TONE TONE TONE TONE TONE

How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author
feel about the subject? feel about the subject? feel about the subject? feel about the subject? feel about the subject?
Think in categories and Think in categories and Think in categories and Think in categories and Think in categories and
then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance.

DICTION DICTION DICTION DICTION DICTION

Why does the author Why does the author Why does the author Why does the author Why does the author
choose specific words? choose specific words? choose specific words? choose specific words? choose specific words?
Think about Think about Think about Think about Think about
connotation, the connotation, the connotation, the connotation, the connotation, the
emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a
word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie
diction to tone diction to tone diction to tone diction to tone diction to tone

FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE

LANGUAGE LANGUAGE LANGUAGE LANGUAGE LANGUAGE
How do comparisons How do comparisons How do comparisons How do comparisons How do comparisons
help the author achieve help the author achieve help the author achieve help the author achieve help the author achieve
his or her purpose? his or her purpose? his or her purpose? his or her purpose? his or her purpose?

DETAIL DETAIL DETAIL DETAIL DETAIL

How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author
use concrete details to use concrete details to use concrete details to use concrete details to use concrete details to
achieve his or her achieve his or her achieve his or her achieve his or her achieve his or her
purpose? purpose? purpose? purpose? purpose?

IMAGERY IMAGERY IMAGERY IMAGERY IMAGERY

Pay attention to Pay attention to Pay attention to Pay attention to Pay attention to
language appealing to language appealing to language appealing to language appealing to language appealing to
the five senses. How the five senses. How the five senses. How the five senses. How the five senses. How
and why is it used? and why is it used? and why is it used? and why is it used? and why is it used?
 SYNTAX SYNTAX SYNTAX SYNTAX SYNTAX
Syntax is a highlighter. Syntax is a highlighter. Syntax is a highlighter. Syntax is a highlighter. Syntax is a highlighter.
How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author
accentuate words and accentuate words and accentuate words and accentuate words and accentuate words and
ideas through their ideas through their ideas through their ideas through their ideas through their
placement within placement within placement within placement within placement within
sentences? How does sentences? How does sentences? How does sentences? How does sentences? How does
sentence length and sentence length and sentence length and sentence length and sentence length and
structure affect pace and structure affect pace and structure affect pace and structure affect pace and structure affect pace and
bring focus to ideas? bring focus to ideas? bring focus to ideas? bring focus to ideas? bring focus to ideas?

IRONY IRONY IRONY IRONY IRONY

Look for verbal irony, a Look for verbal irony, a Look for verbal irony, a Look for verbal irony, a Look for verbal irony, a
contrast between what is contrast between what is contrast between what is contrast between what is contrast between what is
meant and what is meant and what is meant and what is meant and what is meant and what is
actually said. Make sure actually said. Make sure actually said. Make sure actually said. Make sure actually said. Make sure
to deal with tone if you to deal with tone if you to deal with tone if you to deal with tone if you to deal with tone if you
discuss irony as a device. discuss irony as a device. discuss irony as a device. discuss irony as a device. discuss irony as a device.

POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW

From whose perspective
is narration presented?
What bias is evident?
How would the narrator’s
perspective skew the
information? Is the
narrator young, mentally
challenged, embittered?
From whose perspective
is narration presented?
What bias is evident?
How would the narrator’s
perspective skew the
information? Is the
narrator young, mentally
challenged, embittered?
POINT OF VIEW
From whose perspective From whose perspective
From whose perspective
is narration presented? is narration presented?
is narration presented?
What bias is evident? What bias is evident?
What bias is evident?
How would the narrator’s How would the narrator’s
How would the narrator’s
perspective skew the perspective skew the
perspective skew the
information? Is the information? Is the
information? Is the
narrator young, mentally narrator young, mentally
narrator young, mentally
challenged, embittered? challenged, embittered?
challenged, embittered?

ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION

How does the broad How does the broad How does the broad How does the broad
How does the broad
structure of the text act structure of the text act structure of the text act structure of the text act
structure of the text act
as a vehicle for the as a vehicle for the as a vehicle for the as a vehicle for the
as a vehicle for the
author’s purpose? Are author’s purpose? Are author’s purpose? Are author’s purpose? Are
author’s purpose? Are
ideas ordered spatially, by ideas ordered spatially, by ideas ordered spatially, by ideas ordered spatially, by
ideas ordered spatially, by
importance, from general importance, from general importance, from general importance, from general
importance, from general
to specific, by advantages to specific, by advantages to specific, by advantages to specific, by advantages
to specific, by advantages
and disadvantages? and disadvantages? and disadvantages? and disadvantages?
and disadvantages?
 TONE TONE TONE TONE TONE
How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author
feel about the subject? feel about the subject? feel about the subject? feel about the subject? feel about the subject?
Think in categories and Think in categories and Think in categories and Think in categories and Think in categories and
then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance. then narrow by nuance.

DICTION DICTION DICTION DICTION DICTION

Why does the author Why does the author Why does the author Why does the author Why does the author
choose specific words? choose specific words? choose specific words? choose specific words? choose specific words?
Think about Think about Think about Think about Think about
connotation, the connotation, the connotation, the connotation, the connotation, the
emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a emotional meaning of a
word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie word. Be sure to tie
diction to tone diction to tone diction to tone diction to tone diction to tone

FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE FIGURATIVE

LANGUAGE LANGUAGE LANGUAGE LANGUAGE LANGUAGE
How do comparisons How do comparisons How do comparisons How do comparisons How do comparisons
help the author achieve help the author achieve help the author achieve help the author achieve help the author achieve
his or her purpose? his or her purpose? his or her purpose? his or her purpose? his or her purpose?

DETAIL DETAIL DETAIL DETAIL DETAIL

How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author How does the author
use concrete details to use concrete details to use concrete details to use concrete details to use concrete details to
achieve his or her achieve his or her achieve his or her achieve his or her achieve his or her
purpose? purpose? purpose? purpose? purpose?

IMAGERY IMAGERY IMAGERY IMAGERY IMAGERY

Pay attention to Pay attention to Pay attention to Pay attention to Pay attention to
language appealing to language appealing to language appealing to language appealing to language appealing to
the five senses. How the five senses. How the five senses. How the five senses. How the five senses. How
and why is it used? and why is it used? and why is it used? and why is it used? and why is it used?

SYNTAX
Syntax is a highlighter. Syntax is a highlighter.
How does the author
accentuate words and
ideas through their
placement within
sentences? How does
sentence length and
structure affect pace and structure affect pace and
bring focus to ideas?
SYNTAX SYNTAX
SYNTAX SYNTAX
Syntax is a highlighter.
Syntax is a highlighter. Syntax is a highlighter.
How does the author
How does the author How does the author How does the author
accentuate words and
accentuate words and accentuate words and accentuate words and
ideas through their
ideas through their ideas through their ideas through their
placement within
placement within placement within placement within
sentences? How does
sentences? How does sentences? How does sentences? How does
sentence length and
sentence length and sentence length and sentence length and
structure affect pace and
structure affect pace and structure affect pace and
bring focus to ideas?
bring focus to ideas? bring focus to ideas? bring focus to ideas?

IRONY
IRONY IRONY IRONY IRONY
Look for verbal irony, a
Look for verbal irony, a Look for verbal irony, a Look for verbal irony, a contrast between what is Look for verbal irony, a
contrast between what is contrast between what is contrast between what is meant and what is contrast between what is
meant and what is meant and what is meant and what is actually said. Make sure meant and what is
actually said. Make sure actually said. Make sure actually said. Make sure to deal with tone if you actually said. Make sure
to deal with tone if you to deal with tone if you to deal with tone if you discuss irony as a device. to deal with tone if you
discuss irony as a device. discuss irony as a device. discuss irony as a device. discuss irony as a device.

POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW
From whose perspective From whose perspective From whose perspective From whose perspective From whose perspective
is narration presented? is narration presented? is narration presented? is narration presented? is narration presented?
What bias is evident? What bias is evident? What bias is evident? What bias is evident? What bias is evident?
How would the narrator’s How would the narrator’s How would the narrator’s How would the narrator’s How would the narrator’s
perspective skew the perspective skew the perspective skew the perspective skew the perspective skew the
information? Is the information? Is the information? Is the information? Is the information? Is the
narrator young, mentally narrator young, mentally narrator young, mentally narrator young, mentally narrator young, mentally
challenged, embittered? challenged, embittered? challenged, embittered? challenged, embittered? challenged, embittered?

ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION

How does the broad How does the broad How does the broad How does the broad How does the broad
structure of the text act structure of the text act structure of the text act structure of the text act structure of the text act
as a vehicle for the as a vehicle for the as a vehicle for the as a vehicle for the as a vehicle for the
author’s purpose? Are author’s purpose? Are author’s purpose? Are author’s purpose? Are author’s purpose? Are
ideas ordered spatially, by ideas ordered spatially, by ideas ordered spatially, by ideas ordered spatially, by ideas ordered spatially, by
importance, from general importance, from general importance, from general importance, from general importance, from general
to specific, by advantages to specific, by advantages to specific, by advantages to specific, by advantages to specific, by advantages
and disadvantages? and disadvantages? and disadvantages? and disadvantages? and disadvantages?