Present Perfect

By:
Bonifasia Ekta Fima N., M.Pd.
 1. Simple Present Perfect Tense

 Simple Present Perfect is used for actions that started in the

past and stopped recently or are still going on. The focus is on
the result.
 Action that is still going on
Situation that is still the same as it was in the past. We want to
emphasise that the situation has not changed.
Examples:
1. Your advice has always been extremely helpful.
2. We have not yet received the invoice.
 Action that stopped recently
Action that has just been completed. We want to emphasise the
result.
Examples:
1. I have typed five letters.
2. We have just received your email.
 Action in the past that has an influence on the present
Action that was completed in the past, but has an influence on a
present situation. Note that you must not give a certain time for
the action in the past (if you want to use a time expression, you
must use Simple Past).
Examples:
1. He has lost Mrs. Winda’s phone number.
2. We have agreed on the meeting result.
 Action that so far has taken place never, once or
several times
Action that happened / did not happen in the past. We want to
emphasise how often the action has taken place so far.
Examples:
1. We have never been to our Medan branch office.
2. Miss Luna has already phoned three times to inquire about the
delivery of her goods.

 Signal Words of Present Perfect Simple:

already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
Pattern of Simple Present Perfect Tense

Affirmative (+) S + has/have + V-3

Negative (-) S + has/have + not + V-3
Introgative (?) Has/have + S + V-3 ?

She has She’s She has not She hasn’t

He has He’s He has not He hasn’t
It has It’s It has not It hasn’t
I have I’ve I have not I haven’t
You have You’ve You have not You haven’t
They have They’ve They have not They haven’t
We have We’ve We have not We haven’t
1. To emphasize on the result of a past action without mentioning
the actual time when it happened:
Examples:
➢ I have met that girl before.
➢ We have discussed this issue a few times.

2. Action performed in a period that has not finished yet (the

same day, week, month, etc.):
Examples:
➢ Have you seen Lacy today? (The day is not over yet.)
➢ I have had several tests this month. (The month has not
finished yet.)
3. Action that started in the past and has continued until now.
Often used with since (indicating the beginning of action) or for
(indicating the duration of action):
Examples:
➢ They have lived here for ten years.
➢ I have not seen her since we left high school.
➢ Clare and John have known each other since they were at
primary school.

4. It is used to indicate completed activities in the immediate past

(with just).
Example:
➢ " He has just taken the medicine."
Answer the question
 Question : Have you finished the job?
 Negative Answer (-) : No, I haven't finished yet.
 Possitive answer (+) : Yes, I have already finished.
 Affirmative : She's just finished her job.

Note
 Possitive: already → I’ve already eaten twice this day.
 Negative: yet → She hasn’t finished her assignment yet.
 Practice the Dialogue

El : Hi Al, I haven’t seen you for ages.Where have you been?

Al : Hi, El. I have just visited my granny abroad.
El : Oh, I see. But wait… I think you’ve visited your grandma before,
haven’t you?
Al : Yes, I have visited her three times this year. She was sick two weeks ago
so we went to America again.
El : How is your grandma?
Al : She is better. She is in my house now.
El : Really? How long has she been here?
Al : She has been here for three days. Actually she has missed her children
and grandchildren.That’s why she was sick.
El : Oh, sickness because of missing people she love. I guess she will be well
soon. Send my warm regard to your grandmother.
Al : I think so. Okay, I will send it to her. Thanks.
El : You’re welcome.
 Exercises
1. I (not / work) today. → I haven’t worked today.
2. We (buy) a new lamp.
3. We (not / plan) our holiday yet.
4. Where (be / you) ?
5. He (write) five letters.
6. She (not / see) him for a long time.
7. (be / you) at school?
8. School (not / start) yet.
9. (speak / he) to his boss?
10. No, he (have / not) the time yet.
 Change the sentences into (+), (-) or (?)

1. They have played football for two hours. → (-)

2. He hasn’t learned English. → (+)
3. I have written a poem. → (?)
4. They haven’t washed the car. → (?)
5. Nancy hasn’t met her friends. → (+)
6. I have drunk the medicine twice a day. → (-)
7. He has bought the car. → (?)
8. We have planned our holiday. → (?)
9. She has seen her mother for a long time. → (-)
10. He hasn’t replied your email. → (+)
 Dialog 2
Chrisso : By the way, have you had your lunch?
Juna : No, I haven’t.
Chrisso : Let’s eat.
Juna : But I haven’t finished my tasks yet. I have to submit it today.
Chrisso : No worries. I am going to help you after eating. Come on!
Juna : But I haven’t felt hungry yet.
Chrisso : Hey, you need to eat.Your body needs energy to finish all of the tasks.
Juna : But... I...
Chrisso : It’s my treat. No worries about money. I have just received my writing fee.
Juna : Wow, you have been a rich guy… Hopefully your writing business runs
successfully.
Chrisso : Oh, thank you. I hope so.
Juna : So… you’ll buy me lunch everyday. Ha..ha..ha…
Chrisso : If I have become a boss by 2020, I will pay your lunch everyday.
Juna : Hey, I am just kidding.
Chrisso : I am serious.You’re my best friend.
Juna : Oh, so sweet. Thanks, Chrisso.
Chrisso : Hmm, don’t mention it.
 Role Play: Ask your friend
1. Have you ever ridden an animal?
2. Where have you traveled?
3. What sports have you played?
4. Where is the best place you have ever been?
5. What’s the craziest thing you have ever done?
6. What interesting foods have you eaten?
7. What are some unique accomplishments you have done?
8. Have you ever fallen down in front of many people?
9. Who is the greatest person you have ever met?
10. How long have you studied English?
11. What is the best and worst restaurant you have eaten at?
12. What have you done a lot this week?
13. What is the most exciting thing you have ever done?
14. What have you done too many times?
15. What is the longest you have been awake for?