NAME: LESTER P.

VILLARMINO DATE: _________________________

YEAR AND SEC.: BSP1-BSP1A2

POST TASK ON MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS

I. Venn diagram

MEIOSIS
MITOSIS

II. Phases of Mitosis and Meiosis

PHASES MITOSIS MEIOSIS

PROPHASE •Longest phase of mitosis
•Chromatin condenses into
chromosomes where 2 stranded nature
(chromatids becomes apparent, w/
centromere
•Nuclear envelope dissociates
•Nucleolus disintegrates
•Chromosomes condense and become
visible
•Spindle fibers emerge from the
centrosomes
•Nuclear envelope breaks down
•Nucleolus disappears
P1
 is the first stage of meiosis and is
defined by five different phases;
Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene,
Diplotene and Diakinesis (in that order).
 the chromosomes condense nuclear
membrane dissolves
 homologous chromosomes form
bivalents
 crossing- over occurs
 To further increase genetic diversity,
homologous chromosomes exchange
small parts of themselves
 There are initially four chromatids (c)
and two chromosomes (n) for each of
the 23 chromosome pairs (4c, 2n).
P2
 During prophase II of meiosis II, four
important steps occur.
 condensing of chromatin into

METAPHASE •The chromosomes become aligned so
that their centromeres are in plane in
the center of the cell.
•Chromosomes continue to condense
•Kinetochores appear at the
centromeres
•Mitotic spindle microtubules attach to
kinetochores
•Centrosomes move toward opposite
poles
ANAPHASE •The sister chromatids of each
chromosome separate and moving to
opposite poles, called daughter
chromosomes, due to the shortening of
the spindle fibers.
•Mitotic spindle is fully developed,
centrosomes are at opposite poles of
the cell
chromosomes
 nuclear membrane dissolves
 centrosomes move to opposite poles
(perpendicular to before)
 A new spindle forms around the
chromosomes.
 These stage are identical to its
counterparts in meiosis I.
M1
 Spindle fibers from opposing
centrosomes connect to bivalents (at
centromeres) and align them along the
middle of the cell
 pairs of homologous chromosomes
move to the equator of the cell
 A process called independent
assortment occurs
 This is turn determines to which
gamete chromosomes are allocated to,
which leads to genetic diversity among
offspring.
 During the metaphase, the
chromosomes condense and become
distinguishable
M2
 The second stage in meiosis II
after prophase II
 The paired chromosomes line up,
under tension from the mitotic
spindle.
 This is in contrast to metaphase I,
where chromosomes line up in
homologous pairs.
 condensation of the
chromosomes
 The two sister chromatids of each
chromosome are captured by
microtubules from opposite
spindle poles.
A1
 is the third stage of meiosis I and
follows prophase I and metaphase I.
 characterized by the movement of
chromosomes to both poles of a
meiotic cell via a microtubule network
known as the spindle apparatus.
 Spindle fibers contract and split the
 •Chromosomes are lined up at the
metaphase plate
•Each sister chromatid is attached to a
spindle fiber originating from opposite
poles.
• the chromosomes have separated and
are moving toward the poles.
TELOPHASE •Daughter chromosomes surrounded
by reformed nuclear envelope. Then
become thinner and longer.
•Nucleoli reappear
•Spindle fiber disintegrate and become
microtubules (short fibers,
phragmoplast)
•Cell plate forms
•Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles
and begin to decondense
•Nuclear envelope material surrounds
each set of chromosomes.
•The mitotic spindle breaks down
bivalent
 homologous chromosomes move to
opposite poles of the cell
 This equally divides the DNA between
the two cells which will be formed.
A2
 is the third stage in meiosis II.
 the sister chromatids separate and are
pulled towards opposite poles of the
cell.
 spindle fibers are attached to the
kinetochores
 ensures that each daughter cell
receives an identical set of
chromosomes
 In this stage, the separation and the
movement is due to the shortening of
the kinetochore microtubules.
T1
 the chromosomes have finished
moving to opposite ends of the cell.
 Chromosomes decondense
 nuclear membrane may reform
 cell divides (cytokinesis) to form two
haploid daughter cells
 the nuclear envelope reforms
 spindle fibers disappear
 will then be followed by cytokinesis
producing two daughter cells.
T2
 The stage in meiosis II after
anaphase II
 complete movement and
separation of the chromosomes
to the opposite ends of the cell
 At this stage, the sister
chromatids are sometimes
referred to as sister
chromosomes.
 Chromosomes decondense
 nuclear membrane reforms
 cells divide (cytokinesis) to form
four haploid daughter cells