RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

BANGALORE, KARNATAKA

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

NAME OF THE
Mr. Alex .P George
1 CANDIDATE AND
ADDRESS

NOOR COLLEGE OF NURSING,

NAME OF THE
2 NO.5, BHOOPASANDRA MAIN ROAD,
INSTITUTION
RMV II STAGE, BANGALORE-94.

COURSE OF THE STUDY M.SC. NURSING, 1ST YEAR,

3 AND SUBJECT COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

01-06-2011
4 DATE OF ADMISSION

“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE

EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED
TEACHING PROGRAMME ON
5 TITLE OF THE TOPIC
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING DRUG ABUSE
PROBLEM AMONG ADOLESCENCE BOYS
AT SUN RISE COLLEGE, BANGALORE”.
BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK
6. INTRODUCTION:-
Adolescence is an important segment of our society with one fifth of them
constituting the population. As per WHO (1986) defined adolescent as the period of
transition from childhood to adulthood in the age range of 10-20 years. Thus it is the
largest ever generation in human history. In India 21% of the total population comprises
of adolescents. (National youth policy 2000). Adolescence is a stage between child hood
and manhood / womanhood. It is a stage when he cannot make his responsibility of a
situation.
According to world health organization and the American psychiatric association,
drug abuse is the illicit consumption of an naturally occurring or pharmaceutical
substances for the purpose of changing the way in which a person feels, think or behaves,
without understanding or taking into consideration the damaging, physical and mental
side effects that are caused1.
An articles published by Dr. Ask. Felex, on commonly abuse drugs among
adolescents in India are Alcohol, Smoking, tobacco, cough syrup containing codeine, and
cap. Spasmoproxyvon etc.2
Drug abuse is a worldwide problem, not confined to either the developed on the
developing countries. It is not the problem of the individual but also affects the family
and the society at large. In India substance abuse has been recognized as a growing
problem in person from all works of life. It is ride spread among adolescents, young
adults and ethers, drug abuse are most common during adolescence. At the age of 10-20
years, the use of drug abuses in adolescence represents a serious public health problems3.
Drugs abuses are most common during adolescence. According to world health
organization, adolescent is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood in the age
mange of 10-20 years. At the age of 10-20 years, the use of drug abuse in adolescent
represents a serious public health problem.3
According to national health survey report of drug abuse says that 62.42 million
peoples are using alcohol, 8.75 million uses (cannalsis), 2.04 million uses (opiates such
as serious, opium bupre morphine, proproxyphone) 0.29 million uses (sedative) the users
were mostly male and 8% of drug users are female. 17-20% of current drug uses where
classified on considered as dependent users on addicts.4
A study conducted on incidence estimation of substance abuse in adolescence.
The study shows that the annual incidence rate in India among males for any drug use,
are 5.9% alcohol use 4.2%., tobacco 4.9% cannabis 0.02% and uploads 0.04% and in
female incidence of any drug use who 1.2%.5
One of the most important effect of drug abuse is impaired judgment and a lack of
rational thinking, drug addicts also develop psychological problems such depression,
anxiety irritability, personality problems. During abuse a range of health problem such as
unsafe sex, needle sharing which contributed to the spread of infection disease such as
HIV/AIDs and hepatitis B and C.2

6.1. NEED FOR THE STUDY:-

Drugs are used to care an illness, prevent a disease or improve the health
condition. But when drugs are taken for reasons than medical purposes, it become drug
abuse. The recent and the most disturbing features is the drug abuse is the greater
proportion of involvement of teenager and young adults. 3
Many studies conducted over the years in various countries consistently revealed
that the use of drugs is high among adolescents. Adolescents by natures are said to be
dynamic and venture some and often turn to habits such as drug abuse in order to avoid
frustration of daily living3.
The impact of drug abuse among adolescents includes psychological, social
physical problems etc. that need a close focus and intervention since they are the future
generation.3
Drug abuse is a worldwide problem. It is not only the problem of the individual,
but also affects the family and the society at large. In India drug abuse has been
recognized as a growing problem. It is wide spread among adolescents; young adult 1.5%
to 50% students are using drug.6
A study conducted on effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding
advice effect of tobacco-smoking on knowledge gain of X standard students in selected
school. The study shows that adolescent is to be vulnerable to number of risk causing
behavior like drug especially drug abuse 4.54% of drug users were at the age 12-17 years,
13.86% in age group of 18-23 years. If this pattern is continue in the futures tobacco use
will result in the death of 250 million of people who are adolescent today.7
Drug abuse and drug dependences for their habit but they also are the significant
risk of acquiring and transmitting human-immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B
through the use of contaminated needles.3
It is necessary to protect and prevent thus public health problem. It is necessary to
assess the knowledge regarding drug abuse problem and also must help the adolescence
to change their behavior.3
Keeping the above information in investigator’ mind, prevent of drug abuse
among adolescent in needled by providing teaching in school and outside through non
formal teaching session which will help to change their behavior and to prevent the
adolescence health problems.

6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:-

Review of literature is the key step in research process. Review of literature refers
to an extensive, exhaustive and systematic examination of publication relevant to the
research topic. A through literature review focus on prior research provides a foundation
on which to base knowledge.
According to Polit and Hungler (1999) review of literature is a critical summary
of research on a topic of interest generally prepared to put a research problem in content
on to identify gaps and weakness in prior studies so as to justify a new investigation.
Literature review for the present study has been collected presented under the following
heading:-
6.2.1 General information about drug abuse
6.2.2 Problem associated with drug abuse
6.2.3 Knowledge of adolescent regarding drug abuse
6.2.4 Effectiveness of planned teaching programme

Literature related to:

6.2.1 General information about drug abuse:-
Drug abuse is the use of illicit drug on the abuse of perspiration or over the
counter drugs for purposes other than those for which they are indicated on in a manner
on in quantities other than directed.
An article on drug abuse, state that there were 20,000-45,000 addicts in Manipur
with majority being heroin, intra drug users, with sharing needles, syringes and as a
results of which 80% of the intra drug users become human immune virus infected.7
A study conducted on the use of psychotropic substance in 485 Austrian
adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age investigated with a semi structured interview.
The study show that the regular rates of psychotropic substance used are cigarette 41.4%,
alcohol 44.5%, cannabis 10.1% and other illicit substance 3%. The study suggest that the
substance use and misuse of drug among adolescent should be prevented8.
An articles published on commonly abused drugs in India are alcohol, tobacco,
cough syrup containing codeine, capsule spasms -proxyvon is abused in oral and IV
injecting form and volatile solvents etc. the common cause of drug – culture (traditional
use of Bhang, charas, ganja, pan, cigarette during local festival, birthday celebration,
marriage, religious, celebration like Christmas) unemployment, frustration.2

6.2.2 Literature related to problem associate with drug abuse:-

A study conducted on aggression, substance use and suicidal behavior in high
school student in Columbia. The purpose of study is to analyse the frequencies and
correlate of suicidal behavior in community sample of adolescent. The study result show
that suicidal behavior and not infrequent occurrence among adolescent. Intervention
designed to reduce suicidal behaviour should simultanesly address co-existing high risk
behavior. 75% of student reported on suicidal behaviour, 11% reported serious suicidal
though, 6.4% reported attempt no requiring medical care. All types of suicidal behaviour
occurred more frequently in females than males.9
A study conducted on adolescent risk taking and self-reported injuries associated
with substances use among adolescent boys and girls. The purpose of study is to examine
the incidence of adolescent substance use at the time of injury and its relation to risk
taking behaviour. The study finding that adolescent who reported a history o risk taking
behaviour. The study finding that adolescent who reported a history of risk taking
behaviour were much more likely to report substance are related to injuries.10
Makes reported a higher incidence of injuries related to alcohol on other drugs
than females (17.3% Vs 13%). The 17 years old reported more injuries related to
substance use than 14or 15 years old (20.2% Vs 14.4% and 15%% respectively.

6.2.3 Literature related to knowledge of adolescents regarding drug abuse:-

A study conducted on alcohol and adolescent knowledge, attitude and behaviour.
The purpose of study is to determine their knowledge, attitudes and behaviour regarding
alcohol use. The study result shows that knowledge, attitudes and behaviour are
significantly correlated. Students also reported school as their major source of
information about alcohol were more knowledgeable and had most conservative attitudes
towards un acceptable use of alcohol.
The white student scored higher on the knowledge test and had more liberal
attitudes than minority students. Females were more conservative than male and older
student had more liberal attitude. The study results suggest that efforts to educate youth
about alcohol should incorporate acceptable uses as well as the negative aspects of
drinking11.
A study conducted on evaluation of knowledge and health attitude toward aigrette
smoking alcohol and drug use among student. The study revealed that aigrette smoking,
drinking alcohol and drug use are important epidemiological problems affecting stage of
health. The aim of study was evaluation of knowledge about harmful effects of smoking,
drinking alcohol and drug use among student knowledge about harmfulness of drinking
alcohol and drug abuse effect of smoking among student are not put parities to reduce
unhealthy behaviour among student.12
A study conducted HIV instruction, HIV knowledge and drug injection among
high school student in the United States. The purpose of study is to determine the
behaviour and to assess the effects of HIV related school based instruction and HIV
knowledge on these behaviour. The regression analysis revealed that students with higher
knowledge scores were less likely and males more likely to have even injected drugs.
 HIV knowledge was similarly associate with other outcome measure of drug
injection behaviour. The results suggest that HIV knowledge and school – based
instruction may play a role in main tainting low level of drug injection behavior among
high school students.13

6.2.4 Lecturer related to effectiveness plan teaching programme:-

A study conducted on preventing tobacco and drug and drug use among Thai high
school student through life skills training. The study student through like skills training.
The study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a school was to evaluate the effectiveness
of a school health intervention programme using life skill training to reduce tobacco and
drug use among that high school students.
A Randominize pre-test and post – test comparatives designs was used to evaluate
the effectiveness of the life skill training of programme. The result showed that life skill
training programme was effective for preventing tobacco and drug use in Thai high
school student.14
A study conducted on effects on high school students of teaching a cross-age
alcohol prevention program. This study examined the impact on high school students
who laught elementary students protecting an alcohol use prevention and vehicle safety
program. The results indicated that relative to comparison group before and after teaching
gained knowledge of alcohol effects increased their perception of the risk of low level of
alcohol use or vehicle safety. This cross age prevention programme may be successful in
changing high school students knowledge attitude and behavior regaining high levels, but
not low levels of alcohol use.15

6.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on
knowledge regarding drug abuse problem among adolescence boys at Sun Rise College,
Bangalore.

6.4 THE OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To assess the existing knowledge regarding during abuse problems among
adolescents boys.
2. To determine the effectiveness of structure teaching programme on knowledge
regarding drug abuse problems among adolescence boys.
3. To find the association between post test knowledge level and selected socio
demographic variables.

6.5 HYPOTHESES:
H1: There will be a significant difference between pre-test and post-test level of
knowledge scores of adolescences boys.
H2: There will be a significant association between the post-test level of knowledge score
and selected demographic variables.

6.6 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION:

1. Effectiveness
2. Structured teaching programme:
3. Knowledge
4. Drug abuse problems
5. Adolescence boys
: Refers to gain in knowledge as determined by
significant difference in pre and post test knowledge
scores.
Refers to systematically organized teaching
strategy for duration of 1 hour on drug abuse
-problem provide verbal interaction with the use of
charts.
: Ability to give correct response to questions
asked by investigator as measured by structure
knowledge questionnaire.
: It refers to the knowledge from drug abuse
problems like impaired judgments, lack of rational
thinking, drug addicts also develop psychological
problems such depression, anxiety, irritability,
personality problems. Suicidal problem, injury
problem.
: It refers to the boys who are studying in PUC.

7. MATERIALS AND METHODS

 7.1 Sources of data:
Adolescence boys who are studying at Sun Rise College, Bangalore.
7.2. Type of study approach : An evaluative approach.
7.3. Research Design : One group pre test, post test, pre experimental design
7.4. Settings : The study will be conducted in sun Rise College,
Bangalore who are studying in PUC.
7.5 Sampling technique : Non probability convenient sampling technique
7.6 Sample Size : 100 Adolescents boys.
7.7 Follow up : No follow up.
7.8 Duration of the study : One month

7.9.INCLUSION CRITERIA:
 Adolescence boys studying at Sun Rise College, Bangalore.
 Adolescence boys who are available during the period of data collection.
 Adolescence boys who are able to speak in English.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
 Adolescence boys who are not willing to participate in the study
8. Description of variables :-
 Independent variable :- Structure teaching program.
 Dependent variable :- Knowledge of adolescent among boys
 Attributes variables :- personal characteristics which include age, religion, place of
residence, types of diet, socio economic status, no. of siblings, habits types of family.
9. Data collection procedure:
After obtaining permission from the concerned authority, the investigator will
take consent from the participants and explain the purpose of the study to the subject and
questionnaires will be administered followed by a teaching programme and post test will
be conducted after one week.
10. DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL:
Tool will be preparing as per the personal experiences and suggestion from the
experts. Toll consists of
1. Section A : Socio demographic variables consisting of item related age, type of
family, religion, previous exposure
2. Section B : Structured knowledge questionnaire regarding various aspect of drug
abuse problem

11. Methods of data analysis :

The data obtained will be analyzed in terms of the objectives of the study using
descriptive and inferential statistics. The plan of data analysis is as follows:
Descriptive statistics
- Frequency and percentages of knowledge, score will be used to analyze the
demographic data.
- Mean, median and standard deviation of pre test and post test knowledge scores, will be
used for assess the level of knowledge.
Inferential statistics:
- ‘t’ test to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge
regarding drug abuse problems.
- “Chi – square” to determine the association between post test knowledge and
selected demographic variables
12. Does the study require any investigation or intervention on patients or other
humans/animals? If so please describe briefly?
Yes, structured teaching programme regarding drug abuse problems will be done
and knowledge will be assessed.
13. Has ethical clearance been obtained?
Ethical clearance will be obtained from concerned authority and the ethical
committee.

14. LIST OF REFERENCES

1. Nirmalya Chakraborty. Effectiveness of continuing nursing education programme
on substance use disorder. 2001 Feb; p. 56
2. Dr. Ask Felex. Education of Drug addiction by ER lotha the good shepherd
ministry. Kohima: 1993 Dec.; p 90
3. Mandira Moddie. International conference report. Dealing with Drug abuse. 2002
March; p.400-405
4. Buddy T. WHO Survey report 2004 April; p400-405
5. Mohan D. Incidence estimates of substance use disorders. Indian Journal of
Medical research.2002 March; p200-210.
6. Nirmalya Chakraborty. Effectiveness of continuing nursing education programme
on substance abuse diabilities and its management Indian Journal of nursing. 2001
Feb; p-50
7. Sreevani R. Effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding adverse
effect of tobacco smoking in knowledge gain of X standard students in selected
school. Indian journal of nursing.2202 feb; P 46.
8. Rumpold. Gerhard. Micheal. A study of substance abuse one among adolescents,
substance use and misuse. Vol.41 (8). 2006; p 1155-1169.
9. Garrison Ez. Vomceut ML. A Study of aggression substance use, and suicidal
behavior in high school students. Am J public health. 1993 Feb83 (2): p171-2.
10. Spirito A. Jelalian E. Raile D. Adolescent risk taking and self reported injuries
with substance use. Am J Drug Alcohol abuse. 2000 Feb; 26 (1): p113-23.
11. Forney P D. Alcohol and adolescents, knowledge attitude and behaviour,
adolescent health care. 1988; 9 (3): 194-202.
12. Malara B. Gora – Kupilas K. Evaluation of knowledge and health attitude towards
cigarette smoking alcohol and drugs use among students. 2005; 62 (10): p1119-
21.
13. Holtzman D. Anderson J E. HIV instruction, HIV knowledge and drug injection
among high schools students in the United States. Public health.1991 Dec; 81
(12): 1596 -601.
14. Seal N. Preventing tobacco and drug use among Thai high school student through
life skills training, nurses, health science. 2006 Sep; 8(3) : 164-8
15. Padget A. Bell ML. A Study conducted on effects on high school students of
teaching a corss – age alcohol prevention programme drug education. 2005;
35(3): 201-16
15. SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE

16. REMARKS OF THE GUIDE

17. NAME AND DISIGNATION OF THE

17.1 GUIDE

17.2 SIGNATURE

17.3 CO GUIDE

17.4 SIGNTURE

17.5 HEAD OF THE DEPARTMNET

17.6 SIGNATURE

18. 18.1 REMARKS OF THE CHAIRMAN &

PRINCIPAL

18.2 SIGNATURE