Lab

Report-2
Air Quality and Global Warming
Course Code: ENV107L Section: 13

Submitted By: (Group-B)

Araf Ibne Alamgir - 1621771030

Md Tarikul Islam Sakib - 1721056030

Marzia Mehjabeen – 1811672030

Alfi Shahreen Chowdhury - 1813376030

Submitted To:
Sohana Shabnam (Ph.D.) (SSM1)
Department of Environmental Science

Submission Date: 2nd July, 2021

 Q1. Look at the AQI value for any five cities (Including Dhaka) today and write
it down with health message and compare.

Answer:
Data taken on Thursday, 1st July 2021, Time: 8.20 PM.

Table 1. Value of the AQI, quality indicator, health message and local time of five different cities
around the world.

City Local Air Quality Numerical Health Message

Time Index Level of Value
Health Concern

Dhaka, Bangladesh 8.20 PM Unhealthy 174 Everyone may start to feel ill.
Members of vulnerable groups may
suffer substantial health
consequences.

Bangkok, Thailand 9.16 PM Good 11 Air quality is satisfactory, and

pollution poses little or no threat.

Delhi, India 7.47 PM Unhealthy 157 Everyone may start to feel ill.
Members of vulnerable groups may
suffer substantial health
consequences.

Kathmandu, Nepal 8.05 PM Unhealthy For 128 Members of sensitive groups may
Sensitive Groups have negative health consequences.
The general public will possibly be
unaffected.
Amsterdam, 3.22 PM Moderate 57 The air quality is adequate; however,
Netherlands for some pollutants, a small
percentage of people who are highly
sensitive to air pollution may have a
moderate health concern.

 Dhaka's air pollution has decreased as a result of the current lockdown, but only during the
day. At night, pollution levels are about twice as high as during the day. The air quality in
Dhaka city’s air quality was unhealthy around 8.20 PM, because some cars were still moving
in roads to transport goods or emergency purpose, and there may be lingering effects of
previously produced dust that has settled in roads and other surfaces. Around Dhaka, brick
kilns are also operating, which is a key contributor to the city's rising average pollution level.

 The air quality in Bangkok is good. If we consider the Bangkok timetable, it is now 9.16 PM,
and all vehicles, offices, and building projects are already closed for today. Also, Bangkok is
currently in partial lockdown. As a result, the emission/burning of fossil fuels and coals has
decreased overall, and air quality has improved in the Bangkok city.

 Due to a number of issues, Delhi's air quality continues to be unhealthy as of at 7.47 PM. The
city of Delhi has the country's highest level of particulate matter pollution. The city's
landlocked geographical location, crop burning in neighboring states, automobile emissions,
industrial pollutants, and large-scale construction activity are the most important reasons for
Delhi's severe levels of air pollution.

 In Kathmandu, the air quality was unhealthy for sensitive groups at 8.05 PM. Open burn fires
and automobile exhaust are the main sources of pollution in Kathmandu. With so many open
burn sources and various sorts of old automobiles operating around the city, combustion
sources produce a significant amount of pollution which increase at night time. As a result of
particle pollution causing inflammation of the airways and lungs, children and individuals with
respiratory illnesses may have difficulty breathing as deeply as they should, and may feel
coughing, wheezing, and exhaustion.
 At 3.22 PM, the air quality in Amsterdam was moderate. It was perfect weather for taking a
fresh breath and engaging in outdoor activities. As we can see, the air quality in Amsterdam is
better than in Dhaka and Delhi even in day time since they have adopted a new emission
standard for all vehicles that requires fewer hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxide
emissions. As a result, the air quality in Amsterdam was considered to be in moderate state.

Question 2: Fill in the information in Table 2.

Answer: Table 2: Measurements and reading for calculating the density of water
Parameters Measurements & Calculations

Volume of Water (mL) 100 mL

Mass of Flask (g) 57.81 g

Mass of Flask + Water (g) 157.81 g

Mass of Water (g) 157.81 𝑔 – 57.81 𝑔

= 100 𝑔

Density of Water (g/mL) 100 𝑔

= 100 𝑚𝐿

=1.00 g/mL
Question 3: The approximate volume of water in the world’s oceans is 1.35X1024
cubic cm. Assume that this is the same temperature as your room-temperature.
Calculate the mass of this much water.

Answer:

Given, Density of water, 1.00g/mL

Volume, 1.35X1024
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
density (d)= , so mass = density × volume
𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆

Using the formula

Mass= 1.00 𝑔/ 𝑚𝐿 𝑥 1.35 𝑥 1024 𝑐𝑚3

= 1.35 𝑥 1024 g

Question 4: Now using the mass, you obtained in Question 3 and the known
density of water at 400 C (0.9922 g/cm3), compute the volume of that mass of
water. Show your work and show the equation you used for your calculations.

Answer:
Given, Mass, 1.35 𝑥 1024 g

Density, 0.9922 g/cm3

𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
density (d)= 𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 so volume = 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚

Using the formula

1.35 𝑥1024
Volume = 0.9922

= 1.36 𝑥 1024 𝑐𝑚3

Question 5. Translate your answer from Question 4 into an estimate of sea-level
rise that would result from such a temperature increase from room
temperature to 400C.

Answer:
Here,
The surface area of the oceans is 3.61 × 1018 𝑐𝑚2
The volume of water at room temperature is 1.35 × 10 24cm3
The volume of water at 40℃ is 1.36 × 10 24cm3
The volume of the ocean = The surface area of the ocean × The depth of the ocean
The Volume of the ocean
So, The depth of the ocean =
The Surface area of the ocean

1.35 × 1024𝑐𝑚3
The depth of the ocean at room temperature =
3.61 × 1018𝑐𝑚2
= 373961.2188 cm
= (37961.2188 × 0.01) m [ 1cm=0.01m]
=3739.6121m

1.36 × 1024 𝑐𝑚3

And, the depth of the ocean at 40℃ =
3.61 × 1018 𝑐𝑚2
= 376731.3019cm
= (376731.3019 × 0.01) m [1cm = 0.01m]
= 3767.3130m
So, the estimated sea level rise = (3767.3130 – 3739.6121) m
= 27.7009 m
 Question 6. Write down some impacts of sea level rise in Bangladesh.

Answer:
Rising sea levels can impact Bangladesh in many ways. Some of the impacts are described
below:
I. Territorial shrinkage: As the sea level increases, the low land will be underwater.
Therefore, there will be less land for people, especially those who live on the coastal side
of Bangladesh.
II. Increase of powerful storms: Rising sea level makes typhoons and hurricanes more
threatening because typhoons and hurricanes become slower and drop more rain. That
contributes to strong storm surges that destroy everything on its path.
III. Increase in coastal erosion: As the sea level rises, the waves move at a higher elevation,
contributing to extensive coastal erosion.
IV. Agricultural soil contamination with salt: Agricultural production will decrease due
unavailing of fresh water and soil degradation. This unavailability of fresh water and soil
degradation occurs due to salt intrusion as the sea level rises.
V. Increase in diseases related to flood: Sea level rise increases flood, making people live
in unhygienic conditions and drinking water polluted, which are the leading causes of
dysentery and diarrhea.
VI. Population Displacement: As people living in the coastal area lose their homes due to
sea-level rise, they migrate to higher-level grounds in Bangladesh. That increases the
population of the higher level grounds.
VII. Loss of tourism: As the sea level rises, tourist places such Cox's Bazar and Saint Martin
might go underwater, so there will fewer tourist places in Bangladesh.
VIII. Loss of Agricultural land: Most of the coastal area contributes to agriculture. As the
land decreases due to sea-level rise, the agricultural land will simultaneously decrease.
IX. Decrease in food supply: As agricultural land decreases, there will be less land for crop
cultivation. It will decrease the supply of food in Bangladesh.
X. Increase in poverty: As coastal people lose their homes and land for agricultural
cultivation due to rising sea levels. It will increase poverty as these people will have no
source of income.
 Contribution list

Name Part of Work

Araf Ibne Alamgir Q2, Q3 & Q4

Md Tarikul Islam Sakib Q5

Marzia Mehjabeen Q1

Alfi Shahreen Chowdhury Q6