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    Shadab Abbas
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    The document provides an overview of a lecture on the introduction to computers. It discusses the differences between humans and computers, the history of early computing devices from the abacus to punched cards, and the five generations of computers from the first generation using vacuum tubes to the current fifth generation using microprocessors. The lecture covers how each generation brought improvements in size, speed, reliability and cost compared to the previous generation as computing technology advanced over time.

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    Introduction to computers notes for beginners.

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    Introduction to Computer 2

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    The document provides an overview of a lecture on the introduction to computers. It discusses the differences between humans and computers, the history of early computing devices from the abacus to punched cards, and the five generations of computers from the first generation using vacuum tubes to the current fifth generation using microprocessors. The lecture covers how each generation brought improvements in size, speed, reliability and cost compared to the previous generation as computing technology advanced over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    22 views20 pages

    Introduction To Computer 2

    Uploaded by

    Shadab Abbas
    The document provides an overview of a lecture on the introduction to computers. It discusses the differences between humans and computers, the history of early computing devices from the abacus to punched cards, and the five generations of computers from the first generation using vacuum tubes to the current fifth generation using microprocessors. The lecture covers how each generation brought improvements in size, speed, reliability and cost compared to the previous generation as computing technology advanced over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 20

    INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

    Lecture # 2
    Course Instructor: Muhammad Sadiq Khan
    University of Science & Technology, Bannu

    1
    LECTURE OVERVIEW

     Human VS Computer

     History of Computer

     Generation of Computer

    2
    HUMAN VS. COMPUTER
    Sr.No HUMAN COMPUTER
    1. Perform numeric Perform numeric
    computations computations at very faster
    speed than humans
    2. Creative Feeded
    3. Remembers or write Stores huge amount of
    information information for long term as
    compared to humans
    4. Gets tired and bored of Best in performing repetitive
    repetitive activity operations
    5. Common sense based Does not have any sense
    judgments
    3
    HISTORICAL DEVICES

    Abacus Napier Bones

    Stepped Reckoner
    Pascaline
    4
    HISTORICAL DEVICES

    Punched Card

    Analytical Engine
    HISTORICAL DEVICES

    Adding Machine Punched Card Tabulator

    Differential Analyzer
    6
    GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER

     Generation in computer science terminology is a step in


    technology.

     It provides a framework for the growth of computer industry.

     It is used to distinguish between various hardware and


    software technologies.

     Till today there are five computer generations.

    7
    ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

    Half Adder

    Vacuum Tube

    Relay Switch
    Integrated Circuit Transistors
    8
    GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER

    9
    1ST GENERATIONS

    Generation Period Hardware Software


    1942-1959 Vacuum Tubes & Magnetic • Machine Language
    Cores • Assembly language

    10
    FEATURE OF 1ST GENERATION

     Hug Size

     Highly Unreliable

     Very Costly

     Difficult to use

     Not for commercial use

     Consumed a lot of electricity

     Generates a lot of heat, so AC needed

    11
    2ND GENERATIONS

    Generation Period Hardware Software


    1959-1965 Transistors & Diodes Low Level Language

    12
    FEATURE OF 2ND GENERATION

     Smaller Size as Compared to fist Generation Computers

     Fast and reliable

     Still Very Costly

     Difficult to use

     Not for commercial use

     Consumed less electricity as Compared to 1st Generation

     Still Generates heat, so AC is required

    13
    3RD GENERATIONS

    Generation Period Hardware Software


    1965- 1970 Integrated Circuits (IC) High level Language

    14
    FEATURE OF 3RD GENERATION

     Smaller Size

     Faster and more reliable

     Still Costly

     Lesser maintenance

     Stared for commercial use

     Consumed lesser electricity

     Generates less Generates heat, but AC is required

    15
    4TH GENERATIONS

    Generation Period Hardware Software


    1970-1980 VLSI Microprocessor High level Language

    16
    FEATURE OF 4TH GENERATION

     Very Small Size and Portable

     Very Fast and much more reliable

     Very Cheap

     Very Less maintenance

     Computer Became easily available

     No AC is required

    17
    5TH GENERATIONS

    Generation Period Hardware Software


    1980-Present ULSI Microprocessor High level Language

    18
    FEATURE OF 5TH GENERATION

     Very Fast and highly reliable

     Availability of very powerful and compact computers at cheaper


    rates

     More User-Friendly interface with multimedia features

     Advancement in Superconductor technology

     Advancement in Parallel Processing

     Development of artificial intelligence

    19
    Enough For Today!!!

    20

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