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  • 3rd Generation Computer

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    Marjana Al Kadir
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    This document summarizes the third generation of computers from 1964-1972. The key developments of this generation included the use of integrated circuits which replaced transistors, making computers smaller, more reliable and efficient. Notable computers from this era included the PDP8 and PDP11 developed by DEC, and the CRA1 developed by Cray Research. Software also advanced, with the introduction of microprogramming, virtual memory, high-level languages, and database management systems. Advantages of third generation computers included their smaller size, better speed, lower maintenance costs and commercial production. However, they still required air conditioning.

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    This document summarizes the third generation of computers from 1964-1972. The key developments of this generation included the use of integrated circuits which replaced transistors, making computers smaller, more reliable and efficient. Notable computers from this era included the PDP8 and PDP11 developed by DEC, and the CRA1 developed by Cray Research. Software also advanced, with the introduction of microprogramming, virtual memory, high-level languages, and database management systems. Advantages of third generation computers included their smaller size, better speed, lower maintenance costs and commercial production. However, they still required air conditioning.

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    23 views13 pages

    3rd Generation Computer

    Uploaded by

    Marjana Al Kadir
    This document summarizes the third generation of computers from 1964-1972. The key developments of this generation included the use of integrated circuits which replaced transistors, making computers smaller, more reliable and efficient. Notable computers from this era included the PDP8 and PDP11 developed by DEC, and the CRA1 developed by Cray Research. Software also advanced, with the introduction of microprogramming, virtual memory, high-level languages, and database management systems. Advantages of third generation computers included their smaller size, better speed, lower maintenance costs and commercial production. However, they still required air conditioning.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 13

    Greetings !

    EVERYONE
    Humayra Aktar Malina

    9th Batch ID# 17100004 Dept. of Business A


    dministration

    Ranada Prasad Saha University


    LET
    ’S B
    3rd
    Generation Compu

    EGI
    ters

    N
    Computer Generations
    Year Wise

    1940-1956 1964-1971 2010 - Tod


    1st Generation 3rd Generation ay5th Generation

    Vacuum Tubes Integrated Circuits Artificial Intelligence

    2nd Generation 4th Generation


    Transistors Microprocessors

    1956-1963 1972-2010
    4
    3rd Generation Computers
    The period of third generation was 1964-1972

    The third generation of


    computer is marked by
    the use of Integrated Ci
    rcuits (IC's) in place of t
    ransistors

    A single I.C has many transistors, resistors and capacitors along with the associated circuit
    ry . The I.C was invented by Jack Kilby .This development made computers smaller in size,
    reliable and efficient.
    5
    Jack St. Clair Kilby
    (November 8, 1923 – June 20, 2005)

    Invented the first Integrated Circuit in 1970


    6
    PDP8 – Developed by DEC in 1965
    PDP11 – Developed by DEC in 1970
    CRA 1 – Developed by CRAY Research in 1974
    TDC 316 - 1975

    16-bit Computers
    The data used to be recorded in a punch card, which was then read by a card reading m
    achine, which in turn, used to give signals to the main frame computer. 10
    Software

     In the beginning magnetic core memories were used. Later they were replaced by semiconductor memories
    (RAM & ROM)
     In this generation size of main memory reached about 100mb.
     Introduced microprogramming
     Microprogramming, parallel processing (pipelining, multiprocessor system etc.), multiprogramming, multi-us
    er system (time shared system) etc. were introduced.
     Operating system software were introduced (efficient sharing of a computer system by several user program
    s)
     Cache and virtual memories were introduced (Cache memory makes the main memory appear faster than it r
    eally is. Virtual memory makes it appear larger)
     High level languages were standardized by ANSI e.g.. ANSI FORTRAN, ANSI COBOL etc.
     Database management, multi-user application, online systems like closed loop process control, airline reserv
    ation, interactive query systems, automatic industrial control etc. emerged during this period.
    11
    02 Advantages & Disadvantages
    Used less energy, Pr
    oduced less heat

    01 03 04
    Better speed and co
    uld calculate data in
    nanoseconds.
    Smaller in size as co Maintenance cost was Versatile to an extent
    mpared to previous g Used fan for heat di low because hardware Commercial producti
    enerations & More re scharge to prevent failure is rare. on increased.
    liable. damage.
    Could be used for hig
    Used mouse and key
    Good storage, Less e h-level languages.
    board for input.
    xpensive
    Better accuracy

    Disadvantages
    Air conditioning was required.
    Highly sophisticated technology required for the manufacturing of IC chips. 12
    Thank You for Watching!
    Any Questions?

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