Laboratory Report 3-Pedigree Analysis

Genghis Khan Supnet

Introduction
In genetics, a pedigree is a diagram of a family tree showing the relationships between
individuals together with relevant facts about their medical histories. A pedigree analysis is the
interpretation of these data that allows a better understanding of the transmission of genes
within the family. Usually, at least one member of the family has a genetic disease, and by
examining the pedigree, clues to the mode of inheritance of the disorder and the potential risk to
other family members can be obtained.
Inheritance plays a crucial role into the characteristics of one’s internal and external
features, it is a concept that portrays the passing down of traits in between generations. This is
the process of how one half of chromosomes is from the mother and the other half is from the
father where a combination of their chromosomes forms alleles that generally affects their
progenies’ makeup. These relationships and passing down from generations are orderly seen in
a Pedigree.
In this activity, a pedigree diagram of a family with a red-green colorblindness genetic
disorder, which is an X-linked recessive disorder, is plotted and analyzed on how it is passed on
from each generation, how each individuals are represented in the diagram and their possible
genotypes are determined.

Methodology
Determine whether the trait is dominant or recessive. If the trait is dominant, one of the
parents must have the trait. Dominant traits will not skip a generation. If the trait is recessive,
neither parent is required to have the trait since they can be heterozygous. If the chart shows an
autosomal or sex-linked (usually X-linked) trait. For example, in X-linked recessive traits, males
are much more commonly affected than females. In autosomal traits, both males and females
are equally likely to be affected (usually in equal proportions).

Results (Data)
Micaela and her father Rolando are color blind, but her mother, Maura, has normal vision. What
is Micaela's genotype? Possible genotypes (XrXr, XRXr, XRXR, XRY, XrY)
What is the genotype of Micaela’s father (Rolando)?
What is the genotype of Micaela’s mother (Maura)? Remember Micaela's mother (Maura) does
not have a color perception defect.
What is the genotype of Micaela's sister Maurel, who has normal vision?
What is the genotype of Micaela's sister Maurel, who has normal vision?
Micaela’s sister Jane and brother Rofrando are also color blind, but her brother Miguel has
normal vision?
How will Jane be represented on the family pedigree?
How will Rofrando be represented on the family pedigree?
Migro
and
Michael have not been tested. What is the possibility that they will have the color perception
defect?
We do not know if any of Micaela's grandparents were red-green color blind, is it possible that
both of Micaela's grandparents have normal vision?
What is the probability that Micaela's sons will be color blind?
What is the probability that Micaela's daughters will be color blind?

if the father has normal vision

if the father is red-green color blind
Analysis and Conclusion
A pedigree is defined by a series of individuals connected by the bonds of parentage
and possessing various characteristics, either attributes or variates, at one or several times. The
unit from which any pedigree may be assembled involves an identity, a pair of parental
identities, and a set of one or more characters.
Color blindness is a common hereditary (inherited) condition which means it is usually
passed down from your parents. The ‘gene’ which causes (inherited, red and green types of)
colour blindness is found only on the X chromosome. So, for a male to be colour blind the colour
blindness ‘gene’ only has to appear on his X chromosome.

Reference
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-0958-1_1
https://science.jrank.org/pages/5076/Pedigree-Analysis.html
https://www.colourblindawareness.org/colour-blindness/inherited-colour-vision-deficiency/