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4
Science
Quarter 2 - Module 1:
Major Organs of the Human Body

Department of Education Republic of the Philippines

Science – Grade 4
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 - Module 1: Major Organs of a Human Body
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Valencia City
Schools Division Superintendent: Rebonfamil R. Baguio

Development Team of the Module

Authors: Janette V. Bejona

Editor: Maria Victoria C. Alvarez

Reviewers: Jimbo Russell C. Agbayani, EPS – Science

Maritel L. Agbayani, PSDS
Desiree Rose L. Allaba
Fabrienne Isa M. Cabanao
Illustrator: John Rimmon I. Taquiso

Layout Artists: John Rimmon I. Taquiso

Management Team:

Chairperson: Rebonfamil R. Baguio

Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Eugene I. Macahis, Jr.

Asst. Schools Division Superintendent

Members:
Jayvy C. Vegafria, CID Chief ES
Jimbo Russell C. Agbayani, EPS – Science
Analisa C. Unabia, EPS – LRMS
Joan Sirica V. Camposo, Librarian II
Israel C. Adrigado, PDO II

Printed in the Philippines by:

Department of Education - Division of Valencia City
Office Address: Lapu-lapu Street, Poblacion, Valencia City 8709
Telefax: (088) 828-4615
Website: deped-valencia.org

1
 4
Science
Quarter 2 - Module 1:
Major Organs of the Human Body

This instructional material was collaboratively developed

and reviewed by educators from public schools. We encourage
teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department
of Education at region10@deped.gov.ph.
 
We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education Republic of the Philippines

2
3
What This Module is About

The human body is a wonder of nature. It is very complicated with

many different parts. These parts called organs have specific functions
to perform so that the human body will function normally.

Organs of the human body function like a team. Organs working

together make a system. Your body is made up of several systems.

What do organs do so that the systems can function well? In this

module, you will discover the functions of different organs of the human
body, its diseases and treatments.

Notes to the Teacher

Dear Teacher,

This is a self-paced module with various

4
i
 What I Need to Know

You have learned in your earlier Science classes that the human
body has cells, tissues, organs and systems. Each body system has a
specific system that has a specific function. The various systems in the
body allow humans to live, grow, and reproduce.

In this module, you will learn about the functions of the human
body. You will also know which diseases can affect them and how to
take good care of them.

Learning Objectives:

1. describe the main function of the major organs.

2. communicate that the major organs work together.

Time duration: 4 days

How to Learn from this Module

For you to achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the
following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and

exercises diligently.

• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

5
ii
Icons of this Module
What I Need This part contains learning objectives
to Know that are set for you to learn as you go
along the module.

What I Know This is an assessment as to your

level of knowledge to the subject
matter at hand, meant specifically to
gauge prior related knowledge.
What’s In This part connects previous lessons
with that of what you are going to
learn.

What’s New An introduction to the new lesson

through various activities, before it
will be presented to you.

What is It These are discussions of the

activities as a way to deepen your
discovery and understanding of the
concept.
What’s More These are follow-up activities that are
intended for you to practice further in
order to master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what

Learned you have learned from the lesson.

What I Can These are tasks designed to

Do showcase your skills and knowledge
gained and applied to real-life
concerns and situations.
Post This assessment evaluates your level
Assessment of mastery in achieving the learning
objectives.

More Activities designed to increase the

Activities strength of your skills and knowledge
gained and tends to induce
repetitions of actions/ learning.

6 iii
 Week 1 Day 1

What I Know

Test A
Directions: Match the organ in column A with its corresponding
description or function in column B. Write the letters of your
chosen answer in your answer sheet.

Column A Column B
1. Brain A. It controls the body and everything it does.
2. Heart B. It is where the chemical breakdown begins
3. bones C. It is the pumping organ of the body.
4. Stomach D. It protects the major organs of the body
5. Lungs E. Organs you used for breathing.

Test B
Directions: Read each question carefully and write the letter of the
correct answer on the answer sheet.
____ 1. Which organ controls the bodily actions?
A. brain B. heart C. kidneys D. lungs
____ 2. It processes information and sends instructions
A. blood B. brain C. heart D. muscle
____ 3. Which of the following protects the brain from injury?
A. leg B. ribs C. skull D. thigh
_____4. Which of the following protects the lungs and heart?
A. arms C. skull
B. rib cage D. spinal column
_____ 5. It is considered as the pumping organ of the body. It is the
size of your fist.
A. brain B. heart C. kidney D. lungs

Test C
7
Directions:Read the statements carefully. Choose the letter of the
correct answer from the box below. Write the letters of your
chosen answer in your answer sheet/ Activity notebook.

A. Stomach B. Skeleton C. Skull D. Pelvic Bones

E. Cardiac F. Kidney G. Brain H. Lungs

I. Mouth J. Heart

_____1. It is the framework of the body.

_____2. A pouch-like organ in the digestive system.

_____3. A bone that protects the brain.

_____4. It is the muscle of the heart.

_____5. Which organ controls the bodily actions?

_____6. It filters the waste materials from our blood.

_____7. It is the organ that pumps blood.

_____8. It is where digestion starts.

_____9. Supports the body when you sit.

_____10. It filters the oxygen that enters our body.

8
z

Lesson
Bones and Muscles
1
Your body has many different kinds of bones. Can you name these
bones? When you talk about bones, it makes up most of your skeletal
system. Aside from supporting your body, your skeletal systems protect
other parts and helps you move.

How are you able to run? Let’s find out in the next activity.

What’s In

Name Game!
 How would we look like if we have no bones? What part of your
body do you use in doing different actions like clapping,
standing, bending and others?

A B C D

Figure 1. Bones that protect the organs

Ask: 1. Can you name the bones from the pictures?

2. Why are these bones important?
3. What organs are protected by these bones?

9
 What’s New
Cut and paste!

Directions: Cut the pictures of the human skeletal system (Use the
drawing provided on page 47). Paste it on a bond paper. To
check your work, see the attached picture at the end of this
module.

10
 What is It?

Learning Circuit!

The skeletal system is made up of all the bones in the body. It is

also called the framework of the body. Its function is to protect the
different internal organs and help our body move together with the
muscles.

Skull - protects the brain

Eye socket - protects the eyes
Backbones/ spine/ spinal column -
protect the spinal cord
Rib cage - protects the heart and lungs
Figure 2. Skull
Pelvic bones/pelvis- protect the internal
organs and support our body when
Figure 2. Skull we sit. It is the largest bone in the
body
 Joints - the place where two bones meet; it allows movement;
movements originate from here.

 Muscles - it forms the fleshy parts of our body. They enable

movement, give shape and form to our body and protect
delicate organs.

 Muscles are either voluntary or

involuntary.
- Voluntary muscles- are muscles that
you can control
-Involuntary muscles- are muscles that
you cannot control.

Figure 3. Muscles

11
  The bones are your support as you move. It is the muscles
attached to the bones that move them. You have muscles in
almost every part of your body. Without muscles, you cannot do
anything.

 Some muscles and bones work together. Skeletal muscles are

joined or connected to the bones by tendons.

 Tendons are rubber-like cords. They stretch as the muscles and

bones move.

Guide Questions:
1. What are the important bones in our body?
2. In what way the different types of bones and muscles important
to our bodies?
3. Classify the muscles below whether it is voluntary or
involuntary. Explain your answer.
a. Heart
b. Arm muscles

What’s More

Be Wise!

Exercise 1

Directions: Which bone has this function? Choose the answer from the
list below and write your answers in your answer
sheet/Science Activity notebook.

pelvis skull muscles

eye socket rib cage voluntary muscles
backbone joints bones

12
________1. It protects the internal organs and supports our body when
we sit.

________2. It protects the spinal cord.

________3. It protects the eyes

________4. It protects the heart and lungs.

________5. It protects the brain.

________6. It allows the movement of bones.

________7. It pulls bones enabling it to move.

________8. The other term for the spine.

________9. The source of movement.

________10. The muscles that you can control.

Exercise 2

Directions: Which bones are voluntary? Which are involuntary? Check

the column of your answer on your answer sheet/Science
Activity notebook.
Can be Both
Body Parts Voluntary Involuntary Voluntary and
Involuntary
1. Arms
2. Legs
3. Eyelids
4. Heart
5. Lungs
6. Stomach
7. Fingers
8. Esophagus
9. Diaphragm
10. Facial muscle

13
 What I Have Learned

Brain Buster!

Directions: Rearrange the following scrambled words and find out

what they are. Write your answer on your answer
sheet/Science Activity notebook.

1. SULLK - ___________________________

2. CEPLVI - ___________________________

3. CELMUS - ___________________________

4. ALNVOUTRY - ___________________________

5. BRIS - ___________________________

What I Can Do

Let’s apply it!

Directions: Read the situation carefully. State your answers in your

answer sheet/Science Activity notebook.

1. While playing basketball, Allan injured his knee. How will this
situation affects the way he moves around?

14
 Answer Key

QUARTER 2- MODULE 1

LESSON 1 Bones and Muscles

What I Know
Test A 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. E
Test B 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B
Test C 1. B 3.C 5.G 7. J 9.
2. A 4.E 6. F 8. I 10.H
What’s In
1. A. Spinal column/ back bone- spinal cord
B. Rib cage- heart and lungs
C. Pelvic girdle—intestines
D. Skull- brain
1. They protect the major organs of the body
What is It
1. Skull, pelvic girdle, rib cage, spinal column
2. For protection and for body movement
3. A. heart – involuntary- movement cannot be controlled
B. arm muscles- voluntary- movement can be controlled
What’s More
Exercise 1
1. Pelvis 3. Eye socket 5. Skull 7. Muscles 9. bones
2. Backbone 4. Rib cage 6. Joints 8.backbone 10. Voluntary muscles
Exercise 2
1. Arms - voluntary
2. Legs - voluntary
3. Eyelids -involuntary - can be both
4. Heart -involuntary
5. Lungs -involuntary
6. Stomach
z
-involuntary
Lesson Major Organs in Digestion
7. Fingers - voluntary
8. Esophagus -involuntary
(Stomach and Intestines)
9. Diaphragm -involuntary
10. Facial muscle- voluntary -can be both
What15 have I Learned
1. Skull 2. Pelvic 3. Muscle 4. Voluntary 5. ribs
What can I do
Answers may vary
 2
Food is the basic need to keep us alive. It is our source of energy.
Have you ever experienced that your stomach made a growling sound
when you are hungry?

When you take in food, it will not be absorbed by our body

immediately. Food has to be broken down into a very small size. The
organs in the digestive system reduce the food into a simpler form that
your cells can absorb. What are the different organs that are capable of
digesting our food?

In this lesson, you will know the different functions of each organ
responsible for digestion.

Week 1 Day 2

What’s In

Quick Check!

Direction: Write True if the statement is correct and False if it is

incorrect. Do it in your answer sheet/Science Activity
notebook.

______1. The skeletal system provides body support.

______2. Without your bones, you cannot stand or sit erect.
______3. There are many bones that protect the major organs.
______4. The skeletal system does not support your body weight.
______5. The skeletal system gives shape to the body.

16
 What’s New

What you need:

black pepper powder, iodized salt, a glass of water, a small towel,
2 empty cups

What to do:
1. Mix 1/2 teaspoon of black pepper powder and 1/2 teaspoon
iodized salt in 1/2 cup of water.
2. Place the towel over the mouth of an empty cup.
3. Pour the mixture through a small towel in another cup.

Questions Answer
1. What passed through a towel?
2. This event occurs in our
intestines. Describe the
materials that passed through
the towel.
3. What will happen to those that
did not pass through the towel?
4. Which organ in our body works
like a towel?

What is It

Learning Circuit!

 The digestive system is composed of the mouth, the esophagus,

the stomach, the small intestines, and the large intestines.
 The process by which food is broken down into nutrients is called
digestion.

 Digestion takes place as soon as we start to chew our food.

17
  The tongue, lips, and cheeks move the food between the teeth to
break it down into small pieces.

 Saliva from the salivary gland mixes with food between the teeth
to soften it.

 The food moves down to a long tube called esophagus.

 Chewed food is pushed down to a pouch-like organ called

stomach. The muscles in the stomach, mix the chewed food with
digestive enzymes and juices breaking it down into digestible
pieces capable of being absorbed in the intestine.

 From the stomach, the chime (partly digested food) enters a 2.5
cm wide and 7m long coiled tube called small intestine. Digestive
juices like the bile from the liver and the enzymes from the
pancreas and from the lining of the small intestines help in the
digestion of foods. Tiny projections in the small intestine called villi
in the small intestines allow much digested food to be absorbed
into the blood and distributed to the different parts of the body.

 Solid materials that enters the large

intestine are indigestible such as fiber of
fruits and vegetables. The large intestine
is also a temporary storage for water.

 Feces (body waste) is stored in the lowest

part the of large intestine called the rectum.
The rectum stores this waste until it is
eliminated through the anus.

Guide Questions:

1. What are the parts of the digestive system?

2. Why does the food need to be digested?
3. Trace the pathway of food from mouth to anus.

18
 What’s More

Who am I!

Directions: Identify the parts of the digestive organ according to the

assigned numbers. Write your answers in your answer
sheet/ Science Activity notebook.

1.

7.
3.

8.

4.
9.

5.

10.
6.

What I Have Learned

19
 Brain Buster!

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the right words from the box. Write your
answers in your answer sheet/ Science Activity notebook.

saliva bowel movement

large intestine esophagus
blood liquid
stomach mouth
feces small intestine

Digestion starts in the _______.The _____ softens the food. The

(1) (2)
partially digested food enters the _____. It then goes to the _______.
(3) (4)
The food is further changed into ____ so that the _____ can
(5) (6)
carry it to the different parts of the body. The final digestion happens in
____________.
(7)
Undigested parts of the food are pushed into the ____, Where
(8)
they remain until the ____ are passed out of the body during ______.
(9) (10)

What I Can Do

Be a genius!

Answer the question:

What should be done to your food before it can be used by the

body for growth and development?

Answer Key

20
 Lesson Major Organs in Digestion
2 (Stomach and Intestines)

What’s In
1. True 2. True 3. True 4. False 5. False
What’s New
1. Water 3. Considered waste
2. Watery 4. intestines
What is It
1. (in any order) mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum,
anus, pancreas, liver, gall bladder
2. So that the food will be broken down into nutrients and can be used by the body
What’s More
1. Mouth 6. Anus
2. Esophagus 7. Pancreas
3. Liver 8. Gall bladder
4. Stomach 9. Small intestines
5. large intestines 10. rectum
What I have Learned
1. Mouth 6. blood
2. saliva 7. body
3. esophagus 8. Large intestines
4. Stomach 9. feces
5. Liquid 10. Bowel movement
What can I Do
Answers may vary

Lesson Kidneys
21
 3
Have you experienced waking up in the middle of the night just to
pee? While you are asleep, your body has been filtering out wastes and
water from your blood. This job is done by your kidneys.

In this lesson, you will learn about how kidneys help in eliminating
wastes in our bodies.

What’s In

Quick Check!

Directions: Complete the statement below. The scrambled words will

serve as your clue. Then rewrite the sentence on your
answer sheet.

What is digestion?

Digestion is the ABEGRIKN down of ODFO into AELLMRS

(1) (2) (3)
components that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.

What’s New

22
Do this and Enjoy!

What you need:

- Funnel or improvised funnel
using plastic bottle
- Old clean cloth, scissors, flour
Figure 1. Improvised funnel
- Sand, salts, soy sauce, water,
- Cup

What to do:

1. Form a cone with the old clean cloth, then, line the inside of the
funnel or improvised funnel (inverted)
2. Mix the soy sauce, flour, salt and a little amount of sand in a
cup
3. Pour the mixture into a funnel.
4. Observe what happens.
5. Record your observation.

Questions Answer
1. What happened when you poured
the mixture into the funnel?

2. Which body part can be represented

by the funnel?

3. What was left on the filter paper?

4. What passed through the filter

paper?

5. What can be represented by those

that did not pass through the filter
paper?

23
 What is It

Learning Circuit

 The urinary system is composed of the kidneys. Its main function

is to remove liquid water from the blood in the form of urine.

 The kidney is a bean-shaped paired organ which are about 4-5

inches long and 2-3 inches wide. The right kidney is lower because
of the presence of the liver. It filters salts, water and nitrogenous
wastes.

 The kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units
called nephrons.

 They are the major organs of the urinary system. They perform two
major functions.
a. remove liquid wastes from the blood in the form of urine.
b. keep a stable balance of salts and other substances in the
blood and produce hormones that aids the formation of blood
cells.

 The major metabolic wastes produced by our body are filled by

kidneys in the blood like salts, water, and nitrogenous waste.

Figure 2. Human Kidneys

What’s More

24
Be a detective!

Directions: Decode the message. Write your answers on your answer

sheet/Science Activity notebook.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

1.
20 8 5 11 9 4 14 5 25 18 5 13 15 22 5 19

23 1 19 20 5 6 18 15 13 20 8 5 2 15 4 25

Message:
_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

2.
20 8 5 21 18 9 14 1 18 25 19 25 19 20 5 13

11 5 5 16 19 1 19 20 1 2 12 5

2 1 12 1 14 3 5 15 6 19 1 12 20 9 14

20 8 5 2 12 15 15 4

Message:
_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

25
3.
20 8 5 6 9 12 20 5 18 9 14 7 21 14 9 20

9 19 3 1 12 12 5 4 14 5 16 8 18 15 14 19

Message:
_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

Fill me Up!

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the right words from the box. Write
your answers in your answer sheet/Science Activity
notebook.

The kidney is a __________ paired organ which is about four to

(1)
five inches long and two to three inches wide. The right kidney is lower

because of the presence of the______. It removes ________ from the

(2) (3)
blood through tiny filters called _________. It filters _________, water
(4) (5)
and nitrogenous waste.

urea salt liver

bean-shaped nephrons

What I Can Do

26
Be a genius!

Directions: Answer the questions and write it in your answer sheet.

1. When you eat too much salty food, how will it affect your kidneys?

2. What will happen if your kidney cannot function well?

3. Which is good for the kidney, drinking softdrinks always or

drinking water always? Explain your answer.

Answer Key

27
 z

Lesson
3 Kidneys

What’s In
1. Breaking 2. Food 3. smaller
What’s New
1. Not all of the mixture 3. Sand 5. wastes
2. Kidneys 4. Mixed soy sauce, flour, salt
What’s More
1. The kidney removes waste from the body
2. The urinary system keeps a stable balance of salt in the blood
3. The filtering unit is called nephrons.
What I have Learned
Not all of the mixtures goes down
1.
2. kidneys
3. sand
4. mixed soy sauce, flour, salt
5. wastes
What can I Do
1. The kidney will be overworked
2. Waste materials will not be removed from the body
3. Drinking water. Less materials for the kidney to clean.

zLesson
Heart and Lungs
4
28
 Your pulse or heartbeat increases when you are engage in a
physical activity. Physical activities like doing exercise, jogging or doing
heavy works increase the contraction of heart muscles and increases the
pulse heartbeat. When muscle contraction of the heart increases, the
heart works and easily pumps blood to distribute nutrients to the different
parts of the body.

How do the heart and lungs perform their works together? The
next lesson will help you learn about the different functions of the heart
and lungs.

Week 1 Day 3

What’s In

Quick Check!

Direction: Complete the statement below and write your answers in

your answer sheet/Science Activity notebook.

They are the major organs of the urinary system. They perform two

major functions. First, they _________ from the blood in the form urine.
(1)
Second, they also keep a _______ and other substances in the blood
(2)
and produce a hormones that aids the formation of blood cells.

What are the two functions of the kidney?

1. ____________________________
2. ___________________________

29
 What’s New

Let’s play and have Fun!

What you need:

- Picture of heart and lungs showing the air movement inside the
body

What to do:

1. Inhale and fell your ribs. Exhale and feel your ribs
2. Do this three times.
3. Observe as you inhale and exhale.
4. Look at the pictures of the lungs showing the movement of the air
inside the body.
5. Based on the picture, what happens to your lungs when you
inhale? Exhale?

Figure 1. Movement of the air in heart and lungs

Questions Answer
1. What happens to the ribs when
you inhale? Exhale?
2. What happens to the ribs when
you exhale?

30
 3. What goes into your body when
you inhale? What gets out of
your body when you exhale?
4. Explain how air moves into and
out of the body?
5. What is the main function of the
lungs?

What is It

Learning Circuit!
 The heart is a hollow muscular organ located between the two
lungs. It is protected by a rib cage and it is about the size of your
fist. The heart is located in the middle of the chest cavity.

 The heart is made up of cardiac muscles which contract

involuntarily. This means that its contractions cannot be controlled
by your will. It continues to pump blood even you are sleeping. The
beating of the heart is due to the contraction of your heart muscles.

 The contraction of the heart allows it to:

a. receive oxygen from the lungs
b. pump blood to all parts of the body.

 The lungs filter the oxygen that enters our body because it
contains a filtering structure to ensure that the heart receives
clean oxygen from the lungs.

 The carbon dioxide, as a waste material of the body, is removed

from the body through the lungs.

The heart and lungs

support each other
to allow distribution

31
 of nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body and the removal of
carbon dioxide as a waste product in the body.

Figure 2. Heart and Lungs

Guide Questions:

1. Why does the contraction of the heart important?

2. Why are the lungs important to your body?
3. In what way the heart and the lungs support each other?

What’s More

Unscramble me!

Directions: Rearrange the letters to form the correct word. Write your
answers on your Answer Sheet/Science Activity notebook.

1. ERTAH - a hollow organ with thick walls made of cardiac

muscles.
_______________________________________

2. DOLOB - this is what the heart sends on a never ending journey

through out the body.
_______________________________________

3. SLUNG - the organs you use for breathing.

_______________________________________

4. XGOYNE - the gas taken in by humans and animals.

_______________________________________

5. BIR EACG - the bones that protect the heart and lungs.
_______________________________________

32
 What I Have Learned

Brain Buster!

Directions: Fill-in the blanks with the correct word. Write your answers
on your answer sheet/Science Activity notebook.

Exercise 1

The heart is a hollow muscular (1.)___________located near the

(2.) _________ and is protected by the rib (3.)_______. Its size is about
the size of your (4.)_________. It is made up of (5.) _________ muscles
which is an example of an (6.)_________ muscle. Its function is to pump
(7.)_________ to the different parts of the body. The blood carries the
(8.) _________ needed by the different parts of the body. If the heart will
stop pumping, the person will (9.) __________.

die fist oxygen

blood cage involuntary
cardiac lungs organ

Exercise 2

The lungs is located near the (1.)___________ and is protected by

the (2.)__________. It filters the (3.)__________ that enters the body to
ensure that that the (4.) ___________ receives clean (5.)_________.
(6.) _________ is a waste material that is removed by the body through
the (7. )________.

33
 lungs oxygen heart
carbon dioxide rib cage oxygen
chest cavity

What I Can Do

Be a genius!

Directions: Answer the question. Write your answer in your answer

sheet.

1. When your heart does not function well, how will it affect your
body?
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2. Breathing is difficult if your lungs are defective. Why is this so?

___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

Answer Key

Lesson
Heart and Lungs
4

What’s In
1. Remove liquid waste
2. 34
Stable the balance of salt
What’s New
1. Will expand 3. The lungs will give clean oxygen to the heart
2. Air 4. It filters oxygen from the heart
z

Lesson
Brain
5
One of the most important organs of our body is the brain.
Different parts of the brain control different parts of the body. These
parts of your brain allow us to work properly.

35
 When you see a mentally ill person roaming around the
community. What part of his body is not functioning well?

In this lesson, you will learn about the parts and functions of the
human brain.

Week 1 Day 4

What’s In

Quick Check!

Directions: Complete the chart below. Write your answers on your

answer sheet/Science Activity notebook.

Organs Functions

1. Heart

2. Lungs

What’s New

Let’s play and enjoy!

What you need:

Story book

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What to do:

1. Read a short story from preferred storybooks. After reading,

list down as many words as you can remember from the
story.
2. Answer the questions that follow

Questions Answer
1. What are the words in the story
that you can remember?
2. What is the function of the
brain in doing this activity?

What is It

Learning Circuit!

 The human brain is a highly complex organ.

 It is found in the head and is protected by the skull, soft tissues

called meninges and a cushion of fluid. It weighs about 1.5 kg.
and contains billions of neurons.

 The functions of the brain:

1. It controls the voluntary activities of the body. Like thinking,
solving problems, and memorizing.
2. Details and decision making.
3. It controls the muscle movement of our body like walking and
writing.
4. It coordinates muscular actions.
5. It is responsible for man’s ability to learn habits and develop
skills.
6. It helps maintain man’s sense of balance.
7. It controls the involuntary muscles of the body and
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 coordinates functions like beating of the heart and breathing.

 Parts of the Brain

1. Frontal lobe 6. Central sulcus

2. Olfactory 7. Primary somatosensory cortex
3. Primary motor cortex 8. Pariental lobe
4. Temporal lobe 9. Occipital lobe
5. Cerebellum
Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe
thinking language
speaking touch
memory
movement

Occipital Lobe
vision
color perception

Temporal Lobe
hearing Cerebellum
learning Balance
feelings coordination
Brain Stem
breathing
Heart rate
temperature

Figure 1 . Human Brain

Guide Questions: Write your answers in your Answer Sheet/ Activity

notebook.

1. What makes the brain a very important organ?

2. What is the most important function of the brain? Explain your

answer.

What’s More

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Fill me up!

Directions: Fill-in the blanks with the correct letter. Write your answers
in your answer sheet/ Science Activity notebook.

1. ___lf___ct___ry

2. C___r___b___ll___m

3. Pr___m___ry m___t___r c___rt___x

4. P___r___ ___nt___l l___b___

5. T___mp___r___l l___b___

6. Fr___nt___l l___b___

7. C___ntr___l s____lc___s

8. ___cc___p___t___l l___ b___

9. Pr___m___ry s___m___t___s___ns___ry c___rt___x

What I Have Learned

Brain Buster!

Directions: Complete the statement. Write your answers in your answer

sheet/ Science Activity notebook.

Today, I learned that_____________________________________

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______________________________________________________.

What I Can Do

Be a genius!

Directions: Read and answer the question.

1. What kind of activities help the brain perform its function well?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

2. Can you enumerate three brain twisting games that you know?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

Answer Key

Lesson
5 Brain

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What’s In
1. Heart- pumps blood
2. Lungs- filters oxygen
What’s New
1. (answers may vary)
2. Remembering, recalling
What is it
1. It controls activities of the body movements, maintain sense of balance, coordinates
functions like beating of the heart and breathing.
2. Answers may vary
What’s More
1. Olfactory 6. Frontal lobe
2. cerebellum 7. Central sulcus
3. primary motor cortex 8. Occipital lobe
4. Parietal lobe 9. Primary somasensory cortex
5. Temporal lobe
What I have Learned
Today, I learned that ___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________.
What I can do
1. Answers may vary
2. Answers may vary

Post Assessment

Test A

Directions: Read the statement carefully. Choose the letter of the

correct answer from the box below. Write your answer in
your answer sheet/Science Activity notebook.

A. Stomach B. Skeleton C. Skull D. Pelvic Bones

41 E. Cardiac F. Kidney G. Brain H. Lungs

I. Mouth J. Heart
______1. It is the framework of the body.

______2. A pouch-like organ in the digestive system.

______3. A bone that protects the brain.

______4. It is the muscle of the heart.

______5. Which organ controls the bodily actions?

______6. It filters the waste materials from our blood.

______7. It is the organ that pumps blood.

______8. It is where Digestion started.

______9. Support the body when you sit.

______10. It filters the oxygen that enters our body.

Test B

Directions: Match the organ in column A with its corresponding

description or function in column B. Write the letters on
your Answer Sheet/Science Activity Notebook.

Column A Column B

1. Brain A. It controls the body and everything it does.

2. Heart B. It is where the chemical breakdown begins
3. Bones C. Its size is similar to that of fist.
4. Stomach D. It protects the major organs of the body.

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5. Lungs E. Organs you used for breathing.

Test C

Directions: Read each questions carefully and write the letter of the
correct answer on the Answer Sheet/Science Activity
notebook.
____ 1. Which organ controls the bodily actions?
A. Brain B. Heart C. Kidneys D. Lungs

____ 2. It processes information and sends instructions

A. blood B. brain C. heart D. muscle

____ 3. Which of the following protects the brain from injury?

A. leg B. ribs C. skull D. thigh

_____ 4. Which of the following protects the lungs and heart?

A. arms C. skull
B. rib cage D. spinal column

_____ 5. It is considered as the pumping organ of the body. It is the

size of your fist.
A. brain B. heart C. kidney D. lungs

Additional Activities

Exercise 1

Directions: Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is

false. Write your answers in your answer sheet/Science
Activity notebook.

____1. Muscles can expand.

____2. Final digestion happens in your small intestine.

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 ____3. Digestion process starts at the esophagus
____4. Ribs support the spinal cord.
____5. An adult human body has about 206 bones.

Exercise 2

Directions: Study the pictures below. Name the bone in each picture.

1. _______________ 2. ________________

3. _______________ 4. ____________

Exercise 3

Directions: Identify the organs being asked in each item. Write your
answers in your answer sheet/ Science Activity notebook.

Spinal column protects the 5. _____________

Ribcage protects the 6. ___________ & 7. _____________.

The skull protects the 8. _____________.

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 Congratulations for working diligently with this module. Share your
experience with your teacher or elder brother or sister at home.

Answer Key

Post Test
Test A
1. B 6.F
2. A 7. J
3. C 8. I
4. E 9. D
5. G 10. H
Test B
1. A 3. D 5. E
2. C 4. B
45C
Test
1. A 3. C 5. B
2. B 4. B
Additional Activities
What’s New ( Bones and Muscles)
Cut and paste!

Directions: Connect the cut out pictures of the human skeletal system.
Paste it on a bond paper.

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References:

Abutay, L. R., D.C. Bonao, E. B. Crucis, et al. (2015) Science –Grade

4 Learner’s Material. Lexicon Press, Inc.

Abutay, L. R., D.C. Bonao, E. B. Crucis, et al. (2015) Science –Grade

4 Teacher’s Guide. Lexicon Press, Inc.

Balce, M. E. (2009). Smart Science. DIWA Learning Systems.Inc.

Detailed Lesson Plan, Division of Valencia City (2019).

Lozada, B. A. & A. G. Mendoza (2002). Science for Daily Use 4. JICA

47
 Enterprises.

Lumidao, K. C. (2019). Science Grade 4 Workbook.

Valenzuela, B. A. & A. G. Mendoza (2002) Science for Active Minds 4.

DIWA Learning Systems, Inc.

Vengo, L. G. & T. F. Religioso (2007) Science and Health Third

Edition. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

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 For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Valencia City

Lapu - Lapu Street, Poblacion, Valencia City 8709

Telefax: (088) 828 - 4615

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