Word Lesson Page Part of Pron

make the effort 1A 6 v phr ˌmeɪk ði ˈefət

give someone a nudge 1A 6 v phr ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ə ˈnʌdʒ

take a look at something 1A 6 v phr ˌteɪk ə ˈlʊk ət ˌsʌmθɪŋ

do some team building 1A 6 v phr ˌduː səm ˈtiːm ˌbɪldɪŋ

go on a search for something 1A 6 v phr ˌɡəʊ ɒn ə ˈsɜːtʃ fə ˌsʌmθɪŋ
get some exercise 1A 6 v phr ˌɡet səm ˈeksəsaɪz
hold a race 1A 6 v phr ˌhəʊld ə ˈreɪs
go for a hike 1A 6 v phr ˌɡəʊ fər ə ˈhaɪk
have a chat 1A 6 v phr hæv ə ˈtʃæt
have a lie-down 1A 6 v phr hæv ə ˈlaɪ daʊn

have a well-earned rest 1A 6 v phr hæv ə ˌwel ɜːnd ˈrest

have a sit down 1A 6 v phr hæv ə ˈsɪt daʊn
go for a run 1A 6 v phr ˌɡəʊ fər ə ˈrʌn

go on a teambuilding course 1A 6 v phr ˌɡəʊ ɒn ə ˈtiːm bɪldɪŋ ˌkɔːs

go for a stroll 1A 6 v phr ˌɡəʊ fər ə ˈstrəʊl
give someone help 1A 6 v phr ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ˈhelp

give someone a break 1A 6 v phr ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ə ˈbreɪk

give someone a warm welcome 1A 6 v phr ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ə ˌwɔːm ˈwelkəm
get some fresh air 1A 6 v phr ˌɡet səm freʃ ˈeə
get people talking 1A 6 v phr ˌɡet piːpl ˈtɔːkɪŋ

get the benefits of something 1A 6 v phr ɡet ðə ˈbenəfɪts əv ˌsʌmθɪŋ

hold a welcome meeting 1A 6 v phr ˌhəʊld ə ˈwelkəm ˌmiːtɪŋ

hold a singing competition 1A 6 v phr ˌhəʊld ə ˈsɪŋɪŋ kɒmpəˌtɪʃən

hold a feedback session 1A 6 v phr ˌhəʊld ə ˈfiːdbæk ˌseʃən

make a contribution 1A 6 v phr ˌmeɪk ə ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃən
make a success of something 1A 6 v phr ˌmeɪk ə səkˈses əv ˌsʌmθɪŋ
make a statement 1A 6 v phr ˌmeɪk ə ˈsteɪtmənt

do some rock-climbing 1A 6 v phr ˌduː səm ˈrɒk ˈklaɪmɪŋ

do plenty of preparation 1A 6 v phr duː ˌplenti əv ˌprepəˈreɪʃən
do someone good 1A 6 v phr ˌduː sʌmwʌn ˈɡʊd

take the initiative 1A 6 v phr ˌteɪk ði ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

take the lead 1A 6 v phr ˌteɪk ðə ˈliːd

take something into consideration 1A 6 v phr ˌteɪk sʌmθɪŋ ɪntə kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən

have a thick skin 1B 9 v phr hæv ə ˌθɪk ˈskɪn
drive someone up the wall 1B 9 v phr ˌdraɪv sʌmwʌn ˌʌp ðə ˈwɔːl

bite your tongue 1B 9 v phr ˌbaɪt jə ˈtʌŋ

get under someone’s skin 1B 9 v phr ˌɡet ʌndə ˌsʌmwʌnz ˈskɪn

let off steam 1B 9 v phr ˌlet ɒf ˈstiːm

lash out 1B 9 phr v ˌlæʃ ˈaʊt
bottle something up 1B 9 phr v ˌbɒtl sʌmθɪŋ ˈʌp

put a brave face on things 1B 9 v phr pʊt ə ˌbreɪv ˈfeɪs ɒn ˌθɪŋz

make a scene 1B 9 v phr ˌmeɪk ə ˈsiːn

get something off your chest 1B 9 v phr ˌɡet sʌmθɪŋ ˌɒf jə ˈtʃest

take a step back 1B 9 v phr ˌteɪk ə ˌstep ˈbæk

put things into perspective 1B 9 v phr ˌpʊt θɪŋz ˌɪntə pəˈspektɪv

blank 1B VB 166 v blæŋk

cyberbullying 1B VB 166 n ˈsaɪbəˌbʊliɪŋ

flame 1B VB 166 v fleɪm

rant 1B VB 166 v rænt

troll 1B VB 166 v trəʊl

bookmark 1B VB 166 v ˈbʊkmɑːk

feed 1B VB 166 n fiːd

navigation 1B VB 166 n ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən

meme 1B VB 166 n miːm

portal 1B VB 166 n ˈpɔːtl

stream 1B VB 166 v striːm

bandwidth 1B VB 166 n ˈbændwɪdθ

hashtag 1B VB 166 n ˈhæʃtæɡ

feed 1B VB 166 v fiːd

browse 1B VB 166 v braʊz

trend 1B VB 166 v trend

site 1B VB 166 n saɪt

pushy 1C 10 adj ˈpʊʃi

tacky 1C 10 adj ˈtæki

glowing 1C 10 adj ˈɡləʊɪŋ
modest 1C 10 adj ˈmɒdəst
sugary 1C 10 adj ˈʃʊɡəri
adoring 1C 10 adj əˈdɔːrɪŋ
outrageous 1C 10 adj aʊtˈreɪdʒəs
die-hard 1C 10 adj ˈdaɪ hɑːd

obsessive 1C 10 adj əbˈsesɪv

screaming 1C 10 adj ˈskriːmɪŋ

lukewarm 1C 10 adj ˌluːkˈwɔːm

gushing 1C 10 adj ˈɡʌʃɪŋ

informed 1C 10 adj ɪnˈfɔːmd

meagre 1C 10 adj ˈmiːɡə

moderate 1C 10 adj ˈmɒdərət
phenomenal 1C 10 adj fɪˈnɒmɪnəl

firm 1C 10 adj fɜːm

doting 1C 10 adj ˈdəʊtɪŋ

supportive 1C 10 adj səˈpɔːtɪv

educational 1C 10 adj ˌedjʊˈkeɪʃənəl

flimsy 1C 10 adj ˈflɪmzi

durable 1C 10 adj ˈdjʊərəbəl

nutritious 1C 10 adj njuːˈtrɪʃəs

bite-size 1C 10 adj ˈbaɪt saɪz

processed 1C 10 adj ˈprəʊsest

blind 1C 10 adj blaɪnd

driving 1C 10 adj ˈdraɪvɪŋ

consuming 1C 10 adj kənˈsjuːmɪŋ

not-so-subtle 1C VB 166 adj ˌnɒt səʊ ˈsʌtl

paid-for 1C VB 166 adj ˈpeɪd fɔː

better-than-expected 1C VB 166 adj ˌbetə ðən ɪkˈspektɪd

take-it-or-leave-it 1C VB 166 adj ˌteɪk ɪt ɔː ˈliːv ɪt
all-you-can-eat 1C VB 166 adj ˌɔːl jʊ kən ˈiːt

once-in-a-lifetime 1C VB 166 adj ˌwʌns ɪn ə ˈlaɪftaɪm

business-as-usual 1C VB 166 adj ˌbɪznəs əz ˈjuːʒuəl, ˈjuːʒəl

poorly-thought-out 1C VB 166 adj ˌpɔːlɪ θɔːt ˈaʊt

middle-of-the-road 1C VB 166 adj ˌmɪdl əv ðə ˈrəʊd

larger-than-life 1C VB 166 adj ˌlɑːdʒə ðən ˈlaɪf

off-the-cuff 1C VB 166 adj ˌɒf ðə ˈkʌf

odds-on 1C VB 166 adj ˌɒdz ˈɒn

state-of-the-art 1C VB 166 adj ˌsteɪt əv ði ˈɑːt

run-of-the-mill 1C VB 166 adj ˌrʌn əv ðə ˈmɪl
ever-dwindling 1C VB 166 adj ˌevə ˈdwɪndlɪŋ
across-the-board 1C VB 166 adj əˌkrɒs ðə ˈbɔːd
well-to-do 1C VB 166 adj ˌwel tə ˈduː

unheard-of 1C VB 166 adj ʌnˈhɜːd əv, ɒv

make the acquaintance of someone 1D 12 v phr ˌmeɪk ði əˈkweɪntəns əv ˌsʌmwʌn

my mind goes blank 1D 12 v phr maɪ ˌmaɪnd ɡəʊz ˈblæŋk

pick somebody’s brains 1D 12 v phr ˌpɪk ˌsʌmbədiz ˈbreɪnz

a great ice-breaker 1D 12 n phr ə ˌɡreɪt ˈaɪs ˌbreɪkə

break the ice 1D 12 v phr ˌbreɪk ði ˈaɪs
frosty atmosphere 1D 12 n phr ˌfrɒsti ˈætməsfɪə

hover 1D 12 v ˈhɒvə

mingle 1D 12 v ˈmɪŋɡəl

mutual acquaintance 1D 12 n phr ˌmjuːtʃuəl əˈkweɪntəns

exchange a few pleasantries 1D 12 v phr ɪksˌtʃeɪndʒ ə fjuː ˈplezəntriz

make small talk 1D 12 v phr ˌmeɪk ˈsmɔːl tɔːk
a downward trend 2A 14 n phr ə ˌdaʊnwəd ˈtrend
reverse the trend 2A 14 v phr rɪˌvɜːs ðə ˈtrend

a tipping point 2A 14 n phr ə ˈtɪpɪŋ pɔɪnt

look set to continue 2A 14 v phr lʊk ˌset tə kənˈtɪnjuː

pass a milestone 2A 14 v phr ˌpɑːs ə ˈmaɪlstəʊn

mark the start of a new era 2A 14 v phr ˌmɑːk ðə ˌstɑːt əv ə ˌnjuː ˈɪərə
be on the up 2A 14 n phr bi ˌɒn ði ˈʌp
revert to something 2A 14 v phr rɪˈvɜːt tə ˌsʌmθɪŋ
set the trend 2A 14 v phr ˌset ðə ˈtrend
look promising 2A 14 v phr ˌlʊk ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ

get on board with something 2B 17 v phr ˌɡet ɒn ˈbɔːd wɪð, wɪθ ˌsʌmθɪŋ
be willing to 2B 17 v phr bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tʊ
be at odds with 2B 17 v phr ˌbiː ət ˈɒdz wɪð, wɪθ

receive some pushback 2B 17 v phr rɪˌsiːv səm ˈpʊʃbæk

come up against some resistance 2B 17 v phr kʌm ˌʌp əɡenst səm rɪˈzɪstəns
be open to 2B 17 v phr bi ˈəʊpən tə
take issue with something 2B 17 v phr ˌteɪk ˈɪʃuː wɪð ˌsʌmθɪŋ, ˈɪsjuː
be loath to do something 2B 17 v phr bi ˌləʊθ tə ˈduː ˌsʌmθɪŋ
go along with something 2B 17 v phr ˌɡəʊ əˈlɒŋ wɪð ˌsʌmθɪŋ

meet with a lukewarm response 2B 17 v phr ˌmiːt wɪð ə ˌluːkwɔːm rɪˈspɒns

zero-hour contract 2B VB 167 n ˌzɪərəʊ aʊə ˈkɒntrækt

line manager 2B VB 167 n ˈlaɪn ˌmænɪdʒə

in lieu of … 2B VB 167 n phr ɪn ˈljuː əv, ˈluː

universal basic income 2B VB 167 n ˌjuːnəvɜːsəl ˌbeɪsɪk ˈɪŋkʌm, ˈɪn-

be given the push 2B VB 167 v phr bi ˌɡɪvən ðə ˈpʊʃ

pull rank 2B VB 167 v phr ˌpʊl ˈræŋk

gross misconduct 2B VB 167 n ˌɡrəʊs mɪsˈkɒndʌkt

severance pay 2B VB 167 n ˈsevərəns ˌpeɪ

staff appraisal 2B VB 167 n ˌstɑːf əˈpreɪzəl

disciplinary procedure 2B VB 167 n ˈdɪsəplɪnəri prəˌsiːdʒə

micro-manage 2B VB 167 v ˌmaɪkrəʊ ˈmænɪdʒ

pro rata 2B VB 167 adv ˌprəʊ ˈrɑːtə

problem 2C 18 n ˈprɒbləm
archaic 2C 18 adj ɑːˈkeɪ-ɪk

chaotic 2C 18 adj keɪˈɒtɪk

difficult 2C 18 adj ˈdɪfɪkəlt

penny-pinching 2C 18 adj ˈpeni ˌpɪntʃɪŋ

vintage 2C 18 adj ˈvɪntɪdʒ
economical 2C 18 adj ˌekəˈnɒmɪkəl, ˌiː-

issue 2C 18 n ˈɪʃuː, ˈɪsjuː

relaxed 2C 18 adj rɪˈlækst
challenging 2C 18 adj ˈtʃæləndʒɪŋ

exploit 2C 18 v ɪkˈsplɔɪt
employ 2C 18 v ɪmˈplɔɪ

lively 2C 18 adj ˈlaɪvli

rowdy 2C 18 adj ˈraʊdi
charming 2C 18 adj ˈtʃɑːmɪŋ
run-down 2C 18 adj ˈrʌn daʊn
mob 2C 18 n mɒb

crowd 2C 18 n kraʊd
cheap 2C 18 adj tʃiːp
affordable 2C 18 adj əˈfɔːdəbəl

firm 2C 18 adj fɜːm

harsh 2C 18 adj hɑːʃ
cause 2C VB 167 v kɔːz
be rife 2C VB 167 v phr bi ˈraɪf

be hell bent on … 2C VB 167 v phr bi ˌhel ˈbent ɒn

impending 2C VB 167 adj ɪmˈpendɪŋ

commit crime 2C VB 167 v phr kəˌmɪt ˈkraɪm

abundant 2C VB 167 adj əˈbʌndənt

generate 2C VB 167 v ˈdʒenəreɪt

be committed to doing something 2C VB 167 v phr bi kəˌmɪtəd tə ˈduːɪŋ ˌsʌmθɪŋ

perform 2C VB 167 v pəˈfɔːm
upcoming 2C VB 167 adj ˈʌpˌkʌmɪŋ

butt in 2D 20 phr v ˌbʌt ˈɪn

have a heart-to-heart with someone 2D 20 v phr hæv ə ˌhɑːt tə ˈhɑːt wɪð ˌsʌmwʌn

have a chit chat 2D 20 v phr hæv ə ˈtʃɪt tʃæt

reiterate 2D 20 v riːˈɪtəreɪt
go on about something 2D 20 v phr ɡəʊ ˈɒn əbaʊt ˌsʌmθɪŋ

go off on a tangent 2D 20 v phr ɡəʊ ˌɒf ɒn ə ˈtændʒənt

thrash something out 2D 20 phr v ˌθræʃ sʌmθɪŋ ˈaʊt

talk shop 2D 20 v phr ˌtɔːk ˈʃɒp

clam up 2D 20 phr v ˌklæm ˈʌp

banter 2D 20 n ˈbæntə

broach a subject 2D 20 v phr ˌbrəʊtʃ ə ˈsʌbdʒɪkt

confer with someone 2D 20 v phr kənˈfɜː wɪθ ˌsʌmwʌn

occur to someone 3A 25 v phr əˈkɜː tə ˌsʌmwʌn

spring to mind 3A 25 v phr ˌsprɪŋ tə ˈmaɪnd

dawn on someone 3A 25 v phr ˈdɔːn ɒn ˌsʌmwʌn

bounce a few ideas around 3A 25 v phr ˌbaʊns ə fjuː aɪˈdɪəz əraʊnd

have a bright idea 3A 25 v phr hæv ə ˌbraɪt aɪˈdɪə
be just a passing thought 3A 25 v phr bi ˌdʒʌst ə ˌpɑːsɪŋ ˈθɔːt

be out of ideas 3A 25 v phr bi ˌaʊt əv aɪˈdɪəz

give someone an idea 3A 25 v phr ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ən aɪˈdɪə

have a brainwave 3A 25 v phr hæv ə ˈbreɪnweɪv

macroeconomics 3A VB 168 n ˌmækrəʊekəˈnɒmɪks, -iːkə-

microeconomics 3A VB 168 n ˌmaɪkrəʊekəˈnɒmɪks, -iːkə-

macrobiology 3A VB 168 n ˌmækrəʊbaɪˈɒlədʒi

microbiology 3A VB 168 n ˌmaɪkrəʊbaɪˈɒlədʒi

macro level 3A VB 168 n phr ˈmækrəʊ ˌlevəl

micro level 3A VB 168 n phr ˈmaɪkrəʊ ˌlevəl

hypercritical 3A VB 168 adj ˌhaɪpəˈkrɪtɪkəl

hypocritical 3A VB 168 adj ˌhɪpəˈkrɪtɪkəl

hypertension 3A VB 168 n ˌhaɪpəˈtenʃən

hypotension 3A VB 168 n ˌhaɪpəʊˈtenʃən
international 3A VB 168 adj ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl

intranational 3A VB 168 adj ˌɪntrəˈnæʃənəl

internet 3A VB 168 n ˈɪntənet

intranet 3A VB 168 n ˈɪntrənet

interstate 3A VB 168 adj ˈɪntəsteɪt

intrastate 3A VB 168 adj ˈɪntrəsteɪt

reduce 3A VB 168 v rɪˈdjuːs

produce 3A VB 168 v prəˈdjuːs

reject 3A VB 168 v rɪˈdʒekt

project 3A VB 168 v prəˈdʒekt

renounce 3A VB 168 v rɪˈnaʊns

pronounce 3A VB 168 v prəˈnaʊns
bilateral 3A VB 168 adj baɪˈlætərəl
multilateral 3A VB 168 adj ˌmʌltiˈlætərəl
multipart 3A VB 168 adj ˌmʌltiˈpɑːt
bipolar 3A VB 168 adj baɪˈpəʊlə

multipolar 3A VB 168 adj ˌmʌltiˈpəʊlə

bilingual 3A VB 168 adj baɪˈlɪŋɡwəl
multilingual 3A VB 168 adj ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl

overpaid 3A VB 168 adj ˌəʊvəˈpeɪd

underpaid 3A VB 168 adj ˌʌndəˈpeɪd

overachiever 3A VB 168 n ˌəʊvərəˈtʃiːvə

underachiever 3A VB 168 n ˌʌndərəˈtʃiːvə

overrated 3A VB 168 adj ˌəʊvəˈreɪtɪd
underrated 3A VB 168 adj ˌʌndəˈreɪtɪd
overdone 3A VB 168 adj ˌəʊvəˈdʌn
underdone 3A VB 168 adj ˌʌndəˈdʌn

take stock 3B 26 v phr ˌteɪk ˈstɒk

pin something down 3B 26 phr v ˌpɪn sʌmθɪŋ ˈdaʊn

root cause 3B 26 n ˌruːt ˈkɔːz

mull something over 3B 26 phr v ˌmʌl sʌmθɪŋ ˈəʊvə

misinterpret 3B 26 v ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜːprɪt
intuitive 3B 26 adj ɪnˈtjuːətɪv

brainstorm 3B 26 v ˈbreɪnstɔːm

underestimate 3B 26 v ˌʌndərˈestɪmeɪt
wrestle with something 3B 26 phr v ˈresəl wɪð ˌsʌmθɪŋ
get befuddled 3B 26 v phr ɡet bɪˈfʌdəld

go round in circles 3B 26 v phr ɡəʊ ˌraʊnd ɪn ˈsɜːkəlz

perplexed 3B 26 adj pɜːˈplekst
baffled 3B 26 adj ˈbæfəld
deliberate 3B 26 v dɪˈlɪbəreɪt
ruminate 3B 26 v ˈruːməneɪt

ponder 3B 26 v ˈpɒndə
zero in on 3B 26 phr v ˌzɪərəʊ ˈɪn ɒn

shed light on 3B 26 v phr ˌʃed ˈlaɪt ɒn

misconstrue 3B 26 v ˌmɪskənˈstruː

misread 3B 26 v ˌmɪsˈriːd
rack your brains 3B 26 v phr ˌræk jə ˈbreɪnz
grapple with something 3B 26 v phr ˈɡræpl wɪð ˌsʌmθɪŋ

impartial 3C 29 adj ɪmˈpɑːʃəl

realistic 3C 29 adj ˌrɪəˈlɪstɪk

disclose 3C 29 v dɪsˈkləʊz

unsubstantiated 3C 29 adj ˌʌnsəbˈstænʃieɪtɪd

insubstantial 3C 29 adj ˌɪnsəbˈstænʃəl

footage 3C 29 n ˈfʊtɪdʒ
murder 3C 29 n ˈmɜːdə
assassination 3C 29 n əˌsæsəˈneɪʃən

character assassination 3C 29 n ˈkærəktər əsæsəˌneɪʃən

bend the truth 3C 29 v phr ˌbend ðə ˈtruːθ

credible 3C 29 adj ˈkredəbəl
creditable 3C 29 adj ˈkredətəbəl
publicity stunt 3C 29 n pʌˈblɪsəti ˌstʌnt

interpretation 3C 29 n ɪnˌtɜːprəˈteɪʃən

interplay 3C 29 n ˈɪntəpleɪ

brief 3C VB 168 v briːf

disclose 3C VB 168 v dɪsˈkləʊz

substantiate 3C VB 168 v səbˈstænʃieɪt

misrepresent 3C VB 168 v ˌmɪsreprɪˈzent

smear 3C VB 168 v smɪə

pitch 3C VB 168 v pɪtʃ

probe 3C VB 168 v prəʊb

unearth 3C VB 168 v ʌnˈɜːθ

expose 3C VB 168 v ɪkˈspəʊz

proofread 3C VB 168 v ˈpruːfriːd

sensationalise 3C VB 168 v senˈseɪʃənəlaɪz

plagiarise 3C VB 168 v ˈpleɪdʒəraɪz

as clear as day 3D 30 adj phr əz ˌklɪər əz ˈdeɪ

put your finger on something 3D 30 v phr ˌpʊt jə ˈfɪŋɡər ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ

crystal clear 3D 30 adj phr ˌkrɪstl ˈklɪə
in plain English 3D 30 n phr ɪn ˌpleɪn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ
as clear as mud 3D 30 adj phr əz ˌklɪər əz ˈmʌd

a hidden agenda 3D 30 v phr ə ˌhɪdn əˈdʒendə

panic attack 4A 32 n phr ˈpænɪk əˌtæk

traumatic 4A 32 adj trɔːˈmætɪk

bring someone out in a cold sweat 4A 32 v phr ˌbrɪŋ sʌmwʌn ˌaʊt ɪn ə ˌkəʊld ˈsw

a daunting prospect 4A 32 n phr ə ˌdɔːntɪŋ ˈprɒspekt

churn 4A 32 v tʃɜːn

debilitating 4A 32 adj dɪˈbɪlɪteɪtɪŋ

get a buzz out of something 4A 32 v phr ɡet ə ˈbʌz aʊt əv ˌsʌmθɪŋ

rush 4A 32 n rʌʃ
exhilaration 4A 32 n ɪɡˌzɪləˈreɪʃən

thrill 4A 32 n θrɪl

self-conscious 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ˈkɒnʃəs

self-contained 4A VB 169 adj ˌself kənˈteɪnd

self-control 4A VB 169 n ˌself kənˈtrəʊl

self-effacing 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ɪˈfeɪsɪŋ

self-esteem 4A VB 169 n ˌself ɪˈstiːm

self-explanatory 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ɪkˈsplænətəri

self-indulgent 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ɪnˈdʌldʒənt

self-inflicted 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ɪnˈflɪktɪd

self-made 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ˈmeɪd

self-pity 4A VB 169 n ˌself ˈpɪti

self-reinforcing 4A VB 169 adj ˌself riːənˈfɔːsɪŋ

self-reliant 4A VB 169 adj ˌself rɪˈlaɪənt

self-righteous 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ˈraɪtʃəs

self-sacrificing 4A VB 169 adj ˌself ˈsækrəfaɪsɪŋ

a strong sense of duty 4B 34 n phr ə ˌstrɒŋ sens əv ˈdjuːti

prior work experience 4B 34 n phr ˌpraɪə ˈwɜːk ɪkˌspɪəriəns

exorbitant rent 4B 34 n phr ɪɡˌzɔːbɪtənt ˈrent

mutual support 4B 34 n phr ˌmjuːtjuəl səˈpɔːt

an untapped resource 4B 34 n phr ən ˌʌntæpt rɪˈzɔːs, -ˈsɔːs
on a regular basis 4B 34 adv phr ɒn ə ˌreɡjələ ˈbeɪsɪs

household chores 4B 34 n phr ˌhaʊshəʊld ˈtʃɔːz

have a profound impact on something 4B 34 v phr hæv ə prəˌfaʊnd ˈɪmpækt ɒn ˌsʌm
muted 4C 36 adj ˈmjuːtɪd
vibrant 4C 36 adj ˈvaɪbrənt
rich 4C 36 adj rɪtʃ
fleeting 4C 36 adj ˈfliːtɪŋ
fuzzy 4C 36 adj ˈfʌzi

vivid 4C 36 adj ˈvɪvɪd

odour 4C 36 n ˈəʊdə

aroma 4C 36 n əˈrəʊmə
crystal-clear 4C 36 adj ˌkrɪstl ˈklɪə
blurry 4C 36 adj ˈblɜːri

crisp 4C 36 adj krɪsp

faint 4C 36 adj feɪnt
fluffy 4C 36 adj ˈflʌfi

hazy 4C 36 adj ˈheɪzi

indistinct 4C 36 adj ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋkt

mellow 4C 36 adj ˈmeləʊ

metallic 4C 36 adj məˈtælɪk

muffled 4C 36 adj ˈmʌfld

musty 4C 36 adj ˈmʌsti

pungent 4C 36 adj ˈpʌndʒənt
resonant 4C 36 adj ˈrezənənt
savoury 4C 36 adj ˈseɪvəri
shrill 4C 36 adj ʃrɪl

silky 4C 36 adj ˈsɪlki

succulent 4C 36 adj ˈsʌkjələnt

textured 4C 36 adj ˈtekstʃəd
blare 4C VB 169 v ˈbleə

bloodcurdling 4C VB 169 adj ˈblʌdˌkɜːdlɪŋ

blotchy 4C VB 169 adj ˈblɒtʃi

bristly 4C VB 169 adj ˈbrɪsli

crinkly 4C VB 169 adj ˈkrɪŋkli
clank 4C VB 169 v klæŋk

clatter 4C VB 169 v ˈklætə

ear-splitting 4C VB 169 adj ˈɪə ˌsplɪtɪŋ
fleecy 4C VB 169 adj ˈfliːsi
piquant 4C VB 169 adj ˈpiːkənt
starlit 4C VB 169 adj ˈstɑːlɪt
willowy 4C VB 169 adj ˈwɪləʊi

reach a compromise 4D 38 v phr ˌriːtʃ ə ˈkɒmprəmaɪz

give and take 4D 38 n ˌɡɪv ən ˈteɪk

make a concession on something 4D 38 v phr ˌmeɪk ə kənˈseʃən ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ

stick to your guns 4D 38 v phr ˌstɪk tə jə ˈɡʌnz

dig your heels in 4D 38 v phr ˌdɪɡ jə ˈhiːlz ɪn

split the difference 4D 38 v phr ˌsplɪt ðə ˈdɪfrəns

a bargaining chip 4D 38 n phr ə ˈbɑːɡənɪŋ tʃɪp

find common ground 4D 38 v phr ˌfaɪnd ˌkɒmən ˈɡraʊnd

break the deadlock 4D 38 v phr ˌbreɪk ðə ˈdedlɒk

groundbreaking 5A 43 adj ˈɡraʊndˌbreɪkɪŋ

far-reaching 5A 43 adj ˌfɑː ˈriːtʃɪŋ

futile 5A 43 adj ˈfjuːtaɪl

worthless 5A 43 adj ˈwɜːθləs
undervalued 5A 43 adj ˌʌndəˈvæljuːd

indispensable 5A 43 adj ˌɪndɪsˈpensəbəl

pivotal 5A 43 adj ˈpɪvətəl
noteworthy 5A 43 adj ˈnəʊtˌwɜːði
negligible 5A 43 adj ˈneɡlɪdʒəbəl

immaterial 5A 43 adj ˌɪməˈtɪəriəl

important 5A 43 adj ɪmˈpɔːtənt

key 5A 43 adj kiː

peripheral 5A 43 adj pəˈrɪfərəl

overrated 5A 43 adj ˌəʊvəˈreɪtɪd

blind to something 5A VB 170 adj phr ˈblaɪnd tə ˌsʌmθɪŋ
overflowing with 5A VB 170 adj phr ˌəʊvəˈfləʊɪŋ wɪθ, wɪð

peripheral to 5A VB 170 adj phr pəˈrɪfərəl tʊ

vital to 5A VB 170 adj phr ˈvaɪtl tʊ

famous for 5A VB 170 adj phr ˈfeɪməs fə, fɔː

superfluous to 5A VB 170 adj phr suːˈpɜːfluəs tʊ

invisible to 5A VB 170 adj phr ɪnˈvɪzəbəl tʊ
free from 5A VB 170 adj phr ˈfriː frəm

reminiscent of 5A VB 170 adj phr ˌreməˈnɪsənt əv

lacking in 5A VB 170 adj phr ˈlækɪŋ ɪn

prone to 5A VB 170 adj phr ˈprəʊn tʊ

contingent on 5A VB 170 adj phr kənˈtɪndʒənt ɒn

engrossed in 5A VB 170 adj phr ɪnˈɡrəʊst ɪn

eligible for 5A VB 170 adj phr ˈelɪdʒəbəl fə, fɔː

resigned to 5A VB 170 adj phr rɪˈzaɪnd tə
count for 5A VB 170 phr v ˈkaʊnt fə

susceptible to 5A VB 170 adj phr səˈseptəbəl tʊ

acquaint someone with something 5A VB 170 v phr əˈkweɪnt ˌsʌmwʌn wɪð ˌsʌmθɪŋ

soul-destroying 5B 44 adj ˈsəʊl dɪˌstrɔɪ-ɪŋ

go back to the drawing board 5B 44 v phr ɡəʊ ˌbæk tə ðə ˈdrɔːɪŋ bɔːd

pick yourself up 5B 44 phr v ˌpɪk jəself ˈʌp

sink without trace 5B 44 v phr ˌsɪŋk wɪðaʊt ˈtreɪs

fall flat 5B 44 v phr ˌfɔːl ˈflæt

fight a losing battle 5B 44 v phr ˌfaɪt ə ˌluːzɪŋ ˈbætl

cut your losses 5B 44 v phr ˌkʌt jə ˈlɒsəz

comfort zone 5B 44 n phr ˈkʌmfət ˌzəʊn
play it safe 5B 44 v phr ˌpleɪ ɪt ˈseɪf

throw caution to the winds 5B 44 v phr θrəʊ ˌkɔːʃən tə ðə ˈwɪndz

go for it 5B 44 v phr ˈɡəʊ fər ɪt
hair-raising 5B VB 170 adj ˈheə ˌreɪzɪŋ

law-abiding 5B VB 170 adj ˈlɔː əˌbaɪdɪŋ

far-reaching 5B VB 170 adj ˌfɑː ˈriːtʃɪŋ
nerve-racking 5B VB 170 adj ˈnɜːv ˌrækɪŋ
never-ending 5B VB 170 adj ˌnevər ˈendɪŋ
death-defying 5B VB 170 adj ˈdeθ dɪˌfaɪ-ɪŋ

soul-destroying 5B VB 170 adj ˈsəʊl dɪˌstrɔɪ-ɪŋ

breath-taking 5B VB 170 adj ˈbreθ ˌteɪkɪŋ

thought-provoking 5B VB 170 adj ˈθɔːt prəˌvəʊkɪŋ

award-winning 5B VB 170 adj əˈwɔːd ˌwɪnɪŋ
character-building 5B VB 170 adj ˈkærəktə ˌbɪldɪŋ

time-consuming 5B VB 170 adj ˈtaɪm kənˌsjuːmɪŋ

back-breaking 5B VB 170 adj ˈbæk ˌbreɪkɪŋ
jaw-dropping 5B VB 170 adj ˈdʒɔː ˌdrɒpɪŋ
awe-inspiring 5B VB 170 adj ˈɔː ɪnˌspaɪərɪŋ
mouth-watering 5B VB 170 adj ˈmaʊθ ˌwɔːtərɪŋ
immaculate 5C 46 adj ɪˈmækjələt

refuse 5C 46 n ˈrefjuːs
muck 5C 46 n mʌk

hygienic 5C 46 adj haɪˈdʒiːnɪk

scrub 5C 46 v skrʌb
disinfect 5C 46 v ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt
debris 5C 46 n ˈdebriː, ˈdeɪ-

pristine 5C 46 adj ˈprɪstiːn

spruce up 5C 46 phr v ˌspruːs ˈʌp

flotsam 5C 46 n ˈflɒtsəm

remains 5C 46 n pl rɪˈmeɪnz
spotless 5C 46 adj ˈspɒtləs

be otherwise engaged 5D 48 v phr bi ˌʌðəwaɪz ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd

be tied up 5D 48 v phr bi ˌtaɪd ˈʌp
play up 5D 48 phr v ˌpleɪ ˈʌp

be out of your depth 5D 48 v phr bi ˌaʊt əv jə ˈdepθ

crop up 5D 48 phr v ˌkrɒp ˈʌp
hectic 5D 48 adj ˈhektɪk
urgent 5D 48 adj ˈɜːdʒənt

be out of someone’s hands 5D 48 v phr bi ˌaʊt əv sʌmwʌnz ˈhændz

have a lot on your plate 5D 48 v phr hæv ə ˌlɒt ɒn jə ˈpleɪt

pop out 5D 48 phr v ˌpɒp ˈaʊt

have an almighty backlog 5D 48 v phr hæv ən ɔːlˌmaɪti ˈbæklɒɡ

be snowed under 5D 48 v phr bi ˌsnəʊd ˈʌndə
out of someone’s way 5D 48 v phr ˌaʊt əv sʌmwʌnz ˈweɪ

an awkward moment 5D 48 v phr ən ˌɔːkwəd ˈməʊmənt

for personal reasons 5D 48 adv phr fə ˈpɜːsənəl ˌriːzənz

underlying 6A 51 adj ˌʌndəˈlaɪ-ɪŋ

resonate 6A 51 v ˈrezəneɪt
tie into 6A 51 phr v ˌtaɪ ˈɪntə
backdrop 6A 51 n ˈbækdrɒp

echo 6A 51 v ˈekəʊ
spring from something 6A 51 phr v ˈsprɪŋ frəm ˌsʌmθɪŋ
evoke 6A 51 v ɪˈvəʊk
reflect 6A 51 v rɪˈflekt

knock-on effect 6A 51 n phr ˈnɒk ɒn ɪˌfekt

mirror 6A 51 v ˈmɪrə
explore 6A 51 v ɪkˈsplɔː

tap into 6A 51 phr v ˌtæp ˈɪntʊ

austerity 6A VB 171 n ɔːˈsterəti, ɒ-

the breadline 6A VB 171 n ðə ˈbredlaɪn

downtrodden 6A VB 171 adj ˈdaʊnˌtrɒdn

disaffected 6A VB 171 adj ˌdɪsəˈfektɪd

food bank 6A VB 171 n ˈfuːd bæŋk

safety net 6A VB 171 n ˈseɪfti net

glass ceiling 6A VB 171 n ˌɡlɑːs ˈsiːlɪŋ

discriminatory 6A VB 171 adj dɪsˈkrɪmənətəri

multicultural 6A VB 171 adj ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl

racism 6A VB 171 n ˈreɪsɪzəm

outreach 6A VB 171 n ˈaʊtriːtʃ

marginalised 6A VB 171 adj ˈmɑːdʒənəlaɪzd

squatter 6A VB 171 n ˈskwɒtə

entitlement 6A VB 171 n ɪnˈtaɪtlmənt

taboo 6A VB 171 adj təˈbuː, tæ-

politically correct 6A VB 171 adj pəˌlɪtɪklɪ kəˈrekt

comply with 6B 52 phr v kəmˈplaɪ wɪθ, wɪð
severe penalty 6B 52 n phr sɪˌvɪə ˈpenlti

curb 6B 52 v kɜːb
restrict 6B 52 v rɪˈstrɪkt
breach 6B 52 v briːtʃ

go unpunished 6B 52 v phr ˌɡəʊ ʌnˈpʌnɪʃt

unauthorised 6B 52 adj ʌnˈɔːθəraɪzd
face the consequences 6B 52 v phr ˌfeɪs ðə ˈkɒnsəkwənsɪz

violate 6B 52 v ˈvaɪəleɪt

face sanctions 6B 52 v phr ˌfeɪs ˈsæŋkʃənz

ban 6B 52 v bæn

evasion 6B 52 n ɪˈveɪʒən

freeze 6B 52 v friːz

monitor content 6B 52 v phr ˌmɒnɪtə ˈkɒntent

self-regulation 6B 52 n ˌself reɡjəˈleɪʃən

jingle 6B VB 171 n ˈdʒɪŋɡəl

celebrity endorsement 6B VB 171 n phr səˌlebrəti ɪnˈdɔːsmənt

tie-in 6B VB 171 n ˈtaɪ ɪn

click-and-collect 6B VB 171 n ˌklɪk ən kəˈlekt

scan-and-shop 6B VB 171 n ˌskæn ən ˈʃɒp

viral advertising 6B VB 171 n phr ˌvaɪərəl ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ
promo 6B VB 171 n ˈprəʊməʊ

niche marketing 6B VB 171 n phr ˈniːʃ ˌmɑːkətɪŋ

slogan 6B VB 171 n ˈsləʊɡən

no-quibble returns policy 6B VB 171 n phr ˌnəʊ ˌkwɪbəl rɪˈtɜːnz ˌpɒləsi

bland 6C 55 adj blænd
captivating 6C 55 adj ˈkæptəveɪtɪŋ
catchy 6C 55 adj ˈkætʃi

clumsy 6C 55 adj ˈklʌmzi

corny 6C 55 adj ˈkɔːni
fitting 6C 55 adj ˈfɪtɪŋ
inventive 6C 55 adj ɪnˈventɪv
novel 6C 55 adj ˈnɒvəl
quirky 6C 55 adj ˈkwɜːki

run-of-the-mill 6C 55 adj ˌrʌn əv ðə ˈmɪl

repulsive 6C 55 adj rɪˈpʌlsɪv

stale 6C 55 adj steɪl

surreal 6C 55 adj səˈrɪəl

witty 6C 55 adj ˈwɪti
get a lot of flak (for something) 6D 56 v phr ɡet ə ˌlɒt əv ˈflæk fə ˌsʌmθɪŋ

set your sights on something 6D 56 v phr ˌset jə ˈsaɪts ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ

a minefield 6D 56 n phr ə ˈmaɪnfiːld

a double-edged sword 6D 56 n phr ə ˌdʌbəl edʒd ˈsɔːd
be going great guns 6D 56 v phr bi ˌɡəʊɪŋ ˈɡreɪt ɡʌnz

a long shot 6D 56 n phr ə ˈlɒŋ ˌʃɒt

up in arms 6D 56 adv phr ˌʌp ɪn ˈɑːmz

stick to your guns 6D 56 v phr ˌstɪk tə jə ˈɡʌnz

fight a losing battle 6D 56 v phr ˌfaɪt ə ˌluːzɪŋ ˈbætl
as the crow flies 7A 61 adv phr əz ðə ˈkrəʊ ˌflaɪz
steer clear of 7A 61 v phr ˌstɪə ˈklɪər əv

get away from it all 7A 61 v phr ɡet əˈweɪ frəm ɪt ˌɔːl

follow the herd 7A 61 v phr ˌfɒləʊ ðə ˈhɜːd

go with your gut 7A 61 v phr ˌɡəʊ wɪð jə ˈɡʌt
the great outdoors 7A 61 n phr ðə ˌɡreɪt aʊtˈdɔːz

take the scenic route 7A 61 v phr ˌteɪk ðə ˈsiːnɪk ruːt

in the middle of nowhere 7A 61 adv phr ɪn ðə ˌmɪdl əv ˈnəʊweə
the back of beyond 7A 61 n phr ðə ˌbæk əv bɪˈjɒnd
retrace your steps 7A 61 v phr rɪˌtreɪs jə ˈsteps, riː-
capsize 7A VB 172 v kæpˈsaɪz

collide 7A VB 172 v kəˈlaɪd

congested 7A VB 172 adj kənˈdʒestɪd

gridlock 7A VB 172 n ˈɡrɪdlɒk

grounded 7A VB 172 adj ˈɡraʊndɪd

impassable 7A VB 172 adj ɪmˈpɑːsəbəl

jetlag 7A VB 172 n ˈdʒetlæɡ

puncture 7A VB 172 n ˈpʌŋktʃə

seize up 7A VB 172 phr v ˌsiːz ˈʌp

be shipwrecked 7A VB 172 v phr bi ˈʃɪp-rekt

be stranded 7A VB 172 v phr bi ˈstrændɪd

write-off 7A VB 172 n ˈraɪt ɒf

scam 7B 62 n skæm
see through 7B 62 phr v ˌsiː ˈθruː
bogus 7B 62 adj ˈbəʊɡəs
be taken in 7B 62 v phr bi ˌteɪkən ˈɪn
ruse 7B 62 n ruːs, ruːz

ploy 7B 62 n plɔɪ

scammer 7B 62 n ˈskæmə

gullible 7B 62 adj ˈɡʌləbəl

streetwise 7B 62 adj ˈstriːtwaɪz

discerning 7B 62 adj dɪˈsɜːnɪŋ

lure 7B 62 v lʊə, ljʊə

dupe 7B 62 v djuːp

rip off 7B 62 phr v ˌrɪp ˈɒf

vigilant 7B 62 adj ˈvɪdʒələnt

purport 7B 62 v pɜːˈpɔːt

con 7B 62 n kɒn

con artist 7B 62 n ˈkɒn ˌɑːtɪst

above board 7B 62 adj phr əˌbʌv ˈbɔːd

prey on 7B 62 phr v ˈpreɪ ɒn

debtor 7B VB 172 n ˈdetə

collateral 7B VB 172 n kəˈlætərəl

default 7B VB 172 v dɪˈfɔːlt

creditor 7B VB 172 n ˈkredɪtə

repossess 7B VB 172 v ˌriːpəˈzes

credit rating 7B VB 172 n ˈkredɪt ˌreɪtɪŋ

depreciate 7B VB 172 v dɪˈpriːʃieɪt
appreciate 7B VB 172 v əˈpriːʃieɪt

assets 7B VB 172 n pl ˈæsets

hedge fund 7B VB 172 n ˈhedʒ ˌfʌnd

speculate 7B VB 172 v ˈspekjəleɪt

write off 7B VB 172 phr v ˌraɪt ˈɒf

bond 7B VB 172 n bɒnd

commodities 7B VB 172 n pl kəˈmɒdətiz

derivatives 7B VB 172 n pl dɪˈrɪvətɪvz
stocks and shares 7B VB 172 n pl ˌstɒks ən ˈʃeəz

out of your depth 7C 64 adj phr ˌaʊt əv jə ˈdepθ

totally incompetent 7C 64 adj phr ˌtəʊtl-i ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt
an aptitude for 7C 64 n phr ən ˈæptɪtjuːd fə, fɔː
an innate ability 7C 64 n phr ən ɪˌneɪt əˈbɪləti

rusty 7C 64 adj ˈrʌsti

clueless 7C 64 adj ˈkluːləs

all-rounder 7C 64 n ˌɔːl ˈraʊndə

versatile 7C 64 adj ˈvɜːsətaɪl

turn your hand to 7C 64 v phr ˌtɜːn jə ˈhænd tʊ
computer illiterate 7C 64 adj phr kəmˌpjuːtər ɪˈlɪtərət
tech-savvy 7C 64 adj ˈtek ˌsævi
novice 7C 64 n ˈnɒvɪs

learn the basics 7C 64 v phr ˌlɜːn ðə ˈbeɪsɪks

get by 7C 64 phr v ɡet ˈbaɪ
proficient at 7C 64 adj phr prəˈfɪʃənt ət, æt
accomplished 7C 64 adj əˈkʌmplɪʃt
adept at 7C 64 adj phr ˈædept ət, æt

a natural 7C 64 n ə ˈnætʃərəl
inept 7C 64 adj ɪˈnept

rebuttal 7D 66 n rɪˈbʌtl

counterargument 7D 66 n ˈkaʊntər ˌɑːɡjəmənt

show of hands 7D 66 n phr ˌʃəʊw əv ˈhændz

rhetorical skills 7D 66 n phr rɪˈtɒrɪkəl ˌskɪlz

substance 7D 66 n ˈsʌbstəns

eloquently 7D 66 adv ˈeləkwəntli

coherently 7D 66 adv kəʊˈhɪərəntli

questions from the floor 7D 66 n phr ˌkwestʃənz frəm ðə ˈflɔː

chair 7D 66 n tʃeə

motion 7D 66 n ˈməʊʃən

ground rules 7D 66 n pl ˈɡraʊnd ruːlz

refute 7D 66 v rɪˈfjuːt
sway 7D 66 v sweɪ

want the ground to swallow you up 8A 69 v phr wɒnt ðə ˌɡraʊnd tə ˌswɒləʊ jʊ ˈʌp
have someone in stitches 8A 69 v phr ˌhæv sʌmwʌn ɪn ˈstɪtʃɪz
have butterflies in your stomach 8A 69 v phr hæv ˌbʌtəflaɪz ɪn jə ˈstʌmək

feel shaken up 8A 69 v phr fiːl ˌʃeɪkən ˈʌp

see red 8A 69 v phr ˌsiːˈred
feel on top of the world 8A 69 v phr ˌfiːl ɒn ˌtɒp əv ðə ˈwɜːld

feel out of it 8A 69 v phr ˌfiːl ˈaʊt əv ɪt

make a fool of yourself 8A 69 v phr ˌmeɪk ə ˈfuːl əv jəˌself

be up in arms 8A 69 v phr bi ˌʌp ɪn ˈɑːmz
be over the moon 8A 69 v phr bi ˌəʊvə ðə ˈmuːn

officious 8A VB 173 adj əˈfɪʃəs

defeatist 8A VB 173 adj dɪˈfiːtɪst
discourteous 8A VB 173 adj dɪsˈkɜːtiəs
disconcerted 8A VB 173 adj ˌdɪskənˈsɜːtɪd

incensed 8A VB 173 adj ɪnˈsenst

hot headed 8A VB 173 adj ˌhɒt ˈhedɪd

grasping 8A VB 173 adj ˈɡrɑːspɪŋ

jocular 8A VB 173 adj ˈdʒɒkjələ

guilt ridden 8A VB 173 adj ˈɡɪlt ˌrɪdn

do-gooder 8A VB 173 n ˌduː ˈɡʊdə

downhearted 8A VB 173 adj ˌdaʊnˈhɑːtɪd

megalomaniac 8A VB 173 n ˌmeɡələˈmeɪniæk

with the benefit of hindsight 8B 71 adv phr wɪð ðə ˈbenəfɪt əv ˈhaɪndsaɪt

pan out 8B 71 phr v ˌpæn ˈaʊt

stop short of 8B 71 v phr ˌstɒp ˈʃɔːt əv

agonise over 8B 71 phr v ˈæɡənaɪz əʊvə

be torn between 8B 71 v phr bi ˈtɔːn bɪˌtwɪːn

weigh up the options 8B 71 v phr ˌweɪ ʌp ði ˈɒpʃənz

be in a quandary over 8B 71 v phr bi ɪn ə ˈkwɒndəri əʊvə

on reflection 8B 71 adv phr ɒn rɪˈflekʃən

grumpiness 8B VB 173 n ˈɡrʌmpinəs

greyness 8B VB 173 n ˈɡreɪnəs

petulance 8B VB 173 n ˈpetjələns

moodiness 8B VB 173 n ˈmuːdinəs

grimness 8B VB 173 n ˈɡrɪmnəs

nonchalance 8B VB 173 n ˈnɒnʃələns

coarseness 8B VB 173 n ˈkɔːsnəs

eradication 8B VB 173 n ɪˌrædɪˈkeɪʃən

implementation 8B VB 173 n ˌɪmpləmenˈteɪʃən

thoughtlessness 8B VB 173 n ˈθɔːtləsnəs

keep your head down 8C 73 v phr ˌkiːp jə ˈhed daʊn

not be out of the woods 8C 73 adv phr ˌnɒt bi ˌaʊt əv ðə ˈwʊdz

play it safe 8C 73 v phr ˌpleɪ ɪt ˈseɪf

play with fire 8C 73 v phr ˌpleɪ wɪð ˈfaɪə

run the risk 8C 73 v phr ˌrʌn ðə ˈrɪsk

take a calculated risk 8C 73 v phr teɪk ə ˌkælkjəleɪtɪd ˈrɪsk

the coast is clear 8C 73 n phr ðə ˌkəʊst ɪz ˈklɪə

watch your step 8C 73 v phr ˌwɒtʃ jə ˈstep

audio call 8D 74 n ˈɔːdiəʊ kɔːl

landline 8D 74 n ˈlændlaɪn

mute 8D 74 v mjuːt
on hold 8D 74 n phr ɒn ˈhəʊld

reception 8D 74 n rɪˈsepʃən

signal 8D 74 n ˈsɪɡnəl

speakerphone 8D 74 n ˈspiːkəfəʊn
text (message) 8D 74 n ˈtekst ˌmesɪdʒ

video call 8D 74 n ˈvɪdiəʊ kɔːl

voicemail 8D 74 n ˈvɔɪsmeɪl
crackly 8D 74 adj ˈkrækli

echo 8D 74 n ˈekəʊ

muffled 8D 74 adj ˈmʌfld

cut out 8D 74 phr v ˌkʌt ˈaʊt

break up 8D 74 phr v ˌbreɪk ˈʌp

automated message 8D 74 n phr ˌɔːtəmeɪtɪd ˈmesɪdʒ

badly 9A 79 adv ˈbædli

clearly 9A 79 adv ˈklɪəli
closely 9A 79 adv ˈkləʊsli

competently 9A 79 adv ˈkɒmpətəntli

continually 9A 79 adv kənˈtɪnjuəli
dramatically 9A 79 adv drəˈmætɪkli
politely 9A 79 adv pəˈlaɪtli
uncontrollably 9A 79 adv ˌʌnkənˈtrəʊləbli
unenthusiastically 9A 79 adv ˌʌnɪnθjuːziˈæstɪkli

sullenly 9A VB 174 adv ˈsʌlənli

flippantly 9A VB 174 adv ˈflɪpəntli

tantalisingly 9A VB 174 adv ˈtæntəl-aɪzɪŋli

monstrously 9A VB 174 adv ˈmɒnstrəsli
acrimoniously 9A VB 174 adv ˌækrəˈməʊniəsli

vacantly 9A VB 174 adv ˈveɪkəntli

daringly 9A VB 174 adv ˈdeərɪŋli
heartlessly 9A VB 174 adv ˈhɑːtləsli
rumour has it 9B 80 v phr ˌruːmə ˈhæz ɪt

reading between the lines 9B 80 v phr ˌriːdɪŋ bɪˌtwiːn ðə ˈlaɪnz

hear it through the grapevine 9B 80 v phr ˌhɪər ɪt θruː ðə ˈɡreɪpvaɪn

get hold of the wrong end of the stick 9B 80 v phr ɡet ˌhəʊld əv ðə ˌrɒŋ ˌend əv ðə ˈs

drop a few hints 9B 80 v phr ˌdrɒp ə fjuː ˈhɪnts

put two and two together 9B 80 v phr pʊt ˌtuː ən ˌtuː təˈɡeðə

two-faced 9B 80 adj ˌtuː ˈfeɪst

juicy gossip 9B 80 n phr ˌdʒuːsi ˈɡɒsɪp

a little bird told me 9B 80 v phr ə ˌlɪtl ˈbɜːd ˌtəʊld mi

take it with a pinch of salt 9B 80 v phr ˌteɪk ɪt wɪð ə ˌpɪntʃ əv ˈsɔːlt

spread like wildfire 9B 80 v phr ˌspred laɪk ˈwaɪldfaɪə

aggravate 9C 83 v ˈæɡrəveɪt
alleviate 9C 83 v əˈliːvieɪt
beautify 9C 83 v ˈbjuːtɪfaɪ
compound 9C 83 v kəmˈpaʊnd
deteriorate 9C 83 v dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt
enhance 9C 83 v ɪnˈhɑːns
exacerbate 9C 83 v ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt
facilitate 9C 83 v fəˈsɪlɪteɪt
hamper 9C 83 v ˈhæmpə
hinder 9C 83 v ˈhɪndə
impair 9C 83 v ɪmˈpeə
rectify 9C 83 v ˈrektɪfaɪ
undermine 9C 83 v ˌʌndəˈmaɪn
parched 9C VB 174 adj pɑːtʃt
overgrown 9C VB 174 adj ˌəʊvəˈɡrəʊn

bleak 9C VB 174 adj bliːk

forested 9C VB 174 adj ˈfɒrəstɪd

undulating 9C VB 174 adj ˈʌndjəleɪtɪŋ

picturesque 9C VB 174 adj ˌpɪktʃəˈresk
sheer 9C VB 174 adj ʃɪə

windswept 9C VB 174 adj ˈwɪndswept

barren 9C VB 174 adj ˈbærən
craggy 9C VB 174 adj ˈkræɡi
arid 9C VB 174 adj ˈærɪd

competency 9D 84 n ˈkɒmpətənsi
employability 9D 84 n ɪmˌplɔɪəˈbɪləti

adaptability 9D 84 n əˌdæptəˈbɪləti

autonomy 9D 84 n ɔːˈtɒnəmi

business acumen 9D 84 n ˈbɪznɪs ˌækjəmən

critical thinking 9D 84 n ˌkrɪtɪkəl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ

entrepreneurial skills 9D 84 n pl ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːriəl ˌskɪlz

growth mindset 9D 84 n ˌɡrəʊθ ˈmaɪndset

perseverance 9D 84 n ˌpɜːsəˈvɪərəns

professional confidence 9D 84 n prəˌfeʃənəl ˈkɒnfɪdəns

resilience 9D 84 n rɪˈzɪliəns

tolerance 9D 84 n ˈtɒlərəns

ambiguity 9D 84 n ˌæmbɪˈɡjuːəti

frontier 10A 86 n ˈfrʌntɪə

limit 10A 86 n ˈlɪmɪt

boundary 10A 86 n ˈbaʊndəri

exploit 10A 86 v ɪkˈsplɔɪt

utilise 10A 86 v ˈjuːtəlaɪz

harness 10A 86 v ˈhɑːnəs

cutting-edge 10A 86 adj ˌkʌtɪŋ ˈedʒ

state-of-the-art 10A 86 adj ˌsteɪt əv ði ˈɑːt

groundbreaking 10A 86 adj ˈɡraʊndˌbreɪkɪŋ

trailblazing 10A 86 adj ˈtreɪlˌbleɪzɪŋ

revolutionary 10A 86 adj ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri

pioneering 10A 86 adj ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ
catch on 10A 86 phr v ˌkætʃ ˈɒn
thrive 10A 86 v θraɪv
flourish 10A 86 v ˈflʌrɪʃ

pave the way for 10A 86 v phr ˌpeɪv ðə ˈweɪ fə, fɔː
herald 10A 86 v ˈherəld
spearhead 10A 86 v ˈspɪəhed
spur 10A 86 v spɜː

lead 10A 86 v liːd

dawn 10A 86 n dɔːn

era 10A 86 n ˈɪərə

the very idea of 10A VB 175 n phr ðə ˌveri aɪˈdɪə əv

like/love the idea of 10A VB 175 v phr ˌlaɪk/ˌlʌv ði aɪˈdɪə əv

what’s the big idea 10A VB 175 v phr ˌwɒts ðə ˌbɪɡ aɪˈdɪə

whose bright idea 10A VB 175 n phr ˌhuːz ˌbraɪt aɪˈdɪə

give someone an idea as to 10A VB 175 v phr ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ən aɪˈdɪə æz tʊ

toy/flirt with the idea of 10A VB 175 v phr ˌtɔɪ/ˌflɜːt wɪð ði aɪˈdɪə əv
bounce ideas around/off each other 10A VB 175 v phr ˌbaʊns aɪˈdɪəz əraʊnd/ɒf iːtʃ ˌʌðə
stem from the idea of/that 10A VB 175 v phr ˌstem frəm ði aɪˈdɪə əv/ðət
not have the faintest/foggiest idea 10A VB 175 v phr ˌnɒt hæv ðə ˌfeɪntəst/ˌfɒɡiəst aɪˈd

come up with an idea 10A VB 175 v phr kʌm ˌʌp wɪð ən aɪˈdɪə

not my idea of 10A VB 175 n phr ˌnɒt maɪ aɪˈdɪə əv

crackpot idea 10A VB 175 n phr ˈkrækpɒt aɪˌdɪə

initial phase 10B 88 n phr ɪˌnɪʃəl ˈfeɪz

roll the dice 10B 88 v phr ˌrəʊl ðə ˈdaɪs

take turns 10B 88 v phr ˌteɪk ˈtɜːnz

face up 10B 88 adv ˌfeɪs ˈʌp
score points 10B 88 v phr ˌskɔː ˈpɔɪnts
ultimate goal 10B 88 n phr ˌʌltɪmət ˈɡəʊl

shuffle 10B 88 v ˈʃʌfl

face down 10B 88 adv ˌfeɪs ˈdaʊn
deal 10B 88 v diːl
place 10B 88 v pleɪs

take 10B 88 v teɪk

turn over 10B 88 phr v ˌtɜːn ˈəʊvə

breakdown 10B VB 175 n ˈbreɪkdaun

tip-off 10B VB 175 n ˈtɪp ɒf

build-up 10B VB 175 n ˈbɪld ʌp
get-together 10B VB 175 n ˈɡet təˌɡeðə

outburst 10B VB 175 n ˈaʊtbɜːst

outset 10B VB 175 n ˈaʊtset

crackdown 10B VB 175 n ˈkrækdaʊn

mix-up 10B VB 175 n ˈmɪks ʌp

climb-down 10B VB 175 n ˈklaɪm daʊn

add-on 10B VB 175 n ˈæd ɒn

compelling 10C 90 adj kəmˈpelɪŋ

sound 10C 90 adj saʊnd
convincing 10C 90 adj kənˈvɪnsɪŋ

cheap gimmick 10C 90 n phr ˌtʃiːp ˈɡɪmɪk

flawed 10C 90 adj flɔːd

superficially 10C 90 adv ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃəli

outwardly 10C 90 adv ˈaʊtwədli
attractive 10C 90 adj əˈtræktɪv
lacking 10C 90 adj ˈlækɪŋ

valid 10C 90 adj ˈvælɪd

badly thought through 10C 90 adj ˌbædli ˌθɔːt ˈθruː
pull off 10D 92 phr v ˌpʊl ˈɒf
fall short 10D 92 phr v ˌfɔːl ˈʃɔːt

go downhill 10D 92 phr v ˌɡəʊ daʊn ˈhɪl

make it 10D 92 phr v ˈmeɪk ɪt

bounce back 10D 92 phr v ˌbaʊns ˈbæk

mess up 10D 92 phr v ˌmes ˈʌp

pay off 10D 92 phr v ˌpeɪ ˈɒf

go up in smoke 10D 92 v phr ɡəʊ ˌʌp ɪn ˈsməʊk

lose out 10D 92 phr v ˌluːz ˈaʊt

take off 10D 92 phr v ˌteɪk ˈɒf
5A 43 adj
Definition
to do something that requires some effort
to gently persuade or encourage someone to take a particular decision or
action
to examine somethinɡ and think about it
to carry out activities to encouraɡe a group of people who have been chosen
to work together to become more effective and communicate well

to attempt to find something

to do physical activities in order to stay healthy and become stronger
to compete to run, drive etc. fastest and finish first
to take a long walk in the mountains or countryside
to hold an informal friendly conversation
to have a short rest, usually on a bed
to have a relaxing break that you deserve because you have worked hard

if you have a sit down, you sit and rest for a short while
to spend a period of time running
to attend lessons in encouraɡing a group of people who have been chosen
to work together to become more effective and communicate well

to walk somewhere in a slow relaxed way

to make it easier or possible for someone to do something
to allow someone to stop doing something for a period of time before they
start doing it again
to greet someone in a friendly way when they arrive at a place
to breathe some air from outside, especially clean air
to encourage or persuade people to talk to each other
to enjoy the advantages of something

to have a meeting to greet people

to organise an event where people try to be the best at singing

to have a meeting where advice, criticism etc. is given about how successful
or useful something is
to give or do something in order to help something be successful
to be successful in something
to say something, especially in public
to do the sport of climbing up very steep rock surfaces such as the sides of
mountains
to prepare carefully for something
to have a useful effect on someone
if you take the initiative, you make decisions and take action without waiting
for someone to tell you what to do
to be the first to start doing something or be most active in doing something

to remember to think about something important when you are making a

decision or judgement
to not care if people criticise you or do not like you
to make someone very angry or annoyed
to stop yourself saying something because you know it would not be
sensible to say it
if someone gets under your skin, they annoy you, especially by the way they
behave
to get rid of your anger, excitement or energy in a way that does not harm
anyone by doing something active
to suddenly speak angrily to someone or criticise someone angrily
to deliberately not allow yourself to show a strong feeling or emotion
to pretend that you are happy when you are really very upset

to have a loud angry argument, especially in a public place

to tell someone about something that has been worrying or annoying you for
a long time, so that you feel better afterwards
to deliberately become less closely involved in a situation

to consider something in a sensible way by comparing it with something else

to ignore someone who you would usually greet or speak to

the activity of sending internet or text messages that threaten or insult
(someone)
to send (someone) an angry or rude message in an email or on a bulletin
board
to talk or complain in a loud, excited and rather confused way because you
feel strongly about something
to leave offensive or upsetting messages on the internet, just in order to get
a reaction
to save the address of a page on the internet so that you can find it again
easily
an internet page which is frequently updated

when you click on words, pictures etc. in order to move between documents
that are connected on the internet
a piece of video, a joke or something else that spreads quickly on the
internet
a website that helps you find other websites

if you stream sound or video, you play it on your computer while it is being
downloaded from the internet, rather than saving it as a file and then playing
it
the amount of information that can be carried through a telephone wire,
computer connection etc. at one time
a word in a Twitter message with # in front of it, which indicates what the
message is about. People can search for hashtags in order to find messages
about a particular subject.
if an internet page is feeding, it is being updated
to search for information on a computer or on the internet

if a subject is trending on the internet, a lot of people are searching for it or

sending messages about it
a website; a place on the internet where you can find information about
something, especially a particular organisation
someone who is pushy does everything they can to get what they want from
other people – used to show disapproval
if something is tacky, it looks cheap or badly made, and shows poor taste

full of praise
not very great, big or expensive
containing sugar, or tasting like sugar
liking and admiring someone very much
shocking
a die-hard person opposes change and refuses to accept new ideas
thinking or worrying about something all the time, so that you do not think
about other things enough – used to show disapproval
making a loud high noise with your voice because you are hurt, frightened,
excited etc.
not showing much interest or excitement
expressing praise, pleasure etc. in a way that other people think is too strong

an informed decision etc. is based on knowledge of a subject or situation

a meagre amount of food, money etc. is too small and is much less than you
need
not very large or very small, not very fast or very slow etc.
very great or impressive
showing in the way that you behave or speak that you are the person in
control and that you are not likely to change your answer, belief etc.
loving someone very much, and show this by your actions
giving help or encouragement, especially to someone who is in a difficult
situation
teaching you something you did not know before
something that is flimsy is not strong or well-made, and will break easily

staying in good condition for a long time, even if used a lot

food that is nutritious is full of the natural substances that your body needs to
stay healthy or to grow properly
small enough to put into your mouth to eat
processed food has substances added to it before it is sold, in order to
preserve it, improve its colour etc.
used to describe strong feelings that you cannot control
driving ambition is a very great desire to do or achieve something

a consuming feeling is so strong that you think of little else

direct; easily noticed or understood

used to describe something you have given money to buy

not as bad as you thought it was going to be

used to show that someone doesn’t care about the outcome

used by restaurants to describe a meal with a fixed price, and with no limit
on how much food you eat
used to say that something is very rare

used to describe when someone or something is still working or operating

normally when you think they might not be
badly planned

ordinary and not new, different or exciting

someone who is larger than life is very amusing or exciting in an attractive

way
an off-the-cuff remark, reply etc. is one that you make without thinking about
it first
used to describe the person, horse etc. that is most likely to win a race or
other competition
using the most modern and recently developed methods, materials or
knowledge
not special or interesting in any way
gradually becoming less and less or smaller and smaller
affecting everyone or everything in a situation or organisation
rich and with a high social position
something that is unheard of is so unusual that it has not happened or been
known before
to meet someone for the first time
if your mind goes blank, or if you go blank, you suddenly cannot remember
something
to ask someone who knows a lot about something for information and advice
about it
something that you say or do to make people less nervous when they first
meet
to make people feel more friendly and willing to talk to each other
a frosty atmosphere describes an unfriendly situation
to stay nervously in the same place, especially because you are waiting for
something or are not certain what to do
if you mingle at a party or event, you move around the room and talk to lots
of different people

someone that two people both know

to say things that you say to someone in order to be polite, but which are not
very important
to take part in polite friendly conversation about unimportant subjects
a general tendency for something to decrease
to make something start to change back
the moment when one particular result of a process becomes the most likely
one, after a period when the result is not sure
to seem likely not to stop
to go past a very important event in the development of something

to be a sign of an important change

to be improving or increasing
to change back to a situation that existed in the past
to start doing something that other people copy
to show signs of being successful or good in the future
to agree with and accept something

to be prepared to
to disaɡree with
to ɡet a neɡative response (about a proposed chanɡe)

to get a negative response

to be willing to consider or accept something new

to disagree or argue with someone about something
to be unwilling to do something
to agree with or support something
to receive little interest or excitement

a zero-hour contract is one in which a worker may or may not be given any
work in a week but must be available for work, and is only paid for the hours
they work
someone who is one level higher in rank than you in a company and is in
charge of your work
instead of

a theoretical system of paying a sum of money to every individual in a given

country or region, which is not dependent on work
if your employer gives you the push, they make you leave your job
to use your authority over someone to make them do what you want,
especially unfairly
extremely bad behaviour or performance by an employee that may lead to
being told to leave their job
money that you get when you have to leave a company because your
employer no longer has a job for you
a meeting between a manager and an employee to discuss the quality of the
employee’s work and areas for future progress
a process relating to the punishment of someone who has not obeyed rules

to organise and control all the details of another person’s work in a way that
they think is annoying
a payment or share that is calculated pro rata is calculated according to how
much of something is used, how much work is done etc.
a situation that causes difficulties
old-fashioned and needing to be replaced
a chaotic situation is one in which everything is happening in a confused way

hard to do, understand or deal with

unwilling to spend or give money

old, but high-quality

using money, time, goods etc. carefully and without wasting any
a subject or problem that is often discussed or argued about, especially a
social or political matter that affects the interests of a lot of people
a situation that is relaxed is comfortable and informal
difficult in an interesting or enjoyable way
to treat (someone) unfairly by asking them to do things for you, but giving
them very little in return
to pay (someone) to work for you
a place or situation that is lively is exciting because a lot of things are
happening
a rowdy place such as a bar is full of noisy people, often behaving badly
very pleasing or attractive
a building or area that is run-down is in very bad condition
a large noisy crowd, especially one that is angry and violent
a large group of people who have gathered together to do something, for
example to watch something or protest about something
not at all expensive, or lower in price than you expected
cheap enough for most people to afford
showing in the way that you behave or speak that you are the person in
control and that you are not likely to change your answer, belief etc.
severe, cruel or unkind
to make something happen, especially something bad
if something bad or unpleasant is rife, it is very common
to be very determined to do something, especially something that other
people do not approve of
an impending event or situation, especially an unpleasant one, is going to
happen very soon
to do something wrong or illegal
something that is abundant exists or is available in large quantities so that
there is more than enough
to produce or cause something
to be willing to work very hard at something

to do (something), especially something difficult or useful

happening soon
to interrupt a conversation, often rudely

to hold a conversation in which two people say honestly and sincerely what
they really feel about something
to hold a conversation about things that are not very important

to repeat (a statement or opinion) in order to make your meaning as clear as

possible
to keep talking about something, in a way that is boring or annoying
to suddenly start thinking or talking about a subject that is only slightly
related, or not related at all, to the original subject
to discuss something thoroughly with someone until you find an answer,
reach an agreement or decide on something
to talk about things that are related to your work, especially in a way that
other people find boring
to suddenly stop talking, especially when you are nervous or shy
friendly conversation in which people make a lot of jokes with, and amusing
remarks about, each other
to mention a subject that may be embarrassing or unpleasant or cause an
argument
to discuss something with other people, so that everyone can express their
opinions and decide on something
if an idea or a thought occurs to you, it suddenly comes into your mind
if someone or something springs to mind, you immediately think of them

if a fact dawns on you, you realise it for the first time

to talk about your ideas with someone

to come up with a very clever idea

a passing thought or feeling is short and not very serious
to have no inspiration or solutions left

to provide a plan or suggestion for a possible course of action, especially

one that you think of suddenly
to have a sudden clever idea
the study of large economic systems such as those of a whole country or
area of the world
the study of small economic systems that are part of national or international
systems
the study of organisms that can be seen without any optical instrument

the scientific study of very small living things which can only be seen through
a microscope
a way of considering a whole system rather than particular parts of it

a way of considering a very specific part of a system

too eager to criticise other people and things, especially about small details

behaving in a way that is different from what you claim to believe

a medical condition in which your blood pressure is too high

a medical condition in which your blood pressure is too low

relating to or involving more than one nation
relating to or involving a single nation

a computer system that allows millions of computer users around the world
to exchange information
a computer network used for exchanging or seeing information within a
company
that goes between states

within a single state

to make (something) smaller or less in size, amount or price

to make, write etc. (something) to be bought, used or enjoyed by people; to
grow (something) or make it naturally
to refuse to accept, believe in or agree with (something)
to calculate what something will be in the future, using the information you
have now
to publicly say or show that you no longer believe in (something), or will no
longer behave in a particular way
to make the sound of (a letter, word etc.), especially in the correct way
involving two groups or nations
involving several different countries or groups
made up of more than one part
involving two opposing countries, groups etc.
divided in several ways or directions

using, speaking or written in two different languages

using, speaking or written in several different languages
given more money for a job than you deserve

earning less money than you deserve for your work

someone who works very hard to be successful, and is very unhappy if they
do not achieve everything they want to
someone who does not do as well at school or at work as they could do if
they worked harder
not as good or important as some people think or say
better than people think or say
cooked too much
not completely cooked
to think carefully about the things that have happened in a situation in order
to decide what to do next
to understand something clearly or be able to describe it exactly
the main cause of a problem

to think about a problem, plan etc. for a long time before making a decision

to not understand the correct meaning of something that someone says or

does, or of facts that you are considering
an intuitive idea is based on a feeling rather than on knowledge or facts
to have a discussion or meeting with other people at work, to suggest a lot of
ideas for an activity or for solving a problem
to think or guess that something is smaller, cheaper, easier etc. than it really
is
to try to understand or find a solution to a difficult problem
to become completely confused
to think or argue about something without deciding anything or making
progress
confused and worried by something that you do not understand
if something baffles you, you cannot understand or explain it at all
to think about something very carefully
to think carefully and deeply about something
to spend time thinking carefully and seriously about (a problem, a difficult
question or something that has happened)
to direct all your attention towards (a particular person or thing)
to make (something) easier to understand, by providing new or better
information
to misunderstand (something that someone has said or done)

to make a wrong judgement about a person or situation

to try very hard to remember or think of something

to try hard to deal with or understand something difficult
not involved in a particular situation, and therefore able to give a fair opinion
or piece of advice
judging and dealing with situations in a practical way according to what is
actually possible rather than what you would like to happen
to make something publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret

not proved to be true

not solid, large, strong or definite

film or video showing a particular event

the crime of deliberately killing someone

the act of murdering an important person
an unfair attack on someone’s character

to say something that is not completely true

deserving or able to be believed or trusted

deserving praise or approval
something that is only done to get publicity
the way in which someone explains or understands an event, information,
someone’s actions etc.
the way in which two people or things affect each other

to give (someone) all the information about a situation that they will need

to make (something) publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret

to prove the truth of (something that someone has said, claimed etc.)
to deliberately give a wrong description of (someone’s opinions or of a
situation)
to tell an untrue story about (someone important) in order to make people
lose respect for them – used especially in newspapers
to present an idea or concept to someone in a way that they will accept it

to ask questions in order to find things out, especially things that other
people do not want you to know
to find (information or the truth about something or someone)
to show the truth about (someone or something), especially when it is bad

to read through (something that is written or printed) in order to correct any

mistakes in it
to deliberately make (something) seem as strange, exciting or shocking as
possible – used to show disapproval
to take words or ideas from another person’s work and use them in your
work, without stating that they are not your own
very easy to see or understand
to know or be able to explain exactly what is wrong, different or unusual
about a situation
very easy to see or understand
in clear and simple words, without using technical language
used humorously to say that something is very difficult to understand
the secret purpose behind a plan or activity that you do not tell other people
about – used to show disapproval
a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness that makes you unable to
think clearly or behave sensibly
a traumatic experience is so shocking and upsetting that it affects you for a
long time
to make someone very nervous or frightened
a particular event which will probably or definitely happen in the future, that
is frightening in a way that makes you feel less confident
if your stomach churns, you feel sick because you are nervous or frightened

making you ill or weak

to get a strong feeling of excitement, pleasure or success from doing

something
a sudden strong, usually pleasant feeling that you get from taking a drug or
from doing something exciting
a feeling of being happy, excited and full of energy
a sudden strong feeling of excitement and pleasure, or the thing that makes
you feel this
worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people
think of you
a self-contained flat has its own kitchen and bathroom
the ability to behave calmly and sensibly even when you feel very excited,
angry etc.
not wanting to attract attention to yourself or your achievements

the feeling of being satisfied with your own abilities, and that you deserve to
be liked or respected
clear and easy to understand without needing any more explanation
allowing yourself to have or do things that you enjoy but do not need,
especially if you do this too often
self-inflicted pain, problems, illnesses etc. are those you have caused
yourself
a self-made man or woman has become successful and rich by their own
efforts, not by having money given to them
the feeling of being sad and depressed because you think that something
unfair or unpleasant has happened to you – used to show disapproval

strengthening your own existing feelings, behaviour or opinions

able to do or decide things by yourself, without depending on the help or
advice of other people
proudly sure that your beliefs, attitudes and morals are good and right, in a
way that annoys other people – used to show disapproval
deciding not to do or have something you want or need, in order to help
someone else
a feeling that you have to do something because it is morally or legally right

the previous experience you have had of working in a particular type of job

an exorbitant rent (= money paid to live in a house or room that belongs to

someone else, or to use something that belongs to someone else) is much
higher than it should be
mutual support is support that two or more people give each other

something useful that is available but has not yet been used
at the same time each day, week, month etc., or often
small jobs that you have to do regularly in a home, especially work that you
do to keep a house clean
to have a very important or strong effect or influence on something
a muted reaction to something is not expressed strongly
full of activity or energy in a way that is exciting and attractive
full of interesting or important features, facts, events or ideas
lasting for only a short time
if a sound or picture is fuzzy, it is unclear
vivid memories, dreams, descriptions etc. are so clear that they seem real

a smell, especially an unpleasant one

a strong pleasant smell

completely clear
difficult to see because the edges are not clear
food that is crisp is pleasantly hard or firm when you bite it; weather that is
crisp is cold and dry
difficult to see, hear, smell etc.
(appearing to be) very light and soft to touch
air that is hazy is not clear because there is a lot of smoke, dust or mist in it

an indistinct sound, image or memory cannot be seen, heard or remembered

clearly
mellow wine or fruit has a smooth pleasant taste
a metallic noise sounds like pieces of metal hitting each other; a metallic
colour shines like metal
muffled sounds cannot be heard clearly, for example because they come
from behind a door or wall
a musty room, house or object has an unpleasant smell, because it is old
and has not had any fresh air for a long time
having a strong taste or smell
a resonant sound is deep, loud and clear, and continues for a long time
a savoury smell or taste is strong and pleasant but is not sweet
a shrill sound is very high and unpleasant
soft, smooth, and shiny like silk; a silky voice is gentle, and is used
especially when trying to persuade someone to do something
juicy and good to eat

having a surface that is not smooth

to make a very loud unpleasant noise
extremely frightening

covered in coloured marks

bristly hair is short and stiff

having a lot of small lines or folds

if a metal object clanks, it makes a loud heavy sound
if heavy hard objects clatter, or if you clatter them, they make a loud
unpleasant noise
very loud
soft and woolly, or looking soft and woolly
having a pleasantly spicy taste
made brighter by light from the stars
tall, thin and graceful
to achieve an agreement after everyone involved accepts less than what
they wanted at first
a willingness between two people or groups to understand each other, and
to let each other have or do some of the things they want
to allow someone to have something in order to end an argument or a
disagreement
to refuse to change your mind about something, even though other people
are trying to persuade you that you are wrong
to refuse to do something in spite of other people’s efforts to persuade you

to agree on an amount that is exactly between two amounts that have been
mentioned
something that one person or group in a business deal or political agreement
has, that can be used to gain an advantage in the deal
to identify facts, features or beliefs that are shared by people or things that
are very different
to finally resolve a disagreement which could not be settled

groundbreaking work involves making new discoveries, using new methods

etc.
having a great influence or effect
actions that are futile are useless because they have no chance of being
successful
a worthless person has no good qualities or useful skills
made to feel less important or valuable than you really are
someone who is indispensable is so important or useful that it is impossible
to manage without them
more important than anything else in a situation, system etc.
important or interesting enough to deserve your attention
too slight or unimportant to have any effect
not important in a particular situation

an important event, decision, problem etc. has a big effect or influence on

people’s lives or on events in the future
very important or necessary
not as important as other things or people in a particular activity, idea or
situation
not as good or important as some people think or say

completely failing to notice or realise something

so full that the liquid or material inside flows over the edges
not as important as other things or people in (a particular activity, idea or
situation)
extremely important and necessary for (something to succeed or exist)
known about by many people in many places because of (a particular
feature)
unnecessary for

something that is invisible to someone cannot be seen by that person

not suffering from (something)
reminding you of (something)

not having enough of (something) or any of it

likely to do (something) or suffer from (something), especially something bad
or harmful
depending on (something that may happen in the future)
so interested in (something) that you do not notice anything else

someone who is eligible for something is able or allowed to do it, for example
because they are the right age
calmly accepting (a situation that is bad, but that cannot be changed)
to be important or valuable
likely to suffer from (a particular illness) or be affected by (a particular
problem)
to give someone information about something
something that is soul-destroying is extremely boring or makes you feel very
unhappy
if you go back to the drawing board, you start again with a completely new
plan or idea, after the one you tried before has failed
to improve life for yourself after a bad experience

if something sinks without trace, it fails quickly or no one pays attention to it

if a joke, remark or performance falls flat, it fails to interest or amuse people

to try to do something that you probably cannot succeed in doing

to stop doing something that is failing, so that you do not waste any more
money, time or effort
your comfort zone is the range of activities or situations that you feel happy
and confident in
to avoid risks
to stop worrying about danger and to take a big risk

used to encourage someone to try to achieve something

frightening and dangerous in a way that is exciting
respectful of the law and obeying it

having a great influence or effect

a nerve-racking situation makes you feel very nervous or worried
seeming to continue for a very long time
a death-defying action is very dangerous
something that is soul-destroying is extremely boring or makes you feel very
unhappy
very impressive, exciting or surprising
making people think seriously about a particular subject

used to describe something or someone that has won a prize or money

developing good moral qualities
taking a long time to do

very physically demanding

very impressive or surprising
extremely impressive in a way that makes you feel great respect
food that is mouth-watering looks or smells extremely good
very clean and tidy
waste material that has been thrown away

dirt, mud or another sticky substance that makes something dirty

clean and likely to prevent bacteria, infections or disease from spreading

to rub (something) hard, especially with a stiff brush, in order to clean it

to clean something with a chemical that destroys bacteria
pieces of waste material, paper etc.
something that is pristine is in the same condition as when it was first made

to make (yourself or something) look neater and tidier

broken pieces of wood and other things from a wrecked ship, floating in the
sea or scattered on the shore
the parts of something that are left after the rest has been destroyed or has
disappeared
completely clean
to be unable to do something because you are doing something else

to be very busy, so that you cannot do anything else

to hurt you or cause problems for you
to be involved in a situation or activity that is too difficult for you to
understand or deal with
if a problem crops up, it happens or appears suddenly and in an unexpected
way
very busy or full of activity
very important and needing to be dealt with immediately
to not be someone’s responsibility any more

to have a lot of problems to deal with or a large amount of work to do

to go somewhere for a short time

to have an enormous amount of work that you need to complete, especially
work that should already have been completed
to have more work than you can deal with
not in the same direction as someone is going
a time that is not convenient

because of things relating to the private areas of your life

used to describe the cause, idea, reason etc. that is the most important,
although it is not easily noticed
if something such as an event or a message resonates, it seems important
or good to people
to be related to in some way
the conditions or situation in which something happens
to repeat an idea or opinion because you agree with it

to be caused by something or start from something

to produce a strong feeling or memory in someone
to show or be a sign of a particular situation or feeling
a process in which everything that happens causes something else to
happen
if one thing mirrors another, it is very similar to it and may seem to copy or
represent it
to discuss or think about (something) carefully
to make as much use as possible of the ideas, experience, knowledge etc.
that a group of people has
when a government has a deliberate policy of trying to reduce the amount of
money it spends
a very low level of income that allows people to eat but not have any extra
things
downtrodden people are treated badly and without respect by people who
have power over them
not satisfied with your government, leader etc., and therefore no longer loyal
to them or no longer believing they can help you
a place that gives food to poor people

a system or arrangement that exists to help you if you have serious

problems or get into a difficult situation
the attitudes and practices that prevent particular groups from getting high-
level jobs, even though there are no actual laws or rules to stop them

treating a person or a group of people differently from other people, in an

unfair way
involving or including people or ideas from many different countries, races or
religions
unfair treatment of people, or violence against them, because they belong to
a different race from your own
when help, advice or other services are provided for people who would not
otherwise get these services easily
if a person or a group of people is marginalised, they are regarded as
unimportant and powerless in an unfair way
someone who lives in an empty building or on a piece of land without
permission and without paying rent
the official right to have or do something, or the amount that you have a right
to receive
a taboo subject, word, activity etc. is one that people avoid because it is
extremely offensive or embarrassing
language, behaviour and attitudes that are politically correct are carefully
chosen so that they do not offend or insult anyone
to do what you have to do or are asked to do
a very strict punishment for breaking a law, rule or legal agreement
to control or limit (something) in order to prevent it from having a harmful
effect
to limit or control the size, amount or range of (something)
to break (a law, rule or agreement)
if someone or something bad they have done goes unpunished, they are not
punished
without official approval or permission
to accept the bad results of something you have done
to disobey or do something against (an official agreement, law, principle etc.)

to accept or be threatened with a form of punishment that can be used if

someone disobeys a rule or law
to say that (something) must not be done, seen, used etc.
when you deliberately avoid doing something that you should do, or paying
an amount of money that you should pay
to legally prevent money in a bank from being spent, property from being
sold etc.
to carefully watch and check the ideas, facts or opinions that are contained
in a speech, piece of writing, film, programme etc.
used to describe a system, industry or organisation that controls itself, rather
than having an independent organisation or laws to make sure that rules are
obeyed
a short song used in advertisements

a statement made by a famous person in an advertisement saying that they

like and use a particular product
a product such as a record, book or toy that is related to a new film, TV show
etc.
the practice of ordering or buying goods on the internet and then picking
them up from a shop
a system where you use a handset to scan goods as you shop, then pay for
them at the checkout
a type of advertising used by internet companies in which computer users
pass on advertising messages or images through email, sometimes without
realising that they are doing this
a short film that advertises an event or product
selling a product or service that does not have many buyers, but that may
provide good profits for companies that sell it
a short phrase that is easy to remember and is used in advertisements, or by
politicians, organisations etc.
a way of allowing a customer to give a product back to a shop and receive
their money back without having to give a specific reason
food that is bland has very little taste
very attractive and interesting, in a way that holds your attention
a catchy tune or phrase is easy to remember
moving or doing things in a careless way, especially so that you drop things,
knock into things etc.
too silly and repeated too often to be funny or interesting
right for a particular situation or occasion
able to think of new, different or interesting ideas
not like anything known before, and unusual or interesting
unusual, especially in an interesting way
not special or interesting in any way

extremely unpleasant, in a way that almost makes you feel sick

food that is stale is no longer fresh or good to eat; if you get stale, you have
no new ideas, interest or energy, because you have been doing the same
thing for too long
a situation or experience that is surreal is very strange and difficult to
understand, like something from a dream
using words in a clever and amusing way
to receive strong criticism (about something)
to want very much to have or achieve something, or to be determined to do
something
a situation in which there are a lot of dangers and difficulties, and it is difficult
to make the right decision
something that seems to be good, but that can have a bad effect
to be doing something extremely well
someone or something with very little chance of success

very angry and ready to argue or fight

to refuse to change your mind about something, even though other people
are trying to persuade you that you are wrong
to try to do something that you probably cannot succeed in doing
in a straight line
to avoid (someone or something unpleasant or difficult)
to have a relaxing holiday

to go where people generally go, or do the same thing that most other
people are doing, without really thinking about it for yourself – used to show
disapproval
to do what you are sure is right, although you cannot give a reason for it

the countryside far away from buildings and cities

to go somewhere by a longer way than usual, especially one that goes
through beautiful or interesting areas
a long way from the nearest big town
a place that is a long way from other places and is difficult to get to
to go back exactly the way you have come
if a boat capsizes, or if you capsize it, it turns over in the water
to hit something or someone that is moving in a different direction from you

full of traffic
a situation in which streets in a city are so full of cars that they cannot move

of an aircraft or pilot, prevented from flying

a road, path or area that is impassable is impossible to travel along or
through
the tired and confused feeling that you can get after flying a very long
distance, especially because of the difference in time between the place you
left and the place you arrived at
a small hole made accidentally in a tyre
if an engine or part of a machine seizes up, its moving parts stop working
and can no longer move, for example because of lack of oil
if someone is shipwrecked, they are in a boat or ship when it is destroyed in
an accident
a person or vehicle that is stranded is unable to move from the place where
they are
a vehicle that has been so badly damaged that it can never be used again

a clever but dishonest way to get money

to realise that (someone) is trying to deceive you
not true or real, although someone is trying to make you think it is
to be completely deceived by someone who lies to you
a clever trick used to deceive someone
a clever and dishonest way of tricking someone so that you can get an
advantage
someone who deceives someone in order to get money from them

too ready to believe what other people tell you, so that you are easily tricked

able to deal with the dangerous situations and people that are common in
some cities and towns
showing the ability to make good judgements, especially about art, music,
style etc.
to persuade (someone) to do something, especially something wrong or
dangerous, by making it seem attractive or exciting
to trick or deceive (someone)
to charge (someone) too much money for something, or sell someone a
product that is faulty
giving careful attention to what is happening, so that you will notice any
danger or illegal activity
to claim (to be or do something), even if this is not true
a trick to get someone’s money or make them do something

someone who tricks or deceives people in order to get money from them

honest and legal

to try to deceive or harm (weaker people)

a person, group or organisation that owes money

property or other goods that you promise to give someone if you cannot pay
back the money they lend you
to fail to pay money that you owe at the right time
a person, bank or company that you owe money to

to take back (cars, furniture or property) from people who had arranged to
pay for them over a long time, but cannot now continue to pay for them

a judgement made by a bank or other company about how likely a person or

business is to pay their debts
to decrease in value or price
to gradually become more valuable over a period of time
things that an individual or a company owns, that can be sold to pay debts

an organisation that makes investments for people and organisations with

large amounts of money, in ways that often involve big risks
to buy goods, property, shares in a company etc., hoping that you will make
a large profit when you sell them
to officially say that (a debt) no longer has to be paid, or officially accept that
you cannot get back (money you have spent or lost)
an official document promising that a government or company will pay back
money that it has borrowed, often with interest
products that are bought and sold

a type of financial investment

the equal parts into which the ownership of a company is divided
involved in a situation or activity that is too difficult for you to understand or
deal with
not having the slightest ability or skill to do a job properly
a natural ability or skill in (a particular occupation, skill etc.)
a level of skill at doing something that you are born with
if you are rusty, you are not as good at something as you used to be,
because you have not practised it for a long time
having no understanding or knowledge of something – used to show
disapproval
someone with many different skills

someone who is versatile has many different skills

to do (something) well, even if it is the first time you have tried

unable to use a computer
knowing a lot about modern technology and how to use it

someone who has no experience in a skill, subject or activity

to learn the most important and necessary facts about something, from
which other possibilities and ideas may develop
to manage something at a basic level
able to do (something) well or skilfully
an accomplished writer, painter, singer etc. is very skilful
good at (something that needs care and skill)
someone who is good at doing something without having to try hard or
practise
not good at doing something
proof that a statement or a charge made against you is false

a set of reasons that show that the opposite is true, right etc., based on an
argument that has been presented
a vote taken by counting the raised hands of the people at a meeting
the ability to use speech or writing in special ways in order to persuade
people or to produce an impressive effect
the most important ideas contained in an argument or piece of writing

expressing your ideas and opinions well, especially in a way that influences
people
if a piece of writing, set of ideas etc. is presented coherently, it is easy to
understand because it is clear and reasonable
questions asked by the people attending a public meeting
the position of being in charge of a meeting or committee, or the person who
is in charge of it
a proposal that is made formally at a meeting, and then is usually decided on
by voting
the basic rules or principles on which future actions or behaviour should be
based
to say that (a statement) is wrong or unfair
to influence (someone) so that they change their opinion
used to say that somethinɡ you did or said made you very embarrassed

to make someone laugh a lot in an uncontrollable way

to feel very nervous before doing something
to feel upset, shocked or frightened by something that has happened to you

to get very angry

to feel extremely happy
to feel slightly unhappy because you feel different from the rest of a group of
people and cannot share their fun, conversation etc.
to do something stupid that you feel embarrassed about afterwards and that
makes you seem silly
to be very angry and ready to argue or fight
to be very happy
too eager to tell people what to do – used to show disapproval
believing that you will not succeed
not polite, and not showing respect for other people
slightly confused, embarrassed or worried
very angry

doing things too quickly without thinking

too eager to get money and unwilling to give any of it away or spend it

joking or humorous

feeling so guilty about something that you cannot think about anything else

someone who helps people who are in bad situations, but who is annoying
because their help is not needed – used to show disapproval
feeling sad and disappointed, especially because you have tried to achieve
something but have failed
someone who wants to have a lot of power for themselves and enjoys
having control over other people’s lives
used to say it is easier to know the right thing to do after something has
happened
to happen or develop in a particular way
to almost do (something) but then decide not to do it

to think about (a difficult decision) very carefully and with a lot of effort
if you are torn between things, people or actions, you are unable to decide
what to do because you have different feelings or different things that you
want
to consider something carefully so that you can make a decision about it

to be in a difficult situation or have a difficult problem, especially one in which

you cannot decide what to do
after thinking carefully about something
feeling bad-tempered and easily annoyed

when the sky is full of clouds and the sun is not bright, or when something is
boring or lacking in colour
unreasonably impatient and angry behaviour, like a child’s

having frequent changes from good to bad temper

a bad, ugly or unpleasant situation

calm behaviour, not seeming interested in anything or worried about
anything
rude and offensive language

the process of getting rid of something such as a disease or a social problem

taking action or making changes that you have officially decided should
happen
not thinking about the needs and feelings of other people, especially
because you are thinking about what you want
to try to avoid being noticed or getting involved in something
used to say that there are likely to be more difficulties before things improve

to avoid risks

to do something that could have a very dangerous or harmful result

to be in a situation where there is a possibility that something bad could
happen to you
to do something risky after thinking carefully about what might happen
if the coast is clear, it is safe for you to do something without being seen or
caught
to be careful about what you say or how you behave
a phone call with two or more people who can hear but cannot see each
other
a telephone connection that uses wires, as opposed to a mobile phone
to make the sound of (something) quieter, or make it disappear completely

if you are on hold, you are waiting to talk to someone on the telephone
the act of receiving radio, television or other signals, or the quality of signals
you receive
a series of light waves, sound waves etc. that carry an image, sound or
message, for example in radio or television
a telephone that contains a microphone and a loudspeaker, so that you can
use it without holding it. Speakerphones are especially used in business
meetings when groups of people in different places want to talk to each
other.
a written message that is sent or received on a mobile phone or pager
a phone call with two or more people who are able to see each other while
they speak
a system which lets people leave recorded messages for you on your
telephone when you are unable to answer it, or one of these messages
making repeated short sounds like something burning in a fire
a sound that you hear again after a loud noise, because it was made near
something such as a wall
muffled sounds cannot be heard clearly, for example because they come
from behind a door or wall
if a phone cuts out, it suddenly stops working properly and you cannot hear
the person speaking
if the sound of a person speaking breaks up, you can only hear parts of it

a spoken or written piece of information left by a computer or a machine

rather than a person
in an unsatisfactory or unsuccessful way

in a way that is easy to see, hear or understand

very carefully
satisfactorily but not especially well

continuing without stopping

in a great and sudden way
in a way that is correct for the social situation you are in, and that shows you
are careful to consider other people’s needs and feelings
without being able to stop
without any interest or excitement
angrily and silently, especially because you feel life has been unfair to you

in a way that shows you are not being serious about something that other
people think you should be serious about
making you feel a desire to have or do something

in a very wrong, immoral or unfair way

in a way that involves arguing a lot and getting very angry
with an expression that shows that someone does not seem to be thinking
about anything
bravely, with a lot of risk
cruelly, without any pity
it is being said
guessing someone’s real feelings from something they say or write, when
they do not tell you directly
to hear about something because the information has been passed from one
person to another in conversation
to understand a situation in completely the wrong way

to suggest or ask for something in an indirect way, hoping that the person
you are talking to will understand what you mean
to guess the meaning of something you have heard or seen
changing what you say according to who you are talking to, in a way that is
insincere and unpleasant – used to show disapproval
particularly interesting information that is passed from one person to another
about other people’s behaviour and private lives, often including unkind or
untrue remarks
used to say that you know something, but you will not say how you found out

to not completely believe what someone tells you, because you know that
they do not always tell the truth
to become known about or used very quickly or by more and more people

to make (a bad situation, an illness or an injury) worse

to make (something) less painful or difficult to deal with
to make (someone or something) beautiful
to make (a difficult situation) worse by adding more problems
to become worse
to improve (something)
to make (a bad situation) worse
to make it easier for (a process or activity) to happen
to make it difficult for someone to do something
to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed
to damage (something) or make it not as good as it should be
to correct (something that is wrong)
to gradually make (someone or something) less strong or effective
very dry, especially because of hot weather
covered with plants that have grown in an uncontrolled way
cold and without any pleasant or comfortable features

forested areas are covered in forests

moving or shaped like waves that are rising and falling

a picturesque place is pretty and interesting in an old-fashioned way

a sheer drop, cliff, slope etc. is very steep and almost vertical
a place that is windswept is often windy because there are not many trees or
buildings to protect it
land or soil that is barren has no plants growing on it
a mountain that is craggy is very steep and covered in rough rocks
arid land or an arid climate is very dry because it has very little rain
a skill needed to do a particular job

the state of having skills or qualities that are necessary to get a job
the ability to change in order to be successful in new and different situations

the ability or opportunity to make your own decisions without being controlled
by anyone else
the ability to think quickly and make good judgements in a business situation

the ability to consider an issue carefully and objectively

the skills required for someone to start a new business or arrange business
deals
a desire to constantly learn and improve

determination to keep trying to achieve something in spite of difficulties

the belief that you have the ability to do things well or deal with situations
successfully in the context of your working life
the ability to become strong, happy or successful again after a difficult
situation or event
the degree to which someone can suffer pain, difficulty etc. without being
harmed or damaged
the state of being unclear, confusing or not certain, or things that produce
this effect
the limits of what is known about something

the greatest possible amount of something that can exist or be obtained

the limit of what is acceptable or thought to be possible

to use (something) fully and effectively

to use (something that is available to you) for a practical purpose

to control and use the natural force or power of (something)
at the newest and most exciting stage of development

using the most modern and recently developed methods, materials or

knowledge
groundbreaking work involves making new discoveries, using new methods
etc.
first to discover or develop new methods of doing something
completely new and different, especially in a way that leads to great
improvements
introducing new and better methods or ideas for the first time
to become popular and fashionable
to become very successful or very strong and healthy
to develop well and be successful
to make (a later event or development) possible by producing the right
conditions
to be a sign of (something that is going to come or happen soon)
to lead (an attack or organized action)
to make (an improvement or change) happen faster
to be more successful than (other people, companies or countries) in a
particular activity
the time when something began or first appeared
a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular
qualities
just the idea or thought of
to like or love a plan or suggestion for a possible course of action, especially
one that you think of suddenly
used when you cannot understand why someone has done something

used to ask who thought of a very clever idea, often used in a joking way to
mean a very stupid idea or action
to give someone a general understanding of what will happen
to think about a possibility, usually for a short time and not very seriously

to discuss each other’s ideas and think of good new ones

to develop as a result of an idea
to not know anything at all about something
to think of an idea

not resembling the image in your mind of what something is like or should be
like
a slightly crazy plan

the first stage of a process of development or change

to throw small blocks of wood, plastic etc. that have six sides with a different
number of spots on each side, as part of a game
if two or more people take turns doing work, using something etc., they do it
one after the other, for example in order to share the work or play fairly

with the face or front towards the sky, so that you can see it
to win points in a sport, game, competition or test
what you eventually and most importantly hope to achieve
to mix (playing cards) into a different order before playing a game with them

with the face or front towards the ground, so that you cannot see it
to give playing cards to each of the players in a game
to put (something) somewhere, especially with care
in a game, if you take someone or something, you win or gain control over
them/it
to turn (a page in a book or a sheet of paper) to the opposite side
an occasion when a car or a piece of machinery breaks and stops working

a secret warning or piece of information, especially one given to the police

about illegal activities
an increase over a period of time
a friendly informal meeting or party
something you say suddenly that expresses a strong emotion, especially
anger
the beginning of an event or process
action that is taken to deal more strictly with crime, a problem, protests etc.

a mistake that causes confusion about details or arrangements

an occasion when you admit that you were wrong

a product that is designed to be used with another product

an argument etc. that is compelling makes you feel certain that something is
true or that you must do something about it
sensible or good, and likely to produce the right results
making you believe that something is true or right
a dishonest trick or unusual thing that you do to make people notice
someone or something – used to show disapproval
spoiled by having mistakes, weaknesses or by being damaged
in a way that seems to show a particular quality, although this is not true or
real
according to the way people or things seem
pleasant to look at
not having enough of something or any of it
a valid reason, argument etc. is based on what is reasonable or sensible

not well planned with regard to the possible results of something

to succeed in doing (something difficult)
to be less than the amount or standard that is needed or that you want
if a situation goes downhill, it gets worse

to be successful at something

to feel better quickly after being ill, or to become successful again after
failing or having been defeated
to spoil or ruin (something), especially something important or something
that has been carefully planned
if something you do pays off, it is successful or has a good result
if a plan or some work goes up in smoke, it fails or you cannot continue with
it
to not get something good, valuable etc. because someone else gets it
instead
to suddenly start being successful
Example
I felt too tired to go to a party, but decided to make the effort.
We’re trying to ɡive them a nudge towards a practical solution.

Have you had a chance to take a look at my proposal yet?

The sales department are going to spend next weekend in the mountains doing
some team building.

You go on a search for something to eat while I make a fire.

Working in an office, it’s hard to find time to get some exercise.
The race around the island will be held on 25th February.
We went for a hike up the mountain.
We were just having a chat when the fire alarm went off.
I’m going upstairs to have a lie-down.
Sit down and have a well-earned rest. I’ll make you a cup of tea.

You look as if you need to have a sit down.

She usually goes for a run before breakfast.
We went on a teambuilding course as part of our management training.

We often go for a stroll in the park in our lunch break.

Do you want me to give you some help?
They’ve been working since seven o’clock this morning. We need to give them a
break.
His colleagues gave him a very warm welcome when he returned to work.
I’ve been in a meeting for three hours. I need to get some fresh air.
The conference started with a short film to get people talking.
To get the benefits of the exercise, you should continue for at least half an hour.

All players should attend the welcome meeting for the visiting team at their hotel.

Each year the school holds a singing competition.

My tutor holds at least three feedback sessions every term.

I’d like everyone to make a contribution towards the discussion.

She’s determined to make a success of her career.
The minister will make a statement on the floods tomorrow.
We’re hoping to do some rock climbing while we’re in Peru.

You’ll need to do plenty of preparation for your kayaking trip in Norway.

A bit more exercise would do you good.
Why don’t you take the initiative and organise the conference yourself?

Our school took the lead in using green energy – and encouraged all the other
local schools to do the same.
We will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams.

You need to have a thick skin if you work in customer service.

That noise is driving me up the wall.
 I wanted to argue, but I had to bite my tongue.

What really gets under my skin is people who push straight to the front of the
queue.
We took the children to the park so they could let off steam before the long car
journey.
Anderson lashed out at the media.
It is far better to cry than to bottle up your feelings.
Elena was really disappointed not to get the job, but she put a brave face on
things.
I was very angry, but I didn’t want to make a scene at my daughter’s school.

Why don’t you tell me what happened? You might feel better if you get it off your
chest.
You need to take a step back from all the problems at work if you want to find a
solution.
I saw their suffering, and it really put my own problems into perspective.

Last time I saw Mike Adams he completely blanked me.

Cyberbullying has become such a problem that the school has got the police
involved.
Children as young as ten have been flaming other students.

She was still ranting about the unfairness of it all.

Some people go on internet forums and troll complete strangers, just for fun.

If you’re looking for good local hiking trails, bookmark this website.

The zoo has a video feed where you can find out the latest on the tiger cubs.

The bank’s new website has made navigation much easier.

Have you seen that meme where the baby panda sneezes?

You can use the university library portal to access a range of academic journals.

I don’t buy many DVDs these days; I prefer to stream films.

I’m thinking of changing my service provider; this one is offering increased

bandwidth.
Search for the hashtag #schoolshoes to follow our campaign.

The news page feeds continuously with new information.

This feature allows you to browse your hard drive and choose the graphic you
want to display.
Today’s news story explains why that politician’s name is trending on the
internet.
Visit our site to find more ideas for entertaining your kids in the school holidays.

I’m fed up of getting phone calls from pushy salesmen.

Those party decorations look really tacky.

I’ve had glowing reports from Neil about your work.

She had saved a modest amount of money.
The government has introduced a tax on sugary drinks.
Samir’s adoring aunt bought him this train set.
House prices in this area are outrageous.
Some die-hard film photographers refuse to use a digital camera.
I try to stay fit, but I’m not obsessive about it.

I had to sit next to a screaming baby for an eight-hour flight.

His idea got only a lukewarm response from the committee.

His new musical received gushing praise from the New York critics.

Good information is essential if people are to make informed choices about

services.
He supplements his meagre income by working on Saturdays.

Moderate exercise, such as walking, is recommended.

He has learned a phenomenal amount in the last two years.
What this country needs is firm leadership.

His doting big sister used to do everything for him.

My family were very supportive while I was doing my exams.

There are some good educational board games available.

They keep their boat in a flimsy wooden building.

Bamboo is an excellent building material: cheap, sustainable and surprisingly

durable.
The cookbook contains many simple yet highly nutritious meals.

Sushi is served in convenient bite-size pieces.

Processed foods often contain artificial colourings and flavourings.

Blind rage took hold of him.

Her driving ambition led to her becoming CEO of the company at only 35 years
of age.
Jack has a consuming hatred for cats.
Her not-so-subtle approach was simply to tell him she didn’t love him any more.

Our house will be fully paid-for next year, when our mortgage comes to an end.

Their team put in a better-than-expected performance and the result was two
goals all.
Stella has a take-it-or-leave it attitude towards selling her car.
Our local Indian restaurant has an all-you-can-eat buffet every Sunday
lunchtime.
We’ve been offered a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to spend two months in New
Zealand.
Despite last night’s scare, journalists showed a business-as-usual attitude to
work today.
People attending the festival complained about the poorly-thought-out traffic
control.
Their first album was quite good, but the second was very middle-of-the-road
stuff.
Tariq is always fun at parties, with his larger-than-life personality.

Gabi is well-known for making off-the-cuff jokes when you least expect them.

Nottingham is odds-on favourite to win the championship.

She’s just bought a state-of-the-art laptop.

It was a run-of-the-mill seminar. I didn’t really learn anything new.

The charity launched a campaign to boost its ever-dwindling resources.
The company is offering an across-the-board pay increase.
Most of the students at the school come from well-to-do families.
Travel for pleasure was almost unheard of until the 19th century.

At the hotel, I made the acquaintance of a young American actor.

As I walked onto the stage, my heart began to race and my mind went blank.

I thought I’d pick Greg’s brains about what to take with us.

This game is a great ice-breaker at the beginning of a course.

Soo Jung’s arrival broke the ice and people began to talk and laugh.
When I first met Mario’s parents, there was a very frosty atmosphere.
Her younger brother hovered in the background watching us.

She was eager to mingle with the other guests.

My parents first met when a mutual acquaintance invited them both to dinner.

We exchanged a few pleasantries while we were waiting for the lecture to begin.

 We stood around making small talk in the hotel lobby.

The downward trend in population growth was not seen as a problem.
He succeeded in reversing the downward trend of the railway’s fortunes.
The region reached a tipping point when the largest coal mine closed.

The stormy weather looks set to continue into next week.

The treatment of diabetes passed a significant milestone with the introduction of
smartwatch monitors.
These elections marked the start of a new democratic era.
Business confidence is on the up.
The city reverted to its former name of St Petersburg.
Larger corporations are setting the trend for better paternity benefits.
Early results of trials of the new vaccine are looking promising.
The wind turbine plan will go ahead if local farmers get on board with the idea.

Would the sales department be willing to accept a lower bonus this year?
Briggs was completely at odds with his colleagues.
So far, the suggestion for a new curriculum has received some pushback from
headteachers.
The new system for flexible working hours has come up against some resistance
from employees.
Teachers need to be open to children’s ideas.
It is difficult to take issue with his analysis.
Sarah was loath to tell her mother what had happened.
I would be happy to go along with the idea of advertising online.
His fundraising idea met with only a lukewarm response from the committee.

It is not unusual to be offered a zero-hours contract in the catering industry.

If you have a problem, the first person to speak to is your line manager.

If we work on Saturday morning, we’ll be given extra time off in lieu of payment.

Economists use universal basic income for the purposes of analysis, but it is
unlikely that it will ever become a reality.
The company was cutting costs, so I was scared I’d get the push.
The finance director pulled rank and refused to authorise the purchase order.

Examples of gross misconduct are theft, damage to property or drunkenness

during working hours.
Employees will get two weeks of severance pay for every year of service.

The quality control process includes annual staff appraisals.

The disciplinary procedure resulted in two doctors losing their jobs.

I wish the head of our department would get on with her own work and stop
trying to micro-manage all the sales executives.
Teaching assistants are usually paid pro rata, to take account of the school
holidays.
I’ve been having a few problems with my car.
Many smaller radio stations broadcast on archaic equipment.
We moved house yesterday, so everything is still quite chaotic.

He’s finding it difficult to get a job.

A series of penny-pinching governments have damaged the country’s health
service.
Carla has a wonderful collection of vintage motorbikes.
A small car is more economical to run.
The minister used his speech to highlight the issue of global warming.

There’s a very relaxed atmosphere in the school.

Teaching young children is a challenging and rewarding job.
Homeworkers are sometimes exploited by employers.

The factory employs over 2,000 people.

The hotel is situated next to the lively bustling port.

The town centre often gets quite rowdy on a Friday night.

We had dinner in a charming little Italian restaurant.
The warehouse was very run-down, with broken windows and a leaking roof.
A mob of a few hundred demonstrators was blocking the main street.
A large crowd had gathered to watch the procession go past.

Property is cheaper in Spain than here.

This is a top-quality TV at a very affordable price.
You need to be firm with her or she’ll try to take advantage of you.

Harsh measures were taken against the protesters.

Heavy traffic is causing delays on the motorway.
Violent crime is rife in our inner cities.
The protesters were hell bent on destroying the statues.

The article warns of impending changes in government legislation.

Less crime is committed by women than men.

The new well provides the village with an abundant supply of fresh water.

Tourism generates income for local communities.

Both sides claim to be fully committed to making the peace process succeed.

Surgeons performed an emergency operation.

The outcome of the upcoming election is by no means certain.
It was almost impossible to explain my point of view because people kept butting
in.
Why don’t you have a heart-to-heart with him and sort out your problems?

We sat around having a chit chat while we waited for the internet connection to
be restored.
The minister ended his speech by reiterating the most important points.

I got tired of him going on about all his problems.

Let’s stay with the topic and not go off on a tangent.

We still have to get together and thrash out the details.

I’m fed up with you two talking shop. We were supposed to be having a coffee
and a chat!
If there’s a problem, a sensitive child is likely just to clam up.
Whenever I see my cousins, we immediately start up the usual easy banter.

I’m not sure whether I dare broach the subject of his latest film – it wasn’t a huge
success.
I would like a chance to confer with my colleagues before giving you my final
answer.
It had never occurred to Tariq that he might lose his job.
Two questions spring to mind, now that you’ve mentioned going on holiday.

It dawned on me that Lara had been right all along.

Let’s bounce a few ideas around and see if we can come up with a plan for the
festival.
Dex had a bright idea about our advertising strategy.
You don’t have to invite them … it was just a passing thought.
There seems to be a problem with every plan we’ve discussed; I’m out of ideas
now!
What gave you the idea for the book?

I’ve had a brainwave! Let’s go this weekend instead.

The charity has used studies of the macroeconomics of several west African
countries to create this model.
The microeconomics of the property sector reflects the state of the national
economy.
Macrobiology is an important topic in this term’s module about ecosystems.

The study of bacteria and how they develop is a valuable field within
microbiology.
Economic uncertainty is increasing at macro level: there are fears of a worldwide
recession.
Let’s consider the offenders at micro level, within their usual social setting.
My mother-in-law is hypercritical: she complains even when we turn up five
minutes late.
It’s hypocritical of Sue to go to Tom’s party when she can’t stand him.
The doctor told Jorge that losing weight might help reduce his hypertension.

Patients who suffer from hypotension are more prone to faint.

The organisation regulates international trade.
Trade may worsen intranational inequality, leading to increased stress and
adverse impacts on mortality.
We do most of our shopping on the internet.

Information about the company’s updated data protection policy will be

circulated via the intranet.
The police arrested them on the interstate highway, just before they crossed into
Arizona.
The governor announced that intrastate travel would be restricted due to the
floods.
We need to reduce the amount of salt in our diet.
The factory produces an incredible 100 cars per hour.
Zara rejected her brother’s offer of help.
Total expenditure is projected to rise by 25%.

These groups must renounce violence if there is to be progress towards peace.

How do you pronounce your name?

The two countries signed a bilateral agreement.
The peace talks eventually resulted in a multilateral treaty.
The complicated multipart devices are assembled in two separate factories.
The bipolar space race developed into international collaboration.
Over the years, the festival has become more international and now reflects
today’s multipolar and multicultural world.
Louis is virtually bilingual in Dutch and German.
The report recommended multilingual education in schools.
Footballers are often criticised for being overpaid, but their careers are usually
very short.
Postal workers are threatening to strike on the basis of being underpaid.
Many overachievers suffer from stress in their early thirties.

The school runs an after-school club to support underachievers with their

homework.
I’ve always felt he is overrated as an actor.
You really should read this novel; I think it’s underrated by the critics.
The beef was overdone.
I prefer lamb a little underdone.
While in hospital, Jimal took stock of his life.

The flavour was hard to pin down.

If we can’t identify the root cause of the problem, we’re never going to be able to
resolve it.
He’s mulling over the proposals before making any changes.

She had misinterpreted his silence as anger.

He seemed to have an intuitive awareness of how I felt.

Employees get together and brainstorm ideas, some of which get developed and
some don’t.
Never underestimate the power of the press.

I have been wrestling with this problem for quite some time.
I’ve been at work for ten hours now and I’m starting to get befuddled.
We’ve been going round in circles ever since the interviews. Which candidate is
best for the job?
Perplexed investors tried to work out what the deal meant.
The question left me completely baffled.
The jury deliberated for four days before acquitting him.
He sat alone, ruminating on the injustice of the world.
He continued to ponder the problem as he walked home.
She immediately zeroed in on the weak point in his argument.
Investigators hope to shed light on what started the fire.

Sam’s behaviour could easily be misconstrued: he gets aggressive when he is

frightened.
I think Kim misread the situation: they were warning her, not threatening her.

I racked my brains, trying to remember his name.

Molly’s upstairs grappling with her maths homework.
We offer impartial advice on tax and insurance.

It’s just not realistic to expect a promotion so soon.

He refused to disclose the identity of the politician.

Apart from an unsubstantiated allegation of fraud ten years ago, he has a clean
record.
The evidence seemed very insubstantial until the main witness spoke.
The police are examining CCTV footage to try to trace Jackson’s movements
that night.
The four accused men all deny murder.
The president narrowly escaped an assassination attempt.
The campaign was accused of character assassination because of its negative
adverts.
It would be bending the truth to say Rua is an experienced doctor: she’s in her
last year of medical school.
He was unable to give a credible explanation for his behaviour.
She did a creditable job of impersonating the singer.
Was the prime minister’s much-reported illness a publicity stunt?
One possible interpretation is that they want you to resign.

Military leaders are seeking to improve the interplay between their troops and
civilian populations.
The president has been fully briefed on the current situation at the airport.

It was disclosed that £3.5 million was needed to modernise the building.

García offered little evidence to substantiate his claims.

These statistics grossly misrepresent the reality.

This article is a blatant attempt to smear the party leadership.

The Education Secretary is planning to pitch the new curriculum to headteachers

at the conference.
I don’t want to probe too deeply into your personal affairs.

The enquiry unearthed some disturbing evidence.

The report exposes the weaknesses of modern medical practice.

Always proofread your assignments carefully before submitting them.

The media often sensationalise crime.

He accused other scientists of plagiarising his research.

The reason for the CEO’s resignation is now as clear as day.

There was something about the man that worried Sutton, but he couldn’t put his
finger on it.
The instructions on the packet are crystal clear.
The document, written in plain English, tells you about your new policy.
The instructions for my new smartwatch are as clear as mud.
Voters suspected a hidden political agenda.

He had a panic attack while he was waitinɡ to board the plane.

His son’s death was the most traumatic event in Marek’s life.

Drops in stock market prices are bringing investors out in a cold sweat.
Asking the bank for a loan is a daunting prospect.

My stomach was churning on the day of the exam.

Stella can’t concentrate on her work; her fear of flying has a debilitating effect on
her.
I get a buzz out of riding a powerful motorbike.

The feeling of power gave me such a rush.

She enjoyed the exhilaration of jet-skiing.

Even though I’ve been acting for years, I still get a thrill out of going on stage.

Jerry’s quite self-conscious about the scar on his face.

Self-contained flats are available to all postgraduates.

It took a lot of self-control to not let the children see how angry I was.

Doug is a quiet, self-effacing man so he asked his daughter to collect the award
on his behalf.
Playing a sport can boost a teenager’s self-esteem.

The TV controls are pretty self-explanatory.

It feels self-indulgent spending so much on a pair of shoes.

Stress is often self-inflicted.

My cousin had become a self-made millionaire by the time she was 35.

There was a note of self-pity in his voice when he gave his farewell speech.

According to the report, poor health and poverty are self-reinforcing problems.
Our aim is to teach our son to become an independent self-reliant adult.

Tadz is a vegetarian, but she’s not at all self-righteous about it.

Many parents are self-sacrificing when it’s a question of their children’s needs.

He was caring for his parents out of a sense of duty rather than love.

She’s well qualified but has no relevant prior work experience.

My son and his friends are being charged an exorbitant rent for their student flat
– and the shower doesn’t even work!

The charity puts students and elderly people in touch with each other, for mutual
support and friendship.
Older people are an untapped resource in the employment market.
I’m saving money on a regular basis.
Now that Ted is on his own, he struggles with household chores such as
washing and ironing clothes.
Population growth has a profound impact on world food demand.
There was muted agreement from most of the people in the room.
Istanbul is a vibrant, fascinating city.
Russia has a rich literary tradition.
I caught a fleeting glimpse of them as they drove past.
Some of the photos were so fuzzy it was hard to tell who was who.
He had a vivid picture of her in his mind.

When the wind is from the west, we often get obnoxious odours from the paper
factory.
At the weekend, if Arthur gets up before me, I wake up to the aroma of fresh
coffee.
I still have a crystal-clear memory of the day our eldest son was born.
She showed me a few blurry photos of their holiday.
Cook the pastry until it is crisp and golden.

I could just make out the faint outline of the cliffs.

Cream the butter and sugar until the mixture is light and fluffy.
Temperatures again have been in the 80s, and the humidity makes the hills look
hazy.
All the police have to go on is a grainy, indistinct video clip.

They serve a rich, mellow blend of coffee.

There was a metallic grey van parked outside the hotel.

We heard muffled shouts and screams from the bar below.

The library was full of musty old books which no one wanted to read.

The onion smell still lingered, sharp and pungent.

Billy's voice had a deep, resonant tone that was a pleasure to hear.
You can use this herb to flavour almost any savoury dish.
‘That’s not true,’ she protested in a shrill voice.
The treatment will leave your hair feeling soft and silky.

The chicken was golden and crispy on the outside and juicy and succulent
inside.
Do you prefer plain and smooth or textured wallpaper?
Horns blared in the street outside.
We were walking through the forest at night when we heard a bloodcurdling
howl.
Little Florence’s blotchy painting of a tiger is still on our fridge.
The rug in the classroom is rather bristly, so the children don’t like sitting on it.

The paper was brown and crinkly at the edges.

A tram clanked past.
The cups clattered as he pushed the tea trolley through the hospital ward.

There was an ear-splitting crack as the branch broke.

There was a pile of fleecy white towels in the hotel bathroom.
Rob served chicken with a piquant wild mushroom sauce.
It was a starlit night so we went for a walk along the beach.
She was pale and willowy, with green eyes.
After a bitter political fight, a compromise was finally reached.

In any relationship there has to be some give and take.

The UAE made some concessions on the price of oil.

Having made up his mind to resign, he stuck to his guns and refused the offer of
increased pay.
Lori dug her heels in and refused to pay the bill.

OK, let’s split the difference: I’ll give you £25.

The union is using the issues regarding overtime as a bargaining chip in the
wider pay negotiations.
Politicians and student unions have found a great deal of common ground on
this issue.
The health department has made a last-ditch effort to break the deadlock in talks
regarding nurses’ pay.
The team continues its groundbreaking research into the causes of leukaemia.

The country carried out far-reaching reforms to modernise its economy.

Firefighters made a futile attempt to save the paintings from the flames.

His parents had made him feel worthless.

Parents who stay at home and look after children often feel undervalued.
The two students have been indispensable – we wouldn’t have managed to run
the farm this summer without them.
These negotiations are pivotal to the success of the country.
The jury’s verdict was noteworthy for a number of reasons.
The damage done to his property was negligible.
If you sign a document, it is wholly immaterial whether you have read it carefully
or not.
The accident taught him an important lesson.

Advertising is a key element in the success of a product.

There was an interview with a politician who only had a peripheral role in the
negotiations.
The film was overrated by the media. The first one in the trilogy was much
better.
He was totally blind to his childrenˈs faults.
The waste bins were overflowing with plastic cups.
The romance is peripheral to the main plot of the film.

These measures are vital to national security.

France is famous for its cheese.

The studio’s make-up artist is superfluous to requirements, because the actor

has brought her own.
The plane is meant to be invisible to radar.
A lot of the patients are now free from symptoms.
I always find the sound of a solo saxophone reminiscent of my student days in
Vienna.
He was lacking in confidence.
Some plants are very prone to disease.

Further investment is contingent upon the company’s performance.

Dad was engrossed in the paper and didn’t notice that Billy had spilled his cereal
everywhere.
Students on a part-time course are not eligible for a loan.

She’s resigned to spending the holiday on her own.

His promises don’t count for much.
Older people are more susceptible to infections.

You need to acquaint the police with the facts.

Visiting my mother in hospital every day was soul-destroying.

The current system just isn’t working – we need to go back to the drawing board
and start afresh.
Nico was devastated when he didn’t get the job, but after a few days he picked
himself up and started applying for other jobs.
He recorded a few albums, which all sank without trace.

The headteacher’s attempt at a joke fell flat.

She was fighting a losing battle to stop herself from crying.

He decided to cut his losses and sell the business.
Kitesurfing is definitely going to take Dad out of his comfort zone!

Play it safe and make sure the eggs are thoroughly cooked.
Throwing caution to the winds, she swung around to face whoever was following
her.
If you really want the job, go for it!
There’s a hair-raising car chase in the middle of the film.
Most law-abiding citizens would never think of travelling without a train ticket.

Tourism has had far-reaching effects on the island’s culture.

Fran faced a nerve-racking wait for her test results.
Keeping the house clean is a never-ending battle.
They compete with death-defying dives from the top of the cliff.
Picking fruit all summer long was soul-destroying.

The view from my bedroom window was absolutely breath-taking.

I read a thought-provoking article about young professionals who feel isolated
and lonely.
I took Jed to an award-winning restaurant to celebrate his new job.
Rugby is a character-building sport.
Setting up the satellite equipment will be a complex and time-consuming
process.
Shifting all the rock was back-breaking work.
This mountainous region has jaw-dropping scenery.
His solo voyage across the Atlantic was awe-inspiring.
A mouth-watering aroma was coming from the kitchen.
Dan’s kitchen is always immaculate.
There is a refuse collection twice a week. You just need to put your bin out in
front of your house.
Come on, let’s wipe that muck off your face.
 An inspector ensures that food is prepared in hygienic conditions.

The table needs to be scrubbed clean.

Disinfect the area thoroughly once you have cleared away any food waste.
Clean the ventilation ducts to remove dust and insect debris.
The car has been restored to pristine condition.

The cottage had been spruced up a bit since her last visit.
He would walk along the beach collecting the flotsam and jetsam that had been
washed ashore.
On the table were the remains of the evening meal.

By the time she had finished cleaning, the house was absolutely spotless.
Rosie won’t be able to help me paint the living room because she is otherwise
engaged this weekend.
I can’t see you tomorrow – I’ll be tied up all day setting up the conference.
My knee’s been playing (me) up this week.
I felt completely out of my depth at the meeting.
Sorry, I’ll be late this evening because a problem has cropped up at work.

I’ve had a pretty hectic day: there were 12 unexpected bookings.

Health chiefs have called an urgent meeting to discuss the problem.
The matter is out of our hands now; you’ll have to speak to the police about it.

I don’t think we should ask Munir. He’s got a lot on his plate at the moment.

Leo has just popped out to get some milk.

Georgia’s been off sick for two weeks, so she’s got an almighty backlog to get
through.
The sales department is always snowed under at this time of year.
Do you mind dropping me off? Isn’t it out of your way?
This is an awkward moment because Mrs Parkes is on the phone. Would you
mind coming back in ten minutes?
Sandy won’t be able to attend the dinner for personal reasons.
Stress is the underlying cause of many illnesses.

Improving transport links is an idea that resonates with many voters in the north
of the country.
How does all this tie into their long-term aims?
The film portrays a love story set against a backdrop of war and despair.
The article simply echoed environmentalists’ concerns about greenhouse gases.

The bird’s behaviour is thought to spring from its need to protect its young.
His appearance is bound to evoke sympathy.
The drop in consumer spending reflects concern about the economy.
Rises in the price of fuel will have a knock-on effect on the cost of living.

Victor’s expression mirrored her own, both of them staring in amazement.

I’m going to explore the possibility of a part-time job.

The programme helps young people tap into training opportunities.

An austerity programme may help to restore economic stability, but it needs to

be balanced by social support.
Meals provided in schools are vital to families living on the breadline.

The report highlights that the factory workers are underpaid and downtrodden.

Disaffected young people from poor neighbourhoods are not motivated to vote in
the upcoming elections.
The supermarket encourages shoppers to donate a few extra items to the food
bank.
State support should provide a safety net for the very poor.

The appointment of the first female chief of police is an important step in

shattering the glass ceiling.

The company is now being investigated for discriminatory hiring practices.

The make-up of the senior governing body does not reflect the multicultural
society it represents.
Real progress cannot be made in wider society until we have addressed the
problem of racism in schools.
Outreach centres have been set up to offer long-term support to families who
lost their homes in the tsunami.
Many young people in inner city districts feel marginalised by society before they
even leave school.
Increasingly, empty office buildings are being occupied by squatters.

Do you need advice on your entitlement to state benefits?

Sometimes we need to talk about taboo subjects, so that we can address the
underlying issues.
Government leaflets are always full of politically correct phrases.

Failure to comply with the regulations will result in prosecution.

Drug dealers face severe penalties.
Measures to curb the spread of the virus were introduced too late.

The agreement will restrict competition.

The company accused him of breaching his contract.
An attack like that cannot go unpunished.

Unauthorised personnel are not allowed on the premises.

He broke the law, and he will have to face the consequences.
The report revealed conditions in the factory that violate workers’ rights.

The company will have to face any sanctions the regulators decide to impose.

Charlie’s been banned from driving for a year.

He is in prison for tax evasion.

The court froze their assets.

In some countries the government monitors the content of all TV channels.

Self-regulation has been welcomed by the charity, although it has created a lot
of extra work.

He started his career writing advertising jingles, before moving on to composing

film scores.
You always see more celebrity endorsements in the lead-up to the Olympics.

The film was such a hit that toy shops all sold out of the tie-ins.

There’s always an increased demand for click-and-collect before a public

holiday.
Most supermarkets randomly check scan-and-shop transactions.
You can reach more potential customers by using viral advertising techniques.

Have you seen the promo for this year’s Sziget festival?
The internet has facilitated both the analysis and delivery of niche marketing.

She launched her campaign with the slogan ’Let’s keep moving’.

Most retailers have a no-quibble returns policy within 28 days, as long as the
customer can show a receipt.
I found the sauce rather bland.
The little boy won the audience over with his captivating smile.
The tune is catchy, but the lyrics are meaningless.
She was very clumsy and was always knocking chairs over.

I know it sounds corny, but I dream about her every night.

The beach party was a fitting end to what was a memorable trip.
The new marketing director seems to have a more inventive approach.
Holding the meeting outdoors is a novel solution.
I like his quirky sense of humour.
The film is enjoyable, but just another run-of-the-mill adaptation of a classic
novel.
Many people find slugs repulsive.
He was becoming stale and running out of ideas.

The plant’s flowers were so big that they seemed almost surreal.

Jack wrote a witty letter in response to their criticism.

The health minister has got a lot of flak for his handling of the crisis.
He set his sights on crossing the Pacific in a kayak.

The guide helps you pick your way through the minefield of buying a new car.

Being famous is often a double-edged sword.

After a slow start, the Tigers are going great guns.
I know it’s a long shot, but maybe someone has handed your camera in to the
police.
Residents are up in arms about plans for a new road along the beach.
They can’t force you to get on a plane, so stick to your guns and go by car, if
that’s what you want.
They are fighting a losing battle, protesting about the new ring road.
The castle is ten miles from here as the crow flies.
It’s best to steer clear of the town centre on a Saturday night.
I just need to get away from it all for a couple of weeks. Things have been a bit
stressful recently.
You have to be an individual; it’s no use following the herd.
For some reason I didn’t trust her, so I went with my gut and refused her offer.

My mum has always had a taste for adventure in the great outdoors.
The motorway will be busy at this time. Let’s take the scenic route home.

They live miles away, in the middle of nowhere.

It’s a nice little cottage but it really is in the back of beyond.
After a few minutes, he turned around and began to retrace his steps.
Their dinghy capsized just outside the harbour.
A car and a van collided on the motorway.

São Paulo’s roads are heavily congested.

Gridlock is reported in the streets of Moscow this evening.

All planes are grounded until the fog clears.

The road through the mountains is impassable because of a landslide.

I’m suffering from jetlag but I’ll feel better after a good night’s sleep.

She was cycling home when she had a puncture.

The mechanism had seized up.

Beatty was shipwrecked off the coast of Africa.

Air travellers were left stranded because of icy conditions.

It will cost far too much to repair the damage to the car, so it’s a complete write-
off.
He got involved in a credit card scam.
I could never lie to her because I know she’d see through me straight away.
Patrick’s job is to investigate bogus insurance claims.
Don’t be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.
Liz tried to think of a ruse to get Paul out of the house.
His usual ploy is to pretend he’s ill.

Recently, scammers have been visiting elderly people’s homes in our

neighbourhood.
Plastic replicas of the Greek pottery are sold to gullible tourists.

Children in these urban areas learn to be streetwise at a very young age.

The company organises cultural tours for the discerning traveller.

People may be lured into buying tickets by clever advertising.

Consumers are being duped into buying faulty electronic goods.

The agency really ripped us off.

Please remain vigilant at all times and report anything suspicious.

The document is purported to be 300 years old.
They set up a con to make people pay for goods they hadn’t actually received.

He wasn’t an insurance agent … he was a con artist!

His plans for opening a coffee shop are completely above board.
These so-called charities specialise in preying on young people by befriending
them when they are vulnerable.
The company charges exorbitant interest rates to debtors who cannot repay
their loan.
We put up our home as collateral in order to raise the money to invest in the
scheme.
He defaulted on his child support payments.
When someone is made bankrupt, a list is made of their creditors, in order of
priority.
Eventually the bailiffs came to repossess the flat.

If you have a low credit rating, you are unlikely to be able to get a mortgage.

New cars depreciate in value quickly.

Most investments are expected to appreciate at a steady rate.
Do you have any other assets, apart from your house?

The company invested in a hedge fund, so that not all its wealth was in property.

He made a lot of money speculating in stocks – but he also lost some.

The United States agreed to write off debts worth billions of dollars.

My father put all his money into stock market bonds.

The falling prices of agricultural commodities such as coffee have severely

affected the economy.
The derivatives market is complex and unpredictable.
They make their money by trading in stocks and shares.
Sofia’s enjoying her geography course, but she feels out of her depth in the
economics classes.
The company failed because of totally incompetent leadership.
He has a natural aptitude for teaching.
Children have an innate ability to learn language.
My French is a bit rusty.

Many teachers are clueless about the needs of dyslexic students.

Lin is a good all-rounder; she’s not sure which subject to study at university.

Joe is a very versatile performer: he can play most instruments and he’s a good
singer too.
Humza’s one of those men who can turn their hand to anything.
Hardly anybody born since the 1970s is completely computer illiterate.
Andy missed his tech-savvy teenage son when it came to setting up his new
laptop.
The computer course is ideal for novices.
Before you can become an expert in this skill, you will need to learn the basics.

I don’t know much Punjabi, but I’ll get by.

There’s only one way to become proficient at anything – practise!
Marco is an accomplished cellist.
Melissa quickly became adept at predicting his moods.
People think I am a natural, but I’ve had to work at it.

He was criticised for his inept handling of the problem.

In the interview, Peterson gives a firm rebuttal of the accusations against him.

I understand your concern about the delay, but the counterargument is that we
have to put our employees’ safety first.
The dispute was settled with a show of hands.
Rhetorical skills are indispensable if you want to become a successful politician.

The substance of his argument was that meals should be provided for some
children in the school holidays.
At a graduation ceremony at her old college, she spoke eloquently about how
sport had changed her life.
He described the events leading up to the attack as coherently as he could.

Are there any questions from the floor?

Who will be the chair at tomorrow’s meeting?

We will now vote on the motion that membership charges should rise by 15%.

The handbook lays down the ground rules for residents of the housing scheme.

She refuted any allegations of malpractice.

Don’t allow yourself to be swayed by his promises.
I sent that photo to my boss by mistake! I wanted the ground to swallow me up!

Her jokes had us all in stitches.

I always have butterflies in my stomach before an exam.
‘How’s Jacob after the attack?’ ‘He’s feeling pretty shaken up, but he’ll be all
right.’
Just mentioning his ex-wife’s name makes him see red.
I felt on top of the world when they offered me the job.
I felt a bit out of it because I was the only one who couldn’t speak French.

Sorry I made such a fool of myself last night. I was a bit upset, so I wasn’t
thinking clearly.
The factory workers are up in arms about the proposed pay cuts.
They’re over the moon about their new house.
The officious receptionist told me I couldn’t have a doctor’s appointment till next
month.
You won’t get a place to train as a pilot with that defeatist attitude.
It would seem discourteous to refuse her offer.
Amy looked rather disconcerted when she found her front door open.
Passengers are incensed that rail companies make huge profits while service
remains poor.
Lara regrets posting that angry comment now – she can sometimes be too hot
headed.
My cousin has always been grasping and hardly ever pays for his share of a
meal.
My uncle made a jocular remark about my aunt getting up late at the weekend.

Theo is guilt ridden that he never told his father the truth about what happened
in Uruguay.
I’ve got very little time for those interfering do-gooders.

When no replies came, I began to feel downhearted.

History tells us of many rulers who were megalomaniacs and abused their
power.
He admitted that, with the benefit of hindsight, the original launch had not been
large enough.
We’ll have to see how things pan out.
They accused the president of incompetence, but stopped short of calling for his
resignation.
All the way home she agonised about what she should do.
She was torn between her love of dancing and her fear of performing in public.

We’re still weighing up the two options. They both have pros and cons.

Kate was in a quandary over whether to accept the job offer in Japan or not.

At first I disagreed but, on reflection, I realised she was right.

I’m sorry about my grumpiness last night. I’ve got a few problems at work and I
was tired as well.
After the greyness of February in Belgium, it was wonderful to spend two weeks
in the Seychelles.
The media mocked the president’s petulance, when he refused to accept that he
had lost the election.
It isn’t easy living with three teenagers. I find the moodiness difficult to deal with!

The novel portrays the grimness of rural life during the Great Depression.
Freddie’s nonchalance as he opened his exam results envelope didn’t fool
anyone!
When you’ve worked in the construction industry as long as I have, you aren’t
easily shocked by coarseness.
The charity campaigns for the eradication of illegal fishing practices.

The implementation of the peace plan may take many months.

You need to apologise to Dana for your thoughtlessness. She missed the
meeting because you forgot to pick her up at the airport.
Do what you’re told and keep your head down.
The operation was a success but my uncle isn’t out of the woods yet.

Because of the bad weather, we decided to play it safe and avoid the coast
road.
Taking your boss’s car without permission is playing with fire.
Anyone travelling without a passport runs the risk of being arrested.

The police took a calculated risk in releasing him.

The coast is clear because all the teachers are having lunch.

You’d better watch your step – he’s the boss here.

I prefer audio calls because I can concentrate better on the conversation,
without any distractions.
I’ll be at home, so you can call me on the landline.
Excess noise can be reduced by muting alarms and telephones.

The agent put me on hold while she consulted a colleague.

Mobile phone users have complained of poor reception in the area.

I can’t use my phone because the signal isn’t strong enough here.

Our finance director has just joined me, so I’ll put you on speakerphone.

He sent me a text saying he would be late.

We need to have a video call with our suppliers, so that we can demonstrate the
problem with the new device.
I’ve left three messages on Sami’s voicemail.

I can’t hear you very well – the sound on this line is really crackly.
There seems to be a bit of an echo in this room.

I could hear muffled voices in the next room.

My mobile suddenly cut out right in the middle of our conversation.

You’re breaking up – I can only hear occasional words!

I’ve tried to speak to her several times, but all I get is an automated message.

Our holiday started badly: our flight was delayed and then there was a storm on
the first day.
Please speak clearly.
The detective watched him closely, waiting for a reply.
The trainee chef prepared the fish competently, but he needs to improve his
presentation skills.
We are continually reassessing the situation.
Output has increased dramatically.
He waited politely until she had finished speaking.

The little boy was sobbing uncontrollably.

Karl picked up his knife and fork unenthusiastically.
Mei shook her head sullenly and refused to speak.

Dan replied flippantly when his boss asked what he intended to do about the
problem.
The snow leopard came tantalisingly close, but just not close enough to get a
good photo.
The children behaved monstrously when we visited my uncle.
The holiday ended acrimoniously and they returned on separate flights.
Katja was staring vacantly into space.

He escaped daringly across the rooftops.

Mel heartlessly left Viktor when he was ill and he never saw her again.
Rumour has it that they plan to get married.
Reading between the lines, I’d say Robert’s not very happy.

I heard about his resignation on the grapevine.

People who think the prime minister is ɡoinɡ to resiɡn have got the wrong end of
the stick.
She was dropping quite a few hints about what she’d like for her birthday.

 I saw him leaving her house and I put two and two together.
He’s a two-faced liar.

Adrian said that he had some especially juicy gossip to tell us.

A little bird told me that you got the job.

Most of what he says should be taken with a pinch of salt.

News of the disaster spread like wildfire.

Their money problems were further aggravated by a rise in interest rates.

The company is launching a new medicine to alleviate the symptoms of flu.
They beautified the garden with a few new plants to help sell the house.
Greg’s problems were compounded by his lack of concentration.
Living conditions here have deteriorated in the past few years.
The publicity has enhanced his reputation.
The recession has exacerbated this problem.
Smartphones can be used to facilitate language learning.
An attempt to rescue the men has been hampered by bad weather.
His career has been hindered by injury.
The illness had impaired his ability to think and concentrate.
I did my best to rectify the situation, but the damage was already done.
The constant criticism was beginning to undermine her confidence.
Surface fires spread very rapidly when the land is so parched.
The garden will be overgrown with weeds by the time we get back.
Some of her most powerful paintings are inspired by the bleak landscape of the
moors.
The terrain is heavily forested, so there aren’t many places where a helicopter
can land.
Their house looks out across undulating hills towards a lake in the distance.

We stayed in a quiet fishing village with a picturesque harbour.

The cliff is too sheer to climb; we’ll have to find another way up.
John grew up on the windswept Shetland Islands, where there are very few
trees.
Thousands of years ago the surface was barren desert.
We flew over the craggy peaks of the Sierra Madre.
Water from the Great Lakes is pumped to arid regions.
Computer literacy is considered by most employers to be a basic competency.

The training scheme aims to improve people’s employability.

The job involves travelling to several different countries, for varying lengths of
time, so adaptability is a key requirement for candidates.
Teachers are given considerable individual autonomy.

The firm’s success is largely due to Harding’s business acumen.

Increasingly, critical thinking is incorporated into the school curriculum.

Cooper developed entrepreneurial skills at a young age and had started her first
business before she left school.
Most teachers have a growth mindset and frequently attend courses to support
their professional development.
It took perseverance to overcome his reading problems.
In the six years I’ve worked for this company, my professional confidence has
grown significantly.
People showed remarkable resilience during the war.

Many elderly people have a very limited tolerance to cold.

The report contains a certain degree of ambiguity, which you will need to
interpret as you think best.
Ocean scientists have pushed back the frontiers of what we know about deep-
sea life.
The limits of human knowledge were extended in the Renaissance and again in
the Enlightenment.
Abstract Expressionism pushed back the boundaries and changed the way
people think about art.
Companies are starting to fully exploit the potential of satellite internet for remote
areas.
The company has developed a new way to utilise solar energy.
For some time the power of the waves has been harnessed to generate
electricity.
Cutting-edge discoveries have led to huge astronomical advances in the last five
years.
Using state-of-the-art technology, surgeons were able to reattach his arm.

Groundbreaking research means that scientists will be able to detect these

cancers earlier.
A trailblazing team from the UAE has launched a mission to Mars.
The new leukaemia drug is a revolutionary breakthrough.

She played a pioneering role in opening higher education to women.

Fashion for pets has really caught on!
It is one of the few sectors which managed to thrive during the recession.
The economy is booming and small businesses are flourishing.
The Supreme Court decision paved the way for further legislation on civil rights.

A flash of lightning heralded torrential rain.

A specialist diving team spearheaded the rescue mission.
Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth.
Sweden leads the world in terms of data protection.

These cave paintings date from the dawn of civilisation.

We are entering a new era of artificial intelligence.

The very idea of picking up a spider made him feel physically sick.
I love the idea of retiring to the west coast of Scotland.

What’s the big idea, leaving my car out in the road with the keys in the ignition?

Whose bright idea was it to leave Mum’s birthday cake in the same room as the
dog?
Can you give me an idea as to when you might arrive?
I’ve been toying/flirting with the idea of going to Japan to visit them.

Our regular meetings are opportunities to bounce ideas off each other.
This proposal stems from the idea of flexible working hours.
I don’t have the faintest/foggiest idea where they’ve gone.
We’ve been asked to come up with some new ideas for entertaining residents.

Chocolate milk and a piece of cake is not my idea of dinner.

It’s a crackpot idea to buy a van instead of using a removal company … but it
could work, I suppose!
The worst side effects were in the initial phase of the treatment.
Roll the dice. You need a six to start.

Diego and I usually take turns to cook.

He laid out three cards face up.

You score three points for every correct answer.
Our ultimate goal is to start our own business.
Shuffle the cards and place them in the middle.

Choose two of the cards which are face down and see if they match.
Whose turn is it to deal?
He carefully placed the letter back in his desk drawer.
She took my queen in only six moves.

He turned the first card over.

Always carry a phone with you in case you have a breakdown on the motorway.

The arrests came after a tip-off from a member of the public.

These tablets treat the build-up of limescale in your washing machine.

Mum’s birthday would be the perfect time for a family get-together.
He later apologised for his angry outburst.

It was clear from the outset that there were going to be problems.
The previous government’s crackdown on tax evasion was not particularly
successful.
The doctor’s receptionist phoned me to say there had been a mix-up with the
time of my appointment.
Yesterday’s speech from the Education minister included a humiliating climb-
down over this year’s results.
There are a few add-ons available for this laptop.
The court was presented with compelling evidence that she’d murdered her
husband.
The book is full of sound advice.
Did you find his excuse about missing the bus convincing?
It’s just a cheap gimmick to get you into the shop.

The research behind this report is seriously flawed.

Superficially, things seem to have remained the same.

Calvin remained outwardly calm, but inside he was very angry.

Kitchen utensils should be attractive as well as functional.
I think his ideas for the project are still lacking.
If the criticism is valid, you should make the appropriate changes.

The policy was badly thought through.

It was a long and difficult process, but we finally pulled it off.
He would dismiss any of his staff who fell short of his high standards.
Grandma fell and broke her leg, and she went downhill quite rapidly after that.

We faced quite a few challenges, but by working together we made it in the end.

The company’s had a lot of problems in the past, but it’s always managed to
bounce back.
It took me ages to get this right – I don’t want some idiot to mess it up.
All our hard work paid off and we’re launching the product next week.
When Rachel lost her job, our plans to move house went up in smoke.

In the end we lost out to a French company because they could do the job more
cheaply.
It took a while to attract customers, but now the café is really taking off.