CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT

LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 01: The Fuel and Energy Relationship
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 1
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

1.) In your own words, define what is a fuel and how do they generate energy.

- A fuel is a material that generates energy through a chemical reaction. A fuel can produce heat, light, motion,
or electricity as a kind of energy.
 CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT

LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 01: The Fuel and Energy Relationship
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 2
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

2.) Cite the different classifications of fuels. Explain the reason why they have different energy

values.

- Solid Fuels, liquid fuels and gas fuels. Different fuels have varying degrees of energy density, which can be
assessed in terms of equivalent energy released during burning. Fuel quality is inversely related to its chemical
complexity, hence the higher the energy density, the higher the fuel quality.
 CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT

LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 01: The Fuel and Energy Relationship
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 3
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

3. ) Define what is octane number and discuss its relationship with engine knocking.

- The octane rating is a measurement of a fuel's resistance to detonation (engine knocking) in spark-ignition
internal combustion engines. Because high-performance engines have higher compression ratios and are thus
more prone to detonation, higher octane fuel is required.
 CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT

LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 01: The Fuel and Energy Relationship
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 4
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

4.) Discuss the relationship of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics to energy

production from fuels.

- The potential energy derived from fuels is converted into various forms that can be used as a source of
energy. The energy from the fuel is said to be conserved as a result of this; thus, the First Law of
Thermodynamics, often known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, applies. By going against the Second
Law of Thermodynamics, which claims that "the entropy of the cosmos is increasing," this thermal energy is
taken at random and turned into ordered work.
 CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT

LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 01: The Fuel and Energy Relationship
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 5
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

5.) Look for any food label and calculate the total energy that it can provide.

- A pack of Fudgee bar has 4.5 grams of fat, 25 grams of carbohydrates and 2 grams of protein.
The total energy, in calories, that this pack of Fufgee bar can provide is 148.5 cal.

Solution:
 CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT

LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 02: The Application of Stoichiometry in Combustion Reactions
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 6
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

1.) Distinguish which among the following chemical reactions is (are) combustion reaction(s):

a) 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O - Combustion reaction

b) 2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 +H2O - Decomposition reaction

c) 2C12H26 +37O2 → 24CO2 + 26H2O - Combustion reaction

d) C3H6O + 4O2 → 3CO2 + 3H2O - Combustion reaction

 CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT
LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 02: The Application of Stoichiometry in Combustion Reactions
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 7
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

2.) During combustion, if nitrogen is present in the original fuel, it is converted to N2, not to a

nitrogen-oxygen compound. Write the balanced combustion equation of the fuel

dinitroethylene, whose formula is C2H2N2O4.

- 2C2H2N2O4 + O2 → 4CO2 + 2H2O + 2N2

 CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS – LECTURE ANSWER SHEET FOR ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENT
LESSON NO. & TITLE: LESSON 02: FUELS AND ENERGY

UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 02: The Application of Stoichiometry in Combustion Reactions
NAME: LLANERA, JAFET B. DATE OF SUBMISSION: 07/11/21
ID NO.: 2021-05334-MN-0 PAGE NO: 8
YEAR/COURSE/SECTION: BSME 1-3 TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: 8

3.) 100 grams of water was produced from the complete combustion of naphthalene (C10H8).

Calculate for the initial volume of the fuel in liters. Assume that it is stored in a container

under a pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 25C.

- The balanced chemical equation: C10H8 + 12O2 → 10CO2 + 4H2O

According to the equatione above: n(C10H8) = n(H2O)/4

Moles of H2O = Mass of H2O / Molar mass of H2O

The molar mass of H2O is 18.015 g mol-1.
n(H2O) = 100 g / 18.015 g mol-1 = 5.55 mol
n(C10H8) = n(H2O) / 4 = 5.55 mol / 4 = 1.3875 mol
n(C10H8) = 1.3875 mol

The Ideal Gas equation can be used:

PV = nRT
P = 1 atm
V=?
n = 1.3875 mol
R = 0.082 L atm K-1 mol-1
T = 25°C + 273.15 = 298.15 K
Thus,
V(fuel) = nRT/P
V(fuel) = (1.3875 mol × 0.082 L atm K-1 mol-1 × 298.15 K) / (1 atm) = 33.922 L = 33.9 L
V(fuel) = 33.9 L
The initial volume of the fuel is 33.9 liters.