Research – Server Technologies and Management Services

Do research and answer the following questions:

Provide the relationship between an IP Address and a domain name. Give example.

 A domain name (also known as a URL) is a short term that connects to a real IP

address on the Internet. It's the name that comes after the www. symbol in web
addresses. Example of domain name is google.com
 An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a set of numbers that indicates a device's
location on the Web server. Example of IP address is 192.168.1.1
 The relationship of IP address and Domain name is that the world interprets both as
two different things, although they are basically the same thing. Both are connected
and mutually beneficial which the IP address requires the Domain name in order to
function effectively, and the Domain name requires the IP address in order to access
the internet.

Describe DNS and its importance.

 DNS refers to a global network of computers that carry a database design of domain
names and IP addresses. DNS connects domain names to IP addresses and is often
referred to as the Internet's address.
 It’s important in which DNS converts domain names to IP addresses, allowing
browser to access sites on the Internet. Each Web device has a unique IP address
those other computers used to detect it. DNS servers avoid the need for humans to
memorize IP addresses like 192.168.

Identify the steps for domain registration.

There are 5 steps to register the domain.

 Step 1: Choose a domain name.
 Step 2: Make sure the chosen domain is available.
 Step 3: Choose a domain registrar.
 Step 4: Purchase your chosen domain.
 Step 5: Add domain ID protection.
Describe the following communication protocols:

 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is based on the World Wide Web. It's used to
transmit sites and other data from an HTTP server or web server to a web client or
an HTTP client. When using a web client whenever you use a web page like Google
Chrome or Firefox. It assists HTTP in the transmission of web pages received from
remote servers.
 FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It's a widely used standard protocol for
sending files from one computer to another.
 POP3 (Post Office Protocol) is a widely used TCP protocol for retrieving emails from
a mail server.  Clients typically retrieve all messages and then delete them from the
server, however POP3 allows for the server to keep a copy. POP3 is now
implemented by nearly all email servers and clients.
 SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. This protocol is known as a basic
mail transmission protocol since it allows e-mail. This protocol allows users to
transfer data to a different e-mail address.
 SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol. It is a method for
implementing devices connected to the internet using the TCP/IP protocol.

Explain the purpose of TCP/IP.

 The purpose of TCP/IP is describing how the data is transmitted over the internet by
creating end-to-end communications that describe how packets should be broken
down, labelled, transmitted, managed, and acquired at their location.

Describe each layer of the TCP/IP stack.

There are four layers of TCP/IP model:

1. Application Layer.

The OSI model's top level interacts with an application program. The OSI layer closest to the
end-user is the application layer. It means that users can communicate with other software
applications through the OSI application layer. To develop a communication component, the
application layer interacts with software applications. A file transfer, email, remote login, or
other program is an example of the application layer.
 2. Transport Layer

It uses a network layer to transmit data from a program running on a server computer to a
process running on a destination device. It can be stored on a single or several networks,
and it also maintains quality of service functions. It determines how often data and at what
rate should be transmitted when and where.

Through control system, error detection, and fragmentation or de-segmentation, the

transport layer assists in the legislation of a link's stability. Inside the situation that no errors
occur, the transport layer validates the successful data transmission and sends the next
data. TCP is the most well-known transport layer example.

3. Internet Layer

A network layer is another name for it. This layer's primary purpose is to transmit data from
any network or computer to their destination, regardless of the direction they take.

With the support of various networks, the Internet layer provides a functional and procedural
method for transmitting variable length data sequences from one node to another.

4. Network Interface

A network access layer is another term for this layer. It assists you in specifying the specifics
as to how data should be transmitted across the network.

It also specifies how bits should be visually transmitted by hardware devices that interface
directly with a network media such as coaxial, optical, coaxial, fibre, or twisted-pair cables.

Explain SSL.

 SSL is a standardized security protocol for generating an encrypted link between a

server and a client—typically, a web server and a browser, or a mail server and a
mail client (e.g., Outlook).
 It allows the secure transmission of sensitive data such as credit card details, social
security numbers, and login credentials. SSL is a security protocol in general.