MATHS DEPARTMENT-PART 4 :GEOMETRY

Lesson 2: Properties of polygons

The word “Polygon” comes from the Greek word meaning “Many angles “

A polygon : Is a closed shape whose boundary consists of straight lines.

A regular polygon : is a polygon that has all its sides equal in length
and all its angles equal in measure .

Types of regular polygons

Measure of each
Name No. of sides Shape Sum of angles
angle

Equilateral
3 180 60
Triangle

Square 4 360 90

Pentagon 5 540 108

Hexagon 6 720 120

Heptagon 7 900 128.6

Octagon 8 1080 135

Nonagon 9 1260 140

Decagon 10 1440 144

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 MATHS DEPARTMENT-PART 4 :GEOMETRY

How to calculate the angles of a polygon?

1] The sum of measures of interior angles of a polygon of 𝒏 sides = ( 𝒏 – 𝟐 ) × 𝟏𝟖𝟎

e.g. sum of measures of angles of a pentagon = (5 − 2) × 180 = 540 0

( 𝐧−𝟐 )×𝟏𝟖𝟎°
2] The measure of each interior angle of a polygon of 𝑛 sides =
𝐧
(5−2)×180
e.g. The measure of each angle of a pentagon = = 1080
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3] The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a polygon = 3600

b
a + b + c + d + e = 360 0
a
c

e
d

360
The measure of each exterior angle in a polygon =
𝑛

An exterior angle + adjacent interior angle = 180.

eg. x + c = 180 b
k
a
c x L

y z e
d

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 MATHS DEPARTMENT-PART 4 :GEOMETRY

Practice :

1) A 10-sided polygon has 2 equal angles of 160 and eight equal angles of measure x.
find the value of x.

2) Each of the interior angles of a regular polygon is 171. Calculate the number of sides
of the polygon.

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 MATHS DEPARTMENT-PART 4 :GEOMETRY

Class work :

1) Find the size of each interior of a polygon of 30 sides.

2) June 2002 p3 no. 7 :

In the diagram, AX and CY are straight lines, which intersect at D.

BA and CY are parallel.
Angle CDX = 40 ° and angle ABC = 150 °.
(a) (i) Find p, q and r.
Answer (a)(i) p = ............................................ [1]
q = ............................................ [1]
r = ............................................. [1]
(ii) What is the name of the special quadrilateral ABCD?
Answer (a)(ii) ................................................. [1]

(b) (i) A nonagon is a polygon with nine sides.

Calculate the size of an interior angle of a regular nonagon.
Answer (b)(i) .................................................. [3]
(ii) Each angle of another regular polygon is 150 °.
Calculate the number of sides of this polygon.
Answer (b)(ii) ................................................. [3]

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 MATHS DEPARTMENT-PART 4 :GEOMETRY

3)June 2004 p3 no. 4 :

In this question, the diagrams are not to scale.

(a) Calculate the value of s.

Answer(a) s = ………………………………… [1]

(b) Calculate the value of t.

Answer(b) t = ………………………………….. [2]

(c) (i)

Complete the equation x + 2y = ………………………… [2]

(ii)

Complete the equation x+ y = ………………………… [2]

(iii) Solve the simultaneous equations given by your answers to parts c (i) and c (ii)
to find the values of x and y
Answer c (iii) x = ……………….. , y = ………………. [3]
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