TRIAGE, MASS CASUALTY

INCIDENT & INCIDENT

COMMAND SYSTEM
 TRIAGE
• It is a process used in sorting patients/
victims into categories of priority for care
& transport based on the severity of
injuries and medical emergencies
• Goal: “To do the greatest good for the
greatest number.”

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Prioritizing
•
Patients
A. Highest Priority (red tag)
Patients requiring immediate care and transport.
Airway and breathing difficulties
Open chest and abdominal wounds
Severe head injuries (w/ decreasing level of
consciousness)
Major or complicated burns
Complicating severe medical problems (pregnancy)

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Prioritizing
•
Patients
B. Intermediate Priority (yellow tag)
 Patients whose care/ treatment and transportation
can be delayed temporarily up to 1 hour, such as:
o Burns without complication
o Back injuries with or without spinal injuries
o Major, open or multiple fractures
o Stable abdominal injuries

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Prioritizing
•
Patients
C. Delayed or Low Priority (green tag)
 The walking wounded patients whose care and
transportation can be delayed up to 3 hours.
o Fracture and sprain
o Laceration
o Soft tissue injuries
o Other lesser injuires

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Prioritizing
•
Patients
D. Lowest Priority (black tag)
 Patients/ victims who are dead or near dead.
o Devastating injuries
o Little chance of survival

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Start Triage
• START system (Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment)
- is one method of triage that has proven to be very
effective.

• Foundation of system is speed, simplicity, consistency

of application

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Start Triage
• Patient evaluation is based on 3 primary observation:
o Respiration / Breathing
o Pulse / Circulation
o Mental Status

• Advantage: easy identification of victims

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Mass Casualty
•
Incidents
Demonstrations
• Strikes
• Riots
• Mass Shootings
• Hostage Taking
• Multiple Vehicular Accidents
• Natural Disasters

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Incident
Command System
• ICS is used to help control, direct, and coordinate
resources.
• It ensures clear lines of responsibility and
authority.
• Incident commander has overall responsibility for
the scene.
• Safety officer is designated to circulate among
responders.
Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte
 Incident
Command System INCIDENT
COMMANDER

MEDICAL RESCUE

TREATMENT
TRIAGE OFFICER EVACUATION
OFFICER

TRANSPORTATION
OFFICER
Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte
 Flow of Operation
TRIAGE EVAC
TREATMENT
SITE
MASS
CASUALTY
INCIDENT TRANSPORT
MEDICAL
FACILITY

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte

 Basic Rescue
Chain
• Search
• Rescue
• Triage
• First Aid

DISASTER TRANSPORTATION HOSPITALIZATION

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Carigara, Leyte