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TLE – Technology and LiIvelihood Education (Animal Production) Grade 7/8
Exploratory
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter1– Module 4: Performing Estimation and Basic Calculation
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has
been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education, Division of Palawan

Schools Division Superintendent:
Natividad P. Bayubay, CESO VI
Assistant Schools Division Superintendents:
Loida Palay-Adornado, Ph.D.
Felix M. Famaran

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Michelle S. Sianson

Elisa C. Moreno
Vine Catherine B. Cadlaon

Editors: Meliza P. Balmonte

Erma S. Bacosa
Reviewers: Li Ann A. Cabutin/ Rhodora C. Carim/ Evelyn T. Jardin
Illustrator: Jerin B. Octa
Layout Artist: Jerin B. Octa
Management Team: Aurelia B. Marquez
Rodgie S. Demalinao
Clemencia G. Paduga
Mary jane D. Virrey

Printed in the Philippines, by ________________________

Department of Education – MIMAROPA Region – Division of Palawan

Office Address: PEO Road, Barangay Bancao-Bancao, Puerto Princesa City
Telephone: (048) 433-6392
E-mail Address: palawan@deped.gov.ph

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Introductory Message
To the Facilitators:

Welcome to the TLE 7/8 Exploratory-Animal Production Module 4 Performing

Estimation and Basic Calculation.

Module 4 contains basic lessons about exploratory of Animal Production-Performing

Estimation and Basic Calculation that the students will need in the future. We actively
collaborate with each other to create a good learner’s material. We design and write the
information that we know may be applied in the future. The information gathered was
summarized to shorten and to be easily understood. Thank you for making this module as one
of your sources.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help
you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.

To the Learners:

Welcome to the TLE 7/8 Exploratory- Animal Production Module 4 Performing

Estimation and Basic Calculation

Module 4 is made for you to learn different things about Animal Production that will
help you improve and develop your skills in business management in terms of poultry industry,
piggery and others. It will guide you how to properly estimate and calculate the area, feeds,
number of animal produce and other related matter in animal production. We hope to see you
enjoying this module. Thank you for making this module as one of your reading and learning
materials.

This module has the following parts to assist you.

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 What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take. If
you get all the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

you in various ways such as a story, a song, a
poem, a problem opener, an activity, or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice

to solidify your understanding and skills of the
topic. You may check the answers to the exercises
using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentences/paragraphs to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill in real-life
situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you

to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned. This also tends to the retention of learned
concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

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 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain a
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it

What I need to know

Welcome to the world of Animal Production

This module covers 1 lesson that a Grade 7 / Grade 8 Technology and Livelihood
Education (TLE) student like you ought to understand.

As shown below, each Lesson is directed to the attainment of one or two learning
outcomes:

Lesson 4: Performing Estimation and Basic Calculation

LO1. Perform estimation or basic calculation in the workplace.

1.1 Follow procedures in reporting to appropriate person/s the estimate of materials

and resources.
1.2 Perform estimations is calculations to be done according to the job requirement.
1.3 Employ different techniques in checking accuracy of result.

Your success in this exploratory course on Handicraft is shown in your ability to

perform the performance standards found in each learning outcome.

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 What I know
Let us see how much you know about Estimation and Calculations.

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in your test
notebook.
1. A type of feed where newly chicks ages 0-10 weeks should be fed with a
protein level between 10%-20%.
A. grower feed
B. starter feed
C. Finisher feed
D. fermented feed
For question number 2-4.
Which is the recommended space requirement for broilers

2. Day-old to three weeks?

A. 0.5 sq.ft/chick
B. 0.2 sq.ft/chick
C. 0.3 sq.ft/chick
D. 0.8 sq.ft/chick

3. 3 weeks to 4 weeks?
A. 0.5 sq.ft/chick
B. 0.3 sq.ft/chick
C. 0.4 sq.ft/chick
0.6 sq.ft/chick
4. 5 weeks to market age?
A. 7.5 to 9 cm./bird
B. 5 to 6.5 cm./ bird
C. 2.5 to 5 cm./bird
D. 1.0 sq.ft./bird
For question number 5-7.
Recommended Minimum Watering Space Requirements

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 5. Day –old to 4 weeks
A. 0.5 cm./bird or two 1 gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
B. 0.9 cm./bird or two 1 gal.drinking fountains/ 100 birds
C. 0.7 cm./bird or two 1 gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
D. 0.4 cm./bird or two 1 gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
6. 4 weeks to 8 weeks
A. 0.2 cm. to 1 cm./bird or two 2 gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
B. 0.9 cm.to 1 cm/bird or two 2 gal.drinking fountains/ 100 birds
C. 0.6 cm.to 1 cm/bird or two 2 gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
D. 0.4 cm. to 1cm/bird or two 2 gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
7. 9 weeks to near laying age
A. 0.5 cm. to 2 cm./bird or four 2- gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
B. 0.8 cm.to 2 cm/bird or four 2- gal.drinking fountains/ 100 birds
C. 0.6 cm.to 2 cm/bird or four 2- gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
D. 1 to 2 cm./bird or four 2- gal. drinking fountains/100 birds
8. Bird can live longer without food but not without _____________.
A. Corn
B. Space
C. Good temperature
D. Water

9. This type of feed is used to support the growth of the new chickens after 6
weeks of feeding with chick starter.
A. Grower feed
B. Layer feed
C. Flock raiser
D. Game bird feed
E.
10. When is brooding temperature needed?
A. It is needed by roosters to be strong.
B. It is needed for the cold weather.
C.It is needed for egg development.

D.It is needed when floor is wet.

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 What’s In

Activity 1.
Directions: Answer what is asked. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
Observe animals around you especially animals that produce meat, milk and
eggs.

Enumerate animals that produces meat, eggs and milk.

i. ___________________________________
ii. ___________________________________
iii. ___________________________________

What are the basic needs of the animals?

1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________

What’s New

Activity 2
Give what is asked. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
Write animals you may have in animal production.

1. ______________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________

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 Explain why you choose those animals in animal production.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What is It

SPACE

If you’re planning to start with a small flock, start with at least three chickens. They like
to be active, and they require space. They prefer space to roam, rather than
confinement, although sometimes they need to be confined. Other times, foraging in
your garden is best.

If you have more space, perhaps you want a larger flock. Having chickens is addicting.
It is common for people to increase their flock over time with new breeds, adoption,
and the tempting visit to the feed store.

Suggested Space Requirements for Chicken Coops and Outside Pens

Chicken Coop Space Outside Pen Space
Breed
Requirement Requirement
Large Chickens 8 to 10 square feet per
2 square feet per bird
(standard) bird
Bantam Chickens 1 square foot per bird 4 square feet per bird

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FEEDS

1. Chick Starter. The chick starter is a kind of grain feed that has the highest amount
of protein. It looks a lot like grains of sand or dirt. The high protein amount is needed
by the newly hatched chicks for it to grow quick and healthy. It is also in crumbles so
that the chick can easily eat and swallow the chicken feeds. Feed the chick starter to
the chicks that just hatched until they grow and graduate to the other kind of feeder,
which is the grower feed at around 4-6 weeks of age.

2. Grower Feed. The grower feed is a type of feed that has less protein than the chick
starter, but still has more than layer feed, which is another type of feed. This type of
feed is used to support the growth of the new chickens after 6 weeks of feeding with
chick starter until they can lay their first eggs. The grower feed may either be crumbled
or pellet type. Some people prefer the pellet type of grower feed for it is less wasted
than the crumbled ones. But others prefer the crumbled type and they make it into a
porridge looking feed so it will waste less, too.

3. Layer Feed. The layer feed is a type of feed that is fed to the hens when they started
laying their first eggs. This feed is made to support their bodies for their egg
production. This feed has a high calcium amount and is good for the egg
production. However, high calcium is harmful to the liver and kidney for those chickens
who does not lay eggs, especially the young chickens and roosters and also those
older chickens.

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4. Flock Raiser. The layer feed is another type of feed for all the mixed flock of
chickens you have. Whether the flock has some egg laying hens and some young
chickens or even some rooster. This is the all-around feed for all ages. However,
feeding this type of feed to the hens that lays eggs means that the feed has less
calcium that the hen needs for egg production, resulting in weak eggs and the bodies
of those hens also weakens.

5. Broiler Feed. The broiler feed is a type of feed that is has a very high amount of
protein, much higher that you want for your normal chicken feed. This feed has one
purpose, for the chicken’s fast growth and nothing else. This is what commercial
chicken farms use for their chickens for fast produce and delivered fast to the
slaughterhouses. The feed makes the chicken grow very fast that in 2 months, you’ll
have a full-grown chicken.

6. Game Bird Feed. The game bird feed is another type of feed that has a high protein
amount, but less that the broiler feed. This is usually fed to show chickens. It can make
their feathers shinier and have the chicken gain a bit more weight than normal
chickens. Some people also use this feed for elderly chickens for them to gain more
weight. This feed is a bit more expensive than what you usually feed the whole flock.

7. Fermented Feed. Fermented feed is another type of feed that is made by adding
any type of feed of your choice and mixing it with warm water and placing it in a
container or an airtight bucket and letting it sit in hot or warm weather for 2 to 5 days.
This triggers the fermentation process that changes the chemical composition of the
feed and adding beneficial bacteria to it. It is like pickles for the chicken, but feeds
instead.

8. Cracked Corn. The cracked corn is a type of feed that is very cheap, but does not
have enough protein and nutrients that the chicken need. It is a type of feed that is
high in fat and very low in nutrients. Some people usually use cracked corn as a treat
for their chickens or can be used as their feed during winter, where fats is needed.

BROODING TEMPERATURES

Proper conditions are necessary for baby poultry changes during the first weeks of
life. Ensure baby poultry are dry and bedding materials are not wet. Hypothermia
due to wet conditions is one of the most common causes of baby poultry deaths in
small farms. Poultry flock owners should strive to follow the suggested temperatures
in the chart below by regulating heat in the brooding unit. The temperatures should
be measured at the outer edge of the hover (a canopy type brooding unit/lamp) 4 to
6 inches (10.2 to 15.2 centimeters) above the floor. Room temperature should not be
over 75°F (23.9°C) during the first few weeks. It is advisable to keep room
temperature in the correct range to encourage rapid feathering of the chicks. If
weather conditions change outside of the brooding unit, attend quickly to

6
temperatures to see if adjustments need to be made.

Age Brooding Temperature

0 to 1 week 93° to 95°F (33.9° to 35°C)
1 to 2 weeks 88° to 90°F (31.1° to 32.2°C)
2 to 3 weeks 83° to 85°F (28.3° to 29.4°C)
3 to 4 weeks 78° to 80°F (25.6° to 26.7°C)
4 to 5 weeks 75°F (23.9°C)
5 to 6 weeks 70°F (21.1°C)
6 weeks and over Comfort Zone 50° to 70°F (10° to 21.1°C)

WATER

Birds can live longer without food than without water. Lack of a consistent supply of
fresh water hinders the growth of young poultry; it leads to low egg production and
early molting in the laying flock.

How do you choose the best quality of poultry meat for human consumption?

Data Gathered

The data gathered were the average initial weight, average final weight, average body
weight gain, average daily weight gain, average total feed consumption, average feed
efficiency, average azolla meal consumption, and return above feed and
supplementation cost.

Data gathered were derived using the following formula:

Initial Weight = Weight of the experimental animals at the start of the feeding period

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Final Weight = Weight of the experimental animals at the end of the feeding period of
35 days

Body Weight Gain = Final Weight – Initial Weight

Average Daily Gain =

Feed Consumption = Total weight of feeds given – left over

Feed Efficiency =

How do you produce chicken?

EGG PRODUCTION

The final objective of data collection on egg production is to estimate total egg
production at country level, regardless whether the eggs are used for human
consumption or hatching.

If the data collection covers a shorter period (such as one, three or six
months), total production for a 12-month reference period must be
estimated.
Apart from seasonal fluctuations and breed productivity, the breeding
system significantly influences the level of productivity; therefore, it is more
appropriate to adopt different approaches for different types of agricultural
holdings:
a. Commercial holdings – data on the total number and weight of the
eggs produced for the reference period, as well as the average number
of eggs per laying hen, can be obtained directly from the administrative
records, farm diaries or notes, etc.
b. Small holdings – data on total egg production for the reference period
or eggs per hen are not readily available, or are not reliably estimated by
the farmer. Different productivity measures can be calculated at farm
level, including the total number of eggs produced over the lifetime of a
hen, the hens’ production cycle, the average number of eggs collected
per day, the average number of clutches, the number of eggs per clutch,
and clutch management (the share of eggs removed for consumption).
Focus groups may be used to obtain data on the seasonality of egg
production (using the proportional piling technique).

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CALCULATING EGG PRODUCTION AT FARM LEVEL: EXAMPLES.

There are many ways to estimate the total production of eggs and the average
production of eggs per laying hen at farm level.

Smallholders

Example

The number of laying hens is 10. On the average, the farmer collects 6 eggs per day
in 6 months

✓ There are 30 days in a month.

✓ There are 10 hens laying eggs.
✓ There are 6 eggs per day

𝑒𝑔𝑔𝑠 = 10 × 6 = 60 𝑒𝑔𝑔𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑦

𝑒𝑔𝑔𝑠 = 60 × 30 = 1800 𝑒𝑔𝑔𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ

𝑒𝑔𝑔𝑠 = 1800 × 6 = 10800 𝑒𝑔𝑔𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ

The Global Strategy’s project titled “Improving methods for estimating livestock
production and productivity” tested an alternative method for estimating egg
production on the farm, which is applicable to smallholders. The following auxiliary
variables must be collected either by the farmer or through a focus group:

✓ number of laying hens

✓ average number of clutches per hen per year
✓ average number of eggs per clutch

EXAMPLES OF HERD STRUCTURES.

For each livestock type:

✓ Number of animals of which:

a. Number of female breeding animals
✓ Number of animals:
a. age
b. sex

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EXAMPLE OF LIST OF GATHERING DATA

Goats: lamb/kid (less than 1 year); adult sheep/goat (1 year or more) •

Pigs: piglet (less than 3 months); young pig (3 months to 9 months), adult pig
(over 9 months) •

Goats: Lamb/Kid Number of Goats

Less than 1 year 5
1 year or more 3

The total number of goats is 8.

Pigs: piglet Number of pigs

Less than 3 months 9
3 months to 9 months 7
Over 9 months 2
The total number of pigs is 18

What’s More!
Activity 3
Answer the question below by referring to the data.

Chicken 1st Month 2nd Month Total

Hen 2 4 6
Chicks 4 9 13
Eggs 6 14 20

1. What is the total number of hen and chicks?

_____________________________________________

2. What do you observe in the number of chickens from the first month to second
month? _______________________________________________________

3. What is the recommended space for hen?

______________________________________________

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 What I have learned

Activity 4
Directions: In 3-5 sentences complete the following statements by providing what you
already know and what you have learned.

After I study this module…

I already know something about…
____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________

I have learned that…

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________

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 What I can Do

Activity 5
Compute for the number of chickens after 6 months if you already have 3 hens
with 10 eggs each and 13 chicks if hens will not lay eggs anymore.

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 Assessment

Directions: Choose and write the letter of the correct answer in your test notebook.

1. What is the space requirement of day old to four weeks of chicken for the layers?
A. 30 square inches per chick
B. 50 to 60 square cm. per bird
C. 15 square inches per chick
D. None of the above.

2. What is the space requirement outside pen for large chicken?

A. 2 square feet per bird
B. 1 square feet per bird
C. 8 to 10 square feet per bird
D. 4 square feet per bird

3. If the broiler is already 4 weeks, what is the space requirement?

A. 1 square feet per bird.
B. ½ square feet per chick.
C. 0.3 square feet per chick.
D. 30 square inch per chick.

4. What is the recommended minimum feeding space requirements of layers?

A. 10 centimeters per bird

B. 7.5 to 9 centimeter per bird

C.5 to 6.5 centimeter per bird

D. 2.5t to 5 centimeter per bird

5. This type of feed is used to support the growth of the new chickens after 6 weeks of feeding
with chick starter.
A. Grower feed
B. Layer feed
C. Flock raiser
D. Game bird feed
6. Bird can live longer without food but not without _____________.
1. Corn
2. Space
3. Good temperature
4. Water

13
7. When can you say that the broiler is good for market as meat?
A. If the feathers are white and silky.
B. If the size and weight of the chicken is good for meat.
C. If the chicken produces more eggs.
D. If the chicken cannot lay eggs.

8. The following statement are good results of estimation of feeding except:

A. Chicken can gain enough nutrition and weight.
B. Monitored feeding can help in budget making.
C. No selection of types of feeds.
D. Tentative date of disposal is monitored.

9. When is brooding temperature needed?

A. It is needed by roosters to be strong.
B. It is needed for the cold weather.
C. It is needed for egg development.
D. It is needed when floor is wet.

10. When can you say that your poultry production is successful?
A. When the number of chickens increases.
B. When feeds are consumed by the chicken.
C. When the space requirement is meet.
D. When the eggs crack successfully.

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 Additional Activities

Directions: Look around your house and input necessary data in the table.

Hen A

Eggs

Chicks

Total

Hen B

Eggs

Chicks

Total

Hen C

Eggs

Chicks

Total

15
 Answer Key

Answer key
Pre Test

1. B Assessment
2. C
3. A 1. C
4. D 2. A
5. A 3. B
6. C 4. A
7. D 5. A
8. D 6. D
9. A 7. B
8. C
10. C
9. C
Activity 1 10. A

Answer may vary or interchanged Additional activities

1. Chicken Answer may vary

2. Cow
3. Pig
4. Goat
Etc.

Activity 2
1. Chicken
2. Cow
3. Pig
Answer may vary
Activity 3

1. 19
2. The number of chicken
increases
3. 2 square feet per bird
Activity 5
1. 46 chickens

16
References
Books:

Grade 7 TLE-Animal Production

Websites:
https://www.cnet.com/how-to/remove-rust-stains-from-kitchen-knives-with-vinegar/

http://www.fao.org/3/i3531e/i3531e.pdf
https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/lesson-23.html

http://www.ruralfinanceandinvestment.org/sites/default/files/1163528668803_Basic_
calculations_en.pdf
https://gltnhs-tle.weebly.com/lesson-46.html

http://gsars.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/GS-LIVESTOCK-GUIDELINES-
completo-06.pdf
https://medium.com/new-farmer/square-feet-per-broiler-chicken-f17d47e75bd

https://extension2.missouri.edu/g8351
https://www.coopsandcages.com.au/blog/8-different-types-chicken-feeds/
https://www.livestocking.net/5-methods-of-identifying-farm-animals

https://en.engormix.com/poultry-industry/articles/growth-performance-broiler-
chicken-t36472.htm

17
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – SDO Palawan
Curriculum Implementation Division Office
2nd Floor DepEd Palawan Building
Telephone no. (048) 433-3292

Learning Resources Management Section

LRMS Building, PEO Compound
Telephone no. (048) 434-0099

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