SECTION 15/1/2

HVAC DUCTWORK

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SECTION INCLUDES

A. The Work shall consist of furnishing and installation of all HVAC ductwork as shown
on the drawings and specified herein.

1.2 REFERENCES

A. SASO – Saudi Arabian Standards Organization

SASO 1302 Air ducts for air conditioning - Part 1: Definitions,

classification and terminology

SASO 1435 Safety requirements for the installation on air conditioning

and ventilating systems - Part 1: Definitions and technical
terms.

SASO 1436 Safety requirements for the installation on air conditioning

and ventilating systems - Part 2: Requirements of HVAC
systems

SASO 772 Code of practice for mechanical ventilation and air

conditioning in buildings - Part 1: General basis of design

SASO 773 Code of practice for mechanical ventilation and air

conditioning in buildings - Part 2: General requirements for
installation

B. SMACNA - Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National

Association

SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible,

latest Edition

SMACNA HVAC System Duct Design, latest Edition

SMACNA Fire, Smoke and Radiation Damper Installation Guide for

HVAC System, latest Edition

C. ASHRAE - American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

Engineers
ASHRAE Handbook, Systems and Equipment Volume;
Chapter 16, Duct Construction, 2000 Edition

ASHRAE Handbook, Systems, Equipment Volume;

Chapter 17, Air Diffusing Equipment, 2000 Edition
ASHRAE 70 Method of Testing for Rating Air Flow Performance of Outlets

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 and Inlets

D. HVCA – Heating and Ventilation Contractors Association

HVCA DW 144 Specification for Sheet Metal Ductwork

A. ASTM – American Society for Testing and Materials

ASTM A 653 Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-

Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process.

ASTM A 924 General Requirements for Sheet Steel, Metallic-Coated by

Hot-Dip Process

E. NFPA - National Fire Protection Association

NFPA 90A Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and

Ventilating Systems.

NFPA 90B Standard for the Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air
Conditioning Systems.

F. UL - Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

UL-555 Fire Dampers and Ceiling Dampers.

G. ARI - Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute

ARI 650 Standard for Air Outlets and Inlets.

1.3 SUBMITTAL

A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's technical product data and installation

instructions for metal ductwork materials and accessories.

B. Shop Drawings: Submit scaled layout drawings of metal ductwork and fittings
including, but not limited to, duct sizes, locations, elevations, and slopes of
horizontal runs, wall and floor penetrations, and connections. Show interface and
spatial relationship between ductwork and proximate equipment. Show
modifications of indicated requirements, made to conform to local shop practice,
and how those modifications ensure that free area, materials, and rigidity are not
reduced.

C. As-Built Drawings: At project closeout, submit as-built drawings of installed

ductwork, duct accessories, and outlets and inlets.

D. Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data and parts lists for metal ductwork
materials and products.

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1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Ductwork shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 90A; Standard for the
Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilation System.

B. Comply with NFPA 96; Standard for the Installation of Equipments for the Removal
of Smoke and Grease-laden Vapors of Commercial Cooking Equipment - Chapter
3; Duct System for kitchen hood duct systems.

C. SMACNA Standards: Comply with SMACNA "High and Low Pressure Duct
Construction Standards" for fabrication and installation of ductwork, as well as
"HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible."

D. Fabricator and Installer: Firm(s) with a minimum of five (5) years of successful
fabrication/installation experience on projects similar to that required for the
project.

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PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 DUCTWORK MATERIALS

A. General: HVAC duct design shall be in accordance with applicable requirements of

ASHRAE, SMACNA, SASO, NFPA or UL codes and Standards. Shop fabricate
ductwork of gages and reinforcement complying with SMACNA - HVAC Duct
Construction Standards and/or ASHRAE Handbook, Equipment Volume, Chapter
16 - Duct Construction, and as shown on drawings. Ducts shall be low pressure
ducts with 500 Pa pressure rating and seal Class B as per SMACNA Standards,
unless indicated otherwise on drawings. Ductwork shall be constructed in sizes and
configuration as shown on drawings.

B. Exposed Ductwork Materials: Where ductwork is indicated to be exposed to view in

occupied spaces, provide materials which are free from visual imperfections
including pitting, seam marks, roller marks, oil canning, stains and discolorations,
and other imperfections, including those which would impair painting.

C. Sheet Metal: Unless indicated otherwise indicated, fabricate ductwork from

galvanized sheet steel complying with ASTM A 653 and A 924, lock-forming quality,
with G90 zinc coating; and ducts shall have mill-phosphatized finish for surfaces
exposed to view.

D. Kitchen Hood Exhaust Ducts: Kitchen hood exhaust ducts and supports used
for smoke and vapor removal from cooking equipment, exposed to view, shall be
fabricated from minimum 18 gage thick stainless steel sheet conforming to ASTM A
240, type 316, and the rest of the duct shall be fabricated of black sheet steel,
welded construction. Shop fabricate ductwork complying with SMACNA "HVAC
Duct Construction Standards", and NFPA 96 "Removal of Smoke and Grease-
Laden Vapors from Commercial Cooking Equipments".

2.2 MISCELLANEOUS DUCTWORK ACCESSORIES

A. General: Provide manufacturer's standard materials and products of types and

sizes indicated and, where not otherwise indicated, provide type and size required
to comply with ductwork system requirements and SMACNA Standards including all
the necessary fittings, fasteners, sealant, duct hardware i.e. test holes, quadrant
locks and duct access doors for proper connection to ductwork and equipment.
Ducts shall be low pressure type as per SMACNA Standards with static pressure
rating of minimum 2 inches, and with seal Class B.

B. Fittings: Provide radius type fittings fabricated of multiple sections with maximum
15o change of direction per section. Unless specifically detailed otherwise, use 45 o
laterals and 45 o elbows for branch takeoff connections. Where 90 o branches are
indicated, provide conical type tees.

C. Duct Sealant: Non-hardening, non-migrating mastic or liquid elastic sealant, type

applicable for fabrication/installation detail, as compounded and recommended by
manufacturer specifically for sealing joints and seams in ductwork.

D. Duct Cement: Non-hardening migrating mastic or liquid neoprene based cement,

type applicable for fabrication/installation detail, as compounded and recommended
by manufacturer specifically for cementing fitting components, or longitudinal seams
in ductwork.

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 E. Ductwork Support Materials: Except as otherwise indicated, provide hot-dipped
galvanized steel fasteners, anchors, rods, straps, trim and angles for support of
ductwork.

F. Flexible Ducts: Either spiral-wound spring steel with flameproof vinyl sheathing, or
corrugated aluminum; complying with UL 181, Class 1, complete with minimum 38
mm thick continuous flexible fiberglass sheath insulation, 16 kg/m³ density, and
vapor barrier jacket.

2.3 DAMPERS:

A. Fire Dampers: Fire Dampers: Provide fire dampers, of types and sizes as indicated
on Drawings where required. Construct casings of 20 gage galvanized steel with
bonded red acrylic enamel finish. Provide fusible link rated at 71-74 oC unless
otherwise indicated. Provide damper with positive lock in closed position, and with
the following additional features:

1. Damper Blade Assembly: Single-blade type or multi-blade type as required.

2. Blade Material: Steel, match casing.

B. Motor-Driven Fire Dampers: Provide motor-driven fire dampers, of types and sizes
indicated or required. Construct casings of 11 gage galvanized steel with bonded
red acrylic enamel finish. Provide fusible link rated at 71-74 oC unless otherwise
indicated, and curtain type stainless steel interlocking blades, with motor equipped
with instant closure cluch, stainless cable damper blade linkage, motor mounting
bracket and 800 mm long wire leads for connecting to smoke/heat detector, and
with motor mounted outside/inside air stream.

C. Smoke Dampers: Smoke damper shall be designed for the smoke isolation of
sections of ducting in ventilation systems, basically consisting of a flanged casing,
shut off blades with overlapping interlocking joints. Blades are connected by internal
linkage for parallel action. External linkage parallel action also available. Smoke
dampers to be leakage tested as appropriate to the requirements of UL555S.

Casing and blades shall be of a galvanized sheet steel to BS EN 10142 or

equivalent. Casing bearing made from sintered bronze. Blades shall have standard
face linkage for parallel blade operation. Size and type of damper shall be as shown
on drawings. Dampers shall be electrically operated and controlled through BMS.
All accessories required for electric operation shall be provided.

D. Combination Fire and Smoke Dampers: Combination fire/smoke dampers shall be

designed for the fire/smoke isolation of sections of ducting in ventilation systems,
basically consisting of a flanged casing, shut off blades with overlapping interlocking
joints, with side seals to close off gap between case and blades. Blades are
connected by internal linkage for parallel action. Damper is fitted with internal jack
shaft incorporating fusible link assembly.

Fire dampers to be independently tested as appropriate to the requirements of BS

476 Part 20 1987 and UL555 (Fire rating 3 hours). Additional leakage tested as
appropriate to the requirements of UL555S.

Casing and blade shall be of galvanized sheet steel to BS EN 10142 or equivalent.

Casing bearings made from sintered bronze. Blades shall have standard face

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 linkage parallel blade operation. Size of dampers shall be as shown on drawings.
Dampers shall be electrically operated and controlled through BMS. All accessories
required for electric operation shall be provided

2.4 TURNING VANES:

A. Provide turning vanes constructed of 38 mm wide curved blades set at 20 mm o.c.,

supported with bars perpendicular to blades set at 50 mm o.c., and set into side
strips suitable for mounting in ductwork.

2.5 DUCT HARDWARE:

A. Test Holes: Provide in ductwork at fan inlet and outlet, and elsewhere as indicated,
duct test holes, consisting of slot and cover, for instrument tests.

B. Quadrant Locks: Provide for each damper, quadrant lock device on one end of
shaft; and end bearing plate on other end for damper lengths over 300 mm. Provide
extended quadrant locks and end extended bearing plates for externally insulated
ductwork.

2.6 DUCT ACCESS DOORS:

A. General: Provide where indicated, duct access doors of sizes indicated.

B. Construction: Construct of same or greater gage as ductwork served, provide

insulated doors for insulated ductwork. Provide flush frames for un-insulated
ductwork, extended frames for externally insulated duct. Provide one side hinged,
otherwise with one handle-type latch for doors up to 300 mm high and smaller, 2
handle-type latches for larger doors.

2.7 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS:

A. Provide flexible duct connections wherever ductwork connects to vibration isolated

equipment. Construct flexible connections of neoprene-coated flameproof fabric
crimped into duct flanges for attachment to duct and equipment. Make airtight joint.
Provide adequate joint flexibility to allow for thermal, axial, transverse, and torsional
movement, and also capable of absorbing vibrations of connected equipment.

2.8 VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) BOXES (Pressure Independent Type):

A. VAV boxes shall be completely factory-assembled. Each box shall have an

insulated plenum with air inlet collar, stable swing type air volume damper, and
maximum air flow, an internal regulator for maintaining constant, and a damper
shaft extension for connecting an external damper position actuator. Unit operation
shall be pressure independent throughout the entire operating range. L/S limiters
that provide pressure independence only at maximum airflow are not acceptable.
Maximum static pressure drop thru the airflow control box shall not exceed 0.4 kg in
weight. VAV boxes shall be provided with control transformers.

B. Unit Casing: Galvanized steel, lined with a 0.10 kg/m 3 minimum dual density
thermal/ acoustical fiberglass insulation meeting NFPA 90A requirements. Insulation
shall conform to UL 181 erosion requirements.

C. Variable Air Volume Control Damper: Factory- calibrated damper assembly

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 consisting of a swing damper controlled by an internally mounted inflatable non-
metallic regulator bellows that is directly responsible to variations in inlet static
pressure, and by externally mounted electric control actuator which positions the
damper in response to the space thermostat. The bellows shall be capable of
withstanding up to 2.5 KPa, internal pressure.

D. Control Actuator: Factory-mounted electric/electronic actuator with appropriate

linkages in accordance with box requirements. Control actuator shall be furnished
by the air volume control box manufacturer.

E. Room Temperature Controls: To be furnished by the air volume control box

manufacturer, as indicated on the drawings, in accordance with the air volume
control box requirements. Thermostat shall be a wall-mounted electric/electronic
type with appropriate mounting hardware supplied by the controls supplier.

F. Air volume limits shall be field-adjustable to allow for future changes in unit airflow
rates. Airflow limits shall be changed by simply loosening a screw on the limit stop,
repositioning the limit stop and retightening the screw. Minimum and maximum
airflow shall be maintained regardless of variations in inlet static pressure
throughout the entire static pressure operating range of the unit.

G. Box identification: Each airflow control box shall be clearly marked with an
identification label and airflow indicator. Identification label shall include such
information as unit nominal L/S, maximum factory-set L/S, minimum factory-set L/S,
and coil type and coil hand when supplied.

2.9 VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) BOXES (Relief or By-Pass Type):

A. VAV boxes shall be completely factory-assembled. Units designed shall be of sizes

as shown on drawings and shall have factory catalog rating for L/S., static pressure
and noise criteria as required. Units shall have damper shaft with optional location
of linkage arrangement (left or right of unit) for single damper control actuator to be
mounted on exterior of unit. Static pressure loss through the unit shall be consistent
at all times regardless of air volume damper position.

B. Cabinet shall be constructed of not less than 22 gauge, zinc-coated steel. Internal
surfaces shall be acoustically and thermally insulated as required with glass fiber,
surface-treated to prevent erosion. Insulation material shall meet NFPA and NBFU
90A.

C. Performance of unit shall be based on tests conducted in accordance with ASHRAE

Standard 36-72 and with ADC Standard 1062R4 with no ductwork between unit
discharge and sound room.

D. Control Actuator: Factory-mounted electric/electronic actuator with appropriate

linkages in accordance with box requirements. Control actuator shall be furnished
by the air volume control box manufacturer.

E. Room Temperature Controls: To be furnished by the air volume control box

manufacturer, as indicated on the drawings, in accordance with the air volume
control box requirements. Thermostat shall be a wall-mounted electric/electronic
type with appropriate mounting hardware supplied by the controls supplier.

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 F. Box identification: Each airflow control box shall be clearly marked with an
identification label and airflow indicator. Identification label shall include such
information as unit nominal L/S, maximum factory-set L/S, minimum factory-set L/S,
and coil type and coil hand when supplied.

2.10 CONSTANT AIR VOLUME BOXES (Mechanical)

A.. Shall be single duct terminal box for constant volume systems for supply or extract
application, casing with acoustic and thermal lining, erosion resistant to approx. 20
m/s, with circular inlet spigot suitable for DIN circular duct sizes, outlet suitable for
fixing of angle flange or slide on flanges, inspection cover sealed by a quick release
clamping bar, casing air leakage to Class II VDI 3803 and DIN 24194, box complies
with clean room Class 3 VDI 2083 and Class 100 of US Standard 209b.

B. Volume flow rate controller mechanical system powered without external power
supply, with integral bellows doubling as an oscillation damper, high accuracy on
set volume flow rates, differential pressure range 50 to 1500 Pa, volume flow range
5:1.

C. Constructed of galvanized sheet steel casing, lining of attenuator and regulator

section with mineral wool density 30 to 40 kg/m³, erosion protected with laminated
glass fiber scrim up to air velocity of 20 m/s non-flammable to DIN 4102, material
Class A2. Aluminum regulator, polyurethane bellows and stainless steel control
spring. Additional Acoustic Cladding, consisting of 40 mm mineral wool and outer
casing of 1 mm galvanized sheet steel to reduce casing radiated noise.

D. Reheat coil shall be fixed to box discharge, to heat the volume flows, flanged both
sides. Attenuator provided to fit box or reheat coil, to reduce air regenerated noise,
with angle flange or slide on flanges on both ends. Boxes shall be of type and size
as shown on drawings.

2.11 SOUND ATTENUATORS:

A. Refer to Section VIBRATION ISOLATION AND NOISE CONTROL.

2.12 DUCT INSULATION:

A. Refer to Section MECHANICAL INSULATION.

2.13 DUCTWORK FABRICATION

A. Ductwork shall be fabricated in factory qualified for the fabrication of ducts and shall
be subject to approval of the Engineer. Rectangular ducts shall be fabricated in
1200, 2400, 3000, or 3600 mm lengths, unless otherwise indicated or required to
complete runs. Round ducts (if used) shall be provided in manufacturer’s standard
lengths. Pre-assemble work in shop to greatest extent possible, so as to minimize
field assembly of systems. Disassemble systems only to extent necessary for
shipping and handling. Match-mark sections for reassembly and coordinated
installation.

B. Shop fabricate ductwork of gages and reinforcement complying with SMACNA -

HVAC Duct Construction Standards -and/or ASHRAE Handbook, Equipment
Volume, Chapter 16; Duct Construction; for appropriate static pressure rating
classification.

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 C. Fabricate duct fittings to match adjoining ducts, and to comply with duct
requirements as applicable to fittings. Except as otherwise indicated, fabricate
elbows with centerline radius equal to associated duct width; and fabricate to
include turning vanes in elbows where shorter radius is necessary. Limit angular
tapers to 30o for contracting tapers and 20o for expanding tapers.

D. Fabricate ductwork with accessories installed during fabrication to the greatest

extent possible.

E. Fabricate ductwork with duct liner in each section of duct where indicated. Laminate
liner to internal surfaces of duct in accordance with instructions by manufacturers of
lining and adhesive, and fasten with mechanical fasteners.

2.14 DIFFUSERS, REGISTERS AND GRILLES

A. General: Diffusers, registers and grilles shall be factory fabricated of aluminum, type
and finish as shown on the drawings or as approved by the Engineer.

B. Submittal:

1. A schedule of all air inlets and outlets indicating location, types, specified air
quantity, neck or face velocity, sound power level values, and maximum and
minimum air quantity ranges.

2. Copies of manufacturer's technical specifications including detailed installation

instructions for ducts and hardware.

3. Certificates of compliance stating that the material used and construction

conform to all requirements of this specification.

4. The Contractor shall be responsible for diffusion, spread, drop and throw. If,
according to the certified data of manufacturer of the proposed units, the sizes
indicated on Drawings will not perform satisfactorily, units shall be re-selected
to perform quietly and effectively in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendation.

C. Diffusers shall distribute the specified quantity of air evenly over space intended,
without causing noticeable drafts, air movement in excess of 0.25 m/sec in occupied
zones, or dead spots anywhere in the conditioned area.

D. Ceiling diffusers shall be of the square, round, perforated and/or linear slot, bar type
as shown on the drawings. The type of ceiling construction where the diffusers are
to be installed shall determine the type of compatible diffuser rings or frames to be
provided. Diffusers shall be sized in accordance with the recommendations of the
manufacturer. Diffusers shall be equipped with baffles or other devices required to
provide air distribution pattern. Factory fabricated turning vanes, furnished by the
diffuser manufacturer, shall be provided at each diffuser, branch duct, or take-off,
except where flexible ductwork is used. Opposed blade volume damper and
separate pattern adjustment shall be provided by the diffuser manufacturer and
shall be installed so that it can be removed through the diffuser neck for exhaust
and shall be similar to diffusers used for supply, except that elements used solely
for air pattern control shall be omitted.

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 Diffuser shells, frames, perforated face plates, and all air volume controls and air
turning devices shall have baked-on flat enamel or equivalent finish. Color of finish
for shells and other component parts shall be gray or off-white. Color of exposed
frames and face plates shall be as approved by the Engineer.

E. Registers shall be provided with factory fabricated volume dampers furnished by the
register manufacturer. Volume dampers shall be of the group-operated, opposed
blade type and shall be key and adjustable. Supply registers shall have two sets
(horizontal and vertical) of directional blades or vanes. Exhaust and return registers
shall be similar to supply registers, except that they shall have a single set of non-
directional face bars or vanes having the same appearance as the supply registers.
Registers shall be factory primed, ready for finish painting. Volume dampers and
splitter assemblies shall be factory finished in baked black enamel or equivalent.

F. Grilles shall be manufactured and finished in same manner as registers, except that
volume dampers shall be omitted. Grilles, volume adjusters and air control devices
made of steel (if required) shall be zinc-phosphate treated prior to priming and
finishing.

G. Luminar Flow Diffusers: Luminar flow diffusers shall generate a low velocity, evenly
distributed, downward moving “Piston” of conditioned air and shall be suitable
operation theatres. The unit shall help to protect the area from contaminated air.
Center plug shall be removable from face for access to screwdriver slot for damper
adjustment. Perforated face shall be quickly removable by loosening turn fasteners.
Safety chain shall prevent accidental dropping of perforated face after removal.
Internal baffles shall distribute air evenly over perforated face. Perforations shall be
3/32” dia. on 1/4” centers in a 60” staggered pattern. Diffusers shall be of stainless
steel 304 with satin finish, size as shown on drawings.

Luminar flow diffusers shall be equipped with get seal replaceable HEPA / ULPA
filter with efficiency of not less than 99.995% at MPPS (H14 acc. to prEN1822).
Hood design shall enable filter installation and exchange from the room side.

2.15 FRESH AIR INTAKE AND RELIEF OUTLET (VENT) HOOD:

A. Hood shall be constructed of heavy gauge extruded aluminum louvers. Blades

shall be of storm proof extruded aluminum with corners mitered and welded. Roof
and curb caps shall be formed by heavy gauge aluminum and the assembly shall
be braced by angular steel.

B. Provide birdscreen, built-up curb and cleanable filters, where required. Size shall be
as shown on the drawings.

2.16 AIR FILTERS

A. All outside air and recirculated air shall be filtered, except as noted. Filters shall be
underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. listed filters. Air flow shall not exceed rated capacity
at specified efficiency. Performance shall be tested and certified per ASHRAE
Standard 52-76.

B. Definitions:

1. Efficiency: as measured by the Dust Spot Method on Atmospheric Air, per

ASHRAE Test Standard 52-76, unless otherwise noted.

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 2. Arrestance: per ASHRAE Test Standard 52-76.

3. Dust holding capacity: per ASHRAE Test Standard 52-76.

C. Filter types, provide as follows:

1. Flat Panel Filter, Replaceable Type (F1).

2. Bag Filter, Extended Surface Type (F2).

3. Cartridge Filter (F3).

4. Inertial Filter (ISF).

5. HEPA

D. Flat Panel Filters, Replaceable Type (F1): Pleated media shall be blend of cotton
and synthetic fibers, UL Class II. Casing shall be double wall, rigid chipboard frame
with expanded metal media support, cross braced on both sides of filter. Thickness
shall be as noted.

1. Filter frames shall be metal with holding latches. The filter shall have an
average atmospheric dust spot efficiency of not less than 25 to 30% when
tested in accordance with ASHRAE Test Standard 52-76. Initial resistance at
2.7 m/s face velocity shall be maximum 50 kPa for 50 mm thick unit.

2. Provide filters similar to American Air Filter, AM-AIR 301.

E. Bag Filters, Extended Surface, Non-Supported Type (F2): Provide replaceable bag
type, UL Class I or Class II as noted. Glass fiber media shall be supported on
leaving side with flexible mesh. . The filter shall have an average atmospheric dust
spot efficiency of not less than 60 to 65% when tested in accordance with ASHRAE
Test Standard 52-76.

1. Side access housings (for low and medium efficiency filters): Filter mounting
section shall be fully factory assembled and dimensionally compatible with
factory fabricated air handling units, or as shown on plans.

a. Provide hinged and recessed access doors on both sides of each

housing with hinged cast aluminum spring loaded latches on opposite
sides of each door and closed cell neoprene rubber perimeter
gasketing. Hinges shall be zinc plated.

b. Provide molded polyvinyl chloride flexible filter sealing gaskets with

extruded aluminum retainers. Sealing pressure shall be applied against
entering air face of filter header. Seal adjacent filters by vertical gasket
strips attached to filter header.

c. Housing shall be minimum 16 gauge galvanized steel construction with

100 mm turned-in flanges for attachment to adjacent equipment. Pre-
drilled attachment holes shall be on not more than 300 mm centers.
Provide integral track, for 50 mm thick pre-filters.

d. Insulate internally the same as air handling unit casing.

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 F. Cartridge Filters (F3): Filter shall consist of water resistant media made from ultra
fine glass filters. Media shall be pleated and have crimped aluminum separators to
maintain uniform spacing. The pleated media pack shall be inserted into galvanized
steel cell sides with a 19mm galvanized sheet steel header on the air entering side.
The filters shall have crossed wire bracing on air leaving side. . The filter shall have
an average atmospheric dust spot efficiency of not less than 80-85% when tested in
accordance with ASHRAE Test Standard 52-76. Filter shall be UL listed.

G. Inertial Filter (IF): Filter shall be factory fabricated in major sub-assemblies with inlet
air volume 110 percent of primary air delivery and secondary circuit air volume 10
percent of primary air volume. Primary air pressure drop shall not exceed 250 Pa.
Separator shall be designed for particulate concentrations up to:

1. mg per liter and particulate separation shall be accomplished by double

reversal of air flow and positive extraction of secondary air. Efficiency shall be
minimum 89% on Arizona Road Dust Coarse. Construction shall be as
follows:

a. 11 gauge welded and painted mild steel housing.

b. "V" shaped pockets, dust chutes and secondary manifolds shall be type
304 stainless steel.

c. Pocket shall have louvered, tapered sides and horizontal secondary air
slots apex of "V" section.

d. Secondary stage shall have slots manifold and sized for proper
conveying velocity.

H. Filter gauges shall be differential pressure type and dial type with range and minor
divisions as noted under Installation.

I. Filter gauges shall be differential pressure type and dial type with built-in facility for
transmitting a warning signal to the BMS when filter resistance has reached twice
original value or that recommended by air filter manufacturer.

Range and minor divisions shall be as noted under installation. Provide indication
lamps at following locations.

1. Before Filter.

2. After Filter.

3. Provide complete with static pressure taps and two way cocks to permit
calibration.

2.17 DUCT HEATERS

A. Duct heater, where shown on, shall be complete with all accessories. The heater
shall be UL listed for zero clearance and shall meet all applicable requirements of
latest National Electric Code. Heater capacity, voltage, phase and number of steps
shall be as indicated on drawings. Elements shall be constructed of 80% nickel and
20% chromium and steps shall be arranged to prevent stratification when operating

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 at less than full capacity. Terminal box shall be provided with solid cover and
complete box shall be totally enclosed to minimize dust infiltration. All safety devices
shall be serviceable through terminal box. Duct heater shall not energize unless the
supply air fan is on. All temperature controls shall be as shown the drawings.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION OF METAL DUCTWORK

A. General: Assemble and install ductwork in accordance with recognized industry

practices which will achieve air tight (5 percent leakage for systems rated 75 mm
and under; one percent for systems rated over 75 mm) and noiseless (no
objectionable noise) systems, capable of performing each indicated service. Install
each run with minimum number of joints. Align ductwork accurately at connections,
within 3 mm misalignment tolerance and with internal surfaces smooth. Support
ducts rigidly with suitable ties, braces, hangers and anchors of type which will hold
ducts true-to-shape and to prevent buckling. Support vertical ducts at every floor.

B. Field Fabrication: Complete fabrication of work at project as necessary to match

shop-fabricated work and accommodate installation requirements.

C. Routing: Locate ductwork runs, except as otherwise indicated, vertically and

horizontally and avoid diagonal runs wherever possible. Locate runs as indicated by
diagrams, details and notations or, if not otherwise indicated, run ductwork in
shortest route which does not obstruct usable space or block access for servicing
building and its equipment.

Hold ducts close to walls, overhead construction, columns, and other structural and
permanent-enclosure elements of building. Limit clearance to 13 mm where furring
is shown for enclosure or concealment of ducts, but allow for insulation thickness, if
any. Where possible, locate insulated ductwork for 25 mm where furring is shown
for enclosure or concealment of ducts, but allow for insulation thickness, if any.
Where possible, locate insulated ductwork for 25 mm clearance outside of
insulation. Wherever possible in finished and occupied spaces, conceal ductwork
from view, by locating in mechanical shafts, hollow wall construction or above
suspended ceilings. Do not encase horizontal runs in solid partitions, except as
specifically shown. Coordinate layout with suspended ceiling and lighting layouts
and similar finished work.

D. Electrical Equipment Spaces: Do not route ductwork through transformer vaults and
their electrical equipment spaces and enclosures.

E. Penetrations: Where ducts pass through interior partitions and exterior walls,
conceal space between construction opening and duct or duct insulation with sheet
metal flanges of same gage as duct. Overlap opening on 4 sides by at least 38 mm.
Fasten duct and substrate.

F. Coordination: Coordinate duct installations with installation of accessories,

dampers, equipment, controls and other associated work of ductwork system.

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 G. Installation: Install metal ductwork in accordance with SMACNA HVAC Duct
Construction Standards.

3.2 INSTALLATION OF FLEXIBLE DUCTS:

A. Maximum Length: For any duct run using flexible ductwork, do not exceed 1200
mm extended length.

B. Installation: Install in accordance with Section III of SMACNA - HVAC Duct

Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible.

3.3 INSTALLATION OF DUCTWORK ACCESSORIES

A. Install duct accessories in accordance with manufacturer's installation instructions,

with applicable portions of details of construction as shown in SMACNA Standards,
and in accordance with recognized industry practices to ensure that products serve
intended function.

B. Install turning vanes in square or rectangular 90 o elbows in supply and exhaust air
systems, and elsewhere as indicated.

C. Install access doors to open against system air pressure, with latches operable from
either side, except outside only where duct is too small for person to enter.

D. Coordinate with other work, including ductwork, as necessary to interface

installation of duct accessories properly with other work.

3.4 INSTALLATION OF DIFFUSERS, REGISTERS AND GRILLES

A. General: Install diffusers, registers and grilles in accordance with manufacturer's

written instructions and in accordance with recognized industry practices to insure
that products serve intended functions.

B. Coordinate with other work, including ductwork and duct accessories, as necessary
to interface installation of air outlets and inlets with other work.

C. Locate ceiling air diffusers, registers, and grilles, as indicated on Drawings.

3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Leakage Tests:

1. After each duct system which is constructed for duct classes 75 mm of w.g.
and below is completed, test for duct leakage in accordance with SMACNA
Air Duct Leakage Test Manual. Repair leaks and repeat tests until total
leakage is less than 5% of system design air flow.

2. Operate installed duct accessories to demonstrate compliance with

requirements. Test for air leakage while system is operating. Repair or replace
faulty accessories, as required to obtain proper operation and leak-proof
performance.

3.6 EQUIPMENT CONNECTIONS

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 A. General: Connect metal ductwork to equipment as indicated, provide flexible
connection for each ductwork connection to equipment mounted on vibration
isolators, and/or equipment containing rotating machinery. Provide access doors as
indicated.

3.7 ADJUSTING AND CLEANING

A. Clean ductwork internally, unit-by-unit as it is installed, of dust and debris. Clean

external surfaces of foreign substances which might cause corrosive deterioration of
metal or, where ductwork is to be painted, might interfere with painting or cause
paint deterioration.

B. Temporary Closure: At ends of ducts which are not connected to equipment or air
distribution devices at time of ductwork installation, provide temporary closure of
polyethylene film or other covering which will prevent entrance of dust and debris
until time connections are to be completed.

C. Adjusting: Adjust ductwork accessories for proper settings, install fusible links in fire
dampers and adjust for proper action.

3.8 SYSTEM TESTING AND BALANCING

A. Conform to the requirements of Section TESTING, ADJUSTING AND BALANCING.

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