Contents

• What is paint?
• Composition of Paint
• Binder
• Pigment
• Extenders
• Solvents
• Application of Paint
What is Paint?

Paints or coatings are liquid, paste, or powder

products which are applied to surfaces by various
methods and equipment in layers of given
thickness. These form adherent films on the
surface of the substrate.
Composition of Paint
• Paints are made of numerous components,
depending on the method of application, the
desired properties, the substrate to be coated, and
ecological and economic constraints.
• Paints are mainly composed of-:
• Binder
• Pigment
• Solvent
Binders (Resin)
• The resin is the film-forming component that
identifies the paint.
• A variety of resins and polymers (materials that will
undergo reaction to form a resin) are used in
paints.
• Paint binders may be referred to as convertible and
nonconvertible types.
• Convertible paints are materials that are used in
an unpolymerized or partially polymerized state
and undergo reaction (polymerization) to form a
solid film after application to the substrate.
• Nonconvertible paints are based on polymerized
binders dispersed or dissolved in a medium that
evaporates after the coating has been applied to
leave a coherent film on the substrate surface.
• Convertible binders include oils, oleoresinous
varnishes, alkyds, amino resins, epoxy resins,
phenolic resins, polyurethane resins, and
thermosetting acrylics.
• Nonconvertible resins includes cellulose,
nitrocellulose, chlorinated rubber, and vinyl resins.
Pigments
• Pigments are particulate solids that are
dispersed in paints to provide certain
characteristics to them, including colour, opacity,
durability, mechanical strength, and corrosion
protection for metallic substrates.
• Pigments may be inorganic and organic
materials.
• Organic pigments are used primarily for
decorative purposes, while inorganic materials
have traditionally been added for protective
properties.
• Pigments have to be uniformly dispersed in the
binder to provide a consistent appearance.
• White pigments-: titanium dioxide, zinc oxide,
antimony oxide, white lead.
• Yellow pigments-: yellow dies, lead chromate, zinc
chromate, cadmium yellow.
• Green pigments-: phthalo green, chromium oxide.
• Blue pigments-: phthalocyanine blue, prussian
blue.
• Red pigments-: toluidine red, arylamide red, red
iron oxide.
• Black pigments-: carbon black, black iron oxide.
Extenders
• They are added to modify the flow and mechanical
properties of the paint as well as the, permeability,
gloss, and leveling characteristics of the paint film.
• Example-:
1. Barites
A hard, dense, naturally occurring inorganic
mineral that is very resistant to the action of
acids and alkalis.
It is used as chemically inert filler that
reinforces the mechanical properties of the
film.
2. Kaolin Clay
A naturally occurring hydrated aluminium
silicate used in a fine particulate form.
It is used as filler in solvent-based paints but in
small amounts.
3. Talc
A naturally, occurring hydrated magnesium
silicate mineral.
Talc is often used in protective paints where
high durability is required.
Solvents
• A solvent is a pure or mixed liquid that is used to
make the paint flowable prior to its application.
• Solvents are chemical substances that can
dissolve, suspend, or extract other materials,
usually without chemically changing either the
solvents or the other materials.
• Example -:
• Toluene
• Xylene
• Butyl alcohol
• Ethyl alcohol
• Acetone
• Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)
• Butyl acetate
• Ethyl acetate
Application of Paint
• House
• Cars
• Doors
• Windows
• Machines
• Aeroplanes
• Electronic equipment, etc
Thank You