NAME: MANJOT KAUR, DHILLON

GRADE:12- ST. ALBERT THE GREAT

BIOLOGY_MINITASK_1

LIPID STRUCTURE FUNCTION

SATURATED FATTY ACID A HYDROCARBON CHAIN Your body needs healthy
AND A CARBOXYLIC ACID fats for energy and other
GROUP (-COOH) AT THE functions. But too much
END OF THE CHAIN. saturated fat can cause
cholesterol to build up in
your arteries (blood
vessels). Saturated
fats raise your LDL (bad)
cholesterol. High LDL
cholesterol increases your
risk for heart disease and
stroke.
UNSATURATED FATTY ACID CARBON CHAINS Unsaturated fats, which are
CONTAINS ONE OR MORE liquid at room temperature,
DOUBLE BONDS WITH A are considered beneficial
TERMINAL CARBOXYLIC fats because they
GROUP (-COOH). UNLIKE can improve blood
SATURATED FATTY ACID cholesterol levels, ease
WHICH CONTAIN NO inflammation, stabilize
DOUBLE BONDS heart rhythms, and play a
number of other beneficial
roles.
PHOSPOLIPIDS PHOSPOLIPIDS CONSIST Phospholipids provide
OF A GLYCEROL barriers in cellular
MOLEULE, TWO FATTY membranes to protect the
ACIDS, AND A cell, and they make barriers
PHOSPHATE GROUP THAT for the organelles within
IS MODIFIED BY AN those cells. Phospholipids
ALCOHOL. work to provide pathways
for various substances
across membranes.
WAXES WAXES CONSIST OF A Their strongly hydrophobic
LONG-CHAIN FATTY ACID nature allows them to
LINKED THROUGH AN function as water
ESTER OXYGEN TO A repellents on the leaves of
LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOL. some plants, on feathers,
and on the cuticles of
certain insects. Waxes also
serve as energy-storage
substances in plankton.
STERIODS ALL STEROIDS ARE Steroids have two principal
RELATED TO THE biological functions: as
CHARACTERISTIC important components of
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE cell membranes which alter
 COMPOSED OF 17 membrane fluidity; and as
CARBON ATOMS--- signaling molecules.
ARRANGEDD IN FOUR
RINGS CONVENTIONALLY
DENOTED BY THE LETTER
A, B, C AND D---BONDED
TO 28 HYDROGEN ATOMS.
TRIGLYCERIDES TRIGLYCERIDES CONSIST Triglycerides provide your
OF A GLYCEROL body with energy, but their
“BACKBONE” ALONG main function is to store
WITH THREE FATTY ACIDS energy for later use. The
BONDED TO THE food you eat contains
BACKBONEIN AN ESTER calories in the form of
LINKAGE. GLYCEROL IS carbohydrates, protein and
AN THREE-CARBON fat. When you consume
MOLECULE, C(H2)OH- more calories than your
C(H)OH-C(H2)OH. WHEN body can use, it stores
ONE OF ITS HYDROXYL those calories in the form
GROUPS (-OH) LOSES A of triglycerides.
HYDROGEN, A FATTY
ACIDS CAN BIND TO THE
OXYGEN IN ITS PLACE,
CREATING A C-O-C
(ESTER) BOND.
SPHINGOLIPIDS SPHINGOLIPIDS REFERS TO A Sphingolipids are
CLASS OF COMPLEX structural components in
PHOSPOLIPIDS WITH A CORE the plasma membranes of
HYDROPHOBIC STRUCTURE OF eukaryotic cells.
CEREMIDE, WHICH IS Their metabolism produces
COMPOSED OF A SPHINGOSINE bioactive signaling
HEAD AND A LONG-CHAIN molecules that modulate
fundamental cellular
FATTY ACID CHAIN. THEY ARE
processes. The
ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF
segregation of
PLASMA MEMBRANES. sphingolipids into distinct
membrane domains is
likely essential for cellular
function.