Professional Documents
Culture Documents
3
Matematik Pengguna: Simpanan dan Pelaburan, Kredit
dan Hutang
Consumer Mathematics: Savings and Investments, Credit and Debt
Nota Ekspres
■ 3.1 Simpanan dan Pelaburan (ii) pemegang saham ialah pemilik syarikat
1 Terdapat beberapa jenis simpanan di bank. dan menerima dividen bergantung pada
There are several types of savings in bank. keuntungan dan prestasi syarikat
(a) Akaun simpanan/Savings account shareholder is the owner of the company and
receives dividend based on the profit and the
(i) Pemegang akaun menyimpan sejumlah
performance of the company
wang dan menerima faedah yang telah
(b) amanah saham/unit trust
ditetapkan oleh institusi perbankan
(i) pelaburan kolektif yang dilaburkan ke
mengikut jumlah wang simpanan.
dalam portfolio sekuriti atau aset lain
The account hoder saves a sum of money and
collective investments that are invested in securities
receives interest determined by the banking
portfolios or other assets
institutions according to the amount of savings.
(ii) berisiko rendah dan diuruskan oleh
(ii) Pemegang akaun boleh menyimpan dan
pengurus dana profesional
mengeluarkan wang daripada akaun
low risk and manages by professional fund manager
simpanan pada bila-bila masa.
(c) hartanah/real estate
The account holder can deposit and withdraw
money from savings account at any time. (i) suatu pelaburan yang memberikan
(b) Akaun simpanan tetap pulangan pelaburan melalui pendapatan
Fixed deposit account sewa atau menjual semula aset
(i) Pemegang akaun menyimpan sejumlah an investment that gives a return through rental
income or resale the assets
wang dalam satu tempoh masa tertentu
(ii) risiko bergantung pada lokasi hartanah
seperti 3 bulan, 6 bulan atau 9 bulan.
The account holder saves a sum of money within dan keadaan ekonomi semasa
a certain period such as 3 months, 6 months or 9 risk depends on the location of the property and the
months. current economic conditions
(ii) Wang simpanan tidak boleh dikeluarkan (iii) pelabur memerlukan modal yang besar
sehingga tempoh matang. dengan tahap kecairan yang rendah
The savings cannot be withdrawn until maturity an investor needs a large capital with low liquidity
date. level
(c) Akaun semasa/Current account 3 Faedah diberi kepada jumlah wang yang disimpan.
(i) Simpanan sama ada untuk kegunaan Terdapat dua jenis faedah iaitu faedah mudah dan
peribadi atau perniagaan. faedah kompaun.
The savings either for personal use or business. Interest is given on the sum of money deposited. There are
two types of interest, which are simple interest and compound
(ii) Cek boleh digunakan untuk membuat
interest.
pembayaran jumlah yang besar.
(a) Faedah mudah/Simple interest
Cheque can be used to make payment of large
amounts. (i) Ganjaran yang diterima berdasarkan
(iii) Pemegang akaun boleh membuat jumlah wang yang disimpan (prinsipal)
pengeluaran menggunakan kad debit dan sahaja.
Amount of money received based on the total
saluran lain seperti perbankan internet.
amount deposited (principal) only.
Account holder can withdraw money using debit card
or other channels such as internet banking. (ii) Rumus faedah mudah:
Simple interest formula:
2 Pelaburan ialah salah satu cara untuk mendapatkan
pulangan pada masa hadapan. Jenis-jenis pelaburan I = Prt
ialah:
Investment is a way to get profit in the future. Types of investment dengan keadaan, I = faedah, P = prinsipal,
are: r = kadar faedah dan t = masa dalam tahun
(a) saham/shares where, I = interest, P = principal, r = rate and t = time
in year
(i) pegangan atau perkongsian hak milik
Contoh/Example:
sesebuah syarikat dalam bentuk ekuiti
a shareholding or partnership of a company in the Ahmad menyimpan wang sebanyak RM5 000
form of equity di Bank Orang Ramai dengan kadar faedah 3%
12
13
PdPc
14
Namakan jenis simpanan yang sesuai bagi setiap yang berikut berdasarkan maklumat di bawah. TP 1
Name the type of savings that is suitable for each of the following based on the information below.
Pak Sabri mempunyai 3 orang anak iaitu Azizan, Burhan dan Chinta. Pak Sabri memberi sebanyak
RM10 000 kepada setiap anaknya. Azizan tidak mempunyai pekerjaan yang tetap dan memerlukan
wang pada setiap bulan untuk menyara keluarga kecilnya. Oleh itu, dia bercadang untuk menyimpan
wang tersebut di tempat yang selamat dan boleh dikeluarkan pada bila-bila masa. Burhan ialah seorang
usahawan yang mempunyai sebuah kafe. Dia selalu menggunakan cek dalam urusan perniagaannya.
Manakala, Chinta ialah seorang pelajar universiti. Dia bercadang untuk menyimpan wang tersebut dalam
tempoh setahun untuk mendapat sedikit keuntungan.
Pak Sabri has 3 children, Azizan, Burhan and Chinta. He gives RM10 000 to each of his children. Azizan does not have a per-
manent job and needs money every month to support his small family. Therefore, he plans to save the money in a place that
is safe and can be withdrawn any time. Burhan is an entrepreneur who owns a cafe. He always uses cheque in his business
dealings. Whereas Chinta is a university student. She plans to save the money for a year to get a little profit.
15
1 Diberi prinsipal = RM5 000, kadar faedah 2 Diberi prinsipal = RM1 000, kadar faedah
= 4% setahun dan masa = 5 tahun. = 12% setahun dan masa = 3 tahun.
Given principal = RM5 000, interest rate = 4% per Given principal = RM1 000, interest rate = 12% per
annum and time = 5 years. annum and time = 3 years.
( )
I = Prt = (5 000) 4 (5)
100 ( )
I = Prt = (1 000) 12 (3)
100
= RM1 000 = RM360
3 Diberi prinsipal = RM20 000, kadar faedah 4 Diberi prinsipal = RM25 000, kadar faedah
= 7.5% setahun dan masa = 6 bulan. = 3.5% setahun dan masa = 42 bulan.
Given principal = RM20 000, interest rate = 7.5% per Given principal = RM25 000, interest rate = 3.5% per
annum and time = 6 months. annum and time = 42 months.
( )( )
I = Prt = (20 000) 7.5 6
100 12 ( )( )
I = Prt = (25 000) 3.5 42
100 12
= RM750 = RM3 062.50
5 Helen menyimpan sebanyak RM3 800 di Bank Dahlia dengan kadar faedah 3.5% setahun. Hitung
jumlah faedah yang diperoleh Helen selepas 2 tahun.
Helen deposited RM3 800 in Bank Dahlia with an interest rate of 3.5% per annum. Calculate the total interest
received by Helen after 2 years.
( )
3.5
= (3 800) 100 (2)
= RM266
6 Asrul menyimpan sebanyak RM5 500 di sebuah bank dengan kadar faedah 5% setahun. Hitung
jumlah faedah yang diperoleh Asrul selepas 6 bulan.
Asrul deposited RM5 500 in a bank with an interest rate of 5% per annum. Calculate the total interest received by
Asrul after 6 months.
( )( )
= (5 500) 5 6
100 12
= RM137.50
7 Balvin menyimpan sebanyak RM10 000 di sebuah bank dengan kadar faedah 2.5% setahun.
Hitung jumlah faedah yang diperoleh Balvin selepas 3 tahun.
Balvin deposited RM10 000 in a bank with an interest rate of 2.5% per year. Calculate the total interest received by
Balvin after 3 years.
(
2.5
= (10 000) 100 (3))
= RM750
16
1 Alia menyimpan wang sebanyak RM100 000 di sebuah bank dengan kadar faedah 3.2% setahun.
Berapakah jumlah simpanan Alia selepas 10 tahun?
Alia deposited RM100 000 in a bank with an interest rate of 3.2% per annum. What is Alia’s total savings after 10 years?
( )
I = (100 000) 3.2 (10)
100
= RM32 000
Maka, jumlah simpanan = RM100 000 + RM32 000
= RM132 000
2 Zafuan menyimpan sebanyak RM4 500 di Bank Orkid yang menawarkan kadar faedah 5%
setahun selama 18 bulan. Manakala, Siew menyimpan sejumlah wang di Bank Murni yang
menawarkan kadar faedah 7.5% setahun selama 2 tahun. Hitung jumlah wang yang disimpan oleh
Siew jika jumlah faedah yang diperoleh Zafuan dan Siew adalah sama. KBAT Menilai
Zafuan deposited RM4 500 in Bank Orkid which offers an interest rate of 5% per annum for 18 months. While, Siew
deposited a sum of money in Bank Murni which offers an interest rate of 7.5% per annum for 2 years. Calculate the
total money deposited by Siew if the total interest received by Zafuan and Siew are the same.
Zafuan: Siew:
( )( )
I = (4 500) 5 18
100 12 ( )
337.5 = P 7.5 (2)
100
= RM337.50 337.5 = 0.15P
P = 337.5
0.15
P = RM2 250
3 Hitung nilai kadar faedah jika jumlah simpanan asal menjadi dua kali ganda selepas 5 tahun.
Calculate the value of interest rate if the total initial savings becomes twice after 5 years. KBAT Menilai
I = Prt
P = Pr(5) *(I = P jika nilai simpanan menjadi dua kali ganda)
1 = r(5)
r= 1
5
r = 0.2 × 100%
r = 20%
17
Hitung jumlah simpanan dan faedah kompaun menggunakan formula yang diberi. TP 3
Calculate the total savings and compound interest using the given formulae.
2 Prinsipal = RM100 000, Kadar faedah = 2% setahun, Masa = 5 tahun, Pengkompaunan setiap tahun
Principal = RM100 000, Interest rate = 2% per annum, Time = 5 years, Compounded yearly
18
1 Sofian menyimpan sebanyak RM7 500 ke dalam akaun simpanan dengan kadar faedah 4% setahun
dan pengkompaunan setiap setengah tahun. Hitung jumlah simpanan Sofian selepas 5 tahun.
Sofian deposited RM7 500 into a savings account with an interest rate of 4% per annum and compounded half-
yearly. Calculate Sofian’s total savings after 5 years.
MV = P1 + r nt
n
= 7 5001 + 0.04
(2)(5)
2
= 7 500(1.02)10
= RM9 142.46
2 Pada 1 Januari 2012, Ah Chong menyimpan RM690 ke dalam akaun simpanan yang menawarkan
kadar faedah 2% setahun dan pengkompaunan setiap suku tahun. Hitung jumlah simpanan
Ah Chong pada 31 Disember 2021.
On 1st January 2012, Ah Chong deposited RM690 into a savings account which offers an interest rate of 2% per
annum and compounded quarterly. Calculate Ah Chong’s total savings on 31st December 2021.
MV = P1 + r nt
n
0.02 (4)(10)
= 6901 + 4
= 690 (1.005)40
= RM842.35
3 Sin Ling menyimpan RM90 000 di sebuah bank dengan kadar faedah 5% setahun dan
pengkompaunan setiap tahun. Hitung jumlah faedah terkumpul pada akhir tahun kelima.
Sin Ling deposited RM90 000 in a bank with an interest rate of 5% per annum and compounded yearly. Calculate the
total interest accumulated at the end of fifth year.
MV = P1 + r nt
n
= 90 0001 + 0.05
(1)(5)
1
= 90 000 (1.05)5
= RM114 865.34
Maka, jumlah faedah terkumpul = RM114 865.34 – RM90 000
= RM24 865.34
19
1 Harjit menyimpan sejumlah wang di sebuah bank yang menawarkan kadar faedah sebanyak 10%
setahun dan pengkompaunan setiap tahun. Hitung nilai prinsipal jika jumlah faedah yang diterima
oleh Harjit selepas tiga tahun ialah RM1 357.10.
Harjit deposited a sum of money in a bank which offers an interest rate of 10% per annum and compounded yearly.
Calculate the value of principal if the total interest received by Harjit after three years is RM1 357.10.
Nilai matang = Nilai prinsipal + Jumlah faedah yang terkumpul
MV = P + 1 357.1
MV = P1 + 0.1
(1)(3)
1 1.331P – P = 1 357.1
0.331P = 1 357.1
P + 1 357.1 = P1 + 0.1
(1)(3)
1 1 357.1
P = 0.331
P + 1 357.1 = P(1.1)3
P + 1 357.1 = 1.331P P = RM4 100
2 Sebuah bank menawarkan kadar faedah dengan pengkompaunan setiap setengah tahun bagi nilai
prinsipal RM50 000. Hitung kadar faedah tersebut jika jumlah faedah terkumpul selepas dua
tahun ialah RM2 700.
A bank offers an interest rate with compounded half-yearly for principal value RM50 000. Calculate the interest rate if
the total interest accumulated after two years is RM2 700.
20
1 Amira membeli 10 000 unit amanah saham yang bernilai RM1.55 seunit. Jika setahun kemudian
dia menjual semua saham itu dengan harga RM1.70 seunit, hitung nilai pulangan pelaburan yang
diperoleh Amira.
Amira buys 10 000 units of unit trust cost RM1.55 per unit. If one year later she sells all the unit trust with the price of
RM1.70 per unit, calculate the value of return on investment received by Amira.
= 9.68%
2 Pada tahun 2019, Chew membeli saham sebuah syarikat yang bernilai RM5 000. Sepanjang
tempoh pegangan saham itu Chew telah menerima dividen sebanyak RM570. Pada tahun 2020,
Chew menjual semua sahamnya dan menerima RM7 000. Hitung nilai pulangan pelaburannya.
In 2019, Chew bought shares of a company for RM5 000. During the shareholding period, Chew received dividend of
RM570. In 2020, Chew sold all his shares and received RM7 000. Calculate the return on his investment.
21
1 Encik Redwan membeli sebuah pangsapuri yang berharga RM180 000 dengan membayar 10% wang
pendahuluan iaitu sebanyak RM18 000. Selepas 15 tahun, dia menjual pangsapuri itu dengan harga
RM350 000. Jumlah pinjaman yang telah dijelaskan kepada pihak bank ialah RM200 500 dan baki
pinjaman bank yang belum dijelaskan ialah RM90 000. Dalam tempoh tersebut dia telah mendapat
RM110 000 hasil daripada sewaan. Berikut merupakan caj-caj lain yang terlibat dalam urusan jual
beli pangsapuri itu:
Mr Redwan bought an apartment for RM180 000 by paying 10% down payment of RM18 000. After 15 years, he sold
the apartment for RM350 000. The amount of the loans paid to the bank was RM200 500 and the outstanding balance
of bank loan was RM90 000. During the period, he earned RM110 000 from rental. Below are the other charges involved
in the sales and purchase transaction of the apartment:
(b) Nyatakan tiga faktor yang mempengaruhi pulangan pelaburan Encik Redwan.
State three factors that affect the return on Mr Redwan's investment.
Keadaan ekonomi
Lokasi pangsapuri
Situasi politik
22
Tandakan (✓) pada pernyataan yang benar dan (✗) pada pernyataan yang palsu. TP 2
Mark (✓) for the true statement and (✗) for the false statement.
Kelaskan jenis-jenis simpanan dan pelaburan berikut kepada tahap pulangan rendah dan tahap
pulangan tinggi. TP 2
Group the following type of savings and investments to the low return level and high return level.
5 Simpanan 7 Hartanah
Padankan jenis-jenis simpanan dan pelaburan yang berikut dengan tahap kecairan yang betul. TP 2
Match the following type of savings and investments with the correct liquidity level.
9 Unit amanah
Unit trust
•
Rendah
• Low
10 Hartanah
Real estate
•
• Sederhana
Moderate
11 Simpanan tetap
Fixed deposit
•
Tinggi
• High
12 Saham syarikat
Company shares
•
13 Simpanan
Savings
•
23
Selesaikan. TP 3
Solve.
1 Seorang pelabur melabur sebanyak RM200 pada setiap bulan untuk membeli saham dalam tempoh
setahun. Berdasarkan jadual di bawah, lengkapkan tempat kosong dan kira purata kos seunit saham.
Seterusnya, huraikan kesan pelaburan yang dapat dilihat berdasarkan potensi risiko.
An investor invests RM200 every month to buy shares for a year. Based on the table below, complete the empty spaces
and calculate the average cost per share. Hence, explain the effect of the investment in terms of potential risk.
1 1.00 200
Jumlah/Total 2 088
1 Encik Lim, Encik Mohan dan Encik Nasir masing-masing menerima wang pencen RM200 000
daripada majikan mereka. Mereka melaburkan wang tersebut seperti yang berikut:
Mr Lim, Mr Mohan and Mr Nasir receive retirement money of RM200 000 respectively from their employer. They invest
the money as follows:
Membeli sebuah rumah teres yang berharga RM200 000 dan menyewakannya
Encik Lim RM1 000 sebulan.
Mr Lim
Buys a terrace house for RM200 000 and rent it for RM1 000 per month.
Menyimpan RM200 000 ke dalam akaun simpanan yang menawarkan kadar
Encik Mohan faedah 5% setahun dan pengkompaunan setiap suku tahun.
Mr Mohan Saves RM200 000 into savings account which offers interest rate 5% per annum and
compounded quarterly.
Melabur dalam Amanah Saham Bumiputera (ASB) sebanyak RM200 000
dengan membeli saham yang berharga RM2.00 seunit. ASB telah mengisytihar
Encik Nasir dividen sebanyak 7% pada akhir tahun kewangan tersebut.
Mr Nasir
Invests in Amanah Saham Bumiputera (ASB) for RM200 000 by buying the shares with the price
RM2.00 per unit. ASB has announced dividend 7% at the end of financial year.
Hitung nilai pulangan pelaburan yang diperoleh mereka selepas setahun. Seterusnya, tentukan
pelaburan siapa yang lebih menguntungkan. Berikan justifikasi anda.
Calculate the return on investment received by them after one year. Hence, determine which investment is the most
profitable. Give your justification.
Encik Lim
Hasil sewa = RM1 000 × 12 = RM12 000
12 000
Nilai pulangan pelaburan = 200 000 × 100% = 6%
Encik Mohan
0.05 (4)(1)
MV = 200 000 1 + 4 = RM210 189.07
Nilai faedah = RM210 189.07 – RM200 000 = RM10 189.07
10 189.07
Nilai pulangan pelaburan = 200 000 × 100% = 5.09%
Encik Nasir
7
Nilai dividen = 100 × RM200 000 = RM14 000
14 000
Nilai pulangan pelaburan = 200 000 × 100% = 7%
Pelaburan Encik Nasir lebih menguntungkan kerana nilai pulangan pelaburan beliau lebih tinggi
berbanding Encik Lim dan Encik Mohan.
25
1 Jadual di bawah menunjukkan perubahan harga tiga jenis saham dalam tempoh 6 bulan. Diberi
modal pelaburan ialah RM150 setiap bulan. Berdasarkan purata kos seunit saham, saham yang
manakah paling berisiko untuk dilabur? Terangkan jawapan anda.
The table below shows the price change of three types of shares for 6 months. Given the capital of investment is
RM150 per month. Based on the average cost per share, which share is the most risky to invest? Explain your answer.
Saham A B C
Purata kos seunit saham 900 = RM1.02 900 = RM0.50 900 = RM1.01
883 1 810 894
Saham A paling berisiko untuk dilabur kerana perbezaan antara harga purata kos seunit saham
dengan harga minimum dan harga maksimum saham adalah paling besar.
(RM1.02 – RM0.90 = RM0.12 dan RM1.02 – RM1.10 = –RM0.08).
26
Yuran
penyertaan
Participation fee
5 2
Nyatakan sama ada ‘wajar’ atau ‘tidak wajar’ untuk menggunakan kad kredit berdasarkan situasi di
bawah. TP 2
State either ‘necessary’ or ‘unnecessary’ to use a credit card based on the situations below.
6 Khalida seorang yang suka bermekap. Dia selalu menggunakan kad kredit
untuk membeli alat solek yang berjenama dan sering lewat membayar baki Tidak wajar
tertunggak.
Khalida loves to makeup. She always uses credit card to buy branded makeup and is often
late to pay the outstanding balance.
7 Ammar menggunakan kad kredit setiap kali mengisi petrol keretanya.
Penggunaan kad kredit ini membolehkannya mendapat mata ganjaran yang
boleh ditebus pada bila-bila masa. Selain itu, dia sentiasa memastikan baki
tertunggak dibayar sebelum tempoh tanpa faedah tamat. Wajar
Ammar uses credit card every time he fills his car’s petrol. The use of credit card allows him
to earn rewards that can be redeemed at any time. In addition, he always makes sure the
outstanding balance is settled before its statement due date.
27
1 Ali menerima penyata kad kredit untuk bulan April dari Bank Cahaya. Penyata tersebut
menunjukkan Ali mempunyai baki tertunggak sebanyak RM4 500. Bank Cahaya mengenakan caj
kewangan sebanyak 18% setahun dan caj bayaran lewat 1% daripada baki tertunggak. Andaikan
Ali tidak menggunakan kad kredit pada bulan Mei.
Ali received credit card statement for April from Bank Cahaya. The statement shows that Ali has an outstanding
balance of RM4 500. Bank Cahaya imposed finance charges of 18% annually and minimum late payment charges of
1% of the outstanding balance. Assume Ali did not use the credit card in May.
(a) Ali perlu membuat bayaran minimum sebanyak 5%. Hitung bayaran minimum yang perlu
dibayar olehnya.
Ali must make a minimum payment of 5%. Calculate the minimum payment that he has to pay.
5
Bayaran minimum = 100 × RM4 500
= RM225
(b) Jika Ali hanya membuat bayaran minimum dalam tempoh tanpa faedah dan tarikh penyata
ialah 15 hari dari tarikh tamat tempoh tanpa faedah, hitung caj kewangan yang dikenakan pada
penyata bulan Mei.
If Ali only made a minimum payment within the interest free period and the statement date is 15 days from the
deadline of the interest free period, calculate the finance charges imposed in the May statement.
= RM31.62
(c) Jika Ali gagal membuat sebarang bayaran pada bulan April, hitung baki pada penyata bulan
Mei.
If Ali fails to make any payment in April, calculate the balance in the May statement.
28
1 Jarmit membeli satu set meja makan yang berharga RM8 800. Dia membayar sebanyak RM4 000
secara tunai dan selebihnya dengan menggunakan kad kredit. Namun, dia terlupa untuk membuat
bayaran balik. Jika pengeluar kad kredit mengenakan caj bayaran lewat 1% dan caj kewangan
(faedah) 18% setahun ke atas baki belum jelas untuk 20 hari, hitung jumlah baki tunggakan kad
kreditnya pada bulan seterusnya.
Jarmit bought a set of dining table costs RM8 800. He paid RM 4 000 by cash and the balance by using credit card.
However, he forgot to make repayment. If a credit card provider imposes a late payment charge of 1% and a finance
charge (interest) of 18% per annum on the outstanding balance for 20 days, calculate the amount of outstanding
balance of his credit card on the following month.
Baki yang belum dijelaskan = RM8 800 – RM4 000 = RM4 800
2 Najihah melancong ke Itali pada bulan November 2019. Sepanjang berada di sana, dia berbelanja
dengan menggunakan kad kredit. Setibanya di Malaysia, dia menghitung jumlah perbelanjaannya
ialah €1 350. Dia hanya membuat bayaran minimum 5% dan tarikh penyata ialah 18 hari dari
tarikh tamat tempoh tanpa faedah. Pengeluar kad kredit mengenakan caj kewangan (faedah)
15% setahun. Hitung baki tunggakan pada penyata bulan Disember. Andaikan Najihah tidak
menggunakan kad kredit pada bulan Disember.
(Diberi kadar tukaran wang semasa 1€ = RM4.75)
Najihah travelled to Italy in November 2019. When she was there, she spent by using credit card. Upon arrival in
Malaysia, she calculated that she spent €1 350. She only made a minimum payment of 5% and the statement date is
18 days from the deadline of interest free period. The credit card provider imposes a finance charge (interest) of 15%
per annum, calculate the outstanding balance in the Disember statement. Assume Najihah did not use credit card in
Disember.
(Given the current exchange rate 1€ = RM4.75)
29
1 Idayu membuat pinjaman peribadi di sebuah bank sebanyak RM85 000 dengan kadar faedah
sama rata 7% setahun. Hitung ansuran bulanan yang perlu dibayar oleh Idayu jika dia membuat
pinjaman selama 5 tahun.
Idayu makes a personal loan of RM85 000 with a flat interest rate of 7% per annum in a bank. Calculate the monthly
instalment needed to pay by Idayu if she makes the loan for 5 years.
Jumlah pinjaman = P + Prt
= 85 000 + (85 000) ( 100 )
7 (5)
= RM114 750
Jumlah bulan = 5 × 12 = 60 bulan
Maka, bayaran ansuran bulanan = 114 750 = RM1 912.50
60
2 Li Jie membuat pinjaman kereta sebanyak RM128 000 dari Bank Lily yang memberikan kadar
faedah sama rata 5.5% setahun. Hitung ansuran bulanan Li Jie jika dia membuat pinjaman selama
Li Jie makes a car loan of RM128 000 from Bank Lily that offers a flat interest rate of 5.5% per annum. Calculate Li
Jie’s monthly instalment if he makes the loan for:
(a) 5 tahun/5 years
Jumlah pinjaman = P + Prt
= 128 000 + (128 000) 5.5 (5)
100 ( )
= RM163 200
Jumlah bulan = 5 × 12 = 60 bulan
Maka, bayaran ansuran bulanan = 163 200 = RM2 720
60
30
Bayaran pokok
Faedah atas baki Ansuran bulanan
Payment of
Interest on balance Monthly instalment
principal
1 2 3
Jumlah faedah 3 000 – 1 750
atas baki 500 000 × 0.042 =
12 RM1 750 = RM1 250 RM3 000
Total interest on
balance
4
Baki pinjaman 500 000 – 1 250
pokok
Balance of principal
= RM498 750
Bayaran pokok
Faedah atas baki Ansuran bulanan
Payment of
Interest on balance Monthly instalment
principal
Jumlah faedah 5 6 7
atas baki 498 750 × 0.042
3 000 – 1 745.63
12 = RM1 745.63 = RM1 254.37
Total interest on RM3 000
balance
8
Baki pinjaman 498 750 – 1 254.37
pokok
Balance of principal = RM497 495.63
Bayaran pokok
Faedah atas baki Ansuran bulanan
Payment of
Interest on balance Monthly instalment
principal
Jumlah faedah 9 10 11
atas baki 3 000 – 1 741.23
497 495.63 × 0.042 =
Total interest on 12 RM1 741.23 = RM1 258.77 RM3 000
balance
12
Baki pinjaman 497 495.63 – 1 258.77
pokok = RM496 236.86
Balance of principal
31
Bayaran pokok
Faedah atas baki Ansuran bulanan
Payment of
Interest on balance Monthly instalment
principal
13 14 15
Jumlah faedah
atas baki 496 236.86 × 0.042
12 = RM1 736.83 3 000 – 1 736.83 RM3 000
Total interest on
balance = RM1 263.17
16
Baki pinjaman 496 236.86 – 1 263.17
pokok
Balance of principal = RM494 973.69
Bayaran pokok
Faedah atas baki Ansuran bulanan
Payment of
Interest on balance Monthly instalment
principal
17 18 19
Jumlah faedah
3 000 – 1 732.41
atas baki = RM1 732.41 RM3 000
494 973.69 × 0.042 = RM1 267.59
Total interest on
12
balance
20
Baki pinjaman
pokok 494 973.69 – 1 267.59
Balance of principal = RM493 706.10
Bayaran pokok
Faedah atas baki Ansuran bulanan
Payment of
Interest on balance Monthly instalment
principal
21 22 23
Jumlah faedah
atas baki = RM1 727.97
Total interest on 493 706.10 × 0.042 3 000 – 1 727.97 RM3 000
12 = RM1 272.03
balance
24
Baki pinjaman 493 706.1 – 1 272.03
pokok = RM492 434.07
Balance of principal
32
Solve.
1 Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan pakej pinjaman peribadi yang ditawarkan oleh dua buah bank.
Jika anda ingin membuat pinjaman peribadi sebanyak RM150 000, bank yang manakah anda akan
pilih? Berikan alasan anda. (Kedua-dua buah bank mengenakan kadar faedah sama rata.)
The information below shows the package of personal loans offered by two banks. If you want to make a personal
loan of RM150 000, which bank will you choose? Give your reasons. (Both banks offer a flat interest rate.)
Bank A Bank B
Bank A
Jumlah pinjaman = 150 000 + (150 000) 7 (6)
100 ( )
= RM213 000
Jumlah faedah = 213 000 – 150 000 = RM63 000
Jumlah bulan = 6 × 12 = 72 bulan
Bank B
33
Bahagian B dan/atau C
Zon KBAT
1 (a) Padankan jenis simpanan yang betul berdasarkan situasi di bawah.
Match the correct type of savings based on the situations below. [2 markah/marks]
34
2 (a) Marzuqi membeli 1 500 unit saham X yang berharga RM0.80 seunit. Jika setahun kemudian
dia menjual semua saham tersebut dengan harga RM1.10 seunit, berapakah keuntungan yang
diperoleh Marzuqi?
Marzuqi bought 1 500 units of share X worth RM0.80 per unit. If one year later he sold all the shares at the price of
RM 1.10 per unit, how much is the profit obtained by Marzuqi? [3 markah/marks]
Modal awal = RM0.80 × 1 500 unit
= RM1 200
Jualan saham = RM1.10 × 1 500 unit
= RM1 650
Keuntungan = RM1 650 – RM1 200
= RM450
(b) Solihin ingin membeli sebuah kereta yang berharga RM75 000. Bajet maksimum Solihin bagi
ansuran bulanan ialah RM900. Jadual 1 menunjukkan satu pakej pinjaman yang ditawarkan oleh
sebuah bank.
Solihin wants to buy a car worth RM75 000. His maximum budget for monthly instalment is RM900. Table 1 shows
a loan package offered by a bank.
RM863.19 adalah kurang daripada RM900. Maka, pakej bank tersebut sesuai dengan bajet Solihin.
35
D 0.70 0.55 x
Hitung nilai x jika jumlah untung keseluruhan yang diperoleh Azhar ialah RM555. KBAT Menilai
Calculate the value of x if the overall total profit received by Azhar is RM555. [3 markah/marks]
D –0.15 x –0.15x
36
37