◼ This is a Riccati’s equation.

dy
In[6]:= ⩵ -4 / x^2 - y / x + y^2
dx
dy 4 y 2
Out[6]= ⩵ - - +y
dx 2 x
x

◼ We are also given that

In[1]:= y1 → 2 / x
2
Out[1]= y1 →
x

In[2]:= y → y1 + u
Out[2]= y → u + y1
2
◼ Here I have put x
instead of y 1 and took derivative, as can be seen below.

2
In[3]:= y⩵ + u
x
2
Out[3]= y ⩵ u+
x

In[22]:= dy / dx ⩵ du / dx - 2 / x ^ 2
dy du 2
Out[22]= ⩵ -
dx dx x2
dy
◼ Then I have substituted the values of dx
and y in the Riccati’s equation.

2
du 2 -4 u +  2 2
x
In[4]:= FullSimplify  - ⩵ - + u+ 
dx x2 x2 x x
du 3
Out[4]= ⩵ u u+
dx x

du 3
◼ This can be rewritten as dx
- x * u = u 2 , which is Bernoulli’s Equation. Then I have found mu and u.

In[6]:= mu ⩵ Exp [Integrate [(1 - 2) * (- 3 / x), x]]

Out[6]= mu ⩵ x3

-1
In[7]:= u ⩵ Integrate (1 - 2) * 1 * x3 , x + c   x3 

x3
Out[7]= u⩵
x4
c-
4

◼ Then I have used the substitution in the beginning to get the value of y.
2

x3 2
In[9]:= y ⩵ +
x4 x
c-
4

2 x3
Out[9]= y⩵ +
x x4
c-
4

◼ The graph of the function is below

2 x3
In[10]:= Plot Evaluate Table  + , {c, 0 , 8}, {x, - 2 Pi, 2 Pi }
x x4
c-
4

Out[10]=
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6

-5