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>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

Front Cover

<PM ŽZ[\ UIV][KZQX\ Q[ I KWXa WN \PM AWOIKQV\ąUIĜQ IV MIZTa [M^MV\MMV\P!KMV\]Za KWUXQTI!


\QWV WV aWOI _ZQ\\MV Ja ŃQ^üVIVLI[IZI[^I\ć _PW XZWJIJTa ZM[QLML QV >üZüĞI[ć ]VLMZ \PM
ZMQOV WN \PM 5WOP]T Z]TMZ ;PüP 2IPüV IVL PQ[ [WV[" 1 PI^M ^QM_ML UIVa UIV][KZQX\[ WN \PM
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\QWV Q[ PMTL I\ \PM ;KQVLQI 7ZQMV\IT :M[MIZKP 4QJZIZa QV =RRIQV"


>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

Detail of the Final Colophon

<PM ŽVIT KWTWXPWV Q[ \PM [IUM I[ \PI\ WN W\PMZ UIV][KZQX\[ WN \PM AWOIKQV\ąUIĜQ" <PM ZML
IZZW_ XWQV\[ \W \PM JMOQVVQVO WN \PM KWTWXPWV J]\ 1rL TQSM \W LZI_ aW]Z I\\MV\QWV \W \PM
OZMMV IZZW_ _PQKP XWQV\[ I\ \PM LI\M _ZQ\\MV Ja \PM [KZQJM"

>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

1717 jyeṣṭhe !uddha 15 bṛhaspaty["]ṃ p#rṇaḥ

Detail of Scribal Comment

<PM [KZQJMr[ LI\M LWM[ VW\ [XMKQNa _PM\PMZ Q\ Q[ \PM ^QSZIUI WZ ďISI MZI" 0W_M^MZ Q\ LWM[


[XMKQNa \PM JZQOP\ PITN ď]LLPI WN \PM UWV\P VIUML 2aIQĨĜPI \PM ŽN\MMV\P \Q\PQ IVL \PM LIa
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WXMVQVO KWUUMV\ _PQKP ZMIL[$

>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

The beginning of the section on Asana:

Ath!san!ni 84 tatra patañjaliḥ || sthirasukham !sanaṃ ||

Detail of Folio 58 Verso, Line 4

<PM IJW^M KIV JM \ZIV[TI\ML I[$

6W_ \PM
 ą[IVI[" 7V \PQ[ C[]JRMK\E 8I\I¿RITQ C[IQL E IV ą[IVI Q[ [\MILa IVL
KWUNWZ\IJTM"

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\PM [KZQJM WN \PM =RRIQV UIV][KZQX\ QV[MZ\ML \PM 
 _Q\P \PM QV\MV\QWV WN LM[KZQJQVO UWZM
\PIV \PM \PQZ\a!Ž^M ą[IVI[ ][]ITTa NW]VL QV \PM AWOIKQV\ąUIĜQ"


>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

Folio 59 recto

<PQ[ Q[ [WUM_PI\ KWVŽZUML Ja \PM NIK\ \PI\ \PM [KZQJM TQ[\[ \PM ^MZ[M[ WV ą[IVI ZI\PMZ \PIV
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XW[M IZM _ZQ\\MV WV \PM TMN\ [QLM IVL \PM LM[KZQX\QWV WV \PM ZQOP\ [QLM WN MIKP NWTQW"

>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

iti yogacint!maṇ!v !sanasaṅgrahaḥ ||


Folio 61 verso

<PM MVL WN \PM AWOIKQV\ąUIĜQ[ LM[KZQX\QWV WN ą[IVI[ Q[ UIZSML Ja I [KZQJIT KWUUMV\ [PW_V


Ja \PM ZML IZZW_ QV \PM QUIOM IJW^M$ Q\Q aWOIKQV\ąUIĜą^ ą[IVI[IķOZIPIĥ"

<PQ[ KWUUMV\ UIZS[ \PM MVL WN \PM KWTTMK\QWV WN ą[IVI[ QV \PM [\IVLIZL ^MZ[QWV WN \PM AWOI!
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\P KMV\]Za" -M[KZQX\QWV[ IZM OQ^MV NWZ \PM[M ą[IVI[ V]UJMZML  \W "

>WTOP

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

Folio 62 verso

*N\MZ \PM ą[IVI V]UJMZML  I \IJTM PI[ JMMV QV[MZ\ML" 1\ TQ[\[ \PM VIUM[ WN MQOP\a!\_W
ą[IVI[ QV ITXPIJM\QKIT WZLMZ \PW]OP 1 [][XMK\ \PM [KZQJM QV\MVLML MQOP\a!NW]Z"


>WTOP

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

Folio 63 recto

WTTW_QVO \PQ[ \IJTM Q[ IV ]VV]UJMZML TQ[\ WN IXXZW`QUI\MTa WVM!P]VLZML IVL \MV VIUM[ WN
ą[IVI[" <PMZM IZM \PQZ\MMV ZMXM\Q\QWV[ QV \PQ[ TQ[\ [W \PM IK\]IT V]UJMZ WN LQſMZMV\ ą[IVI[ Q[
VQVM\a![M^MV" <PMa PI^M JMMV TQ[\ML LW_V \PM TMN\ [QLM WN MIKP NWTQW" *[ [MMV QV \PM IJW^M
QUIOM \PM [KZQJM QVKT]LML I LM[KZQX\QWV WN \PM ŽZ[\ ą[IVI KITTML IVIV\ą[IVI" <P][ Q\ TWWS[ I[
\PW]OP PM QV\MVLML \W ŽTT W]\ \PM ZM[\ WN \PM NWTQW _Q\P LM[KZQX\QWV[ WN ITT \PM ą[IVI[ J]\ NWZ
[WUM ZMI[WV VM^MZ KWUXTM\ML \PQ["

>WTOP

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

Folio 65 verso

;M^MZIT NWTQW[ PI^M VIUM[ _ZQ\\MV ]X[QLM LW_V WV \PM ZQOP\ [QLM" <PM _ZQ\QVO LM\MZQWZI\M["
0W_M^MZ \PM NWTQW V]UJMZ[ ZMUIQV KWV[Q[\MV\ [W Q\ [MMU[ \PI\ \PQ[ [MK\QWV WN \PM \M`\ _I[
_ZQ\\MV I\ \PM \QUM \PM UIV][KZQX\ _I[ KWXQML"

>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi
Three lists of Āsana

List 1. 55 Āsanas - described in full


! 35 from Yogacintāmaṇi (standard version)
! 20 additional

List 2. 82 Āsanas - names only


! All 55 from List 1
! 27 additional

List 3. 97 Āsanas - names only


! 69 from List 2
! 28 additional

Total Additional Āsanas = 75

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VIħą[IVIę UWPIVILą[MVWS\M d C"""E dd

>WTOP 

The Ujjain Manuscript


Yogacintāmaṇi

Folio 67 recto

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>WTOP 

Chester Beatty
Manuscript
Baḥr al-Ḥayāt

!"ny#sana
Folio 27 verso

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>WTOP 

!"ny#sana
Detail of F.27v

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>WTOP 

Chester Beatty
Manuscript
Baḥr al-Ḥayāt

Garbha !sana

Folio 18 recto

0MZM Q[ I LM\IQT WN \PM aWOQV"


>WTOP 

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>WTOP 

Haṭhapradīpikā
(extended version)

Folio 171 verso

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0IġPIXZILýXQSą"

>WTOP 

Haṭhapradīpikā
(extended version)

saṃvat 1765 (1708 AD)


Folio 171 verso


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>WTOP 

Haṭhābhyāsa-
paddhati

Front and Back Covers

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>WTOP 

Haṭhābhyāsapaddhati
Beginning of the section on Asana:

Folio 2v

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>WTOP 

Haṭhābhyāsapaddhati
Asanas 17 to 20:

Folio 6r

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