SIMPLE PRESENT

PENGGUNAAN (USAGE):
1. Kegiatan sehari-hari (daily activities)
2. Kebiasaan (habits)
3. Fakta umum (general facts)

FORMULA:

Kalimat tanpa kata kerja (menggunakan kata sifat atau keterangan)

BE : kata kerja bantu (is/am/are)

Positive: Subject + is/am/are + adjective/adverb

Negative: Subject + is not (isn’t) /am not/are not (aren’t) + adjective/adverb

Yes/No Questions: Is/Am/Are + subject + adjective/adverb?

WH Questions: WH + is/am/are + subject + adjective/adverb?

* Is: He/She/It
Am: I
Are: You/They/We
Adjective: kata sifat
Adverb: keterangan
WH: what/where/when/why/who/how/which…etc

Examples of Positive Sentences:

1a. I am (I’m) late.

b. He is (He’s) late.
c. They are (They’re) late.

(we are : we’re) (you are : you’re) (it is : it’s) (she is : she’s)

Examples of Negative Sentences:

1a. I am not (I’m not) late.

b. He is not (He isn’t) late.
c. They are not (They aren’t) late.
(we are : we aren’t) (you are : you aren’t) (it is not : it isn’t) (she is not : she isn’t)

Examples of Yes/No Questions:

1a. Am I late?
b. Is he late?
c. Are they late? Are you tired? Are you sleepy?

Examples of WH Questions:

1a. Why am I late?

b. Why is he late?
c. Why are they late? Where are you from? What is it? What time is it?

Kalimat dengan kata kerja

Positive: Subject + Verb (1) for I/You/They/We

Subject + Verb (1)+s/es/ies for He/She/It

Negative: Subject + do not (don’t)/does not (doesn’t) + Verb (1) (tdk ada
penambahan s/es/ies)

Yes/No Questions: Do-don’t/Does-doesn’t + Subject + Verb (1)? (tdk ada

penambahan s/es/ies)

WH Questions: WH + do-don’t/does-doesn’t + Subject + Verb (1)? (tdk ada

penambahan s/es/ies)

* Do/don’t: I/You/They/We
Does/doesn’t: He/She/It

Verb + es apabila kata kerja memiliki huruf terakhir :

O : go – goes She goes to the market every day. I go to the market every day.
X : fix – fixes The worker fixes the engine every day. They fix the machine every day.
CH: watch – watches
SH: wash – washes
SS: mess – messes The little kid always messes the things around her.
Verb + ies apabila kata kerja memiliki huruf terakhir :
Y yang didahului huruf mati (konsonan), dimana huruf Y akan diganti menjadi ies
study – studies My brother always studies every evening.
cry – cries
fly – flies
buy - buys

Diluar kedua hal di atas maka : Verb + s.

wait – waits drink – drinks take - takes
My mother waits for me at school every day.

Examples of Positive Sentences

1a. The food stalls open every day.

b. The food stall opens every day.

2a. We always have* breakfast at 8 AM.

b. My sister always has* breakfast at 8 AM. (haves)

3a. The planets rotate around the Sun.

b. The Earth rotates around the Sun.

Examples of Negative Sentences

1a. The food stalls do not (don’t) open every day.

b. The food stall does not (doesn’t) open every day.

2a. We do not (don’t) always have breakfast at 8 AM.

b. My sister does not (doesn’t) always have breakfast at 8 AM.

3a. Bats do not (don’t) find food during the day.

b. The Sun does not (doesn’t) rotate around the planets.

Examples of Yes/No Questions

1a. Do the food stalls open every day?

b. Does the food stall open every day?

2a. Do we always have breakfast at 8 AM?

b. Does my sister always have breakfast at 8 AM?

3a. Do the planets rotate around the Sun?

 b. Does the Earth rotate around the Sun?

Examples of WH Questions

1a. What time do the food stalls open every day?

b. What time does the food stall open every day?

2a. What time do we always have breakfast? (What time we always have breakfast?)
b. What time does my sister always have breakfast?

3a. How do mammals evolve?

b. How does global warming affect our environment?

A: Hello, how do you do? I’m Irawati Pribadi. Nice to meet you. (It’s nice to meet you)
B: How do you do? My name is Donald Trump. Nice to meet you too/ It’s a pleasure to
meet you too.
A: Where are you from? (Where do you come from?)
B: I’m from US (I come from US). Where are you from? (Where do you come from?)
A: I’m from Indonesia. (I come from Indonesia)
A: Sorry, I need to go now. Nice meeting you Mr. Trump.
B: Nice meeting you too Mrs. Pribadi.