Higher temperature reduces DO saturation.

These conditions are: • Late summer when the river

flows are low and temperatures are high. The effluent parameter and river parameters at summer
low flow conditions are available. Among the decisions to be made are what effect the plant
discharge will have on each river and which river would be impacted less. the White River. .Example
11 The Pitts Canning Company is considering opening a new plant at one of two possible locations:
the Green River and its twin. 00 5. m Bed-Activity coefficient ө (kd) ө (kr) 0. mg/L Temperature.05
30.00 0. oC Speed.056 1. mg/L DO.00 0.90 25.50 19.00 0.50 19. m Bed-Activity coefficient ө (kd) ө
(kr) 3 White River 0.05 30.d-1 0.Example 11 Effluent Parameter Plant A Flow (m /s) Ultimate BOD at
250C.m3/s Ultimated BOD at 25oC.056 1. m/s Average depth.d-1 3 Plant B 0. 0C k at 20oC.00 0. 0C
k at 20oC. oC Speed.10 4. mg/L DO.20 1.85 25.m /s Ultimated BOD at 25oC.00 0. mg/L
Temperature.00 0.024 . m/s Average depth. mg/L Temperature.12 Flow (m3/s) Ultimate BOD at
250C. mg/L DO.024 Flow.20 4.00 0.00 5. mg/L DO.85 25.90 25. mg/L Temperature.20 1.00 0.07
River Parameter Green River Flow. B-Green. kr 8. mg/L 3. mg/L . Calculate deoxygenation rate
constant at 20oC. mg/L 10. A-White. Calculate Initial deficit (Da). mg/L 4. Calculate reaeration rate
constant at 25oC. d 9. kd 6. Calculate critical DO. Calculate reaeration rate constant at 20oC.
Calculate Initial DO after mixing. g/L 2. B-White) 1. Calculate deoxygenation rate constant at
25oC.Example 11 Solution (See attached Excel file “Do Sag Curve”) : we have four combinations (A-
Green. Calculate La (ultimate BOD after mixing). kd 5. Calculate critical time. Calculate critical
deficit. kr 7. 2455 4.47 5.00 6.1736 5.1578 0.0973 0.1643 0.2455 4.10 B-White 0.Example 11 A-
Green 0.96 6.1736 5.14 0.93 1.45 B-Green 0.32 3.06 kd kr tc Dc DOc .09 8.28 2.24 A-White 0.1039 0.
d-1 Ln = ultimate nitrogenous BOD after waste and river have mixed. mg/L .kn Where kn =
nitrogenous deoxygenation coefficient.Nitrogenous BOD The NBOD can be incorporated into the DO
sag equation by adding an additional term to the equation D= kd La k L (e − k d t − e -k r t ) + Da (e −
k r t ) + n n (e − k n t − e − k r t ) k r − kd kr . serve as nutrients for excessive growth of algae.Effect of
Nutrients on Water Quality in Rivers Effects of nitrogen: 1. This will cause further reduction in the DO
supply of water body. in low concentrations. they become an oxygen-demanding organic material for
bacteria.consumes large quantities of DO. Effect of phosphorous: Serves as a vital nutrient for the
growth of algae. The conversion of NH4+ to NO3. In high concentration. NH3-N is toxic to fish 2. and
NO3. . NH3. When algae dies. 3.