Title Of The Course: MSc Nursing

Unit: Disaster Nursing

Topic: Triage

Group Of Students: 1st Year MSc Nursing

Number Of Perticipants:

Duration Of Class: 20 mins

Date : 03/02/24

Time: 12pm

Place: Hospital Setting

Method Of Teaching: Lecture

A.V Aids Used: Wall Posters

Language: English

Previous Knowledge Of Students: Students have observed Triage categorization in

hospital setting.

Name Of Student Teacher: Debasree Saha

Name Of Evaluator: Ms. Shilpi Mondal

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

After the Teaching Session, Students will be able to-

1. gain detailed Knowledge about Triage and Its Importance.

2. apply the skills and critical thinking in during Triage
3. develop positive attitude towards maintaining Triage in emergency situations.
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1 2 MINS After the Teaching INTRODUCTION: Teacher Students
session, students introducin listening
will be able- Triage is one of the key principles of g the topic
the effective management of major
emergencies. The process of triage
allows the respondents of disaster,
who do not have enough resources to
treat everyone, to prioritize care
services, so that most services are
provided to the greatest number of
injured people, and this is essentially
the philosophy of doing triage in
disasters and mass casualty incidents

2 2 MINS to define Triage. DEFINITION: Teacher Students What is the

explaining listening definition of Triage?
Triage is derived from the French
word “trier”, which means separating,
categorizing or classifying, and refers
to the categorization, classification,
and prioritization of patients and
injured people, based on their urgent
need for treatment.

3 2 MIN to state the OBJECTIVES: Teacher Students What are the

objectives of explaining listening objectives of Triage?
Triage. 1. To ensure that patient are treated
in order of their clinical urgency.
2. To ensure that treatment is
appropriately and timely.
3. To allocate the patient to the
patient to the most appropriate
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assessment and treatment area.
4. To provide ongoing assessment
of patients.
5. To provide information to
patients and families regarding
services expected care and waiting
times.
6. To contribute information that
helps to define departmental
acuity.

4 2 MINS to list the stages of STAGES OF TRIAGE: Teacher Students What are the stages
triage Triage is usually performed at explaining responding of triage?
three stages: &
1. PRIMARY TRIAGE : is carried repeating
out at the scene of the incident by
an emergency technician aims at
the prompt assessment of the
injured person and rapid transfer to
the treatment center.

2. SECONDARY TRIAGE : is
used when, due to the large extent
of the incident and lack of
resources in the pre-hospital, the
transmission has been prolonged
in the scene. Triage will be done
by an emergency doctor or
surgeon as soon as the injured
person arrives at the hospital.
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3. HOSPITAL TRIAGE: is
performed including transferring
to the operating room or the
intensive care unit. This step will
be done by a surgeon or a critical
care specialist.

5 2 MINS to list the CATAGORIES OF TRIAGE: Teacher Students List the Categories
Categories of triage explaining listening of triage.
NON DISASTER :- To provide
the best care for each individual
patient .
MULTI CASUALTY/ DISASTER
:- To provide the most effective
care for the greatest number of
patients.

6 5 MINS to explain different DIFFERENT TYPES OF Teacher Students wall Explain and describe
types of triage TRIAGE : There are many types explaining understandi posters different types of
of triage systems in the world; ng and triage.
however, there is no general or repeating
universal consensus on how triage
should be performed.
The following examples are
discussed below:
Primary triage systems- START
System
Secondary triage systems- SAVE
Method
Hospital triage systems- Canadian
Triage Acuity Scale

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OBJECTIVES LEARNING USED
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START SYSTEM:
It is Created in the 1980’s by
Hoag Hospital and the Newport
Beach CA Fire Dept.
Classification is based on three
items: Respiratory, Perfusion and
Mental status evaluation.
Tagging is done for the patients
as it complements Triage and
helps in Rapid Identification of
patient.
Tagging is done based on Color
Codes.
RED – Immediate
YELLOW – Delayed
GREEN – Minor
BLACK – Deceased.

SAVE METHOD (Secondary

Assessment Victim Endpoint):
To determine the survival
chances and patient classifications,
predictive tools of the patient
clinical conditions such as limb
rescue score, Glasgow Coma Scale
(GCS), and survival rate data after
burns are used.
Color coding is done
accordingly:
RED LABEL The injured people,
who cannot survive and cannot be
treated at the disaster scene, but
can be saved if they reach the
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hospital.
YELLOW LABEL Those patients,
who take the most from the
available therapeutic interventions.
GREEN LABEL Those injured
individuals, who can survive even
without medical intervention.
BLACK LABEL The deceased
people.

THE CANADIAN TRIAGE

AND ACUITY SCALE (CTAS):
It was first developed for use in
Canadian hospital emergency
departments (ED) as a tool to help
define a patient’s need for care.
Levels of Triage in CTAS:
Resuscitation
Emergent
Urgent
Less urgent
Non urgent

7. 2 MINS to list down the IMPORTANCE OF TRIAGE : Teacher Students What are the
importance of  Triage Methods helps to explaining listening & importance of
triage identify patients requiring responding triage?
immediate care.
 It helps to Determine the
appropriate area for treatment.
 Triage Facilitate patient flow
through the Emergency
Department and avoid
 Unnecessary congestion.
 Triage helps to Provide
continued assessment and
reassessment of arriving and
waiting patients.
 Triage Provide guidelines for
information and referral to
patients and families.
 Allay patient and family anxiety
and enhance public relations.

8. 2 MINS to enumerate the ROLE OF TRIAGE NURSE Teacher Students What are the Roles
Roles of a Triage  Greet patients and introduce explaining listening & of a Nurse during
Nurse self. responding Triage?
 Maintain privacy and
confidentiality.
 Visualize all incoming patients
even while interviewing others.
 Maintain good communication
between triage and treatment
area
 Maintain excellent
communication with waiting
area.
 Use all resources to maintain
high standard of care.

9. 1 MINS CONCLUSION: Teacher Students

The most effective triage is a explaining listening
method that is easy for staffs to
perform, does not need to classify
patients and injured people by
complex criteria and at the same
time determine the prognosis of
the patients at an optimal level.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Brunner and Suddarths, Textbook Of Medical Surgical Nursing. Volume II; 13th Edition. Wolter
Kluwer Publication. Pg No- 1416
 Joyce M Black,Jane Hokanson Hawks, Medical Surgical Nursing. Volume I; 1st South Indian
Edition. New Delhi ,ELSEVIER Publication. Pg No-1071
 Lewis, Medical Surgical Nursing. Volume II; 3RD Edition. New Delhi, ELSEVIER Publication. Pg
No-1177.
 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.063374Circulation. 2023;147:1872–1886.