Jakarta Flood Early Warning System

E-seminar Masyarakat Hidrologi Indonesia

28 July 2020
Overview

• J-FEWS: A short history

• Delft-FEWS as forecasting platform
• Data and model integration
• Visualisation

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J-FEWS: a short history
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Jakarta has known floods for a long time

▪ Th 1621 , 1654 ,1876 terjadi banjir besar

di Batavia/ jakarta
▪ Th 1918 Pem. Belanda membangun
Bendungan Hilir, Jago dan Udik
▪ Th 1922 Pem. Kolonial membangun Banjir
Kanal Barat dari Pintu Air Manggarai
sampai Muara Angke
▪ 9 Januari 1932 banjir menghanyutkan
sejumlah rumah di kawasan Jl. Sabang dan
Thamrin

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 Flood origins

High discharge in rivers

High tide / storm surge

Local rain storms

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Flood in Jakarta : Floods of january/february 2007

Floods
caused by
high river
discharges

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Flood in Jakarta: November 26, 2007

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December 2008: overtopping of sea embankments

Floods
caused by
high sea
water levels

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January 2020: high intensity rainfall

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Factors that increase the flood
Subsidence
-4,1 meter
-2,1 meter
-1,4 meter
-0,7 meter

-0.25 meter

Slums and waste

Limited maintenance
Low safety level

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After the 2007 floods

2007 – 2009 The projects resulted in a

FHM: Flood Hazard Mapping high resolution integrated
Jakarta Urban Flood Mitigation project
hydrologic/hydrodynamic
2010 - 2014
model of Jakarta’s water
JCDS: Jakarta Coastal Defense Strategy system

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Risk reduction measures

UN ISDR Guidelines for the reduction of flood losses

“The operation of a flood warning and response system is the
most effective method for reducing the risk of loss of life and
economic losses”

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Lead time Ciliwung River

A flood wave takes 14

hours to travel over
Ciliwung River.
So the lead time for
detected floods is
Approximately 14 hours

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Lead time coastal

High tide can

be calculated
years in
advance.

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Lead time rainfall

Extreme rainfall
can only be
detected hours in
advance

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Increasing lead time

❑Can flood levels be predicted with more lead time?

❑Can predictions be more accurate?
❑What is the risk of flooding under the prevailing and predicted hydraulic
conditions?

Detection Warning Response

Forecasting

Simulation

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 Development of J-FEWS

2011-2013 Start development of 2012: Flood Management 2017-2019 JCP Phase 3:

J-FEWS in JCP Phase 1 Information System (FMIS): big renovation and reorganisation
contribution to development of J-FEWS
and stakeholder involvement

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 Delft-FEWS as
forecasting platform
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Delft-FEWS – Data and model integration system

Data centric forecasting system

Organising data process from input to forecast to dissimination

Open approach to integrating models

Operating system independent, very scalable

Fully configurable by (super)users

Software free of charge, with central role

for user community,

www.delft-FEWS.com

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Delft-FEWS

Connecting hydrological data and models for

operational water management since 1992
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Delft-FEWS (concept)

Data collection data (feeds)

import
• import
Data
• validation
transformation
• transformation / interpolation
• data hierarchy
• general adapter PI models
Running models • export / report
• administration (data, forecasts)
• viewing (data, forecasts)
• archiving
Analysis export

export &
Action dissimilation

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Displays

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Data and model integration
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Integration of data and simulation models

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 Integration of hydrodynamic model

The SOBEK model of

Jakarta consists of
• Sacramento Rainfall
runoff module
• SOBEK 1D2D
integrated flow and
overland flow
simulation model

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Integration of hydrodynamic model

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Telemetry stations

Rain gauges River gauges

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Precipitation radar

2 Joint Cooperation Program

NWP forecast

2 Joint Cooperation Program

storm surge forecast (now in InaCIFS)

Initially part of J-FEWS to

provide better downstream
boundaries, thanks to CIFDP the
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accuracy has strongly improved
3
Visualization
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Graphs for forecast locations

For all forecast

locations clear
graphs are
displayed

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Extensive timeseries analysis

Forecasters
can easily
access and
combine all
timeseries in
the database

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 Inundation simulation and forecasting

Direct model output Postprocessing to improve usability

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Post-event analysis

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J-FEWS bulletin

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Challenges

• Forecast accuracy strongly dependent on

• weather forecast: ensembles?
• Current condition: rain gauges
• Model correctness: highly dynamic water system
• Hydrologists and meteorologists need to cooperate
• Establishing and monitoring data feeds: weak links
• Monitoring and securing IT environment
• Technologically advanced system: requires skilled staff for maintenance and
improvement

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J-FEWS in BMKG Control Room

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