The Study on the Applicability of Aluminum Conductor Carbon Core in the High

Incidence Area of Galloping for Transmission lines

Bo ZHANG1,2,3, Xiaohui YANG1,2,3, Wei YANG1,2,3, Bo Jie MA

LIU1,2,3, Wenjun AI1,2,3 Economic and technology research institute of henan electric
power corporation
Device Status Assessment Center Zhengzhou, China
1. The Key Laboratory of State Grid Corporation of China Mj507@163.com
on Prevention Technology of Transmission Lines Galloping, 2.
The Key Laboratory of Henan Province on Prevention
Technology of Transmission Lines Galloping, 3. EPRI of Henan
Zhengzhou, China
Zhangbo516@163.com

Abstract—ACCC(Aluminum Conductor Carbon Core) is one to find out that whether ACCC is not easy for galloping with
of the most promising new conductors in the power system small sag and light weight, and that ACCC is easy to be
currently. There are more and more engineering applications. But
damaged with weak anti-bending characteristic. These
there less study on the applications in transmission line galloping
area with high incidence, and it is currently not clear that whether problems will discussed in this paper[7,8,9].
ACCC is not easy for galloping with small sag and light weight,
and that ACCC is easy to be damaged with weak anti-bending II. BASIC FEATURE OF ACCC
characteristic. This paper established a galloping experimental
observation span, achieved the dancing simulated ACCC by The structure of ACCC is shown in Figure 1. Compared
installing and adjusting the artificial ice, finished the contrast of with the conventional ACSR, There are two major differences
galloping characteristics between ACCC and ACSR under for ACCC:
natural wind excitation, confirmed that a ACCC has a less (1) ACCC has a relatively smooth outer surface. Existing
galloping-strength under low speed wind, a more high research findings have shown that: its surface characteristics
gallopingstrength under fast than ACSR. Meanwhile this paper
have little effect on the overall wire ice thickness and
developed a device named the transmission line galloping-
simulating machine, which can simulate the state of the
morphology. Therefore, ACCC would still occur non-uniform
transmission line galloping. Using the transmission line galloping- coating of ice, with the possibility of galloping.
simulating machine, this paper finished ACCC galloping fatigue (2) As composite, the carbon fiber composite core instead
test, confirmed the transmission line galloping damage weak of the strand, and the line density, rack line sag and other
point of ACCC proposed the measure of reducing the dancing of parameters of conductor are being reduced. Therefore the
ACCC. conditions and characteristics of galloping for ACCC would
occur some changes.
Keywords—ACCC; Transmission Line Galloping; Galloping
area with high incidence; the applicability In addition, the view that ACCC as a augmented capacity
conductor have generally higher operating temperature, not
I. INTRODUCTION easy to be iced or galloping. It is found thatˈDue to the
impact of design margin, operating temperatures in winter are
ACCC(Aluminum Conductor Carbon Core) is one of the insufficient to eliminate the possibility of icing, with the
most common augmented capacity conductor conductors. As survey of the operation of the transport section in Henan
organic composite materials, the wire has many advantages, Province.
such as high strength, low line loss, high conductivity, small sag,
high-temperature operation, large carrying capacity, light
weight, corrosion resistance and long service life[1,2].
In recent years, with the large-scale use and the cost
reduction of ACCC, it is recommend that using ACCC in the
new or higher-voltage-level transmission lines by more and
more people. This means that in the future there will be a lot
transmission lines using ACCC through the high incidence area
of galloping. While there are not reports of using ACCC at the
high incidence area of galloping, and there are less studies of
galloping behavior and protective measures of ACCC[3,4].
Fig. 1. Aluminum Conductor Carbon Core
China is one of the highest incidence area for galloping[5]. It
is necessary to study on galloping of ACCC. While it is urgent

978-1-5090-0496-6/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE

 III. GALLOPING CHARACTERISTIC TEST OF ACCC
To better study galloping behavior of ACCC by means of a
test transmission lines, two similar bundle conductors, which
are made of ACCC and ordinary conductor respectively, with
artificial ice are selected as the long-term research.
The test lines with span length 40m can hang two kinds of
parallel twin bundle conductors, whose tension and sag can be
adjusted, as shown in Figure 2.
The parallel twin bundle conductors with the same tension
in the test lines are made of ACCC-300/45 and ACSR-300/40
respectively. The sag of the ACCC-300/45 decreases 10 percent
compared with that of the LGJ-300/40, as shown in Figure 4.
The artificial ice attached on the test lines is D-type ice,
which galloping wind speed is low and has great harmful. The
ice thickness is 15mm and its installation angle is 60degrees, as
shown in Figure3.
As shown in Figure 4, three different kinds of monitoring
equipment, including environmental wind speed monitoring
equipment, the amplitude and tension monitoring equipment of
conductor galloping, are installed in the test lines. However, the
test limited by the reliability of the equipment has not been
monitored the numerical values of the galloping amplitude with
continuous and a long time. As mentioned by the references, it
has a positive correlation between the galloping amplitude and
the dynamic tension, so the dynamic tension is mainly
discussed in the following research.
 in Figure 7. As shown in figure 7, the dynamic tension amplitude
Fig. 2. The Real photo of Small-scale Test Line

Fig. 3. The Installation Angle of D-Shape
40

Fig. 4. The sag for the Small-scale Test Line and Monitoring equipments
A typical galloping event is used to compare the galloping
characteristics of the two different conductors. Figure 5 shows
that the environmental wind speed and wind direction data
change with time. It can be known that the duration of the
galloping is 5 hours, the wind direction remains stable, the wind
speed increase first and then decreases.
Figure 6 shows the relationship between dynamic tension
amplitude of the two different conductors and time during
galloping process. It can be known that the dynamic tension
amplitude of ACCC changes less than that of the ordinary
conductor. Especially in the former 100 min when wind speed
less than 9 m/s, the dynamic tension amplitude of ACCC is much
less than that of the ordinary conductor.
The frequency characteristics of the two different conductors
in the process of galloping are analyzed, as shown in Table 1. It
is found that the galloping frequency of ACCC is significantly
different from that of the ordinary conductor. And this is
probably the main reason for the difference of the dynamic
tension between these two different conductors under the same
static tension design conditions.
In order to reflect the relationship between the two kinds of
conductors and wind speed more clearly, this paper takes the
discrete method on conductor galloping amplitude, getting a
large number of dynamic tension data for two kinds of conductor
galloping under different wind speed in every minute, as shown
of galloping is not a single value under the same wind speed
(average wind speed in 1 minute). This is mainly due to the wind
spectrum and change rules are different at each time interval
under the same average wind speed in 1 minute, it leads to the
conductor galloping response characteristics are different at each
time interval. The dynamic tension amplitude is different in the
same wind speed, but almost all of that is around a certain value
according to a certain law of distribution.
Further, a large number of wind speed and dynamic tension
amplitude data are used for fitting by means of least square
method. The curves of two conductors galloping dynamic
tension amplitude change with wind speed are obtained, as
shown in Figure 7. It is found that the galloping tension
amplitude of ACCC is small as the wind speed is small. Besides,
the initial condition of ACCC galloping will be slightly lower
than the ordinary conductor. However, the change of the
dynamic tension amplitude of ACCC is significantly accelerated
with the increase of wind speed. The galloping of ACCC will be
more than the ordinary conductor when the wind speed is more
than 12m/s. Compared with the tower connected to the ordinary
conductor, tower with ACCC may be in more dangerous
conditions due to galloping. According to the correlation
between dynamic tension and amplitude of conductors during
galloping[10], the amplitude of ACCC may be small as the wind
speed is small and the galloping amplitude of ACCC may be
larger.

14

12

10

Fig. 7. The Relationship between the Tension amplitude of Galloping Line and
6
the wind Velocity

4
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Time(min) TABLE I. FREQUENCY PARAMETER COMPARISON
Time wind Characteristic frequency
(min) speed ACSR ACCC
(m/s)
δDε
10 9 0.72, 0.48, 0.96, 0.73, 1.03, 1.26, 1.47, 1.9
1.3, 1.42
350 155 11 0.91, 0.46, 0.70, 0.72, 0.48, 0.92, 0.96, 0.98,
1.63 1,42, 1.63, 1.83
300 ѓ䭛䮵ᓜ
!P

䱱ቲໟ ◶ᥥಞ 䱱ቲໟ

250
ቴㄥ
俌⇫㙆ᕖ

200
P

150  P

  P
100

50 Fig. 8. The Testing Machine

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Time(m/s)

δEε
Fig. 5. The Velocity Direction of Wind in a Galloping Event

Fig. 9. Cable Lay Break and Wear of Suspension Clamp

Fig. 6. The Tension amplitude of Galloping Line

 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work was in part financially supported by the Science
Foundation of the State Grid Corporation of China.

Fig. 10. Cable Lay Break and Wear of Suspension Clamp
IV. GALLOPING FATIGUE CHARACTERISTIC OF CONDUCTORS
AND FITTINGS
Galloping will increase the bending moment of the
conductor close to the suspension clamp. The flexural behaviors
of the ACCC, especially the mandrel is much poor, so a long
time galloping may cause its fatigue damage. In this paper, a
test machine is used to simulate the bending moment, which
represents the case of bending during a long time galloping, of
the conductor close to the suspension clamp, as shown in figure
8. It is found from the results that the preformed fittings can
protect the conductor and reduce the probability of damage.
However, ACCC will still cause broken strand under bad
conditions, as shown in Figure 9. Besides, the fittings will easily
damage after a long time galloping, as shown in figure 10.
Therefore, for a ACCC transmission line, it is necessary to use
the preformed armor rods to install the antigalloping device and
strengthen the repair and maintenance power, especially
strength the inspection of conductor clamp after the
strengthening of galloping.
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V. Comclusions
Aim at engineering problems in application of ACCC in
galloping area, the galloping characteristics of conductors are
studied by means of experimental observation and the galloping
fatigue characteristics of conductors are studied by simulation
tests in this paper. It is concluded that
(1) the ACCC still occurs galloping, and there is a distinct
difference between the galloping characteristics of ACCC
and that of ordinary conductor. Compared with ordinary
conductor, the beginning galloping wind speed of ACCC is
relatively low, the galloping amplitude and tension of
ACCC are relatively small as the wind speed are low and
they are both relatively large as the wind speed is large.
(2) the ACCC is easy to bending damage, such as broken strand
of conductors and abrasion of fittings and so on.
(3) it should pay more attention to anti-galloping work of
ACCC, and install anti-galloping device in time. It also should
check the safety of strain tower under galloping conditions and
reinforce in time. Besides, in order to prevent the bending
damage of the conductors under galloping condition, it should
attach importance to select of the ACCC fittings.