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1, Januari 2009
ABSTRACT
The Early Miocene Carbonate Rock is an important rock reservoir in Indonesia.
South Sumatra Basin has several reservoir carbonate which still productive.
Danendra Field is one of carbonate rock case studies which can be identified
from well and seismic data and then occasionally build-ups and mounds of reefal.
Facies carbonate subsurface analysis were done by using seismic data of 7
profiles, 10 well data and one biostratigraphy of one well. The research
methodology applied in this research is interpretation of sedimentation, manual
correlation, and subsurface mapping. Biostratigraphicaly Baturaja Formation was
sedimentated during Early Miocene. Four facies have been identified at
Danendra Field, namely a facies shelf characterized by packstone texture, a
facies shelf edge / core reef by the present of boundstone texture, a facies
lagoon with mudstone-wackstone texture and finally a tidal flat facies
demonstrates the grainstone-packstone texture. Stratigraphicaly, Baturaja
carbonate can be subdivided into five cycles, the cycles bounded by conformity,
except the fourth cycle bounded by disconformity due to the erosion. The
process of the first cycle is a sedimentation toward marine and then
progradational and retrogradational processes at the second cycle is can be
recognized by progradational sedimentation processes, the third cycle a
retrogradational process can be identified, and eventually the fourth cycle
illustrated by agradational and retrogradational. Sedimentation processes to land
ward and finally the fifth cycle characterized by progradational process.
Sedimentation environment of Baturaja carbonate was sedimented marine back
arc basin due to sea level changing relatively. Age of Baturaja carbonate is
Early to Middle Miocene. The Caliche can be found as a result of weathering of
Baturaja carbonate diagenetic process. The moldic and vuggy are formed by
dissolve process, all diagenetic processes occurred in vadose environment.The
most appropriate Baturaja carbonate facies model is an isolated platform with the
model of rimmed shelf accretionary.
PENDAHULUAN
Sejak tahun 1905, eksplorasi hidrokarbon di daerah Sumatera Selatan telah
memberikan pertumbuhan yang cepat, khususnya pada bidang geologi. Muara
Enim-Lahat Baturaja adalah daerah studi yang telah banyak membantu pada
industri perminyakan, diantaranya Perusahaan BUMN negara (Pertamina, JOB
Pertamina–Total Lahat), Banyak peneliti dan pelajar meninjau daerah tersebut
dengan ekskursi lapangan (Field trip).
Usaha dalam mencari cadangan minyak dan gas bumi terus dilakukan sejak
pertama kali sumber energi tersebut ditemukan. Berbagai macam teknik dan
metode telah ditemukan dan dikembangkan untuk mendapatkan sumber
cadangan baru. Salah satu teknik yang lazim digunakan adalah pemetaan
bawah permukaan. Pemetaan bawah permukaan adalah salah satu usaha awal
dalam kegiatan eksplorasi yang akan menjadi dasar kegiatan selanjutnya.
Objek dari penelitian adalah Formasi Baturaja, selain karena potensinya yang
cukup baik sebagai batuan reservoar, Formasi Baturaja memiliki fenomena
sembulan karbonat. Pada tahun 1929 dilakukan geologi survey dan pada tahun
1938 dilakukan gravimetri survey diikuti dengan pemboran sumur oleh BPM
yang menghasilkan gas pada batugamping, Formasi Baturaja (Pertamina
BPPKA, 1995). Pada tahun 1983, HAPCO melakukan eksplorasi pada Formasi
Baturaja, lalu diikuti dengan pemboran beberapa sumur, diantaranya
menghasilkan minyak (Djuanda, 1985).
Sumatera Selatan
Cekungan Sumatra
Lapangan Danendra
(Daerah telitian)
Gambar 4. Pembagian siklus satu sampai siklus lima pada seismik inline
429 (time domain)
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