SCIENCE 10

2nd QUARTER
Module 1

The Waves of Life

Most Essential Learning Competency

⚫ Compare the relative wavelengths of the different forms of electromagnetic waves. (S10-
FE – IIa-b47)

To the Learner
This module was specially designed to help you understand and apply the lesson objectives. Read
and follow the simple instructions as your guide.
1. Set a conducive learning space at home so you can focus on your studies.
2. Seek assistance from your parents or guardian to guide you in doing the activities.
3. Take down important concepts and list questions you would like to ask from your teacher.
4. Reflect and apply the concepts that you have learned.
The Writer

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 Expectation
This module will help you recognize the electromagnetic waves. In
particular, this learning material will help you to:
1. define electromagnetic waves;
2. trace the development of electromagnetic wave theory;
3. describe the transmission and propagation of electromagnetic waves; and
4. discuss the properties of EM waves.

Pre-test
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your answer sheet.

1. What is the charge of electromagnetic waves?

a. no charge c. positive charge
b. negative charge d. both positive and negative charge
2. Which physical law governs the relationship between electric and magnetic field?
a. Arithmetic equation c. Kirchhoff’s equation
b. Einstein’s equation d. Maxwell’s equation
3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of electromagnetic waves?
a. transverse waves c. travel at the speed of light
b. need a medium to propagate d. has an extensive range of waves
4. Who discovered the relationship between magnetism and electricity that serves as the foundation for
the theory of electromagnetism?
a. George Simon Ohm c. James Clerk Maxwell
b. Hans Christian Oersted d. William Gilbert
5. What mode of propagation of the electromagnetic wave is useful in the frequency range of 2 to 30
MHz and for long-distance communication?
a. Sky wave propagation c. Ground wave propagation
b. Space wave propagation d. Tropospheric wave propagation

Looking Back
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following is NOT a part of a wave?

a. crest b. trough c. amplitude d. wavefront
2. What kind of waves require a medium to travel through?
a. electrical waves c. mechanical waves c. electromagnetic waves d. all of them
3. What do you call the material in which mechanical waves travel?
a. matter b. medium c. transporter d. vacuum
4. What do you call a disturbance that travels energy from one place to another?
a. noise b. matter c. wave d. electrons
5. How can we define trough?
a. It is a mechanical wave.
b. It is the lowest point of a wave.
c. It is the place where the wave meets the medium.
d. This is the farthest away a wave can move from its resting point.

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 Brief Introduction
Electromagnetic waves are responsible for our existence. These power everything from the sun
that shines brightly in the morning, from the freshly baked muffins we eat from the oven, from the
computer's Internet or Wi-Fi connection you used all day, and from the bulb that lightens your home at
night.

Notably, the greatest theoretical achievement of physics in the 19th century was incorporated with
the relationship of electricity and magnetism, the discovery of Electromagnetic Waves.

Activity 1: “You Are My Everything”

Objective: Define electromagnetic waves.

Direction A: Select the letter of the appropriate illustration for each property of Electromagnetic
wave. Write answers on your answer sheet.

1. EM waves are all transverse wave that propagates outward from a source perpendicular to
the direction of the wave’s travel.

A)

B)

http://www.pstcc.edu/departments/natural_behavioral_sciences/Web%20Physics/D1603.gif

2. The creation of all EM waves begins with an oscillating charged particle, which creates
oscillating electric field and magnetic fields.

A) B)

3. EM waves differ from mechanical waves in that they do not require a medium to
propagate. This means that electromagnetic waves can travel not only through the air and the
solid materials, but also through the vacuum, a space without matter or air, at the same,
constant speed that is the speed of light (c).

3 x 10 -8 m/s 3 x 10 8 m/s
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A) B)
4. EM waves possess different velocity of propagation in different medium. When
travelling between media, the wavelength changes and therefore the speed of EM wave also
changes. Also this change is different for different frequencies.

5. The electromagnetic spectrum is a sequence of all EM waves arranged according to

frequency and wavelength.

A) B)

Activity 2: “You Are Everywhere”

Objective: Identify the seven types of EM waves in an electromagnetic spectrum.

Every single second you feel the energy transferred by EM waves. The
Electromagnetic spectrum describes a wide range of different EM waves which include different
frequencies and wavelengths.

https://sincyscience.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/visiblelightspectrum.jpg

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 Part A: Write the name of the illustration that best represents the relative size of each EM wave on
your answer sheet.

Approximate
EM waves scale of EM
waves
1. Radio waves
2. Microwaves
3. Infrared
4. Visible light
5. Ultraviolet
6. X-rays
7. Gamma rays

Part B: Choose the letter that best describes each electromagnetic wave.
.
EM waves description
1. Radio waves a) Transmits heat from the sun, fires, radiators
2. Microwaves b) Absorbed by the skin, used in fluorescent tubes
3. Infrared c) Used in cooking, radar, telephone,
4. Visible light d) Used to view inside bodies and objects
5. Ultraviolet e) Makes things able to be seen
6. X-rays f) Used to broadcast radio and television
7. Gamma rays g) Used in medicine for killing cancer cells

You already have defined WHAT an electromagnetic wave, WHERE

it comes from and HOW it travels.

Now, you will recognize WHO pioneered the studies on electromagnetic

waves and WHEN the studies on electromagnetic waves started.

Activity 3: “Historical Antecedent of Electromagnetic Waves”

Objective: Trace the development of electromagnetic wave theory using timeline infographics.

Directions:
1. The number in each box corresponds to the letter of the alphabet consecutively.
2. Fill the blocks with the letters to reveal the name of the timeless scientists who advocate for the
theory or a set of principles on electromagnetic waves.
3. Using the information you gathered, draw the timeline infographics on your answer sheet then
write the name of the significant scientist involved in the development of electromagnetic wave theory.

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1. He was the first to discover electromagnetic induction, the
production of an electric current across a conductor moving
through a magnetic field. The SI unit of inductance, the henry,
was named after him. 1831
10 15 S E P 8 H E 14 18 Y

2. He was able to perform many experiments that helped

explain reflection, refraction, polarization, interference, and
velocity of electric waves. The hertz, the SI unit of frequency, is
named after him. 1887
H E 9 N 18 9 C H 8 5 R 20 Z

3. He formulated the concept about photoelectric effect.1905

A 12 B 5 R 20 E 9 N 19 T E 9 N

4. He discovered that Earth was magnetic and theorized that

electricity and magnetism are not the same. The gilbert, a unit of
magnetic potential, was named after him. 1603
W 9 L 12 9 1 M G 9 L 2 5 R 20

5. He described how electric charges and electric currents act

as sources of electric and magnetic fields that form the basis of
the electrical field of science and technology. 1861
J A 13 5 S 3 L 5 18 L
M A 24 W 5 L L

6. He discovered that the ratio of electrostatic to

electromagnetic units equals the value of the speed of light,
leading to the conjecture that light is an electromagnetic wave.
The weber, named after him, is the SI unit of magnetic flux.
1856
23 9 L 8 E 12 M 5 4 U A 18 D

23 E B 5 18
7. He discovered that an electric field that flows through a wire
creates a circular magnetic field. The Oersted, a unit of magnetic
intensity, is named after him. 1820
8 1 14 S 3 8 R 9 S T 9 A 14

O 5 R 19 T E 4
8. Developed Coulomb's Law, which defined the electrostatic
force of attraction and repulsion. The coulomb, the SI unit of
charge, was named after him. 1785
3 H A 18 L 5 19 1 U 7 U 19 T 9 14
4 E C 15 U L 15 13 B

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 “Sending and Spreading”
Activity 4:
Objective: Describe the transmission and propagation of electromagnetic waves. Directions: Let us
explore how electromagnetic waves transmit and propagate. Read the passage below and answer the guide
questions that follow. Write answers on your answer sheet.

The transmission of electrical energy by wires, the broadcasting of radio

signals, and the phenomenon of visible light are all examples of the propagation of
electromagnetic energy.

Now let us study some methods of propagation of Electromagnetic Waves:

1. Ground Wave
Propagation is
also known as
Surface Wave
propagation. It is a
method of
radiofrequency
propagation that
uses the area of the
earth and the
ionosphere for
transmission that
can propagate at frequencies below 3 MHz. This happens when the electromagnetic
waves propagate and travel along the surface of the earth towards the receiver
antenna. This is used to provide local radio communication coverage such as AM,
FM, and television broadcasting. This can be used for one-way communication from
the military to submerged submarines as they penetrate to a significant depth into
seawater.

2. Sky Wave
propagation is also
known as Ionosphere
Wave propagation. It
refers to radio wave
propagation via
ionosphere.
This happens
when electromagnetic
waves travel
towards the sky
after propagation and reflect to the earth from the ionosphere. This is the simplest
mode of propagation and provides continuous support in communications. An
electromagnetic wave directed upward at some angle from the earth’s surface is
called skywaves.

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 3. Space Wave
propagation is also
known as
Tropospheric Wave
propagation. It can
travel directly or after
reflecting from the
earth’s surface to the
troposphere surface from
the transmitter antenna
to the receiver
antenna. This happens when the electromagnetic waves are propagated from the
transmitter antenna and it travels in a straight line without any reflection or
refraction. This is utilized in television and radar communications.

Guide Questions:

1. What are the three modes of radio waves propagation?

2. Do we have to build extremely tall antennas for transmission? Justify your
answer.
3. How do we benefit from the ground wave, sky wave, and space wave?

Check Your Understanding

“Give Me a Wave”

Directions: Draw a wave if the statement signifies the properties of

electromagnetic waves. Write answers on your answer sheet.

1. Electromagnetic waves travel in a transverse form.

2. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves only.
3. Electromagnetic waves do not require any medium for propagation.
4. Electromagnetic waves are not deflected by electric or magnetic fields.
5. Electromagnetic waves travel with a constant velocity of 3 x 108 m/s in a vacuum.
6. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy from the source of the waves to an absorber.
7. Electromagnetic waves are propagated by electric and magnetic fields oscillating at right angles to
each other.
8. Electromagnetic waves have extensive range of waves that differ in the frequencies
and the wavelengths called electromagnetic spectrum.

Remember
Wave – a disturbance that travels through space and matter transferring energy from one place to
another.
Electricity - a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons or
protons), either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current.
Magnetism - a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charges, resulting in
attractive and repulsive forces between objects.

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Electromagnetism - the combination of alternating electric and magnetic fields created by accelerated
charges that propagate out from these charges at the speed of light in the form of waves.
Electromagnetic waves - are waves created as a result of vibrations between an electric field
and a magnetic field.
Electromagnetic radiation - the flow of energy at the universal speed of light through free space or
through a material medium in the form of the electric and magnetic fields that make up electromagnetic
waves.
Electromagnetic spectrum - The electromagnetic spectrum covers electromagnetic waves with
frequencies ranging from below one hertz to above 10 hertz, corresponding to wavelengths from
thousands of kilometers down to a fraction of the size of an atomic nucleus.

Posttest
Directions. Read and comprehend the questions carefully. Write the letter of correct answer on your
answer sheet.

1. Which of the following is the speed of light?

a. 3X10 8 m/s b. 3X10 18 m/s c. 3X10 10 m/s d. 3X10 81 m/s
2. Who discovered electromagnetic induction, but was not recognized because Michael Faraday had
already published his results?
a. Joseph Henry b. James Clerk Maxwell c. Albert Einstein d. Wilhelm Eduard Weber
3. Who discovered that Earth was magnetic and theorized that electricity and magnetism were not the
same?
a. William Gilbert b. Karl Friedrich Gauss c. Andre Marie Ampere d. Hans Oersted
4. Which of the following modes of propagation of electromagnetic waves can be used for one-way
communication from the military to submerged submarines as they penetrate to a significant depth into
seawater?
a. Sky wave propagation c. Ground wave propagation
b. Space wave propagation d. Ionosphere Wave propagation
5. Which of the following is INCORRECT?
a. The radio waves having high frequencies are called space waves.
b. Electromagnetic waves have both an electric and a magnetic component.
c. Space wave propagation is also known as Tropospheric Wave propagation.
d. The electromagnetic waves are a longitudinal wave that propagate outward from a source perpendicular to the
direction of the wave’s travel.

Reflection “With or Without You”

Directions. Write or draw a reflective learning on Electromagnetic Waves. Write answers on your answer
sheet.

I imagine LIFE I imagine LIFE

WITH WITHOUT
Electromagnetic Waves. Electromagnetic Waves.

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 SCIENCE 10 – ANSWER SHEET
Quarter ___ Week ___
Name: ________________________ Section: ______ Teacher: ___________
Learning Competency: ___________________________________________________

Pretest:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________

Looking Back:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________

Activity 1:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________

Activity 2:
Part A.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______

Part B.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______

Activity 3:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________
5. __________ 6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________

Activity 4:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________

Check your understanding:

1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________
5. __________ 6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________

Posttest:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________

Reflection: