Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MANAGEMENT
That’s Not My Job
This is a story about four people named Everybody,
Somebody, Anybody and Nobody. There was an
important job to be done and Everybody was
sure that Somebody would do it. Anybody could
have done it, but Nobody did it. Somebody got
angry about that, because it was Everybody’s
job. Everybody thought Anybody could do it,
but Nobody realized that Everybody wouldn’t
do it. It ended up that Everybody blamed
Somebody when Nobody did what
Anybody could have.
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
A. TRADITIONAL CONCEPT
• Management is the art of getting things done through
others. (Mary Parker Follett)
• Management consists of getting things done through
others. A manager is one who accomplishes organizational
objectives by directing the efforts of others. (C.S. George)
B. MODERN CONCEPT
• Management is establishing an effective environment for
people operating in formal organizational group. (koontz and
op’donnel)
• Management is the co-ordination of all resources through
the process of Planning, Organizing, Directing and
Controlling in order to attain stated objectives. (F.W. Taylor)
Definition of Management
According to Harold Koontz,
"Management is the art of getting things done
through and with people in formally organized
groups."Harold Koontz gave this definition of management in his book "The
Management Theory Jungle".
1. Management as a Process
2. Management as an Activity
3. Management as a Discipline
4. Management as a Group
5. Management as a Science
6. Management as an Art
7. Management as a Profession
Basic Functions of Management
1. Planning
- involves selecting a course of action and specifying how the
action will be implemented to attain the organization’s
objectives.
2. Organizing
- is designing a formal structure of tasks and authority
in which personnel and material resources are
arranged to carry out plans and objectives.
Basic Functions of Management
3. Leading
- This requires the ability to motivate and effectively direct people.
Managers assign tasks to employees, arbitrate disputes, answer
questions, solve on-the-spot problems, and make many small
decisions that affect customers and employees.
4. Controlling
▪ Top management lays down the objectives and broad policies of the
enterprise.
▪ It issues necessary instructions for preparation of department budgets,
procedures, schedules etc.
▪ It appoints the executive for middle level i.e. departmental
managers.
▪ It controls & coordinates the activities of all the departments.
▪ It is also responsible for maintaining a contact with the
outside world.
▪ The top management is also responsible towards
the shareholders for the performance of the
enterprise.
Levels of Management
Middle Level of Management
The branch managers and departmental managers constitute middle level.
• They are responsible to the top management for the functioning of their
department.
▪ They devote more time to organizational and directional functions.
▪ They execute the plans of the organization in accordance with the policies
and directives of the top management.
• They interpret and explain policies from top level management to lower
level.
• It also sends important reports and other important data to top
level management.
• They evaluate performance of junior managers.
• They are also responsible for inspiring lower level
managers towards better performance.
Levels of Management
Middle Level of Management
The branch managers and departmental managers constitute middle level.
• They are responsible to the top management for the functioning of their
department.
▪ They devote more time to organizational and directional functions.
▪ They execute the plans of the organization in accordance with the policies
and directives of the top management.
• They interpret and explain policies from top level management to lower
level.
• It also sends important reports and other important data to top
level management.
• They evaluate performance of junior managers.
• They are also responsible for inspiring lower level
managers towards better performance.
Levels of Management
Lower Level of Management is also known as supervisory / operative level of
management. It consists of supervisors, foreman, section officers,
superintendent etc. According to R.C. Davis, “Supervisory management refers
to those executives whose work has to be largely with personal oversight and
direction of operative employees”. In other words, they are concerned with
direction and controlling function of management.