)(c − b)

a c e
3 Let a, b, c, d, e, d, e, f be positive integers such that < < . Suppose af − be = −1. Show
b d f
that d ≥ b + f .

4 There are 100 countries participating in an olympiad. Suppose n is a positive integers such
that each of the 100 countries is willing to communicate in exactly n languages. If each set of
20 countries can communicate in exactly one common language, and no language is common
to all 100 countries, what is the minimum possible value of n?

5 Let ABC be a right-angled triangle with ∠B = 90◦ . Let I be the incentre if ABC. Extend AI and
CI; let them intersect BC in D and AB in E respectively. Draw a line perpendicular to AI at I
to meet AC in J, draw a line perpendicular to CI at I to meet AC at K. Suppose DJ = EK.
Prove that BA = BC.

6 (a). Given any natural number N , prove that there exists a strictly increasing sequence of N
positive integers in harmonic progression.
(b). Prove that there cannot exist a strictly increasing infinite sequence of positive integers
which is in harmonic progression.

– Telangana Region

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AoPS Community 2016 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

1 Let ABC be a right angled triangle with ∠B = 90◦ . Let I be the incentre of triangle ABC.
Suppose AI is extended to meet BC at F . The perpendicular on AI at I is extended to meet
AC at E . Prove that IE = IF .

2 Let a, b, c be positive real numbers such that

a b c
+ + = 1.
1+a 1+b 1+c
Prove that abc ≤ 18 .

3 For any natural number n, expressed in base 10, let S(n) denote the sum of all digits of n. Find
all positive integers n such that n3 = 8S(n)3 + 6S(n)n + 1.

4 Find all 6 digit natural numbers, which consist of only the digits 1, 2, and 3, in which 3 occurs
exactly twice and the number is divisible by 9.

5 Let ABC be a right angled triangle with ∠B = 90◦ . Let AD be the bisector of angle A with D
on BC . Let the circumcircle of triangle ACD intersect AB again at E; and let the circumcircle
of triangle ABD intersect AC again at F . Let K be the reflection of E in the line BC . Prove
that F K = BC.

6 Show that the infinite arithmetic progression {1, 4, 7, 10 . . .} has infinitely many 3 -term sub se-
quences in harmonic progression such that for any two such triples {a1 , a2 , a3 } and {b1 , b2 , b3 }
in harmonic progression , one has
a1 a2
6=
b1 b2
.

– Odisha Region

1 Let ABC be an isosceles triangle with AB = AC. Let Γ be its circumcircle and let O be the
centre of Γ . let CO meet Γ in D. Draw a line parallel to AC thrugh D. Let it intersect AB at E.
Suppose AE : EB = 2 : 1 .Prove that ABC is an equilateral triangle.

ab bc ca
2 Let a, b, c be positive real numbers such that + + = 1. Prove that
1 + bc 1 + ca 1 + ab
1 1 1 √
3
+ 3 + 3 ≥6 2
a b c

3 The precent ages in years of two brothers A and B,and their father C are three distinct positive
integers a, b and c respectively .Suppose a−1b−1
and a+1
b+1
are two consecutive integers , and c−1
b−1
and c+1
b+1 are two consecutive integers . If a + b + c ≤ 150 , determine a, b and c.

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AoPS Community 2016 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

4 A box contains answer 4032 scripts out of which exactly half have odd number of marks. We
choose 2 scripts randomly and, if the scores on both of them are odd number, we add one mark
to one of them, put the script back in the box and keep the other script outside. If both scripts
have even scores, we put back one of the scripts and keep the other outside. If there is one
script with even score and the other with odd score, we put back the script with the odd score
and keep the other script outside. After following this procedure a number of times, there are
3 scripts left among
which there is at least one script each with odd and even scores. Find, with proof, the number
of scripts with odd scores among the three left.

5 Let ABC be a triangle , AD an altitude and AE a median . Assume B, D, E, C lie in that order
on the line BC . Suppose the incentre of triangle ABE lies on AD and he incentre of triangle
ADC lies on AE . Find ,with proof ,the angles of triangle ABC .

6 (a)Given any natural number N, prove that there exists a strictly increasing sequence of N pos-
itive integers in harmonic progression.
(b)Prove that there cannot exist a strictly increasing infinite sequence of positive integers
which is in harmonic progression.

– Chandigarh Region

1 Suppose in a given collection of 2016 integer, the sum of any 1008 integers is positive. Show
that sum of all 2016 integers is positive.

2 On a stormy night ten guests came to dinner party and left their shoes outside the room in
order to keep the carpet clean. After the dinner there was a blackout, and the gusts leaving
one by one, put on at random, any pair of shoes big enough for their feet. (Each pair of shoes
stays together). Any guest who could not find a pair big enough spent the night there. What is
the largest number of guests who might have had to spend the night there?

3 a, b, c, d are integers such that ad + bc divides each of a, b, c and d. Prove that ad + bc = ±1

4 Prove that (4 cos2 9o 3)(4 cos2 27o 3) = tan 9o .

5 Given a rectangle ABCD, determine two points K and L on the sides BC and CD such that
the triangles ABK, AKL and ADL have same area.

6 Positive integers a, b, c satisfy a1 + 1b + 1c < 1. Prove that a1 + 1b + 1c ≤ 42 . Also prove that equality
41

in fact holds in the second inequality.

7 Two of the Geometry box tools are placed on the table as shown. Determine the angle ∠ABC
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/--DWVwVQJgMM/XU1OK08PSUI/AAAAAAAAKfs/dgZeYwiYOrQJE4eKQT5s13GQdB
s1600/prmo%2B16%2BChandigarh%2Bp7.png

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AoPS Community 2016 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

8 At some integer points a polynomial with integer coefficients take values 1, 2 and 3. Prove that
there exist not more than one integer at which the polynomial is equal to 5.

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