• A research framework illustrates the structure or blueprint of the

research plan and helps the researcher formulate relevant research

questions.
• A research framework serves as a roadmap that shows how the
research fits into what is already known, relating it to existing
theory and research and how the research makes a contribution in
the field.
• The framework consists of the key concepts and assumed
relationships of the research project.
• Conceptual
Framework
Concept Map
A concept map is a visual representation of information that
helps show the relationship between ideas. It is composed of
different figures such as lines, circles, boxes, and other marks
or symbols which represent the elements of your research.

It is developing or creating your plan or blueprint so that

you will be guided on the flow and direction of your research
study. And that includes your research questions, variables,
and methodology.
 Conceptual Framework
Refers to the actual ideas, beliefs, and tentative theories that
specifically support the study. It is primarily a conception or
model of what is out there that the researcher plans to study.

A tentative theory regarding the topic under investigation

usually shown in a diagram (Punch, 2009)
The type of variables under investigation

The hypothesized relationship between

variables
 MINIFEST VARIABLES
These are variables that are observable and can readily be measured. Thus,
only one question is needed to measure it.
A RECTAGULAR SHAPE IS USED TO ILLUSTRATE THIS
VARIABLES.
LATENT VARIABLES
These are variables that cannot be readily be measured. Thus, several questions
are needed to measure it.
AN OVAL SHAPE IS USED TO ILLUSTRATE THIS VARIABLES.
 CORRELATION
Expressed in double-blade arrow

DIFFERENCES
Expressed in straight line

EFFECTS
Expressed in single bladed arrow
 Theoretical Framework
Refers to the theory, principle or model that the researcher
chooses to guide him in the conduct of the study (Guzman,
2015).

Theories are formulated to explain, predict, and understand

phenomena and, in many cases extend existing knowledge
within the limits of critical bounding assumption.
Description of the Theory

Relevance of the Theory to the investigation

State the chosen theory, who are the proponents behind it, the
year when was it developed. Describe what the theory is all
about, its historical background and the assumptions or
prepositions it was able to prove.
This portion of the theoretical framework discusses the
relevance of the theory to the current study.