Chapter 6 - Equations

ID: B180302069

6.1

In[ ]:= Solve[2 a + b ⩵ 5 && 7 a + b ⩵ 9]

4 17
Out[ ]= a → ,b→ 
5 5

6.2

In[ ]:= Solve[{17 + a + 4 b + c ⩵ 0, 53 + 2 a + 7 b + c ⩵ 0, 137 + 4 a + 11 b + c ⩵ 0}]

Out[ ]= {{a → - 54, b → 6, c → 13}}

6.3

In[1]:= equation = x ^ 4 - 16 x ^ 3 + 61 x ^ 2 - 22 x - 12 == 0;
Solve[equation]
Out[2]= x → 3 - 5 , x → 3 + 5 , x → 5 - 2 7 , x → 5 + 2 7 

In[3]:= NSolve[equation]
Out[3]= {{x → - 0.291503}, {x → 0.763932}, {x → 5.23607}, {x → 10.2915}}

6.4

In[ ]:= equations = {w + x + y + z == 3, 2 w + 3 x + 4 y + 5 z ⩵ 10, w - x + y - z ⩵ 4}

solution = Solve[equations, {w, x, y}]
Out[ ]= {w + x + y + z ⩵ 3, 2 w + 3 x + 4 y + 5 z ⩵ 10, w - x + y - z ⩵ 4}

1 1 1
Out[ ]= w → (5 + 4 z), x → - - z, y → 9 - 4 z
4 2 4

In[ ]:= solution /. z → 1

9 3 5
Out[ ]= w → , x → - , y → 
4 2 4

In[ ]:= solution /. z → 2

13 5 1
Out[ ]= w → , x → - , y → 
4 2 4

In[ ]:= solution /. z → 3

17 7 3
Out[ ]= w → , x → - , y → - 
4 2 4

6.5
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In[ ]:= NSolvex + x2 + x3 ⩵ 30, x, 20

Out[ ]= {{x → - 1.8557621138713175532 - 2.7604410593413850003 ⅈ},
{x → - 1.8557621138713175532 + 2.7604410593413850003 ⅈ}, {x → 2.7115242277426351064}}

6.6

In[ ]:= Solve2 Sin[x]2 + 1 ⩵ 3 Sin[x], Sin[x]

1
Out[ ]= Sin[x] → , {Sin[x] → 1}
2

In[9]:= Solve[2 Sin[x] ^ 2 + 1 == 3 Sin[x], x]

π
Out[9]= x → ConditionalExpression + 2 π C[1], C[1] ∈ ℤ,
6
π
x → ConditionalExpression + 2 π C[1], C[1] ∈ ℤ,
2
5π
x → ConditionalExpression + 2 π C[1], C[1] ∈ ℤ
6

In[5]:= Reduce[2 Sin[x] ^ 2 + 1 == 3 Sin[x], x]

π 5π π
Out[5]= C[1] ∈ ℤ && x ⩵ + 2 π C[1] || x ⩵ + 2 π C[1] || x ⩵ + 2 π C[1]
6 6 2

6.7

In[6]:= Solve[Exp[2 x] + Exp[x] == 3, x]

1
Out[6]= x → ConditionalExpression2 ⅈ π C[1] + Log - 1 + 13 , C[1] ∈ ℤ,
2
1
x → ConditionalExpressionⅈ π + 2 ⅈ π C[1] + Log 1 + 13 , C[1] ∈ ℤ
2

In[7]:= Reduce[Exp[2 x] + Exp[x] == 3, x]

Out[7]= C[1] ∈ ℤ &&
x ⩵ ⅈ π + 2 ⅈ π C[1] - Log[2] + Log1 + 13  || x ⩵ 2 ⅈ π C[1] - Log[2] + Log- 1 + 13 

6.8
 4E1404B1-648B-41B6-B90A-292AF89A88E0.nb 3

In[ ]:= f[x_] = x3 - 7 x2 + 2 x + 20;

g[x_] = x2 ;
Plot[{f[x], g[x]}, {x, - 10, 10}]

300

200

100

Out[ ]=

-10 -5 5 10

-100

-200

-300

In[ ]:= xvalues = Solve[f[x] ⩵ g[x], x];

{x, f[x]} /. xvalues // Simplify
Out[ ]= {2, 4}, 3 - 19 , 28 - 6 19 , 3 + 19 , 28 + 6 19 

In[ ]:= % // N
Out[ ]= {{2., 4.}, {- 1.3589, 1.84661}, {7.3589, 54.1534}}

6.9

In[ ]:= solution = Solve20 x7 + 32 x6 - 221 x5 - 118 x4 + 725 x3 - 18 x2 - 726 x + 252 ⩵ 0

7 2 3
Out[ ]= x → - , x → , x → , x → - 2 , x → 2 , x → - 3 , x → 3 
2 5 2

In[ ]:= Sum[solution[[k, 1, 2]], {k, 1, 7}]

8
Out[ ]= -
5

In[ ]:= Product[solution[[k, 1, 2]], {k, 1, 7}]

63
Out[ ]= -
5

6.10

In[ ]:= Solve[a x + b ⩵ c x + d, x]

-b + d
Out[ ]= x → 
a-c

In[ ]:= Reduce[a x + b ⩵ c x + d, x]

-b + d
Out[ ]= b ⩵ d && a ⩵ c || a - c ≠ 0 && x ⩵
a-c

6.11
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In[ ]:= f[x_] = 5 Cos[x] - 4 + x3

Plot[f[x], {x, - 3, 3}]
Out[ ]= - 4 + x3 + 5 Cos[x]
20

10

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

Out[ ]=
-10

-20

-30

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, - .5}]

Out[ ]= {x → - 0.576574}

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 0.8}]

Out[ ]= {x → 0.797323}

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 1, 6}]

Out[ ]= {x → 1.61805}

6.12

In[ ]:= FindRoot[Sin[x] ⩵ 2, {x, I}]

Out[ ]= {x → 1.5708 + 1.31696 ⅈ}

6.13
 4E1404B1-648B-41B6-B90A-292AF89A88E0.nb 5

In[ ]:= f[x_] = x + Abs[Sin[x - 1]] - 5

Plot[f[x], {x, - 10, 10}]
Out[ ]= - 5 + x + Abs[Sin[1 - x]]

-10 -5 5 10

Out[ ]=
-5

-10

-15

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 5}]

Out[ ]= {x → 4.57764}

In[ ]:= FindRoot[f[x], {x, 4, 5}, WorkingPrecision → 30]

Out[ ]= {x → 4.57764001198757729525937358947}

6.14
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In[ ]:= g1 = Graphics[Circle[{0, 0}, 5]]

g2 = Plotx2 + x - 10, {x, - 5, 5}, DisplayFunction → Identity;
Show[g1, g2, AspectRatio → Automatic, PlotRange → {- 10, 10},
Axes → True, DisplayFunction → $DisplayFunction]

Out[ ]=

10

Out[ ]=
-4 -2 2 4

-5

-10
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6.15

In[ ]:=

limacon = PolarPlot[5 - 4 Cos[t], {t, 0, 2 π}];

parabola = Plotx2 , {x, - 3, 3};
Show[limacon, parabola, PlotRange → All]

2
Out[ ]=

-8 -6 -4 -2 2

-2

-4

-6

In[ ]:= FindRooty ⩵ x2 , x2 + y2 ⩵ 5 x2 + y2 - 4 x, {x, 2}, {y, 2}

In[ ]:= {x → 1.5371079567107266`, y → 2.362700870583425`}

FindRooty ⩵ x2 , x2 + y2 ⩵ 5 x2 + y2 - 4 x, {x, - 3}, {y, 6}
Out[ ]= x → - 2.4552 x → 1.53711, y → 2.3627 y → 6.02802

6.16
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In[ ]:= spiral = PolarPlot[θ, {θ, 0, 6 π}];

ellipse =
ContourPlot4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, - 10, 10}, {y, - 20, 20}, ContourStyle → Dashing[.02];
Show[spiral, ellipse]

10

-15 -10 -5 5 10 15
Out[ ]=

-5

-10

-15

In[ ]:= FindRootTan x2 + y2  ⩵ y / x, 4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, 4}, {y, 4}

Out[ ]= {x → 9.38786, y → 2.29668}

In[ ]:= FindRootTan x2 + y2  ⩵ y / x, 4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, - 8}, {y, 6}

Out[ ]= {x → - 8.04703, y → 3.95785}

In[ ]:= FindRootTan x2 + y2  ⩵ y / x, 4 x2 + 9 y2 ⩵ 400, {x, - 9}, {y, 2}

Out[ ]= {x → - 8.04703, y → 3.95785}

6.17

In[ ]:= FindRootx + y + z ⩵ 6, Sin[x] + Cos[y] + Tan[z] ⩵ 1,

1
Exp[x] + y + ⩵ 5, {x, 1}, {y, 2}, {z, 3}
z
Out[ ]= {x → 1.23382, y → 1.5696, z → 3.19658}