1. The mayor ___ the election by a landslide.

a. Won
b. Dump
c. Ate
d. Fortunately
e. Yesterday
2. The city of Batu is surrounded on ___ mountains.
a. Its sides
b. The sides are
c. It is the side of
d. All sides by
e. Sides with
3. Some experts now suggest that home equity loans are merely a new trap to push
consumers beyond ___
a. They can afford
b. They can afford it
c. What is affordable
d. Able to afford
e. housing Affordable
4. Static electricity ___ one cloud to another or between clouds and the ground creates
lightning.
a. Flows from
b. The flow from
c. Flowing from
d. Is flowing from
e. A flow from
5. The Alphard, introduced in 2002, ___ $2000.
a. The price was
b. A price of
c. To be priced at
d. Was priced at
e. Were priced in
6. In 1858, the site ___ was to become the city of Denver was settled as a way station for
outfitting gold prospectors.
a. It
b. Of it
c. What
d. Of what
e. Of
7. ___ to occur in the earth’s crust, push-pull and shake waves would be generated
simultaneously.
a. Were a break
b. If a break
c. A break was
 d. If broken
e. Was breaks
8. ___, a firefighter from Scotland, has founded the world’s first municipal fire service
in Edinburgh in 1824.
a. James Braidwood is
b. For James Braidwood
c. James Braidwood
d. In James Braidwood’s life
e. In James Braidwood
9. Astronauts ___ for work on the new space program.
a. Necessary
b. Are needed
c. Hopefully
d. Next month
e. Need
10. ___ Baby’s Breath are small and white.
a. The
b. On the
c. Having flowers the
d. The flowers of the
e. Flowers to
11. The major cause ___ the pull of the Moon on the Earth.
a. The ocean tides are
b. Of ocean tides is
c. Of the tides in the ocean
d. The oceans’ tides
e. Of tides in the oceans
12. ___ A power failure occurred, the lamps went out.
a. Then
b. When
c. Later
d. Next
e. But
13. If ultraviolet radiation enters the Earth’s atmosphere, ___ generally blocked by the
ozone concentrated in the atmosphere.
a. It
b. It is
c. So it is
d. Then it
e. For it
14. A: That article on economic mobility in America was really interesting, wasn’t it?
B: it sure was. Some of the facts were surprising, ___?
Isn’t it? wasn’t it? aren’t they? Weren’t they? Doesn’t it?
15. Orchids come in a wide variety of ___, shapes, and scents.
 Colors colorful colorfully colored coloring
16. Sounds can travel through water, wood, glass, and ___ materials.
Others the others otherly other than other
17. The caliber of a gun is the diameter of ___ bore, usually expressed in hundredths of
an inch.
Their its his her our
18. Someone who is ___ speaks two languages.
Smart bilingual multilingual ambivalent maternal
19. Someone who is ___ has power and control over everything.
Megalomaniac omnipotent antiqueted indomitable impotent
20. Someone who is ___ is always falling in love.
Ambivalent indomitable subtle unselfish amorous
21. Someone who works preparing dead people for burial is a(n) ___
Autobiographer corpse misanthrope mortician triathlete
22. Someone who lives outside of his or her own country is a(n) ___
Expartriate manicurist misanthrope triathlete benefactor
23. It is certain that many advances in technology will be ___ in the twenty-first century.
made make making sang build
24. Currently, many new foods are ___ by scientists.
Create creating created creates creation
25. Biofuels are fuels ___ are derived from oils in plants.
Who whose when where which
26. Farmers ___ fields were once planted with food crops can now grow energy on their
land.
Whose who whom where when
27. The most commonly used example of this is ethanol, a biofuel ___ is usually made
from corn and added to gasoline.
Who which that’s where whom
28. In fact, some scientists have produced ethanol from inedible grass ___ grows in the
wild.
Where when that who whose
29. Other scientists have produced genetically modified tobacco plants ___ produce a lot
of oil.
That they when where who
30. The scientists ___ made these inventions hope that biofuels will become an important
part of our renewable energy future.
Which that’s whom where who
31. The advantage ___ will be obtained after this seminar is we can develop our soft
skills.
Who whom that whose when
32. If incoming students want to learn what this college is like, ___?
a. Where they should look?
b. Where are they looking?
 c. Where should they look?
d. Where they are looking?
e. Where they will look?
33. If I want to meet people with similar interests, ___?
a. What I can do?
b. What I will do?
c. What am I do?
d. What can I do?
e. What were I supposed to do?
34. If people want to add advice, ___?
a. How they can do so?
b. How can they do so?
c. How they should do so?
d. How do you do?
e. How were they do so?
35. Julia acted as she ___ an international actress.
Is were was are am
36. Angie is looking for her purse, ___ she can’t find it.
That for which unless but
37. Mr. Andi as well as Mr. Bayu ___ very compassionate lecturer.
Is are were be am
38. Heat energy may be absorbed or released when ___ while work is done on or by the
system.
a. Changes in the internal energy of a system
b. By changing the internal energy of a system
c. The internal energy of a system that changes
d. The internal energy of a system changes
e. The change in the internal energy of a system
39. Dr. Joko ___ as a keynote speaker.
A. is much in demand
B. is many in demands
C. is much in demands
D. is many in demand
e. was in many demand
40. All the volunteers in conflict area ___ winter equipment.
A. have been provided to
B. have been providing with
C. have been provided with
D. have been providing of
e. have been providing in

Part 1
Scientists say there as many stars in the sky as there are grains of sand on a beach because
there are numerous galaxies in the universe. A galaxy is a group of stars, planets, and other
objects in space. Each star spins around a center of high gravity in the same way planets may
spin around the Sun in a solar system. Galaxies are huge. They can contain trillions of stars,
that is a number with twelve zeroes (1,000,000,000,000).
Before the 1900s, scientists and astronomers, people who study space, used to believe that
all the stars of the universe were part of one giant group. In 1917, however, Thomas Wright
suggested there were many different groups of stars and later on other astronomers proved his
theory. The idea of different galaxies was born.
Even though galaxies are huge and expansive, there is also a lot of empty space between
the different galaxies. Believe it or not, scientists estimate that there are over 100 billion
galaxies (100,000,000,000) in the universe, and if most of them contain a trillion stars, it is
easy to see now why there may be more stars than grains of sand on a beach. They believe
there may be clusters of galaxies separated by space as well.
Galaxies are classified based on their shapes. There are four main shapes of galaxies in the
universe. A spiral galaxy appears to have long arms that spiral around the its center. The
older stars are towards the center, and the newer developing stars are part of the 'arms' of the
galaxy. This is where the Earth's solar system is located it its galaxy.
The second type of galaxy is called barred spiral. It is similar to the spiral but there is a
long bar shape in the middle with spirals coming off the ends. The third type is
the elliptical which is a large mass of stars all clumped together in the shape of an elliptical
disk. It could be compared somewhat to an oval shape squeezed together on the ends.
The final type is an irregular galaxy. These types do not fit into a particular pattern or
shape and are usually formed when two other types of galaxies collide with one another. The
collision causes the galaxies to lose their elliptical or bar shape and instead, they become
irregular. All of this movement and colliding, of course, takes place over millions or billions
of years.
41. What is the main idea for paragraph one?
a. Scientists believe that a galaxy is a group of stars, planets, and other objects in
space
b. The number of stars in the sky is as many as grains of sand on a beach
c. Galaxies are huge because they can contain trillions of stars
d. Sun is the center of the solar system
e. Star does spin around the center of the galaxy
42. What was Thomas Wright done in 1917?
a. He believed that all the stars of the universe were part of one giant group
b. He introduced the theory of classifying galaxy based on the shapes
c. He suggested that there were many different groups of stars
d. He believed that collision causes the galaxies to lose their elliptical or bar shape
e. He said that there were many blank spaces among galaxies
43. What is the inverse of “clumped” in the paragraph 5?
Circled separated wooden big produced
 44. What is the characteristic of elliptical galaxy?
a. A long bar shape in the middle with spirals coming off the ends.
b. It looks like a donut with a main star in the middle.
c. Made from a collision that causes the galaxy to lose its elliptical or bar shape.
d. It appears to have long arms that spiral around the its center where the older stars
are towards the center, and the newer developing stars are part of the 'arms' of the
galaxy.
e. A large mass of stars all clumped together in the shape of an elliptical disk.
45. What is the inverse of “collide” in the last paragraph?
a. Avoid
b. Bump
c. Meet
d. Run
e. Clash
Part 2
Astronomers know the most about the Milky Way Galaxy since it is the galaxy containing
the Earth and its Solar System along with the seven other planets, and of course Pluto. The
Milky Way is part of a cluster group of about 3,000 other galaxies. It is a spiral-shaped
galaxy made up of more than 300 billion (300,000,000,000) stars. The Sun is one star that is
located in the Milky Way galaxy. The word galaxy actually comes from a Greek word which
means milky.
Andromeda is the name of the closest galaxy to the Earth and the Milky Way galaxy. It is
located 2.6 million light years away from the Earth, which means it would take a beam of
light about that long to reach the Andromeda. One end of most galaxies to its other end is
about 100,000 light years across.
In summary, the Earth belongs to the Milky Way galaxy which is also like most galaxies,
containing a lot of empty space. There are four different types of galaxies, each with their
own characteristics. Finally, like many science fiction movies state, most stars are in galaxies
far, far away, and it would take millions and millions of years to travel to the billions of
galaxies in the universe.
46. Why do astronomers know the most about the Milky Way Galaxy?
a. Because The Milky Way is part of a cluster group of about 3,000 other galaxies.
b. Because The Milky Way’s shape is spiral thus easier to be found.
c. Because the galaxy has the Earth, its Solar System with seven other planets,
and Pluto.
d. Because it has The Sun.
e. Because it is located 2.6 million light years away from The Earth.

47. What is the shape of Milky Way?

a. Elliptical-shaped
 b. Irregular-shaped
c. Barred spiral-shaped
d. Spiral-shaped
e. Donut-shaped

Part 1

Ancient Greece spans hundreds of years of history starting at about 800 BC. Ancient
Greece is unique in many respects. First of all, it is the first period with historiography. This
means it is the first time-period about which we have historical accounts written by people
who lived back then. Herodotus, born in present-day Turkey in the 400s BC, is considered the
father of history.
The Greece of the past is not how we know it today. First off, it wasn't a united country.
Instead, it was made up of hundreds of city-states and tribes in what is now Greece and
Turkey. A city-state is a city, and the lands that surround it, which functions as an
independent nation. They shared common languages, and a similar culture, but were not all
ruled over by one king or system of government. Some city-states included Corinth, which
was the richest, and Thebes, where legends say Hercules was born.
Warring and feuds between the city-states were very common. The most famous of these
city-states are Athens and Sparta, which were bitter rivals, and fought the Peloponnesian
War.
Sparta was the most militarily powerful of the city-states beginning in 650 BC. This was
because of its unique system of government which was focused entirely on the military. Male
Spartan citizens were taken from their parents at an extremely young age and trained
rigorously. They were expected to serve in the army until they were 60 years old. This left
female Spartan citizens in charge of households, giving them more rights than women in
other parts of the world during this time. The rest of the population were either freedmen,
responsible for trade, or slaves, who worked the fields to feed the army.
48. Who is considered as the father of history?
a. Ancient Greece
b. No one
c. Herodotus
d. Sparta
e. Hercules
49. Why is The Greece we know now different with its first creation?
a. Because people in The Greece shared common languages and similar culture.
b. Because The Greece was a country but with no legitimate government
c. Because The Greece was full of warring and feuds compare to Greece today
d. Because The Greece didn’t have Turkey in its territory
e. Because The Greece was originally created by hundreds of city-states and
tribes that now is Greece and Turkey
 50. What is the other word for “feud” in paragraph 3?
a. Conflict
b. Fraud
c. Counterfeit
d. Culture
e. Popularity
51. What are Athens and Sparta famous for?
a. They are famous for the solidarity they have between cities
b. They are famous for their diverse culture and races
c. They are famous for having the father of history
d. They are famous for bitter rivals and fighting in the Peloponnesian War
e. They are famous for coming out as the winner of the Peloponnesian War

Part 2
Athens, in turn, was the most populous city-state at over 360,000 people in 431 BC. It was
the intellectual capital of the region, famed for its temples, arts, and theatres. During the
period, it was a great center of learning, and many of the famous philosophers we know today
lived here, including Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates. Though it was first ruled by kings, Athens
was the site of the first democratic government in the world in 510 BC.
Athens' independence ended when Phillip II of Macedon, the father of Alexander the
Great, conquered them. Alexander is of course well-known today. His story is long and
complicated, but he is most famous for forming the largest land empire in history up to that
point, stretching from his hometown in Greece all the way to India. However, he failed to set
up mechanisms that would keep it alive after his death. In fact, when asked which of his
generals the empire's rule should fall to when he died, he replied 'to the strongest.' This of
course resulted in a breaking up of the empire.
Though today the wartime exploits of Sparta and Alexander the Great are celebrated in
films and other forms of media, it's the intellectual pursuits of the Athenians who have made
the greatest mark on the modern world. Athens, as the birthplace of democracy, laid the
foundation for all that was to follow in the Western world for the next two thousand years.
52. The word “well-known” in the paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ...
illiterate unremarkable giant sensitive Famous
53. Why did Alexander’s empire collapse?
a. Because he dropped out the rule which maintains his sovereignty
b. Because he was not powerful enough to maintain his empire
c. Because Athens’ people were against his management
d. Because he was too ambitious to conquer more places
e. Because he failed to live longer
 54. Why is Athens important for the Western world?
a. Because Athens is now part of the Western world
b. Because Athens’ history is very lucrative in the Western entertainment industry
c. Because the foundation of democracy was born in Athens and it is being used
by the Western for so many years
d. Because the philosophers that were born in Athens influenced how the Western
settled
e. Because Athens people have made an excellent mark in the Western’s history

Part 1

Can staying up late make you fat? A growing body of research has suggested that poor sleep
quality is linked to an increased risk of obesity by deregulating appetite, which in turn leads
to more calorie consumption.

But a new study published this week in PLOS Biology found that the direction of this
reaction might actually be flipped: It's not the sleep loss that leads to obesity, but rather that
excess weight can cause poor sleep, according to researchers from the University of
Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine and the University of Nevada, Reno, who
discovered their findings in the microscopic worm Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).

"We think that sleep is a function of the body trying to conserve energy in a setting where
energetic levels are going down. Our findings suggest that if you were to fast for a day, we
would predict you might get sleepy because your energetic stores would be depleted," said
study co-author David Raizen, MD, PhD, an associate professor of Neurology and member of
the Chronobiology and Sleep Institute at Penn.

55. Why PLOS Biology said that the reaction is flipped?

a. Because poor sleep quality can deregulate appetite which can drive people to more
calorie consumption
b. Because sleep loss can lead to obesity
c. Because the additional weight can cause poor sleep quality
d. Because the reaction can come from both poor sleep and also excess weight
e. Because obesity is caused by high appetite which then makes people overeat

56. The word “excess” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ...

Extra low moderate unhealthy healthy

57. What will happen if you fast for a day?

a. You will feel energetic because your energy stores are depleted
b. You will feel less energetic because you pile up the energy
c. You might get sleepy because you save your energy
d. You might get sleepy because your energy is drained
e. You might not feel sleepy but you feel tired

Part 2
Raizen emphasized that while these findings in worms may not translate directly to humans,
C. elegans offer a surprisingly good model for studying mammalian slumber. Like all other
animals that have nervous systems, they need sleep. But unlike humans, who have complex
neural circuitry and are difficult to study, a C. elegans has only 302 neurons -- one of which
scientists know for certain is a sleep regulator.

In humans, acute sleep disruption can result in increased appetite and insulin resistance, and
people who chronically get fewer than six hours of sleep per night are more likely to be obese
and diabetic. Moreover, starvation in humans, rats, fruit flies, and worms has been shown to
affect sleep, indicating that it is regulated, at least in part, by nutrient availability. However,
the ways in which sleeping and eating work in tandem has remained unclear.

"We wanted to know, what is sleep actually doing? Short sleep and other chronic conditions,
like diabetes, are linked, but it's just an association. It's not clear if short sleep is causing the
propensity for obesity, or that the obesity, perhaps, causes the propensity for a short sleep,"
said study co-author Alexander van der Linden, Ph.D, an associate professor of Biology at
the University of Nevada, Reno.
58. The world “slumber” in paragraph 1 can be replaced with ...
a. Diet
b. Obesity
c. Activity
d. Habit
e. Sleep
59. The world “starvation” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ...
Famine feminine middle poverty criminality
60. The world “propensity” in paragraph 3 can be replaced with ...
inability Tendency impotence antipathy hate